               United Nations                                                                 S/RES/2386 (2017)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               15 November 2017

               Resolution 2386 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8101st meeting, on
               15 November 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions and its presidential statements on the
               situation in Sudan and South Sudan, and in particular, resolutions 1990 (2011), 2024
               (2011), 2032 (2011), 2046 (2012), 2047 (2012), 2075 (2012), 2104 (2013), 2126
               (2013), 2156 (2014), 2179 (2014), 2205 (2015), 2230 (2015), 2251 (2015), 2287
               (2016), 2318 (2016), and 2352 (2017) as well as presidential statements
               S/PRST/2012/19 and S/PRST/2013/14, and the Council’s press statements of
               18 June 2012, 21 September 2012, 28 September 2012, 6 May 2013, 14 June 2013,
               14 February 2014, 17 March 2014, 11 December 2014, and 27 November 2015,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of Sudan and South Sudan, and to the purposes and the
               principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and recalling the importance of the
               principles of good neighbourliness, non-interference and regional cooperation,
                     Reiterating that the territorial boundaries of States shall not be altered by
               force, and that any territorial disputes shall be settled exclusively by peaceful
               means, affirming the priority it attaches to the full and urgent implementation of all
               outstanding issues from the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), and
               underscoring that the future status of Abyei shall be resolved b y negotiations
               between the parties in a manner consistent with the CPA and not by the unilateral
               actions of either party,
                    Recalling the commitments made by the Government of Sudan and the
               Government of South Sudan in the 20 June 2011 Agreement between th e
               Government of Sudan and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement on Temporary
               Arrangements for the Administration and Security of the Abyei Area, the 29 June
               2011 Agreement between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of
               South Sudan on Border Security and the Joint Political and Security Mechanism
               (JPSM), and the 30 July 2011 Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission
               between the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan, as well as
               the 27 September 2012 Agreements on Cooperation and Security Arrangements, the
               JPSM’s 8 March 2013 decision, and the Implementation Matrix of 12 March 2013,
               reached by the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan in Addis
               Ababa under the auspices of the African Union High-level Implementation Panel

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               (AUHIP), as well as the extraordinary meetings of the JPSM in October 2015 and
               May 2017 and the ordinary session of the JPSM in June 2016 and October 2017,
                     Encouraging progress on improving bilateral relations between Sudan and
               South Sudan, and stressing the need for regular meetings of the JPSM and other
               joint mechanisms, including the Joint Border Commission and Joint Demarcation
               Committee, to enable dialogue and coordination on matters of border security, and
               recognizing cooperation between Sudan and South Sudan on refugees, humanitarian
               corridors, and trade,
                    Urging the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to reinvigorate progress
               towards implementing the Temporary Arrangements for the Administration and
               Security of the Abyei Area as set out in the 20 June 2011 Agreement,
                     Expressing its full support for the efforts of the African Union on the situation
               between the Republic of Sudan and the Republic of South Sudan, in order to ease
               the current tension, facilitate the resumption of negotiations on post-secession
               relations and the normalization of their relations, and stressing the importance of the
               African Union’s continued engagement,
                     Reaffirming its previous resolutions 1265 (1999), 1296 (2000), 1674 (2006),
               1738 (2006), 1894 (2009) 2175 (2014) and 2222 (2015) on the protection of
               civilians in armed conflict; 1612 (2005), 1882 (2009), 1998 (2011), 2068 (2012),
               2143 (2014) and 2223 (2015) on children and armed conflict; 1502 (2003) on the
               protection of humanitarian and United Nations personnel; and 1325 (2000), 1820
               (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009), 1960 (2010), 2106 (2013), 2122 (2013), and
               2242 (2015) on women, peace and security,
                     Stressing the need for effective human rights monitoring and reporting,
               including of any sexual and gender-based violence and violations and abuses
               committed against women and children, taking note that there have been no
               developments with regard to the operationalization of human rights monitoring in
               the Abyei Area, and reiterating its concern at the lack of cooperation by the parties
               with the Secretary-General to this end,
                     Recalling that its resolution 2086 (2013) reiterates the importance, when
               establishing and renewing the mandates of United Nations Missions, of including
               provisions on the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of women in
               post-conflict situations and on children and armed conflict, and emphasizing that
               persistent barriers to full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000), and subsequent
               resolutions on women, peace, and security, including 2242 (2015), will only be
               dismantled through dedicated commitment to women’s empowerment, participation,
               and human rights, and through concerted leadership, consistent information and
               action, and support, to build women’s engagement in all levels of decision-making,
                     Acknowledging the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan’s acceptance at the 13–14 October 2015 JPSM meeting of the map presented
               by the AUHIP in November 2011 relating to the Safe Demilitarized Bord er Zone
               (SDBZ), their agreement that the centreline is only the location of the separation
               line between armed forces, as well as the parties’ agreement to activate all
               mechanisms relating to the JPSM as provided for in relevant agreements, and
               encouraging the parties to delineate or agree on the coordinates of, and demilitarize
               the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”, and to fully implement the Joint Border
               Verification and Monitoring Mechanism (JBVMM), in accordance with Security
               Council resolution 2046 (2012) and the AUPSC Roadmap of 24 April 2012, and
               underlining the importance of fully establishing and maintaining effective JBVMM
               monitoring of the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”, and further urging the
               parties to cooperate in allowing the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei

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           (UNISFA) to fulfil its responsibility to provide security for the JBVMM’s mission
           to monitor the SDBZ,
                 Recalling its decision in resolution 2352 (2017) to end the mandate for support
           to the Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Mechanism (JBVMM) unless both
           parties demonstrate through their actions clear commitment and steadfast guarantees
           for the implementation of the JBVMM, in line with steps outlined in paragraph 7 of
           resolution 2352 (2017), including resuming border demarcation discussions, holding
           regular meetings of the JPSM, and granting UNISFA full freedom of movement,
                Recognizing some progress by the parties since May 2017 but regretting the
           lack of significant concrete progress made by both parties on achieving the
           benchmarks for the JBVMM and the unnecessary impediments imposed upon the
           JBVMM, reducing its ability to effectively monitor the SDBZ,
                Noting with concern the absence of local institutions to manage the Abyei Area
           and encouraging continued progress in convening Abyei Joint Oversight Committee
           (AJOC) meetings,
                 Recognizing the importance of regular dialogue between the Governments of
           Sudan and South Sudan, recalling the United Nations Security Council decision in
           resolution 2046 (2012) that the parties must resume immediately negotiations to
           reach agreement on Abyei’s final status under the auspices of the AUHIP, calling
           upon all parties to engage constructively in the process mediated by the AUHIP
           towards final agreement on the final status of the Abyei Area, and stressing that the
           parties must immediately implement pending aspects of the 20 June 2011
           Agreement, in particular to resolve the dispute over the Abyei Area Agreement, and
           to resolve the dispute over the Abyei Area Council, and immediately establish the
           Abyei Area Administration and Abyei Police Service,
                Stressing that both countries and communities will have much to gain if they
           show restraint and choose the path of dialogue instead of resorting to violence or
           provocations,
                 Commending the continued assistance provided to the parties by the AUHIP,
           the Intergovernmental Authority on Development, the Federal Democratic Republic
           of Ethiopia, the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Sudan and South Sudan,
           and UNISFA,
                 Further commending the efforts of UNISFA in effectively carrying out its
           mandate, including by its ongoing facilitation of peaceful migration throughout the
           Abyei Area, conflict prevention, mediation and deterrence, and expressing its deep
           appreciation for the work of the troop-contributing countries, and strongly
           underscoring the unacceptability of any attack on United Nations personnel,
           including the firing on UNISFA patrols in early 2017 by unknown assailants, and
           reiterating that such attacks should be swiftly and thoroughly investigated, and that
           those responsible should be held to account,
                 Taking note of the security situation in the Abyei Area as characterized by the
           17 October 2017 Secretary-General’s report (S/2017/870), and acknowledging
           UNISFA’s contribution to enhanced peace and stability since its deployment and
           expressing its determination to prevent the recurrence of violence against or
           displacements of civilians and to avert intercommunal conflict,
                Reiterating its deep concern regarding the public administration and rule of
           law vacuum in the Abyei Area, due to continued delays in the establishment of the
           Abyei Area Administration and Council and Police, including a special unit to deal
           with particular issues related to nomadic migratio n, which are essential to maintain
           law and order and prevent intercommunal conflict in Abyei, and in this regard,

