               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2694 (2023)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               2 August 2023

               Resolution 2694 (2023)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 9391st meeting, on
               2 August 2023

                    The Security Council,
                   Reaffirming its full commitment to the peace process in the Republic of
               Colombia,
                    Recalling all its resolutions and Presidential and press statements regarding the
               peace process in Colombia,
                     Recalling in particular its resolution 2655 (2022) which renewed the mandate
               of the UN Verification Mission in Colombia until 31 October 2023,
                    Recalling the importance of continued implementation of the 2016 Final Peace
               Agreement, as set out in Resolution 2307 (2016), welcoming the Government of
               Colombia’s efforts to seek broader peace through dialogue and recognising that
               ceasefire agreements are a step towards the development of more comprehensive
               peace agreements,
                     Taking note of the 2 June 2023 letter from the Secretary-General (S/2023/406)
               which conveyed the request from the Government of the Republic of Colombia for
               the Council to consider tasking the Verification Mission to participate in the
               monitoring and verification of ceasefire arrangements between the Government of
               Colombia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN), and of the 19 June 2023
               letter from the Secretary-General conveying the Bilateral, National and Temporary
               Ceasefire Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the
               ELN (“Second Cuba Agreement”), and of the 19 July letter from the Secretary -
               General (S/2023/540) conveying the signed protocols of the ceasefire agreement
               between the Government of Colombia and the ELN,
                     Considering that the ceasefire between the Government of Colombia and the
               ELN should contribute to improving the humanitarian situation in conflict -affected
               areas, and encouraging the parties to continue strengthening the protection of
               civilians in accordance with international humanitarian law,
                    Noting that the Government of Colombia and the armed group that calls itself
               Estado Mayor Central (EMC) have initiated dialogue towards the construction of
               peace and the re-establishment of a ceasefire agreement,

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                     Having considered the recommendations and proposals of the Secretary-General
               regarding options for the verification and monitoring of ceasefires set out in his letter
               of 13 June 2023 (S/2023/438),
                     1.   Decides that, in addition to the provisions of the Verification Mission’s
               existing mandate as set out in resolution 2655 (2022) and resolution 2673 (2023), the
               Verification Mission shall monitor and verify the implementation of the ceasefire as
               outlined in the Second Cuba Agreement between the Government of Colombia a nd
               the ELN and to that end authorises up to 68 additional international observers to the
               Mission’s existing complement, as well as an appropriate civilian component taking
               into account existing resources where possible;
                     2.   Expresses its willingness to consider mandating the Verification Mission
               to monitor and verify the implementation of a ceasefire agreement between the
               Government of Colombia and the armed group that calls itself EMC when the
               Secretary-General confirms a ceasefire including appropriate verification protocols
               has been reached, and taking into account an update from the Secretary-General on
               the progress of implementation of this resolution;
                     3.    Welcomes the Secretary-General’s proposal to incorporate reporting with
               respect to the additional tasks set out in this resolution within the same quarterly
               reporting cycle already established by resolution 2655 (2022) as well as the Secretary-General’s proposal to keep the Council abreast of the situation on the ground
               including the contribution of the ceasefire to the improvement of the humanitarian
               situation in conflict-affected areas, in accordance with the UN’s current mandate.

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Security Council resolution 2694 (2023) [on expansion of the mandate of the UN Verification Mission in Colombia]

S/78 [302] COLOMBIA--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/ X Identical letters dated 19 January 2016 from the Permanent Representative of Colombia to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council (S/2016/53).

UN Verification Mission in Colombia|Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)|Final Agreement for Ending the Conflict and Building a Stable and Lasting Peace in Colombia (2016)|SPECIAL MISSIONS|PEACE AGREEMENTS|VERIFICATION|COLOMBIA


Mali


               United Nations                                                                 S/RES/2695 (2023)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               31 August 2023

               Resolution 2695 (2023)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 9409th meeting, on
               31 August 2023

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling all its previous resolutions on Lebanon, in particular resolutions 425
               (1978), 426 (1978), 1559 (2004), 1680 (2006), 1701 (2006), 1773 (2007), 1832
               (2008), 1884 (2009), 1937 (2010) and 2004 (2011), 2064 (2012), 2115 (2013), 2172
               (2014) and 2236 (2015), 2305 (2016), 2373 (2017), 2433 (2018), 2485 (2019), 2539
               (2020), 2591 (2021) and 2650 (2023) as well as the statements of its President on the
               situation in Lebanon and the Press statements dated 19 December 2016, 27 March
               2018, 9 August 2018, 8 February 2019, 27 September 2021, 4 February 2022, 25 May
               2022, 7 July 2022, 19 October 2022 and 15 December 2022,
                    Strongly urging the Lebanese political leadership and Members of Parliament to
               assume their responsibilities and prioritise the national interest by electing a new
               President without further delay,
                     Expressing grave concern about the obstacles to the political process and
               implementation of the necessary reforms including economic reforms, stressing the
               urgent need for the Lebanese authorities to respond to the aspirations of the Lebanese
               people in order to overcome and recover from the current unprecedented acute
               political, social, economic and humanitarian crises by the urgent implementation of
               previously outlined tangible reforms that would enable the quick conclusion of an
               agreement with the IMF and the implementation of the commitments made by
               Lebanon in the framework of the CEDRE conference of 6 April 2018 as well as the
               International Support Group for Lebanon meeting in Paris on 11 December 2019,
               reiterating support to Lebanon to help it exit the current crises and to address the
               economic, security, and humanitarian challenges, underlining the importance of
               delivering reforms to ensure effective international support and calling upon the
               international community, including international organizations, to do so,
                    Welcoming the delineation by Lebanon and Israel, through mediation, of a
               maritime boundary on 27 October, 2022, which will contribute to the stability, the
               security, and the prosperity of the region,
                    Expressing its solidarity with Lebanon and its people in the aftermath of the
               explosions which struck Beirut on 4 August 2020, causing a significant number of
               casualties and wounding thousands of people, including some United Nations Interim
               Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) personnel, and causing severe damages to commercial
               and residential infrastructures as well as to UNIFIL capacities, welcoming the

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               International Conference on Assistance and Support to Lebanon and Beirut, organized
               on the 9 August 2020 by France and the United Nations and the follow-up
               International Conferences organized by France and the United Nations on 2 December
               2020 and 4 August 2021, further calling the international community to reinforce its
               support to Lebanon and its people in that context, deploring the lack of progress of
               an independent, impartial, thorough and transparent investigation into the explosions
               by the Lebanese judicial system, and further stressing the need for such an
               investigation,
                     Responding to the request of the Government of Lebanon to extend the mandate
               of the UNIFIL for a period of one year presented in a letter from the Lebanese
               caretaker Minister for Foreign Affairs and Emigrants to the Secretary General of
               21 June 2023 and welcoming the letter from the Secretary-General to its President of
               3 August 2023 (S/2023/587) recommending this extension,
                     Reiterating its strong support for the territorial integrity, sovereignty and
               political independence of Lebanon,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to the full implementation of all provisions of
               resolution 1701 (2006), and aware of its responsibilities to help secure a permanent
               ceasefire and a long-term solution as envisioned in the resolution,
                     Expressing deep concern at the continued lack of progress made towards the
               establishment of a permanent ceasefire and other key provisions of resolution 1701
               (2006) seventeen years after its adoption,
                    Calling upon all concerned parties to strengthen their efforts, including by
               exploring concrete solutions with the Special Coordinator of the Secretary -General
               and the UNIFIL Force Commander, to fully implement all provisions of resolution
               1701 (2006) without delay,
                    Expressing deep concern at all violations, both by air and ground, in connection
               with resolution 1701 (2006) as underlined by the Secretary-General in his reports,
               and recalling the importance of control of the Government of Lebanon over all
               Lebanese territory,
                    Expressing concern at the continued Israeli presence in northern Ghajar and an
               adjacent area north of the Blue Line, and underlining that the continuation of
               construction works in the area run contrary to the necessary withdrawal of the Israel
               Defense Forces,
                     Expressing concern regarding the installation of tents south of the Blue Line in
               the occupied Shab’a Farms, near Bastrah, with individuals crossing from north of the
               Blue Line to access the structure which the Secretary-General assesses constitutes a
               violation of resolution 1701,
                    Underlining the risk that violations of the cessation of hostilities could lead to
               a new conflict that none of the parties or the region can afford,
                     Urging all parties to make every effort to ensure that the cessation of hostilities
               is sustained, exercise maximum calm and restraint and refrain from any action or
               rhetoric that could jeopardize the cessation of hostilities or destabilize the region,
                     Condemning the incidents of August-September 2019, 14 April 2020, 17 April
               2020, 27 July 2020 May 2021, 20 July 2021, 4–6 August 2021, 25 April 2022, 6 and
               7 April 2023 and 6 July 2023 which occurred across the Blue Line, calling on the
               parties to resort to the Tripartite Mechanism when such incidents occur, and further
               commending the liaison and prevention role played by UNIFIL allowing for
               de-escalation,

