               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2085 (2012)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                20 December 2012

               Resolution 2085 (2012)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 6898th meeting, on
               20 December 2012

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolutions 2056 (2012) and 2071 (2012), its Presidential
               Statements of 26 March 2012 (S/PRST/2012/7), 4 April 2012 (S/PRST/2012/9) as
               well as its Press Statements of 22 March 2012, 9 April 2012, 18 June 2012,
               10 August 2012, 21 September 2012, 11 December 2012 on Mali,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, unity and territorial
               integrity of Mali,
                     Emphasizing that the situation and entrenchment of terrorist groups and
               criminal networks in the north of Mali continue to pose a serious and urgent threat
               to the population throughout Mali, and to the stability in the Sahel region, the wider
               African region and the international community as a whole,
                     Condemning strongly the continued interference of members of the Malian
               Defence and Security Forces in the work of the Transitional authorities of Mali,
               stressing the need to work expeditiously toward the restoration of democratic
               governance and constitutional order in Mali and taking note of the on-going efforts
               of the Secretary-General, including through the Special Representative of the
               Secretary-General for West Africa, to assist the Transitional authorities of Mali in
               developing a roadmap for the electoral process and national dialogue,
                     Remaining seriously concerned over the insecurity and the significant ongoing
               humanitarian crisis in the Sahel region, which is further complicated by the presence
               of armed groups, including separatist movements, terrorist and criminal networks,
               and their increased activities, as well as the continued proliferation of weapons from
               within and outside the region that threaten peace, security, and stability of States in
               this region,
                     Condemning strongly all abuses of human rights in the north of Mali by armed
               rebels, terrorist and other extremist groups, including those involving violence
               against civilians, notably women and children, killings, hostage-taking, pillaging,
               theft, destruction of cultural and religious sites and recruitment of child soldiers,
               reiterating that some of such acts may amount to crimes under the Rome Statute and
               that their perpetrators must be held accountable and noting that the Transitional
               authorities of Mali referred the situation in Mali since January 2012 to the
               International Criminal Court on 13 July 2012,

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                      Recalling the letter of the Transitional authorities of Mali dated 18 September
                2012 addressed to the Secretary-General, requesting the authorization of
                deployment through a Security Council resolution, under Chapter VII as provided
                by the United Nations Charter, of an international military force to assist the Armed
                Forces of Mali to recover the occupied regions in the north of Mali and recalling
                also the letter of the Transitional authorities of Mali dated 12 October 2012
                addressed to the Secretary-General, stressing the need to support, including through
                such an international military force, the national and international efforts to bring to
                justice the perpetrators of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in the
                north of Mali,
                      Taking note of the endorsement of the Strategic Concept for the Resolution of
                the Crisis in Mali at the second meeting of the Support and Follow-Up Group on the
                Situation in Mali in Bamako on 19 October 2012, attended by ECOWAS Member
                States, countries of the region and other international partners, as well as its
                adoption by the African Union Peace and Security Council on 24 October 2012,
                     Taking note of the final communiqué of the Extraordinary Session of the
                authority of ECOWAS Heads of State and Government held in Abuja on
                11 November 2012 and of the subsequent communiqué of the African Union Peace
                and Security Council on 13 November 2012 endorsing the Joint Strategic Concept
                of Operations for the International Military Force and the Malian Defence and
                Security forces,
                     Welcoming the appointment of Romano Prodi as Special Envoy of the
                Secretary General for the Sahel, as well as the appointment of Pierre Buyoya as
                High Representative of the African Union for Mali and the Sahel and encouraging
                them to work in close coordination with the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for West Africa and the ECOWAS mediator,
                     Welcoming the efforts of the ECOWAS-led mediation, with the support of the
                Special Representative of the Secretary-General for West Africa, the Organization of
                Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and neighbouring countries of Mali,
                     Taking note of the Secretary-General’s report on Mali dated 28 November
                2012 (S/2012/894) for continued action on the political and security tracks and a
                comprehensive solution to the crisis affecting Mali,
                      Emphasizing that the Malian authorities have primary responsibility for
                resolving the inter-linked crises facing the country and that any sustainable solution
                to the crisis in Mali should be Malian-led,
                      Encouraging the international community to provide support to resolve the
                crisis in Mali through coordinated actions for immediate and long-term needs,
                encompassing security, development and humanitarian issues,
                     Determining that the situation in Mali constitutes a threat to international
                peace and security,
                     Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

           I.   Political process
                      1.    Urges the transitional authorities of Mali, consistent with the Framework
                agreement of 6 April 2012 signed under the auspices of ECOWAS, to finalize a
                transitional roadmap through broad-based and inclusive political dialogue, to fully

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                 restore constitutional order and national unity, including through the holding of
                 peaceful, credible and inclusive presidential and legislative elections, in accordance
                 with the agreement mentioned above which calls for elections by April 2013 or as
                 soon as technically possible, requests the Secretary-General, in close coordination
                 with ECOWAS and the African Union, to continue to assist the transitional
                 authorities of Mali in the preparation of such a roadmap, including the conduct of an
                 electoral process based on consensually established ground rules and further urges
                 the transitional authorities of Mali to ensure its timely implementation;
                       2.   Demands that Malian rebel groups cut off all ties to terrorist
                 organizations, notably Al-Qaida in Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) and associated groups,
                 and take concrete and visible steps to this effect, takes note of the listing of
                 Movement of Unity and Jihad in Western Africa (MUJWA) on the Al-Qaida
                 sanctions list established and maintained by the Committee pursuant to resolutions
                 1267 (1999) and 1989 (2011) and further reiterates its readiness to continue to
                 adopt further targeted sanctions, under the above-mentioned regime, against those
                 rebel groups and individuals who do not cut off all ties to al-Qaida and associated
                 groups, including AQIM and MUJWA;
                       3.   Urges the transitional authorities of Mali to expeditiously put in place a
                 credible framework for negotiations with all parties in the north of Mali who have
                 cut off all ties to terrorist organizations, notably AQIM and associated groups
                 including MUJWA, and who recognize, without conditions, the unity and territorial
                 integrity of the Malian State, and with a view to addressing the long-standing
                 concerns of communities in the north of Mali, and requests the Secretary-General,
                 through his Special Representative for West Africa, in coordination with the
                 ECOWAS Mediator and the High Representative of the African Union for Mali and
                 the Sahel, and the OIC, to take appropriate steps to assist the transitional authorities
                 of Mali to enhance their mediation capacity and to facilitate and strengthen such a
                 dialogue;
                       4.    Condemns the circumstances that led to the resignation of the Prime
                 Minister and the dismissal of the Government on 11 December 2012, reiterates its
                 demand that no member of the Malian Armed Forces should interfere in the work of
                 the Transitional authorities and expresses its readiness to consider appropriate
                 measures, as necessary, against those who take action that undermines the peace,
                 stability, and security, including those who prevent the implementation of the
                 constitutional order in Mali;
                       5.   Calls upon all Member States to implement their obligations pursuant to
                 resolution 1989 (2011) and 2083 (2012) and strongly condemns incidents of
                 kidnapping and hostage taking by Al-Qaida in Mali and across the Sahel region with
                 the aim of raising funds or gaining political concessions;

           II.   Security process
                 Training of Malian forces
                       6.   Emphasises that the consolidation and redeployment of the Malian
                 Defence and Security forces throughout the Malian territory is vital to ensure Mali’s
                 long term security and stability and to protect the people of Mali;
                       7.   Urges Member States, regional and international organizations to provide
                 coordinated assistance, expertise, training, including on human rights and
                 international humanitarian law, and capacity-building support to the Malian Defence

