               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/1644 (2005)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               15 December 2005

               Resolution 1644 (2005)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5329th meeting, on
               15 December 2005

                    The Security Council,
                    Reaffirming all its previous relevant resolutions, including resolutions 1595
               (2005) of 7 April 2005, 1373 (2001) of 28 September 2001, and 1566 (2004) of
               8 October 2004, and reaffirming in particular resolution 1636 (2005) of 31 October
               2005,
                     Reaffirming its strongest condemnation of the 14 February 2005 terrorist
               bombing, as well as of all other terrorist attacks in Lebanon since October 2004, and
               reaffirming also that all those involved in these attacks must be held accountable for
               their crimes,
                     Having examined carefully the report of the International Independent
               Investigation Commission (S/2005/775) (“the Commission”) concerning its
               investigation into the 14 February 2005 terrorist bombing in Beirut, Lebanon, that
               killed former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafiq Hariri and 22 others, and caused injury
               to dozens of people,
                     Commending the Commission for the outstanding professional work it has
               accomplished under difficult circumstances in assisting the Lebanese authorities in
               their investigation of this terrorist act, and commending in particular Detlev Mehlis
               for his leadership in the discharge of his duties as the Head of the Commission and
               for his dedication to the cause of justice,
                    Reiterating its call upon all States to extend to the Lebanese authorities and to
               the Commission the assistance they may need and request in connection with the
               inquiry, and in particular to provide them with all relevant information they may
               possess pertaining to this terrorist attack,
                     Acknowledging the letter of the Prime Minister of Lebanon to the Secretary-General of 5 December 2005 (S/2005/762) requesting that the mandate of the
               Commission be extended for a further period of six months, with a possibility of an
               additional extension as necessary, to enable the Commission to continue to assist the
               competent Lebanese authorities in the ongoing investigations of the crime, and to
               explore possible follow-up measures in order to bring the perpetrators of the said
               crime to justice, and acknowledging also the concurrent recommendation of the
               Commission in that regard,

05-64720 (E)
*0564720*

S/RES/1644 (2005)

                     Acknowledging also the letter of the Prime Minister of Lebanon to the
               Secretary-General of 13 December 2005 (S/2005/783) requesting the establishment
               of a tribunal of an international character to try all those who are found responsible
               for this terrorist crime and requesting also that the mandate of the Commission be
               expanded or that another international investigation Commission be created, to
               investigate the terrorist attacks that took place in Lebanon since 1 October 2004,
                     Noting that Syrian authorities made available Syrian officials for questioning,
               but deeply concerned at the Commission’s assessment of Syrian performance to
               date, and noting that the Commission is still awaiting the provision of other
               requested materials from Syrian authorities,
                    Reaffirming its determination that this terrorist act and its implications
               constitute a threat to international peace and security,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                    1.    Welcomes the report of the Commission;
                     2.   Decides, as recommended by the Commission and requested by the
               Lebanese Government, to extend the mandate of the Commission, as set forth in
               resolutions 1595 (2005) and 1636 (2005), initially until 15 June 2006;
                    3.    Takes note with satisfaction of the progress of the inquiry achieved since
               the Commission’s last report to the Council, and notes with extreme concern that,
               while the inquiry is not yet complete, it confirms its previous conclusions and that
               the Syrian Government has yet to provide the Commission with the full and
               unconditional cooperation demanded in resolution 1636 (2005);
                     4.     Underscores Syria’s obligation and commitment to cooperate fully and
               unconditionally with the Commission, and specifically demands that Syria responds
               unambiguously and immediately in those areas adduced by the Commissioner and
               also that it implements without delay any future request of the Commission;
                     5.   Requests the Commission to report to the Council on the progress of the
               inquiry every three months from the adoption of this resolution, including on the
               cooperation received from the Syrian authorities, or anytime before that date if the
               Commission deems that such cooperation does not meet the requirements of this
               resolution and of resolutions 1595 and 1636;
                     6.   Acknowledges the Lebanese Government’s request that those eventually
               charged with involvement in this terrorist attack be tried by a tribunal of an
               international character, requests the Secretary-General to help the Lebanese
               Government identify the nature and scope of the international assistance needed in
               this regard, and requests also the Secretary-General to report to the Council in a
               timely manner;
                     7.    Authorizes the Commission, following the request of the Lebanese
               Government, to extend its technical assistance as appropriate to the Lebanese
               authorities with regard to their investigations on the terrorist attacks perpetrated in
               Lebanon since 1 October 2004, and requests the Secretary-General in consultations
               with the Commission and the Lebanese Government to present recommendations to
               expand the mandate of the Commission to include investigations of those other
               attacks;

2

                                                                              S/RES/1644 (2005)

      8.   Requests the Secretary-General to continue to provide the Commission
with the support and resources necessary for the discharge of its duties;
     9.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

                                                                                3

Security Council resolution 1644 (2005) [on extension of the mandate of the UN International Independent Investigation Commission in Lebanon]

UN International Independent Investigation Commission in Lebanon|UN. Security Council (60th year : 2005) > Resolutions and decisions|UN International Independent Investigation Commission in Lebanon. Commissioner|UN International Independent Investigation Commission in Lebanon > Terms of reference|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|COMMISSIONS OF INQUIRY|BEIRUT (LEBANON)|LEBANON|CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION|LEBANON|PERIODIC REPORTS|INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS|TERRORISM|TRIALS|JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE|REPORT PREPARATION|TECHNICAL COOPERATION|CONSULTATIONS


                United Nations                                                                    S/RES/1645 (2005)
                Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                20 December 2005

                Resolution 1645 (2005)
                Adopted by the Security Council at its 5335th meeting,
                on 20 December 2005

                       The Security Council,
                     Guided by the purposes and principles enshrined in the Charter of the United
                Nations,
                       Reaffirming the 2005 World Summit Outcome, 1
                       Recalling in particular paragraphs 97 to 105 of that resolution,
                      Recognizing that development, peace and security and human rights are
                interlinked and mutually reinforcing,
                     Emphasizing the need for a coordinated, coherent and integrated approach to
                post-conflict peacebuilding and reconciliation with a view to achieving sustainable
                peace,
                     Recognizing the need for a dedicated institutional mechanism to address the
                special needs of countries emerging from conflict towards recovery, reintegration
                and reconstruction and to assist them in laying the foundation for sustainable
                development,
                      Recognizing also the vital role of the United Nations in preventing conflicts,
                assisting parties to conflicts to end hostilities and emerge towards recovery,
                reconstruction and development and in mobilizing sustained international attention
                and assistance,
                     Reaffirming the respective responsibilities and functions of the organs of the
                United Nations as defined in the Charter and the need to enhance coordination
                among them,
                      Affirming the primary responsibility of national and transitional Governments
                and authorities of countries emerging from conflict or at risk of relapsing into
                conflict, where they are established, in identifying their priorities and strategies for
                post-conflict peacebuilding, with a view to ensuring national ownership,

        __________________
               1 Resolution 60/1.

05-65417 (E)
*0565417*

S/RES/1645 (2005)