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                Emphasizing to all parties the importance of full compliance with the
           prohibition on sales and supply of arms and related materiel established by resolution
           1701 (2006), and reiterating its call for the Government of Lebanon to secure its
           borders and other entry points to prevent the entry in Lebanon without its consent of
           arms or related materiel and for UNIFIL, as authorized in paragraph 11 of resolution
           1701 (2006) to assist the Government of Lebanon at its request,
                Reiterating the importance of the extension of the control of the Government of
           Lebanon over all Lebanese territory in accordance with the provisions of resolution
           1559 (2004) and resolution 1680 (2006), and of the relevant provisions of the Taif
           Accords,
                 Encouraging all Lebanese parties to resume discussions towards a consensus on
           a National Defence Strategy through a national dialogue as soon as a new President
           is elected, in accordance with relevant Security Council resolutions and the Taif
           Agreement,
                 Recalling the utmost importance that all parties concerned respect the Blue Line
           in its entirety, noting with concern the installation of containers and other
           infrastructure along the Blue Line which restrict UNIFIL’s access to, or visibility of
           the Blue Line, and whose proximity to UNIFIL positions is also of concern, also
           noting with great and increasing concern that UNIFIL still has not been able to access
           unauthorized firing ranges and all relevant locations north of the Blue Line related to
           the discovery of tunnels crossing the Blue Line which UNIFIL reported as a violation
           of resolution 1701 (2006), and urging the Lebanese authorities to urgently conclude
           all necessary investigations on the matter, in line with resolution 1701 (2006),
                 Noting the lack of progress in the marking of the Blue Line, encouraging the
           parties to resume and accelerate their efforts in coordination with UNIFIL, including
           through the tripartite mechanism, to continue working in the ongoing process to
           delineate and visibly mark the Blue Line in its entirety, as well as to move forward
           on the marking of its points of contention, as recommended by the Strategic Review,
           and encouraging all parties to refrain from any unilateral action which could risk
           undermining the integrity of the Blue Line,
                 Condemning in the strongest terms all attempts to threaten the security and
           stability of Lebanon,
                 Reaffirming its determination to ensure that no acts of intimidation prevent
           UNIFIL from implementing its mandate in accordance with Security C ouncil
           resolution 1701 (2006), recalling the necessity for all parties to ensure that UNIFIL
           personnel are secure and their freedom of movement is fully respected and unimpeded
           and continues to respect the separate, supporting mandate under which Observer
           Group Lebanon operates, condemning in the strongest terms all attempts to restrict
           the freedom of movement of UNIFIL’s personnel, all acts of harassment and
           intimidation and all attacks against peacekeepers, including the attacks against
           UNIFIL forces on 4 August 2018 near the town of Majdal Zun, on 25 May 2020 in
           the town of Belida Southern Lebanon, and on the 10 February 2020, in Brashit, on
           22 December 2021 in Shaqra, on 4 January 2022 in Bint Jubayl, on 13 January 2022
           in Ayta al Sha’b and on 25 January 2022 in Ramiyah and strongly condemning in
           particular the fatal attack on a UNIFIL convoy near Aqibiyah on 14 December 2022
           during which a peacekeeper was killed and three others were injured, and und erlining
           that all parties must abide by their obligations to respect the safety of UNIFIL and all
           United Nations personnel,
                 Urging the Lebanese authorities to swiftly provide UNIFIL with further updates
           on the actions taken and finalise investigations on these matters, and taking note of
           the issuance of an indictment on 1 June by the military investigative judge in relation

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               with the killing of a peacekeeper and injuries to three other peacekeepers in the fatal
               attack on the UNIFIL convoy near Aqibiyah on 14 December 2022,
                     Expressing concern regarding the electronic signature of the fire control radar
               of an F16 aircraft radar in lock-on mode on a UNIFIL Maritime Task Force vessel on
               26 April 2023, and underlining that all parties must abide by their obliga tions to
               respect the safety of UNIFIL and all United Nations personnel,
                    Recalling the importance of ensuring the protection of children and taking
               appropriate measures in this regard, in line with relevant Security Council resolutions
               on Children and armed conflict,
                    Recalling the relevant principles contained in the Convention on the Safety of
               United Nations and Associated Personnel,
                    Commending the active role and dedication of the personnel of UNIFIL and
               expressing its strong appreciation to Member States that contribute to UNIFIL and
               underlining the necessity that UNIFIL has at its disposal all necessary means and
               equipment to carry out its mandate,
                    Recognizing that UNIFIL has successfully implemented its mandate since 2006
               and has allowed for maintaining peace and security since then,
                     Recalling the request from the Government of Lebanon to deploy an
               international force to assist it to exercise its authority th roughout the territory, and
               reaffirming UNIFIL’s authority to take all necessary action in areas of operations of
               its forces and as it deems within its capabilities, to ensure that its area of operations
               is not utilized for hostile activities of any kind and to resist attempts by forceful means
               to prevent it from discharging its mandate,
                     Welcoming the crucial role played by the Lebanese Armed Forces and security
               forces, as the only legitimate armed forces in Lebanon, in extending and sustaining
               the authority of the Government of Lebanon, in particular in southern Lebanon, and
               responding to other security challenges, including the threat of terrorism, and the
               strong international commitment to support the Lebanese Armed Forces, which has
               helped strengthen the capability of the Lebanese Armed Forces to provide security
               for Lebanon, strongly urging further and increased international support to the
               Lebanese Armed Forces in the context of the current economic crisis, and further
               noting the relevance of this increased capacity in relation to their efforts to coordinate
               with UNIFIL in the implementation of the UNIFIL mandate, and calling upon
               Member States to urgently assist the Lebanese Armed Forces as needed to enable it
               to perform its duties in line with resolution 1701 (2006),
                    Expressing concern about the strong negative impact of the current social,
               economic and humanitarian crises on the capacities of the Lebanese Armed Forces
               and security forces,
                     Recalling resolution 2378 (2017) and its request of the Secretary-General to
               ensure that data related to the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations, including
               peacekeeping performance data, is used to improve analytics and the evaluation of
               mission operations, based on clear and well identified benchmarks, further recalling
               resolution 2436 (2018) and its request of the Secretary-General to ensure that
               decisions to recognize and incentivize outstanding performance and decisions
               regarding deployment, remediation, training, withholding of financial
               reimbursement, and repatriation of uniformed or dismissal of civilian personnel, are
               predicated on objective performance data, and emphasizing the need to regularly
               evaluate UNIFIL’s performance such that the mission retains the skills and flexibility
               needed to effectively carry out its mandate,

