               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2232 (2015)
               Security Council                                              Distr.: General
                                                                             28 July 2015

               Resolution 2232 (2015)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7491st meeting, on
               28 July 2015

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling all its previous resolutions and statements of its President on the
               situation in Somalia,
                    Underlining its respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, political
               independence, and unity of Somalia,
                    Condemning recent Al Shabaab attacks in Somalia and beyond, expressing
               serious concern at the ongoing threat posed by Al Shabaab, and underlining its
               concern that Al Shabaab continues to hold territory in Somalia,
                     Expressing outrage at the loss of civilian life, in Al Shabaab attacks, and
               paying tribute to the bravery and sacrifices made by the African Union Mission in
               Somalia (AMISOM) and the Somali National Army (SNA) personnel in the fight
               against Al Shabaab, as well as to United Nations (UN) staff killed in the Garowe
               attack,
                     Reiterating its determination to support efforts to reduce the threat posed by
               Al Shabaab in Somalia, and underlining its commitment to support a Somali-led
               political peace and reconciliation process,

               AMISOM
                    Welcoming the Report of the Joint African Union – United Nations Mission on
               the Benchmarks for a United Nations Peacekeeping Operation in Somalia and
               recommendations on the next steps in the military campaign (‘The Joint UN -AU
               Review’) requested in resolution 2182 (2014), and taking note of the review’s
               recommendations,
                    Welcoming the constructive manner in which the UN and African Union (AU)
               conducted the review,
                    Welcoming the progress of AMISOM and the SNA in the fight against
               Al Shabaab, in particular through Operations ‘Indian Ocean’ and ‘Eagle’, and
               underlining the importance of continuing offensive operations against Al Shabaab,

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                    Taking note of the African Union Peace and Security Council’s (AUPSC)
               30th June 2015 communiqué, which endorsed the recommendations of Joint UN -AU
               Review, and underlining its call for full adherence to the AMISOM command and
               control architecture, which can help to ensure that the recommendations of the joint
               review are properly implemented,
                     Welcoming the support of the international community to peace and stability in
               Somalia, in particular the European Union for its substantial contribution in
               supporting AMISOM, as well as support from other key bilateral partners to both
               AMISOM and the SNA, and emphasizing the importance of new contributors, in
               particular the AU, sharing the financial burden of supporting AMISOM,
                     Welcoming the AU’s investigation of allegations of sexual violence allegedly
               perpetrated by some AMISOM troops, underlining the importance of the AU
               implementing the recommendations of the report, expressing its disappointment that
               the AU did not receive full cooperation from all AMISOM troop contributing
               countries in carrying out its investigation, and calling on the AU and troop
               contributing countries to ensure that allegations are properly investigated and
               appropriate follow-up action is taken, including full investigation of those cases of
               abuse evidenced by the AU investigation team,

               UNSOM
                    Commending the role of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia
               (UNSOM) in supporting peace and reconciliation and the promotion and protection
               of human rights in Somalia,
                    Underlining the importance of UNSOM consolidating its presence across
               Somalia in order to help facilitate political dialogue between the centre and the
               regions and to support local peace and reconciliation processes,
                     Determining that the situation in Somalia continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

               AMISOM
                    1.    Agrees with the Secretary-General that conditions in Somalia are not
               appropriate for the deployment of a United Nations peacekeeping mission until the
               end of 2016 at the earliest;
                     2.    Welcomes the revised benchmarks as set out in the Secretary-General’s
               letter to the President of the Security Council of 2 July 2015, agrees with his
               conclusion that the achievement of the benchmarks could pave the way for the
               deployment of a United Nations peacekeeping operation which could help
               consolidate the peace process in Somalia and the development of Somali security
               sector institutions, and requests the Secretary-General to keep these benchmarks
               under continuous review, in consultation with the AU;
                     3.  Decides to authorize the Member States of the AU to maintain the
               deployment of AMISOM, as set out in paragraph 1 of resolution 2093 (2013) until
               30 May 2016, in line with the Security Council’s request to the AU for a maximum
               level of 22,126 uniformed personnel, and as part of an overall exit strategy for
               AMISOM, after which a decrease in AMISOM’s force strength will be considered,

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           and further decides that AMISOM shall be authorized to take all necessary
           measures, in full compliance with its Member States’ obligations under international
           humanitarian law and human rights law, and in full respect of the sovereignty,
           territorial integrity, political independence and unity of Somalia, to carry out its
           mandate;
                 4.   Requests the Secretary-General to continue to provide a logistical
           support package for AMISOM, referred to in paragraphs 10, 11 and 12 of resolution
           2010 (2011), paragraphs 4 and 6 of resolution 2036 (2012), paragraph 2 of
           resolution 2073 (2012), paragraph 4 of resolution 2093 (2013), and paragraph 26 of
           resolution 2182 (2014), ensuring the accountability and transparency o f expenditure
           of UN funds as set out in paragraph 4 of resolution 1910 (2010), and consistent with
           the requirements of the Secretary-General’s Human Rights Due Diligence Policy;
                5.     Underlines that the security strategy for the next 18 months should aim
           to create and preserve an enabling environment for the political, and peace and
           reconciliation processes to unfold in Somalia, agrees with the Secretary-General’s
           assessment that the security strategy in Somalia should be guided by three
           objectives:
                i)    Continuing offensive operations against Al Shabaab strongholds;
                ii) Enabling the political process at all levels, including through securing
                critical political processes throughout Somalia;
                iii) Enabling stabilisation efforts through supporting the delivery of security
                for the Somali people to facilitate the wider process of peacebuilding and
                reconciliation, including through the gradual handing over of security
                responsibilities from AMISOM to the SNA and subsequently to the Somali
                police force;
                 6.   Requests that, in line with the recommendations of the Joint AU -UN
           Review, the AU undertakes a structured and targeted reconfiguration of AMISOM to
           enable a surge in its efficiency, in particular by strengthening command and control
           structures, enhancing cross-sector operations, examining sector boundaries,
           generating a dedicated special forces’ capability under the authority of the Force
           Commander, which should operate alongside existing Somali special forces,
           generating all the requisite specialized units recommended by the Secretary-General’s letter of 14 October 2013 and authorized in paragraph 3 of resolution
           2124 (2013), ensuring that all force enablers and multipliers operate under the
           authority of the Special Representative of the Chairperson of the AU Commis sion
           and Force Commander, and taking into account progress achieved in offensive
           operations against Al Shabaab and other terrorist organisations, by gradually, and in
           a limited manner, and where appropriate, reconfiguring AMISOM uniformed
           personnel in favour of police personnel within the authorized AMISOM personnel
           ceiling, welcomes in this regard the intention of the AU to develop a new Concept of
           Operations for AMISOM, and requests the AU to develop this concept in close
           collaboration with the UN by 30 October 2015;
                7.   Welcomes the Secretary-General’s commitment to work with the AU
           Chairperson, troop contributing countries, and Federal Government of Somalia
           (FGS) to help ensure that this surge in efficiency materialises and is sustained over
           time, and requests the Secretary-General to monitor the implementation of this