                     Emphasizing, in that regard, the importance of supporting national efforts to
               establish, redevelop or reform institutions for effective administration of countries
               emerging from conflict, including capacity-building efforts,
                     Recognizing the important role of regional and subregional organizations in
               carrying out post-conflict peacebuilding activities in their regions, and stressing the
               need for sustained international support for their efforts and capacity-building to
               that end,
                    Recognizing also that countries that have experienced recent post-conflict
               recovery would make valuable contributions to the work of the Peacebuilding
               Commission,
                    Recognizing further the role of Member States supporting the peacekeeping
               and peacebuilding efforts of the United Nations through financial, troop and civilian
               police contributions,
                    Recognizing the important contribution of civil society and non-governmental
               organizations, including women’s organizations, to peacebuilding efforts,
                     Reaffirming the important role of women in the prevention and resolution of
               conflicts and in peacebuilding, and stressing the importance of their equal
               participation and full involvement in all efforts for the maintenance and promotion
               of peace and security and the need to increase their role in decision-making with
               regard to conflict prevention and resolution and peacebuilding,
                    1.    Decides, acting concurrently with the General Assembly, in accordance
               with Articles 7, 22 and 29 of the Charter of the United Nations, with a view to
               operationalizing the decision by the World Summit, to establish the Peacebuilding
               Commission as an intergovernmental advisory body;
                  2.    Also decides that the following shall be the main purposes of the
               Commission:
                    (a) To bring together all relevant actors to marshal resources and to advise
               on and propose integrated strategies for post-conflict peacebuilding and recovery;
                     (b) To focus attention on the reconstruction and institution-building efforts
               necessary for recovery from conflict and to support the development of integrated
               strategies in order to lay the foundation for sustainable development;
                     (c) To provide recommendations and information to improve the
               coordination of all relevant actors within and outside the United Nations, to develop
               best practices, to help to ensure predictable financing for early recovery activities
               and to extend the period of attention given by the international community to postconflict recovery;
                    3.    Decides that the Commission shall meet in various configurations;
                   4.    Also decides that the Commission shall have a standing Organizational
               Committee, responsible for developing its own rules of procedure and working
               methods, comprising:
                     (a) Seven members of the Security Council, including permanent members,
               selected according to rules and procedures decided by the Council;

2                                                                                05-65417

                                                                                S/RES/1645 (2005)

                (b) Seven members of the Economic and Social Council, elected from
           regional groups according to rules and procedures decided by the Council and
           giving due consideration to those countries that have experienced post-conflict
           recovery;
                 (c) Five top providers of assessed contributions to United Nations budgets
           and of voluntary contributions to United Nations funds, programmes and agencies,
           including the standing peacebuilding fund, that are not among those selected in (a)
           or (b) above, selected by and among the ten top providers, giving due consideration
           to the size of their contributions, according to a list provided by the Secretary-General, based on the average annual contributions in the previous three calendar
           years for which statistical data are available;
                 (d) Five top providers of military personnel and civilian police to United
           Nations missions that are not among those selected in (a), (b) or (c) above selected
           by and among the ten top providers, giving due consideration to the size of their
           contributions, according to a list provided by the Secretary-General, based on the
           average monthly contributions in the previous three calendar years for which
           statistical data are available;
                (e) Giving due consideration to representation from all regional groups in
           the overall composition of the Committee and to representation from countries that
           have experienced post-conflict recovery, seven additional members shall be elected
           according to rules and procedures decided by the General Assembly;
                 5.    Emphasizes that a Member State can only be selected from one category
           set out in paragraph 4 above at any one time;
                6.   Decides that members of the Organizational Committee shall serve for
           renewable terms of two years, as applicable;
                 7.   Also decides that country-specific meetings of the Commission, upon
           invitation of the Organizational Committee referred to in paragraph 4 above, shall
           include as members, in addition to members of the Committee, representatives from:
                (a)   The country under consideration;
                (b) Countries in the region engaged in the post-conflict process and other
           countries that are involved in relief efforts and/or political dialogue, as well as
           relevant regional and subregional organizations;
                 (c) The major financial, troop and civilian police contributors involved in
           the recovery effort;
                (d) The senior United Nations representative in the field and other relevant
           United Nations representatives;
                (e)   Such regional and international financial institutions as may be relevant;
                 8.    Further decides that a representative of the Secretary-General shall be
           invited to participate in all meetings of the Commission;
                9.   Decides that representatives from the World Bank, the International
           Monetary Fund and other institutional donors shall be invited to participate in all
           meetings of the Commission in a manner suitable to their governing arrangements;

05-65417                                                                                3

S/RES/1645 (2005)

                     10. Emphasizes that the Commission shall work in cooperation with national
               or transitional authorities, where possible, in the country under consideration with a
               view to ensuring national ownership of the peacebuilding process;
                    11. Also emphasizes that the Commission shall, where appropriate, work in
               close consultation with regional and subregional organizations to ensure their
               involvement in the peacebuilding process in accordance with Chapter VIII of the
               Charter;
                     12. Decides that the Organizational Committee shall, taking due
               consideration to maintaining a balance in addressing situations in countries in
               different regions in accordance with the main purposes of the Commission as
               stipulated above, establish the agenda of the Commission based on the following:
                    (a)   Requests for advice from the Security Council;
                    (b) Requests for advice from the Economic and Social Council or the
               General Assembly with the consent of a concerned Member State in exceptional
               circumstances on the verge of lapsing or relapsing into conflict and with which the
               Security Council is not seized in accordance with Article 12 of the Charter;
                    (c) Requests for advice from Member States in exceptional circumstances on
               the verge of lapsing or relapsing into conflict and which are not on the agenda of the
               Security Council;
                    (d)   Requests for advice from the Secretary-General;
                      13. Also decides that the Commission shall make the outcome of its
               discussions and recommendations publicly available as United Nations documents
               to all relevant bodies and actors, including the international financial institutions;
                    14. Invites all relevant United Nations bodies and other bodies and actors,
               including the international financial institutions, to take action on the advice of the
               Commission, as appropriate and in accordance with their respective mandates;
                   15. Notes that the Commission shall submit an annual report to the General
               Assembly and that the Assembly shall hold an annual debate to review the report;
                     16. Underlines that in post-conflict situations on the agenda of the Security
               Council with which it is actively seized, in particular when there is a United
               Nations-mandated peacekeeping mission on the ground or under way and given the
               primary responsibility of the Council for the maintenance of international peace and
               security in accordance with the Charter, the main purpose of the Commission will be
               to provide advice to the Council at its request;
                     17. Also underlines that the advice of the Commission to provide sustained
               attention as countries move from transitional recovery towards development will be
               of particular relevance to the Economic and Social Council, bearing in mind its role
               as a principal body for coordination, policy review, policy dialogue and
               recommendations on issues of economic and social development;
                    18. Decides that the Commission shall act in all matters on the basis of
               consensus of its members;
                     19. Notes the importance of participation of regional and local actors, and
               stresses the importance of adopting flexible working methods, including use of
               videoconferencing, meetings outside of New York and other modalities, in order to

4                                                                                05-65417

                                                                                S/RES/1645 (2005)

           provide for the active participation of those most relevant to the deliberations of the
           Commission;
                20.   Calls upon the Commission to integrate a gender perspective into all its
           work;
                 21. Encourages the Commission to consult with civil society, nongovernmental organizations, including women’s organizations, and the private
           sector engaged in peacebuilding activities, as appropriate;
                22. Recommends that the Commission terminate its consideration of a
           country-specific situation when foundations for sustainable peace and development
           are established or upon the request by national authorities of the country under
           consideration;
                 23. Reaffirms its request to the Secretary-General to establish, within the
           Secretariat, from within existing resources, a small peacebuilding support office
           staffed by qualified experts to assist and support the Commission, and recognizes in
           that regard that such support could include gathering and analysing information
           relating to the availability of financial resources, relevant United Nations in-country
           planning activities, progress towards meeting short and medium-term recovery goals
           and best practices with respect to cross-cutting peacebuilding issues;
                24. Also reaffirms its request to the Secretary-General to establish a multiyear standing peacebuilding fund for post-conflict peacebuilding, funded by
           voluntary contributions and taking due account of existing instruments, with the
           objective of ensuring the immediate release of resources needed to launch
           peacebuilding activities and the availability of appropriate financing for recovery;
                25. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly on the
           arrangements for establishing the peacebuilding fund during its sixtieth session;
                26. Calls on relevant bodies and Member States referred to in paragraph 4
           above to communicate the names of members of the Organizational Committee to
           the Secretary-General to enable him to convene the first constituting meeting of the
           Committee as soon as possible following the adoption of the present resolution;
                 27. Decides that the arrangements set out above will be reviewed five years
           after the adoption of the present resolution to ensure that they are appropriate to
           fulfil the agreed functions of the Commission and that such a review and any
           changes as a result thereof will be decided following the same procedure as set out
           in paragraph 1 above;
                28.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