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               welcoming UNISFA’s efforts to support and strengthen community protection
               committees, and to continue engaging with both governments on this i ssue,
                     Noting with concern the continued delay in establishing the temporary
               institutions and resolving the final status of Abyei and that the continued threat of
               intercommunal violence contributes to heightened tensions in the Abyei Area,
               including those ongoing tensions that prevent UNISFA’s and other agencies’
               Sudanese staff from returning to Abyei,
                     Urging all parties to refrain from any unilateral action that could aggravate
               intercommunal relations within the Abyei Area, expressing concern over the
               continued implications of what the AUPSC described in their 6 November 2013
               press statement as “the decision by the Ngok Dinka to conduct a unilateral
               referendum” and also in this context, taking note that the Government of Sudan
               proceeded with its April 2015 national elections in Abyei,
                     Bearing in mind the current humanitarian situation in which humanitarian
               actors continue to provide assistance to 100,000 people in the Abyei Area and the
               importance of coherence of United Nations assistance in the region, and further
               stressing the urgency of facilitating the delivery of humanitarian assistance to all
               affected populations,
                     Affirming the importance of voluntary, safe, dignified return and sustainable
               reintegration of displaced persons, and of peaceful and orderly migration cycles
               respecting the traditional migratory routes from Sudan to South Sudan through
               Abyei, and urging UNISFA to continue to take measures as necessary to ensure
               security in the Abyei Area in accordance with its mandate,
                     Recalling its resolution 2117 (2013), and expressing grave concern at the
               threat to peace and security in Abyei arising from the illicit transfer, destabilizing
               accumulation and misuse of small arms and light weapons, welcoming the
               completion of infrastructure, systems, and policy for weapons confiscation, storage
               and destruction, and calling on UNISFA to ensure adequate protection of this
               infrastructure,
                    Expressing concern about the residual threat of landmines and explosive
               remnants of war in the Abyei Area, which hinders the safe return of displaced
               persons to their homes, safe migration, and livelihood activities,
                     Taking note of the 28 July 2017 and 17 October 2017 Secretary-General’s
               reports (S/2017/649 and S/2017/870), including the Secretary-General’s call on the
               parties to consolidate the gains achieved by UNISFA at the local level by actively
               engaging in efforts to establish the Abyei Area Administration and Council, and to
               constitute the Abyei Area Police,
                     Recalling that the Security Council welcomed in resolution 2205 (2015) the
               decision of the Secretary-General to appoint a civilian head of mission,
                    Recognizing that the current situation in Abyei and along the border between
               the Sudan and South Sudan continues to constitute a serious threat to international
               peace and security,
                     1.   Decides to extend until 15 May 2018 the mandate of the United Nations
               Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) as set out in paragraph 2 of resolution
               1990 (2011) and acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
               further decides to extend until 15 May 2018 the tasks of UNISFA as set out in
               paragraph 3 of resolution 1990 (2011);
                     2.    Decides to extend until 15 April 2018 UNISFA’s mandate modification
               set forth in resolution 2024 (2011) and paragraph 1 of resolution 2075 (2012), and

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           further decides that this shall be the final such extension unless the parties take the
           specific measures described in paragraph 9;
                 3.   Decides to maintain the authorized troop ceiling of 4,791 until 15 April
           2018, and further decides that as of 15 April 2018, the authorized troop ceiling shall
           decrease to 4,235, unless it decides to extend the mandate modification set forth in
           resolution 2024 (2012) and paragraph 1 of resolution 2075 (2012), in accordance
           with paragraphs 2 and 9;
                 4.    Underscores that continued cooperation between the Government of
           Sudan and Government of South Sudan is also critical for peace, security and
           stability and the future relations between them;
                5.    Further reiterates its demand that Sudan and South Sudan urgently
           commence the establishment of the Abyei Area Administration and Council,
           including by resolving the deadlock over the composition of the Council, and
           constitute the Abyei Police Service, to enable it to take over policing functions
           throughout the Abyei Area, including the protection of oil infrastructure, in
           accordance with their commitments in the 20 June 2011 Agreement;
                 6.   Urges the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to resume direct
           negotiations in order to urgently agree on a final settlement of the Abyei question,
           calls upon the parties to take concrete confidence-building measures to contribute to
           achieving this objective with renewed support from the AUHIP, encourages the
           AUHIP and the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General to continue coordinating
           efforts towards calling for full implementation of the 2011 agreements;
                7.    Takes note of AJOC meetings in May and November 2017, urges the
           implementation of AJOC decisions and the 20 June 2011 Agreement, recalls the
           need for African Union initiatives to support this goal and encourages its renewed
           engagement, and requests the Secretary-General to provide an assessment of
           progress on these issues in his regular reports;
                 8.    Expresses serious concern regarding the delays to fully operationalize the
           JBVMM, recalls the Secretary-General’s benchmarks and recommendations
           regarding JBVMM operations, takes note that continued investment in achieving
           full operational capability of the JBVMM should be based on a set of conditions,
           including resolution of the dispute over the SDBZ, and calls upon the Government
           of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan to make timely and effective use of
           the JBVMM, JPSM and other agreed joint mechanisms to ensure the security and
           transparency of the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”;
               9.    Determines to consider renewing UNISFA’s mandate to support the
           JBVMM should both parties adhere to the specific measures agreed to in the May
           and October 2017 JPSM communiques no later than 15 Marc h 2018, to include
           completing inter alia:
                (1) Facilitating the full freedom of movement for UNISFA air and ground
                patrols, to include landing within the SDBZ, by approving 100 percent of
                requested sorties no later than 72 hours after the requests are deli vered,
                (2)   Opening of Phase I of the border crossing corridors,
                (3) Holding at least one meeting to resume border demarcation discussions,
                including negotiations on the disputed areas within the framework of the
                signed agreements, welcomes the African Union Commission’s efforts in this
                regard and encourages its continued assistance to the parties,
                (4)   Reactivating the ad hoc committee of the 14 mile area,
                (5)   Facilitating the operationalization of the four JBVMM team sites, and,