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               surge, including through performance indicators, and in this regard to keep the
               Council updated in his regular reporting;
                    8.    Requests the Secretary-General to work closely with the AU in
               supporting the implementation of this resolution, paying particular attention to the
               provisions of paragraph 6 of this resolution, further requests the Secretary-General
               to continue to provide technical and expert advice to the AU on the planning,
               deployment and strategic management of AMISOM through the UN office to the
               AU, and reiterates its request to the Secretary-General, in view of the need to
               increase AMISOM’s efficiency, to enhance the provision of technical advice to the
               AU through existing UN mechanisms;
                     9.    Agrees with the Secretary-General that a joint AMISOM – UN – Somali
               planning mechanism should assess and facilitate the delivery of the strategy set out
               in paragraph 5 of this resolution, as well as in the implementation of stabilisation
               priorities and, ensuring in particular thorough coordination and consultation ahead
               of, during and after offensive operations;
                    10. Underlines that it is essential that military operations are followed
               immediately by national efforts to establish or improve governance structures in
               recovered areas and by the delivery of basic services, including security;
                     11. Underlines the imperative of securing key supply routes to areas
               recovered from Al Shabaab, requests AMISOM and the SNA to ensure they give the
               utmost priority to securing key supply routes essential to improve the humanitarian
               situation in the most affected areas, and as a critical condition for logistical support
               to AMISOM, and requests the Secretary-General to report, in consultation with the
               FGS and AMISOM, on progress in this regard in his written reports to the Security
               Council;
                     12. Agrees with the Secretary-General that there have been gaps in the
               integrated provision of logistical support to AMISOM and SNA troops, and
               underscores that the delivery of logistical remains a joint responsibility between the
               UN and AU, and underlines its determination to seek improvements to the support
               provided to AMISOM, and provided by UNSOA to the SNA, as funded through the
               UN trust fund;
                      13. Requests the Secretary-General, in consultation with all stakeholders, to
               carry out a strategic review of UNSOA, including a thorough review of support
               provided to AMISOM by all partners, and set out a wide range of options on how to
               improve overall support to AMISOM, in the context of the efficiency surge outlined
               in paragraph 6, including through making improvements to the performance,
               management, and structures of UNSOA, bearing in mind the imperative of
               responsible cost control and taking into account the availability of resources, and
               further requests the Secretary-General to present these options to the Council by no
               later than 30 September 2015;
                     14. Stresses the critical need to source contingent owned equipment
               including force enablers and multipliers as provided for in paragraph 6 of resolution
               2036 (2012) either from existing AMISOM Troop-Contributing Countries or other
               Member States, emphasizes in particular the need for an appropriate aviation
               component of up to twelve military helicopters, welcomes the progress made in the
               partial generation of this component, and encourages Member States to respond to
               AU efforts to mobilize such equipment urgently;

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                 15. Welcomes the commencement of activities establishing a Civilian
           Casualty Tracking Analysis and Response Cell (CCTARC) as requested in
           resolutions 2093 (2013) and 2124 (2013), and underlines the importance of making
           the CCTARC operational and effective without further delay, in collaboration with
           humanitarian, human rights and protection actors, and ensuring information is
           shared with relevant actors including the UN;
                 16. Reiterates its call for new donors to support AMISOM through the
           provision of additional funding for troop stipends, equipment, technical assistance
           and uncaveated funding for AMISOM to the United Nations Trust Fund for
           AMISOM, calls upon the AU to consider how to provide sustainable funding for
           AMISOM, such as through its own assessed costs as it did for the African-led
           International Support Mission in Mali, and underlines the AU’s call for its Member
           States to provide financial support to AMISOM;

           Somali National Security Forces
                 17. Stresses the importance of accelerating the strengthening and improved
           coordination of the Somali security institutions and to initiate efforts to move
           towards the eventual handover of security responsibilities to the Somali security
           services, including through the establishment of a forum between the FG S, AU and
           UN to specifically plan for, and regularly monitor, the handover of security
           responsibilities, which is an essential part of AMISOM’s eventual exit strategy and
           further calls for the rapid completion of the Somali National Security Sector
           architecture, including a definition of the roles of relevant national security sector
           institutions as a way of improving coordination between the SNA and AMISOM;
                 18. Welcomes the adoption of the Guulwade (Victory) Plan as a critical step
           towards the development of the capacity of a more effective and sustainable Somali
           National Army, including the initial priority of supporting and developing the
           10,900 SNA troops, welcomes the efforts taken so far by the FGS in establishing an
           integrated army, and urges the FGS to complete this process across Somalia as soon
           as possible, notes the importance for implementing the Guulwade (Victory) Plan of
           AMISOM’s provision of training and mentoring to the SNA, and underscores the
           importance of bilateral partners delivering on any pledged support as well as
           supporting UNSOM in implementing its mandate to assist the FGS in coordinating
           international donor support on security sector assistance, and in this regard
           emphasizes the importance of UNSOM’s mandate to assist the FGS in coordinating
           international donor support on security sector assistance;
                 19. Welcomes efforts to develop a realistic police plan linked with medium -
           term rule of law programmes and in line with the federal v ision, taking into account
           existing plans for the development of the Somali National Police Force, and
           emphasizes the importance of substantially contributing to the development and
           sustenance of the regional police forces, while continuing police initiati ves in
           Mogadishu, welcomes the FGS’ initial draft ‘Heegan’ plan for the police and looks
           forward to its finalisation by the end of October 2015, and in this regard takes note
           of the recommendation of the Secretary-General to establish a non-lethal support
           package for the Somali police force, further stresses that an appropriate UN trust
           fund or voluntary funding arrangement should be used to fund such support if
           authorised by the Security Council, requests further details from the Secretary-General for implementation and delivery of such support by 30 September 2015,

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               and underlines that such support should be provided in accordance with the human
               rights due diligence policy on UN support to non-United Nations forces (HRDDP);
                     20. Expresses concern over the increasing activities of Al Shabaab in
               Puntland and the security implications of the situation in Yemen for Somalia, takes
               note of the recommendation of the Secretary-General to extend the SNA non-lethal
               support package authorized in paragraph 14 of resolution 2124 (2013) to 3,000
               Puntland forces on an exceptional basis upon completion of their integration process
               and inclusion into the Guulwade (Victory) Plan, recalls the criteria established in
               paragraph 14 of resolution 2124 (2014) with respect to the pro vision of non-lethal
               logistical support to the SNA, recalls UNSOA’s mandate, and underlines its current
               areas of operations and limitations to its capacity, requests the Secretary-General to
               explore the feasibility of implementing this recommendation, and to report to the
               Council by no later than 30 September 2015;

               UNSOM
                     21. Decides to extend UNSOM’s mandate, as set out in paragraph 1 of
               resolution 2158 (2014) until 30 March 2016;
                     22. Underscores the importance of UNSOM’s support to the political
               process, in particular supporting the preparation of an inclusive, realistic and
               legitimate electoral process in 2016;
                     23. Welcomes the strong relationship between UNSOM and AMISOM,
               welcomes in particular the key role played by the UN Special Representative a nd the
               Special Representative of the Chairperson of the AU Commission in ensuring the
               organisations work closely together, and underlines the importance of both entities
               strengthening further that relationship to ensure that the activities of both entities
               support the political process;
                     24. Requests UNSOM, subject to strict adherence to UN security
               requirements and in the context of the evolving security situation, to strengthen its
               presence in all capitals of Interim Regional Administrations to support st rategically
               the political and peace and reconciliation process, including by engaging with the
               Interim Regional Administrations in support of a federal structure, taking into
               account operational and security constraints, and in this context takes note of the
               importance of keeping security arrangements under constant review, encourages
               regional engagement to be carried out jointly by AMISOM -UNSOM teams, agrees
               with the conclusion of the Secretary-General that deployment of civilian planning
               capacity in regional capitals should be a priority in order to improve joint planning
               between military and civilian components, and requests AMISOM, in accordance
               with its existing mandate, and Somali National Security Forces to take appropriate
               measures to protect UNSOM personnel, facilities, installations, equipment and
               mission and to ensure the security and freedom of movement of its personnel;

               Somalia
                     25. Welcomes President Hassan Sheikh’s and the FGS’s commitment to an
               inclusive and credible electoral process in 2016, underlines the Council’s
               expectation that there should not be an extension of electoral process timelines for
               either the executive or legislative branches, and underlines the importance of
               implementing this commitment including through an inclusive process to agree on

