               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2553 (2020)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                3 December 2020

               Resolution 2553 (2020)
               Adopted by the Security Council on 3 December 2020

                    The Security Council,
                     Reaffirming its primary responsibility under the Charter of the United Nations
               for the maintenance of international peace and security,
                     Recalling its resolutions 2151 (2014) on security sector reform and 2282 (2016)
               on the review of the United Nations peacebuilding architecture, and the statements by
               its President of 21 February 2007 (S/PRST/2007/3), 12 May 2008 (S/PRST/2008/14)
               and 12 October 2011 (S/PRST/2011/19),
                     Recalling its resolution 2282 (2016) which recalled General Assembly
               resolution A/RES/70/1, entitled “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for
               Sustainable Development”, which adopted a comprehensive, far-reaching and peoplecentred set of universal and transformative Sustainable Development Goals and
               targets,
                     Recognizing that development, peace and security and human rights are
               interlinked and mutually reinforcing,
                     Stressing that reforming the security sector in post-conflict environments is
               critical to the consolidation of peace and stability, promoting poverty reduction, rule
               of law and good governance, extending legitimate State authority, and preventing
               countries from relapsing into conflict, and further stressing that, in this regard, a
               professional, effective, and accountable security sector and accessible and impartial
               law-enforcement and justice sectors are equally necessary to laying the foundations
               for peace and sustainable development,
                     Reiterating the need for a comprehensive approach to peacebuilding and
               sustaining peace as well as gender mainstreaming measures including through
               security sector reform in the broader framework of the rule of law,
                     Recalling the sovereign right and the primary responsibility of the country
               concerned to determine the national approach and priorities of security sector reform
               and recognizing that it should be a nationally owned process that is rooted in the
               particular needs and conditions of, and at the request and in close consultation w ith
               the country in question and encouraging the involvement of all relevant stakeholders
               in security sector reform and the development of expertise in the field of security
               sector reform at the national and local level,

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                     Recognizing that the political leadership and political will of national authorities
               are critical for the progress of security sector reform, and reaffirming the lead role of
               national authorities in developing an inclusive national vision for security sector
               reform, which takes into account the full, equal and meaningful participation of
               women and stressing that coordinating the implementation of the vision, dedicating
               national resources towards national security institutions, and monitoring the impact
               of the security sector reform process are an integral part of national ownership and
               leadership of security sector reform,
                    Reaffirming its commitment to address the impact of armed conflict on women,
               youth and children, and recalling its resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888
               (2009), 1960 (2010), 2106 (2013) 2122 (2013), 2242 (2015), 2467 (2019) and 2493
               (2019) on women, peace and security, resolutions 1265 (1999), 1296 (2000), 1674
               (2006), 1738 (2006) and 1894 (2009) on the protection of civilians in armed conflict,
               as well as resolutions as well as resolutions 2250 (2015), 2419 (2018) and 2535 (2020)
               on youth, peace and security, and resolutions 1261 (1999), 1612 (2005), 1882 (2009),
               1998 (2011), 2068 (2012) and 2143 (2014) on children and armed conflict,
                     Recognizes the role of United Nations peacekeeping operations and special
               political missions in supporting national authorities, where and as mandated, to
               develop inclusive, national strategies, programs and priorities for security sector
               reform and support the coordination of international assistance to security sector
               reform as appropriate that is aligned with national priorities and takes into account
               international support in order to effectively assist countries to build and sustain peace,
               stressing the importance of peacekeeping missions and special political missions to
               be provided with adequate, predictable and sustainable funding and/or resources to
               implement mandates and United Nations support related to security sector reform,
                    Recalling reports of the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations of the
               General Assembly, which have provided guidance to the United Nations Secretariat
               on the subject of security sector reform and the development of a United Nations
               approach to security sector reform,
                     Expressing concern at the range of challenges that weak and dysfunctional
               security institutions face including impairing the ability of the State to build and
               sustain peace, extend public security, rule of law and access to justice within its
               boundaries, and noting that good governance and oversight of the security sector is
               important in ensuring that security institutions provide security and protect the
               population, and further noting that failure to address governance, operational and
               accountability deficits can undermine the positive gains of peacekeeping and
               necessitates the return of peacekeeping and special political missions in previous
               areas of operation and recognizing that, effective and inclusive security sector reform
               processes have been an important element of the political processes, national
               reconciliation, transitional justice, stabilization and reconstruction of some post -
               conflict countries,
                    Reaffirming that a representative, responsive, efficient, effective, professional,
               and accountable security sector without discrimination and with full respect for
               human rights and the rule of law is the cornerstone of peace and sustainable
               development and is important for conflict prevention, peacebuilding and sustaining
               peace,
                    Recognizing that security sector reform is an important element of United
               Nations peacebuilding efforts and noting the important work of the Peacebuilding
               Commission as a dedicated intergovernmental advisory body that brings a strategic
               approach and coherence to international peacebuilding efforts including United
               Nations support to security sector reform,

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                 Recalling that the bulk of Security Council-mandated United Nations assistance
           in the area of security sector reform takes place in, and is directed to, countries in
           Africa and that a number of African countries are becoming important providers of
           such assistance, and in this regard recognizing the important contributions of, and
           capacities put in place by the African Union and the sub-regional organisations to
           support and guide national security sector reform efforts,
                 Noting the support provided by bilateral actors, regional organisations,
           multilateral financial institutions as well as, expert organizations including academia
           and research organizations to security sector reform efforts and other initiatives in the
           area of security sector reform, and recognizing the importance of establishing
           strategic partnerships and coordinated funding to enhance the impact of international
           support that is aligned with, and takes into account national security sector reform
           priorities,
                 Stressing the importance of national ownership and the role that coordination
           plays, as appropriate, between the different actors involved in supporting security
           sector reforms through bilateral and multilateral contributions and emphasizing the
           role United Nations peacekeeping operations and special political missions can play
           in enhancing this coordination with a national vision and priorities, and taking into
           account the need to ensure transparency, inclusivity, and accountability of support
           provided for security sector reform in line with national priorities,
                 Recognizing the centrality of security sector reform as a key element of
           peacekeeping and special political mission mandates, stressing the role of
           peacekeeping operations and special political missions in support of political
           solutions, and emphasizing the importance of the United Nations, including through
           its peacekeeping operations and special political missions, supporting national
           Governments, upon their request where appropriate, to strengthen security sector
           governance and develop security institutions that are inclusive, representative,
           accessible and responsive to the needs of their population, and the important role of
           the Peacebuilding Commission and the Peacebuilding Fund in supporting security
           sector reform,
                 Recalling the important role that the United Nations has played in supporting
           national efforts to enhance security sector governance and build sustainable security
           institutions, and commending the efforts of the United Nations, in particular the
           Department of Peace Operations, including the Security Sector Reform Unit and the
           United Nations Inter-Agency Security Sector Reform Task Force, in further
           strengthening a comprehensive United Nations approach to security sector reform,
           through the development of system-wide and specialized guidance and civilian
           capacities, coordination mechanisms, and development of strategic partnerships with
           regional and subregional organizations, in particular the African Union,
                 Underlining the importance of the close coordination of the range of United
           Nations Security Sector Reform activities, both at headquarters and in the field, in
           particular between Security Council-mandated missions and the United Nations
           Country Team, and noting the role of the Global Focal Point for Rule of Law in the
           context of security sector reform in enhancing the United Nations integrated
           responses and joint approaches at the country level, and encouraging relevant United
           Nations entities mandated for security sector reform activities to work through the
           existing coordination mechanisms, as appropriate,
                Acknowledging that security sector reform in some contexts will include
           defence, police, justice and corrections, disaster management and border, customs and
           immigration services, as well as, customary and traditional security providers as
           determined by each Member State, and stressing the importance to adequately
           consider initiatives that address strategic security sector governance, management

