               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2360 (2017)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               21 June 2017

               Resolution 2360 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7981st meeting,
               on 21 June 2017

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions and the statements of its President
               concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC),
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of the DRC as well as all States in the region and emphasizing
               the need to respect fully the principles of non-interference, good neighbourliness
               and regional cooperation,
                     Stressing the primary responsibility of the Government of the DRC for
               ensuring security in its territory and protecting its populations with respect for the
               rule of law, human rights and international humanitarian law, including protection
               from crimes against humanity and war crimes,
                    Taking note of the interim report (S/2016/1102) of the Group of Experts on the
               DRC (“the Group of Experts”) established pursuant to resolution 1533 (2004) and
               extended pursuant to resolutions 1807 (2008), 1857 (2008), 1896 (2009), 1952
               (2010), 2021 (2011), 2078 (2012), 2136 (2014), 2198 (2015) and 2293 (2016),
                     Condemning in the strongest terms the killing of two members of the Group of
               Experts who were monitoring the sanctions regime in the Kasaï Central region,
               expressing its deepest sympathy to the families of the victims, the Governments of
               the United States, Chile and Sweden, as well as to the Group of Experts on the DRC
               and the UN Secretariat, and further expressing concern over the unknown status of
               the four Congolese nationals accompanying them,
                     Reiterating the need for the Government of the DRC to swiftly and fully
               investigate the killing of the two members of the Group of Experts and bring the
               perpetrators to justice, calling upon the Government of the DRC to cooperate with
               the United Nations enquiries, as well as with law enforcement investigations that
               may be conducted by Sweden or the United States, in accordance with DRC
               national legislation, and in this context, welcoming the Secretary General’s
               establishment of a UN Board of Inquiry to investigate the deaths of the two experts
               and his commitment that the United Nations will do everything possible to ensure
               that the perpetrators are brought to justice,
                    Recalling the strategic importance of the implementation of the Peace,
               Security and Cooperation (PSC) Framework for the DRC and the region, and

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               reiterating its call to all signatories to fulfil promptly, fully and in good faith their
               respective commitments under this agreement in order to address the root causes of
               conflict and put an end to recurring cycles of violence,
                     Recalling the commitments under the PSC Framework by all States of the
               region not to interfere in the internal affairs of neighbouring countries, and to
               neither tolerate nor provide assistance or support of any kind to armed groups, and
               reiterating its strong condemnation of any and all internal or external support to
               armed groups active in the region, including through financial, logistical or military
               support,
                     Remaining greatly concerned by the security and humanitarian situation that
               continues to severely affect the civilian population, expressing deep concern
               regarding the recent surge in the number of internally displaced persons in the DRC,
               further reiterating its deep concern regarding the ongoing military activities of
               foreign and domestic armed groups and the smuggling of Congolese natural
               resources, in particular gold and ivory, stressing the importance of neutralizing all
               armed groups, including the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda
               (FDLR), the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA),
               and all other armed groups in the DRC, in line with resolution 2348 (2017),
                     Condemning the violence witnessed in the Kasai region over recent months
               and expressing serious concerns at alleged violations and abuses of human rights
               committed in the region, reiterating its serious concern at serious violations of
               international humanitarian law committed by local militia in that region, recruitment
               and use of children in armed conflict in violation of applicable international law, as
               well as attacks on the Democratic Republic of the Congo s ecurity forces and
               symbols of State authority, further reiterating its serious concerns at the recent
               reports of 42 mass graves and of killings of civilians by members of the security
               forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, all of which might const itute war
               crimes under international law,
                     Reiterating the importance and urgency of prompt and transparent
               investigations into violations of international humanitarian law and violations and
               abuses of human rights in the Kasais region, further reiterating its intention to
               closely monitor progress of the investigations into these violations, including the
               disproportionate use of force, which will be conducted jointly by the Government of
               the DRC, MONUSCO and the United Nations Joint Human Rights Office in the
               DRC, and in collaboration with the AU, as announced by the Government of the
               DRC, in order to bring to justice and hold accountable all those responsible, and
               looking forward to their results,
                      Condemning the brutal killings of more than 600 civilians in the Beni area
               since October 2014, expressing deep concern regarding the continued threat posed
               by armed groups, in particular the ADF, and the persistence of violence in this
               region, further expressing concern at reports of collaboration between elements of
               the FARDC and armed groups at a local level, in particular recent reports of
               individual officers of the FARDC playing a role in the insecurity in the region of
               Beni, calling for investigations in order to ensure that those responsible are held to
               account, noting the commitment expressed by the Government of the DRC in its
               letter of 15 June 2016 (S/2016/542),
                     Expressing further concern at increased impediments to humanitarian access
               in eastern DRC resulting from insecurity and violence, as well as continued attacks
               against humanitarian actors and assets, underlining that such acts could be the basis
               for designation pursuant to paragraph 2 of this resolution, and calling upon all
               parties in the conflict to respect the impartiality, independence and neutrality of
               humanitarian actors,

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                 Reaffirming the importance of completing the permanent demobilization of the
           former 23 March Movement (M23) combatants, stressing the importance of
           ensuring that its ex-combatants do not regroup or join other armed groups, and
           calling for the acceleration of the implementation of the Nairobi Declarations and of
           the Disarmament, Demobilisation, Repatriation, Reintegration and Resettl ement
           (DDRRR) of M23 ex-combatants, including by overcoming obstacles to
           repatriation, in coordination with the regional States concerned,
                 Condemning the illicit flow of weapons within and into the DRC, including
           their recirculation to and between armed groups, in violation of resolutions 1533
           (2004), 1807 (2008), 1857 (2008), 1896 (2009), 1952 (2010), 2021 (2011), 2078
           (2012), 2136 (2014), 2198 (2015) and 2293 (2016), and declaring its determination
           to continue to monitor closely the implementation of the arms embargo and other
           measures set out by its resolutions concerning the DRC,
                Acknowledging in this respect the important contribution the Council -
           mandated arms embargo makes to countering the illicit transfer of small arms and
           light weapons in the DRC, and in supporting post-conflict peacebuilding,
           disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of ex-combatants and security sector
           reform,
                 Underlining that the transparent and effective management of its natural
           resources and ending illegal smuggling and trafficking of such resources are critical
           for the DRC’s sustainable peace and security, expressing concern at the illegal
           exploitation and trafficking of natural resources by armed groups, and the negative
           impact of armed conflict on protected natural areas, commending the efforts of the
           DRC park rangers and others who seek to protect such areas, encouraging the
           Government of the DRC to continue efforts to safeguard these areas, and stressing
           its full respect for the sovereignty of the Government of the DRC over its natural
           resources and its responsibility to effectively manage these resources in this regard,
                 Recalling the linkage between the illegal exploitation of natural resource s,
           including poaching and illegal trafficking of wildlife, illicit trade in such resources,
           and the proliferation and trafficking of arms as one of the major factors fuelling and
           exacerbating conflicts in the Great Lakes region, and encouraging the continu ation
           of the regional efforts of the International Conference of the Great Lakes Region
           (ICGLR) and the governments involved against the illegal exploitation of natural
           resources, and stressing, in this regard, the importance of regional cooperation and
           deepening economic integration with special consideration for the exploitation of
           natural resources,
                 Noting the Group of Experts’ findings that there have been positive efforts
           related to the minerals trade and traceability schemes but that gold remains a s erious
           challenge, recalling the ICGLR’s Lusaka Declaration of the Special Session to Fight
           Illegal Exploitation of Natural Resources in the Great Lakes Region and its call for
           industry due diligence, commending the ICGLR’s commitment and progress on this
           issue and underscoring that it is critical for regional governments and trading
           centres, particularly those involved in gold refining and the gold trade to intensify
           efforts to increase vigilance against smuggling and reduce practices that could
           undermine the DRC and ICGLR’s regional efforts,
                 Noting with concern reports indicating the continued involvement of armed
           groups, as well as some elements of the FARDC, in the illegal minerals trade, the
           illegal production and trade of charcoal and wood, and wildlif e poaching and
           trafficking,
                 Noting with great concern the persistence of serious human rights abuses and
           international humanitarian law violations against civilians in the eastern part of the