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           the model for the electoral process and ensuring that the National Independent
           Electoral Commission and Boundaries and Federation Committee are operational
           without further delay, and emphasizes the importance of reconciliation across the
           country as the basis of any long term approach to stability;
                 26. Underlines the need to ensure progress in the constitutional review
           process without further delay in order to establish an effective federal political
           system and a comprehensive reconciliation process that brings about national
           cohesion and integration, and underlines in this regard the importance of supporting
           the peaceful and inclusive completion of the state formation process and providing
           effective mediation when necessary and encourages close dialogue between the
           Federal Government of Somalia, regional administrations, civil society and the
           Somali public in this regard;
                27. Calls on all key actors and institutions in Somalia, including Parliament,
           to engage constructively to ensure progress on Vision 2016 before an electoral
           process in 2016;
                 28. Underlines the importance of governing in a spirit of national unity in an
           inclusive manner, in order to ensure no further delays in the political process;
                 29. Expresses concern at continued violations and abuses of human rights
           and violations of international humanitarian law in Somalia and underscores the
           need to end impunity, uphold human rights and to hold accountable those
           responsible for such crimes, encourages the FGS to finalise its Human Rights
           Roadmap and establish its National Human Rights Commission and to pass
           legislation including legislation aimed at protecting human rights and e nsuring
           investigations and prosecutions of perpetrators of human rights violations;
                 30. Expresses concern at the increase in forced evictions of internally
           displaced persons from public and private infrastructure in major towns in Somalia,
           stresses that any eviction should be consistent with relevant national and
           international frameworks, and calls upon the FGS and all relevant actors to strive to
           provide concrete durable solutions for internal displacement;
                 31. Expresses concern at the ongoing humanitarian crisis in Somalia and its
           impact on the people of Somalia, commends the efforts of the United Nations
           humanitarian agencies and other humanitarian actors to deliver life -saving
           assistance to vulnerable populations, condemns any misuse or obstruction of
           humanitarian assistance, and reiterates its demand that all parties allow and
           facilitate full, safe and unhindered access for the timely delivery of aid to persons in
           need across Somalia; and underlines the importance of proper accounting in
           international humanitarian support, and encourages national disaster management
           agencies in Somalia to scale up capacity with support from the United Nations to
           take a stronger leadership role in coordination of humanitarian response;
                32. Underlines the importance of respect for international humanitarian law
           and the protection of civilians, especially women and children, by all armed groups
           in Somalia;
                 33. Reaffirms the important role of women and youth in the prevention and
           resolution of conflicts and in peacebuilding, stresses the importance of their
           participation in all efforts for the maintenance and promotion of peace and security,
           notes that women are not adequately represented in the assemblies of the new

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               interim regional administrations, and urges the FGS and Interim Regional
               Administrations to continue to promote increased representation of women at all
               decision-making levels in Somali institutions, and encourages UNSOM to enhance
               its interaction across Somali civil society, including women, youth, and religious
               leaders in order to ensure that the views of civil society are incorporated in the
               various political processes;
                     34. Welcomes Somalia’s progress towards ratifying the Convention on the
               Rights of the Child (1989) and calls for increased implementation of the two Action
               Plans signed in 2012 and strengthening of the legal framework for the protection of
               children, especially in light of continued abductions and recruitment of children as
               detailed in the Report of the Secretary-General on Children and Armed Conflict of
               5 June 2015;
                    35. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security Council regularly
               informed on the implementation of this resolution, including through oral updates
               and no fewer than three written reports, with the first written report by
               12 September, and every 120 days thereafter;
                    36.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2232 (2015) [on deployment of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) until 30 May 2016 and extension of the mandate of the UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) until 30 Mar. 2016]

African Union Mission in Somalia|African Union|UN. Support Office for the African Union Mission in Somalia|UN Assistance Mission in Somalia|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|SOMALIA|SOMALIA SITUATION

Southern Asia|Sub-Saharan Africa|Western Asia


               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/2234 (2015)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                29 July 2015

               Resolution 2234 (2015)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7496th meeting, on
               29 July 2015

                    The Security Council,
                    Welcoming the report of the Secretary-General of 9 July 2015 (S/2015/517) on
               the United Nations operation in Cyprus,
                    Noting that the Government of Cyprus is agreed that in view of the prevailing
               conditions on the island it is necessary to keep the United Nations Peacekeeping
               Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) beyond 31 July 2015,
                     Noting the intention of the Secretary-General to report on his Good Offices in
               the next reporting period, and echoing the Secretary-General’s firm belief that the
               responsibility for finding a solution lies first and foremost with the Cypriots
               themselves, and reaffirming the primary role of the United Nations in assisting the
               parties to bring the Cyprus conflict and division of the island to a comprehensi ve
               and durable settlement,
                     Welcoming the re-launching of negotiations, the positive momentum and the
               commitment expressed by the leaders to work tirelessly to reach a comprehensive
               settlement as soon as possible, in a results-oriented manner as agreed to in the Joint
               Declaration adopted by the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot leaders on
               11 February 2014, and the support provided by the Secretary-General’s Special
               Adviser on Cyprus Espen Barth Eide,
                     Recalling the importance attached by the international community to all
               parties engaging fully, flexibly and constructively in the negotiations and noting that
               the negotiations have not yet resulted in an enduring, comprehensive and just
               settlement based on a bicommunal, bizonal federation with political equal ity, as set
               out in the relevant Security Council resolutions, encouraging the sides to intensify
               the substantive negotiations on the unresolved core issues interdependently, and
               stressing that the status quo is unsustainable,
                     Noting the need to advance the consideration of and discussions on military
               confidence building measures, calling for renewed efforts to implement all
               remaining confidence building measures, and for agreement on and implementation
               of further steps to build trust between the communitie s,

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                    Reaffirming the importance of continued crossings of the Green Line by
               Cypriots, and encouraging the opening by mutual agreement of other crossing
               points,
                    Convinced of the many important benefits, including economic benefits for all
               Cypriots that would flow from a comprehensive and durable Cyprus settlement,
               urging the two sides and their leaders to foster positive public rhetoric, and
               encouraging them clearly to explain the benefits of the settlement, as well as the
               need for increased flexibility and compromise in order to secure it, to both
               communities well in advance of any eventual referenda,
                    Highlighting the importance of the supporting role of the international
               community, and in particular that of all parties concerned in taking practical steps
               towards helping the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot leaders to exploit fully the
               current opportunity,
                     Taking note of the assessment of the Secretary-General that the security
               situation on the island and along the Green Line remains stable, and urging all sides
               to avoid any action, including violations of the military status quo, which could lead
               to an increase in tension, undermine the progress achieved so far, or damage the
               goodwill on the island,
                    Recalling the Secretary-General’s firm belief that the situation in the buffer
               zone would be improved if both sides accepted the 1989 aide -memoire used by the
               United Nations,
                    Noting with regret that the sides are withholding access to the remaining
               minefields in the buffer zone, and that demining in Cyprus mus t continue, noting the
               continued danger posed by mines in Cyprus, noting also recent proposals and
               discussions as well as positive initiatives on demining, and urging rapid agreement
               on facilitating the recommencement of demining operations and clearance o f the
               remaining minefields,
                     Commending the work of the Committee on Missing Persons, highlighting the
               importance of intensifying its activities, noting that half of all missing persons have
               yet to be located and more than 70% have yet to be identified, urging the opening
               up of access to all areas expeditiously to allow the Committee to carry out its work,
               and trusting that this process will promote reconciliation between the communities,
                     Agreeing that active participation of civil society groups, including women’s
               groups, is essential to the political process and can contribute to making any future
               settlement sustainable, recalling that women play a critically important role in peace
               processes, welcoming all efforts to promote bicommunal contacts and events
               including, inter alia, on the part of all United Nations bodies on the island, and
               urging the two sides to promote the active engagement of civil society and the
               encouragement of cooperation between economic and commercial bodies and to
               remove all obstacles to such contacts,
                    Stressing the need for the Council to pursue a rigorous, strategic approach to
               peacekeeping deployments,
                    Welcoming the intention of the Secretary-General to keep all peacekeeping
               operations under close review to ensure efficiency and effectiveness, including a
               review of UNFICYP when appropriate, and noting the importance of contingency
               planning in relation to the settlement, including recommendations as appropriate for