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               and Security Forces, consistent with their domestic requirements, in order to restore
               the authority of the State of Mali over its entire national territory, to uphold the
               unity and territorial integrity of Mali and to reduce the threat posed by terrorist
               organizations and associated groups, further invites them to regularly inform the
               Secretariat of their contributions;
                    8.    Takes note of the commitment of Member States and international
               organizations to the rebuilding of the capacities of the Malian Defence and Security
               forces, including the planned deployment by the European Union of a military
               mission to Mali to provide military training and advice to the Malian Defence and
               Security Forces;

               Deployment of AFISMA
                     9.     Decides to authorize the deployment of an African-led International
               Support Mission in Mali (AFISMA) for an initial period of one year, which shall
               take all necessary measures, in compliance with applicable international
               humanitarian law and human rights law and in full respect of the sovereignty,
               territorial integrity and unity of Mali to carry out the following tasks:
                     (a) To contribute to the rebuilding of the capacity of the Malian Defence and
               Security Forces, in close coordination with other international partners involved in
               this process, including the European Union and other Member States;
                     (b) To support the Malian authorities in recovering the areas in the north of
               its territory under the control of terrorist, extremist and armed groups and in
               reducing the threat posed by terrorist organizations, including AQIM, MUJWA and
               associated extremist groups, while taking appropriate measures to reduce the impact
               of military action upon the civilian population;
                    (c) To transition to stabilisation activities to support the Malian authorities in
               maintaining security and consolidate State authority through appropriate capacities;
                    (d) To support the Malian authorities in their primary responsibility to
               protect the population;
                     (e) To support the Malian authorities to create a secure environment for the
               civilian-led delivery of humanitarian assistance and the voluntary return of
               internally displaced persons and refugees, as requested, within its capabilities and in
               close coordination with humanitarian actors;
                     (f) To protect its personnel, facilities, premises, equipment and mission and
               to ensure the security and movement of its personnel;
                    10. Requests the African Union, in close coordination with ECOWAS, the
               Secretary-General and other international organizations and bilateral partners
               involved in the Malian crisis, to report to the Security Council every 60 days on the
               deployment and activities of AFISMA, including, before the commencement of
               offensive operations in the north of Mali, on: (i) the progress in the political process
               in Mali, including the roadmap for the restoration of constitutional order and
               negotiations between the Malian authorities and all parties in the north of Mali who
               have cut off all ties to terrorist organizations; (ii) the effective training of military
               and police units of both AFISMA and the Malian defence and security forces in their
               obligations under international human rights, humanitarian and refugee law; (iii) the
               operational readiness of AFISMA, including the level of staffing leadership and
               equipment of the units, their operational adaptation to the climate and terrain

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           conditions and ability to conduct joint armed operations with logistical, air and
           ground fire support; (iv) the efficiency of the chain of command of AFISMA,
           including its interaction with that of the Malian Defence and Security Forces and
           further expresses its willingness to monitor closely these benchmarks before the
           commencement of offensive operations in the north of Mali;
                 11. Emphasizes that the military planning will need to be further refined
           before the commencement of the offensive operation and requests that the
           Secretary-General, in close coordination with Mali, ECOWAS, the African Union,
           the neighbouring countries of Mali, other countries in the region and all other
           interested bilateral partners and international organizations, continue to support the
           planning and the preparations for the deployment of AFISMA, regularly inform the
           Council of the progress of the process, and requests that the Secretary-General also
           confirm in advance the Council’s satisfaction with the planned military offensive
           operation;
                 12. Requests the Secretary-General to provide, as and when requested by the
           Malian authorities, support in critical areas that will be required to accompany or
           follow a military operation in the north of Mali, with respect to the extension of the
           Malian State authority, including rule of law and security institutions, mine action,
           promotion of national dialogue, regional cooperation, security sector reform, human
           rights and the initial demobilization, disarmament and reintegration of former
           combatants;

           International support
                13. Calls upon Member States, including from the Sahel region, to contribute
           troops to AFISMA in order to enable AFISMA to fulfil its mandate, welcomes the
           troop contributions already pledged by ECOWAS countries and further encourages
           Member States to cooperate closely with the African Union, ECOWAS, the United
           Nations, countries contributing troops and other donors to this end;
                14. Urges Member States, regional and international organizations to provide
           coordinated support to AFISMA, including military training, provision of
           equipment, intelligence, logistical support and any necessary assistance in efforts to
           reduce the threat posed by terrorist organizations, including AQIM, MUJWA and
           associated extremist groups in accordance with paragraph 9 (b), in close
           coordination with AFISMA and the Malian authorities;
                 15. Calls upon the transitional authorities of Mali and all other parties in
           Mali to cooperate fully with the deployment and operations of AFISMA, in
           particular by ensuring its safety, security and freedom of movement with unhindered
           and immediate access throughout the territory of Mali to enable it to fully carry out
           its mandate and further calls upon neighbouring countries of Mali to take
           appropriate measures to support the implementation of AFISMA mandate;
                 16. Demands that all parties in Mali take appropriate steps to ensure the
           safety and security of humanitarian personnel and supplies, and further demands
           that all parties in Mali ensure safe and unhindered access for the delivery of
           humanitarian aid to persons in need of assistance across Mali, consistent with
           international humanitarian, human rights and refugee law and the guiding principles
           of humanitarian assistance;

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               Human rights
                     17. Emphasizes that the Malian authorities have primary responsibility to
               protect civilians in Mali, further recalls its resolutions 1674 (2006), 1738 (2006)
               and 1894 (2009) on the protection of civilians in armed conflict, its resolutions 1612
               (2005), 1882 (2009) and 1998 (2010) on Children And Armed Conflict and its
               resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009), and 1960 (2010)
               on Women, Peace and Security, and calls upon all military forces in Mali to take
               them into account;
                     18. Emphasizes that any support provided by the United Nations, regional
               and subregional organizations and Member States in the context of the military
               operation in Mali shall be consistent with international humanitarian and human
               rights law and refugee law, further requests the Secretary-General to ensure the
               relevant capacity within the United Nations presence as referred to in paragraph 23
               below in order to observe adherence to international humanitarian and human rights
               law with regards to military operations in the north of Mali and include in his
               regular reports to the Security Council, as referred to in paragraph 24 below, the
               situation of civilians in the north of Mali and any violation of human rights law,
               international humanitarian law and refugee law in the north of Mali, as well as to
               advise on ways to mitigate any adverse impact of military operations on the civilian
               population, including on women and children;
                     19. Calls upon AFISMA, consistent with its mandate, to support national and
               international efforts, including those of the International Criminal Court, to bring to
               justice perpetrators of serious human rights abuses and violations of international
               humanitarian law in Mali;

               Funding
                    20. Calls upon Member States and international organisations, to provide
               financial support and contributions in kind to AFISMA to enable its deployment and
               implementation of its mandate and welcomes the willingness of the European Union
               to provide such financial support to AFISMA through the mobilization of the
               African Peace Facility;
                     21. Expresses its intention to consider the provision of a voluntary and a
               United Nations-funded logistics support packages to AFISMA, including equipment
               and services for an initial period of one year, takes note of the letter of the
               Secretary-General (S/2012/926) on the possible deployment of a logistics support
               package to AFISMA and on the support financial costs and, to this effect, requests
               the Secretary-General, in coordination with the African Union, ECOWAS and the
               Malian authorities, to further develop and refine options within 30 days of the
               adoption of this resolution for such a voluntary and a United Nations-funded
               logistics support packages, including detailed recommendations for a swift,
               transparent and effective implementation;
                     22. Requests the Secretary-General to establish a trust fund through which
               Member States can provide earmarked and/or non-earmarked financial support to
               AFISMA and/or to the training and equipping of Malian Defence and Security
               forces, also requests the Secretary-General to support, in coordination with the
               African Union and ECOWAS, the holding of a donors conference to solicit
               contributions to this trust fund as soon as possible, calls upon Member States to
               contribute generously and promptly to the trust fund, while noting that the existence