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               DRC, including summary executions, sexual and gender- based violence and large
               scale recruitment and use of children committed by armed groups,
                     Recalling that full and timely implementation of the 31 December 2016
               agreement is critical in supporting the legitimacy of the transitional institutions,
               stressing the crucial importance of a peaceful and credible electoral cycle, in
               accordance with the Constitution and respecting the African Charter on Democracy,
               Elections and Governance, for lasting stabilisation and consolidation of
               constitutional democracy in the DRC, and calling for the immediate implementation
               of confidence-building measures, as per the agreement, including by putting an end
               to restrictions of the political space in the DRC, in particular arbitrary arrests and
               detention of members of the political opposition and of civil society, as well as
               restrictions of fundamental freedoms such as the freedom of opinion and expression,
               including freedom of the press, further stressing the importance of the Government
               of the DRC and its national partners taking all necessary steps to accelerate
               preparations for the elections without further delays, including participation of
               women at all levels and to ensure an environment conducive to the peaceful and
               inclusive conduct of political activities, and the holding of electi ons, as per the
               31 December agreement,
                    Remaining deeply concerned by reports of an increase in serious human rights
               and international humanitarian law violations committed by some members of the
               FARDC, the National Intelligence Agency, the Republican Guard and Congolese
               National Police (PNC), urging all parties to refrain from violence and provocation
               as well as to respect human rights, and emphasizing that the Government of the
               DRC must comply with the principle of proportionality in the use of force,
                      Recalling the importance of fighting against impunity within all ranks of its
               security forces, and stressing the need for the Government of the DRC to continue
               its efforts in this regard and to ensure the professionalism of its security forces,
                    Calling for all those responsible for violations of international humanitarian
               law and violations or abuses of human rights including those involving violence or
               abuses against children and acts of sexual and gender -based violence, to be swiftly
               apprehended, brought to justice and held accountable,
                     Recalling all its relevant resolutions on women and peace and security, on
               children and armed conflict, and on the protection of civilians in armed conflicts,
               also recalling the conclusions of the Security Council Working Group on Children
               and Armed Conflict pertaining to the parties in armed conflict of the DRC
               (S/AC.51/2014/3) adopted on 18 September 2014,
                     Welcoming the efforts of the Government of the DRC, including the
               Presidential Adviser on Sexual Violence and the Recruitment of Children, to
               cooperate with the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and
               Armed Conflict, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual
               Violence, and MONUSCO, to implement the action plan to prevent and end the
               recruitment and use of children and sexual violence by the FARDC, and to combat
               impunity for conflict-related sexual violence, including sexual violence committed
               by the FARDC,
                    Noting the critical importance of effective implementation of the sanctions
               regime, including the key role that neighbouring States, as well as regional and
               subregional organizations, can play in this regard and encouraging efforts to further
               enhance cooperation,
                    Underlining the fundamental importance of timely and detailed notifications to
               the Committee concerning arms, ammunition and training as set out in section 11 of
               the Guidelines of the Committee,

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                 Determining that the situation in the DRC continues to constitute a threat to
           international peace and security in the region,
                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

           Sanctions regime
                 1.    Decides to renew until 1 July 2018 the measures as set out in paragraph
           1 to 6 of resolution 2293 (2016), including its reaffirmations therein, and decides to
           review the provisions of the present resolution by 31 October 2017 following
           submission of the final report referred to in paragraph 5 of this resolution;
                2.    Reaffirms that measures described in paragraph 5 of resolution 2293 shall
           apply to individuals and entities as designated by the Committee for engaging in or
           providing support for acts that undermine the peace, stability or security of the
           DRC, as set forth in paragraph 7 of resolution 2293 (2016);
                 3.    Decides that such acts include planning, directing, sponsoring or
           participating in attacks against MONUSCO peacekeepers or United Nations
           personnel, including members of the Group of Experts;

           Group of experts
                4.    Decides to extend until 1 August 2018 the mandate of the Group of
           Experts, expresses its intention to review the mandate and take appropriate action
           regarding the further extension no later than 1 July 2018, and requests the
           Secretary-General to take the necessary administrative measures as expeditio usly as
           possible to re-establish the Group of Experts, in consultation with the Committee,
           drawing, as appropriate, on the expertise of the members of the Group established
           pursuant to previous resolutions;
                5.     Extends to 15 August 2017 the deadline for the submission of the final
           report of the Group of Experts requested in paragraph 9 of resolution 2293 (2016),
           given the extraordinary circumstances under which the Group of Experts is
           currently operating and taking into account the letter dated 15 June 2017 from the
           Chair of the Committee to the President of the Security Council;
                6.   Requests the Group of Experts to fulfil its mandate as consolidated
           below, and to provide to the Council, after discussion with the Committee, a
           mid-term report no later than 30 December 2017, and a final report no later than
           15 June 2018, as well as submit monthly updates to the Committee, except in the
           months where the mid-term and final reports are due;
                 (a) assist the Committee in carrying out its mandate, including through
           providing the Committee with information relevant to the potential designation of
           individuals and entities who may be engaging in the activities described in
           paragraph 2 of this resolution;
                 (b) gather, examine and analyse information regarding the implementation,
           with a focus on incidents of non-compliance, of the measures decided in this
           resolution;
                (c) consider and recommend, where appropriate, ways of improving the
           capabilities of Member States, in particular those in the region, to ensure the
           measures imposed by this resolution are effectively implemented;
                 (d) gather, examine and analyse information regarding the regional and
           international support networks to armed groups and criminal networks in the DRC;
                 (e) gather, examine and analyse information regarding the supply, sale or
           transfer of arms, related materiel and related military assistance, including through

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               illicit trafficking networks and the transfer of arms and related materiel to armed
               groups from the DRC security forces;
                     (f) gather, examine and analyse information regarding perpetrators of
               serious violations of international humanitarian law and human rights violations and
               abuses, including those within the security forces, in the DRC,
                     (g) evaluate the impact of minerals traceability referred to in paragraph 21 of
               this resolution and continue collaboration with other forums;
                     (h) assist the Committee in refining and updating information on the list of
               individuals and entities subject to the measures imposed by this resolution,
               including through the provision of identifying information and additional
               information for the publicly-available narrative summary of reasons for listing;
                     7.    Expresses its full support to the Group of Experts and calls for enhanced
               cooperation between all States, particularly those in the region, MONUSCO,
               relevant UN bodies and the Group of Experts, encourages further that all parties and
               all States ensure cooperation with the Group of Experts by individuals and enti ties
               within their jurisdiction or under their control and reiterates its demand that all
               parties and all States ensure the safety of its members and its support staff, and that
               all parties and all States, including the DRC and countries of the region, provide
               unhindered and immediate access, in particular to persons, documents and sites the
               Group of Experts deems relevant to the execution of its mandate;
                    8.  Calls upon the Group of Experts to cooperate actively with other Panels
               or Groups of Experts established by the Security Council, as relevant to the
               implementation of its mandate;

               Armed groups
                     9.    Strongly condemns all armed groups operating in the region and their
               violations of international humanitarian law as well as other applicable international
               law, and abuses of human rights including attacks on the civilian population,
               MONUSCO peacekeepers and humanitarian actors, summary executions, sexual and
               gender-based violence and large scale recruitment and use of children, and
               reiterates that those responsible will be held accountable;
                    10. Demands that the FDLR, the ADF, the LRA and all other armed groups
               operating in the DRC cease immediately all forms of violence and other
               destabilizing activities, including the exploitation of natural resources, and that their
               members immediately and permanently disband, lay down their arms, and liberate
               and demobilize all children from their ranks;