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                    (6)   Convening at least two meetings of the JPSM to resolve these issues;
                     10. Urges renewed efforts to determine conclusively the SDBZ centreline on
               the ground, and reiterates that the centreline of the SDBZ in no way prejudices the
               current or future legal status of the border, ongoing negotiations on the disputed and
               claimed areas, and demarcation of the borders;
                    11. Underscores that UNISFA’s protection of civilians mandate as set out in
               paragraph 3 of resolution 1990 (2011) includes taking the necessary actions to
               protect civilians under imminent threat of physical violence, irrespective of the
               source of such violence, and commending UNISFA’s efforts in that regard;
                     12. Condemns the intermittent presence of South Sudan security service
               personnel and the deployment of Diffra Oil Police units in the Abyei Area, in
               violation of the 20 June 2011 Agreement, as well as any entry of armed militias into
               the territory, and reiterates its demands that immediately and without preconditions
               the Government of South Sudan fully redeploy its security service personnel from
               the Abyei Area and that the Government of Sudan redeploy the Oil Police in Diffra
               from the Abyei Area, and further reiterates, in accordance with relevant resolutions,
               in particular resolution 1990 (2011) and resolution 2046 (2012), that the Abyei Area
               shall be demilitarized from any forces, as well as armed elements of the local
               communities, other than UNISFA and the Abyei Police Service;
                    13. Supports the AJOC’s 3 May 2013 and 30 March 2015 decisions on
               Abyei’s status as a weapons-free area, underscores the AUPSC’s concern in its
               7 May 2013 Communiqué over reports that various communities living in Abyei are
               heavily armed, recalls that the 20 June 2011 Agreement on Temporary
               Arrangements for the Administration and Security of the Abyei Area stipulates that
               Abyei should be a weapons-free area and that only UNISFA is authorized to carry
               weapons inside the area, and in this regard, urges the two Governments to take all
               necessary steps to ensure that Abyei is effectively demilitarized, including through
               disarmament programs as necessary;
                     14. Reaffirms that UNISFA may undertake weapons confiscation and
               destruction in the Abyei Area as authorized under resolution 1990 (2011), consistent
               with its mandate and within its existing capabilities, in coordination wit h the
               signatories of the June 2011 Agreement on the Temporary Arrangements for the
               Administration and Security of the Abyei Area, the AJOC, and the Misseriya and
               Ngok Dinka communities and consistent with the previous AJOC decision to
               establish the Area as a “weapons free area”, and reiterates its request that UNISFA,
               observe, document and report on the movement of weapons into Abyei and the
               presence, destruction and confiscation of weapons within Abyei as part of the
               Secretary-General’s regular reporting cycle;
                     15. Requests UNISFA to continue its dialogue with the AJOC and with the
               Misseriya and Ngok Dinka communities on effective strategies and oversight
               mechanisms for ensuring full compliance by all relevant parties with Abyei’s status
               as a weapons-free area, with a particular priority placed on the urgent elimination of
               heavy or crew-served weapons, as well as rocket-propelled grenades, and calls upon
               the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan, the AJOC, and the Misseriya and Ngok
               Dinka communities to extend full cooperation to UNISFA in this regard;
                    16. Urges the two Governments immediately to take steps to implement
               confidence-building measures among the respective communities in the Abyei Area,
               ensuring women are involved at all stages, including thro ugh reconciliation
               processes at the grass-roots level as well as through support for the ongoing efforts
               of non-governmental organizations engaging in peacebuilding, and by fully
               supporting UNISFA’s efforts in promoting community dialogue, strongly welcomes

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           continued engagement between the Ngok Dinka and Misseriya communities, and
           strongly urges all Abyei communities to exercise maximum restraint in all their
           engagements and to desist from inflammatory acts or statements that may lead to
           violent clashes;
                 17. Underscores that women’s participation at all levels of inter-community
           dialogue is critical to ensure a credible and legitimate process and calls upon all
           parties to promote full and equal participation of women;
                 18. Welcomes the positive developments at the grass-roots level between the
           Ngok Dinka and Misseriya communities, particularly their noted commitment to
           reconciliation and cooperation, as demonstrated by the resumption of trading
           activities and the monitoring of stolen property and li vestock, including the prompt
           return of or provision of compensation for stolen property to victims of crime;
                 19. Welcomes UNISFA initiatives, to support community dialogue and efforts
           by the Misseriya and Ngok Dinka communities to strengthen inter -communal
           relationships and facilitate stability and reconciliation in the Abyei Area, including
           the facilitation of joint peace committee meetings between both communities and
           re-opening of a common market;
                20. Welcomes UNISFA’s continued efforts, within existing capabilities and
           resources, and in close coordination with the Misseriya and Ngok Dinka
           communities, to strengthen the capacities of Community Protection Committees in
           order to assist with management of law and order processes in Abyei and to
           continue engaging with both governments on this issue;
                 21. Calls upon all parties to cooperate fully with the findings and
           recommendations following the Abyei Area Joint Investigation and Inquiry
           Committee’s investigation into the killing of a UNISFA peacekeeper and the Ngok
           Dinka Paramount Chief, welcomes the 24 March 2015 AUPSC press statement
           requesting the AU Commission to engage the parties on the findings and
           recommendations, and reiterates the need to enable the two communities to find
           closure on the assassination of the Ngok Dinka Paramount Chief, bearing in mind
           the need to promote stability and reconciliation in the Abyei Area;
                 22. Expresses its intention to continue reviewing as appropriate the mandate
           of UNISFA for possible reconfiguration of the force in light of the compliance by
           Sudan and South Sudan with the decisions set forth in resolution 2046 (2012) and
           their commitments as set forth in the Agreements of 20 June, 29 June, 30 July 2011
           and 27 September 2012, including the redeployment of all forces from the SDBZ,
           achieving full operational capability for the JBVMM and the Ad Hoc Committees,
           as well as completing the full demilitarization of the Abyei Area;
                23. Calls upon all Member States, in particular Sudan and South Sudan, to
           ensure the free, unhindered and expeditious movement, to and from Abyei and
           throughout the SDBZ, of all personnel, as well as equipment, provisions, supplies
           and other goods, including vehicles, aircraft, and spare part s, which are for the
           exclusive and official use of UNISFA;
                 24. Renews its call upon the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to
           provide full support to the United Nations, including by promptly issuing visas to
           military, police and civilian United Nations personnel, including humanitarian
           personnel, without prejudice to their nationality, for entry into Sudan and South
           Sudan, facilitating basing arrangements, infrastructure construction, including the
           Athony airport, in the Mission Area and flight clearances, and providing logistical
           support, calls upon the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to facilitate travel
           from within Sudan and South Sudan to and from Abyei, and further calls upon all
           parties to fully adhere to their obligations under the Status of Forces Agreements;

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                     25. Recognizes that the absence of development projects and the inability to
               deliver basic government services has had an adverse effect on Abyei populations
               and calls upon the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan, as
               well as donors to support reconstruction and capacity-building;
                     26. Demands that the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan continue to facilitate the deployment of the United Nations Mine Action
               Service (UNMAS) to ensure freedom of movement, as well as the identification and
               clearance of mines in the Abyei Area and SDBZ;
                     27. Further demands that all parties involved allow all humanitarian
               personnel full, safe and unhindered access to civilians in need of assistance and all
               necessary facilities for their operations, in accordance with international law,
               including applicable international humanitarian law, and United Nations guiding
               principles of humanitarian assistance;
                     28. Strongly urges that all parties cease all forms of violence, human rights
               violations and abuses, violations of international humanitarian law, and violations
               and abuses against children in violation of applicable international law;
                    29. Urges UNISFA to make rapid progress on deploying a Women and Child
               Protection Advisor;
                     30. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure that effective human rights
               monitoring is carried out, and the results included in his reports to the Council, and
               reiterates its call upon the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan to extend their full cooperation to the Secretary-General to this end,
               including by issuing visas to the concerned United Nations personnel;
                    31. Recalls resolution 2272 (2016) and further requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary measures to ensure full compliance of UNISFA with
               the United Nations zero tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to
               keep the Council fully informed through his regular country -specific reports to the
               Council about UNISFA’s progress in this regard, including with respect to the
               implementation of resolution 2272 (2016);
                     32. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to inform the Council of
               progress in implementing UNISFA’s mandate, including reporting on any steps
               taken per paragraph 9, in one written report, no later than 1 April 2018 and continue
               to bring to the Council’s immediate attention any serious violations of the above
               referenced Agreements;
                    33. Notes the Secretary-General’s efforts to ensure close cooperation among
               United Nations missions in the region, including UNISFA, the United Nations
               Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS), and the African Union -United
               Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID), as well as his Special Envoy for
               Sudan and South Sudan, and requests that he continue this practice;
                    34.   Decides to remain actively seized of this matter.