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           further adjustments to UNFICYP’s mandate, force levels and other resources and
           concept of operations, taking into account developments on the ground and the
           views of the parties,
                 Noting with appreciation the efforts of Lisa Buttenheim as the Special
           Representative of the Secretary-General, Force Commander Major General Kristin
           Lund, and the Secretary-General’s appointment of Special Adviser Espen Barth
           Eide,
                Echoing the Secretary-General’s gratitude to the Government of Cyprus and
           the Government of Greece for their voluntary contributions to the funding of
           UNFICYP, and his request for further voluntary contributions from other countries
           and organizations, and expressing appreciation to Member States that contribute
           personnel to UNFICYP,
                Welcoming and encouraging efforts by the United Nations to sensitize
           peacekeeping personnel in the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS and other
           communicable diseases in all its peacekeeping operations,
                 1.    Welcomes the resumption of the leaders-led negotiations as well as the
           progress achieved so far and the ongoing efforts of the leaders and their negotiators
           to reach a comprehensive and durable settlement, and encourages the sides to grasp
           the current opportunity with determination to secure a comprehensive settlement;
                2.    Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General (S/2015/517);
                3.     Recalls Security Council resolution 2026 (2011), and calls upon the two
           leaders to:
                 (a) Put their efforts behind further work on reaching convergences on the
           core issues;
                (b) Continue to work with the Technical Committees with the objective of
           improving the daily lives of the Cypriots;
                (c) Improve the public atmosphere for the negotiations, including by
           focussing public messages on convergences and the way ahead, and delivering more
           constructive and harmonised messages; and
                (d)   Increase the participation of civil society in the process as appropriate;
                 4.   Urges the implementation of confidence-building measures, and looks
           forward to agreement on and implementation of further such mutually-acceptable
           steps, including military confidence building measures and the opening of other
           crossing points, that can contribute to a conducive environment for a settlement;
                 5.    Welcomes all efforts to accommodate the Committee on Missing Persons
           exhumation requirements as well as the joint appeal for information issued by the
           two leaders on 28 May 2015, and calls upon all parties to provide more expeditious,
           full access to all areas, given the need to intensify the Committee’s work;
                6.   Reaffirms all its relevant resolutions on Cyprus, in particular resolution
           1251 (1999) of 29 June 1999 and subsequent resolutions;
               7.    Expresses its full support for UNFICYP and decides to extend its
           mandate for a further period ending 31 January 2016;

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                    8.    Calls on both sides to continue to engage, as a matter of urgency and
               while respecting UNFICYP’s mandate, in consultations with UNFICYP on the
               demarcation of the buffer zone, and on the United Nations 1989 aide-memoire, with
               a view to reaching early agreement on outstanding issues;
                    9.     Calls on the Turkish Cypriot side and Turkish forces to restore in
               Strovilia the military status quo which existed there prior to 30 June 2000;
                     10. Calls on both sides to allow access to deminers and to facilitate the
               removal of the remaining mines in Cyprus within the buffer zone, and urges both
               sides to extend demining operations outside the buffer zone;
                     11. Requests the Secretary-General to submit a report on implementation of
               this resolution, including on contingency planning in relation to the settlement, by
               10 January 2016 and to keep the Security Council updated on events as necessary;
                    12. Welcomes the efforts being undertaken by UNFICYP to implement the
               Secretary-General’s zero tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to
               ensure full compliance of its personnel with the United Nations code of conduct,
               requests the Secretary-General to continue to take all necessary action in this regard
               and to keep the Security Council informed, and urges troop-contributing countries
               to take appropriate preventive action including the conduct of pre -deployment
               awareness training, and to take disciplinary action and other action to ensure full
               accountability in cases of such conduct involving their personnel;
                    13.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2234 (2015) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) until 31 Jan. 2016]

S/70 [43] UN PEACEKEEPING FORCE IN CYPRUS
S/70 [42] CYPRUS QUESTION

UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus|UN. Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus|POLITICAL CONDITIONS|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|MINE CLEARANCE|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|CYPRUS|CYPRUS QUESTION


2014 Letter from Ukraine (Ukraine)

Letter dated 28 February 2014 from the Permanent Representative of Ukraine to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council (S/2014/136)


               United Nations                                                                      S/RES/2233 (2015)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                29 July 2015

               Resolution 2233 (2015)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7495th meeting, on
               29 July 2015

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling all its previous relevant resolutions on Iraq, in particular 1500
               (2003), 1546 (2004), 1557 (2004), 1619 (2005), 1700 (2006), 1770 (2007), 1830
               (2008), 1883 (2009), 1936 (2010), 2001 (2011), 2061 (2012), 2110 (2013), 2169
               (2014), and resolution 2107 (2013) on the situation between Iraq and Kuwait,
                    Reaffirming the independence, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of Iraq,
                     Emphasizing the importance of the stability and security of Iraq for the people
               of Iraq, the region, and the international community,
                      Expressing grave concern at the current security situation in Iraq as a result of
               a large-scale offensive carried out by terrorist groups, in particular the Islamic State
               in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), (also known as Da’esh) and associated armed groups,
               involving violations of international humanitarian law, heavy civilian casualties,
               including women and children, the displacement of more than three million Iraqi
               civilians, use of sexual violence against and the sexual enslavement of women and
               girls, threats against all religious and ethnic groups, and the threat to the safety of
               journalists, media professionals, and associated personne l; condemning the attacks
               perpetrated by these terrorist groups and associated armed groups against the people
               of Iraq in an attempt to destabilize the country and region, and reiterating its
               commitment to Iraq’s security and territorial integrity,
                     Noting that the presence of ISIL on Iraq’s sovereign territory is a major threat
               to Iraq’s future, underscoring that the only way to address this threat is for all Iraqis
               to work together by addressing needs in the security as well as the political realm,
               stressing the long-term solution to the instability will require the political leadership
               of Iraq to make decisions that will unite the country, and emphasizing the
               importance of the international community supporting Iraq in this regard,
                     Calling on all political entities to overcome divisions and work together in an
               inclusive and timely political process aimed at strengthening Iraq ’s national unity,
               sovereignty and independence; and for Iraq’s leaders to engage in dialogue that
               would contribute to finding a viable and sustainable solution to the country’s current
               challenges; and reaffirming its belief that through its democratic institutions, in