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                 Also recalling resolution 2242 (2015) and its request of the Secretary-General
           to initiate, in collaboration with Member States, a revised strategy, within existing
           resources, to double the number of women in military and police contingents of UN
           peacekeeping operations,
                 Emphasizing the need to regularly review all peacekeeping operations to ensure
           efficiency and effectiveness, including reviews of UNIFIL when appropriate, taking
           into account developments on the ground,
                 Bearing in mind the strategic priorities and recommendations identified by the
           Secretary-General in his letter of 12 March 2012 (S/2012/151) as a result of the
           Strategic Review of UNIFIL, taking note of his letter of 8 March 2017 (S/2017/202)
           as a result of the most recent Strategic Review of UNIFIL, and expressing the need
           for a follow-up and update,
                 Welcoming the Secretary-General’s 1 June 2020 Assessment of UNIFIL and
           noting with appreciation the recommendations to further increase the efficiency and
           effectiveness of UNIFIL,
                 Determining that the situation in Lebanon continues to constitute a threat to
           international peace and security,
                1.    Decides to extend the present mandate of UNIFIL until 31 Aug ust 2024;
                 2.   Commends the positive role of UNIFIL, whose deployment together with
           the Lebanese Armed Forces has helped to establish a new strategic environment in
           southern Lebanon, welcomes the expansion of coordinated activities between UNIFIL
           and the Lebanese Armed Forces, and calls for further enhancement of this cooperation
           without prejudice to UNIFIL’s mandate;
                3.     Affirms its strong continuing commitment to the existing UNIFIL mandate
           and calls for the full implementation of resolution 1701 (2006);
                 4.    Reiterates its call for Israel and Lebanon to support a permanent ceasefire
           and a long-term solution based on the principles and elements set out in paragraph 8
           of resolution 1701 (2006);
                 5.   Strongly reaffirms the necessity of an effective and durable deployment of
           the Lebanese Armed Forces in southern Lebanon and the territorial waters of Lebanon
           at an accelerated pace to fully implement the provisions of resolution 1701 (2006)
           and requests the Secretary-General to include in his future reports assessments of
           progress made in this regard and calls for renewed engagement of UNIFIL and the
           Lebanese Armed Forces in the Strategic Dialogue, which aims at carrying out analysis
           of ground forces and maritime assets and setting a series of benchmarks reflecting the
           correlation between the capacities and responsibilities of UNIFIL vis -à-vis those of
           the Lebanese Armed Forces;
                 6.  Reiterates its request for precise benchmarks and timelines to be jointly
           and promptly elaborated by the Lebanese Armed Forces and the Secretary -General,
           for the deployments in paragraph 5, with a view to identifying Lebanese A rmed
           Forces progress in implementing tasks mandated in resolution 1701 (2006);
                7.     Reiterates its call for the Government of Lebanon to present a plan to
           increase its naval capabilities as soon as possible, including with appropriate support
           from the international community, with the goal of ultimately decreasing UNIFIL’s
           Maritime Taskforce and transitioning its responsibilities to the Lebanese Armed
           Forces (LAF), in close conjunction with the effective build -up of the capabilities of
           the Lebanese Navy, takes note in that regard of the letter dated 12 March 2019 to the
           United Nations outlining the commitment of the Government of Lebanon and

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               welcomes its ongoing efforts towards that goal; takes note of the impact of the Beirut
               explosions on 4 August 2020 on the operations of the LAF;
                     8.   Welcomes the report of the Secretary-General on the assessment of the
               continued relevance of UNIFIL’s resources and options for improving the efficiency
               and effectiveness between UNIFIL and UNSCOL, taking into consideration the troop
               ceiling and the civilian component of UNIFIL (S/2020/473) and requests the
               Secretary-General to continue the implementation of his detailed plan, with timelines
               and specific modalities, in full and close consultation with the parties, including
               Lebanon, the troop-contributing countries and the Members of the Security Council,
               to implement recommendations, as appropriate, and further requests him to
               periodically update the Security Council on this process;
                     9.    Strongly encourages the Government of Lebanon to accelerate its
               deployment of a model regiment and an offshore patrol vessel in UNIFIL’s area of
               operations to advance the implementation of resolution 1701 (2006) and the authority
               of the Lebanese State, recalls in this regard the joint statement issued at the end of
               the 15 March 2018 Rome Conference, in particular Lebanon’s concept for a new
               Model Regiment proposed in the context of the ongoing Strategic Dialogue between
               the LAF and UNIFIL, welcomes the inauguration of the model regiment headquarters
               on 13 June 2022 and the subsequent deployment of 76 personnel, calls upon the
               Lebanese Armed Forces to work towards a full deployment of model regiment troops
               at the earliest opportunity, including with the meaningful participation of women
               military personnel, and calls on the Lebanese Armed Forces and UNIFIL to strengthen
               their coordinated actions;
                    10. Strongly urges further and increased international support for the Lebanese
               Armed Forces and all state security institutions, which are the only legi timate armed
               forces of Lebanon, in response to the capabilities development plan of the Lebanese
               Armed Forces, as well as in the framework of the International Support Group for
               Lebanon, through additional and expedited assistance in areas where the Lebane se
               Armed Forces are most critically in need of support, including daily logistical needs
               and maintenance, counter-terrorism, border protection and naval capacity;
                    11. Condemns all violations of the Blue Line, both by air and ground, and
               strongly calls upon all parties to respect their obligations under international law as
               well as the cessation of hostilities, to prevent any violation of the Blue Line and to
               respect it in its entirety, and to cooperate fully with the United Nations and UNIFIL;
                     12. Welcomes the constructive role played by the Tripartite Mechanism in
               facilitating coordination and in de-escalating tensions, and recognizes the mission
               leadership’s active efforts, which has helped to further stabilize the situation along
               the Blue Line and build trust between the parties, expresses in this regard strong
               support for the continued efforts of UNIFIL to engage with both parties to facilitate
               liaison, coordination, and practical arrangements on the ground and to continue to
               ensure that the Tripartite Mechanism enables the parties to discuss a wider range of
               issues, and encourages UNIFIL, in close coordination with the parties, to implement
               measures to further reinforce the capacities of the Tripartite mechanism, including the
               creation of additional ad hoc sub-committees, as recommended in the assessment
               report of the Secretary-General, strongly urges the parties to make a systematic,
               constructive and expanded use of the Tripartite mechanism, including the
               subcommittee on the marking of the Blue Line and additional ad hoc sub-committees
               and to accelerate efforts to delineate and visibly mark the Blue Line in its entirety, as
               well as to move forward on resolving points of contention;
                    13. Stresses the need to foster enhanced cooperation between UNIFIL an d the
               Office of the United Nations Special Coordinator for Lebanon (UNSCOL), with the
               goal of improving the effectiveness and efficiency of the missions, welcomes in this