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Security Council resolution 2386 (2017) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 May 2018]

S/72 [217] UN INTERIM SECURITY FORCE FOR ABYEI
S/72 [160] SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/72 [223] SOUTH SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS

UN Interim Security Force for Abyei|Joint Border Verification Monitoring Mechanism (Sudan and South Sudan)|Abyei Joint Oversight Committee|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|DEMILITARIZED ZONES|PROTECTION OF CIVILIANS IN PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|ABYEI (SUDAN)|SUDAN|SOUTH SUDAN


Middle East (Syria)


               United Nations                                                               S/RES/2390 (2017)
               Security Council                                              Distr.: General
                                                                             8 December 2017

               Resolution 2390 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8126th meeting, on
               8 December 2017

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolutions 1958 (2010) and 2335 (2016),
                    Acknowledging receipt of the final report of the Secretary-General pursuant to
               paragraph 4 of Security Council resolution 2335 (2016), S/2017/820,
                     1.   Welcomes the implementing arrangements entered into by the Secretary-General and the Government of Iraq as requested in paragraph 7 of Security Council
               resolution 1958 (2010);
                     2.   Also welcomes that the remaining funds in the escrow accounts
               established pursuant to paragraphs 3–5 of Security Council resolution 1958 (2010)
               have been transferred to the Government of Iraq pursuant to Security Council
               resolution 2335 (2016);
                     3.   Concludes that all the measures imposed by the Security Council in
               resolutions 1958 (2010) and 2335 (2016) pursuant to Chapter VII of the Charter of
               the United Nations have been fully implemented by the parties.

17-22082 (E)
*1722082*

Security Council resolution 2390 (2017) [on full implementation of all measures under the Oil-for-Food Programme]

UN Iraq Account|UN. Oil-for-Food Programme|PETROLEUM REVENUES|SPECIAL ACCOUNTS|IRAQ|FUNDS|IRAQ SITUATION


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2391 (2017)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                8 December 2017

               Resolution 2391 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8129th meeting, on
               8 December 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its resolutions 2374 (2017), 2364 (2017) and 2359 (2017), as well as
               its press statement of 6 October 2017,
                    Recalling its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace
               and security,
                      Affirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of the countries of the Group of Five for the Sahel (G5 Sahel),
               namely Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania and Niger,
                     Expressing its deep concern regarding the transnational threat posed by
               terrorism and organized crime (including trafficking in persons, arms, drugs and
               natural resources, and the smuggling of migrants) in the Sahel region, and strongly
               condemning the continued attacks in the G5 Sahel States against civilians,
               representatives from local, regional and State institutions, as well as national,
               international and UN security forces,
                    Acknowledging the impact of the activities of terrorist organizations, including
               those benefiting from transnational organized crime, in the G5 Sahel States o n
               regional and international peace and security,
                     Underscoring the primary responsibility of the G5 Sahel States to address these
               threats and challenges, as well as the importance for the international community to
               support African countries uniting their efforts at regional or subregional level to fight
               against terrorism and transnational organized crime with a view to restore peace and
               security, including through the protection of civilians,
                     Welcoming the continued determination of the G5 Sahel States to unite their
               efforts to address the impact of terrorism and transnational organized crime, including
               through the establishment of a joint force conducting cross -border joint military
               counter-terrorist operations (Force conjointe du G5 Sahel — “FC-G5S”), whose
               deployment has been authorized by the African Union Peace and Security Council
               communiqué of 13 April 2017 and welcomed by United Nations Security Council
               resolution 2359 (2017),
                    Noting with satisfaction the reaffirmation of the commitment of G5 Sahel States
               to fully operationalize the FC-G5S, repeatedly expressed during the Summit in

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               Bamako of 2 July 2017, the High-level meeting in New-York on 18 September 2017,
               the mission of the Security Council to the Sahel region from 19 to 22 October through
               visits to Mali, Mauritania and Burkina Faso, as well as the ministerial briefing of the
               Security Council on 30 October 2017,
                     Recalling that the G5 Sahel States have the responsibility to provide the FC-G5S
               with adequate resources, encouraging additional support from bilateral and
               multilateral partners, including through the provision of adequate logistical,
               operational and financial assistance to the FC-G5S, as appropriate, stressing that
               secure funding and support for the FC-G5S will make a critical contribution to a
               lasting stabilization of the Sahel region, and noting the complementarity that bilateral
               and multilateral support can play in addressing the needs of the FC -G5S
               comprehensively and in the most efficient way,
                     Welcoming the commitments made to date by several donors to provide support
               to the FC-G5S, including Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, the European
               Union, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Slovakia, Slovenia,
               Spain, Turkey and the United States of America,
                   Welcoming the efforts of the French forces to support the operations of the
               FC-G5S,
                    Commending the contribution of bilateral and multilateral partners to strengthen
               security capacities in the Sahel region, notably the role of the European Union
               missions (EU Training Mission in Mali — EUTM Mali, EU Capacity Building
               Mission in Mali — EUCAP Sahel Mali, and EU Capacity Building Mission in
               Niger — EUCAP Sahel Niger) in providing training and strategic advice to national
               security forces in the Sahel region,
                     Taking note of the report of the Secretary-General on the G5 Sahel joint force
               of 16 October 2017 (S/2017/869), including its outline of a range of possible options
               for United Nations support to the FC-G5S, and noting that this report was warmly
               welcomed by G5 Sahel States,
                    Recalling the mission it carried out to the Sahel region from 19 to 22 October,
               through visits to Mali, Mauritania and Burkina Faso, with the main objectives to
               assess the situation in the G5 Sahel States as well as to discuss the observations a nd
               recommendations contained in the report of the Secretary-General mentioned above,
                    Recognizing that the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization
               Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) and the FC-G5S have the potential to be mutually
               beneficial instruments to restore peace and stability in Mali and in the Sahel region,
               and underlining that they have the potential to constitute a positive interaction
               between a United Nations peacekeeping operation and an African operation,
                     Reiterating its serious concern at the continuing lack of key capabilities for
               MINUSMA, and urging Member States to provide the necessary capacities, including
               troops and police that have adequate capabilities, pre-deployment and, where
               appropriate, in situ training and equipment, including enablers, specific to the
               operating environment, in order for MINUSMA to continue to make progress in the
               implementation of its mandate, pursuant to resolution 2364 (2017), including through
               the achievement of its more proactive and robust posture,
                    Underlining that lasting peace and security in the Sahel region will not be
               achieved without full, effective and inclusive implementation of the Agreement on
               Peace and Reconciliation in Mali (“the Agreement”), and stressing that all parties to
               the Agreement share the primary responsibility to make steadfast progress in its
               implementation,

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                Underlining that all efforts to counter terrorism in Mali and in the Sahel region
           should be complementary to ongoing political processes, including the full, effective
           and inclusive implementation of the Agreement,
                 Stressing that a military response to the threats faced by G5 Sahel States can
           only be effective if conducted in full compliance with international law, by taking
           active steps to minimize the risk of harm to civilians in all areas of operation, as well
           as if accompanied by the rapid and effective implementation of inclusive regional
           strategies encompassing security, governance, development, human rights and
           humanitarian issues,
                 Emphasizing the important role of women in prevention and resolution of
           conflicts, in peacebuilding as well as in post-conflict situations, as recognized in the
           relevant Security Council resolutions, including resolution 1325 (2000) and
           resolution 2242 (2015),
                 Noting that the activities of terrorist organizations, including those benefiting
           from transnational organized crime, in the Sahel region constitute a threat to
           international peace and security,