               National and Regional Commitments
                     11. Welcomes the progress made to date by the Government of the DRC on
               ending the recruitment and use of children in armed conflict, urges the Government
               of the DRC to continue the full implementation and dissemination throughout the
               military chain of command, including in remote areas, of its commitments made in
               the action plan signed with the United Nations, and for the protection of girls and
               boys from sexual violence, and further calls upon the Government of the DRC to
               ensure that children are not detained on charges related to association with armed
               groups;
                    12. Welcomes efforts made by the Government of the DRC to combat and
               prevent sexual violence in conflict, including progress made in the fight against
               impunity, and calls on the Government of DRC to further pursue its action plan
               commitments to end sexual violence and violations committed by its armed forces

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           and continue efforts in that regard, noting that failure to do so may result in the
           FARDC being named again in future Secretary-General’s reports on sexual
           violence;
                 13. Stresses the importance of the Government of the DRC actively seeking
           to hold accountable those responsible for war crimes and crimes against humanity in
           the country and of regional cooperation to this end, including through its ongoing
           cooperation with the International Criminal Court, encourages MONUSCO to use
           its existing authority to assist the government of the DRC in this regard, and calls
           on all signatories of the PSC Framework to continue to implement their
           commitments and cooperate fully with one another and the Government of the DRC,
           as well as MONUSCO to this end;
                 14. Recalls that there should be no impunity for any of those responsible for
           violations of international humanitarian law and violations and abuses of human
           rights in the DRC and the region, and, in this regard, urges the DRC, all countries in
           the region and other concerned UN Member States to bring perpetrators to justice
           and hold them accountable, including those within the security sector;
                 15. Calls on the Government of the DRC to continue to enhance stockpile
           security, accountability and management of arms and ammunition, with the
           assistance of international partners, to address ongoing reports of diversion to armed
           groups, as necessary and requested, and to urgently implement a national weapons
           marking program, in particular for state-owned firearms, in line with the standards
           established by the Nairobi Protocol and the Regional Centre on Small Arms;
                 16. Emphasizes the primary responsibility of the Government of the DRC to
           reinforce State authority and governance in eastern DRC, including through
           effective security sector reform to allo w army, police and justice sector reform, and
           to end impunity for violations and abuses of human rights and violations of
           international humanitarian law, and urges the Government of the DRC to increase
           efforts in this regard, in accordance with its national commitments under the PSC
           Framework;
                 17. Urges the Government of the DRC as well as all relevant parties to
           swiftly implement the 31 December 2016 “Comprehensive and Inclusive Political
           Agreement” and to ensure an environment conducive to a free, fair, credible,
           inclusive, transparent, peaceful and timely electoral process, in accordance with the
           Congolese Constitution, and recalls all relevant paragraphs of resolution 2348
           (2017);
                 18. Calls upon all States, especially those in the region, to take effective
           steps to ensure that there is no support, in or from their territories, for armed groups
           in, or travelling through, the DRC, stressing the need to address the networks of
           support, the recruitment and use of child soldiers, financing and recruitment of
           armed groups active in the DRC, as well as the need to address the ongoing
           collaboration between FARDC elements and armed groups at a local level, and calls
           upon all States to take steps to hold accountable, where appropriate, leaders and
           members of the FDLR and other armed groups residing in their countries;

           Natural Resources
                  19. Further encourages the continuation of efforts by the Government of the
           DRC to address issues of illegal exploitation and smuggling of natural resources,
           including holding accountable those elements of the FARDC which participate in
           the illicit trade of natural resources, particularly gold and wildlife products;

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                    20. Stresses the need to undertake further efforts to cut off financing for
               armed groups involved in destabilizing activities through the illicit trade of natural
               resources, including gold or wildlife products;
                     21. Welcomes in this regard the measures taken by the Congolese
               Government to implement the due diligence guidelines on the supply chain of
               minerals, as defined by the Group of Experts and the Organization for Economic
               Cooperation and Development (OECD), recognizes the Congolese Government’s
               efforts to implement minerals traceability schemes, and calls on all States to assist
               the DRC, the ICGLR and the countries in the Great Lakes region to develop a
               responsible minerals trade;
                     22. Welcomes measures taken by the Governments in the region to
               implement the Group of Experts due diligence guidelines, including adopting the
               Regional Certification Mechanism of the ICGLR into their national legislation, in
               accordance with OECD Guidance and international practice, requests the extension
               of the certification process to other Member States in the region, and calls on all
               States, particularly those in the region, to continue to raise awareness of the due
               diligence guidelines, including by urging importers, processing industries, including
               gold refiners, and consumers of Congolese mineral products to exercise due
               diligence in accordance with paragraph 19 of resolution 1952 (2010);
                     23. Encourages the ICGLR and ICGLR Member States to work closely with
               the industry schemes currently operating in the DRC to ensure sustainability,
               transparency, and accountability of operations, and further recognizes and
               encourages the DRC government’s continued support for the establishment of
               traceability and diligence systems to allow for the export of artisanal gold;
                     24. Continues to encourage the ICGLR to put in place the necessary
               technical capacity required to support Member States in their fight against the
               illegal exploitation of natural resources, notes that some ICGLR Member States
               have made significant progress, and recommends all Member States to fully
               implement the regional certification scheme and report mineral trade statistics in
               accordance with paragraph 19 of resolution 1952 (2010);
                     25. Encourages all States to continue efforts to end the illicit trade in natural
               resources, in particular in the gold sector, and to hold those complicit in the illicit
               trade accountable, as part of broader efforts to ensure that the illicit trade in natural
               resources is not benefiting sanctioned entities, armed groups or criminal networks,
               including those with members in the FARDC;
                    26. Reaffirms the provisions of paragraphs 7 to 9 of resolution 2021 (2011)
               and calls upon the DRC and States in the Great Lakes region to cooperate at the
               regional level to investigate and combat regional criminal networks and armed
               groups involved in the illegal exploitation of natural resources, including wildlife
               poaching and trafficking, and require their customs authorities to strengthen their
               control on exports and imports of mineral from the DRC;

               Role of MONUSCO
                     27. Recalls the mandate of MONUSCO as outlined in resolution 2348
               (2017), in particular in paragraph 30 underlining the importance of enhanced
               political and conflict-related analysis, including by collecting and analysing
               information on the criminal networks which support the armed groups,
               paragraph 35 (iii) regarding the monitoring of the implementation of the arms
               embargo, and paragraph 35 (iv) on mining activities;
                   28. Encourages timely information exchange between MONUSCO and the
               Group of Experts in line with paragraph 43 of resolution 2348 (2017), and requests

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           MONUSCO to assist the Committee and the Group of Experts, within its
           capabilities;

           Sanctions Committee, Reporting and Review
                 29. Calls upon all States, particularly those in the region and those in which
           individuals and entities designated pursuant to paragraph 2 of this resolution are
           based, to regularly report to the Committee on the actions they have taken to
           implement the measures imposed by paragraphs 1, 4, and 5 and recommended in
           paragraph 8 of resolution 1952 (2010);
                30. Emphasizes the importance for the Committee of holding regular
           consultations with concerned Member States, as may be necessary, in order to
           ensure full implementation of the measures set forth in this resolution;
                 31. Requests the Committee to report orally, through its Chair, at least once
           per year to the Council, on the state of the overall work of the Committee, including
           alongside the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for the DRC on the
           situation in the DRC as appropriate, and encourages the Chair to hold regular
           briefings for all interested Member States;
                 32. Requests the Committee to identify possible cases of non-compliance
           with the measures pursuant to paragraphs 1, 4 and 5 of resolution 2293 (2016) and
           to determine the appropriate course of action on each case, and requests the Chair,
           in regular reports to the Council pursuant to paragraph 31 of this resolution, to
           provide progress reports on the Committee’s work on this issue;
                33. Requests the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for
           Children and Armed Conflict and the Special Representative for Sexual Violence in
           Conflict to continue sharing relevant information with the Committee in accordance
           with paragraph 7 of resolution 1960 (2010) and paragraph 9 of resolution 1998
           (2011);
                 34. Decides that, when appropriate and no later than 1 July 2018, it shall
           review the measures set forth in this resolution, with a view to adjusting them, as
           appropriate, in light of the security situation in the DRC, in particular progress in
           security sector reform and in disarming, demobilizing, repatriating, resettling and
           reintegrating, as appropriate, Congolese and foreign armed groups, with a particular
           focus on children among them, and compliance with this resolution;
                35.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2360 (2017) [on renewal of measures on arms embargo against the Democratic Republic of the Congo imposed by Security Council resolution 2293 (2016) until 1 July 2018 and extension of the mandate of the Group of Experts Established pursuant to Resolution 1533 (2004) until 1 Aug. 2018]