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               cooperation with Iraqi society, Iraq can work to address the challenges facing the
               country for the benefit of all Iraqis,
                     Underscoring the need for all segments of the Iraqi population to participate in
               the political process, in inclusive political dialogue, and in the economic and social
               life of Iraq, to refrain from statements and actions which could aggravate tensions ,
               to reach a comprehensive solution on the fair distribution of resources, and to
               promote stability, develop a just and fair solution for the nation ’s disputed internal
               boundaries and work to strengthen national unity, and stressing the importance of a
               comprehensive and inclusive Iraqi-led political process to support dialogue for all
               those who renounce violence, have no links to international terrorist organizations
               including ISIL, and respect the constitution,
                     Encouraging the Government of Iraq to continue strengthening governance,
               promoting human rights and the rule of law, improving the situation of women and
               girls, especially those impacted by ISIL, improving security and public order,
               combating terrorism and sectarian violence, and reiterating its support to the people
               and the Government of Iraq in their efforts to build a secure, stable, federal, united
               and democratic nation, based on the rule of law and respect for human rights,
                     Expressing grave concern for the more than three million individuals se eking
               refuge in other areas of Iraq, reiterating its gratitude to the host communities,
               underscoring that host communities should provide access to safe areas for
               internally displaced people, emphasizing the urgency of addressing humanitarian
               issues confronting the Iraqi people, stressing the need to continue to plan and
               implement a coordinated response and to provide adequate resources to address
               these issues, calling for an intensification of these efforts by all parties and urging
               all Member States to continue to fund the UN humanitarian appeals, encouraging
               Member States to support the United Nations’ humanitarian response in Iraq,
               working with the Government of Iraq, to assist all Iraqi individuals affected by the
               ongoing conflict, and commending the efforts of Member States that have
               contributed to the humanitarian effort,
                     Emphasizing the need to continue efforts to promote international and regional
               cooperation aimed at supporting Iraq both in its reconciliation and political dialogue
               and in its fight against ISIL, and to prevent terrorist groups included on the
               sanctions list established by the Committee pursuant to resolutions 1267 (1999) and
               1989 (2011), in particular ISIL, from using the territories of Iraq and neighbouring
               States to carry out violence or other illicit acts to destabilize Iraq and the region,
               expressing its readiness to sanction further individuals, groups, undertakings, and
               entities who are supporting ISIL, also expressing grave concern over reports of
               access to and seizure of oilfields and pipelines in Iraq by terrorist groups listed by
               the Committee, strongly condemning any engagement in direct or indirect trade in
               oil and refined oil products, modular refineries and related material, other natural
               resources, and antiquities from Iraq involving these terrorist groups, consistent with
               Security Council Resolution 2199 (2015), and emphasizing that such engagement
               constitutes financial support for such terrorists and may lead to further sanctions
               listings by the Committee,
                     Reaffirming the importance of the United Nations, in particular the United
               Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI), in advising, supporting and assisting
               the Iraqi people, including civil society, and Government to strengthen democratic
               institutions, advance inclusive political dialogue and national reconciliation

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           according to the Constitution, facilitate regional dialogue, develop processes
           acceptable to the Government of Iraq to resolve disputed internal boundaries, aid
           youth and vulnerable groups including refugees and internally displaced persons,
           promote the protection of human rights, gender equality, children and youth, and
           vulnerable groups, and emphasizing the importance of the United Nations, in
           particular UNAMI, prioritizing advice, support, and assistance to the Iraqi people,
           including civil society, and Government to achieve these goals,
                Further expressing grave concern that the violent extremism and terrorism
           perpetrated by ISIL in Iraq has frequently targeted women and girls, and that ISIL
           has committed serious human rights abuses, and violations of international
           humanitarian law against women and children, including those involving murder,
           kidnapping, hostage taking, enslavement, their sale into or otherwise forced
           marriage, human trafficking, rape, sexual slavery and other forms of sexual
           violence, and expressing grave concern at the recruitment and use of children by
           ISIL and other armed groups in violation of international law,
                 Encouraging the Government of Iraq to continue in its efforts to promote and
           protect the rights of women and reaffirming its resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820
           (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009), 1960 (2010), 2106 (2013), and 2122 (2013) on
           women, peace, and security and reiterating the need for the full, equal, and effective
           participation of women; reaffirming the key role women can play in re -establishing
           the fabric of society and stressing the need for their full political participation,
           including in peace processes, political decision making, and the development of
           national strategies, in order to take into account their perspectives, and looking
           forward to the full implementation, including funding, of Iraq ’s National Action
           Plan on Security Council resolution 1325 (2000),
                 Reaffirming that all parties should continue to take all feasible steps to ensure
           the protection of affected civilians, including children, women and members of
           religious and ethnic minority groups, and should create cond itions conducive to the
           voluntary, safe, dignified, and sustainable return of refugees and internally displaced
           persons or local integration of internally displaced persons, particularly in areas
           newly-liberated from ISIL, and to promote stabilization acti vities and long-term
           sustainable development, welcoming commitments and encouraging continued
           efforts of the Government of Iraq for the relief of internally displaced persons,
           refugees and returnees, noting the important role of the Office of the United Na tions
           High Commissioner for Refugees, based on its mandate, in providing continued
           advice and support to the Government of Iraq, in coordination with UNAMI, on
           these issues, and encouraging the Government of Iraq to continue working with
           UNAMI and humanitarian agencies to ensure the delivery of humanitarian relief to
           those in need,
                 Urging the Government of Iraq to continue to promote and protect human
           rights and also to consider additional steps to support the Independent High
           Commission for Human Rights in carrying out its mandate, and reaffirming that all
           parties, including ISIL, associated armed groups, and militias, must respect human
           rights and abide by all applicable obligations under international humanitarian law,
           including those protecting the civilian population, by which both official Iraqi
           forces and member states that assist them must also abide,

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                     Reaffirming that all States shall ensure that any person who participates in the
               financing, planning, preparation, or perpetration of terrorist acts o r in supporting
               terrorist acts is brought to justice,
                      Urging all those concerned to allow full unimpeded access by humanitarian
               personnel to all people in need of assistance, and to make available, as far as
               possible, all necessary facilities for their operations, and to promote the safety,
               security, and freedom of movement of humanitarian personnel and United Nations
               staff, its associated personnel and their assets, and also to respect and protect health
               care workers and medical transport and facilities,
                     Condemning the destruction of cultural heritage in Iraq particularly by ISIL,
               including targeted destruction of religious sites and objects and noting with concern
               that ISIL and other individuals, groups, undertakings and entities associated with
               Al-Qaida, are generating income from engaging directly or indirectly in the looting
               and smuggling of cultural heritage items from archaeological sites, museums,
               libraries, archives, and other sites in Iraq, which is being used to support their
               recruitment efforts and strengthen their operational capability to organize and carry
               out terrorist attacks,
                     Recognizing that the situation that now exists in Iraq is significantly different
               from that which existed at the time of the adoption of resolution 661 (1990), and
               further recognizing the importance of Iraq achieving international standing equal to
               that which it held prior to the adoption of resolution 661 (1990),
                     Expressing deep gratitude to all the United Nations staff in Iraq for their
               courageous and tireless efforts, and commending the leadership and good offices
               role of the Secretary-General’s Special Representative for Iraq, Ján Kubiš,
                     1.   Decides to extend the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission
               for Iraq (UNAMI) until July 31, 2016;
                     2.   Decides further that the Special Representative of the Secretary-General
               and UNAMI, at the request of the Government of Iraq, and taking into account the
               letter from the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Iraq to the Secretary -General
               (S/2015/520), shall continue to pursue their mandate as stipulated in resolution 2169
               (2014); and recalls the provisions of resolution 2107 (2013);
                     3.    Welcomes the recommendation of the Secretary-General in his latest
               report (S/2015/530) to revise and prioritize the tasks of UNAMI, requests the
               Secretary-General, in full consultations with the Government of Iraq, to report back
               in further detail about such recommendation to the Security Council within t he next
               90 days;
                    4.   Recognizes that security of United Nations personnel is essential for
               UNAMI to carry out its work for the benefit of the people of Iraq and calls upon the
               Government of Iraq to continue to provide security and logistical support to the
               United Nations presence in Iraq;
                     5.    Welcomes the contributions of Member States in providing UNAMI with
               the financial, logistical, and security resources and support that it needs to fulfil its
               mission and calls upon Member States to continue to provide UNAMI with
               sufficient resources and support;

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                                                                                S/RES/2233 (2015)

               6.    Expresses its intention to review the mandate of UNAMI in twelve
           months or sooner, if requested by the Government of Iraq;
                7.    Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Council every three
           months on the progress made towards the fulfilment of all UNAMI’s
           responsibilities;
                8.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2233 (2015) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) until 31 July 2016]