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           regard the improvements accomplished by the United Nations in terms of efficiencies
           and effectiveness between UNIFIL and UNSCOL and encourages the Secretary -
           General to further these efforts;
                 14. Urges all parties to abide scrupulously by their obligation to respect the
           safety of UNIFIL and other United Nations personnel, calls on them to take all
           appropriate measures to enhance the safety and security of United Nations personnel
           and equipment, and reiterates its call for closer cooperation between UNIFIL and the
           Lebanese Armed Forces in particular regarding coordinated and adjacent patrol s,
           welcomes the commitment of the Lebanese authorities to protect UNIFIL movements
           and access, and reiterates its call for the rapid finalization of the investigations
           launched by Lebanon regarding all attacks against UNIFIL and its personnel, in
           particular the incidents of 4 August 2018, 10 February 2020, 22 December 2021, 4,
           13 and 25 January 2022 in UNIFIL’s area of operations, as well as the fatal incident
           that took place on 14 December 2022, in order to swiftly bring to justice the
           perpetrators of these attacks, recalls the necessity for the Lebanese authorities to
           investigate all attacks against UNIFIL and its personnel in line with resolution 2589
           (2021) and bring to justice the perpetrators of those incidents in accordance with the
           Lebanese law and requests the Secretary-General to report to the Council, within a
           reasonable timeframe, when such incidents occur as well as, when appropriate, on the
           follow-up of the related pending investigations;
                 15. Urges all parties to cooperate fully with the Head of Mission and UNIFIL
           in the implementation of resolution 1701, as well as to ensure that the freedom of
           movement of UNIFIL in all its operations and UNIFIL’s access to the Blue Line in all
           its parts is fully respected and unimpeded, in conformity with its mandate and its rules
           of engagement, including by avoiding any course of action which endangers United
           Nations personnel, reaffirms that, pursuant to the Agreement on the Status of the
           United Nations Interim Forces in Lebanon (SOFA) between the Government of
           Lebanon and the United Nations, UNIFIL does not require prior authorization or
           permission to undertake its mandated tasks and that UNIFIL is authorized to conduct
           its operation independently, while continuing to coordinate with the Government of
           Lebanon, as per the SOFA, condemns in the strongest terms all attempts to deny
           access or restrict the freedom of movement of UNIFIL’s personnel and all attacks on
           UNIFIL personnel and equipment as well as acts of harassment and intimidation of
           UNIFIL personnel and disinformation campaigns against UNIFIL; calls on the
           Government of Lebanon to facilitate UNIFIL’s prompt and full access to sites
           requested by UNIFIL for the purpose of swift investigation, includin g all locations of
           interest, all relevant locations north of the Blue Line related to the discovery of
           tunnels crossing the Blue Line which UNIFIL reported as a violation of resolution
           1701 (2006), and unauthorized firing ranges in line with resolution 1701, while
           respecting the Lebanese Sovereignty;
                16. Demands the parties cease any restrictions and hindrances to the
           movement of UNIFIL personnel and guarantee the freedom of movement of UNIFIL,
           including by allowing announced and unannounced patrols;
                17. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to take all appropriate
           measures to review and enhance the safety and security of peacekeeping personnel of
           UNIFIL, in line with resolution 2518 (2020), the Action Plan on improving safety and
           security related to the report on “Improving Security of United Nations Peacekeepers”
           and other relevant Security Council resolutions;
                18. Urges all parties to cooperate fully with the Security Council and the
           Secretary-General to make tangible progress towards a permanent ceasefire and a
           long-term solution as envisioned in resolution 1701 (2006) and on all outstanding

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               issues in the implementation of Security Council resolutions 1701 (2006), 1680
               (2006) and 1559 (2004), and other relevant Security Council resolutions;
                     19. Strongly urges the Government of Israel to expedite the withdrawal of its
               army from northern Ghajar and the adjacent area north of the Blue Line without
               further delay in coordination with UNIFIL, which has actively engaged Israel and
               Lebanon to facilitate such a withdrawal;
                     20. Reaffirms its call on all States to fully support and respect the
               establishment between the Blue Line and the Litani River of an area free of any armed
               personnel, assets and weapons other than those of the Government of Lebanon and
               UNIFIL;
                     21. Condemns the continued maintenance of arms outside the control of the
               Lebanese State by armed groups in violation of resolution 1701 (2006) and recalls
               paragraph 15 of resolution 1701 (2006) according to which all States shall take the
               necessary measures to prevent, by their nationals or from their territories or using flag
               vessels or aircraft, the sale or supply of arms and related materiel to any e ntity or
               individual in Lebanon other than those authorized by the Government of Lebanon or
               UNIFIL;
                      22. Acting in support of a request from the Government of Lebanon to deploy
               an international force to assist it to exercise its authority throughout the ter ritory,
               recalls its authorization to UNIFIL to take all necessary action in areas of deployment
               of its forces and as it deems within its capabilities, to ensure that its area of operations
               is not utilized for hostile activities of any kind, to resist attem pts by forceful means
               to prevent it from discharging its duties under the mandate of the Security Council,
               and to protect United Nations personnel, facilities, installations and equipment,
               ensure the security and freedom of movement of United Nations perso nnel,
               humanitarian workers and, without prejudice to the responsibility of the Government
               of Lebanon, to protect civilians under imminent threat of physical violence;
                     23. Commends UNIFIL’s operational changes in line with resolution 2373
               (2017) and resolution 2433 (2018) and the adoption in February 2023 of a strategy to
               address misinformation and disinformation in line with resolution 2650 (2022) and
               reiterates its request that the Secretary-General look at ways to enhance UNIFIL’s
               efforts as regards paragraph 12 of resolution 1701 (2006) and paragraph 13 of this
               resolution, including ways to increase UNIFIL’s visible presence, including through
               patrols and inspections, within its existing mandate and capabilities, requests UNIFIL
               to improve its communication efforts to support the implement ation of its mandate,
               enhance its protection, and raise awareness on its mandate, its role, and its authority
               to operate independently, as well as to underscore the role and responsibilities of the
               Lebanese authorities in line with resolution 1701, and to keep on prioritizing the
               development of an annual strategic communications strategy outlining how it will
               improve these efforts, and requests UNIFIL to strengthen its efforts to monitor and to
               counter disinformation and misinformation that might hinder the mission’s ability to
               implement its mandate or threaten the safety and security of peacekeepers and to
               develop an annual strategy to counter disinformation and misinformation;
                     24. Recalls the decision that UNIFIL shall assist the government of Lebanon,
               at its request, as set out in paragraph 14 of resolution 1701 (2006) and within its
               capabilities, to implement resolution 1701 (2006);
                    25. Underscores that the sustainability of peace and security supports is
               improved by the implementation of the United Nations Department of Operational
               Support’s Environment Strategy (Phase II), which emphasizes good stewardship of
               resources and a positive legacy of the mission, and identifies the goal of expanded

8/10                                                                                23-16869

                                                                                S/RES/2695 (2023)

           renewable energy use in missions to enhance safety and security, save costs, offer
           efficiencies and benefit the mission;
                 26. Welcomes the efforts being undertaken by UNIFIL to implement the
           Secretary-General’s zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to
           ensure full compliance of its personnel with the United Nations code of conduct,
           requests the Secretary-General to continue to take necessary measures to ensure full
           compliance of all personnel, civilian and uniformed, in UNIFIL with the United
           Nations zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to keep the
           Security Council fully informed about the Mission’s progress in this regard, stresses
           the need to prevent such exploitation and abuse and to improve how allegations are
           addressed in line with its resolution 2272 (2016), and urges troop-contributing
           countries to continue taking appropriate preventative action, including vetting of all
           personnel, pre-deployment and in-mission awareness training, and to take appropriate
           steps to ensure full accountability in cases of such conduct involving their personnel,
           including through timely investigations of allegations, as appropriate, and to hold
           perpetrators accountable and repatriate units when there is credible evidence of
           widespread or systemic sexual exploitation and abuse by those units;
                  27. Requests UNIFIL to take fully into account gender considerations as a
           cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the Lebanese authorities in
           ensuring the full, equal, effective and meaningful participation, involvement and
           representation of women at all levels of decision -making in all efforts for the
           maintenance and promotion of peace and security, including in the security sector,
           further requests continued reporting by UNIFIL to the Security Council on this issue,
           and request UNIFIL to continue supporting these efforts within its mandate welcomes
           the continued progress made to implement Lebanon’s first National Action Plan on
           Women, Peace and Security, commends the increase in women’s participation in the
           LAF Military Academy and encourages the Government of Lebanon to continue to
           fully implement its National Action Plan, with the support of the United Nations and
           women’s civil society organizations, as soon as possible, including to prevent and
           respond to sexual and gender based violence and to increase women’s representation
           in all levels of Lebanon’s security forces and governments;
                 28. Requests the Secretary-General and the troop-contributing countries to
           seek to increase the number of women in UNIFIL, as well as to ensure the full,
           effective and meaningful participation of women in all aspects of operations and to
           implement relevant provisions of resolution 2538 (2020) in this regard;
                29. Requests the Secretary-General, in the planning and conduct of UNIFIL’s
           operations, to implement peacekeeping performance requirements under resolutions
           2378 (2017) and 2436 (2018);
                 30. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to report to the Council on the
           implementation of resolution 1701 (2006), every four months, or at any time as he
           deems appropriate, and to include in his reporting a prompt and detailed breakdown
           of all resolution 1701 (2006) violations, clarifications by the parties and updates on
           all efforts to hold perpetrators of such violations accountable as well as pending
           investigations into such violations of resolution 1701, prompt and detailed reports on
           violations of the sovereignty of Lebanon, on restrictions to UNIFIL’s freedom of
           movement, including details concerning requests submitted by UNIFIL to the
           Lebanese authorities and any additional steps taken by UNIFIL, attacks, provocations
           and incitement to hatred and violence and disinformation and misinformation
           campaigns against UNIFIL, an annex on progress made in mobilization of
           international support for the LAF, an enhanced annex on the implementation on the
           arms embargo, reports on specific areas where UNIFIL does not access and on the
           reasons behind these restrictions, potential risks to the cessation of hostilities and