S/72 [102] DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION
S/72 [104] UN ORGANIZATION STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

UN. Group of Experts Established pursuant to Resolution 1533 (2004)|UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|UN. Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 1533 (2004) concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|ARMS EMBARGO|ARMS TRANSFERS|NATURAL RESOURCES|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION|SANCTIONS COMPLIANCE

Latin America and the Caribbean|Northern Europe|Sub-Saharan Africa

Chile|Congo, The Democratic Republic of the|Congo|Rwanda|Sweden


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2364 (2017)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               29 June 2017

               Resolution 2364 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7991st meeting, on
               29 June 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions, in particular 2359 (2017), 2295 (2016) and
               2100 (2013), and its press statements, including of 23 May 2017, concerning the
               situation in Mali,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, unity and territorial
               integrity of Mali, emphasizing that the Malian authorities have primary
               responsibility for the provision of stability and security throughout the territory of
               Mali, and underscoring the importance of achieving national ownership of peaceand security-related initiatives,
                     Reaffirming the basic principles of peacekeeping, including consent of the
               parties, impartiality, and non-use of force, except in self-defence and defence of the
               mandate, and recognizing that the mandate of each peacekeeping mission is specific
               to the need and situation of the country concerned, and also recalling its
               Presidential Statement of 25 November 2015 (S/PRST/2015/22),
                    Recognizing the legitimate aspiration of all Malian citizens to enjoy lasting
               peace and development,
                    Recognizing that the Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali (“the
               Agreement”) signed in 2015 by the Government of Mali, the Plateforme coalition of
               armed groups, and the Coordination des Mouvements de l’Azawad coalition of
               armed groups, and its continued implementation, represents a historic opportunity to
               achieve lasting peace in Mali,
                     Considering the Agreement as balanced and comprehensive, aiming to address
               the political, institutional, governance, security, development and reconciliation
               dimensions of the crisis in Mali, respecting the sovereignty, unity and territorial
               integrity of the Malian State,
                    Underscoring that the responsibility for the full and effective implementation
               of the Agreement, which has to be Malian-led and Malian-owned, rests with the
               Government of Mali, the Plateforme and Coordination armed groups, and is crucial
               to contribute to lasting peace in Mali, drawing lessons from previous peace
               agreements,

17-10886 (E)
*1710886*

S/RES/2364 (2017)

                    Recognizing the recent progress achieved for the implementation of the
               Agreement, including the holding of a Conference d’Entente nationale in March
               2017 and the establishment of all interim administrations in the North, while
               expressing its deep concern over the persistent delays for its full implementation
               two years after it was concluded, and highlighting the pressing need to deliver
               tangible and visible peace dividends to the population in the North and other parts
               of Mali in order to keep the momentum of the Agreement,
                     Urging the Government of Mali, the Plateforme and Coordination armed
               groups to take urgent and concrete action to fully and sincerely deliver on their
               obligations under the Agreement without further delay, including obligations not
               implemented during the Interim period, in particular regarding the concrete
               activities of the interim authorities installed in the northern regions, the reform of
               the security sector, the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration process, the
               revision of the constitution through an inclusive and consultative dialogue, the fight
               against impunity as well as a genuine reconciliation process,
                     Stressing the need for the Government of Mali, the Plateforme and
               Coordination armed groups, following the Conference d’Entente nationale, to make
               further progress towards the agreement and adoption of a Charter for Peace, Unity
               and National Reconciliation, through an inclusive and consultative d ialogue,
                     Taking note of the upcoming holding of district, regional, legislative and
               presidential elections, municipal by-elections and a constitutional referendum in
               2017 and 2018, stressing the need for these elections to be free, fair and inclusive,
               and further stressing the need to ensure adequate coordination of the electoral
               process with the implementation of the Agreement,
                     Welcoming the adoption by the Government of Mali, in January 2016, of
               Mali’s second National Action Plan for the implementation of the Security Council
               resolution 1325 (2000), further welcoming in this regard the adoption by the
               Government of Mali, in December 2015, of a law requiring a 30 per cent quota for
               women in national institutions, and encouraging its implementation,
                    Affirming its intention to facilitate, support and follow closely the
               implementation of the Agreement, commending the role played by Algeria and other
               members of the international mediation team to assist the Malian parties to
               implement the Agreement, and emphasizing the need for increased engagement by
               the members of the international mediation team,
                     Expressing concern about the volatile security situation, especially the
               expansion of terrorist and other criminal activities into central and southern Mali as
               well as the intensification of intercommunal violence in the Centre of Mali,
                     Noting that the slow progress in the implementation of the Agreement,
               particularly its defence and security provisions, as wel l as the delayed restructuring
               of the security sector, have hampered efforts to restore security in the North of Mali,
               and stressing the primary responsibility of the Government of Mali, the Plateforme
               and Coordination armed groups to accelerate the implementation of the Agreement
               in order to improve the security situation across Mali and to forestall attempts by
               terrorist groups to derail the implementation of the Agreement,
                     Noting the lack of progress in the creation and operationalization mechanisms
               to promote reconciliation and justice, including the Commission of Inquiry as well
               as the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission, and expressing concerns that
               this delay risks creating a culture of impunity by allowing human rights abuses and
               violations to go unaddressed,

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                 Strongly condemning the activities in Mali and in the Sahel region of terrorist
           organisations, including MUJAO, Al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM),
           Al Mourabitoune, Ansar Eddine, and associated individuals and groups such as
           Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (Group for the Support of Islam and
           Muslims) and Islamic State in Greater Sahara and Ansaroul Islam, which continue
           to operate in Mali and constitute a threat to peace and security in the region and
           beyond, and human rights abuses and violence against civilians, notably women and
           children, committed in Mali and in the region by terrorist groups,
                Condemning the attacks against the United Nations Multidimensional
           Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA), the Malian Defence and
           Security Forces, the European Union Training Mission Mali (EUTM Mali) and the
           French forces, that continue to be perpetrated by terrorist groups,
                 Stressing that terrorism can only be defeated by a sustained and
           comprehensive approach involving the active participation and collaboration of all
           States, and regional and international organisations to impede, impair, and isolate
           the terrorist threat, and reaffirming that terrorism cannot and should not be
           associated with any religion, nationality or civilization,
                 Stressing also that States must ensure that any measures taken to combat
           terrorism comply with all their obligations under international law, in particular
           international human rights law, refugee law, and humanitarian law,
                 Recalling the listing of MUJAO, the Organisation of Al-Qaida in the Islamic
           Maghreb, Ansar Eddine and its leader Iyad Ag Ghali, and Al Mourabitoune on the
           sanctions list established by the 1267/1989/2253 ISIL (Da’esh) and Al-Qaida
           Sanctions Committee and reiterating its readiness, under the above-mentioned
           regime, to sanction further individuals, groups, undertakings and entities who are
           associated with Al-Qaida and other listed entities and individuals, including AQIM,
           Al Mourabitoune and Ansar Eddine, in accordance with the established listing
           criteria,
                Welcoming the continued action by the French forces, at the request and in
           support of the Malian authorities, to deter the terrorist threat in the North of Mali,
                 Emphasizing that security and stability in Mali are inextricably linked to that
           of the Sahel and West Africa regions, as well as the situation in Libya and in the
           North Africa region,
                Acknowledging the impact of the situation in Mali on peace and security in the
           Sahel, as well as on the wider West Africa and North African region,
                 Expressing its continued concern over the transnational dimension of the
           terrorist threat in the Sahel region, as well as the serious challenges posed by
           transnational organized crime in the Sahel region, including arms and drug
           trafficking, the smuggling of migrants, trafficking in persons, and its increasing
           links, in some cases, with terrorism, and underscoring the responsibility of the
           countries in the region in addressing these threats and challenges,
                 Recognizing the determination and ownership of the Governments of the
           Group of Five for the Sahel States (G5 Sahel) to address the impact of terrorism and
           transnational organized crime, including through the conduct of cross -border joint
           military counter-terrorist operations, welcoming the efforts of the French forces to
           support these operations, also welcoming the African Union Nouakchott process,
           and further welcoming the decision of the States of the Sahel and Sahara to establish
           a new counterterrorist centre with its headquarters in Cairo, Egypt,
               Welcoming the deployment of the Force Conjointe des Etats du G5 Sahel
           (FC-G5S), and underlining that FC-G5S efforts to counter the activities of terrorist