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           of the trust fund does not preclude the conclusion of direct bilateral arrangements
           and further requests the African Union, in consultation with ECOWAS and the
           Secretary-General, to submit budgetary request to this trust fund;

           United Nations presence and reporting
                  23. Requests the Secretary-General to establish, in consultation with the
           Malian authorities, a multidisciplinary United Nations presence in Mali, in order to
           provide coordinated and coherent support to (i) the on-going political process and
           (ii) the security process, consistent with paragraph 12 above and including support
           to the planning, deployment and operations of AFISMA and therefore requests the
           Secretary-General to submit as soon as possible specific and detailed proposals to
           the Council for further consideration;
                 24. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Council regularly informed of
           the situation in Mali and to report back to the Council, through the provision of
           written reports, every 90 days, on the implementation of this resolution, including
           on the United Nations support to the political and security efforts to solve the crisis
           in Mali, the deployment and preparation of AFISMA and updated information and
           recommendations related to a voluntary and United Nations-funded support
           packages to AFISMA;
                25.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2085 (2012) [on authorization of the deployment of an African-led International Support Mission in Mali (AFISMA) for an initial period of 1 year]

African-led International Support Mission in Mali|African-led International Support Mission in Mali > Terms of reference|African-led International Support Mission in Mali > Financing|Economic Community of West African States|African Union|UN|Qaida (Organization)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|POLITICAL CONDITIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|MALI|MEDIATION|ARMED FORCES|NEGOTIATION|STAFF SECURITY|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|TRUST FUNDS|SUPPORT SERVICES


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2086 (2013)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                21 January 2013

               Resolution 2086 (2013)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 6903rd meeting, on
               21 January 2013

                    The Security Council,
                     Reaffirming its primary responsibility under the Charter of the United Nations
               for the maintenance of international peace and security and its readiness to strive for
               sustainable peace in all situations under its consideration,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to uphold the purposes and principles of the
               Charter of the United Nations, including its commitment and respect to the
               principles of political independence, sovereign equality and territorial integrity of
               all States in conducting all peacekeeping and peacebuilding activities and the need
               for States to comply with their obligations under international law,
                     Commending the critical role of United Nations peacekeeping operations in the
               maintenance of international peace and security, preventing and containing
               conflicts, promoting compliance with international norms and Security Council
               decisions and building peace in post-conflict situations,
                    Resolving to strengthen the central role of the United Nations in peacekeeping
               and to ensure the effective functioning of the collective security system established
               by the Charter of the United Nations,
                     Noting that peacekeeping ranges from traditional peacekeeping missions,
               which primarily monitor ceasefire to complex multidimensional operations, which
               seek to undertake peacebuilding tasks and address root causes of conflict,
                    Reaffirming that respect for the basic principles of peacekeeping, including
               consent of the parties, impartiality, and non-use of force, except in self-defence and
               defence of the mandate, is essential to the success of peacekeeping Operations,
                    Reiterating the commitment to enhance the effectiveness of the United Nations
               in addressing conflict at all stages from prevention to settlement to post-conflict
               peacebuilding,
                     Encouraging further progress on a comprehensive, coherent and integrated
               approach to the maintenance of international peace and security by preventing
               conflicts, preventing relapse and building sustainable peace through effective
               preventive diplomacy, peacemaking, peacekeeping and peacebuilding strategies,

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                     Recalling in this regard its commitment regularly to assess, in consultation
               with relevant stakeholders, the strength, mandate, and composition of peacekeeping
               operations with a view to making the necessary adjustments where appropriate,
               according to progress achieved or changing circumstances on the ground including
               in security, thereby allowing, on a case by case basis, reconfiguration, transition or
               withdrawal,
                     Reaffirming the primary responsibility of national authorities in identifying
               their priorities and strategies for post-conflict peacebuilding, and in this regard,
               reiterating that national ownership, responsibility and political will as well as
               concerted efforts of national governments, and the international community, are
               critical in building sustainable peace,
                     Emphasizing the vital role of the United Nations, in consultations with
               international partners, to support national authorities in consolidating peace and in
               developing strategies for peacebuilding priorities as well as to ensure that these
               strategies strengthen coherence between political, security, human rights and rule of
               law activities,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to address the impact of armed conflict on women
               and children, and recalling resolution 1325 (2000) and all subsequent resolutions on
               women, peace and security to reiterate the need for full, equal and effective
               participation of women at all stages of the peace process, given their vital role in the
               prevention and resolution of conflict and peacebuilding, as well resolution
               1261 (1999) on children and armed conflict and subsequent resolutions,
                     Paying tribute to the memory of United Nations peacekeepers who have lost
               their lives in the cause of peace, and in this regard, underscoring the importance of
               safety and security of United Nations peacekeepers, expressing grave concern about
               the security threats and targeted attacks against United Nations peacekeepers in
               many peacekeeping missions that constitute a major challenge to United Nations
               peacekeeping operations, condemning in the strongest terms killing of and all acts of
               violence against United Nations peacekeeping personnel, including the recent
               shooting down of a United Nations helicopter in South Sudan as well as recent
               casualties in United Nations Missions in Democratic Republic of Congo, Côte
               d’Ivoire and Darfur, and emphasizing that perpetrators of such attacks must be
               brought to justice,
                    1.    Welcomes the contribution of peacekeeping operations to a
               comprehensive strategy for durable peace and security and, notes with appreciation
               the contributions that peacekeepers and peacekeeping missions make to early
               peacebuilding;
                     2.    Emphasizes that United Nations peacekeeping activities should be
               conducted in a manner so as to facilitate post-conflict peacebuilding, prevention of
               relapse of armed conflict and progress towards sustainable peace and development;
                     3.    Reiterates its commitment to continue to improve its consideration and
               reflection of early peacebuilding tasks in the mandates and composition of
               peacekeeping operations, and in this regard, stresses the necessity for the Secretariat
               to plan early peacebuilding tasks in phases with clear objectives, taking into account
               local conditions and lessons learned, which should contribute to long-term
               peacebuilding objectives, in order to allow successful transition and withdrawal of
               peacekeeping operations;

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                 4.   Stresses the importance of grasping the challenges of peacebuilding from
           the inception of a peacekeeping mission through Integrated Strategic Assessment
           and Planning processes, so as to ensure coherence between, and integration of,
           peacemaking, peacekeeping, peacebuilding and development to achieve an effective
           response to post-conflict situation from the outset;
                 5.   Recognizes the important role of multidimensional peacekeeping
           missions to: (a) assist host countries in developing critical peacebuilding priorities
           and strategies; (b) help to create an enabling environment for relevant national and
           international actors to perform peacebuilding tasks; and (c) implement early
           peacebuilding tasks themselves;
                6.  Reiterates the need to integrate mission expertise and experience into the
           development of peacebuilding strategies;
                 7.   Recognizes that the mandate of each peacekeeping mission is specific to
           the needs and situation of the country concerned;
                8.   Notes, in this regard, that multidimensional peacekeeping missions may
           be mandated by the Security Council, inter-alia, to:
                 (a) Provide support to basic safety and security by assisting national security
           sector reform programmes, through strategic assistance to develop security sector
           frameworks, and capacity building of military, police and other law enforcement
           institutions in key areas, while upholding the spirit of complete national ownership
           and true partnership, with a view to building a legitimate, accountable and
           sustainable security sector, responsive to the needs of the population;
                 (b) Enable national governments in conceiving and developing the
           programmes of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR), which must
           follow a political process in an inclusive manner with a view to ensuring effective
           transition from disarmament and demobilization to reintegration, taking into
           consideration the different needs of all parts of the affected population, and in
           accordance with specific needs of a situation;
                 (c) Support the strengthening of rule of law institutions of the host country,
           in a coordinated manner with other United Nations entities, within the scope of
           respective mandates, in helping national authorities develop critical rule of law
           priorities and strategies to address the needs of police, judicial institutions and
           corrections system and critical interlinkages thereof, with a view to supporting the
           States’ ability to provide critical functions in these fields, and as a vital contribution
           to building peace and ending impunity;
                (d) Provide for rapid response in mine action as well as advisory services
           and training tailored to needs of national authorities, upon request, with a view to
           enabling risk reduction, victim assistance, demining and stockpile management and
           disposal;
                 (e) Support peace consolidation and inclusive political processes and
           through their good offices, advice and support, as well as by their ability to deter
           threats to the ongoing peace process, and facilitate consultation process among local
           population and civil society to help them contribute to national processes and
           discussions, and upon request, provide security, technical, logistic and
           administrative support to representative electoral processes, within the limitation of
           its capacities and resources;