23-16869                                                                                9/10

S/RES/2695 (2023)

               UNIFIL’s response as well as reports on progress made as regards the detailed plan
               on the implementation of the 1 June assessment report as set out in paragraph 8 of the
               present resolution and on additional identified efficiencies to most appropriately fulfil
               its mandated tasks; measures to keep on improving external communication of the
               mission and to counter disinformation and misinformation; requests the Secretary-General to continue to provide concrete and detailed information on the
               aforementioned issues to the Council, in line with changes to enhance reporting since
               the adoption of resolutions 2373 (2017), 2433 (2018), 2485 (2019), 2539 (2020) and
               2650 (2022);
                     31. Stresses the importance of, and the need to achieve, a comprehensive, just
               and lasting peace in the Middle East, based on all its relevant resolutions includin g
               its resolutions 242 (1967) of 22 November 1967, 338 (1973) of 22 October 1973,
               1515 (2003) of 19 November 2003 and 1850 (2008) of 16 December 2008;
                    32.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

10/10                                                                                23-16869

Security Council resolution 2695 (2023) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) until 31 Aug. 2024]

S/78 [57] UN INTERIM FORCE IN LEBANON
S/78 [54] MIDDLE EAST SITUATION
S/78 [52] ISRAEL--LEBANON
S/ X The situation in the Middle East.

UN Interim Force in Lebanon|Lebanon. Armed Forces|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|LEBANON|ISRAEL|MIDDLE EAST SITUATION


               United Nations                                                                S/RES/2696 (2023)
               Security Council                                               Distr.: General
                                                                              7 September 2023

               Resolution 2696 (2023)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 9412th meeting, on
               7 September 2023

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling all its previous resolutions and statements of its President on the
               situation in Somalia,
                    Reaffirming its respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, political
               independence and unity of Somalia,
                    Welcoming the constructive engagement between the Federal Government of
               Somalia, Jubaland State Government and Panel of Experts on the matter of charcoal
               stockpiles in and around Kismayo,
                    Taking note of the correspondence between the Federal Government of Somalia
               and the Committee established pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) (the Committee)
               regarding the disposal of this charcoal,
                     Determining that the situation in Somalia continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                    1.    Recalls paragraph 36 of resolution 2662 (2022), and takes note of the
               proposal presented to the Committee by the Federal Government of Somalia for the
               one-off, complete disposal of the charcoal stockpile by export in a letter dated
               14 August 2023 (OP/NSA/1121/023);
                     2.    Decides to authorise the Federal Government of Somalia to implement this
               proposal as a one-off exemption to the ban on the import and export of charcoal from
               Somalia, as set out in paragraph 22 of its resolution 2036 (2012), and paragraphs 11
               to 21 of resolution 2182 (2014);
                    3.  Directs the Committee to follow up on the above decision and the
               implementation of the Federal Government of Somalia’s proposal;
                    4.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

23-17277 (E)
*2317277*

Security Council resolution 2696 (2023) [on disposal of Somalia's charcoal stockpiles as a one-off exemption to previous resolutions]

S/78 [84] SOMALIA SITUATION
S/ X The situation in Somalia.


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2697 (2023)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                15 September 2023

               Resolution 2697 (2023)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 9419th meeting, on
               15 September 2023

                    The Security Council,
                    Reaffirming its resolutions 1265 (1999), 1325 (2000), 1368 (2001), 1373 (2001),
               1624 (2005), 1894 (2009), 2106 (2013), 2150 (2014), 2170 (2014), 2178 (2014), 2199
               (2015), 2242 (2015), 2249 (2015), 2253 (2015), 2322 (2016), 2331 (2016), 2341
               (2017), 2347 (2017), 2354 (2017), 2367 (2017), 2368 (2017), 2370 (2017), 2490
               (2019), 2544 (2020), 2597 (2021), 2651 (2022) and its relevant presidential
               statements,
                    Reaffirming its respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, independence
               and unity of Iraq, in accordance with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the
               United Nations,
                     Recalling that ISIL/Da’esh constitutes a global threat to international peace and
               security through its terrorist acts, its violent extremist ideology, its continued gross,
               systematic and widespread attacks directed against civilians, its violations of
               international humanitarian law and abuses of human rights, particularly those
               committed against women and children, and including those motivated by religious
               or ethnic grounds, and its recruitment and training of foreign terrorist fighters whose
               threat affects all regions and Member States,
                     Condemning the commission of acts by ISIL/Da’esh involving murder,
               kidnapping, hostage-taking, suicide bombings, enslavement, sale into or otherwise
               forced marriage, trafficking in persons, rape, sexual slavery and other forms of sexual
               violence, recruitment and use of children, attacks on critical infrastructure, as well as
               its destruction of cultural heritage, including archaeological sites, and trafficking of
               cultural property,
                     Recognizing that the commission of such acts which may amount to war crimes,
               crimes against humanity or genocide, is part of the ideology and strategic objectives
               of ISIL/Da’esh, and used by ISIL/Da’esh as a tactic of terrorism, and that holding
               ISIL/Da’esh members accountable, particularly those who bear the greatest
               responsibility, including in terms of leadership, which can include regional or
               mid-level commanders, and the ordering and commission of crimes, will further
               expose this, and could assist in countering terrorism and violent extremism which can
               be conducive to terrorism, including by stemming financing and the continued flow
               of international recruits to the terrorist group ISIL/Da’esh,

23-17825 (E)
*2317825*

S/RES/2697 (2023)

                    Welcoming the considerable efforts of the Government of Iraq to defeat
               ISIL/Da’esh, and recalling its letter to the Secretary-General and Security Council
               dated 9 August 2017 calling for the assistance of the international community to
               ensure that members of ISIL/Da’esh are held accountable for their crimes in Iraq,
               including where those may amount to crimes against humanity ( S/2017/710),
                     Expressing its appreciation for the valuable contribution of the Investigative
               Team established by resolution 2379 (2017) to support domestic efforts to hold
               members of ISIL/Da’esh accountable by collecting, preserving, and storing evidence
               in Iraq of acts that may amount to war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide
               committed by the terrorist group ISIL/Da’esh in Iraq ,
                    Underscoring the importance of sharing evidence collected by the Investigative
               Team established by resolution 2379 (2017) with the relevant Iraqi authorities, in a
               timely manner, for eventual use in fair and independent criminal proceedings,
               consistent with the applicable international law and the Investigative Team’s Terms
               of Reference,
                    1.   Reaffirms its resolution 2379 (2017), by which the Investigative Team,
               headed by a Special Adviser, was established; and recalls the terms of reference
               approved by the Council (S/2018/119);
                    2.   Takes note of the request from the Government of Iraq for a
               non-extendable one year extension of the mandate of the Special Adviser and the
               Team contained in its letter dated 5 September 2023 ( S/2023/654); and decides
               accordingly to extend the mandate of the Special Adviser and the Team until
               17 September 2024 only;
                    3.    Further takes note of the request from the Government of Iraq for the
               Investigative Team to promote national accountability in Iraq for members of
               ISIL/Da’esh and those who provided assistance and financing to this terrorist
               organisation by providing the evidence it has to the Government of Iraq within the
               next year;
                    4.    Requests the Secretary-General to submit to the Security Council, no later
               than 15 January 2024, a report setting out recommendations for implementing this
               request with full respect for the sovereignty of Iraq;
                     5.    Requests the Investigative Team, with the approval of the Government of
               Iraq, determine the modalities for evidence sharing with third states, further requests
               that the Investigative Team communicate to the Government of Iraq on what previous
               evidence has been shared with third states, and recalls the importance of promoting
               throughout the world, accountability for acts that may amount to war crimes, crimes
               against humanity or genocide committed by ISIL/Da’esh;
                    6.    Requests the Special Adviser to continue to submit and present reports to
               the Council on the Team’s activities every 180 days and to develop, by 15 March
               2024, in consultation with the Government of Iraq, a roadmap for the completion of
               the Team’s mandate, including with respect to Iraq’s request set out in paragraph 3
               and the necessary steps for the Team’s closure;
                    7.    Decides to remain seized of the matter.