           Operationalization and status of the FC-G5S
                 1.   Welcomes the steady and rapid progress achieved in the operationalization
           of the FC-G5S, including through the fulfilment of the initial operational capacity of
           the joint force on 17 October 2017, and takes positive note of its first operation
           “Hawbi”, which took place on the Center boundary zone;
                2.    Commends the G5 Sahel States for their sustained efforts towards the full
           and effective operationalization of the FC-G5S, and encourages them to continue to
           take appropriate measures in order for the FC-G5S to reach its full operational
           capacity by the announced timeframe of March 2018;
                 3.    Recalls that the deployment of the FC-G5S throughout the territories of its
           contributing countries, with up to 5,000 military, civilian and police personnel, with
           a view to restoring peace and security in the Sahel region, is authorized by a decision
           of the African Union Peace and Security Council for an initial period of 12 months
           starting from 13 April 2017;

           Groupe de soutien
                 4.   Notes that the Groupe de Soutien referred to in the strategic concept of
           operations of the FC-G5S (“the Groupe de Soutien”) represents a useful and
           appropriate platform to exchange views on the operationalization of the FC -G5S, the
           mobilization and coordination of international support, furt her clarification of its
           strategic objectives and concept of operations as well as the implementation of
           comprehensive strategies encompassing security, governance, development, human
           rights and humanitarian issues;
                 5.   Encourages the G5 Sahel States to clarify the format and modalities of
           work of the Groupe de Soutien, which is due to involve key regional and international
           actors supporting the FC-G5S, and meet alternatively at technical and political level;
                 6.    Calls upon the G5 Sahel rotating presidency to convene on a regular basis
           meetings of the Groupe de Soutien, in order to continue to ensure full and effective
           integration of the FC-G5S in its regional and international environment as well as the
           efficient coordination of the international support to the FC-G5S;

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               Coordination of international support
                     7.    Welcomes the central role played by the G5 Sahel, supported by the
               European Union and its member States notably through the “coordination hub”
               mechanism, and in close coordination with the United Nations and the African Union,
               in identifying the needs of the FC-G5S and coordinating the bilateral contributions of
               the donors;
                    8.     Notes the positive role of the Permanent Secretariat of the G5 Sahel to
               support the cooperation of G5 Sahel States in the field of security, governance and
               development, and requests the Secretary-General, through UNOWAS, to provide
               technical assistance, within existing mandate and resources, to the Permanent
               Secretariat of the G5 Sahel in order to achieve this task;

               Bilateral support
                     9.   Welcomes the commitments made by the G5 Sahel States and several
               donors to provide support to the FC-G5S, which amount to a total of more than 177
               million euros up to date, and notes with satisfaction the steps already taken to fulfil
               some of these commitments;
                    10. Notes with appreciation the proposal made by the European Union, with
               the support of the G5 Sahel States, that its African Peace Facility serves as a
               mechanism for channelling international voluntary contributions in support of the
               FC-G5S, in close coordination with other contributions;
                     11. Welcomes the intent of the current chairmanship of the G5 Sahel, the
               United Nations, the African Union and the European Union to co -host an international
               pledging conference in support of the FC-G5S in Brussels, and encourages all
               international and regional partners to seize this occasion to commit to provide
               bilateral assistance to the FC-G5S;

               United Nations support
                     12. Stresses that the efforts of the FC-G5S to counter the activities of terrorist
               groups and other organized criminal groups will contribute to create a more secure
               environment in the Sahel region, and thus facilitate the fulfilment by MINUSMA of
               its mandate to stabilize Mali, and further stresses that operational and logistical
               support from MINUSMA, as outlined in paragraph 13 below, has the potential to
               allow the FC-G5S, given its current level of capacities, to enhance its ability to deliver
               on its mandate;
                    13. Requests in this context the Secretary-General to take appropriate steps to
               conclude as soon as possible a technical agreement between the United Nations, the
               European Union and G5 Sahel States, with a view to providing specified operational
               and logistical support through MINUSMA to the FC-G5S (“the technical
               agreement”), and that the support provided pursuant to the technical agreement
               should:
                   (a) apply to G5 Sahel States defence and security forces only when operating
               on Malian territory in the framework of the joint force,
                     (b) comprise MEDEVAC and CASEVAC, access to life support consumables
               (fuel, water and rations) and use of UN engineering plant equipment and material, as
               well as uniformed MINUSMA engineering enabling units to assist in preparation of
               FC-G5S operational bases in Mali,

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                 (c) be subject to full financial reimbursement to the United Nations, through
           an EU-coordinated financing mechanism established for the coordination of
           international voluntary contributions to support the FC-G5S,
                (d) be conducted at the discretion of the Special Representative of the
           Secretary-General for Mali and Head of MINUSMA, in close consultation with the
           Force Commander, and without affecting MINUSMA’s capacity to implement its
           mandate and strategic priorities, and be restricted to the areas of operations of
           MINUSMA where such support is compatible with its current level of capacities;
                14. Encourages the technical agreement to constitute a temporary measure
           towards full self-sufficiency of the FC-G5S, and emphasizes that MINUSMA’s
           support arrangements, including MEDEVAC and CASEVAC, engineering capability
           as well as logistical supply chains, should not be adjusted to facilitate support to the
           FC-G5S if such an adjustment would adversely impact its own operations or put
           mission personnel at undue risk;
                15. Recommends that the Secretary-General periodically reviews the
           implementation of the technical agreement, with a particular focus on
           operationalization of the FC-G5S;
                 16. Calls upon MINUSMA and the FC-G5S to continue to ensure adequate
           coordination and exchange of information, through relevant mechanisms, of their
           operations, within their respective mandates, and reiterates in this regard its request
           to the Secretary-General to enhance cooperation between MINUSMA and the G5
           Sahel Members States through provision of relevant intelligence and liaison officers
           from the G5 Sahel Members States to MINUSMA;

           Obligations under international law and human rights policy
                 17. Underlines the need for the operations of the FC-G5S to be conducted in
           full compliance with international law, including international humanitarian law,
           international human rights law and international refugee law, as applicable, and for
           G5 Sahel States and the FC-G5S to take active steps to minimize the risk of harm to
           civilians in all areas of operation as well as to ensure accountability and transfer to
           criminal justice of those apprehended during operations and suspected of terrorist and
           related crimes;
                 18. Underlines that a gender perspective should be taken into account in
           implementing all aspects of the strategic concept of operations of the FC -G5S,
           including by ensuring that gender analysis and women’s participation are integrated
           into assessments, planning and operations;
                19. Underlines the need for the G5 Sahel States to take into account the
           association of children with terrorist and transnational organized criminal groups to
           protect and consider as victims children who have been released or otherwise
           separated from those groups and to pay particular attention to the protection, release
           and reintegration of all children associated with those groups;
                 20. Welcomes the African Union’s zero tolerance stance on sexual exploitation
           and abuse, and underlines the need for the G5 Sahel States to take adequate measures
           to prevent and combat impunity for sexual exploitation and abuse by their personnel
           operating in the framework of the FC-G5S;
                 21. Calls upon the G5 Sahel States to ensure the highest standards of
           transparency, conduct and discipline for their contingents operating in the framework
           of the FC-G5S, to establish a robust compliance framework to prevent, investigate,
           address and publicly report violations and abuses of human rights law and violations