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                    (f) Help to establish the necessary security conditions to facilitate delivery
               of humanitarian assistance, taking into account the special needs of refugees, IDPs,
               women, children, elderly and disabled people, and to create conditions necessary for
               voluntary, safe, dignified and sustainable return of refugees and IDPs;
                     (g) Contribute towards agreed international efforts to protect human rights
               including through monitoring and prevention and support national governments’
               efforts to promote and protect human rights, within its capacities and resources and
               according to its mandate throughout the life cycle of a Mission;
                    (h) Protect civilians, particularly those under imminent threat of physical
               violence, in conformity with paragraph 16 of its resolution 1674 (2006), within
               missions’ zones of operation and taking into account their capacities and resources,
               and support the efforts of the host authorities in protection of civilians from
               violence, including all forms of sexual and gender based violence, and in this
               regard, help in building and reforming security sector institutions of the host
               country that are able to sustainably and consistently protect civilians, while
               recognizing that protection of civilians is the primary responsibility of the host
               country;
                     (i) Cooperate and coordinate with United Nations agencies and funds and
               programs, as well as all relevant partners including international financial
               institutions and donors, to support the host government and relevant government
               institutions in designing poverty reduction and economic development policies,
               plans and strategies, within the context of specific situations;
                     (j) Support the participation of women in conflict prevention, conflict
               resolution and peacebuilding, and also support the efforts of the host government
               towards inclusion of women in decision-making roles in post-conflict governance
               institutions;
                     9.    Recognizes that, while primary responsibility for successful
               peacebuilding lies with governments and relevant national actors, multidimensional
               peacekeeping missions bring comparative advantages in early peacebuilding by:
               (a) drawing strength from international legitimacy and political leverage derived
               from the Security Council mandate; (b) using a mix of civilian, police, and military
               capabilities under a unified leadership; and (c) utilizing deep field presence;
                    10. Reiterates its resolve to give peacekeeping operations clear, credible and
               achievable mandates matched by appropriate resources;
                     11. Underlines the importance of deploying peacekeepers with professional
               skills, training, experience, excellence and in adherence to the United Nations zero
               tolerance policy for misconduct, and in this regard, encourages Troop- and Police-Contributing Countries, in the spirit of partnership, to continue to contribute
               professional military and police personnel with the necessary skills and experience
               to implement multidimensional peacekeeping mandates, including appropriate
               language skills at relevant levels;
                    12. Reiterates the importance, when establishing and renewing the mandates
               of United Nations Missions, to include provisions on the promotion of gender
               equality and the empowerment of women in post-conflict situations and on children
               and armed conflict, including through the appointment of gender advisers, women
               protection advisers and experts and child protection advisers, as appropriate, and

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           welcomes the call of Secretary-General for enhanced participation, representation
           and involvement of women in prevention and resolution of armed conflict and in
           peacebuilding as well as for a stronger commitment to address the challenges to
           such engagement of women at all levels;
                13. Encourages national governments, the United Nations, regional and
           subregional organizations to continue to use existing civilian expertise and also to
           broaden and deepen the pool of civilian capacities for peacebuilding in the
           immediate aftermath of conflict, including from countries with relevant experience
           in post-conflict peacebuilding or democratic transition, giving particular attention to
           mobilizing capacities from developing countries and from women, and in this
           regard, stresses the imperative of mandating and deploying civilian capacities in
           compliance with relevant United Nations resolutions and rules and procedures, and
           with a view to minimizing duplication of efforts and ensuring consistency and
           complementarity;
                 14. Underlines the importance of clarity on roles and responsibilities of
           United Nations peacekeeping operations, United Nations country teams and other
           relevant actors, including entities of the United Nations Peacebuilding architecture
           and the United Nations Agencies, Funds and Programmes for the delivery of
           prioritized support to a country, consistent with its specific peacebuilding needs and
           priorities, as outlined by national authorities, in order to ensure effective integration
           of effort;
                 15. Stresses that integrated action on the ground by security and development
           actors requires coordination with national authorities in order to stabilize and
           improve the security situation and help in economic recovery, and underlines the
           importance of integrated efforts among all United Nations entities in the field to
           promote coherence in the United Nations’ work in conflict and post-conflict
           situations;
                 16. Encourages the Secretariat, in the context of Integrated Strategic
           Assessment and Integrated Strategic Framework, to provide the Security Council
           and Troop- and Police-Contributing Countries and other key stakeholders with an
           early assessment of peacebuilding challenges in peacekeeping missions, including
           assessment of capabilities, force and personnel generation and logistic resource
           requirements, in order to coordinate and prioritize peacekeeping and peacebuilding
           activities in missions’ mandates;
                 17. Recognizes the need to further strengthen the cooperation and
           consultations with Troop- and Police-contributing countries, including through
           triangular cooperation between the Security Council, the Troop- and Police-Contributing Countries and the Secretariat, in areas where military and police
           contingents undertake early peacebuilding tasks, and encourages active participation
           of all stakeholders in open and more frequent consultation processes with a view to
           improving the delivery of peacebuilding tasks in the field;
                18. Underlines the importance of partnership and cooperation with regional
           and subregional arrangements and organizations, in accordance with Chapter VIII of
           the United Nations Charter, in supporting peacekeeping and peacebuilding activities
           as well as forging greater regional and national ownership;
                 19. Recalls its resolution 1645 (2005) and expresses its continued
           willingness to make use of the advisory, advocacy and resource mobilization roles

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S/RES/2086 (2013)

               of the Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) in peacebuilding activities, welcomes the
               progress it has achieved, and emphasizes the need for further harnessing these roles
               in advancing and supporting an integrated and coherent approach with respect to
               multidimensional peacekeeping mandates in countries on its agenda;
                    20. Strongly condemns targeted attacks against United Nations peacekeeping
               personnel from any party to the conflict and in this regard, calls upon the Secretary-General to take all measures deemed necessary to strengthen United Nations field
               security arrangements and improve the safety and security of all military
               contingents, police officers, military observers and, especially, unarmed personnel;
                     21. Requests the Secretary-General to consider the provisions of this
               resolution in relevant peacekeeping and peacebuilding reports;
                    22.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

6                                                                                13-21160

Security Council resolution 2086 (2013) [on highlighting the role of multidimensional peacekeeping missions]

PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|PEACEBUILDING|POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION|GENDER EQUALITY|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|COORDINATION WITHIN UN SYSTEM|PARTNERSHIP


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2087 (2013)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                22 January 2013

               Resolution 2087 (2013)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 6904th meeting, on
               22 January 2013