2/2                                                                                23-17825

Security Council resolution 2697 (2023) [on extension of the mandate of the Special Adviser and the UN Investigative Team to Promote Accountability for Crimes Committed by Da'esh/Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant until 17 Sept. 2024]

S/78 [119] IRAQ SITUATION
S/ X Threats to international peace and security.

Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (Organization)|UN Investigative Team to Promote Accountability for Crimes Committed by Da'esh/Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant|UN. Special Adviser and Head of the United Nations Investigative Team to Promote Accountability for Crimes Committed by Da'esh/Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant|TERRORISM|WAR CRIMES|CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY|GENOCIDE|ACCOUNTABILITY|IRAQ|CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2698 (2023)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                29 September 2023

               Resolution 2698 (2023)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 9429th meeting, on
               29 September 2023

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolutions 2240 (2015), 2312 (2016), 2380 (2017), 2437 (2018),
               2491 (2019), 2546 (2020), 2598 (2021) and 2652 (2022) and its Presidential
               Statement of 16 December 2015 (S/PRST/2015/25),
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and national unity of Libya,
                    Welcoming the Secretary-General’s report of 30 August 2023 (S/2023/640)
               including its observations on the plight of migrants and refugees in Libya,
                    Mindful of its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace
               and security under the Charter of the United Nations,
                    Welcoming the measures that have been taken to implement resolution 2240
               (2015) encouraging their continuation, and taking note of Operation EUNAVFOR
               MED Irini in this regard,
                     Expressing grave concern at the continued endangerment of lives by the
               smuggling of migrants in the Mediterranean Sea, in particular off the coast of Libya,
               and recognizing that among these migrants may be persons who meet the definition
               of a refugee under the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and the
               1967 Protocol thereto,
                     Emphasizing in this respect that migrants, including asylum-seekers and
               regardless of their migration status, should be treated with humanity and dignity and
               that their rights should be fully respected, and urging all States in this regard to
               comply with their obligations under international law, including international human
               rights law and international refugee law, as applicable, stressing also the obligation
               of States, where applicable, to protect the human rights of migrants regardless of their
               migration status, including when implementing their specific migration and border
               security policies,
                     Reaffirming in this respect the need to promote and protect the human rights and
               fundamental freedoms of all migrants, regardless of their migration status, including
               those of women and children, and to address international migration through
               international, regional or bilateral cooperation and dialogue and through a
               comprehensive and balanced approach, recognizing the roles and responsibilities of

23-18900 (E)
*2318900*

S/RES/2698 (2023)

               countries of origin, transit and destination in promoting and protecting the human
               rights of all migrants, and avoiding approaches that might aggravate their
               vulnerability,
                     Underscoring the importance of a holistic approach to address the root causes
               of irregular migration and further affirming that enhanced cooperation and solidarity
               is more urgent than ever, and that regional cooperation and solutions, as well as
               national efforts place human rights and the dignity of migrants and refugees at the
               front and center,
                    Reaffirming the necessity to put an end to the ongoing proliferation of, and
               endangerment of lives by, the smuggling of migrants and trafficking of persons in the
               Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Libya, and, for these specific purposes, acting
               under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.   Condemns all acts of migrant smuggling and human trafficking into,
               through and from the Libyan territory and off the coast of Libya, which undermine
               further the process of stabilisation of Libya and endanger the lives of hundreds of
               thousands of people;
                    2.   Calls upon Member States to place the human rights and the immediate
               needs of migrants and refugees at the core of their efforts to prevent and counter
               smuggling and trafficking;
                     3.   Decides to renew the authorisations as set out in paragraphs 7, 8, 9 and 10
               of resolution 2240 (2015), for a further period of twelve months from the date of
               adoption of this resolution, reaffirms paragraph 11 thereof and reiterates its
               resolutions 2240 (2015), 2312 (2016), 2380 (2017), 2437 (2018), 2491 (2019), 2546
               (2020), 2598 (2021) and 2652 (2022) and its Presidential Statement S/PRST/2015/25;
                     4.    Emphasises that all migrants, including asylum-seekers, should be treated
               with humanity and dignity and that their rights should be fully respected, and urges
               all States in this regard to comply with their obligations under international law,
               including international human rights law and international refugee law, as applicabl e;
                     5.   Calls upon all States, with relevant jurisdiction under international law
               and national legislation, to investigate and prosecute persons responsible for acts of
               migrant smuggling and human trafficking at sea, in a manner consistent with States’
               obligations under international law, including international human rights law and
               international refugee law, as applicable;
                     6.    Renews the reporting requests set out in paragraph 17 of its resolution 2240
               (2015) from the date of adoption of this resolution, and requests the Secretary-General
               to report to the Security Council eleven months after the adoption of this resolution
               on its implementation, in particular with regard to the implementation of paragraphs
               7 to 10 of its resolution 2240 (2015);
                    7.    Expresses its intention to continue to review the situation and consider, as
               appropriate, renewing the authority provided in this resolution for additional periods;
                    8.    Decides to remain seized of the matter.

2/2                                                                                23-18900

Security Council resolution 2698 (2023) [on renewal of the authorizations as set out in paras. 7, 8, 9 and 10 of Security Council resolution 2240 (2015) concerning migrant smuggling and human trafficking into, through and from the Libyan territory and off the coast of Libya for a period of 12 months]

S/78 [219] LIBYA SITUATION
S/ X Maintenance of international peace and security.

Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS|MIGRANTS|MEDITERRANEAN SEA|LIBYA|CRIME PREVENTION|JURISDICTION OVER SHIPS AT SEA


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2699 (2023)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                2 October 2023

               Resolution 2699 (2023)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 9430th meeting, on
               2 October 2023

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling all its previous resolutions and press statements, and reaffirming
               resolution 2692 (2023), on the situation in Haiti,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and unity of Haiti,
                     Emphasizing that the Government of Haiti has the primary responsibility for the
               provision of security, ensuring stability and respect for the rule of law and human
               rights, and for the protection of civilians across the territory of Haiti, and expressing
               great concern at the increasingly violent actions taken by armed groups and criminal
               networks,
                     Reaffirming the importance of a professional, self-sustaining, fully functioning
               Haitian National Police of adequate size, structure and equipment, able to conduct the
               full spectrum of police functions, for the maintenance of public safety, respect for
               human rights, consolidation of democracy and the revitalization of Haiti’s system of
               justice and encouraging Haiti to pursue actively its plans in these respects,
                     Condemning in the strongest terms the increasing violence, criminal activities,
               and human rights abuses and violations which undermine the peace, stability, and
               security of Haiti and the region, including kidnappings, sexual and gender-based
               violence, trafficking in persons and the smuggling of migrants, homicides,
               extrajudicial killings, as well as arms smuggling,
                     Strongly condemning and expressing deep concern over the gravity and numbers
               of violations and abuses committed against children in Haiti; and urging all actors,
               especially gangs and criminal networks, to immediately end and prevent all violations
               and abuses against children, including those involving killing and maiming,
               recruitment and use, rape and other forms of sexual and gender-based violence,
               particularly against girls, attacks on schools and hospitals, abduction, and denial of
               humanitarian access,
                     Urging all actors, including Haitian gangs and their supporters, to cease their
               destabilizing and criminal activities, and further urging those with the ability to
               influence the gangs to act to stop the blocking of roads required for the supplying of
               and access to local markets and the damaging of sources of food, including crops and