05-65417                                                                                5

Security Council resolution 1645 (2005) [on establishment of the Peacebuilding Commission]

S/60 [10] INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
S/60 [27] PEACEBUILDING

UN. Peacebuilding Commission|UN. General Assembly (60th sess. : 2005-2006). High-level Plenary Meeting to Review the Progress Made in the Fulfillment of All Commitments Contained in the United Nations Millennium Declaration|UN. Peacebuilding Commission > Terms of reference|UN. Peacebuilding Commission > Rules of procedure|UN. Peacebuilding Commission > Organizational structure|UN. Peacebuilding Commission. Organizational Committee > Terms of reference|UN. Peacebuilding Commission. Organizational Committee > Rules of procedure|UN. Peacebuilding Commission > Work organization|UN. Peacebuilding Commission. Organizational Committee > Organizational structure|UN. Peacebuilding Commission. Organizational Committee > Members|UN. Peacebuilding Commission > Participants|UN. Peacebuilding Commission > Agenda|UN. Secretary-General|UN. General Assembly|UN. Security Council|UN. Economic and Social Council|IBRD|IMF|UN. Peacebuilding Support Office|UN. Peacebuilding Fund|Charter of the United Nations (1945)|2005 World Summit Outcome|PEACEBUILDING|INTERGOVERNMENTAL BODIES|REPORT PREPARATION|ADVISORY SERVICES|POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION|INSTITUTION BUILDING|DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES|SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT|RECOMMENDATIONS|COORDINATION WITHIN UN SYSTEM|CONSULTATIONS|REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS|DOCUMENTS|INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNATIONAL SECURITY|ECONOMIES IN TRANSITION|DEVELOPMENT|GENDER MAINSTREAMING|CIVIL SOCIETY|NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS|WOMEN'S ORGANIZATIONS|PRIVATE SECTOR|EXPERTS|DATA COLLECTION|FINANCIAL RESOURCES|FUNDS


               United Nations                                                              S/RES/1646 (2005)
               Security Council                                             Distr.: General
                                                                            20 December 2005

               Resolution 1646 (2005)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5335th meeting,
               on 20 December 2005

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling resolution 1645 (2005),
                    1.   Decides pursuant to paragraph 4 (a) of resolution 1645 (2005) that the
               permanent members listed in article 23 (1) of the Charter shall be members of the
               Organizational Committee of the Peacebuilding Commission and that, in addition,
               the Council shall select annually two of its elected members to participate in the
               Organizational Committee;
                    2.   Decides that the annual report referred to in paragraph 15 of resolution
               1645 (2005) shall also be submitted to the Security Council for an annual debate.

05-65405 (E)
*0565405*

Security Council resolution 1646 (2005) [on membership of the Organizational Committee of the Peacebuilding Commission]

UN. Peacebuilding Commission|UN. Peacebuilding Commission. Organizational Committee > Members|UN. Security Council > Participants|Charter of the United Nations (1945)|PEACEBUILDING|INTERGOVERNMENTAL BODIES|ADVISORY SERVICES|ELECTION OF MEMBERS|REPORT PREPARATION


               United Nations                                                                      S/RES/1647 (2005)
               Security Council                                                   Distr.: General
                                                                                20 December 2005

               Resolution 1647 (2005)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5336th meeting,
               on 20 December 2005

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions and statements by its President on the
               situation in Liberia and West Africa,
                    Welcoming the peaceful and orderly conduct of the recent elections in Liberia,
               an important step in Liberia’s progress towards lasting peace and stability,
                     Welcoming the commitment of President-elect Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf to rebuilding
               Liberia for the benefit of all Liberians, with the support of the international community,
                   Stressing the continuing importance of the United Nations Mission in Liberia
               (UNMIL) in improving security throughout Liberia and helping the new
               Government establish its authority throughout the country, particularly in the
               diamond- and timber-producing areas, and border areas,
                    Taking note of the report of the United Nations Panel of Experts on Liberia
               dated 25 November 2005 (S/2005/745),
                     Having reviewed the measures imposed by paragraphs 2, 4, 6 and 10 of
               resolution 1521 (2003) and paragraph 1 of resolution 1532 (2004) and the progress
               towards meeting the conditions set out in paragraphs 5, 7 and 11 of resolution 1521
               (2003), and concluding that insufficient progress has been made towards that end,
                     Underlining its determination to support the new Government of Liberia in its
               efforts to meet those conditions, and encouraging donors to do likewise,
                     Determining that the situation in Liberia continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                    1.   Decides, on the basis of its assessment of progress made to date towards
               meeting the conditions for lifting the measures imposed by resolution 1521 (2003):
                    (a) To renew the measures on arms and travel imposed by paragraphs 2 and
               4 of resolution 1521 (2003) for a further period of 12 months from the date of
               adoption of this resolution;

05-65399 (E)
*0565399*

S/RES/1647 (2005)

                    (b) To renew the measures on diamonds and timber imposed by paragraphs 6
               and 10 of resolution 1521 (2003) for a further period of six months from the date of
               adoption of this resolution;
                    (c) To review any of the above measures at the request of the new
               Government of Liberia, once the Government reports to the Council that the
               conditions set out in resolution 1521 (2003) for terminating the measures have been
               met, and provides the Council with information to justify its assessment;
                    2.    Reiterates the Council’s readiness to terminate these measures once the
               conditions set forth in paragraphs 5, 7 and 11 of resolution 1521 (2003) have been
               met;
                     3.   Welcomes the determination of the President-elect of Liberia, Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, to meet the conditions for terminating the measures thus renewed, and
               encourages the new Government of Liberia:
                    (a) To reform the Forestry Development Authority, to implement the Liberia
               Forest Initiative and to implement the Forest Concession Review Committee’s
               recommendations for reform and cancellation of existing logging concessions,
               which will ensure transparency, accountability and sustainable forest management
               and contribute towards the lifting of the measures on timber in accordance with
               paragraphs 11 and 12 of resolution 1521 (2003);
                    (b) To consider, with the assistance of international partners and for a
               specific time period, the possibility of commissioning independent external advice
               on the management of Liberia’s diamond resources, in order to increase revenue and
               investor confidence and to attract additional donor support;
                      4.    Encourages the new Government of Liberia to implement the
               Governance and Economic Management Assistance Program, designed to ensure
               prompt implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement and expedite the
               lifting of the measures imposed by resolution 1521 (2003);
                    5.   Welcomes the assistance provided by UNMIL to the Government of
               Liberia in re-establishing its authority throughout the country, and encourages
               UNMIL to continue its joint patrols with the Forestry Development Authority;
                    6.    Notes that the measures imposed by paragraph 1 of resolution 1532
               (2004) remain in force and reconfirms its intention to review these measures at least
               once a year;
                    7.    Emphasizes its concern that the National Transitional Government of
               Liberia took no action to implement its obligations under paragraph 1 of resolution
               1532 (2004), and calls on the incoming Government to take such action
               immediately, particularly through adopting the necessary domestic legislation, with
               technical support provided by Member States;
                    8.    Calls on the international donor community to support the incoming
               Government of Liberia by providing generous assistance to the peace process,
               including for reintegration of ex-combatants, reconstruction and humanitarian
               appeals, and by responding to the financial, administrative and technical needs of
               the Government of Liberia, in particular to assist the Government to meet the
               conditions referred to in paragraph 2 above, so that the measures can be lifted as
               soon as possible;

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                                                                                S/RES/1647 (2005)