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous relevant resolutions, including resolution 825 (1993),
               resolution 1540 (2004), resolution 1695 (2006), resolution 1718 (2006), resolution
               1874 (2009), resolution 1887 (2009), as well as the statements of its President of
               6 October 2006 (S/PRST/2006/41), 13 April 2009 (S/PRST/2009/7) and 16 April
               2012 (S/PRST/2012/13),
                    Recognizing the freedom of all States to explore and use outer space in
               accordance with international law, including restrictions imposed by relevant
               Security Council resolutions,
                    1.    Condemns the DPRK’s launch of 12 December 2012, which used ballistic
               missile technology and was in violation of resolutions 1718 (2006) and 1874 (2009);
                     2.   Demands that the DPRK not proceed with any further launches using
               ballistic missile technology, and comply with resolutions 1718 (2006) and 1874
               (2009) by suspending all activities related to its ballistic missile program and in this
               context re-establish its pre-existing commitments to a moratorium on missile
               launches;
                     3.    Demands that the DPRK immediately comply fully with its obligations
               under resolutions 1718 (2006) and 1874 (2009), including that it: abandon all
               nuclear weapons and existing nuclear programs in a complete, verifiable and
               irreversible manner; immediately cease all related activities; and not conduct any
               further launches that use ballistic missile technology, nuclear test or any further
               provocation;
                    4.   Reaffirms its current sanctions measures contained in resolutions 1718
               (2006) and 1874 (2009);
                    5.   Recalls the measures imposed by paragraph 8 of resolution 1718 (2006),
               as modified by resolution 1874 (2009), and determines that:
                    (a) The measures specified in paragraph 8 (d) of resolution 1718 (2006) shall
               apply to the individuals and entities listed in Annex I and II, and the measures

13-21396 (E)
*1321396*

S/RES/2087 (2013)

               specified in paragraph 8 (e) of resolution 1718 (2006) shall apply to the individuals
               listed in Annex I; and,
                   (b) The measures imposed in paragraph 8 (a), 8 (b) and 8 (c) of resolution
               1718 (2006) shall apply to the items in INFCIRC/254/Rev.11/Part 1 and
               INFCIRC/254/Rev.8/Part 2 and S/2012/947;
                     6.    Recalls paragraph 18 of resolution 1874 (2009), and calls upon Member
               States to exercise enhanced vigilance in this regard, including monitoring the
               activities of their nationals, persons in their territories, financial institutions, and
               other entities organized under their laws (including branches abroad) with or on
               behalf of financial institutions in the DPRK, or of those that act on behalf or at the
               direction of DPRK financial institutions, including their branches, representatives,
               agents and subsidiaries abroad;
                     7.   Directs the Committee established pursuant to resolution 1718 (2006) to
               issue an Implementation Assistance Notice regarding situations where a vessel has
               refused to allow an inspection after such an inspection has been authorized by the
               vessel’s Flag State or if any DPRK-flagged vessel has refused to be inspected
               pursuant to paragraph 12 of resolution 1874 (2009);
                     8.    Recalls paragraph 14 of resolution 1874 (2009), recalls further that
               States may seize and dispose of items consistent with the provisions of resolutions
               1718 (2006), 1874 (2009) and this resolution, and further clarifies that methods for
               States to dispose include, but are not limited to, destruction, rendering inoperable,
               storage or transferring to another State other than the originating or destination
               States for disposal;
                     9.    Clarifies that the measures imposed in resolutions 1718 (2006) and 1874
               (2009) prohibit the transfer of any items if a State relevant to a transaction has
               information that provides reasonable grounds to believe that a designated individual
               or entity is the originator, intended recipient or facilitator of the item’s transfer;
                    10. Calls upon Member States which have not yet done so to report on the
               measures they have taken to implement the provisions of resolutions 1718 (2006)
               and 1874 (2009), encourages other Member States to submit, if any, additional
               information on implementing the provisions of resolutions 1718 (2006) and 1874
               (2009);
                     11. Encourages international agencies to take necessary steps to ensure that
               all their activities with respect to the DPRK are consistent with the provisions of
               resolutions 1718 (2006) and 1874 (2009), and further encourages relevant agencies
               to engage with the Committee regarding their activities with respect to the DPRK
               that may relate to provisions of these resolutions;
                     12. Deplores the violations of the measures imposed in resolution 1718
               (2006) and 1874 (2009), including the use of bulk cash to evade sanctions,
               underscores its concern over the supply, sale or transfer to or from the DPRK or
               through States’ territories of any item that could contribute to activities prohibited
               by resolutions 1718 (2006) or 1874 (2009) and the importance of appropriate action
               by States in this regard, calls on States to exercise vigilance and restraint regarding
               the entry into or transit through their territories of individuals working on behalf or
               at the direction of a designated individual or entity, directs the Committee to review
               reported violations and take action as appropriate, including through designating

2                                                                                13-21396

                                                                                S/RES/2087 (2013)

           entities and individuals that have assisted the evasion of sanctions or in violating the
           provisions of resolutions 1718 (2006) and 1874 (2009);
                 13. Emphasizes the importance of all States, including the DPRK, taking the
           necessary measures to ensure that no claim shall lie at the instance of the DPRK, or
           of any person or entity in the DPRK, or of persons or entities designated pursuant to
           resolutions 1718 (2006) and 1874 (2009), or any person claiming through or for the
           benefit of any such person or entity, in connection with any contract or other
           transaction where its performance was prevented by reason of the measures imposed
           by resolutions 1718 (2006) and 1874 (2009);
                 14. Reaffirms its desire for a peaceful, diplomatic and political solution to
           the situation, welcomes efforts by Council members as well as other States to
           facilitate a peaceful and comprehensive solution through dialogue, and underlines
           the need to refrain from any action that might aggravate tensions;
                 15. Reaffirms its support to the Six Party Talks, calls for their resumption,
           urges all the participants to intensify their efforts on the full and expeditious
           implementation of the 19 September 2005 Joint Statement issued by China, the
           DPRK, Japan, the Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation and the United States,
           with a view to achieving the verifiable denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula in a
           peaceful manner and to maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and
           in northeast Asia;
                16. Calls upon all Member States to implement fully their obligations
           pursuant to resolutions 1718 (2006) and 1874 (2009);
                 17. Re-emphasizes that all Member States should comply with the provisions
           of paragraphs 8 (a) (iii) and 8 (d) of resolution 1718 (2006) without prejudice to the
           activities of the diplomatic missions in the DPRK pursuant to the Vienna
           Convention on Diplomatic Relations;
                18. Underlines that measures imposed by resolutions 1718 (2006) and 1874
           (2009) are not intended to have adverse humanitarian consequences for the civilian
           population of the DPRK;
                 19. Affirms that it shall keep the DPRK’s actions under continuous review
           and is prepared to strengthen, modify, suspend or lift the measures as may be needed
           in light of the DPRK’s compliance, and, in this regard, expresses its determination
           to take significant action in the event of a further DPRK launch or nuclear test;
                20.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

13-21396                                                                                3

S/RES/2087 (2013)

Annex I
               Travel Ban/Asset Freeze

               1.   PAEK CHANG-HO
                    a.   Description: senior official and head of the satellite control center of
                         Korean Committee for Space Technology.
                    b.   AKA: Pak Chang-Ho; Paek Ch’ang-Ho
                    c.   Identifiers: Passport: 381420754; Passport Date of Issue: 7 December
                         2011; Passport Date of Expiration: 7 December 2016; D.O.B. 18 June
                         1964; P.O.B. Kaesong, DPRK
               2.   CHANG MYONG-CHIN
                    a.   Description: General Manager of the Sohae Satellite Launching Station
                         and head of launch center at which the 13 April and 12 December 2012
                         launches took place.
                    b.   AKA: Jang Myong-Jin
                    c.   Identifiers: D.O.B. 1966; Alt. D.O.B. 1965
               3.   RA KY’ONG-SU
                    a.   Description: Ra Ky’ong-Su is a Tanchon Commercial Bank (TCB)
                         official. In this capacity he has facilitated transactions for TCB. Tanchon
                         was designated by the Committee in April 2009 as the main DPRK
                         financial entity responsible for sales of conventional arms, ballistic
                         missiles, and goods related to the assembly and manufacture of such
                         weapons.
               4.   KIM KWANG-IL
                    a.   Description: Kim Kwang-il is a Tanchon Commercial Bank (TCB)
                         official. In this capacity, he has facilitated transactions for TCB and the
                         Korea Mining Development Trading Corporation (KOMID). Tanchon
                         was designated by the Committee in April 2009 as the main DPRK
                         financial entity responsible for sales of conventional arms, ballistic
                         missiles, and goods related to the assembly and manufacture of such
                         weapons. KOMID was designated by the Committee in April 2009 and is
                         the DPRK’s primary arms dealer and main exporter of goods and
                         equipment related to ballistic missiles and conventional weapons.