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               and oversight aspects in order to ensure the long-term sustainability of the security
               sector based on the particular needs and conditions of the country in question,
                     Reiterating the importance of the rule of law as one of the key elements of
               conflict prevention, peacekeeping, conflict resolution and peacebuilding and
               reiterating the statement by its President of 21 February 2014 (S/PRST/2014/5), and
               recalling that security sector reform must take place within a broad framework of the
               rule of law, and noting in this regard the contribution that effective, professional and
               accountable police services, that provide security to the population, can make in
               building trust between State authorities and the public and restoring the rule of law
               in post-conflict countries,
                     Recognizing that security sector reform constitutes a key element of the political
               processes of States recovering from conflict and of the strengthening of the rule of
               law institutions, and that the establishment of representative, effective and
               accountable security sector governance ensuring the security and justice needs of the
               entire population and development of sustainable capacities of national security
               institutions able to fulfil their responsibilities to protect all civilians is central to th e
               transition, where and as mandated of security responsibilities to the host state, and to
               the gradual withdrawal and exit of peacekeeping operations and special political
               missions,
                     Recognizing the interlinkages between security sector reform and other
               important factors of stabilization and reconstruction, such as, but not limited to,
               national reconciliation, transitional justice, disarmament, demobilization and
               reintegration as well as long-term rehabilitation of former combatants and all those
               affected including in particular women, youth and children, national small arms and
               light weapons management, arms embargo implementation, reduction of armed
               violence, organized crime and anti-corruption measures, protection of civilians,
               including in particular women, youth and children, as well as gender equality and
               human rights issues,
                     1.    Reaffirms the importance of security sector reform in peacebuilding, and
               sustaining peace, including conflict prevention and in the stabilization and
               reconstruction of States in the aftermath of conflict and resolves to continue to include
               and prioritise, as appropriate, security sector reform aspects as an integral part of the
               mandates of United Nations peacekeeping operations and special political missions;
                     2.    Reiterates the centrality of national ownership for security sector reform
               processes, and further reiterates the responsibility of the country concerned in the
               determination of security sector reform assistance, where appropriate, and recognizes
               the importance of considering the perspectives of the host countries in the formulation
               of relevant mandates of United Nations peacekeeping operations and special political
               missions;
                     3.    Encourages Member States undertaking reform, to take the lead in
               defining an inclusive national vision and strategy on security sector reform, informed
               by the needs and aspirations of the entire population, and acknowledges the important
               role of the United Nations, including its Peacebuilding Commission, and Member
               States, regional and subregional organizations in assisting States in this regard;
                     4.    Recognizes that security sector reform needs to be in support of, and
               informed by, broader national political processes, inclusive of all segments of the
               society, including the participation of civil society, that lay the foundations for
               stability and peace, social and economic development, through the promotion of the
               rule of law, justice, national dialogue, and reconciliation efforts, and resolves to
               prioritize security sector governance and reform activities that directly support such
               efforts;

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                 5.    Reaffirms that the promotion of women’s full, equal and meaningful
           participation in the security sector makes an important contribution to building
           inclusive, accountable and legitimate institutions that more effectively protect
           populations and promote lasting peace and sustainable development, and expresses
           concern that women continue to face significant barriers to their equal participation
           in security sector institutions where they are often under-represented; and in this
           regard, encourages Member States to develop context-specific security sector reform
           strategies and programmes that, inter alia, mainstream a gender perspective remove
           legal, institutional and regulatory barriers to women’s equal participati on in the
           security sector and increase their representation at all levels within the security sector;
                 6.   Recognizing that youth should actively be engaged in shaping lasting
           peace and contributing towards conflict prevention, peacebuilding and recovery,
           including the promotion of the rule of law, justice and reconciliation, and that a large
           youth population presents a unique demographic dividend that can contribute to
           lasting peace and economic prosperity if inclusive policies are in place;
                 7.   Stresses that security sector reform is critical to addressing impunity and
           promoting accountability for violations and abuses of human rights and violations of
           international humanitarian law, where applicable, and contributes to upholding the
           rule of law and access to justice;
                 8.   Encourages Member States, when undertaking security sector reforms, to
           mainstream child protection, such as the inclusion of child protection in military
           training and standard operating procedures, as well as in military guidance as
           appropriate, the establishment of child protection units in national security forces, of
           effective age assessment mechanisms to prevent underage recruitment, of vetting
           mechanisms to ensure that those responsible for violations and abuses against
           children are not included in the ranks of national security forces and of measures to
           protect schools and hospitals from attack and to prevent the military use of schools in
           contravention of applicable international law;
                 9.    Stresses the importance of security sector reform, which better integrates
           policing, justice and corrections, defence, border management and security, maritime
           security, civil protection, and other relevant functions, including through the
           development of professional, accessible, and accountable policing capabilities that
           strengthen community resilience, as well as the institutions responsible for their
           oversight and management, and urges the effective integration as regards sector-wide
           and component levels of United Nations support both at headquarters and in the field,
           as appropriate;
                 10. Recognizes the need for governance and reform which better integrates all
           security functions, by ensuring a clear delineation of roles and responsibilities
           between relevant security institutions, and in this regard recognizes the important role
           that national defence actors play in protecting the sovereignty and integrity of States
           and their populations;
                 11. Encouraging the United Nations peacekeeping operations and special
           political missions to continue to play a role in supporting efforts that enhance the trust
           and confidence between national security actors and institutions, and the population;
                 12. Stresses the importance of the relevant bodies of the United Nations
           undertaking mission planning processes for security sector reform, where mandated,
           that gives full consideration to support national security sector reform efforts, taking
           into account the specific needs of the host country and its population including
           through partnerships with other relevant international and regional actors providing
           security sector reform assistance to the national government;