S/70 [124] UN ASSISTANCE MISSION FOR IRAQ
S/70 [119] IRAQ SITUATION

UN Assistance Mission for Iraq|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|POLITICAL CONDITIONS|IRAQ|IRAQ SITUATION


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2235 (2015)
               Security Council                                               Distr.: General
                                                                              7 August 2015

               Resolution 2235 (2015)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7501st meeting, on
               7 August 2015

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling the Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating,
               Poisonous or other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, and the
               Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use
               of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction (CWC), and the Council’s
               resolutions 1540 (2004), 2118 (2013) and 2209 (2015),
                    Recalling that the Syrian Arab Republic acceded to the CWC, noting that the
               use of any toxic chemical, such as chlorine, as a chemical weapon in the S yrian
               Arab Republic is a violation of resolution 2118, and further noting that any such use
               by the Syrian Arab Republic would constitute a violation of the CWC,
                     Condemning in the strongest terms any use of any toxic chemical as a weapon
               in the Syrian Arab Republic and noting with outrage that civilians continue to be
               killed and injured by toxic chemicals as weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic,
                     Reaffirming that the use of chemical weapons constitutes a serious violation of
               international law, and stressing again that those individuals responsible for any use
               of chemical weapons must be held accountable,
                    Recalling its request to the Director-General of the Organisation for the
               Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) and the Secretary-General to report in a
               coordinated manner on non-compliance with resolution 2118,
                    Noting the letter of the Secretary-General to the President of the Security
               Council of 25 February 2015 (S/2015/138), transmitting the note of the Director-General of the OPCW, discussing the decision of the OPCW Executive Council of
               4 February 2015 that expressed serious concern regarding the findings of the Fact -
               Finding Mission (FFM) made with a high degree of confidence that chlorine has
               been used repeatedly and systematically as a weapon in the Syrian Arab Republic,
                     Noting that toxic chemicals as weapons have allegedly been used subsequent
               to the adoption on March 6 of Security Council resolution 2209 (2015),
                     Recognizing that the OPCW FFM is not mandated to reach conclusions about
               attributing responsibility for chemical weapons use,

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S/RES/2235 (2015)

                    Recalling that, in its resolution 2118, it decided that the Syrian Arab Republic
               and all parties in Syria shall cooperate fully with the OPCW and the United Nations,
                   1.     Reiterates its condemnation in the strongest terms of any use of any toxic
               chemical, such as chlorine, as a weapon in the Syrian Arab Republic;
                     2.    Recalls its decision that the Syrian Arab Republic shall not use, develop,
               produce, otherwise acquire, stockpile or retain chemical weapons, or, transfer,
               directly or indirectly, chemical weapons to other States or non -State actors;
                    3.     Reiterates that no party in Syria should use, develop, produce, acquire,
               stockpile, retain, or transfer chemical weapons;
                     4.   Expresses its determination to identify those responsible for these acts
               and reiterates that those individuals, entities, groups, or governments responsible
               for any use of chemicals as weapons, including chlorine or any other toxic chemical,
               must be held accountable, and calls on all parties in the Syrian Arab Republic to
               extend their full cooperation in this regard;
                     5.   Requests the UN Secretary-General, in coordination with the OPCW
               Director-General, to submit to the Security Council, for its authorisation , within
               20 days of the adoption of this resolution, recommendations, including elements of
               Terms of Reference, regarding the establishment and operation of an OPCW -United
               Nations Joint Investigative Mechanism to identify to the greatest extent feasible
               individuals, entities, groups, or governments who were perpetrators, organisers,
               sponsors or otherwise involved in the use of chemicals as weapons, including
               chlorine or any other toxic chemical, in the Syrian Arab Republic where the OPCW
               FFM determines or has determined that a specific incident in the Syrian Arab
               Republic involved or likely involved the use of chemicals as weapons, including
               chlorine or any other toxic chemical, and expresses its intent to respond to the
               recommendations, including elements of Terms of Reference, within five days of
               receipt;
                     6.   Requests further that after the Security Council has authorised the Joint
               Investigative Mechanism that the United Nations Secretary-General, in coordination
               with the OPCW Director-General, undertake without delay the steps, measures, and
               arrangements necessary for the speedy establishment and full functioning of the
               Joint Investigative Mechanism, including recruiting impartial and experienced staff
               with relevant skills and expertise in accordance with Terms of Reference and notes
               due regard should be paid to the importance of recruiting the staff on as wide of a
               geographical basis as is practicable;
                     7.    Recalls that in its resolution 2118, it decided that the Syrian Arab
               Republic and all parties in Syria shall cooperate fully with the OPCW and the
               United Nations and stresses that this includes an obligation to cooperate with the
               OPCW Director-General and its FFM and the United Nations Secretary-General and
               the Joint Investigative Mechanism, that such cooperation includes full access to all
               locations, individuals, and materials in the Syrian Arab Republic that the Joint
               Investigative Mechanism deems relevant to its investigation and where it determines
               there are reasonable grounds to believe access is justified based on its assessment of
               the facts and circumstances known to it at the time, including in areas within the
               Syrian territory but outside of the control of the Syrian Arab Republic, and that such
               cooperation also includes the ability of the Joint Investigative Mechanism to
               examine additional information and evidence that was not obtained or prepared by

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                                                                                S/RES/2235 (2015)

           the FFM but that is related to the mandate of the Joint Investigative Mechanism as
           set forth in paragraph 5;
                8.   Calls on all other States to cooperate fully with the Joint Investigative
           Mechanism and in particular to provide it and the OPCW FFM with any relevant
           information they may possess pertaining to individuals, entities, groups, or
           governments who were perpetrators, organisers, sponsors or otherwise involved in
           use of chemicals as weapons, including chlorine or any other toxic chemical, in the
           Syrian Arab Republic;
                 9.    Requests the FFM to collaborate with the Joint Investigative Mechanism
           from the commencement of the Joint Investigative Mechanism’s work to provide
           full access to all of the information and evidence obt ained or prepared by the FFM
           including but not limited to, medical records, interview tapes and transcripts, and
           documentary material, and requests the Joint Investigative Mechanism, with respect
           to allegations that are subject to investigation by the FFM, to work in coordination
           with the FFM to fulfil its mandate;
                10. Requests the United Nations Secretary-General, in coordination with the
           OPCW Director-General, to present a report to the United Nations Security Council
           and inform the OPCW Executive Council as of the date the Joint Investigative
           Mechanism begins its full operations and every 30 days thereafter on the progress
           made;
                11. Requests the Joint Investigative Mechanism to complete its first report
           within 90 days of the date on which it commences its full operations, as notified by
           the United Nations Secretary-General, and complete subsequent reports as
           appropriate thereafter and requests the Joint Investigative Mechanism to present the
           report, or reports, to the United Nations Security Council and inform the OPCW
           Executive Council;
                 12. Requests the Joint Investigative Mechanism to retain any evidence
           related to possible uses of chemical weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic other than
           those cases in which the FFM determines or has determined that a specific incident
           in the Syrian Arab Republic involved or likely involved the use of chemicals as
           weapons, including chlorine or any other toxic chemical, and to transmit that
           evidence to the FFM through the Director-General of the OPCW and to the
           Secretary-General as soon as practicable;
                 13. Affirms that action by the Security Council consistent with paragraph 5 is
           sufficient for the establishment of the Joint Investigative Mechanism;
                14. Decides to establish the Joint Investigative Mechanism for a period of
           one year with a possibility of future extension by the Security Council, if it deems it
           necessary;
               15. Reaffirms its decision in response to violations of resolution 2118 to
           impose measures under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter;
                16.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2235 (2015) [on establishment of an OPCW-UN Joint Investigative Mechanism to identify the use of chemical weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic]