23-18982 (E)
*2318982*

S/RES/2699 (2023)

               livestock, as well as medical, and humanitarian supplies, and highlighting the link
               between violence and food insecurity, that has reached unprecedented levels,
                     Stressing the need to create a safe and secure environment in Haiti and the region
               that enables respect for human rights, in particular women’s rights, and the protection
               of children, is conducive to the rule of law, functional state institutions and an
               effective judicial system, and facilitates the humanitarian delivery of life -sustaining
               water, fuel, food, and medical supplies,
                     Recalling its resolution 2653 (2022), which established sanctions measures in
               response to the threat to international peace and security in the region posed by the
               high levels of gang violence and other criminal activities, as well as of illicit arms
               and financial flows, and further recalling resolution 2664 (2022) which supersedes
               the asset freeze exception set forth in paragraph 10 of resolution 2653,
                    Reaffirming the commitment of the international community to address the
               security and humanitarian needs in Haiti, including through offering conti nued
               support to the United Nations Integrated Office in Haiti (BINUH),
                     Stressing that addressing the root causes of instability in Haiti requires political
               solutions, and in this regard further emphasizing the urgent need to encourage wider
               participation and forge the broadest possible consensus in the political process, with,
               as soon as necessary security conditions are met, a view to holding transparent,
               inclusive, and credible electoral processes and free and fair elections, and restoring
               democratic institutions,
                      Reiterating the need for all Haitian stakeholders, including with BINUH’s
               support, to continue to facilitate a Haitian-led, Haitian-owned political process to
               permit the organization of free and fair legislative and presidential elections, with the
               full, equal, meaningful, and safe participation of women and the engagement of youth,
               civil society, and other relevant stakeholders through an inclusive inter -Haitian
               national dialogue, and further requests all Haitian stakeholders to urgently reach an
               agreement on a sustainable, time-bound and commonly accepted roadmap for
               elections,
                    Taking note of the recent visits by the Eminent Persons Group of Caribbean
               Community (CARICOM) to Haiti and welcoming its continued commitment to
               supporting the political dialogue,
                     Recognizing the key role of countries in the region, as well as regional and
               subregional organizations such as the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), and other
               international partners, in particular the key role of CARICOM and its Eminent
               Persons Group in facilitating the political dialogue, and calling on the international
               community to remain committed to Haiti’s efforts in overcoming the ongoing political
               stalemate and security and humanitarian situation,
                     Taking note of the direct appeal of 6 October 2022 of Haiti’s Council of
               Ministers for the deployment of a specialized international force and technical
               assistance to support the Haitian National Police’s efforts to address high levels of
               gang violence and re-establish security, further taking note of the letter dated
               8 October 2022 of the Secretary-General (S/2022/747), the report of the Secretary-General (document S/2023/274) dated 14 April 2023, and Jamaican statement on
               behalf of CARICOM before the Security Council on 6 July 2023 to authorize
               multinational security efforts with the appropriate mandate to support the Haitian
               National Police,
                    Gravely concerned by the continued and significant deterioration of the
               humanitarian situation in Haiti, including the forced displacement of persons, and
               urging all parties to immediately cease violations and abuses,

2/6                                                                                23-18982

                                                                                S/RES/2699 (2023)

                 Taking note of the need to coordinate, as appropriate, with BINUH and UNODC
           to reduce gang and community violence, as well as to ensure respect for human rights
           and build child protection capacity, and the need to further strengthen training efforts
           by BINUH and international partners to expand the overall capacities of the national
           police beyond security operations, including expanding the number of national police
           officers, continued vetting, enhancing community-oriented policing skills,
           strengthening capacity to prevent and respond to sexual and gender-based violence,
           ensuring the full, equal, and meaningful involvement and r epresentation of women at
           all levels, ensuring respect for the rule of law, and restoring police stations that have
           been destroyed in gang-controlled areas,
                 Underscoring the need for broader efforts beyond the work of the Multinational
           Security Support (MSS) mission to sustainably address the root causes of gang
           violence, which emanate from political, institutional, and socio -economic instability
           and, in this regard, reiterating its call to the international community, including
           international financial institutions, to enhance support for long-term economic, social
           and institutional development in Haiti even after its stability is restored,
                Underscoring the need for the international community to work with the people
           of Haiti in a long-term effort to promote the rebuilding of democratic institutions,
           including the organization of free and fair elections,
                 Welcoming the announcement of 29 July by the Government of Kenya to
           positively consider leading a multinational mission at the invitation of Haiti and in
           response to the appeal by the UN Secretary-General, following consultations with
           Haiti and the unanimous encouragement of security support to Haiti by the Security
           Council in resolution 2692 (2023), and further welcoming the positive responses to
           participate made by several Member States,
                 Taking note of the letter dated 26 September 2023 from the Secretary-General
           addressed to the President of the Security Council ( S/2023/726), strongly expressing
           the desire to obtain authorization from the Security Council under Chapter VII, and
           which expresses hope, following an assessment visit by a Kenyan delegation, that the
           Multinational Security Support mission would help ensure the security of the
           country’s critical infrastructure and would be able to carry out targeted operations, in
           close collaboration with the Haitian National Police,
                 Recognizing the importance and urgency of curbing the illicit trafficking of arms
           and ammunition to Haiti to the creation of a safe operating environment for
           international security support, including the deployment of a multinational security
           support mission,
                 Taking note of the call made by the Government of Kenya on 21 September 2023
           urging the United Nations to urgently deliver an appropriate framework to facilitate
           the deployment of Multinational Security Support as part of a holistic response to
           Haiti’s challenges, calling on the Security Council to approve a resolution under
           Chapter VII that tailors the security support mission to the specific needs of Haiti and
           its people,
                 Determining that the situation in Haiti continues to constitute a threat to
           international peace and security and to stability in the region,
                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                 1.    Authorizes Member States that have notified the Secretary-General of their
           participation to form and deploy a Multinational Security Support (MSS) mission
           with a lead country, in close cooperation and coordination with the Government of
           Haiti, for an initial period of twelve months following the adoption of this resolution,
           to be reviewed nine months after the adoption of this resolution , on the understanding

23-18982                                                                                3/6

S/RES/2699 (2023)