4                                                                                13-21396

                                                                                S/RES/2087 (2013)

Annex II
           Asset Freeze

           1.   KOREAN COMMITTEE FOR SPACE TECHNOLOGY
                a.   Description: The Korean Committee for Space Technology (KCST)
                     orchestrated the DPRK’s launches on 13 April 2012 and 12 December
                     2012 via the satellite control center and Sohae launch area.
                b.   AKA: DPRK Committee for Space Technology; Department of Space
                     Technology of the DPRK; Committee for Space Technology; KCST
                c.   Location: Pyongyang, DPRK
           2.   BANK OF EAST LAND
                a.   Description: DPRK financial institution Bank of East Land facilitates
                     weapons-related transactions for, and other support to, arms
                     manufacturer and exporter Green Pine Associated Corporation (Green
                     Pine). Bank of East Land has actively worked with Green Pine to transfer
                     funds in a manner that circumvents sanctions. In 2007 and 2008, Bank of
                     East Land facilitated transactions involving Green Pine and Iranian
                     financial institutions, including Bank Melli and Bank Sepah. The
                     Security Council designated Bank Sepah in resolution 1747 (2007) for
                     providing support to Iran’s ballistic missile program. Green Pine was
                     designated by the Committee in April 2012.
                b.   AKA: Dongbang BANK; TONGBANG U’NHAENG; TONGBANG
                     BANK
                c.   Location: P.O. Box 32, BEL Building, Jonseung-Dung, Moranbong
                     District, Pyongyang, DPRK
           3.   KOREA KUMRYONG TRADING CORPORATION
                a.   Description: Used as an alias by the Korea Mining Development Trading
                     Corporation (KOMID) to carry out procurement activities. KOMID was
                     designated by the Committee in April 2009 and is the DPRK’s primary
                     arms dealer and main exporter of goods and equipment related to ballistic
                     missiles and conventional weapons.
           4.   TOSONG TECHNOLOGY TRADING CORPORATION
                a.   Description: The Korea Mining Development Corporation (KOMID) is
                     the parent company of Tosong Technology Trading Corporation. KOMID
                     was designated by the Committee in April 2009 and is the DPRK’s
                     primary arms dealer and main exporter of goods and equipment related to
                     ballistic missiles and conventional weapons.
                b.   Location: Pyongyang, DPRK
           5.   KOREA RYONHA MACHINERY JOINT VENTURE CORPORATION
                a.   Description: Korea Ryonbong General Corporation is the parent
                     company of Korea Ryonha Machinery Joint Venture Corporation. Korea
                     Ryonbong General Corporation was designated by the Committee in
                     April 2009 and is a defence conglomerate specializing in acquisition for

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S/RES/2087 (2013)

                         DPRK defence industries and support to that country’s military-related
                         sales.
                    b.   AKA: CHOSUN YUNHA MACHINERY JOINT OPERATION
                         COMPANY; KOREA RYENHA MACHINERY J/V CORPORATION;
                         RYONHA MACHINERY JOINT VENTURE CORPORATION
                    c.   Location: Central District, Pyongyang, DPRK; Mangungdae-gu,
                         Pyongyang, DPRK; Mangyongdae District, Pyongyang, DPRK
               6.   LEADER (HONG KONG) INTERNATIONAL
                    a.   Description: Facilitates shipments on behalf of the Korea Mining
                         Development Trading Corporation (KOMID). KOMID was designated by
                         the Committee in April 2009 and is the DPRK’s primary arms dealer and
                         main exporter of goods and equipment related to ballistic missiles and
                         conventional weapons.
                    b.   AKA: Leader International Trading Limited
                    c.   Location: Room 1610 Nan Fung Tower, 173 Des Voeux Road, Hong
                         Kong

6                                                                                13-21396

Security Council resolution 2087 (2013) [on condemning the missile launch of 12 Dec. 2012 by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea]

S/68 [213] DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF KOREA--MISSILE LAUNCHINGS
S/68 [23] NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION

Six-Party Talks|NUCLEAR WEAPON TESTS|BALLISTIC MISSILES|DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF KOREA|SPACECRAFT LAUNCHINGS|SANCTIONS|SANCTIONS COMPLIANCE|INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS

Eastern Asia|Eastern Europe|Southern Asia

China|Iran, Islamic Republic of|Japan|Korea, Republic of|Korea, Democratic People's Republic of|Russian Federation


               United Nations                                                                 S/RES/2089 (2013)
               Security Council                                               Distr.: General
                                                                              24 January 2013

               Resolution 2089 (2013)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 6908th meeting, on
               24 January 2013

                    The Security Council,
                    Welcoming the report of the Secretary-General of 7 January 2013 (S/2013/07)
               on the United Nations operation in Cyprus,
                    Noting that the Government of Cyprus is agreed that in view of the prevailing
               conditions on the island it is necessary to keep the United Nations Peacekeeping
               Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) beyond 31 January 2013,
                     Noting the intention of the Secretary-General to report on his Good Offices in
               the next reporting period, and echoing the Secretary-General’s firm belief that the
               responsibility for finding a solution lies first and foremost with the Cypriots
               themselves, and reaffirming the primary role of the United Nations in assisting the
               parties to bring the Cyprus conflict and division of the island to a comprehensive
               and durable settlement,
                    Welcoming the progress made so far in the fully fledged negotiations, and the
               leaders’ joint statements including those of 23 May and 1 July 2008,
                     Recalling the importance attached by the international community to all parties
               engaging fully, flexibly and constructively in the negotiations, and noting that the
               move towards a more intensive phase of negotiations has not yet resulted in an
               enduring, comprehensive and just settlement based on a bicommunal, bizonal
               federation with political equality, as set out in the relevant Security Council
               resolutions, encouraging the sides to resume the substantive negotiations on the core
               issues, and stressing that the status quo is unsustainable,
                    Welcoming the efforts of the Secretary-General to stimulate progress during his
               meeting with the two leaders on 31 October 2011 and 23 January 2012, and
               expressing continued support for his efforts,
                     Noting the need to advance the consideration of and discussions on military
               confidence-building measures, calling for renewed efforts to implement all
               remaining confidence-building measures, and for agreement on and implementation
               of further steps to build trust between the communities,

13-21640 (E)
*1321640*

S/RES/2089 (2013)