                 9.   Decides to re-establish the Panel of Experts appointed pursuant to
           resolution 1607 (2005) for a further period until 21 June 2006 to undertake the
           following tasks:
                 (a) To conduct a follow-up assessment mission to Liberia and neighbouring
           States, in order to investigate and compile a report on the implementation, and any
           violations, of the measures imposed by resolution 1521 (2003), including any
           information relevant to the designation by the Committee of the individuals
           described in paragraph 4 (a) of resolution 1521 (2003) and the individuals and
           entities described in paragraph 1 of resolution 1532 (2004), and including the
           various sources of financing, such as from natural resources, for the illicit trade of
           arms;
                (b) To assess the impact and effectiveness of the measures imposed by
           paragraph 1 of resolution 1532 (2004);
                (c) To assess the progress made towards meeting the conditions for lifting
           the measures imposed by resolution 1521 (2003);
               (d) To assess the humanitarian and socio-economic impact of the measures
           imposed by paragraphs 2, 4, 6 and 10 of resolution 1521 (2003);
                  (e) To report to the Council through the Committee by 7 June 2006 on all the
           issues listed in this paragraph, and to provide informal updates to the Committee as
           appropriate before that date, especially on progress towards meeting the conditions
           for lifting the measures imposed by paragraphs 6 and 10 of resolution 1521 (2003);
                 (f) To cooperate with other relevant groups of experts, in particular that
           established on Côte d’Ivoire by resolution 1643 (2005) of 15 December 2005, and
           with the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme;
                10. Requests the Secretary-General, acting in consultation with the
           Committee, to appoint as soon as possible no more than five experts, with the
           appropriate expertise, in particular on arms, timber, diamonds, finance,
           humanitarian and socio-economic issues, drawing as much as possible on the
           expertise of the members of the Panel of Experts established pursuant to resolution
           1607 (2005), and further requests the Secretary-General to make the necessary
           financial and security arrangements to support the work of the Panel;
                 11. Calls upon all States and the Government of Liberia to cooperate fully
           with the Panel of Experts;
                12.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

05-65399                                                                                3

Security Council resolution 1647 (2005) [on renewal of the measures on arms, travel, diamonds and timber imposed on Liberia by resolution 1521 (2003)]

Liberia. National Transitional Government|Liberia. President|UN Mission in Liberia|UN. Panel of Experts Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 1647 (2005)|UN. Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 1521 (2003) concerning Liberia|UN. Group of Experts Established pursuant to Paragraph 7 of Security Council Resolution 1584 (2005)|Kimberley Process|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|SANCTIONS|ARMS EMBARGO|TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS|CONFLICT DIAMONDS|LOGGING|SANCTIONS COMPLIANCE|LIBERIA|LIBERIA SITUATION|FOREST PRODUCTS|TIMBER|ADVISORY SERVICES|DIAMOND MINES|DONOR COUNTRIES|PEACE TREATIES|FROZEN ASSETS|CRIMINAL ASSETS|FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE|GROUPS OF EXPERTS|FACT-FINDING MISSIONS|REPORT PREPARATION|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|SOCIAL CONDITIONS|ECONOMIC CONDITIONS|INFORMATION EXCHANGE|CERTIFICATES OF ORIGIN|CONSULTATIONS|APPOINTMENT OF MEMBERS|FINANCIAL RESOURCES


               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/1651 (2005)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                21 December 2005

               Resolution 1651 (2005)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5342nd meeting,
               on 21 December 2005

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions concerning the situation in Sudan, in
               particular resolutions 1591 (2005) of 29 March 2005 and 1556 (2004) of 30 July
               2004, and statements of its President concerning Sudan,
                    Stressing its firm commitment to the cause of peace throughout Sudan,
               including through the African Union (AU)-led inter-Sudanese peace talks in Abuja
               (“Abuja Talks”), full implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, and
               an end to the violence and atrocities in Darfur,
                    Urging all parties at the Abuja Talks to reach without further delay an
               agreement that will establish a basis for peace, reconciliation, stability and justice in
               Sudan,
                    Recalling the 7 October 2005 midterm briefing of the Panel of Experts
               appointed by the Secretary-General, further to paragraph 3 (b) of resolution 1591
               (2005), and anticipating the receipt of its final report,
                     Emphasizing the need to respect the provisions of the Charter concerning
               privileges and immunities, and the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of
               the United Nations, as applicable to United Nations operations and persons engaged
               in such operations,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to the sovereignty, unity, independence and
               territorial integrity of Sudan, and recalling the importance of the principles of goodneighbourliness, non-interference and cooperation in the relations among States in
               the region,
                     Determining that the situation in Sudan continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                    1.    Decides to extend the mandate of the Panel of Experts appointed
               pursuant to resolution 1591 (2005) until 29 March 2006, and requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary administrative measures;

05-65872 (E)
*0565872*

S/RES/1651 (2005)

                    2.    Requests the Panel of Experts to report and make recommendations to the
               Council, through the Committee established by paragraph 3 (a) of resolution 1591
               (2005), prior to the termination of its mandate, on the implementation of the
               measures imposed by paragraphs 3, 6 and 7 of resolution 1591 (2005) and
               paragraphs 7 and 8 of resolution 1556 (2004);
                    3.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

2

Security Council resolution 1651 (2005) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Panel of Experts Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 1591 (2005) to monitor implementation of the measures in Darfur]

UN. Panel of Experts Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 1591 (2005)|UN. Panel of Experts Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 1591 (2005) > Recommendations|UN. Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 1591 (2005) concerning the Sudan|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|INTERNAL SECURITY|MILITARY ACTIVITY|DARFUR (SUDAN)|SUDAN|SANCTIONS|SUDAN|REPORT PREPARATION|GROUPS OF EXPERTS|HUMAN RIGHTS MONITORING|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS


               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/1650 (2005)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               21 December 2005

               Resolution 1650 (2005)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5341st meeting,
               on 21 December 2005

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its resolutions and the statements by its President on Burundi, and in
               particular resolution 1545 of 21 May 2004,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and unity of Burundi, and recalling the importance of the principles of
               good-neighbourliness, non-interference and cooperation in the relations among
               States in the region,
                     Congratulating the people of Burundi for the successful conclusion of the
               transitional period and the peaceful transfer of authority to representative and
               democratically elected government and institutions,
                     Expressing its gratitude to the States of the Regional Initiative for peace in
               Burundi, the African Union and the United Nations Operation in Burundi (ONUB)
               for their significant contribution to the success of the political transition,
                     Encouraging the new authorities and all Burundian political actors to continue
               on the course of stability and national reconciliation and to promote social concord
               in their country, while recognizing that numerous challenges remain to be addressed,
                    Stressing the need to put in place the reforms provided for in the Arusha
               Agreement for Peace and Reconciliation in Burundi,
                     Encouraging in particular the Burundian authorities to continue to work with
               the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, including on the establishment
               of the mixed Truth Commission and the Special Chamber within the court system of
               Burundi referred to in resolution 1606 of 20 June 2005,
                     Reiterating its support for ONUB, which continues to have an important role
               to play in support of the Government’s efforts towards the consolidation of peace,
                    Recognizing the important role of the Partners Forum established during the
               New York summit on Burundi on 13 September 2005, in the consolidation of peace
               and reconciliation in Burundi and in supporting reform being undertaken by the
               Government,

05-65848 (E)
*0565848*

S/RES/1650 (2005)

                     Encouraging the Government to work with its international partners, in
               particular with a view to mobilizing assistance for the reconstruction of the country,
                    Taking note of the position of the Government on the evolution of ONUB’s
               mandate, as presented to the Council on 30 November 2005 by Mrs. Antoinette
               Batumubwira, Minister of External Relations and International Co-operation, and
               recorded in the letter to the President of the Security Council dated 23 November
               2005 (S/2005/736),
                     Taking note of the report of the Security Council mission which visited the
               region of Central Africa from 4 to 11 November 2005 (S/2005/716), and endorsing
               its recommendations,
                    Expressing its serious concern at the continuation of hostilities by the Forces
               nationals de Libération — Palipehutu (FNL), and at the threat they pose to civilians,
                     Noting that although there has been an improvement in the security situation
               since the completion of the transitional period, factors of instability remain in
               Burundi and in the Great Lakes region of Africa, which continue to constitute a
               threat to international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                    1.   Takes note of the Secretary-General’s fifth report on ONUB, dated
               21 November 2005 (S/2005/728), and in particular of the recommendations in its
               paragraphs 57 to 60;
                    2.    Decides to extend the mandate of the ONUB until 1 July 2006;
                    3.    Welcomes the readiness expressed by the Secretary-General to continue
               to consult closely with the Government of Burundi, with a view to determining, on
               the basis of the recommendations referred to in the letter dated 23 November 2005,
               the modalities for implementing a gradual disengagement of the United Nations
               peacekeeping presence and of an adjustment to its mandate, taking into account all
               the circumstances, as well as the merits of a United Nations contribution and
               support to the consolidation of peace in Burundi;
                    4.   Looks forward to receiving the Secretary-General’s report on the joint
               assessment mentioned in paragraph 60 of his fifth report on ONUB, by 15 March
               2006;
                     5.   Authorizes, subject to the following conditions, the temporary
               redeployment of military and civilian police personnel among ONUB and the United
               Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC),
               taking into account the need to ensure effective performance of the current mandates
               of those missions, and requests in this regard the Secretary-General to begin
               consultations with the countries contributing military and civilian police personnel
               to those missions:
                     (a) the Secretary-General shall receive prior agreement of the countries
               contributing military and civilian police personnel and of the governments
               concerned,
                    (b) he shall inform the Security Council in advance of his intention to make
               such a redeployment, and in particular of its proposed scope and duration,

2

                                                                                S/RES/1650 (2005)

     (c) any such redeployment shall require a corresponding prior decision of the
Security Council;
      6.    Underlines that any personnel redeployed in accordance with paragraph 5
above shall continue to be counted against the authorized ceiling on military and
civilian personnel of the mission from which they are being transferred, and that any
such transfer shall not have the effect of extending the deployment of personnel
after the expiration of the mandate of their original mission, unless the Security
Council decides otherwise;
      7.    Urges the Government to complete the implementation of the programme
of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration, including the effective
reintegration of former combatants;
      8.   Welcomes the willingness shown by the Government to achieve a
peaceful solution with the Palipehutu-FNL, and reiterates its call upon this
movement to join the peace and national reconciliation process without further
delays or conditions, and its intention to consider appropriate measures that might
be taken against those individuals who threaten this process;
     9.    Expresses its deep concern at the violations of human rights reported by
the Secretary-General, and urges the Government and other parties concerned to
take the necessary steps to prevent further violations and to ensure that those
responsible for such violations are brought to justice without delay;
      10. Urges the international partners for the development of Burundi,
including the concerned bodies of the United Nations, to continue to provide their
support for the reconstruction of the country, particularly through an active
participation in the donors conference to be organized in early 2006;
     11.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

                                                                                3

Security Council resolution 1650 (2005) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Operation in Burundi (ONUB)]

UN Operation in Burundi|UN Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|UN. Secretary-General|Parti pour la libération du peuple hutu du Burundi|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION|BURUNDI|BURUNDI SITUATION|RECOMMENDATIONS|STAFF REASSIGNMENT|MILITARY PERSONNEL|CIVILIAN PERSONS|POLICE|CONSULTATIONS|TROOP-CONTRIBUTING STATES|DISARMAMENT|MILITARY DEMOBILIZATION|SOCIAL INTEGRATION|DISPUTE SETTLEMENT|HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS|ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE|DONOR COUNTRIES

Burundi|Congo, The Democratic Republic of the|Congo


               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/1649 (2005)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               21 December 2005

               Resolution 1649 (2005)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5340th meeting,
               on 21 December 2005

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolutions and the statements by its President concerning the
               Democratic Republic of the Congo, especially resolutions 1533 of 12 March 2004,
               1565 of 1 October 2004, 1592 of 30 March 2005, 1596 of 18 April 2005, 1616 of
               15 August 2005, 1621 of 6 September 2005 and 1628 of 30 September 2005, and
               the statements of 2 March (S/PRST/2005/10) and 4 October 2005
               (S/PRST/2005/46),
                     Reaffirming its commitment to respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity
               and political independence of the Democratic Republic of the Congo as well as all
               States in the region, and its support for the process of the Global and All-Inclusive
               Agreement on the Transition in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, signed in
               Pretoria on 17 December 2002, and underlining the importance of elections as the
               foundation for the longer-term restoration of peace and stability, national
               reconciliation and establishment of the rule of law in the Democratic Republic of
               the Congo,
                     Reiterating its serious concern regarding the continuation of hostilities by
               militias and foreign armed groups in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of
               the Congo, and at the threat they pose to civilians and to the holding of elections in
               the Democratic Republic of the Congo and to stability in the region,
                    Deploring the violations of human rights and international humanitarian law
               committed by these groups and militias and stressing the urgent need for those
               responsible for these crimes to be brought to justice,
                     Welcoming the robust action taken by the United Nations Organization Mission
               in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC) against these groups and
               militias, and commending the dedication of the personnel of MONUC, who are
               operating in particularly hazardous conditions,
                    Calling upon all armed groups in the Great Lakes Region of Africa, such as
               the Forces démocratiques de libération du Rwanda (FDLR), the Palipehutu —
               Forces nationales de libération (FNL), the Lord’s Resistance Army, to act without
               delay to lay down their arms, enter demobilization programmes and support efforts
               to consolidate peace under way in the region,

05-65800 (E)
*0565800*

S/RES/1649 (2005)

                     Having noted the decision, taken on 16 September 2005 by the Democratic
               Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi, acting within the framework
               of the Tripartite Plus Joint Commission, to retain the deadline of 30 September 2005
               for the voluntary disarmament of the FDLR, on the understanding that sanctions
               would be imposed should they fail to respect this deadline,
                    Taking note of the letter dated 21 October 2005 from the ministers representing
               Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Uganda on the
               Tripartite Plus Joint Commission addressed to the President of the Council,
                    Calling upon the States of the region to deepen their cooperation with a view
               to putting an end to the activities of illegal armed groups, and underlining that any
               recourse to the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity of a State is
               contrary to the Charter of the United Nations,
                    Urging in this regard participants in the International Conference on Peace,
               Security, Democracy and Development in the Great Lakes Region of Africa to
               convene the second summit as soon as possible,
                      Aware that the link between the illegal exploitation of natural resources, the
               illicit trade in those resources and the proliferation and trafficking of arms is one of
               the factors fuelling and exacerbating conflicts in the Great Lakes Region of Africa,
               and especially in the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
                   Paying tribute to the donor community for the assistance it is providing to the
               Democratic Republic of the Congo, and encouraging it to maintain that assistance,
                     Taking note of the report of the Security Council mission which visited the
               region of Central Africa from 4 to 11 November 2005 (S/2005/716), and endorsing
               its recommendations,
                    Noting that the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo continues to
               pose a threat to international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                    1.    Deplores the fact that foreign armed groups present in the eastern part of
               the Democratic Republic of the Congo have not yet laid down their arms, and
               demands that all such groups engage voluntarily and without any delay or
               preconditions in their disarmament and in their repatriation and resettlement;
                    2.   Decides that, for a period expiring on 31 July 2006, the provisions of
               paragraphs 13 to 16 of resolution 1596 shall extend to the following individuals, as
               designated by the Committee established pursuant to resolution 1533 (“the
               Committee”):
                     (a) political and military leaders of foreign armed groups operating in the
               Democratic Republic of the Congo who impede the disarmament and the voluntary
               repatriation or resettlement of combatants belonging to those groups,
                    (b) political and military leaders of Congolese militias receiving support
               from outside the Democratic Republic of the Congo and in particular those
               operating in Ituri, who impede the participation of their combatants in disarmament,
               demobilization and reintegration processes;
                    3.   Decides that the measures imposed under paragraph 2 above as well as
               those under paragraph 13 of resolution 1596 shall not apply where the Committee