               that the cost of implementing this temporary operation will be borne by voluntary
               contributions and support from individual Member States and regional organizations,
               and in strict compliance with international law, including, interna tional human rights
               law, as applicable, to support the efforts of the Haitian National Police to re -establish
               security in Haiti and build security conditions conducive to holding free and fair
               elections, by:
                     (a) providing operational support to the Haitian National Police, including
               building its capacity through the planning and conduct of joint security support
               operations, as it works to counter gangs and improve security conditions in Haiti,
               characterized by kidnappings, sexual and gender-based violence, trafficking in
               persons and the smuggling of migrants and arms, homicides, extrajudicial killings,
               and recruitment of children by armed groups and criminal networks; and
                    (b) providing support, to the Haitian National Police, for the provision of
               security for critical infrastructure sites and transit locations such as the airport, ports,
               schools, hospitals and key intersections;
                     2.    Calls on the MSS, through its support to the Haitian National Police
               outlined in paragraph 1, to help ensure unhindered and safe access to humanitarian
               aid for the population receiving assistance;
                     3.     Decides that the Multinational Security Support mission, as requested by
               Haiti in its letter dated 22 September 2023, in coordination with the Haitian National
               Police, may, to prevent the loss of life and within the limits of its capacities and areas
               of deployment, adopt urgent temporary measures on an exceptional basis, which are
               limited in scope, time bound, proportionate and consistent with the objectives set
               forth in paragraph 1 above, to help the Haitian National Police maintain basic law and
               order and public safety, including through arrest and detention, as necessary and in
               full compliance with international law, including international human rights law, as
               applicable; and requests the leadership of the Multinational Security Support mission
               to update the Security Council any measures that may be adopted on this basis;
                     4.   Calls on Member States and regional organizations to contribute
               personnel, equipment, and necessary financial and logistic resources based upon the
               urgent needs of the Multinational Security Support mission and invites contributing
               Member States to inform in writing the leadership of the Multinational Security
               Support mission, the Security Council and the Secretary-General of their intent to
               participate in the mission, and further requests Haiti and the leadership of the
               Multinational Security Support mission to update regularly the Security Council and
               the Secretary-General of the progress of deployment of relevant personnel and
               equipment;
                    5.     Authorizes the Member States participating in the Multinational Security
               Support mission in Haiti to take all necessary measures to fulfil its mandate, strictly
               adhering to all international law, including international hu man rights law, as
               applicable;
                     6.    Requests the Multinational Security Support mission to take fully into
               account child protection and the protection of other vulnerable groups as a cross -
               cutting issue throughout its mandate in all the planning and conduct of its operations;
                     7.   Requests Member States participating in the Multinational Security
               Support mission in Haiti to include dedicated expertise in anti -gang operations,
               community-oriented policing, children and women’s protection, and preventing and
               responding to sexual and gender-based violence in a victim-centred manner, and to
               take necessary action to ensure appropriate conduct and discipline and to prevent
               sexual exploitation and abuse, including vetting of all personnel and other safe hiring
               practices, encouraging women’s representation at all levels of the MSS, and

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           predeployment and in-mission awareness training on human rights, child protection,
           and sexual and gender based violence, and to detect incidents when they occur and
           ensure a safe survivor- and victim-centred response in cases of such conduct
           involving their personnel, including through providing safe and accessible complaint
           mechanisms and timely investigations of all allegations of misconduct, to hold
           perpetrators accountable, and to repatriate units when there is credi ble evidence of
           misconduct, including widespread or systemic sexual exploitation and abuse, by those
           units;
                8.    Requests the leadership of the Multinational Security Support mission, in
           coordination with the government of Haiti and Member States participat ing in the
           MSS, to inform the Council, prior to the mission’s full deployment, on information
           including but not limited to the concept of operations developed in consultations and
           cooperation with the government of Haiti and Member States participating in the
           MSS, sequencing of deployment, mission goals and end state, rules of engagement,
           as well as indicative financial needs to be funded by voluntary contributions, and
           number of personnel to be deployed;
                 9.   Reaffirms that the rules of engagement and any directives on the use of
           force are to be developed by the leadership of the Multinational Security Support
           mission in consultation with Haiti and other Member States participating in the MSS
           and should be in full respect of Haiti’s sovereignty and in strict compliance with
           international law, including, international human rights law, as applicable;
                 10. Requests the Member States participating in the Multinational Security
           Support mission in Haiti to ensure the highest standards of transparency, conduct and
           discipline for their contingents operating in the framework of the Multinational
           Security Support mission in Haiti, to establish a robust compliance mechanism to
           prevent, investigate, address and publicly report violations or abuses of human rights
           related to the Multinational Security Support mission in Haiti;
                11. Calls on the Multinational Security Support mission to establish an
           oversight mechanism to prevent human rights violations or abuses, in particular
           sexual exploitation and abuse as well as to ensure that the planning and conduct of
           operations during deployment will be in accordance with applicable international law;
                12. Requests Member States participating in the Multinational Security
           Support mission in Haiti to adopt appropriate wastewater man agement and other
           environmental controls to guard against the introduction and spread of water-borne
           diseases, in accordance with The World Health Organization Water Quality:
           Guidelines, Standards, and Health publication on Assessment of Risk and Risk
           Management for Water-related infectious diseases from 2001, and in cooperation with
           Haitian authorities, which bear shared responsibility for guarding against water-borne
           disease;
                13. Requests the Multinational Security Support mission to cooperate with
           BINUH and relevant UN agencies, including but not limited to UNODC and the
           Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, to support the efforts of the
           Haitian National Police to re-establish security in Haiti, including efforts by the
           Haitian National police to combat illicit trafficking and diversion of arms and related
           materiel and to enhance management and control of borders and ports;
                 14. Decides that paragraph 11 of resolution 2653 (2022) shall be replaced by
           the following:
                      “Decides that, for an initial period of one year from the date of adoption
                of this resolution, all Member States shall take the necessary measures to
                prevent the direct or indirect supply, sale, or transfer to Haiti, from or through
                their territories or by their nationals, or using their flag vessels or aircraft of

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                    small arms, light weapons, and ammunition, and further decides that this
                    measure shall not apply to:
                         a.    The supply, sale, or transfer of small arms, light weapons, or
                    ammunition to the UN or a UN-authorized mission or to a security unit that
                    operates under the command of the Government of Haiti, intended to be used
                    by or in coordination with those entities and intended solely to further the
                    objectives of peace and stability in Haiti;
                          b.     Other supplies, sales, or transfers of small arms, light weapons, and
                    ammunition to Haiti as approved in advance by the Committee established
                    pursuant to resolution 2653 (2022) to further the objectives of peace and
                    stability in Haiti;”
                     15. Calls on all parties in Haiti to cooperate fully with the Multinational
               Security Support mission in the execution of its mandate and to respect the security
               and freedom of movement of the Multinational Security Support mission;
                    16. Requests the Secretary-General to establish a trust fund as a mechanism
               that can facilitate voluntary contributions to the Multinational Security Support
               mission to enable and operationalize the mandate;
                     17. Affirms the Secretary-General may provide logistical support packages to
               the MSS, when requested by the MSS and MSS donors, subject to the full financial
               reimbursement to the United Nations through available voluntary contributions, and
               in full respect of the United Nations Human Rights Due Diligence Policy (HRDDP);
                     18. Requests the leadership of the Multinational Security Support mission to
               ensure the highest standards of transparency and conduct, and to report every three
               months once the MSS is operational on the ground, as a part of regular reporting to
               the Security Council, through the Secretary-General, on the implementation of the
               resolution, including but not limited to composition of the mission, measures to
               ensure appropriate conduct and discipline, and to prevent sexual exploitation and
               abuse; and on investigations of allegations of misconduct and excessive use of force;
                    19. Requests the Secretary-General to provide as part of the Secretary-General’s regular reporting to the Security Council, no later than n ine months
               following adoption of this resolution, recommendations on possible adaptation of the
               mandate of the Multinational Security Support mission or its transformation as
               needed;
                     20. Requests the leadership of the Multinational Security Support missio n to
               develop a strategy for mission conclusion and withdrawal and include information on
               that matter in regular reporting to the Security Council;
                     21. Emphasizes the need for Member States, United Nations organs, bodies
               and agencies, and other international organizations, including international financial
               institutions, to redouble their efforts to promote the institutional, social, and economic
               development of Haiti, in particular for the long-term, in order to achieve and sustain
               stability and combat poverty;
                     22. Strongly urges the Haitian authorities and other stakeholders to cooperate
               fully with the good offices of CARICOM and BINUH to reach compromise for the
               broadest possible consensus as soon as possible;
                    23.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2699 (2023) [on authorization to Member States to form and deploy a Multinational Security Support (MSS) mission in Haiti for an initial period of 1 year]

S/78 [138] HAITI--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/ X The question concerning Haiti.

Multinational Security Support Mission in Haiti|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|INTERNAL SECURITY|HAITI|HAITI QUESTION|POLICE|CAPACITY BUILDING|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|GANGS|SANCTIONS|ILLICIT ARMS TRAFFICKING|SMALL ARMS|TRUST FUNDS

Latin America and the Caribbean|Sub-Saharan Africa


Middle East, including Palestinian question

The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question