                    Reaffirming the importance of continued crossings of the Green Line by
               Cypriots, and encouraging the opening by mutual agreement of other crossing
               points,
                    Convinced of the many important benefits, including economic benefits, for all
               Cypriots that would flow from a comprehensive and durable Cyprus settlement,
               urging the two sides and their leaders to foster positive public rhetoric, and
               encouraging them clearly to explain the benefits of the settlement, as well as the
               need for increased flexibility and compromise in order to secure it, to both
               communities well in advance of any eventual referenda,
                    Considering that undermining the United Nations credibility undermines the
               peace process itself,
                    Highlighting the importance of the supporting role of the international
               community, and in particular that of the parties concerned in taking practical steps
               towards helping the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot leaders to exploit fully the
               current opportunity,
                     Taking note of the assessment of the Secretary-General that the security
               situation on the island and along the Green Line remains stable, and urging all sides
               to avoid any action which could lead to an increase in tension, undermine the
               progress achieved so far, or damage the goodwill on the island,
                    Recalling the Secretary-General’s firm belief that the situation in the buffer
               zone would be improved if both sides accepted the 1989 aide-memoire used by the
               United Nations,
                     Noting with regret that the sides are withholding access to the remaining
               minefields in the buffer zone, and that demining in Cyprus must continue, noting the
               continued danger posed by mines in Cyprus, and urging rapid agreement on
               facilitating the recommencement of demining operations and clearance of the
               remaining minefields,
                    Highlighting the importance of the activities of the Committee on Missing
               Persons, urging the opening up of access to all areas to allow the Committee to
               carry out their work, and trusting that this process will promote reconciliation
               between the communities,
                     Agreeing that active participation of civil society groups, including women’s
               groups, is essential to the political process and can contribute to making any future
               settlement sustainable, recalling that women play an important role in peace
               processes, welcoming all efforts to promote bicommunal contacts and events
               including, inter alia, on the part of all United Nations bodies on the island, and
               urging the two sides to promote the active engagement of civil society and the
               encouragement of cooperation between economic and commercial bodies and to
               remove all obstacles to such contacts,
                    Stressing the need for the Council to pursue a rigorous, strategic approach to
               peacekeeping deployments,
                    Welcoming the intention of the Secretary-General to keep all peacekeeping
               operations under close review to ensure efficiency and effectiveness, including a
               review of UNFICYP when appropriate, and noting the importance of contingency
               planning in relation to the settlement, including recommendations as appropriate for

2                                                                                13-21640

                                                                                S/RES/2089 (2013)

           further adjustments to UNFICYP’s mandate, force levels and other resources and
           concept of operations, taking into account developments on the ground and the
           views of the parties,
                 Welcoming also the continued efforts of Alexander Downer as the Secretary-General’s Special Advisor with a mandate to assist the parties in the conduct of fully
           fledged negotiations aimed at reaching a comprehensive settlement, and the efforts
           of Lisa Buttenheim as the Secretary-General’s Special Representative,
                Echoing the Secretary-General’s gratitude to the Government of Cyprus and
           the Government of Greece for their voluntary contributions to the funding of
           UNFICYP, and his request for further voluntary contributions from other countries
           and organizations, and expressing appreciation to Member States that contribute
           personnel to UNFICYP,
                Welcoming and encouraging efforts by the United Nations to sensitize
           peacekeeping personnel in the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS and other
           communicable diseases in all its peacekeeping operations,
                1.    Acknowledges the progress made so far in the fully fledged negotiations,
           but notes that this has not been sufficient and has not yet resulted in a
           comprehensive and durable settlement, and urges the sides to continue their
           discussions to reach decisive progress on the core issues;
                2.    Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General (S/2013/07);
                3.     Recalls Security Council resolution 2026 (2011), and calls upon the two
           leaders to:
                 (a) Put their efforts behind further work on reaching convergences on the
           core issues;
                (b) Continue to work with the Technical Committees with the objective of
           improving the daily lives of the Cypriots;
                (c) Improve the public atmosphere for the negotiations, including by
           focussing public messages on convergences and the way ahead, and delivering more
           constructive and harmonised messages; and
                (d)   Increase the participation of civil society in the process as appropriate;
                 4.   Urges the implementation of confidence-building measures, and looks
           forward to agreement on and implementation of further such steps, including
           military confidence building measures and the opening of other crossing points;
                5.    Urges all parties to be more forthcoming in accommodating the
           Committee for Missing Persons exhumation requirements by providing unrestricted
           access throughout the island, including in military areas in the north;
                6.   Reaffirms all its relevant resolutions on Cyprus, in particular resolution
           1251 (1999) of 29 June 1999 and subsequent resolutions;
               7.    Expresses its full support for UNFICYP and decides to extend its
           mandate for a further period ending 31 July 2013;
                8.   Calls on both sides to continue to engage, as a matter of urgency and
           while respecting UNFICYP’s mandate, in consultations with UNFICYP on the

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S/RES/2089 (2013)

               demarcation of the buffer zone, and on the United Nations 1989 aide-memoire, with
               a view to reaching early agreement on outstanding issues;
                    9.     Calls on the Turkish Cypriot side and Turkish forces to restore in
               Strovilia the military status quo which existed there prior to 30 June 2000;
                     10. Calls on both sides to allow access to deminers and to facilitate the
               removal of the remaining mines in Cyprus within the buffer zone, and urges both
               sides to extend demining operations outside the buffer zone;
                     11. Requests the Secretary-General to submit a report on implementation of
               this resolution, including on contingency planning in relation to the settlement, by
               10 July 2013 and to keep the Security Council updated on events as necessary;
                    12. Welcomes the efforts being undertaken by UNFICYP to implement the
               Secretary-General’s zero tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to
               ensure full compliance of its personnel with the United Nations code of conduct,
               requests the Secretary-General to continue to take all necessary action in this regard
               and to keep the Security Council informed, and urges troop-contributing countries to
               take appropriate preventive action including the conduct of predeployment
               awareness training, and to take disciplinary action and other action to ensure full
               accountability in cases of such conduct involving their personnel;
                    13.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

4                                                                                13-21640

Security Council resolution 2089 (2013) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) until 31 July 2013]

S/68 [43] UN PEACEKEEPING FORCE IN CYPRUS
S/68 [42] CYPRUS QUESTION

UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus|UN. Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|CYPRUS|CYPRUS QUESTION|MILITARY PERSONNEL|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|MINE CLEARANCE|DISPUTE SETTLEMENT|CONFIDENCE-BUILDING MEASURES|SEX CRIMES|CODES OF CONDUCT|NEGOTIATION|DISPUTE SETTLEMENT|TURKISH CYPRIOT COMMUNITY


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2088 (2013)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                24 January 2013

               Resolution 2088 (2013)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 6907th meeting, on
               24 January 2013

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions and statements concerning the Central African
               Republic, especially resolution 2031 and its press statements of 19 December 2012,
               27 December 2012, 4 January 2013 and 11 January 2013,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and unity of the Central African Republic, and recalling the importance of
               the principles good-neighbourliness and regional cooperation,
                    Noting the signature by the CPJP to the 2008 Libreville Comprehensive Peace
               Agreement on 25 August 2012,
                    Condemning military attacks by armed groups and attempts to destabilize the
               peace building process in the Central African Republic,
                     Expressing concern at the lack of State authority outside the capital, which has
               led to a serious security vacuum in many parts of the Central African Republic and
               has allowed the emergence and development of national and foreign armed groups,
               including the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) to operate in the CAR,
                    Commending the swift efforts made by Economic Community of the Central
               African States (ECCAS), by the African Union and the countries in the region to
               solve the political and security crisis, and welcoming the negotiations held in
               Libreville 8-11 January 2013 under the auspices of ECCAS,
                     Welcoming the signature in Libreville of the declaration of principle, the ceasefire agreement and the political agreement on the resolution of the crisis on
               11 January 2013,
                     Acknowledging the role played by the United Nations Integrated Peacebuilding
               Office in the Central African Republic (BINUCA) under the leadership of United
               Nations Secretary-General Special Representative Margaret Aderinsola Vogt, and by
               the United Nations Country Team, and welcoming their dedicated efforts, in
               particular regarding assistance as requested by ECCAS during the negotiations in
               Libreville,