2

                                                                                S/RES/1649 (2005)

authorizes in advance, and on a case by case basis, the transit of individuals
returning to the territory of the State of their nationality, or participating in efforts to
bring to justice perpetrators of grave violations of human rights or international
humanitarian law;
      4.   Decides that the tasks of the Committee set out in paragraph 18 of
resolution 1596 shall extend to the provisions set out in paragraph 2 above;
      5.   Requests the Secretary-General and the Group of Experts established
under resolution 1533, within its capabilities and without prejudice to the execution
of the other tasks in its mandate, to assist the Committee in the designation of the
leaders referred to in paragraph 2 above;
      6.   Decides that the provisions of paragraphs 2 to 5 above shall enter into
force on 15 January 2006, unless the Secretary-General informs the Council that the
process of disarmament of those foreign armed groups and Congolese militias
operating in the Democratic Republic of the Congo is being completed;
      7.    Decides that, no later than 31 July 2006, it shall review the measures set
forth in paragraph 2 above, in light of progress accomplished in the peace and
transition process in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in particular with
regard to the disarmament of foreign armed groups;
      8.     Urges the Government of National Unity and Transition to do its utmost
to ensure the security of civilians, including humanitarian personnel, by effectively
extending State authority throughout the territory of the Democratic Republic of the
Congo, and in particular in the provinces of North Kivu and South Kivu and in the
Ituri district;
     9.    Recalls that, by its resolution 1565, the Council has mandated MONUC
to support operations led by the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the
Congo to disarm foreign combatants, and to facilitate the voluntary repatriation of
disarmed foreign combatants and their dependants;
      10. Requests in this regard the Secretary-General, in close coordination with
all relevant stakeholders and in particular the Government of National Unity and
Transition, to submit to the Council for its consideration, by 15 March 2006, a
comprehensive and integrated strategy for the disarmament, repatriation and
resettlement of foreign combatants, incorporating military, political, economic and
justice-related aspects, including MONUC’s contribution within its current mandate,
in accordance with the applicable norms of international law and with respect for
the rights and freedom of the human person;
      11. Emphasizes that, as per resolution 1565, MONUC is authorized to use all
necessary means, within its capabilities and in the areas where its armed units are
deployed, to deter any foreign or Congolese armed group from attempting to use
force to threaten the political process, and to ensure the protection of civilians under
imminent threat of physical violence;
      12. Urges the Government of National Unity and Transition to carry out
reform of the security sector, through the expeditious integration of the Armed
Forces and of the National Police of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and in
particular by ensuring adequate and timely payment and logistical support for their
personnel, with a view to allowing them, inter alia, to expedite the disarmament of
armed groups operating on Congolese territory, taking note as appropriate of the

                                                                                3

S/RES/1649 (2005)

               Eusec recommendations mentioned in the report of the Security Council mission to
               Central Africa;
                     13. Reiterates its call on the donor community, as a matter of urgency, to
               continue to engage firmly in the provision of assistance needed for the integration,
               training and equipping of the Armed Forces and of the National Police of the
               Democratic Republic of the Congo, and urges the Government of National Unity
               and Transition to promote all possible means to facilitate and expedite cooperation
               to this end;
                    14. Requests the Secretary-General to submit his observations and, if he
               deems it necessary, recommendations concerning the letter dated 21 October 2005
               from the ministers representing Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
               Rwanda and Uganda on the Tripartite Plus Joint Commission addressed to the
               President of the Council;
                     15. Demands that the Governments of Uganda, Rwanda, the Democratic
               Republic of the Congo and Burundi take measures to prevent the use of their
               respective territories in support of violations of the arms embargo imposed by
               resolutions 1493 and 1596, and renewed by resolution 1616, or in support of
               activities of armed groups present in the region;
                     16. Demands further that all States neighbouring the Democratic Republic of
               the Congo as well as the Government of National Unity and Transition, impede any
               kind of support to the illegal exploitation of Congolese natural resources,
               particularly by preventing the flow of such resources through their respective
               territories;
                     17. Requests States concerned and particularly those in the region to take
               additional measures with regard to the political and military leaders of the foreign
               armed groups present in their respective territories, including, where necessary, by
               taking action to bring them to justice or by taking appropriate measures of
               international cooperation and judicial assistance;
                    18. Reiterates its call upon the Congolese authorities to bring to justice
               without delay perpetrators of grave violations of human rights and of international
               humanitarian law, and reiterates that MONUC’s mandate, as set out in resolution
               1565, includes cooperation with efforts to bring such perpetrators to justice;
                     19. Demands that all parties cooperate fully with the International Criminal
               Tribunal for Rwanda in Arusha, particularly with regard to the arrest and transfer of
               indictees who remain at large;
                    20.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

4

Security Council resolution 1649 (2005) [on extension of measures imposed by Security Council resolution 1596 (2005) on arms embargo against the Democratic Republic of the Congo]

S/60 [102] DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION
S/60 [105] UN ORGANIZATION MISSION IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

UN. Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 1533 (2004) concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo|UN. Group of Experts Established pursuant to Resolution 1533 (2004)|Democratic Republic of the Congo. Government of National Unity and Transition|UN Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|UN. Security Council Mission to Central Africa, 2005|Tripartite Plus Joint Commission|International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|SANCTIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|ARMS EMBARGO|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION|SANCTIONS COMPLIANCE|MILITARY PERSONNEL|DISARMAMENT|WEAPONS SURRENDER|REPATRIATION|RESETTLEMENT|MILITARY DEMOBILIZATION|SOCIAL INTEGRATION|CRIMINAL JUSTICE|HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|GROUPS OF EXPERTS|INTERIM GOVERNMENTS|CIVILIAN PERSONS|RELIEF PERSONNEL|STAFF SECURITY|NORD-KIVU (DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO)|SUD-KIVU (DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO)|ITURI (DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO : DISTRICT)|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|ARMED FORCES|VIOLENCE|POLICE|LOGISTICS|DONOR COUNTRIES|TRAINING PROGRAMMES|EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES|RECOMMENDATIONS|UGANDA|RWANDA|BURUNDI|ILLICIT ARMS TRAFFICKING|NEIGHBOURING STATES|NATURAL RESOURCES|BORDER TRAFFIC|POLITICAL LEADERS|CRIMINAL JUSTICE|JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE|ARREST

Burundi|Congo, The Democratic Republic of the|Congo|Rwanda|Uganda


               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/1648 (2005)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               21 December 2005

               Resolution 1648 (2005)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5339th meeting,
               on 21 December 2005

                    The Security Council,
                     Having considered the report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations
               Disengagement Observer Force of 7 December 2005 (S/2005/767), and also
               reaffirming its resolution 1308 (2000) of 17 July 2000,
                    1.   Calls upon the parties concerned to implement immediately its resolution
               338 (1973) of 22 October 1973;
                     2.   Welcomes the efforts being undertaken by the United Nations
               Disengagement Observer Force to implement the Secretary-General’s zero tolerance
               policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to ensure full compliance of its
               personnel with the United Nations code of conduct, requests the Secretary-General
               to continue to take all necessary action in this regard and to keep the Security
               Council informed, and urges troop-contributing countries to take preventive and
               disciplinary action to ensure that such acts are properly investigated and punished in
               cases involving their personnel;
                    3.   Decides to renew the mandate of the United Nations Disengagement
               Observer Force for a period of six months, that is, until 30 June 2006;
                     4.   Requests the Secretary-General to submit, at the end of this period, a
               report on developments in the situation and the measures taken to implement
               resolution 338 (1973).