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               groups and other organized criminal groups will contribute to create a more se cure
               environment in the Sahel region, with a view to supporting MINUSMA fulfil its
               mandate to stabilize Mali, and commending the European Union’s pledge to provide
               support to the FC-GS5 of 50 million Euros,
                     Strongly condemning the incidents of kidnapping and hostage-taking with the
               aim of raising funds or gaining political concessions, reiterating its determination to
               prevent kidnapping and hostage-taking in the Sahel region, in accordance with
               applicable international law, recalling its resolutions 2133 (2014) and 2253 (2015),
               including its call upon all Member States to prevent terrorists from benefitting
               directly or indirectly from the payment of ranso ms or from political concessions and
               to secure the safe release of hostages and, in this regard, noting the publication of
               the Global Counterterrorism Forum’s (GCTF) “Algiers Memorandum on Good
               Practices on Preventing and Denying the Benefits of Kidnapping for Ransom by
               Terrorists”,
                     Strongly condemning all abuses and violations of human rights and violations
               of international humanitarian law, including those involving extrajudicial and
               summary executions, arbitrary arrests and detentions and ill -treatment of prisoners,
               sexual and gender-based violence, as well as killing, maiming, recruitment and use
               of children, attacks against schools and hospitals, calling on all parties to respect the
               civilian character of schools in accordance with international humani tarian law and
               to cease detention of all children on national security charges in violation of
               applicable international law, and further calling upon all parties to bring an end to
               such violations and abuses and to comply with their obligations under appli cable
               international law,
                     Reiterating, in this regard, that all perpetrators of such acts must be held
               accountable and that some of such acts referred to in the paragraph above may
               amount to crimes under the Rome Statute, taking note that, acting upon the referral
               of the transitional authorities of Mali dated 13 July 2012, the Prosecutor of the
               International Criminal Court (ICC) opened, on 16 January 2013, an investigation
               into alleged crimes committed on the territory of Mali since January 2012, and, in
               this regard, further taking note of the fact that on 27 September 2016 the ICC found
               Mr Al Mahdi guilty of the war crime of intentionally directing attacks against
               religious and historical monuments in Timbuktu, and recalling the importance of
               assistance and cooperation, by all parties concerned, with the Court,
                    Welcoming the signing of an action plan to end and prevent recruitment and
               use of children and sexual violence against children by the Coordination armed
               group and the United Nations in March 2017, and calling for its full and immediate
               implementation,
                    Underscoring that Malian civilian control and oversight as well as further
               consolidation of the Malian Defence and Security Forces are important to ensure
               Mali’s long-term security and stability and to protect the people of Mali,
                     Commending the role of the EUTM Mali in Mali in providing training and
               advice for the Malian Defence and Security Forces, including contributing to the
               strengthening of civilian authority and respect for human rights, and of the
               European Union Capacity Building Mission (EUCAP Sahel Mali) in p roviding
               strategic advice and training for the Police, Gendarmerie and Garde nationale in
               Mali,
                     Emphasizing the need for all parties to uphold and respect the humanitarian
               principles of humanity, neutrality, impartiality and independence in order to ensu re
               the continued provision of humanitarian assistance, the safety and protection of
               civilians receiving assistance and the security of humanitarian personnel operating

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           in Mali, and stressing the importance of humanitarian assistance being delivered on
           the basis of need,
                  Remaining seriously concerned over the significant ongoing food and
           humanitarian crisis in Mali, and over the insecurity which hinders humanitarian
           access, exacerbated by the presence of armed groups, terrorist and criminal
           networks, and their activities, the presence of landmines as well as the continued
           illicit proliferation of weapons from within and outside the region that threatens the
           peace, security, and stability of States in this region, and condemning attacks against
           humanitarian personnel,
                Reiterating its strong support for the Special Representative of the Secretary -
           General for Mali, and for MINUSMA to assist the Malian authorities and the Malian
           people in their efforts to bring lasting peace and stability to their country, beari ng in
           mind the primary responsibility of the Malian authorities to protect the population,
           and welcoming the stabilizing effect of the international presence in Mali, including
           MINUSMA,
                 Commending troop and police contributing countries of MINUSMA for the ir
           contribution, paying tribute to the peacekeepers who risk, as well as lost, their lives
           in this respect, strongly condemning attacks against peacekeepers, underlining that
           these attacks may constitute war crimes under international law, stressing that those
           responsible for these acts should be held accountable, calling on the Government of
           Mali to swiftly investigate and bring the perpetrators to justice and further stressing
           the importance of MINUSMA having the necessary capacities to promote the safety
           and security of the United Nations peacekeepers,
                Reiterating its serious concern at the continuing lack of key capabilities for
           MINUSMA, stressing the need to fill gaps in and strengthen MINUSMA’s
           capabilities to enable it to implement its mandate in a c omplex security environment
           that includes asymmetric threats, and emphasizing the utmost importance of
           improving logistics support to ensure the security and safety of MINUSMA’s
           personnel in that regard,
                  Welcoming the pledges announced at the MINUSMA extraordinary force
           generation conference chaired by the Secretary-General on 22 and 23 May 2017 to
           fill in troops and capacity gaps, calling on Member States who expressed pledges to
           deploy these units rapidly, and calling for the rapid deployment of the quick
           reaction force established by resolution 2162 (2014), as well as the aviation unit
           supporting it, following its withdrawal from UNOCI and its scheduled transfer to
           MINUSMA, pursuant to its resolution 2295 (2016),
                 Determining that the situation in Mali continues to constitute a threat to
           international peace and security,
                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

           Implementation of the Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali
                 1.   Urges the Government of Mali, the Plateforme and Coordination armed
           groups to continue to engage constructively with sustained political will and in good
           faith to accelerate the implementation of the Agreement on Peace and
           Reconciliation in Mali to bring concrete peace dividends to the populations of Mali,
           and to urgently agree on new timelines for its implementation;
                2.    Urges the Government of Mali, the Plateforme and Coordination armed
           groups to prioritize without further delay the necessary steps to advance the
           implementation of the following provisions of the Agreement, bearing in mind the
           need to ensure the full implementation of the Agreement, notably:

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                    • political and institutional aspects, as referred to in Part II of the Agreement,
                      notably the decentralization process and the effective functioning of the
                      interim administrations, ensuring women’s participation, as well as the timely
                      holding of district, regional, legislative and presidential elections, municipal
                      by-elections, as well as a constitutional referendum in 2017 and 2018 by the
                      Malian authorities,
                    • defence and security aspects, as referred to in Part III and Annex 2 of the
                      Agreement, giving priority to the deployment of joint security patrols and
                      special units in the North of Mali and the cantonment, disarmament,
                      demobilization and reintegration of armed combatants, within the framework
                      of the reform of the security sector;
                    3.    Urges the Government of Mali, the Plateforme and Coordination armed
               groups to continue to uphold the ceasefire agreement of 23 May 2014, the
               Arrangement sécuritaire pour une cessation des hostilités of 5 June 2015, and the
               declarations of cessation of hostilities of 24 July 2014 and 19 February 2015;
                     4.   Expresses its readiness to consider targeted sanctions against those who
               take actions to obstruct or threaten the implementation of the Agreement, those who
               resume hostilities and violate the ceasefire, those who attack and take actions to
               threaten MINUSMA and other international presences, as well as those who provide
               support to such attacks and actions;
                     5.    Demands that all armed groups in Mali put aside their arms, cease
               hostilities, reject the recourse to violence, cut off all ties with terrorist
               organizations, take concrete steps to enhance their cooperation and coordin ation
               with the Government of Mali to eliminate the terrorist threat, and recognize, without
               conditions, the unity and territorial integrity of the Malian State, within the
               framework of the Agreement;
                     6.    Urges all parties in Mali to cooperate fully with the deployment and
               activities of MINUSMA, in particular by ensuring the safety, security and freedom
               of movement of MINUSMA’s personnel with unhindered and immediate access
               throughout the territory of Mali to enable MINUSMA to carry out fully its mandate;
                    7.   Urges the Government of Mali, the Plateforme and Coordination armed
               groups to cooperate fully and coordinate with the Special Representative of the
               Secretary-General for Mali and MINUSMA, in particular on the implementation of
               the Agreement;
                     8.    Requests the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Mali
               (SRSG) to use his good offices to encourage and support the full implementation of
               the Agreement, in particular by playing a central role to support and oversee the
               implementation of the Agreement by the Government of Mali, the Plateforme and
               Coordination armed groups, notably by heading the Secretariat of the Comité de
               suivi de l’Accord (CSA), and in particular, to assist the Malian parties in identifying
               and prioritizing implementation steps, consistent with the provisions of the
               Agreement, and further requests the SRSG to use his good offices to support the
               holding of the upcoming elections and the constitutional referendum;
                     9.    Calls on the members of the CSA and other relevant international
               partners to sustain their support to the implementation of the Agreement, including
               through expediting the appointment of an independent observer as provided for in
               article 63 of the Agreement, and to coordinate their efforts with the SRSG for Mali
               and MINUSMA in this regard, and recognizes the role of the CSA to reconcile
               disagreements between the Malian parties;

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                 10. Affirms that the gradual restoration and extension of State authority
           across the territory of Mali, in particular the reformed and reconstitu ted Malian
           Defence and Security Forces (MDSF), consistent with the provisions of the
           Agreement, would contribute significantly to the stability of Mali and to deter the
           terrorist threat, and encourages bilateral and multilateral partners to increase their
           support to accelerate the redeployment of the MDSF, once reformed and
           reconstituted, to the north of Mali, particularly by providing relevant equipment and
           training, in coordination with the Government of Mali and MINUSMA and within
           the framework of the Agreement;
                11. Calls for the inclusion within national and regional strategies of
           programmes to support community efforts to address the stigma of sexual violence
           and the reintegration of survivors into their communities;
                 12. Calls upon the Government of Mali to finalize its strategy for the
           development of the North of Mali and the national emergency plan, welcomes the
           significant contributions of partners following the International Conference for the
           economic recovery and development of Mali held in Paris on 22 October 2015,
           encourages the effective fulfilment of the commitments made during this
           conference, and urges the Government of Mali to disburse the funds already
           received;
                 13. Welcomes the adoption by the Government of Mali of a comprehensive
           plan to re-establish state presence in the Centre of Mali (Plan de sécurisation
           intégrée des regions du centre — PSIRC), and calls for the implementation of this
           plan while balancing efforts to restore security with actions to strengthen
           governance, provide public and social services to the population, initiate a dialogue
           to gain trust among all communities and respect the rule of law and human rights;
                 14. Encourages all relevant United Nations agencies, as well as regional,
           bilateral and multilateral partners to provide the necessary support to contribute to
           the implementation of the Agreement by the Malian parties, in particular its
           provisions pertaining to socioeconomic and cultural development;

           MINUSMA’s mandate
                15.    Decides to extend the mandate of MINUSMA until 30 June 2018;
                16. Decides that MINUSMA shall continue to comprise up to 13,289 military
           personnel and 1,920 police personnel, and requests the Secretary-General to take the
           necessary steps to expedite force and asset generation, as well as deployment,
           including as set out in paragraph 34 below;
                17. Decides that the strategic priority of MINUSMA remains to support the
           implementation by the Government, the Plateforme and Coordination armed groups,
           as well as by other relevant Malian stakeholders, of the Agreement on Peace and
           Reconciliation in Mali, in particular its political and security aspects, notably the
           gradual restoration and extension of State authority;
               18. Authorizes MINUSMA to take all necessary means to carry out its
           mandate, within its capabilities and its areas of deployment;
                 19. Requests MINUSMA to achieve its more proactive and robust posture to
           carry out its mandate;
                 20.   Decides that MINUSMA’s mandate shall include the following priority
           tasks:

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         (a)   Support to the implementation of the Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation
               in Mali
                     (i) To support the implementation of the political and institutional reforms
               provided by the Agreement, especially in its Part II, notably to support the
               Government’s efforts for the effective and restoration and extension of State
               authority and rule of law throughout the territory, including through supporting the
               effective functioning of interim administrations in the North of M ali under the
               conditions set out in the Agreement;
                    (ii) To support the implementation of the defence and security measures of
               the Agreement, especially its Part III and Annex 2, notably:
                    – to support, monitor and supervise the ceasefire and to report to the Security
                      Council on violations of it,
                    – to support the deployment of joint security patrols in the North of Mali, where
                      necessary and where possible,
                    – to support the redeployment of the reformed and reconstituted Malian Defence
                      and Security Forces (MDSF) in the Centre and North of Mali,
                    – to support the cantonment, disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of
                      armed groups, including through the integration of elements of the signatory
                      armed groups in the MDSF as an interim measure, within the framework of the
                      reform of the security sector, taking into account the particular needs of
                      women and children and without prejudice to the anticipated plans of the
                      demobilization, disarmament and reintegration and integration commissions,
                    – to ensure coherence of international efforts, in close collaboration with other
                      bilateral partners, donors and international organizations, including the
                      European Union, engaged in these fields, to rebuild the Malian security sector,
                      within the framework set out by the Agreement;
                     (iii) To support the implementation of the reconciliation and justice measures
               of the Agreement, especially in its Part V, including with respect to the
               establishment and operations of an international commission of inquiry, in
               consultation with the parties, and support the operationalization of the Truth, Justice
               and Reconciliation Commission;
                     (iv) To support, within its resources and areas of deployment, the conduct of
               inclusive, free, fair and transparent elections, as well as the holding of a
               constitutional referendum, including through the provision of appropriate technical
               assistance and security arrangements, consistent with the provisions of the
               Agreement;

         (b)   Good offices and reconciliation
                     To exercise good offices, confidence-building and facilitation at the national
               and local levels, in order to support dialogue with and among all stakeholders
               towards reconciliation and social cohesion, to support efforts to reduce
               intercommunal tensions, bearing in mind the primary responsibility of the Malian
               authorities, to support the holding of peaceful, inclusive, fair and transparent
               elections, and to encourage and support the full implementation of the Agreement
               by the Government of Mali, the Plateforme and Coordination armed groups,
               including by promoting the participation of civil society, including women’s
               organizations, as well as youth organizations;

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           (c)   Protection of civilians and stabilization, including against asymmetric threats
                      (i) To protect, without prejudice to the primary responsibility of the Malian
                 authorities, civilians under threat of physical violence;
                       (ii) In support of the Malian authorities, to stabilize the key population
                 centres and other areas where civilians are at risk, notably in the North and Centre
                 of Mali, and, in this regard, to enhance early warning, to anticipate, deter and
                 counter threats, including asymmetric threats, and to take robust and active steps to
                 protect civilians, including through active and effective patrolling in areas wher e
                 civilians are at risk, and to prevent the return of armed elements to those areas,
                 engaging in direct operations pursuant only to serious and credible threats;
                       (iii) To provide specific protection for women and children affected by armed
                 conflict, including through Child Protection Advisors and Women Protection
                 Advisors as well as consultations with women’s organizations, and address the
                 needs of victims of sexual and gender-based violence in armed conflict;

           (d)   Countering asymmetric attacks in active defence of MINUSMA’s mandate
                      In pursuit of its priorities and active defence of its mandate, to anticipate and
                 deter threats and to take robust and active steps to counter asymmetric attacks
                 against civilians or United Nations personnel, to ensure promp t and effective
                 responses to threats of violence against civilians and to prevent a return of armed
                 elements to those areas, engaging in direct operations pursuant only to serious and
                 credible threats;

           (e)   Protection, safety and security of United Nations personnel
                       To protect the United Nations personnel, notably uniformed personnel,
                 installations and equipment and ensure the safety, security and freedom of
                 movement of United Nations and associated personnel, and, in this context, to
                 periodically review all implemented safety and security measures;

           (f)   Promotion and protection of human rights
                       (i) To assist the Malian authorities in their efforts to promote and protect
                 human rights, in particular in the areas of justice and reconciliation, including t o
                 support, as feasible and appropriate, the efforts of the Malian authorities, without
                 prejudice to their responsibilities, to bring to justice those responsible for serious
                 abuses or violations of human rights or violations of international humanitarian l aw,
                 in particular war crimes and crimes against humanity in Mali, taking into account
                 the referral by the transitional authorities of Mali of the situation in their country
                 since January 2012 to the International Criminal Court;
                       (ii) To monitor, help investigate and report publicly and regularly to the
                 Security Council, on violations of international humanitarian law and on violations
                 and abuses of human rights, including all forms of sexual and gender -based violence
                 and violations and abuses committed against women and children throughout Mali
                 and to contribute to efforts to prevent such violations and abuses;

           (g)   Humanitarian assistance
                       In support of the Malian authorities, to contribute to the creation of a secure
                 environment for the safe, civilian-led delivery of humanitarian assistance, in
                 accordance with humanitarian principles, and the voluntary, safe and dignified
                 return of internally displaced persons and refugees, or local integration or

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               resettlement of internally displaced persons and refugees in close coordination with
               humanitarian actors;
                     21. Underlines that support to the Malian defence and security forces under
               paragraph 20 (a) (ii), in the context of support for the implementation of the defense
               and security measures of the Agreement, continues to include coordinated
               operations, operational and logistical support, mentoring and strengthened
               information sharing, medical evacuation, transportation and planning, within
               existing resources, without prejudice to the basic principles of peacekeeping;
                    22. Further authorizes MINUSMA to use its existing capacities to assist in
               implementing the following tasks:

         (a)   Projects for stabilization
                    In support of the Malian authorities, to contribute to the creation of a secure
               environment for projects, including quick impact projects, aimed at stabilizing the
               North of Mali;

         (b)   Weapons and ammunition management
                     To assist the Malian authorities with the removal and destruction of mines and
               other explosive devices and weapons and ammunition management;

         (c)   Support for cultural preservation
                     To assist the Malian authorities, as necessary and feasible, in protecting from
               attack the cultural and historical sites in Mali, in collaboration with UNESCO;

         (d)   Cooperation with the 1267/1989/2253 ISIL (Da’esh) and Al-Qaida
               Sanctions Committee
                    To assist, within its capabilities, its areas of deployment and without prejudice
               to its mandate, the 1267/1989/2253 ISIL (Da’esh) and Al -Qaida Sanctions
               Committee and the Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team established
               by resolution 1526 (2004), including by passing information relevant to the
               implementation of the measures in paragraph 2 of resolution 2253 (2015);
                     23. Requests the Secretary-General to align budgetary resources according to
               the prioritization of tasks as set out in paragraphs 20 and 22 of this resolution, and
               to ensure an efficient division of tasks and complementarity of efforts between
               MINUSMA and the United Nations Country Team (UNCT), based on their mandates
               and comparative advantages, to support the implementation of the Agreement, as
               well as to continuously adjust this deployment according to the progress made in the
               implementation of MINUSMA’s mandate, consistent with the division of tasks with
               the UNCT requested in paragraph 48 of this resolution, while stressing the
               importance of adequate resources for the United Nations Country Team and
               encourages Member States and relevant organizations to consider providing the
               necessary voluntary funding;
                    24. Requests MINUSMA to further enhance its interaction with the civilian
               population, as well as its cooperation with the Malian Defence and Security Forces,
               including through the development of an effective communi cation strategy and
               MINUSMA radio, in order to raise awareness and understanding about its mandate
               and activities;
                     25. Requests the Secretary-General to enhance cooperation and information
               sharing, where appropriate, between MINUSMA, UNOWAS and Member Sta tes in

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           the region as well as regional security initiatives, notably coordination with the
           G5 Sahel and the African Union Nouakchott Process;
                26. Requests MINUSMA to ensure that any support provided to non-United
           Nations security forces, including the MDSF, is provided in strict compliance with
           the Human Rights Due Diligence Policy on United Nations support to non -United
           Nations security forces (HRDDP);
                 27. Requests MINUSMA to take fully into account gender considerations as
           a cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the Malian authorities in
           ensuring the full and effective participation, involvement and representation of
           women at all levels and at an early stage of the stabilization phase, including the
           security sector reform and disarmament, demobilization and reintegration processes,
           as well as in reconciliation and electoral processes, further requests MINUSMA to
           assist the parties to ensure women’s full and active participation in the
           implementation of the Agreement, and further requests enhanced reporting by
           MINUSMA to the Security Council on this issue;
                 28. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure full compliance of MINUSMA
           with the United Nations zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuses and
           to keep the Council fully informed if such cases of misconduct occur, and urges
           troop- and police-contributing countries to take appropriate preventative action,
           including pre-deployment awareness training, and to ensure full accountability in
           cases of such conduct involving their personnel;
                29. Requests MINUSMA to take fully into account child protection as a
           cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the Malian authorities in
           ensuring that the protection of children’s rights is taken into account, inter alia, in
           disarmament, demobilization and reintegration processes and in security sector
           reform in order to end and prevent violations and abuses against children;
                30. Requests MINUSMA to improve coordination between its civil, military
           and police components, including through an integrated approach to operational
           planning and intelligence;

           Capacities of MINUSMA, safety and security of MINUSMA’s personnel
                31. Requests the Secretary-General to take all necessary steps, including
           through the full use of existing authorities and extraordinary administrative
           measures, to enable MINUSMA to reach its full operational capacity without further
           delay;
                 32. Urges MINUSMA’s troop and police contributing countries to expedite
           the procurement and deployment of all necessary contingent-owned equipment,
           urges Member States to provide troops and police that have adequate capabilities,
           pre-deployment and, where appropriate, in situ training and equipment, including
           enablers, specific to the operating environment, in order for MINUSMA t o fulfil its
           mandate, and welcomes the assistance of Member States to MINUSMA’s troop and
           police contributing countries in this regard;
                33. Commends the commitment of the troop- and police-contributing
           countries in implementing the MINUSMA’s mandate in a challenging environment,
           and in this connection, takes note of the Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs)
           signed between the United Nations and the troop- and police-contributing countries,
           and calls on troop- and police-contributing countries to fully and effectively
           implement the provisions of these MoUs;
                 34. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to take all appropriate
           additional measures and, in consultation with troop- and police-contributing

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               countries, to identify options, including seeking the support of Member States, to
               review and enhance the safety and security of MINUSMA’s personnel and to enable
               MINUSMA to execute effectively its mandate in a complex security environment
               that includes asymmetric threats, including through:
                    – improving MINUSMA’s intelligence and analysis capacities, including
                      surveillance and monitoring capacities, within the limits of its mandate,
                    – providing training and equipment to counter explosive devices, including
                      enhanced support to troop and police contributing countries to deploy the
                      environment specific armoured personnel carriers and other mine -protected
                      vehicles needed under the current Force requirements,
                    – improving logistics in mission, including by securing MINUSMA’s logistical
                      supply routes and deploying combat convoy battalions, as needed,
                    – implementing more effective casualty and medical evacuation procedures, as
                      well as deploying enhanced medical evacuation capacities,
                    – taking active and effective measures to improve the planning and functioning
                      of MINUSMA’s safety and security facilities and arrangements,
                    – securing long-term rotation schemes for critical capabilities as well as
                      exploring innovative options to promote partnerships between equipment,
                      troop- and police-contributing countries;
                     35. Calls upon Member States, especially those in the region, to ensure the
               free, unhindered and expeditious movement to and from Mali of all personnel, as
               well as equipment, provisions, supplies and other goods, which are for the exclusive
               and official use of MINUSMA, in order to facilitate the timely and cost-effective
               delivery of the logistical supply of MINUSMA, and in this regard, requests the
               Secretary-General to take all necessary measures to facilitate the logistical supply of
               MINUSMA and to consolidate supply routes, including through using alternative
               routes and relocating MINUSMA’s logistics hubs;
                    36. Encourages the Secretary-General to keep the Mission concept under
               continuous review, specifically noting the deterioration of security in the Centre of
               Mali, in order to maximize the positive impact of MINUSMA’s resources and make
               operational adjustments where necessary, and requests the Secretary-General to
               keep it informed on its implementation;