13-21628 (E)
*1321628*

S/RES/2088 (2013)

                    Acknowledging the emergence of a consensus on the revised electoral code,
               and looking forward to its formalisation and full implementation,
                     Looking forward to the start of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration
               activities in the north-east of the country,
                     Recalling its resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009),
               and 1960 (2010), on women, peace and security and its resolutions 1612 (2005),
               1882 (2009), 1998 (2011) and 2068 (2012) on children and armed conflict, recalling
               the conclusions of the Security Council Working Group on Children and Armed
               Conflict, including inter alia the adoption of action plans to put an end to the
               recruitment and use of children by armed groups, including by self-defence militias,
               calling on the parties in Central African Republic to engage with the Special
               Representative on Children and Armed Conflict, and also recalling resolutions 1265
               (1999), 1296 (2000), 1674 (2006), 1738 (2006), 1894 (2009) on the protection of
               civilians in armed conflicts,
                     Emphasizing that inclusive political dialogue, respect of the rule of law,
               democratic governance, participation of women in peacebuilding, respect for human
               rights, justice, accountability and economic development, are necessary for a lasting
               peace in the Central African Republic,
                     Encouraging stakeholders, including the Peacebuilding Commission, to assist
               in addressing peacebuilding challenges in the country and looking forward to the
               rapid appointment of a new Chair for the Central African Republic Country specific
               configuration of the Peacebuilding Commission,
                    Acknowledging the useful contribution of the Peacebuilding Fund to
               peacebuilding in the Central African Republic,
                    Welcoming the first visit of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Sexual Violence in Conflict in Central African Republic to support the
               national efforts to address this issue,
                     Having considered the report (S/2012/956) of the Secretary-General on the
               situation in the Central African Republic and on the activities of BINUCA,
                    1.    Decides to extend the mandate of BINUCA until 31 January 2014;
                     2.   Requests the Secretary-General to provide a report, no later than 31 March
               2013 on the situation on the ground and an assessment regarding how BINUCA can
               further implement its priorities in light of recent events; expresses its intention to
               consider this assessment in the following weeks;
                     3.   Further requests the Secretary-General to provide an update report of the
               situation on the ground by 30 June 2013 and every six months thereafter;
                    4.    Calls on the Government, “Seleka” Coalition, armed groups and
               democratic opposition to abide in good faith by their commitments in the
               Declaration of principle signed in Libreville on 11 January 2013;
                     5.    Calls for the expeditious and full implementation of the ceasefire signed
               between the Government and “Seleka” Coalition, and of the political agreement on
               the resolution of the crisis signed between the presidential majority, the democratic
               opposition, the armed groups, the “Seleka” Coalition, the President of the follow-up
               Committee and ECCAS; and in this regard, welcomes the appointment of a

2                                                                                13-21628

                                                                                S/RES/2088 (2013)

           representative of the opposition as the Prime Minister of the government of National
           Unity;
                 6.  Requests that BINUCA continue to support the peacebuilding processes
           in the Central African Republic, as provided in its current mandate, including the
           DDR and SSR processes, support the efforts of ECCAS in this regard; and use its
           good offices to work with all parties to facilitate the full implementation of
           agreements signed in Libreville on 11 January 2013; calls upon international
           community to provide further support to peacebuilding process in Central African
           Republic;
                7.  Underlines the important role of the bodies in charge of following up the
           implementation of these agreements;
                8.    Expresses strong concern at the security situation in the Central African
           Republic, which remains extremely precarious, welcomes in this regard the
           continued efforts of MICOPAX in support of durable peace and security in the
           Central African Republic, and calls on countries in the Central African subregion,
           and regional and subregional organizations to consider, upon request of the Central
           African Republic, appropriate measures to improve the security situation in the
           Central African Republic and the subregion;
                9.    Calls on all parties, in particular “Seleka”, to allow safe, and unhindered
           humanitarian access to those in need as quickly as possible and to ensure the
           protection of civilians against any violence;
                 10. Underscores the primary responsibility of the Government of the Central
           African Republic to maintain law and order, promote security and protect the
           civilian population, including foreign nationals, with full respect for the rule of law,
           human rights, and applicable international humanitarian law, stresses the importance
           of the work of bilateral partners to enhance the capacity of the Central African
           Republic Armed Forces and stresses that such assistance should be in support of the
           SSR process;
                 11. Urges the Government of the Central African Republic to ensure that
           freedom of expression and assembly, including for the opposition parties, as well as
           the rule of law are fully respected; calls upon all parties to refrain from the
           incitement of hatred and violence; and urges the opposition parties, other groups,
           and the Government to engage in a constructive dialogue to establish an
           environment allowing equal chances in the run-up to the next electoral cycle;
                 12. Underlines that the long delay in implementing credible DDR and SSR
           processes is partly responsible for the current crisis, calls upon the Government of
           the Central African Republic to adopt and implement a credible and viable SSR
           strategy, and demands that all armed groups cooperate with the Government in the
           disarmament, demobilization and reintegration process;
                13. Strongly condemns the continued violations of international humanitarian
           and human rights law, including the recruitment and use of children, killing and
           maiming of civilians, including of children, rape and sexual slavery and other forms
           of sexual and gender-based violence and abductions, and targeting of ethnic
           minorities perpetrated by armed groups, and specifically the LRA that threaten the
           population as well as peace and stability of the Central African Republic and the

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S/RES/2088 (2013)

               subregion, and requests BINUCA to report on these human rights abuses and other
               violations perpetrated by armed groups particularly against children and women;
                     14. Demands that all armed groups, including the Seleka Coalition (UFDR,
               CPJP, CPSK, UFR), prevent the recruitment and use of children, calls on relevant
               armed groups in particular CPJP and APRD to implement the provisions of the
               action plans signed with the United Nations SRSG on Children and Armed Conflict
               in November 2011 immediately, and furthermore demands that all parties protect
               and treat as victims those children who have been released or otherwise separated
               from armed forces and armed groups; and emphasizes the need to pay particular
               attention to the protection, release and reintegration of all children associated with
               armed groups;
                     15. Calls on all parties to identify and release forcefully recruited persons,
               especially children, from their ranks without delay, and issue clear orders regarding
               sexual violence, in line with its resolution 1960 (2010), calls on parties to the
               conflict to facilitate immediate access for victims of sexual violence to available
               services, and encourage donors to support the increase of services to address the
               needs of victims, and welcomes the commitments made to prevent and address
               sexual violence; including the Joint Communiqués on 12 December 2012 between
               the United Nations and the Government of the CAR and other parties to the conflict;
                     16. Urges the Government of the Central African Republic to investigate
               reports of human rights violations in the country, including in Bangui, to ensure that
               those responsible for such violations are brought to justice, and to take the necessary
               steps to prevent further violations;
                     17. Welcomes BINUCA’s efforts, in collaboration with the Central African
               Republic Government and other United Nations actors in the region, to encourage
               the defection of LRA fighters and abductees and to support the repatriation and
               reintegration of those who leave the LRA’s ranks and stresses the vital importance
               of a comprehensive approach for a lasting solution to the LRA threat;
                    18.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2088 (2013) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Integrated Peacebuilding Office in the Central African Republic (BINUCA) until 31 Jan. 2014]

S/68 [183] UN INTEGRATED PEACEBUILDING OFFICE IN THE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
S/68 [181] CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC SITUATION

Communauté économique des Etats de l'Afrique centrale|Mission for the Consolidation of Peace in Central African Republic|Seleka Coalition|Lord's Resistance Army (Uganda)|UN Integrated Peacebuilding Office in the Central African Republic|PEACEBUILDING|INTERNAL SECURITY|SECURITY SECTOR REFORM|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS|CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC|CHILD SOLDIERS|GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE