               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2594 (2021)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                9 September 2021

               Resolution 2594 (2021)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8852nd meeting, on
               9 September 2021

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and
               reaffirming the primary responsibility of the Security Council under the Charter of
               the United Nations for the maintenance of international peace and security,
                    Recalling its previous relevant resolutions and presidential statements
               addressing issues of peacekeeping, and reaffirming the basic principles of
               peacekeeping, such as consent of the parties, impartiality, and non -use of force,
               except in self-defence and defence of the mandate,
                     Stressing that the primacy of politics should be the hallmark of the approach of
               the United Nations to the resolution of conflict, including through mediation, good
               offices, the monitoring of ceasefires, assistance to the implementation of peac e
               accords,
                     Underscoring the importance of peacekeeping as one of the most effective tools
               available to the United Nations in the promotion and maintenance of international
               peace and security, reaffirming that lasting peace is neither achieved nor sustained by
               military and technical engagements alone, but through political solutions and strongly
               convinced that this should guide the design and deployment of United Nations peace
               operations, and understanding United Nations peace operations as peacekeeping
               operations and special political missions,
                     Recognising the crucial role peacekeeping plays in creating conditions for
               stability and lasting peace, and the need for United Nations peace operations to have
               integrated strategies that articulate a clear pathway to transition and to achieving
               sustainable peace, and underlining that transitions of United Nations Peace
               Operations are understood as a strategic process which builds towards a
               reconfiguration of the strategy, footprint, and capacity of the United Nati ons in a way
               that supports peacebuilding objectives and the development of a sustainable peace, in
               a manner that supports and reinforces national ownership, informed by the operational
               context and the national priorities and needs of the host State and its population, and
               that includes engagement with local community and civil society, and, where relevant,
               regional and sub-regional organisations, and other relevant stakeholders, with the full,
               equal and meaningful participation of women and the inclusion of youth and persons
               with disabilities,

21-12641 (E)
*2112641*

S/RES/2594 (2021)

                     Reiterating the primary responsibility of States to protect the population
               throughout their territories, recognising that reconfigurations of missions may entail
               increased risks for civilians, in particular for women, youth, children, persons with
               disabilities, and, where relevant, the need to enhance States’ capacity to protect their
               own civilians, emphasising the importance of security sector reform, poverty
               reduction measures, gender equality, human rights monitorin g and reporting, the
               promotion of rule of law and good governance, and the extension of legitimate State
               authority in ensuring the protection of civilians over the longer term and in the
               consolidation of peace and stability, taking note of interlinkages between transitional
               justice, inclusive disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration processes, functional
               child protection services, national small arms and light weapons management, and
               organised crime and anti-corruption measures, for enhancing stability, reaffirming
               that development, peace and security, and human rights are interlinked and mutually
               reinforcing, and recalling further the General Assembly resolution, A/RES/70/1,
               entitled “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” ,
                    Recognising that States bear the primary responsibility to respect and ensure the
               human rights of all persons within their territory and subject to their jurisdiction as
               provided for by international law, and acknowledging the important role of those who
               protect and promote human rights, civil society organisations, journalists and other
               media workers in the promotion and protection of human rights,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to addressing the impact of armed conflict on
               women, youth, and children, and recalling its resolution 1325 (2000) on women,
               peace and security, resolution 1265 (1999) on the protection of civilians in armed
               conflict, resolution 2250 on youth, peace and security, resolution 1261 (1999) on
               children and armed conflict, and resolution 2475 (2019) on the disproportionate
               impact of armed conflict and related humanitarian crises on persons with disabilities,
               as well as all subsequent resolutions concerning these agendas,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to include in the mandates of peace oper ations a
               desired outcome of the implementation of sequenced, mandated tasks and, where
               appropriate, a clear prioritisation of tasks to achieve this outcome, reflecting the need
               to create favourable conditions for sustainable peace, understanding prioritisation as
               the mission focussing on those specific mandated tasks which are based on up -to-date
               conflict analysis and planning and are assessed as responding to the evolving needs
               on the ground, and further understanding sequencing as a logical, flexible
               implementation of the mandate over time, in line with the strategic vision as set out
               in the mandate, aligned with the peace and security needs within the host State,
               building towards a consolidation of peace,
                     Recognising that the effective implementation of peacekeeping mandates is the
               responsibility of all stakeholders and is contingent upon several critical factors,
               including well-defined, realistic and achievable mandates, political will, leadership,
               performance and accountability at all levels, adequate r esources, policy, planning and
               operational guidelines and training and equipment, and welcoming further
               engagement and dialogue between United Nations, troop and police contributing
               countries, and other relevant stakeholders to improve performance and inf orm
               decisions regarding mandate design,
                     Reaffirming its belief that United Nations peacekeeping, including mission
               transition processes, is a unique global partnership that draws together the
               contributions and commitments of the entire United Nations system, and reaffirms its
               commitment to strengthening this partnership, including to ensure a coherent,
               integrated, and planned approach to transitions at the earliest possible stage,
                    Noting efforts undertaken by the Secretary-General to mobilise all partners and
               stakeholders in support of more effective United Nations peacekeeping through his

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                                                                                S/RES/2594 (2021)

           initiatives “Action for Peacekeeping” and “Action for Peacekeeping +”, which
           highlight the importance of advancing political solutions, strengthening protection of
           civilians, improving the safety and security of peacekeepers, implementing the
           Women, Peace and Security agenda, supporting effective performance and
           accountability, improving peacekeeping partnerships, strengthening the conduct of
           peacekeeping operations and personnel, and strengthening the impact of
           peacekeeping on peacebuilding and sustaining peace,
                 Reaffirming that “sustaining peace” should be broadly understood as a goal and
           a process to build a common vision of a society, ensuring that the needs and human
           rights of all segments of the population are taken into account, which encompasses
           activities, including promotion of justice and accountability, aimed at preventing the
           outbreak, escalation, continuation and recurrence of conflict, addressing root causes ,
           assisting parties to conflict to end hostilities, ensuring national reconciliation, and
           moving towards recovery, reconstruction and development, and emphasising that
           sustaining peace is a shared task and responsibility that needs to be fulfilled by the
           government and all other national stakeholders and should flow through all three
           pillars of the United Nations’ engagement at all stages of conflict, and in all its
           dimensions, and needs sustained international attention and assistance,
                 1.    Stresses the crucial role peace operations play in the pursuit of sustainable
           political solutions and building peace, and, in this regard, emphasises the need for
           peace operations to engage at the earliest possible stage in integrated planning and
           coordination on transitions with the Resident Coordinators, United Nations Country
           Team, other United Nations agencies, funds and programmes, the host State and other
           national stakeholders including civil society and further emphasises that in order to
           be sustainable, the transition planning process should take into account broad
           challenges, including risks to stability, governance, and the rule of law, as well as the
           political, economic, development, humanitarian, and human rights context;
                 2.    Requests the Secretary-General to plan for United Nations peace
           operations transitions which are integrated within the wider country -specific
           transition to peace and to elaborate mission transition strategies which build towards
           the reconfiguration of the strategy, footprint and capacity of the United Nations
           presence, informed by input from stakeholders at all levels, including in close
           consultation with national authorities, the Resident Coordinator and United Nations
           Country Team, local communities and organisations, including those that c ontribute
           to peacebuilding, with the full, equal, and meaningful participation of women and
           inclusion of youth, regional and sub-regional organisations, as well as relevant
           International Financial Institutions and United Nations funds, programmes and
           agencies, and further requests that these mission strategies clarify roles and
           responsibilities for all relevant United Nations stakeholders as well as, where
           relevant, clear and realistic benchmarks and indicators which measure factors and
           conditions that might impact the reconfiguration in order to ensure a successful and
           durable transition;
                 3.    Encourages national governments to develop and implement
           comprehensive national plans, policies, or strategies to protect civilians, which
           include national benchmarks, in advance of peace operations transitions and requests
           the Secretary-General to direct United Nations peace operations to engage with host
           State governments, other United Nations entities, civil society, including women and
           youth, those who protect and promote human rights, International Financial
           Institutions, and all relevant stakeholders to assist, when requested by host state
           governments, in the development, implementation and monitoring of national
           strategies and plans for transition including on th e protection of civilians, human
           rights and access to justice, in line with the United Nations peace operations
           transitions strategy;

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S/RES/2594 (2021)

                     4.    Stresses the importance of providing clear, achievable, sequenced, and
               prioritised mandates, where appropriate, based on accurate and reliable information
               on the situation on the ground and a realistic assessment of threats against civilians
               and United Nations personnel, premises and assets, made in consultation with all
               relevant stakeholders, requests the Secretary-General to provide integrated, evidencebased and data-driven analysis, strategic assessments and frank advice to the Security
               Council to facilitate as necessary a re-evaluation of the mission composition and
               mandate based on realities on the ground, reaffirms the importance of a greater
               awareness in the Security Council of the security, resource, and field support
               implications of its decisions and of transparent reporting on these issues in
               appropriate United Nations fora, stresses the necessity to ensure the execution of tasks
               that contribute to the protection of civilians in the field, and further requests that
               progress in achieving priority tasks laid down in Security Council resolutions be
               measured through clear, realistic and measurable benchmarks;
                     5.    Expresses the importance of a United Nations presence appropriately
               configured with necessary capabilities and capacities to provide support to protection
               of civilians efforts during transitions, further expresses its intention, where relevant,
               to consider the appropriate measures through which a mandated, reconfigured United
               Nations presence could provide such support, including through supporting the
               establishment of and training in the use of early warning and rapid response systems,
               deployment of mobile monitoring teams, facilitating local crisis mediation, utilising
               communications and outreach strategies with populations at risk of violence including
               sexual and gender-based violence, advancing conflict prevention, mitigation, and
               reconciliation, including through promoting and supporting inter-communal dialogue
               and community violence reduction, building trust between State authorities and local
               communities, supporting community policing initiatives, or other methods of
               unarmed civilian protection, and recalling the primary responsibility of States to
               protect the population throughout their territories;
                    6.    Requests the Secretary-General to ensure that comprehensive gender
               analysis and technical gender expertise are included throughout all stages of mission
               planning, mandate implementation and review and throughout the transition process,
               as well as mainstreaming of a gender perspective, and to ensure the full, equal, and
               meaningful participation of women, and the inclusion of youth, as well as measures
               to safeguard the interests of persons with disabilities, and further requests the
               Secretary-General to ensure that their needs are fully integrated in all prioritised and
               sequenced stages of a mission mandate and mission transitions;
                     7.    Requests the Secretary-General to further strengthen coordination between
               United Nations police, justice, and corrections activities, as well as between United
               Nations uniformed components and as appropriate, the relevant host State authorities,
               with a view to supporting States’ ability to provide critical functions in these fields,
               recognises that, in line with host State needs, strengthening the capacity of
               representative, responsive, accountable host State security sector and rule of law
               institutions, which are compliant with applicable international law, is critical for the
               development of a sustainable peace, and further requests the Secretary-General to
               produce a review across relevant peacekeeping missions of the implementation of
               mandates to support the restoration and extension of legitimate state authority and
               security sector reform with a view to identifying lessons learned for transition
               planning, and in his regular reports on relevant peacekeeping operations to the
               Security Council to include information on the challenges, best practices, and lessons
               learned in implementing mandates to support the restoration and extension of
               legitimate state authority and security sector reform with a view to facilitating
               transition planning;

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                                                                                S/RES/2594 (2021)