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               of international humanitarian law related to the FC-G5S (“the compliance
               framework”);
                     22. Calls upon regional and international partners to support, through
               voluntary contributions, technical assistance and advice, G5 Sahel States’ efforts in
               the establishment and implementation of the compliance framework by the G5 Sahel
               States and the FC-G5S, and encourages all relevant partners, including United
               Nations relevant entities, EUTM, EUCAP, the French forces, within the framework
               of their respective mandates and existing resources, to support the implementation of
               the compliance framework and to ensure close coordination of their activities in this
               regard;
                    23. Notes that the Secretary-General will ensure that any support provided to
               non-United Nations security forces is provided in strict compliance with the Human
               Rights Due Diligence Policy on United Nations support to Non-United Nations
               security forces (HRDDP), and calls upon the FC-G5S to cooperate with the United
               Nations in implementing the HRDDP, including by ensuring that the relevant
               monitoring and reporting mechanisms are in place and functional;

               Implementation of the Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali
                    24. Expresses its deep concern over the persistent delays in the full
               implementation of key provisions of the Agreement;
                    25. Renews its urgent call to the Government of Mali and the Plateforme and
               Coordination armed groups, as expressed during its meeting with the members of the
               Comité de suivi de l’accord in Bamako on 21 October 2017, to take immediate and
               concrete action to fully and expeditiously deliver on their remaining obligations under
               the Agreement, in particular through:
                    (a)   the operationalization of the interim administrations in the North of Mali,
                    (b) the establishment of the Operational Coordination Mechanism in Kidal
               and Timbuktu,
                     (c) progress in the cantonment and disarmament, demobilization and
               reintegration processes, including through the definition of adequate eligibility
               criteria and the submission of finalized lists of candidates, as well as progress in the
               security sector reform, with a view to achieve the progressive redeployment of the
               reconstituted armed and security forces in Mali,
                    (d)   progress in the decentralization process,
                    (e)   ensuring full and equal women’s participation;
                    26. Welcomes the appointment of the Carter Center as the Independent
               Observer referred to in the Agreement, recalls that the mandate of the Independent
               Observer, as defined by the Agreement, is to objectively evaluate progress towards
               implementation of the Agreement, including through the rele ase every 4 months of a
               comprehensive report on the implementation of the commitments undertaken in the
               Agreement, identifying any impediments, determining responsibility and
               recommending the steps to be taken, and calls upon all parties to fully cooperate with
               the Carter Center in order to facilitate the implementation of its mandate as
               Independent Observer;
                     27. Underlines that engaging in hostilities in violation of the Agreement as
               well as actions taken that obstruct, or that obstruct by prolonged delay, or that threaten
               the implementation of the Agreement constitute a basis for sanctions designations
               pursuant to resolution 2374 (2017), among other designation criteria;

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                 28. Calls on all members of the Comité de suivi de l’Accord and other relevant
           international partners to sustain their support to the implementation of the Agreement;

           Development and governance efforts
                29. Reaffirms the centrality of the United Nations integrated strategy for the
           Sahel (UNISS) in providing a comprehensive framework to strengthen governance,
           security and development in the Sahel region;
                 30. Welcomes the efforts of the Secretary-General to give renewed impetus to
           the implementation of the UNISS through the establishment of the Executive
           Committee Working Group on the Sahel chaired by the Deputy Secretary-General,
           with a view to ensuring better coordination and efficiency of the internatio nal
           response to the needs of the people and communities of the Sahel region, through the
           identification of key priorities and objectives, and calls upon donors to mobilize their
           efforts and align their activities on these key priorities and objectives;
                 31. Welcomes the mobilization of key donors to promote innovative
           approaches to support development efforts in the Sahel, including through the launch
           of the “Alliance for the Sahel”, in close coordination with the United Nations;
                 32. Calls upon G5 Sahel States to ensure women’s full and equal participation
           in institutions and mechanisms for the prevention and resolution of conflicts, as well
           as to include a gender perspective in the development of comprehensive strategies to
           counter the threat posed by terrorism and organized crime (including trafficking in
           persons, arms, drugs and natural resources, and the smuggling of migrants) in the
           Sahel region;

           Reporting and follow-up
                 33. Requests the Secretary-General, in close coordination with the G5 Sahel
           States and the African Union, to report to the Security Council on the activities of the
           FC-G5S, five months after the adoption of this resolution and then every six months,
           focusing:
                (i)   on progress in the operationalization of the FC-G5S,
                (ii) on international support granted to the FC-G5S and possible measures to
           enhance its efficiency,
                 (iii) on implementation of the technical agreement, including through a
           detailed outline of the support provided by MINUSMA to the FC -G5S, an assessment
           of its potential impact on MINUSMA as well as the provision of benchmarks to
           indicate the level of operationalization of the FC-G5S at which MINUSMA’s
           logistical and operational support may be gradually withdrawn,
                 (iv) on challenges encountered by the FC-G5S and possible measures for
           further consideration,
                 (v) on implementation by the G5 Sahel States of the compliance framework, the
           HRDDP, as well as on ways to mitigate any adverse impact of the military operations
           of the FC-G5S on the civilian population, including on women and children;
                34. Expresses its intent to periodically review the deployment of the FC-G5S,
           on the basis of the reports of the Secretary-General;
                35. Decides that the reports of the Secretary-General mentioned in paragraph
           33 above constitute an alternative to the different lines of reporting on the FC -G5S
           requested by paragraph 7 of resolution 2359 (2017), which shall no longer be in force;
                36.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2391 (2017) [on providing operational and logistical support through the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) to the Group of Five for the Sahel Joint Force]

S/72 [226] UN MULTIDIMENSIONAL INTEGRATED STABILIZATION MISSION IN MALI
S/72 [100] AFRICA--REGIONAL SECURITY
S/72 [225] MALI--POLITICAL CONDITIONS

Group of Five for the Sahel. Joint Force|UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali|Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali emanating from the Algiers Process (2015)|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|COUNTER-TERRORISM|TRANSNATIONAL CRIME|SUPPORT SERVICES|REGIONAL SECURITY|REGIONAL COOPERATION|SUDANO-SAHELIAN REGION|MALI

Eastern Europe|Northern America|Northern Europe|Southern Europe|Sub-Saharan Africa|Western Asia|Western Europe


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2389 (2017)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                8 December 2017

               Resolution 2389 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8125th meeting, on
               8 December 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Taking note of the report of the Secretary-General on the implementation of
               the Peace, Security and Cooperation (PSC) Framework for the Democratic Republic
               of the Congo (DRC) and the Region,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of all States in the region and emphasizing the need to respect
               fully the principles of non-interference, good-neighbourliness and regional
               cooperation,
                    Recalling that the Governments of the region bear the primary responsibility to
               protect civilians within their territories and subject to their jurisdiction, including
               protection from crimes against humanity and war crimes,
                     Expressing concern over the significant increase in the numbers of refugees
               and internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the Great Lakes region over the past year,
               totalling now more than 7 million internally displaced persons and 3.5 million
               refugees, and stressing the link between forced displacement and instability and
               insecurity in the region,
                     Reiterating its deep concern regarding the security and humanitarian crisis in
               the DRC exacerbated by destabilizing activities of foreign and domestic armed
               groups, stressing the importance of neutralizing armed groups in the DRC, and
               recognizing the importance of efforts of the Forces Armées de la République
               démocratique du Congo (FARDC) and the United Nations Organization
               Stabilisation Mission in the DRC (MONUSCO), including by conducting joint
               operations, in accordance with its mandate as stipulated in resolution 2348 (2017),
                     Welcoming the credible and peaceful conduct of elections in some States of the
               Great Lakes region, and noting, however, that recent and ongoing electoral
               processes in some countries of the Great Lakes region raise deep concerns about the
               risk of instability, insecurity, the potential for violence, human rights violations and
               abuses and violations of international humanitarian law and further d isplacement of
               people which impact all countries of the Great Lakes region,
                    Expressing concern at the illicit flow of weapons within and into the DRC,
               including their recirculation to and between armed groups, in violation of resolution
               2360 (2017), and declaring its determination to continue to monitor closely the