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                     13. Underlines the importance of strengthening support for sector-wide
               initiatives that aim to enhance the governance and overall performance of the security
               sector and address the foundations upon which security institutions in each
               component area are built, and ensuring that strategic partnerships and coordination
               mechanisms prioritize support and funding for security sector governance initiatives;
               and notes that security sector governance and institutions can be enhanced through
               support to and inclusive national security dialogues; national security sector reviews
               and mappings; national security policy and strategy; national security legislation;
               national security sector plans; security sector public expenditure reviews; and
               national security oversight, management and coordination;
                     14. Underlines that the management of a transition from a peacekeeping
               operation or special political mission in relation to its security sector reform activities
               should be based upon a timely analysis, in consultation with the host country, and in
               close coordination with the United Nations Country Team of any assistance beyond
               the duration of the mandate to enable peacebuilding and development actors to
               undertake the necessary strategic planning and fundraising, working in close
               partnership with national authorities, and local communities and organizations,
               including women and youth, as appropriate and to transfer skills and expertise to hostcountry officials and experts as quickly as possible in order to ensure a successful and
               durable transition;
                     15. Notes that the United Nations is particularly well positioned to support
               Member States with coordinating security sector governance and reforms aligned
               with, and taking into account an inclusive national vision and priorities as necessary
               in specific situations, that it has broad experience as well as comparative advantages
               in this area working in close collaboration with relevant international and regional
               actors, and urges all relevant actors to align their support with national priorities in a
               transparent and coordinated manner to ensure their desired effectiveness and enhance
               the impact of international support to national security sector reform efforts;
                     16. Encourages Member States to continue to be engaged and to facilitate
               strategic discussions on strengthening the United Nations approach and role in this
               critical area, including through the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations
               of the General Assembly and the Peacebuilding Commission;
                     17. Notes the important role that United Nations police can play in supporting,
               and coordinating international support for, reform of national police institutions and
               building police capacity in a comprehensive way that emphasizes a communityoriented approach and inter alia builds strong governance, oversight and
               accountability mechanisms within the framework of a functional judicial and
               corrections system;
                     18. Recognizes the need for the United Nations peacekeeping operations and
               special political missions with relevant mandates and the Inter-Agency Security
               Sector Reform Task Force to further strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of
               United Nations security sector reform initiatives with the aim of ensuring the
               effectiveness, coordination and coherence of the support provided by the United
               Nations and other regional, bilateral and multilateral partners to national
               Governments;
                     19. Encourages Member States to provide voluntary support to security sector
               reform and governance efforts, and to ensure adequate resources for security sector
               governance efforts including at a sector-wide level, and where possible and as agreed
               upon through the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund, in accordance with the
               priorities set forth by national authorities;

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                 20. Resolves to continue to promote the role of the United Nations Secretariat
           in supporting security sector reform, and requests the Secretary-General to consider
           undertaking the following in the context of relevant country-specific mandates:
                (a) Strengthen the comprehensive, integrated, and coherent approach of the
           United Nations in security sector reform;
                 (b) Develop additional guidance including on mainstreaming of a gender
           perspective for relevant United Nations officials, including for Special
           Representatives of the Secretary-General and Envoys, and assist all relevant United
           Nations representatives to understand how to deliver mandated security sector reform
           tasks;
                 (c) Encourage the Secretary-General’s Special Representatives and Special
           Envoys and United Nations Resident Coordinators to fully take into account the
           strategic value of security sector reform in their work, including through their good
           offices, and to give due consideration to the role of United Nations special political
           missions, where and as mandated, in advancing operational and structural prevention
           initiatives through security sector reform activities and efforts;
                 (d) Encourage the Secretary-General’s Special Representatives in United
           Nations peacekeeping operations and special political missions to fully integrate
           security sector governance and reform, where and as mandated, into their good offices
           and consider the role of security sector reform in mission efforts to advance peace
           processes, extend state authority and strengthen a protective environment for
           civilians;
                (e) Highlight in the Secretary-General’s regular reports to the Security
           Council on specific United Nations operations mandated by the Security Council,
           updates on progress of security sector reform including by developing countryspecific benchmarks to assess the effectiveness of the assistance provided by the
           United Nations, where mandated and commitments of host countries to security sector
           reform and identify potential obstacles to reform, and taking into account the
           comprehensive approach, integrated and coherent efforts of the United Nations in
           security sector reform, where mandated, in order to improve Security Council
           oversight of security sector reform activities;
                (f) Highlight in his regular reports to the Security Council on specific United
           Nations operations, mandated by the Security Council, efforts to support the
           coordination of international support to security sector reform, to include updates on
           support provided by all relevant actors engaged in supporting security sector reform,
           to enhance Security Council oversight of security sector reform activities;
                (g) Encourages, in the context of all phases of UN-supported peace processes
           including during draw-down and exit of peacekeeping operations and special political
           missions, the timely and coordinated support to the transition of security sector
           reform-related activities, and relevant peacebuilding partners, to ensure adequate
           support to national authorities, by the United Nations Country Team and other
           multilateral and bilateral partners;
                 (h) Continue to build on integrated technical guidance notes and related
           training modules, as well as other tools as appropriate, to promote coherent and
           coordinated United Nations support to security sector reform, and develop modalities
           for joint delivery of assistance to national reform efforts and by encouraging the
           allocation of resources for security sector reform efforts of United Nations Country
           Teams and the peacebuilding components of United Nations peacekeeping operations
           and special political missions;

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                     (i) Continue to incorporate security sector governance and reform into
               strategic partnerships such as with the African Union and through existing partnership
               mechanisms as relevant to strengthen the United Nations comprehensive approach to
               security sector reform and foster strategic coherence of efforts, including by
               formalizing partnerships, defining a distribution of responsibilities and integrating
               security sector reform objectives in mission planning and transitions;
                    (j) Strengthen the capacity of senior leadership of United Nations Country
               Teams to absorb relevant peacebuilding functions, including any activities related to
               security sector reform following the drawdown and exit of Security Councilmandated missions;
                    (k) Ensure that assistance related to security sector reform takes into account
               the operation of Security Council-mandated arms embargoes, where applicable,
               including the availability of exemptions to such embargoes specifically in tended to
               support security sector reform;
                     21. Underlines the importance of partnerships and cooperation with regional
               and subregional arrangements and organizations, in accordance with Chapter VIII of
               the United Nations Charter, and in supporting security sector reform, as well as
               fostering greater regional engagement;
                    22. Encourages the Secretary-General to continue to promote cooperation
               between the United Nations and the African Union, consistent with the Joint UN -AU
               Framework for Enhanced Partnership in Peace and Security (2017) and the AU-UN
               Framework for the Implementation of Agenda 2063 and the 2030 Agenda for
               Sustainable Development (2018) in order to strengthen the implementation of its
               continent-wide policy framework for security sector reform, informed by and in
               support of the African Peace and Security Architecture, and further encourages all
               partners to continue to assist the African Union in building its capacities in this regard
               and recognizing the efforts of all international partners in supporting Member States,
               as appropriate, to implement their commitments stemming from regional policies;
                     23. Reiterates the importance of sharing experiences, best practises and
               lessons learned, knowledge and expertise on security sector reform among Member s
               States, and regional and subregional organizations, expert institutions including
               academia and research organizations, and relevant stakeholders including women and
               youth organisations, and in this regard encourages a deepening of South-South
               exchange and cooperation;
                     24. Underscores the importance of women’s equal and effective participation
               in all stages of the security sector reform process, given their vital role in the
               prevention and resolution of conflict and peacebuilding, with the aim of increasi ng
               the participation and representation of women in all security sector institutions, and
               recognizes the need to address specific needs of women and girls formally associated
               with armed forces or groups as well as wives and widows of former combatants, and
               in strengthening civilian protection measures in security services, including the
               provision of adequate training for security personnel, the inclusion of more women
               in the security sector, and effective vetting processes in order to exclude perpetrators
               of sexual violence from the security sector and ensure accountability;
                    25. Requests the Secretary-General to prepare a report to the Security Council
               on his efforts to strengthen the United Nations’ comprehensive approach to security
               sector reform in September 2021 in order to inform the Security Council’s
               deliberation on this matter;
                    26.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2553 (2020) [on security sector reform]

S/75 [10] INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
S/ X Maintenance of international peace and security.

SECURITY SECTOR REFORM|PEACEBUILDING|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|PARTNERSHIP|COORDINATION WITHIN UN SYSTEM


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2554 (2020)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                4 December 2020

               Resolution 2554 (2020)
               Adopted by the Security Council on 4 December 2020

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions concerning the situation in Somalia,
               especially resolutions 1814 (2008), 1816 (2008), 1838 (2008), 1844 (2008), 1846
               (2008), 1851 (2008), 1897 (2009), 1918 (2010), 1950 (2010), 1976 (2011), 2015
               (2011), 2020 (2011), 2077 (2012), 2125 (2013), 2184 (2014), 2246 (2015), 2316
               (2016), 2383 (2017), 2442 (2018), and 2500 (2019), as well as the Statements of its
               President (S/PRST/2010/16) of 25 August 2010 and (S/PRST/2012/24) of
               19 November 2012,
                     Welcoming the report of the Secretary-General (S/2020/1072), as requested by
               resolution 2500 (2019), on the implementation of that resolution and on the situation
               with respect to piracy and armed robbery at sea off the coast of Somalia,
                    Reaffirming its respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, political
               independence, and unity of Somalia, including Somalia’s sovereign rights in
               accordance with international law, with respect to offshore natural resource s,
               including fisheries,
                     Welcoming that there were no successful piracy attacks off the coast of Somalia
               in the prior 12 months, and noting that joint counter-piracy efforts have resulted in a
               steady decline in pirate attacks as well as in hijackings sinc e 2011, with no successful
               ship hijackings for ransom reported off the coast of Somalia since March 2017
               however, recognizing the ongoing threat that resurgent piracy and armed robbery at
               sea poses, noting the letter of 2 December 2020 from the Permanent Representative
               of the Permanent Mission of Somalia to the United Nations requesting international
               assistance to counter piracy off its coast, and recalling reports of the Secretary
               General and communiqués of the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Soma lia
               (CGPCS), which continue to illustrate that piracy off the coast of Somalia has been
               repressed but not eradicated, and commending countries and organizations that have
               deployed naval counter-piracy missions in the region to suppress piracy and protect
               ships transiting through the waters off the coast of Somalia and the region,
                     Reaffirming that international law, as reflected in the United Nations
               Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 (“The Convention”), sets out
               the legal framework within which all activities in the oceans and seas must be carried
               out, including countering piracy and armed robbery at sea,

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                     Recognizing the need and commending the efforts of States, including in
               particular States in the region, to investigate and prosecute not only suspects captured
               at sea, but also anyone who incites or intentionally facilitates piracy operations,
               including key figures of criminal networks involved in piracy including those who
               plan, organize, facilitate or illicitly finance or profit from such attacks, and reiterating
               its concern over persons suspected of piracy having been released without facing
               justice, or released prematurely, reaffirming that the failure to prosecute persons
               responsible for acts of piracy and armed robbery at sea off the coast of Somalia
               undermines anti-piracy efforts,
                     Welcoming the work of the CGPCS and the Law Enforcement Task Force
               (LETF) to facilitate the prosecution of suspected pirates and facilitators, and
               international efforts to coordinate the work of investigators and prosecutors, inter alia,
               through the LETF and collect and share information to disrupt the pirate enterprise,
               as exemplified by INTERPOL’s Global Database on Maritime Piracy, further
               commending the Padang Communique and Maritime Cooperation Declaration
               adopted by the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), and the operationalization of
               the Regional Maritime Information Fusion Center (RMIFC) in Madagascar and
               emphasizing the need for States and international organizations to further enhance
               international efforts in this regard,
                     Welcoming efforts by the CGPCS, the United Nations Office on Drugs and
               Crime (UNODC), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the
               Maritime Security Coordination Committee (MSCC), the financing mechanism
               provided by the Trust Fund to Support Initiatives of States Combating Piracy off the
               Coast of Somalia (the Trust Fund), and donors to strengthen regional judicial and law
               enforcement capacity to investigate, arrest, and prosecute suspected pirates as well as
               those associated with facilitating piracy and to incarcerate those convicted consistent
               with applicable international human rights law, noting with appreciation the
               assistance and capacity-building provided by UNODC Global Maritime Crime
               Programme, the Trust Fund, the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the
               funded Djibouti Code of Conduct, and the European Union Capacity Building
               Mission in Somalia (EUCAP Somalia), and recognizing the need for all engaged
               international and regional organizations to coordinate and cooperate fully,
                     Commending the efforts of the European Union Naval Forces (EUNAVFOR)
               Operation ATALANTA and EUCAP Somalia, Combined Maritime Forces’ Combined
               Task Force 151 (CMF), the counter piracy activities of the African Union onshore in
               Somalia and other States acting in a national capacity in cooperation with Somali
               authorities to suppress piracy and to protect ships transiting through the waters off
               the coast of Somalia, and welcoming the Shared Awareness and Deconfliction
               Initiative (SHADE), and the efforts of individual countries, including China, India,
               Japan, the Republic of Korea, and the Russian Federation, which have deployed naval
               counter-piracy missions in the region,
                     Commending the efforts of the CGPCS and Kenya, which assumed the Chair of
               the CGPCS for the period 2020 to 2022, and despite their work being severely
               restrained due to the COVID-19 pandemic welcoming their efforts to convene a
               successful virtual Friends of the CGPCS Chair meeting, with participants from over
               50 countries as well as regional and international organizations, to update on maritime
               threats and activities off the coast of Somalia and finalise the Terms of Reference for
               the Strategic Planning Steering Group that will develop a strategic plan on future
               priorities of the CGPCS, and explore the possibility of establishing a financial
               mechanism to replace the Trust Fund in consultation with FGS and in line with its
               policies,

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                Underlining the importance of cooperation between the Federal Government of
           Somalia and the Federal Member States in the development of a coast guard in
           Somalia, noting with appreciation the efforts made by the IMO and the shipping
           industry to develop and update guidance, best management practices,
           recommendations to assist ships to prevent and suppress piracy attacks off the coast
           of Somalia, and publishing the fifth version of the Best Management Practices to deter
           Piracy and Enhance Maritime Security in the Red Sea , Gulf of Aden, Indian Ocean
           and the Arabian Sea (BMP5),
                 Reaffirming international condemnation of acts of kidnapping and hostagetaking, including offences contained within the International Convention against the
           Taking of Hostages, and expressing serious concern at the inhumane conditions
           hostages face in captivity, and noting the importance of cooperation between Member
           States on the issue of hostage-taking and the prosecution of suspected pirates for
           taking hostages,
                 Welcoming the readiness of the Federal Government of Somalia and Federal
           Member States to cooperate with each other and with States who have prosecuted
           suspected pirates with a view to enabling convicted pirates to be repatriated back to
           Somalia under suitable prisoner transfer arrangements, consistent with applicable
           international law, including international human rights law, to serve the full terms of
           their sentences, but expresses serious concern regarding the premature release of any
           convicted prisoners returned from Seychelles to So malia and reiterates that sentences
           served must be those passed by the courts of the prosecuting states and that any
           proposal to vary the sentences must be in conformity with agreements with Seychelles
           on the transfer of sentenced persons and consistent with applicable international law,
           including international human rights law,
                 Expressing serious concern over reports of illegal, unreported and unregulated
           fishing (IUU) in Somalia’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), recognizing that IUU
           fishing can contribute to destabilization among coastal communities, and noting the
           complex relationship between IUU fishing and piracy, welcoming Somalia’s
           accession to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)’s Agreement on Port State
           Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated
           Fishing, and the ongoing efforts of the Federal Government of Somalia towards the
           development of a legal regime for the distribution and enforcement of fishing
           licences,
                 Welcoming the release of the three Iranian seafarers from the FV Siraj as a result
           of the efforts of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Hostage Support Partnership
           who were held as hostages inside Somalia in appalling conditions, and appreciating
           the work of the International Seafarers Welfare and Assistance Network (ISWAN),
           the Maritime Piracy Response Programme (MPHRP), and the CGPCS Piracy
           Survivors Family Fund (PSFF) in providing support to victims of piracy and their
           families, and recognizing the need to continue supporting these initiatives a nd
           contributions to funds,
                 Emphasizing that peace and stability within Somalia, the strengthening of State
           institutions, economic and social development, and respect for human rights and the
           rule of law are necessary to create the conditions for a durabl e eradication of piracy
           and armed robbery at sea off the coast of Somalia, and further emphasizing that
           Somalia’s long-term security rests with the effective development by Somali
           authorities of the Somali Coast Guard and Maritime Police Units, Somali Nati onal
           Army, and Somali Police Force,
                Determining that the incidents of piracy and armed robbery at sea off the coast
           of Somalia, as well as the activity of pirate groups in Somalia, are an important factor

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               exacerbating the situation in Somalia, which continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                    1.    Reiterates that it condemns and deplores all acts of piracy and armed
               robbery at sea off the coast of Somalia;
                     2.     While noting improvements in Somalia, recognizes that piracy exacerbates
               instability in Somalia by introducing large amounts of illicit cash that fuels additional
               crime, corruption, and terrorism;
                     3.   Stresses the need for a comprehensive response to prevent and suppress
               piracy and tackle its underlying causes by the international community in
               collaboration with Somali authorities and other relevant actors, and encourages
               Member States to continue to cooperate with Somali authorities in the fight against
               piracy and armed robbery at sea, without impeding the exercise of high seas freedoms
               or other navigational rights and freedoms by ships of any State, consistent with
               international law, as reflected in UNCLOS;
                    4.     Underlines the primary responsibility of the Somali authorities in the fight
               against piracy and armed robbery at sea off the coast of Somalia, values the recent
               launch of the Department of Somali Maritime Administration, and welcomes the
               National Maritime Coordination Committee (NMCC) meeting convened by the FGS
               to initiate a mapping process of all maritime activities, including international
               support;
                     5.   Recognizes the need to continue investigating and prosecuting those who
               plan, organize, illicitly finance or profit from pirate attacks off the coast of Somalia,
               including key figures of criminal networks involved in piracy, and to develop the
               capacity of Somali authorities to investigate and prosecute such persons, and the
               capacity of Somalia’s Financial Intelligence Unit to identify ill icit financial activity
               and support the prosecution of pirate financiers, and urges States, working in
               conjunction with relevant international organizations, to adopt legislation to facilitate
               prosecution of suspected pirates off the coast of Somalia;
                    6.    Calls upon the Somali authorities to interdict, and upon interdiction to
               have mechanisms in place to safely return effects seized by pirates, investigate and
               prosecute pirates and to patrol the waters off the coast of Somalia to prevent and
               suppress acts of piracy and armed robbery at sea;
                     7.   Calls upon the Somali authorities to make all efforts to bring to justice
               those who are using Somali territory to plan, facilitate, or undertake criminal acts of
               piracy and armed robbery at sea, and calls upon Membe r States to assist Somalia, at
               the request of Somali authorities and with notification to the Secretary -General, to
               strengthen maritime capacity in Somalia, including regional authorities and, stresses
               that any measures undertaken pursuant to this paragraph shall be consistent with
               applicable international law, in particular international human rights law;
                    8.     Encourages the Federal Government of Somalia to accede to the United
               Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, and develop a
               corresponding legal architecture as part of its efforts to target money laundering and
               financial support structures on which piracy networks survive;
                    9.    Calls upon States to cooperate, as appropriate, on the issue of hostage
               taking, and the prosecution of suspected pirates for taking hostages;
                    10. Recognizes the need for Member States, international and regional
               organizations, and other appropriate partners to exchange evidence and information
               for anti-piracy law enforcement purposes with a view to ensuring effective arrest,

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           prosecution of suspected, and imprisonment of convicted pirates and key figures of
           criminal networks involved in piracy who plan, organize, facilitate, or illicitly finance
           and profit from piracy operations, and keeps under review the possi bility of applying
           targeted sanctions against individuals or entities that plan, organize, facilitate, or
           illicitly finance or profit from piracy operations if they meet the listing criteria set out
           in paragraph 43 of resolution 2093 (2013), and calls upon all States to cooperate fully
           with the Panel of Experts on Somalia, including on information -sharing regarding
           possible violations of the arms embargo or charcoal ban;
                11. Recognizes the importance of capacity building and request donors to
           consider providing support to reinforce Somalia’s national coast guard capacities
           through Human Resources development, training, equipping and building of coastal
           guard stations;
                 12. Renews its call upon States and regional organizations that are able to do
           so to take part in the fight against piracy and armed robbery at sea off the coast of
           Somalia, in particular, consistent with this resolution and international law, by
           deploying naval vessels, arms, and military aircraft, by providing basing and
           logistical support for counter-piracy forces, and by seizing and disposing of boats,
           vessels, arms, and other related equipment used in the commission of piracy and
           armed robbery at sea off the coast of Somalia, or for which there are reasonable
           grounds for suspecting such use;
                 13. Highlights the importance of coordination among Member states and
           international organizations in order to deter acts of piracy and armed robbery at sea
           off the coast of Somalia, commends the work of the CGPCS to facilitate such
           coordination in cooperation with the IMO, flag States, and Somali authorities,
           encourages the full participation of Somalia in all coordination efforts and urges
           continued support of these efforts;
                 14. Decides that, for a further period of 12 months from the date of this
           resolution to renew the authorizations as set out in paragraph 14 of resolution 2500
           (2019) granted to States and regional organizations cooperating with Somali
           authorities in the fight against piracy and armed robbery at sea off the coast of
           Somalia, for which advance notification has been provided by Somali authorities to
           the Secretary-General;
                15. Affirms that the authorizations renewed in this resolution apply only with
           respect to the situation in Somalia and shall not affect the rights, obligations, or
           responsibilities of Member States under international law, including any rights or
           obligations under The Convention, with respect to any other situation, and
           underscores in particular that this resolution shall not be considered as establishing
           customary international law; and affirms further that such authorizations have been
           renewed in response to the 2 December 2020 letter conveying the request of Somali
           authorities;
                 16. Decides that the arms embargo on Somalia imposed by paragraph 5 of
           resolution 733 (1992) and further elaborated upon by paragraphs 1 and 2 of resolution
           1425 (2002) and modified by paragraphs 33 to 38 of resolution 2093 does not apply
           to supplies of weapons and military equipment or the provision of assistance destined
           for the sole use of Member States, international, regional, and sub-regional
           organizations undertaking measures in accordance with paragraph 14 above, as most
           recently reaffirmed by OP 19(b) of resolution 2551 (2020);
                 17. Calls upon all States to take appropriate actions under their existing
           domestic law, or develop legislative processes, to prevent the illicit financing of acts
           of piracy and the laundering of its proceeds;

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                     18. Calls upon all States, and in particular flag, port, and coastal States, States
               of the nationality of victims and perpetrators of piracy and armed robbery, and other
               States with relevant jurisdiction under international law and national legislation, to
               cooperate in determining jurisdiction, to criminalize piracy under their domestic law,
               and to favourably consider the prosecution of suspected, and imprisonment of those
               convicted, pirates apprehended off the coast of Somalia, and their facilitators and
               financiers ashore, decides to keep these matters under r eview, including, as
               appropriate, the establishment of specialized anti-piracy courts in Somalia with
               substantial international participation and/or support as set forth in resolution 2015
               (2011), and encourages the CGPCS to continue its discussions in this regard;
                     19. Further calls upon all States to cooperate in the investigation and
               prosecution of all persons responsible for or associated with acts of piracy and armed
               robbery off the coast of Somalia, including international criminal networks involved
               in piracy who plan, organize, facilitate, or illicitly finance or profit from such attack,
               consistent with applicable international law including international human rights law;
               to ensure that all pirates handed over to judicial authorities are subject to a judicial
               process, and to render assistance by, among other actions, providing disposition and
               logistics assistance with respect to persons under their jurisdiction and control, such
               as victims, witnesses, and persons detained as a result of operations conducted under
               this resolution;
                    20. Urges all States to ensure that counter-piracy activities, particularly landbased activities, take into consideration the need to protect women and children from
               exploitation, including sexual exploitation;
                    21. Urges all States to share information with INTERPOL for use in the global
               piracy database, through appropriate channels;
                    22. Welcomes the UNODC Global Maritime Crime Programme’s continued
               work with authorities in Somalia and in neighbouring States to ensure that individuals
               suspected of piracy are prosecuted and those convicted are imprisoned in a manner
               consistent with applicable international law, including international human rights law,
               and welcomes the work of international and regional organizations to strengthen the
               capacity of financial intelligence units in Somalia and neighbouring states;
                    23. Recognizes the successful prosecution of piracy cases by Seychelles and
               implores regional authorities to honour transfer agreements;
                    24. Urges States parties to The Convention and the 1988 Convention for the
               Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Maritime Navigation (SUA
               Convention) and its protocols to implement fully their relevant obligations under
               these conventions and customary international law and to cooperate with the
               UNODC, IMO, and other States and international organizations to build judicial
               capacity for the successful prosecution of persons suspected of piracy and armed
               robbery at sea off the coast of Somalia;
                     25. Acknowledges the recommendations and guidance provided by the IMO
               on preventing and suppressing piracy and armed robbery at sea; and urges States, in
               collaboration with the shipping and insurance industries and the IMO, to continue to
               develop and implement avoidance, evasion, and defensive best practices and
               advisories to take when under attack or when sailing in the waters off the coast of
               Somalia, and further urges States to make their citizens and vessels available for
               forensic investigation as appropriate at the first suitable port of call immediately
               following an act or attempted act of piracy or armed robbery at sea or release from
               captivity;
                    26. Welcomes and encourages efforts by flag States and port States to further
               consider the development of safety and security measures on board vessels, including,

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           where applicable, developing regulations for the use of privately contracted armed
           security personnel (PCASP) on board ships, aimed at preventing and suppressing
           piracy off the coast of Somalia, through a consultative process, including through the
           IMO and ISO;
                 27. Invites the IMO to continue its contributions to the prevention and
           suppression of acts of piracy and armed robbery against ships, in coordination, in
           particular, with the UNODC, the World Food Program (WFP), the shipping industry,
           and all other parties concerned, and recognizes the IMO’s role concerning privately
           contracted armed security personnel on board ships in high-risk areas;
                 28. Notes the importance of securing the safe delivery of WFP assistance by
           sea, and welcomes the ongoing work by the WFP, EUNAVFOR Operation Atalanta,
           and flag States with regard to Vessel Protection Detac hments on WFP vessels;
                 29. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Security Council within
           eleven months of the adoption of this resolution on the implementation of this
           resolution and on the situation with respect to piracy and armed robbery at sea off the
           coast of Somalia, including assessment of National Coast Guard capabilities as well
           as voluntary reports by cooperating States and regional organizations;
                30. Expresses its intention to review the situation and consider, as appropriate,
           renewing the authorizations provided in paragraph 14 above for additional periods
           upon the request of Somali authority;
                31.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2554 (2020) [on piracy and armed robbery at sea off the coast of Somalia]

S/75 [84] SOMALIA SITUATION
S/ X The situation in Somalia.

IMO|INTERPOL|UN Office on Drugs and Crime|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|MARITIME SECURITY|HIJACKING OF SHIPS|PIRACY|SOMALIA|SOMALIA SITUATION|ARMS EMBARGO|CRIME PREVENTION|INTER-AGENCY COOPERATION

Eastern Asia|Eastern Europe|Southern Asia|Sub-Saharan Africa

China|Djibouti|India|Iran, Islamic Republic of|Japan|Kenya|Korea, Republic of|Madagascar|Russian Federation|Somalia|Seychelles


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2557 (2020)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                18 December 2020

               Resolution 2557 (2020)
               Adopted by the Security Council on 18 December 2020

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions on international terrorism and the threat it
               poses to Afghanistan, in particular its resolutions 1267 (1999), 1333 (2000), 1363
               (2001), 1373 (2001), 1390 (2002), 1452 (2002), 1455 (2003), 1526 (2004), 1566
               (2004), 1617 (2005), 1624 (2005), 1699 (2006), 1730 (2006), 1735 (2006), 1822
               (2008), 1904 (2009), 1988 (2011), 1989 (2011), 2082 (2012), 2083 (2012), 2133
               (2014), 2160 (2014), 2255 (2015), 2501 (2019), and 2513 (2020) and the relevant
               statements of its President,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and national unity of Afghanistan,
                    Reaffirming its support for a peaceful, stable, and prosperous Afghanistan,
                      Emphasizing its serious concern about the security situation in Afghanistan,
               including ongoing violent activities by the Taliban and associated groups, including
               the Haqqani Network, and ongoing terrorist activities by Al-Qaida, ISIL, and their
               affiliates,
                    Reiterating its support for the fight against illicit production and trafficking of
               drugs from, and its support for the fight against illicit production and tr afficking of
               drugs from, and chemical precursors to, Afghanistan, acknowledging that illicit
               proceeds of the drug trafficking significantly contribute to the financial resources of
               the Taliban and its associates, and recognizing the threats that the Taliba n, illegal
               armed groups and criminals involved in narcotics trade, and illicit exploitation of
               natural resources, continue to pose to the security and stability of Afghanistan,
                    Urging an immediate reduction in violence leading to a ceasefire to create an
               environment conducive to peace negotiations,
                     Reiterating the need to ensure that the present sanctions regime contributes
               effectively to ongoing efforts to advance reconciliation to bring about peace, stability,
               and security in Afghanistan, including the importance of the sanctions review in full
               accordance with resolution 2513,
                     Welcoming efforts by the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan and the Taliban in
               facilitating intra-Afghan negotiations in Doha, Qatar, on 12 September 2020, and
               encouraging the parties to make rapid progress on a permanent and comprehensive

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               ceasefire, and a political settlement that ends the conflict in Afghanistan and ensures
               that Afghanistan is never again a safe haven for international terrorism,
                     Recognizing that, notwithstanding accelerated efforts to make progress toward
               reconciliation, the situation in Afghanistan remains a threat to international peace and
               security, and reaffirming the need to combat this threat by all means, in accordance
               with the Charter of the United Nations and international law, including applicable
               human rights, refugee and humanitarian law, stressing in this regard the important
               role the United Nations plays in this effort,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

               Measures
                     1.    Decides that all States shall continue to take the measures required by
               paragraph 1 of resolution 2255 with respect to individuals and entities designated
               prior to the date of adoption of resolution 1988 (2011) as the Taliban, as well as other
               individuals, groups, undertakings and entities associated with the Taliban in
               constituting a threat to the peace, stability and security of Afghanistan as designated
               by the Committee established in paragraph 35 of resolution 1988 (“the Committee”)
               in the 1988 Sanction List (“the List”);
                     2.    Decides, in order to assist the Committee in fulfilling its mandate, that the
               1267/1988 Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team (Monitoring Team),
               established pursuant to paragraph 7 of resolution 1526 (2004), shall continue to
               support the Committee for a period of twelve months from the date of expiration of
               the current mandate in December 2020, with the mandate set forth in the annex to this
               resolution, and further requests the Secretary-General to make the necessary
               arrangements to this effect, and highlights the importance of ensuring that the
               Monitoring Team receives the necessary administrative and substantive support to
               effectively, safely and in a timely manner fulfil its mandate, including with regard to
               duty of care in high risk environments, under the direction of the Committee, a
               subsidiary organ of the Security Council;
                    3.    Directs the Monitoring Team to gather information on instances of
               non-compliance with the measures imposed in resolution 2255 (2015) and to keep the
               Committee informed of such instances, as well as to facilitate, upon request by
               Member States, assistance on capacity-building, encourages Committee members to
               address issues of non-compliance and bring them to the attention of the Monitoring
               Team or the Committee, and further directs the Monitoring Team to provide
               recommendations to the Committee on actions taken to respond to non -compliance;
                     4.     Decides to actively review the implementation of the measures outlined in
               this resolution and to consider adjustments, as necessary, to support peace and
               stability in Afghanistan;
                    5.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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           Annex