                 8.   Emphasises the importance of enhancing the safety and security of
           peacekeepers, in accordance with resolutions 2518 (2020) and other relevant Security
           Council resolutions, including resolution 2589 (2021) on strengthening accountability
           for crimes committed against peacekeepers, and the Action Plan on improving safety
           and security related to the report on “Improving Security of United Nations
           Peacekeepers”, notes the particular risks faced prior to and during a transition, and,
           in this respect, requests the Secretary-General to continue to take all appropriate
           measures to enhance the safety and security of peacekeeping personnel, including
           through the provision of advice based on integrated, evidence-based and data-driven
           analysis, and strategic assessments to the Security Council to facilitate as necessary
           a re-evaluation of safety and security risks and the mission composition and mandate
           based on realities on the ground;
                 9.    Calls upon the Secretary-General and field missions to draw on lessons
           learned from transitions in the further development and implementation of relevant
           United Nations transition policies and directives, including the Secretary -General’s
           Planning Directive for the Development of Consistent and Coherent United Nations
           Transition Processes and the Integrated Assessment and Planning Policy, and further
           calls upon the Secretary-General to continue to strengthen planning and management
           of transition processes and to further enhance organisational learning and guidance
           on transitions;
                10. Acknowledges the importance of strong coordination, coherence and
           cooperation with the Peacebuilding Commission, in accordance with its resolution
           S/RES/2282 (2016), and, in this regard, reaffirms its intention to regularly request,
           deliberate and draw upon the specific, strategic and targeted advice of the
           Peacebuilding Commission, including to assist with the longer-term perspective
           required for peacebuilding and sustaining peace being reflected in the formation,
           review and reconfiguration of peace operations;
                  11. Strongly encourages the Peacebuilding Commission to continue fully
           utilising its role to convene United Nations bodies, Member States, national
           authorities and all other relevant stakeholders including regional and sub -regional
           organisations and international financial institutions to ensure an integrated, strategic,
           coherent, coordinated and gender-responsive approach to peacebuilding and
           sustaining peace and, in particular, to facilitate the development of joint objectives
           and priorities prior to transitions and, in this connection, requests the Secretary-General to liaise with the Peacebuilding Commission in advance of relevant reporting
           to the Security Council with a view to facilitating the provision of complementary
           and timely advice from the Commission to the Council;
                12. Recognises the contribution of regional and sub-regional organisations to
           peacebuilding and transitions, and calls upon the Secretary-General to consult
           relevant regional and sub-regional organisations, as appropriate, in the planning and
           execution of transition processes and to ensure that transition plans clearly articulate
           the potential roles of these organisations;
                 13. Recognises that peacebuilding financing remains a critical challenge, takes
           note of the General Assembly decision to convene a high-level meeting in the seventysixth session to advance, explore and consider options for ensuring adequate,
           predictable and sustainable financing for peacebuilding, and reiterates the importance
           of adequately resourcing United Nations peace operations including during mission
           transitions to support the long-term stability and continuity of peacebuilding
           activities;
                 14. Requests the Secretary-General to incorporate comprehensive reporting on
           the status of ongoing transitions of United Nations peacekeeping operations in his
           regular country specific reporting on relevant missions, and to provide updates on the

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S/RES/2594 (2021)

               status of transitions across relevant United Nations peace operations, including those
               that have transitioned within the previous twenty four months, which includes updates
               from relevant Resident Coordinators and United Nations Country Teams as well as
               the view of the Peacebuilding Commission in his comprehensive annual briefing
               mandated by the Security Council under its resolution 2378 (2017), and further
               requests the Secretary-General to provide a report on the status of transitions across
               relevant United Nations peace operations, including those that have transitioned
               within the previous twenty four months, before 30 June 2022;
                    15.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2594 (2021) [on transition planning in peacekeeping operations]

S/76 [18] PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS
S/ X United Nations peacekeeping operations.

UN. Peacebuilding Commission|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|PEACEBUILDING|RESIDENT COORDINATORS|COUNTRY TEAMS


               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2595 (2021)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               15 September 2021

               Resolution 2595 (2021)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8858th meeting, on
               15 September 2021

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolution 1970 (2011) and all its subsequent resolutions on Libya,
               including resolutions 2259 (2015), 2510 (2020), 2542 (2020) and 2570 (2021),
                    Recalling its determination in its resolution 2213 (2015) that the situation in
               Libya continues to constitute a threat to international peace and security,
                     1.   Decides to extend until 30 September 2021 the mandate of the United
               Nations Support Mission in Libya, as an integrated special political mission to carry
               out its mandate, as set out in resolution 2542 (2020) and paragraph 16 of resolution
               2570 (2021);
                    2.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

21-12968 (E)
*2112968*

Security Council resolution 2595 (2021) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) until 30 Sept. 2021]

S/76 [220] UN SUPPORT MISSION IN LIBYA
S/76 [219] LIBYA SITUATION
S/ X The situation in Libya.