S/70 [222] SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC SITUATION

OPCW/UN Joint Investigative Mechanism|CHEMICAL WEAPONS USE|WEAPONS DESTRUCTION|VERIFICATION|SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC


               United Nations                                                                      S/RES/2236 (2015)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                21 August 2015

               Resolution 2236 (2015)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7509th meeting, on
               21 August 2015

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling all its previous resolutions on Lebanon, in particular resolutions 425
               (1978), 426 (1978), 1559 (2004), 1680 (2006), 1701 (2006), 1773 (2007), 1832
               (2008), 1884 (2009), 1937 (2010) and 2004 (2011), 2064 (2012), 2115 (2013) and
               2172 (2014), as well as the statements of its President on the situation in Lebanon,
               in particular the statement of its President dated 19 March 2015, and its Press
               Statement of 4 February 2015,
                     Responding to the request of the Government of Lebanon to extend the
               mandate of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) for a period of
               one year without amendment presented in a letter from the Lebanese Foreign
               Minister to the Secretary-General of 14 July 2015 and welcoming the letter from the
               Secretary-General to its President of 5 August 2015 (S/2015/598) recommending
               this extension,
                     Reiterating its strong support for the territorial integrity, sovereignty and
               political independence of Lebanon,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to the full implementation of all provisions of
               resolution 1701 (2006), and aware of its responsibilities to help secure a permanent
               ceasefire and a long-term solution as envisioned in the resolution,
                    Calling upon all concerned parties to strengthen their efforts to fully
               implement all provisions of resolution 1701 (2006) without delay,
                    Expressing deep concern at all violations in connection with resolution 1701
               (2006) in particular the serious disruption of the cessation of hostilities that took
               place on 28 January 2015, and looking forward to the rapid finalization of UNIFIL’s
               investigations with a view to preventing such violations in the future,
                     Underlining the risk that such events could lead to a new conflict that none of
               the parties or the region can afford,
                     Urging all parties to make every effort to ensure that the cessation of
               hostilities is sustained, exercise maximum calm and restraint and refrain from any
               action or rhetoric that could jeopardize the cessation of hostilities or destabilize the
               region,

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                    Emphasizing the importance of full compliance with the prohibition on sales
               and supply of arms and related materiel established by resolution 1701 (2006),
                     Recalling the utmost importance that all parties concerned respect the Blue
               line in its entirety, welcoming the continued progress in the marking of the Blue
               line, and encouraging the parties to accelerate their efforts in coordination with
               UNIFIL, including through the tripartite mechanism, to continue working in the
               ongoing process to delineate and visibly mark the Blue Line in its entirety, as well
               as to move forward on the marking of its points of contention, as recommended by
               the Strategic Review,
                     Condemning in the strongest terms all attempts to threaten the security and
               stability of Lebanon,
                     Reaffirming its determination to ensure that no such acts of intimidation
               prevent UNIFIL from implementing its mandate in accordance with Security
               Council resolution 1701 (2006), and recalling the necessity for all parties to ensure
               that UNIFIL personnel are secure and their freedom of movement is fully respected
               and unimpeded,
                    Recalling the relevant principles contained in the Convention on the Safety of
               United Nations and Associated Personnel,
                    Commending the active role and dedication of the personnel of UNIFIL and
               expressing its strong appreciation to Member States that contribute to UNIFIL and
               underlining the necessity that UNIFIL has at its disposal all necessary means and
               equipment to carry out its mandate,
                     Recalling the request from the Government of Lebanon to deploy an
               international force to assist it to exercise its authority throughout the territory, and
               reaffirming UNIFIL’s authority to take all necessary action in areas of operations of
               its forces and as it deems within its capabilities, to ensu re that its area of operations
               is not utilized for hostile activities of any kind and to resist attempts by forceful
               means to prevent it from discharging its mandate,
                     Welcoming the crucial role played by the Lebanese Armed Forces and security
               forces in extending and sustaining the authority of the Government of Lebanon, in
               particular in southern Lebanon, and responding to other security challenges,
               including the threat of terrorism, and the strong international commitment to support
               the Lebanese Armed Forces, which has helped strengthen the capability of the
               Lebanese Armed Forces to provide security for Lebanon,
                    Welcoming the efforts of the Secretary-General to keep all peacekeeping
               operations, including UNIFIL, under close review, and stressing the need for the
               Council to pursue a rigorous, strategic approach to peacekeeping deployments,
                     Expressing its full support for the strategic priorities and recommendations
               identified by the Secretary-General in his letter of 12 March 2012 (S/2012/151) as a
               result of the Strategic Review of UNIFIL, and requesting the Secretary-General to
               continue updating the Council on the implementation of the Strategic Review,
                    Calling upon Member States to assist the Lebanese Armed Forces as needed to
               enable it to perform its duties in line with resolution 1701 (2006),
                     Determining that the situation in Lebanon continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security,

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                                                                                S/RES/2236 (2015)

                1.    Decides to extend the present mandate of UNIFIL until 31 August 2016;
                2.   Commends the positive role of UNIFIL, whose deployment together with
           the Lebanese Armed Forces has helped to establish a new strategic environment in
           southern Lebanon, welcomes the expansion of coordinated activities between
           UNIFIL and the Lebanese Armed Forces, and calls for further enhancement of this
           cooperation;
                 3.    Welcomes in this regard the continued engagement of UNIFIL and the
           Lebanese Armed Forces in the Strategic Dialogue, which aims at carrying out
           analysis of ground forces and maritime assets and setting a series of benchmarks
           reflecting the correlation between the capacities and responsibilities of UNIFIL
           vis-à-vis those of the Lebanese Armed Forces, with a view to identifying Lebanese
           Armed Forces requirements for implementing tasks mandated in resolution 1701
           (2006);
                4.     Urges in this regard further international support for the Lebanese Armed
           Forces, in response to the capabilities development plan of the Lebanese Armed
           Forces, as well as in the framework of the International Support Group for Lebanon,
           through additional and expedited assistance in areas where the Lebanese Armed
           Forces are most critically in need of support, including counter -terrorism and border
           protection;
                5.    Strongly calls upon all parties to respect the cessation of hostilities, to
           prevent any violation of the Blue Line and to respect it in its entirety and to
           cooperate fully with the United Nations and UNIFIL;
                 6.    Welcomes the constructive role played by the Tripartite Mechanism in
           facilitating coordination and in de-escalating tensions, which has helped to further
           stabilize the situation along the Blue Line and build trust between the parties, and
           expresses in this regard strong support for the efforts o f UNIFIL to engage with both
           parties to facilitate liaison, coordination, and practical arrangements on the ground
           and to continue to ensure that the tripartite mechanism enables the parties to discuss
           a wider range of issues;
                 7.    Urges all parties to abide scrupulously by their obligation to respect the
           safety of UNIFIL and other United Nations personnel and to ensure that the freedom
           of movement of UNIFIL is fully respected and unimpeded, in conformity with its
           mandate and its rules of engagement including by avoiding any course of action
           which endangers United Nations personnel, and in this regard, calls for further
           cooperation between UNIFIL and the Lebanese Armed Forces in particular
           regarding coordinated and adjacent patrols, welcomes the commitment of the
           Lebanese authorities to protect UNIFIL movements and reiterates its call for the
           rapid finalization of the investigation launched by Lebanon regarding the 27 May,
           26 July and 9 December 2011 attacks in order to bring to justice the perpetrators of
           these attacks;
                 8.   Urges all parties to cooperate fully with the Security Council and the
           Secretary-General to make tangible progress towards a permanent ceasefire and a
           long-term solution as envisioned in resolution 1701 (2006) and on all outstanding
           issues in the implementation of Security Council resolutions 1701 (2006), 1680
           (2006) and 1559 (2004), and other relevant Security Council resolutions;