05-65812 (E)
*0565812*

Security Council resolution 1648 (2005) [on renewal of the mandate of the UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)]

S/60 [55] UN DISENGAGEMENT OBSERVER FORCE
S/60 [54] MIDDLE EAST SITUATION

UN Disengagement Observer Force|TRUCE SUPERVISION|MIDDLE EAST|MIDDLE EAST SITUATION|SEXUAL HARASSMENT|SEX CRIMES|CODES OF CONDUCT|TROOP-CONTRIBUTING STATES|MILITARY PERSONNEL|MILITARY DISCIPLINE|PUNISHMENT|REPORT PREPARATION


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/1652 (2006)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                24 January 2006

               Resolution 1652 (2006)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5354th meeting on
               24 January 2006

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions and statements of its President relating to the
               situation in Côte d’Ivoire and in the subregion,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and unity of Côte d’Ivoire, and recalling the importance of the principles
               of good neighbourliness, non-interference and regional cooperation,
                     Recalling that it endorsed the final communiqué of the International Working
               Group (IWG) of 15 January 2006, and reaffirming the mandate of the IWG to assist
               the Prime Minister and his government in the implementation of the roadmap it has
               established, and to evaluate, monitor and follow up closely the implementation of
               the peace process, in accordance with resolution 1633 (2005),
                    Taking note of the report of the Secretary-General dated 3 January 2006
               (S/2006/2),
                    Expressing its serious concern at the persistence of the crisis in Côte d’Ivoire
               and of obstacles to the peace and national reconciliation process from all sides,
                     Determining that the situation in Côte d’Ivoire continues to pose a threat to
               international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.   Decides that the respective mandates of the United Nations Operation in
               Côte d’Ivoire (UNOCI) and of the French forces which support it shall be extended
               until 15 December 2006;
                    2.    Decides to extend the provisions of paragraph 3 of resolution 1609
               (2005) for the period specified in paragraph 1 above;
                     3.   Expresses its intention to keep under review the tasks and the troop level
               of UNOCI, and specifically to review these when the Security Council considers the
               forthcoming report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Mission in
               Liberia, taking into account the situations in both Côte d’Ivoire and Liberia, in the
               light of the progress in the implementation of the roadmap established by the

06-22021 (E)
*0622021*

S/RES/1652 (2006)

               International Working Group, in order to lead to the organization of free, fair, open
               and transparent elections no later than 31 October 2006;
                    4.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

2

Security Council resolution 1652 (2006) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Operation in Côte d'Ivoire (UNOCI) and of the French forces which support it]

S/61 [196] CÔTE D'IVOIRE--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/61 [198] UN OPERATION IN CÔTE D'IVOIRE

UN Operation in Côte d'Ivoire|Force Licorne (France)|UN. Security Council (60th year : 2005) > Resolutions and decisions|UN Mission in Liberia|International Working Group on Côte d'Ivoire|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|ELECTIONS|CÔTE D'IVOIRE|MILITARY PERSONNEL|FRANCE|CIVILIAN PERSONS|POLICE|REPORT PREPARATION|WORKING GROUPS


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/1653 (2006)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                27 January 2006

               Resolution 1653 (2006)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5359th meeting, on
               27 January 2006

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolutions and the statements by its President on the Great Lakes
               region of Africa and concerning the situation in the Democratic Republic of the
               Congo and in Burundi, and in particular resolutions 1649 and 1650 of 21 December
               2005,
                    Recalling its resolution 1625 (2005) on strengthening the effectiveness of the
               Security Council and the role of civil society in the prevention and resolution of
               armed conflict, particularly in Africa,
                    Further recalling its resolution 1631 (2005) on cooperation between the
               United Nations and regional organizations and General Assembly resolution 59/213
               (2004) on cooperation between the United Nations and the African Union,
                     Reaffirming its respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, unity and
               political independence of all States in the region, and recalling the importance of the
               principles of good-neighbourliness, non-interference and cooperation in the
               relations among States in the region,
                     Reiterating its condemnation of the genocide in Rwanda of 1994 and the
               armed conflicts which have plagued the Great Lakes region of Africa in the past
               decade and expressing its profound concern at the violations of human rights and
               international humanitarian law resulting in wide scale loss of life, human suffering
               and destruction of property,
                      Aware that the link between the illegal exploitation of natural resources, the
               illicit trade in those resources and the proliferation and trafficking of arms is one of
               the factors fuelling and exacerbating conflicts in the Great Lakes region of Africa,
               and especially in the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
                    Expressing its deep concern at the devastating impact of conflict and
               insecurity on the humanitarian situation throughout the Great Lakes region and their
               implications for regional peace and security, especially where arms and armed
               groups move across borders, such as the long-running and brutal insurgency by the
               Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) in northern Uganda which has caused the death,

06-22645 (E)
*0622645*

S/RES/1653 (2006)

               abduction and displacement of thousands of innocent civilians in Uganda, the Sudan
               and the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
                     Welcoming the efforts undertaken by the Tripartite Plus Joint Commission
               comprising Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Uganda as
               a significant contribution to heightened dialogue between the countries of the Great
               Lakes,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions that reaffirmed the importance of holding an
               international conference on peace, security and stability in the Great Lakes region
               and recognizing the continued ownership of the process by the countries of the
               region with the facilitation of the United Nations, the African Union, the Group of
               Friends and all others concerned,
                    Taking note with satisfaction of the holding of the First International
               Conference on Peace, Security, Democracy and Development in the Great Lakes
               Region, in Dar es Salaam, on 19 and 20 November 2004,
                     Recognizing the “Good Neighbourly Declaration” of September 2003 by the
               representatives of Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and
               Uganda and the Dar es Salaam Declaration of 2004 adopted by the first Summit of
               the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region,
                    Recognizing the significant achievements and progress in the peace processes
               in the Great Lakes region, the recent installation of a democratically elected
               government in Burundi and progress in the transition to democratic institutions in
               the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
                    Expressing its gratitude to the United Nations Organization Mission in the
               Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC) and to the United Nations Operation
               in Burundi (ONUB) for their significant contribution to peace in the region,
                    Paying tribute to the donor community for the assistance it is providing to the
               countries in the region, and encouraging it to maintain that assistance,
                    Welcoming General Assembly resolution 60/1 on the 2005 World Summit
               Outcome and in particular the commitment to address the special needs of Africa,
                    1.    Commends the positive role played by the Secretary-General, the African
               Union, the Group of Friends of the Great Lakes region and other stakeholders in
               organizing and participating in the First Summit of the International Conference on
               Peace, Security, Democracy and Development in the Great Lakes Region of Africa;
                     2.   Urges the countries of the Great Lakes region to continue in their
               collective efforts to develop a subregional approach for promoting good relations,
               peaceful coexistence, peaceful resolution of disputes as envisaged in the Dar es
               Salaam Declaration and encourages them, in partnership with the Special
               Representative of the Secretary-General and other stakeholders, to finalize the
               preparations for the second Summit to be held in Nairobi, including a clear focus on
               peace and security issues, with a view to adopting a Security, Stability and
               Development Pact for the countries of the Great Lakes region;
                   3.    Calls upon the countries of the region to agree on confidence-building
               measures based on effective and concrete actions;

2

                                                                                S/RES/1653 (2006)