               French forces mandate
                     37. Authorizes French forces, within the limits of their capacities and areas
               of deployment, to use all necessary means until the end of MINUSMA’s mandate as
               authorized in this resolution, to intervene in support of elements of MINUSMA
               when under imminent and serious threat upon request of the Secretary-General, and
               requests France to report to the Council on the implementation of this mandate in
               Mali and to coordinate its reporting with the reporting by the Secretary -General
               referred to in paragraph 47 below;

               Obligations under international humanitarian and human rights law
                    38. Urges the Malian authorities to further combat impunity and, in this
               regard, to ensure that all perpetrators of crimes involving violations and abuses of
               human rights and violations of international humanitarian law, including those
               involving sexual violence, are held accountable and brought to justice, and also
               urges the Malian authorities to continue to cooperate with the ICC, in accordance
               with Mali’s obligations under the Rome Statute;

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                39. Urges all parties to comply with obligations under international
           humanitarian law to respect and protect humanitarian personnel, facilities and relief
           consignments, and take all required steps to allow and facilitate the full, safe,
           immediate and unimpeded access of humanitarian actors for the delivery of
           humanitarian assistance to all people in need, while respecting the United Nations
           humanitarian guiding principles and applicable international law;
                 40. Reiterates that the Malian authorities have primary responsibility to
           protect civilians in Mali, further recalls its resolutions 1265 (1999), 1296 (2000),
           1674 (2006), 1738 (2006) and 1894 (2009) on the protection of civilians in armed
           conflict, its resolutions 1612 (2005), 1882 (2009), 1998 (2011), 2068 (2012), 2143
           (2014) and 2225 (2015) on Children And Armed Conflict and its resolutions 1325
           (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009), 1960 (2010), 2106 (2013), 2122
           (2013) and 2242 (2016), 2331 (2016), on Women, Peace and Security, calls upon
           MINUSMA and all military forces in Mali to take them into account and to abide by
           international humanitarian, human rights and refugee law, recalls the importance of
           training in this regard, and urges all parties to implement the conclusions on
           Children And Armed Conflict in Mali adopted by the Security Council working
           group on 7 July 2014, calls upon the Government of Mali to finalize and sign a joint
           communique with the UN on addressing sexual violence in conflict, and further
           calls upon the Plateforme armed group to implement the commitments contained in
           its Communiqué sur la prévention des violences sexuelles liées au conflit au Mali of
           June 2016 and upon the Coordination armed group to make similar commitments;

           Environmental impact of MINUSMA’s operations
                 41. Requests MINUSMA to consider the environmental impacts of its
           operations when fulfilling its mandated tasks and, in this context, to manage them as
           appropriate and in accordance with applicable and relevant General Assembly
           resolutions and United Nations rules and regulations, and to operate mindfully in
           the vicinity of cultural and historical sites;

           G5 Sahel contribution
                 42. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure adequate coordination and
           exchange of information, through relevant mechanisms, between MINUSMA, the
           FC-G5S and the French forces, within their respective mandates, and reiterates in
           this regard its request to the Secretary-General to enhance cooperation between
           MINUSMA and the G5 Sahel Member States through provision of relevant
           intelligence and liaison officers from the G5 Sahel Member States to MINUSMA in
           order to increase MINUSMA’s awareness of the regional security envi ronment with
           a view to facilitate the implementation of its mandate;

           Regional and international cooperation on the Sahel

                 43. Calls upon Member States, notably Sahel, West Africa and Maghreb
           States, as well as regional, bilateral and multilateral partn ers, to enhance their
           coordination, including with the G5 Sahel and the African Union Nouakchott
           process, to develop inclusive and effective strategies to combat in a comprehensive
           and integrated manner the activities of terrorist groups crossing borders a nd seeking
           safe havens in the Sahel region, notably AQIM, MUJAO, Ansar Eddine and
           Al Mourabitoune, and to prevent the expansion of those groups as well as to limit
           the proliferation of all arms and transnational organized crime and other illicit
           activities such as drug trafficking, smuggling of migrants and human trafficking;
                44. Calls for the rapid and effective implementation, in consultation with
           Member States of the Sahel region and bilateral partners and multilateral
           organizations, of regional strategies encompassing security, governance,

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               development, human rights and humanitarian issues such as the United Nations
               integrated strategy for the Sahel, and encourages in this regard the Special
               Representative of the Secretary-General for West Africa and the Sahel to continue to
               support Member States of the region, including of the G5 Sahel, and regional and
               international organizations, to tackle the challenges to peace, security and
               development in the Sahel region as well as their root causes;

               European Union contribution
                    45. Calls on the European Union, notably its Special Representative for the
               Sahel and its EUTM Mali and EUCAP Sahel Mali missions, to coordinate closely
               with MINUSMA and bilateral partners of Mali engaged to assist the Malian
               authorities in the Security Sector Reform (SSR), as provided for by the Agreement
               and consistent with paragraph 20 (a) (ii) above;

               Small arms and light weapons
                      46. Calls upon the Malian authorities, with the assistance of MINUSMA,
               consistent with paragraph 14 above, and international partners, to address the issue
               of the proliferation and illicit trafficking of small arms and light weapons in
               accordance with the ECOWAS Convention on Small Arms and Light Weapons,
               Their Ammunition and Other Related Materials and the United Nations Programme
               of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons, in order to ensure the safe and
               effective management, storage and security of their stockpiles of small arms and
               light weapons and the collection and/or destruction of surplus, seized, unmarked or
               illicitly held weapons, and further stresses the importance of the full
               implementation of its resolutions 2017 (2011), 2117 (2013) and 2220 (2015);

               Reports by the Secretary-General
                     47. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Security Council every
               three months after the adoption of this resolution on the implementation of this
               resolution, focusing:
                    (i) on the progress in the implementation of the Agreement on Peace and
               Reconciliation in Mali and on MINUSMA’s efforts to support it, including through
               the benchmarks and timelines agreed between the Government of Mali and
               MINUSMA in December 2016, pursuant to resolution 2295 (2016);
                     (ii) on progress in the implementation of the measures taken to improve
               MINUSMA’s effectiveness to implement its mandate, as outlined in paragraphs 31
               to 36 above, including measures to enhance the safety and security of MINUSMA’s
               personnel;
                    (iii) on coordination and exchange of information between MINUSMA,
               French forces and the FC-G5S as outlined in paragraph 42 above;
                    48. Further requests the Secretary-General, seeking perspectives from all
               relevant parties, to develop within 180 days after the adop tion of this resolution a
               mission-wide strategic plan that:
                  (i) articulates a        concrete   phased    approach     to   implementation   of
               MINUSMA’s mandate;
                    (ii) presents a transition plan with a view to handing over relevant tasks to
               the UNCT based on their mandates and comparative advantages as well as a
               mapping of capabilities, and also with a view to a possible long -term exit strategy of
               the Mission on the basis of improved security and political conditions as well as the
               progress in the implementation of the Agreement;
                    49.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2364 (2017) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) until 30 June 2018]

S/72 [226] UN MULTIDIMENSIONAL INTEGRATED STABILIZATION MISSION IN MALI
S/72 [225] MALI--POLITICAL CONDITIONS

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