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                     9.   Urges the Government of Israel to expedite the withdrawal of its army
               from northern Ghajar without further delay in coordination with UNIFIL, which has
               actively engaged Israel and Lebanon to facilitate such a withdrawal;
                     10. Reaffirms its call on all States to fully support and respect the
               establishment between the Blue Line and the Litani River of an area fr ee of any
               armed personnel, assets and weapons other than those of the Government of
               Lebanon and UNIFIL;
                    11. Welcomes the efforts being undertaken by UNIFIL to implement the
               Secretary-General’s zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to
               ensure full compliance of its personnel with the United Nations code of conduct,
               requests the Secretary-General to continue to take all necessary action in this regard
               and to keep the Security Council informed, and urges troop -contributing countries
               to take preventive and disciplinary action to ensure that such acts are properly
               investigated and punished in cases involving their personnel;
                     12. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to report to the Council on
               the implementation of resolution 1701 (2006), every four months, or at any time as
               he deems appropriate;
                     13. Stresses the importance of, and the need to achieve, a comprehensive, just
               and lasting peace in the Middle East, based on all its relevant resolutions including
               its resolutions 242 (1967) of 22 November 1967, 338 (1973) of 22 October 1973,
               1515 (2003) of 19 November 2003 and 1850 (2008) of 16 December 2008;
                    14.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2236 (2015) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) until 31 Aug. 2016]

S/70 [57] UN INTERIM FORCE IN LEBANON
S/70 [54] MIDDLE EAST SITUATION
S/70 [52] ISRAEL--LEBANON

UN Interim Force in Lebanon|Lebanon. Armed Forces|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|LEBANON|MIDDLE EAST SITUATION


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2237 (2015)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                2 September 2015

               Resolution 2237 (2015)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7517th meeting, on
               2 September 2015
                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions and statements by its President on the
               situation in Liberia,
                     Welcoming the sustained progress made by the Government of Liberia, in
               rebuilding Liberia for the benefit of all Liberians, with the support of the
               international community,
                    Taking note of the report of the United Nations Panel of Experts on Liberia
               (S/2015/558),
                     Further noting the Secretary-General’s letter, dated 31 July 2015
               (S/2015/590), updating the Security Council on progress made by the Government
               of Liberia to implement the recommendations on the proper management of arms
               and ammunition, including enacting the necessary laws, and on facilitating the
               effective monitoring and management of the border regions between Liberia and
               Côte d’Ivoire,
                    Commending the Government of Liberia for responding effectively to the
               Ebola outbreak in Liberia and recognizing, in this regard, the resilience of the
               people and Government of Liberia, and its security institutions, especially the
               Armed Forces of Liberia and the Liberia National Police,
                    Welcoming the efforts of Member States, bilateral partners and multilateral
               organizations, including the United Nations, African Union (AU) and Economic
               Community of West African States (ECOWAS), to support the Government of
               Liberia in its response to the Ebola outbreak, further welcoming the contributions of
               the international community, including the Peacebuilding Commission, to assist
               Liberia in its comprehensive development commitment in the post-Ebola recovery
               period particularly through capacity-building of its security institutions and strongly
               encouraging further steps forward in this regard,
                     Affirming that the Government of Liberia bears primary responsibility for
               protecting all populations within its territory from atrocities, and stressing that
               lasting stability in Liberia will require the Government of Liberia to sustain
               effective and accountable government institutions, particularl y in the rule of law and
               security sectors,

15-14886 (E)
*1514886*

S/RES/2237 (2015)

                     Stressing the need for increased progress on security sector reform in Liberia
               in particular to ensure that Liberia’s military, police, and border security forces are
               self-sufficient, capable, and adequately prepared to protect the Liberian people,
                    Underlining that the transparent and effective management of natural
               resources is critical for Liberia’s sustainable peace and security,
                     Recalling the Council’s readiness to terminate the measures imposed by
               paragraphs 2 (a) and (b) and 4 (a) of Resolution 1521 (2003) upon its determination
               that the ceasefire in Liberia is being fully respected and maintained, disarmament,
               demobilization, reintegration, repatriation and restructuring of the security sector
               have been completed, the provisions of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement are
               being fully implemented, and significant progress has been made in establishing and
               maintaining stability in Liberia and the subregion,
                     Further recalling the Council’s intention to consider modifying the measure
               imposed by paragraph 1 of resolution 1532 (2004) once the Government of Liberia
               established transparent accounting and auditing mechanisms to ensure the
               responsible use of government revenue to benefit directly the people of Liberia ,
                    Determining that, despite significant progress, the situation in Liberia
               continues to constitute a threat to international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.   Decides to renew the measures on arms, previously imposed by
               paragraph 2 of resolution 1521 (2003) and modified by paragraphs 1 and 2 of
               resolution 1683 (2006), by paragraph 1 (b) of resolution 1731 (2006), by paragraphs
               3, 4, 5 and 6 of resolution 1903 (2009), by paragraph 3 of reso lution 1961 (2010),
               and by paragraph 2 (b) of resolution 2128 (2013) for a period of 9 months from the
               date of adoption of this resolution;
                    2.   Decides to terminate the travel and financial measures set forth in
               paragraph 4 of resolution 1521 (2003) and paragraph 1 of resolution 1532 (2004);
                     3.   Decides to extend the mandate of the Panel of Experts appointed
               pursuant to paragraph 9 of resolution 1903 (2009) for a period of 10 months from
               the date of adoption of this resolution to undertake the following tasks in close
               collaboration with the Government of Liberia and the Côte d’Ivoire Group of
               Experts:
                     (a) To investigate and compile a final report on the implementation, and any
               violations, of the measures on arms as renewed by paragraph 1 above, including the
               various sources of financing for the illicit trade of arms, and on progress in the
               security and legal sectors with respect to the Government of Libe ria’s ability to
               effectively monitor and control arms and border issues;
                    (b) To provide to the Council, after discussion with the Committee, a final
               report no later than 1 May 2016 on all the issues listed in this paragraph, and to
               provide informal updates to the Committee as appropriate before that date;
                     (c) To cooperate actively with other relevant panels of experts, in particular
               that on Côte d’Ivoire re-established by paragraph 24 of resolution 2153 (2014);
                   4.    Requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary administrative
               measures as expeditiously as possible to re-establish the Panel of Experts, having

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                                                                                S/RES/2237 (2015)

           due regard for its reduced mandate, to consist of 1 member, for a period of
           10 months from the date of adoption of this resolution;
                5.    Calls upon all States, including Liberia, to cooperate fully with the Panel
           of Experts in all aspects of its mandate;
                6.    Recalls that responsibility for controlling the circulation of small arms
           within the territory of Liberia and between Liberia and neighbouring States rests
           with the relevant governmental authorities in accordance with the Economic
           Community of West African States Convention on Small Arms and Light Weapons
           of 2006;
                7.    Urges the Government of Liberia to prioritize and expedite the adoption
           and implementation of appropriate arms and ammunition management legislation
           and take other necessary and appropriate steps to establish the necessary legal and
           administrative framework to combat the illicit trafficking of arms and ammunition;
                 8.    Affirms that it will be prepared to adjust the measures contained in this
           resolution, including by re-imposing or strengthening measures, as well as
           modifying, suspending or lifting measures, as may be needed at any time in light of
           the stability of Liberia and the subregion;
                9.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

15-14886                                                                                3/3

Security Council resolution 2237 (2015) [on renewal of measures on arms and travel imposed by Security Council resolution 1521 (2003) and on extension of the mandate of the Panel of Experts on Liberia]

UN. Panel of Experts Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 1961 (2010)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|SANCTIONS|ARMS EMBARGO|TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS|LIBERIA|LIBERIA SITUATION|LAWS AND REGULATIONS|AMMUNITION|ILLICIT ARMS TRAFFICKING