      4.   Encourages and supports the countries of the Great Lakes region,
individually and collectively, to strengthen and institutionalize respect for human
rights and humanitarian law, including respect for women’s rights and protection of
children affected by armed conflict, good governance, rule of law, democratic
practices as well as development cooperation;
      5.    Encourages the development of the prevailing goodwill and relations
among the countries of the region which have positively influenced the successful
transition in Burundi and the course of the ongoing democratic transition in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo;
     6.    Urges all States concerned to take action to bring to justice perpetrators
of grave violations of human rights and international humanitarian law and to take
appropriate measures of international cooperation and judicial assistance in this
regard;
     7.   Expresses its support for the efforts by States in the region to build
independent and reliable national judicial institutions in order to put an end to
impunity;
      8.    Strongly condemns the activities of militias and armed groups operating
in the Great Lakes region such as the Forces Démocratiques de Libération du
Rwanda (FDLR), the Palipehutu-Forces Nationales de Libération (FNL) and the
Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) which continue to attack civilians and United
Nations and humanitarian personnel and commit human rights abuses against local
populations and threaten the stability of individual States and the region as a whole
and reiterates its demand that all such armed groups lay down their arms and engage
voluntarily and without any delay or preconditions in their disarmament and in their
repatriation and resettlement;
      9.     Stresses the need for the States in the region, within their respective
territories, to disarm, demobilize and cooperate in the repatriation or resettlement, as
appropriate, of foreign armed groups and local militias, and commends in this regard
the robust action of MONUC, acting in accordance with its mandate, in support of
the Forces Armées de la République Démocratique du Congo (FARDC) in the
eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo;
     10. Underscores that the governments in the region have a primary
responsibility to protect their populations, including from attacks by militias and
armed groups and stresses the importance of ensuring the full, safe and unhindered
access of humanitarian workers to people in need in accordance with international
law;
      11. Calls upon all States in the region to deepen their cooperation with a
view to putting an end to the activities of illegal armed groups, and underlines that
these States must abide by their obligations under the Charter of the United Nations
to refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political
independence of their neighbours;
      12. Urges the international community, non-governmental organizations and
civil society to increase humanitarian assistance to civilians affected by
displacements and violence from years of protracted conflicts in the Great Lakes
region;

                                                                                3

S/RES/1653 (2006)

                    13. Commends the efforts of the United Nations Organization Missions in the
               region in accordance with their respective mandates, to protect civilians, including
               humanitarian personnel, to enable delivery of humanitarian aid and to create the
               necessary conditions for the voluntary return of refugees and internally displaced
               persons;
                     14. Requests the Secretary-General to make recommendations to the Council,
               as appropriate, on how best to support efforts by States in the region to put an end to
               the activities of illegal armed groups, and to recommend how United Nations
               agencies and missions — the United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS),
               MONUC and ONUB — can help, including through further support for the efforts
               of the governments concerned to ensure protection of, and humanitarian assistance
               to, civilians in need;
                     15. Calls upon the countries of the region to continue in their efforts to
               create conducive conditions for voluntary repatriation, safe and durable integration
               of refugees and former combatants in their respective countries of origin. In this
               regard, calls for commensurate international support for refugees and reintegration
               and reinsertion of returnees, internally displaced persons and former combatants;
                     16. Calls upon the countries of the region to reinforce their cooperation with
               the Security Council’s Committee and with the Group of Experts established by
               resolution 1533 (2004) in enforcing the arms embargo in the Democratic Republic
               of the Congo and to combat cross-border trafficking of illicit small arms, light
               weapons and illicit natural resources as well as the movement of combatants, and
               reiterates its demand that the Governments of Uganda, Rwanda, the Democratic
               Republic of the Congo and Burundi take measures to prevent the use of their
               respective territories in support of the activities of armed groups present in the
               region;
                    17. Urges the governments concerned in the region to enhance their
               cooperation to promote lawful and transparent exploitation of natural resources
               among themselves and in the region;
                    18. Welcomes the establishment of the Peacebuilding Commission and
               underlines its potential importance to the work of the Security Council in this
               region;
                     19. Invites the international community, including regional organizations,
               international financial institutions and relevant bodies of the United Nations system,
               to support and complement the peacebuilding and development initiatives required
               to sustain peace, security and stability in the countries of the Great Lakes region;
                    20.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

4

Security Council resolution 1653 (2006) [on conflict prevention and peaceful resolution of disputes in the Great Lakes region]

S/61 [101] GREAT LAKES REGION (AFRICA)--REGIONAL SECURITY

African Union|Group of Friends of the Great Lakes Region|UN. Special Representative of the Secretary-General for the Great Lakes Region|Forces démocratiques de libération du Rwanda|Forces nationales de libération (Burundi)|Lord's Resistance Army (Uganda)|UN Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Democratic Republic of the Congo. Forces armées|UN Mission in Sudan|UN Operation in Burundi|UN. Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 1533 (2004) concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo|UN. Expert Panel on the Illegal Exploitation of Natural Resources and Other Forms of Wealth in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|UN. Peacebuilding Commission|Declaration on the International Conference on Peace, Security, Democracy and Development in the Great Lakes Region (2005)|Dar es Salaam Declaration on Peace, Security, Democracy and Development in the Great Lakes Region (2004)|Charter of the United Nations (1945)|CONFIDENCE-BUILDING MEASURES|PREVENTIVE DIPLOMACY|REGIONAL SECURITY|WAR PREVENTION|GREAT LAKES REGION (AFRICA)|AFRICA|CONFERENCES|UGANDA|BURUNDI|RWANDA|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO|DISPUTE SETTLEMENT|PEACEBUILDING|HUMAN RIGHTS|WOMEN'S RIGHTS|HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS|INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW|CRIMINAL JUSTICE|JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE|LAW REFORM|IMPUNITY|REGIONAL CONFLICTS|GOOD NEIGHBOURLINESS|MILITARY DEMOBILIZATION|DISARMAMENT|SOCIAL INTEGRATION|CIVILIAN PERSONS|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|STAFF SECURITY|FORCE IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS|CIVIL SOCIETY|DISPLACED PERSONS|REPATRIATION|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|ARMS EMBARGO|SANCTIONS COMPLIANCE|ILLICIT ARMS TRAFFICKING|BORDER TRAFFIC|NATURAL RESOURCES

Burundi|Congo, The Democratic Republic of the|Congo|Rwanda|Sudan|Uganda


               United Nations                                                                S/RES/1654 (2006)
               Security Council                                              Distr.: General
                                                                             31 January 2006

               Resolution 1654 (2006)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5360th meeting, on
               31 January 2006

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions concerning the Democratic Republic of the
               Congo, in particular resolutions 1616 of 29 July 2005 and 1649 of 21 December
               2005,
                    Declaring its determination to closely monitor compliance with the arms
               embargo imposed by resolution 1493 and expanded by resolution 1596, and to
               enforce the measures provided for in paragraphs 13 and 15 of resolution 1596
               against persons and entities acting in violation of this embargo,
                    Noting that the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo continues to
               constitute a threat to international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.   Requests the Secretary-General, in consultation with the Committee
               established in accordance with paragraph 8 of resolution 1533, to re-establish the
               Group of Experts referred to in paragraph 10 of resolution 1533 and paragraph 21 of
               resolution 1596, within thirty days from the date of adoption of this resolution and
               for a period expiring on 31 July 2006;
                    2.    Requests the Group of Experts to continue fulfilling its mandate as
               defined in resolutions 1533, 1596 and 1649, to update the Committee on its work by
               10 April 2006, and to report to the Council in writing, through the Committee,
               before 10 July 2006;
                    3.   Reaffirms its demand that all parties and all States cooperate fully with
               the work of the Group of Experts, and that they ensure:
                  – the safety of their members;
                  – unhindered and immediate access, in particular to persons, documents and
                    sites the Group of Experts deems relevant to the execution of its mandate;
                    4.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

06-22904 (E)
*0622904*

Security Council resolution 1654 (2006) [on re-establishment of the UN Group of Experts on the Democratic Republic of the Congo]

S/61 [102] DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION

UN. Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 1533 (2004) concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo|UN. Group of Experts Established pursuant to Resolution 1533 (2004)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|ARMS EMBARGO|INTERNAL SECURITY|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION|GROUPS OF EXPERTS|STAFF SECURITY|ACCESS TO INFORMATION|FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT

Congo, The Democratic Republic of the|Congo