                In accordance with paragraph 3 of this resolution, the Monitoring Team shall
           operate under the direction of the Committee and shall have the following
           responsibilities:
                (a) To submit, in writing, an annual comprehensive, independent report to the
           Committee, on implementation by Member States of the measures referred to in
           paragraph 1 of this resolution, including specific recommendations for improved
           implementation of the measures and possible new measures;
                (b) To assist the Committee in regularly reviewing names on the List,
           including by undertaking travel on behalf of the Committee as a subsidiary organ of
           the Security Council and contact with Member States, with a view to developing the
           Committee’s record of the facts and circumstances relating to a listing;
                (c) To assist the Committee in following up on requests to Member States for
           information, including with respect to implementation of the measures referred to in
           paragraph 1 of this resolution;
                 (d) To submit a comprehensive programme of work to the Committee for its
           review and approval, as necessary, in which the Monitoring Team should detail the
           activities envisaged in order to fulfil its responsibilities, including proposed travel on
           behalf of the Committee;
                (e) To gather information on behalf of the Committee on instances of reported
           non-compliance with the measures referred to in paragraph 1 of this resolution,
           including by, but not limited to, collating information from Member States and
           engaging with related parties, pursuing case studies, both on its own initiative and
           upon the Committee’s request, and to provide recommendations to the Committee on
           such cases of non-compliance for its review;
                (f) To present to the Committee recommendations, which could be used by
           Member States to assist them with the implementation of the measures referred to in
           paragraph 1 of this resolution and in preparing proposed additions to the List;
                 (g) To assist the Committee in its consideration of proposals for listing,
           including by compiling and circulating to the Committee information relevant to the
           proposed listing, and preparing a draft narrative summary referred to in paragraph 26
           of resolution 2255 (2015);
                 (h) To bring to the Committee’s attention new or noteworthy circumstances
           that may warrant a delisting, such as publicly reported information on a deceased
           individual;
                 (i) To consult with Member States in advance of travel to selected Member
           States, based on its programme of work as approved by the Committee;
                (j) To encourage Member States to submit names and additional identifying
           information for inclusion on the List, as instructed by the Committee;
                (k) To consult with the Committee, the Government of Afghanistan, or any
           relevant Member States, as appropriate, when identifying individuals or entities that
           could be added to, or removed from, the List;
                 (l) To present to the Committee additional identifying and other information
           to assist the Committee in its efforts to keep the List as updated and accurate as
           possible;
                (m) To collate, assess, monitor and report on and make recommendations
           regarding implementation of the measures, including by key Afghan government

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               institutions and any capacity assistance requirements; to pursue case studies, as
               appropriate; and to explore in depth any other relevant issues as directed by the
               Committee;
                     (n) To consult with Member States and other relevant organizations and
               bodies, including United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) and
               other United Nations agencies, and engage in regular dialogue with representatives in
               New York and in capitals, taking into account their comments, especially regarding
               any issues that might be reflected in the Monitoring Team’s reports referred to in
               paragraph (a) of this annex;
                     (o) To cooperate closely with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
               (UNODC) and engage in a regular dialogue with Member States and other relevant
               organizations, including the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the Collective
               Security Treaty Organization, and the Combined Maritime Forces, on the nexus
               between narcotics trafficking and those individuals, groups, undertakings, and entities
               eligible for listing under paragraph 1 of resolution 2255 (2015), and report as
               requested by the Committee;
                     (p) To provide an update to the special report of the Monitoring Team pursuant
               to resolution 2160 (2014) Annex (p), as part of its regular comprehensive report ;
                     (q) To consult with Member States’ intelligence and security services,
               including through regional forums, in order to facilitate the sharing of information
               and to strengthen enforcement of the measures;
                     (r) To consult with relevant representatives of the private sector, including
               financial institutions, to learn about the practical implementation of the assets freeze
               and to develop recommendations for the strengthening of that measure;
                     (s) To cooperate closely with the ISIL and Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee
               established pursuant to resolutions 1267 (1999) and 1989 (2011) and other relevant
               United Nations counter-terrorism bodies in providing information on the measures
               taken by Member States on kidnapping and hostage-taking for ransom and on relevant
               trends and developments in this area;
                     (t) To consult with the Government of Afghanistan, Member States, relevant
               representatives of the private sector, including financial institutions and relevant
               non-financial businesses and professions, and with relevant international
               organizations, including the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and its regional
               bodies, to raise awareness of the sanctions and to assist in the implementation of the
               measures in accordance with FATF Recommendation 6 on asset freezing and its
               related guidance;
                     (u) To consult with the Government of Afghanistan, Member States, relevant
               representatives of the private sector and other international organizations, including
               International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the International Air Transport
               Association (IATA), the World Customs Organization (WCO), and INTERPOL to
               raise awareness of and learn about the practical implementation of the travel ban,
               including the use of advanced passenger information provided by civil aircraft
               operators to Member States, and assets freeze and to develop recommendations for
               the strengthening of the implementation of these measures;
                     (v) To consult with the Government of Afghanistan, Member States,
               international and regional organizations and relevant representatives of the private
               sector on the threat posed by improvised explosive devices (IEDs) to peace, security
               and stability in Afghanistan, to raise awareness of the threat and to develop, in line
               with their responsibilities under paragraph (a) of this annex, recommendations for
               appropriate measures, to counter this threat;

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               (w) To work with relevant international and regional organizations in order to
           promote awareness of, and compliance with, the measures;
                (x) To cooperate with INTERPOL and Member States to obtain photographs,
           physical descriptions and, in accordance with their national legislation, other
           biometric and biographic data of listed individuals when available for inclusion in
           INTERPOL-United Nations Security Council Special Notices and to exchange
           information on emerging threats;
                 (y) To assist other subsidiary bodies of the Security Council, and their expert
           panels, upon request, with enhancing their cooperation with INTERPOL, referred to
           in resolution 1699 (2006);
                (z) To assist the Committee in facilitating assistance in capacity -building for
           enhancing implementation of the measures, upon request by Member States;
                (aa) To report to the Committee, on a regular basis or when the Committee so
           requests, through oral and/or written briefings on the work of the Monitoring Team,
           including its visits to Member States and its activities;
                 (bb) To study and report to the Committee on the current nature of the threat of
           individuals, groups, undertakings and entities associated with the Taliban, in
           constituting a threat to the peace, stability and security of Afghanistan and the best
           measures to confront it, including by developing a dialogue with relevant scholars,
           academic bodies and experts according to the priorities identified by the Committee;
                (cc) To gather information, including from the Government of Afghanistan and
           relevant Member States, on travel that takes place under a granted exemption,
           pursuant to paragraph 20 of resolution 2255 (2015), and to report to the Committee,
           as appropriate; and
                (dd) Any other responsibility identified by the Committee.

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S/75 [31] TERRORISM
S/75 [46] AFGHANISTAN SITUATION
S/75 [10] INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
S/ X Threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts.

Taliban (Afghanistan)|UN. Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 1988 (2011)|UN. Security Council. Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team Established pursuant to Resolution 1526 (2004)|Al-Qaida Sanctions List|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|SANCTIONS|TERRORISM|COUNTER-TERRORISM|AFGHANISTAN SITUATION|SANCTIONS COMPLIANCE