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               implementation of the arms embargo and other measures set out by its resolutions
               concerning the DRC, and acknowledging in this respect the important contribution
               the Council-mandated arms embargo makes to countering the illicit transfer of small
               arms and light weapons in the DRC, and in supporting post -conflict peacebuilding,
               disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of ex-combatants and security sector
               reform,
                    Expressing further concern at the illegal exploitation and trafficking of natural
               resources by armed groups among others, and the negative impact of armed conflict
               on protected natural areas, which undermines lasting peace and develo pment for the
               DRC, and encouraging the Government of the DRC to strengthen efforts to
               safeguard those areas,
                     Recalling the linkage between the illegal exploitation and trade of natural
               resources, including poaching and illegal trafficking of wildlife, an d the
               proliferation and trafficking of arms as one of the major factors fuelling and
               exacerbating conflicts in the Great Lakes region, and encouraging the continuation
               of the regional efforts of the International Conference of the Great Lakes Region
               (ICGLR) and the governments involved against the illegal exploitation of natural
               resources, and stressing, in this regard, the importance of regional cooperation and
               deepening economic integration with special consideration for the exploitation of
               natural resources,
                    Reaffirming that the Peace, Security and Cooperation (PSC) Framework
               remains an essential mechanism to achieve durable peace and stability in the DRC
               and the Region, noting and supporting the renewed commitment of its signatories
               towards its full implementation, and reiterating its call to all signatories to fulfil
               promptly, fully and in good faith their respective commitments under this
               Framework in order to address the root causes of conflict and put an end to
               recurring cycles of violence, and promote lasting regional development,
                     Recalling the strategic importance of the implementation of the PSC
               Framework, and welcoming the commitment of the AU Peace and Security Council,
               as expressed in its communique of 7 November 2017, to ensure the implement ation
               of the PSC Framework, and echoing its call upon all the signatory states and the
               Guarantors of the Framework to redouble their efforts, in order to ensure effective
               implementation of all aspects of the Framework,
                     Recalling the commitments under the PSC Framework by all States of the
               region not to interfere in the internal affairs of neighbouring countries, and to
               neither tolerate nor provide assistance or support of any kind to armed groups, and
               reiterating its strong condemnation of any and all internal or external support to
               armed groups active in the region, including through financial, logistical or military
               support, and not to harbour war criminals,
                     Stressing that the 2006 Pact on Security, Stability and Development in the
               Great Lakes Region and the PSC Framework for the Democratic Republic of the
               Congo and the region are mutually reinforcing, and are crucial tools to achieve long
               term peace and prosperity, emphasizing that the PSC Framework demonstrates that
               peace, security and development are interlinked and underscores the importance of
               strengthening regional cooperation, including the deepening of economic
               integration,
                     Mindful that solutions to the prevailing situation in the Great Lakes region
               should come within a regional perspective, by addressing the root causes of
               conflicts including their developmental aspects, many of which are regional in
               nature; with cross-border issues linked to the eastern DRC assuming crucial

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           significance, including the large flows of natural resources, migrants and refugees,
           and activities of armed groups and criminal networks across the borders,
                1.    Welcomes the renewed commitment of all the signatory states of the PSC
           Framework towards its full implementation, as expressed in the Communique of the
           Eighth High-Level Meeting of the Regional Oversight Mechanism, held in
           Brazzaville, Republic of Congo, on 19 October 2017, reaffirms that the PSC
           Framework remains an essential mechanism to achieve durable peace and stability
           in the DRC and the Region, and stresses in this regard the importance of the
           signatory States fully implementing their national and regional commitments under
           the PSC Framework;
                 2.   Welcomes also the progress under the Regional Plan of action for the
           Implementation of the Regional Commitments under the PSC Framework, including
           the recent activities in the areas of youth and women, combating illegal exploitation
           of natural resources and judicial cooperation, as well as the endorsement of the
           updated list of Priority Activities of the Regional Plan of Action;
                 3.   Encourages enhanced cooperation among all signatory states of the PSC
           Framework, with the support of its Guarantors, namely the African Union, the
           International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR), the Southern African
           Development Community (SADC) and the United Nations, towards its full
           implementation;
                 4.   Strongly condemns all armed groups operating in the region and their
           violations of international humanitarian law, as well as other applicable
           international law, and abuses of human rights, including attacks on the civilian
           population, MONUSCO peacekeepers and humanitarian actors, summary
           executions, sexual and gender-based violence and large scale recruitment and use of
           children, and reiterates that those responsible should be held accountable;
                5.     Demands that all armed groups operating in the DRC, including the
           FDLR, the ADF, the LRA, cease immediately all forms of violence and other
           destabilizing activities, including the exploitation of natural resources, and that their
           members immediately and permanently disband, lay down their arms, and liberate
           and demobilize all children from their ranks, recalls in this regard its resolution
           2360 (2017) renewing the sanctions regime, and further calls for disarmament of
           FDLR active leadership and combatants, who were perpetrators of the 1994
           genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, during which Hutu a nd others who opposed
           the genocide were also killed, and have continued to promote and commit
           ethnically-based and other killings in Rwanda and the DRC;
                6.    Reiterates its call to all signatory States under the PSC Framework to
           redouble their efforts in order to fully and promptly implement their commitments
           in good faith, including not interfering in the internal affairs of neighbouring
           countries, neither tolerating nor providing assistance or support of any kind to
           armed groups, and not harbouring war criminals, and calls on the Government of
           the DRC, which has the primary responsibility for safeguarding the DRC ’s
           sovereignty and territorial integrity, to make further progress in implementing its
           commitments under the PSC Framework, in particular as regards security sector
           reform, consolidation of State authority, reconciliation, tolerance and
           democratization;
                 7.   Calls on the Government of the DRC, with the support of the countries
           of the region in line with their commitment under the PSC Framework, and in close
           collaboration with MONUSCO, including by conducting joint operations in
           accordance with its mandate as stipulated in resolution 2348 (2017), to vigorously
           pursue the neutralization of all armed groups still active in the Eastern DRC, and

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               stresses the need to protect the civilian population, including through professional,
               accountable and sustainable security forces, and to carry out operations in strict
               compliance with international law, including international humanitarian law and
               international human rights law, as applicable;
                     8.    Welcomes the commitment of the signatory states of the PSC Framework
               to complete without precondition the repatriation of the FDLR disarmed combatants
               and former M23 combatants within the shortest time frame possible, urges the
               Governments of the region, with the support of the PSC Guarantors, to strengthen
               their collaboration to meet the agreed timeframe;
                     9.   Requests the Governments of the DRC, Uganda and Rwanda to
               strengthen their collaboration to ensure the repatriation of former M23 combatants
               located in their territories consistent with the Nairobi declarations and in line with
               commitments under the PSC Framework, calls upon the Guarantors of PSC
               framework to continue their engagement with the stakeholders towards the
               resumption of the joint consultation between the DRC Government and the former
               M23 leadership initiated in 2016 under the auspices of the Guarantors, and further
               urges the former M23 leadership to cooperate fully with the repatriation of former
               combatants consistent with its commitment under the Nairobi declaration;
                    10. Reiterates its call for a suitable solution for the relocation of elements of
               the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army-in Opposition (SPLM/A-iO)
               currently present in the DRC, welcomes the spirit of collaboration displayed by the
               Governments of DRC and South Sudan and the progress achieved thus far in this
               regard with the support of MONUSCO and the Office of the Special Envoy for th e
               Great Lakes Region, and calls on all regional actors and the international
               community to support these efforts;
                     11. Commends the efforts of the African Union, as well as the subregional
               organizations in particular ECCAS, EAC, ICGLR and SADC, towards su pporting
               political processes and finding peaceful solutions for the conflict situations in the
               region;
                     12. Urges continued regional and international support for initiatives aimed
               at promoting inclusive dialogue amongst national stakeholders and stresses the
               importance of opening political space to enable the full and free participation of
               peaceful political parties, civil society and the media as well as the full participation
               of both men and women in the political process, urges international and regional
               support for strengthening and improving capacity for elections and governance in
               the countries of the region, and calls on member states in the Great Lakes region to
               take steps to ensure that electoral processes promote peace and security through
               timely, peaceful, inclusive and credible elections, in line with countries ’ own
               constitutions and the African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance, as
               applicable;
                     13. Notes the link between justice and conflict prevention, and calls upon all
               countries in the Great Lakes region to comply with their obligations under
               international law, including international human rights law and international
               humanitarian law, and encourages them to actively pursue accountability for
               perpetrators of human rights violations and abuses and violations of international
               humanitarian law and to effectively support measures of conflict prevention by
               ending the culture of impunity, and welcomes efforts by national governments to
               reverse such trend;
                     14. Shares the view expressed in the RSF GLR that there is an urgent need to
               address violence and discrimination against women and girls, including rape and
               other forms of sexual violence in the Great Lakes region and take into account the

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           link between women´s participation in peace and security decision -making, for
           peace and gender equality;
                 15. Supports the regional initiatives on the issue of gender related violence
           in armed conflict to influence regional and local decision makers, aimed at the
           implementation of the commitments of the Kampala Declaration addressing
           impunity for gender based crimes at the country level and to improve women ’s
           visibility, empowerment and resilience;
                 16. Welcomes measures taken by the Governments in the region to
           implement the Group of Experts established by resolution 1533 (2004) due
           diligence guidelines, including adopting the Regional Certification Mechanism of
           the ICGLR into their national legislation, in accordance with OECD Guidance and
           international practice, and further welcomes the successful organization of the
           Regional Experts and Stakeholders Consultation on Natural Resources and Good
           Governance for Sustainable Peace, Development and Transformation of the Great
           Lakes Region, held in Nairobi on 5 and 6 July 2017, and notes with encouragement
           the increased cooperation between ICGLR and other partners on strengthening the
           ICGLR Regional Initiative against the Illegal Exploitation of Natural Resources;
                 17. Stresses the need to undertake further efforts to cut off financing for
           armed groups involved in destabilizing activities through the illicit trade of natural
           resources, including gold or wildlife products, and encourages the continuation of
           efforts by the Governments of the region to address issues of illegal exploitation and
           smuggling of natural resources, including holding accountable all those who
           participate in the illicit trade of natural resources, particu larly gold and wildlife
           products, and further encourages enhanced cooperation among the Governments in
           the region in line with its resolution 2360 (2017);
                 18. Stresses the need to find durable solutions for refugees, internally
           displaced persons and asylum seekers in the region, the majority of whom are
           women and children and are especially affected, and welcomes the efforts of
           Governments in the region and of regional and subregional organizations, as w ell as
           the hospitality provided by host communities for the millions of displaced people,
           and recalls in this regard obligations of the States in the region under the 1951
           Convention relating to the Status of Refugees;
                 19. Urges the governments of the region, as well as regional and
           international partners, to continue addressing urgent and drastically increasing
           humanitarian needs and pursue durable solutions for internally displaced persons,
           refugees and asylum seekers, notes that despite increasing needs, humanitarian
           appeals remain underfunded across the region, and urges international partners, and
           the donor community at large, to step up their support to humanitarian action in the
           region and in the DRC;
                 20. Underlines the importance of peacebuilding efforts to address the root
           causes of conflict through a collaborative approach between the countries in the
           region and the African Union and African subregional organizations, as well as
           international partners, and recognizes, in this regard, the potential contribution of
           the Peacebuilding Commission (PBC), in accordance with its mandate as stipulated
           in resolutions 1645 (2005) and 2282 (2016);
                 21. Recalls the Regional Strategic Framework for the Great lakes region
           2016–2017 (RSF GLR), which outlines the United Nations development approach in
           support of the implementation of the PSC Framework; and urges the donor
           community to contribute to the implementation of the RSF GLR, as an effective
           platform for partnership, in support of member states in the national and regional
           commitments aimed to address the root causes of conflicts, promote economic

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               development and cooperation among countries of the region, as well as
               strengthening mechanisms and capacities to address cross-border insecurity and
               trafficking, and bring about durable peace in the Great Lakes region;
                      22. Calls on the United Nations Special Envoy for the Great Lakes Region to
               continue his regional and international engagement in furtherance of peace and
               stability in the DRC and the region, including through the promotion of timely,
               credible, and inclusive national elections, regional dialogue and by continuing, in
               close coordination with the SRSG for the DRC and Head of MONUSCO, to lead,
               coordinate and assess the implementation of the national and regional commitments
               under the PSC Framework, as well as to continue his engagement in regional
               initiatives with key partners to address the underlying root causes of conflict, while
               avoiding overlapping with other United Nations institutions;
                     23. Stresses the need for deepening cooperation among the Guarantors of the
               PSC Framework, namely, the UN, AU, the ICGLR and SADC with the core
               signatory countries of the Framework, to ensure that major regional political and
               security challenges are addressed in a spirit of cooperation, and to create conditions
               for sustainable peace, stability and development in the DRC and the Great Lakes
               region, and for future alignment of the United Nations presence and engagement to
               this end;
                     24. Invites, in this regard, the Secretary General, to engage in high -level
               dialogue, in collaboration with the African Union, with the signatory states and
               Guarantor institutions of the PSC Framework, as well as key regional and
               international partners, to assess the progress, challenges and shortcomings in the
               implementation of the Framework, and to present his vision, supported by concrete
               recommendations, to the Council in his next report, which would mark the fifth
               anniversary of the signing of the PSC Framework.

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Security Council resolution 2389 (2017) [on implementation of the Peace, Security and Cooperation Framework for the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Region]

S/72 [102] DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION
S/72 [101] GREAT LAKES REGION (AFRICA)--REGIONAL SECURITY
S/72 [104] UN ORGANIZATION STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

Mouvement du 23 mars (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|UN. Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Great Lakes Region|UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Framework for Peace, Security and Cooperation for the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Region (2013)|PEACEBUILDING|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION|REGIONAL SECURITY|GREAT LAKES REGION (AFRICA)


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2392 (2017)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                14 December 2017

               Resolution 2392 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8135th meeting, on
               14 December 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions 1996 (2011), 2046 (2012), 2057 (2012), 2109
               (2013), 2132 (2013), 2155 (2014), 2187 (2014), 2206 (2015), 2223 (2015), 2241
               (2015), 2252 (2015), 2302 (2016), 2304 (2016), and 2327 (2016) and statements by
               its President S/PRST/2014/16, S/PRST/2014/26, S/PRST/2015/9, S/PRST/2016/1,
               S/PRST/2016/3, and S/PRST/2017/4,
                     Determining that the situation in South Sudan continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.  Decides to extend the mandate of the United Nations Mission in the
               Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS), as set out in resolution 2327 (2016), until
               15 March 2018, and authorizes UNMISS to use all necessary means to carry out its
               tasks;
                    2.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

17-22550 (E)
*1722550*

Security Council resolution 2392 (2017) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 15 Mar. 2018]

S/72 [216] UN MISSION IN SOUTH SUDAN
S/72 [223] SOUTH SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS

UN Mission in South Sudan|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|SOUTH SUDAN


Middle East, including Palestinian question

The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question