UN Support Mission in Libya|SPECIAL MISSIONS|LIBYA


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2597 (2021)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                17 September 2021

               Resolution 2597 (2021)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8863rd meeting, on
               17 September 2021

                    The Security Council,
                    Reaffirming its resolutions 1265 (1999), 1325 (2000), 1368 (2001), 1373 (2001),
               1624 (2005), 1894 (2009), 2106 (2013), 2150 (2014), 2170 (2014), 2178 (2014), 2199
               (2015), 2242 (2015), 2249 (2015), 2253 (2015), 2322 (2016), 2331 (2016), 2341
               (2017), 2347 (2017), 2354 (2017), 2367 (2017), 2368 (2017), 2370 (2017), 2490
               (2019), 2544 (2020) and its relevant presidential statements,
                    Reaffirming its respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, independence
               and unity of Iraq, in accordance with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the
               United Nations,
                     Recalling that the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, also known as
               Da’esh) constitutes a global threat to international peace and security through its
               terrorist acts, its violent extremist ideology, its continued gross, systematic and
               widespread attacks directed against civilians, its violations of international
               humanitarian law and abuses of human rights, particularly those committed against
               women and children, and including those motivated by religious or ethnic grounds,
               and its recruitment and training of foreign terrorist fighters whose threat affects all
               regions and Member States,
                     Condemning the commission of acts by ISIL (Da’esh) involving murder,
               kidnapping, hostage-taking, suicide bombings, enslavement, sale into or otherwise
               forced marriage, trafficking in persons, rape, sexual slavery and other forms of sexual
               violence, recruitment and use of children, attacks on critical infrastructure, as well as
               its destruction of cultural heritage, including archaeological sites, and trafficking of
               cultural property,
                     Recognizing that the commission of such acts which may amount to war crimes,
               crimes against humanity or genocide, is part of the ideology and strate gic objectives
               of ISIL (Da’esh), and used by ISIL (Da’esh) as a tactic of terrorism, and that holding
               ISIL (Da’esh) members accountable, particularly those who bear the greatest
               responsibility, including in terms of leadership, which can include regional o r
               mid-level commanders, and the ordering and commission of crimes, will further
               expose this, and could assist in countering terrorism and violent extremism which can
               be conducive to terrorism, including by stemming financing and the continued flow
               of international recruits to the terrorist group ISIL (Da’esh),

21-13155 (E)
*2113155*

S/RES/2597 (2021)

                    Welcoming the considerable efforts of the Government of Iraq to defeat ISIL
               (Da’esh), and recalling its letter to the Secretary-General and Security Council dated
               9 August 2017 calling for the assistance of the international community to ensure that
               members of ISIL (Da’esh) are held accountable for their crimes in Iraq, including
               where those may amount to crimes against humanity (S/2017/710),
                    1.   Reaffirms its resolution 2379 (2017), by which the Investigative Team,
               headed by a Special Adviser, was established; and recalls the terms of reference
               approved by the Council (S/2018/119);
                      2.    Takes note of the request from the Government of Iraq contained in its
               letter dated 16 September 2021 (S/2021/801) and decides to extend until
               17 September 2022 the mandate of the Special Adviser and the Team, with any further
               extension to be decided at the request of the Government of Iraq, or any other
               government that has requested the Team to collect evidence of acts that may amount
               to war crimes, crimes against humanity, or genocide, committed by ISIL (Da’esh) in
               its territory, in accordance with its resolution 2379 (2017);
                    3.   Requests the Special Adviser to continue to submit and present reports to
               the Council on the team’s activities every 180 days;
                    4.    Decides to remain seized of the matter.

2/2                                                                                21-13155

Security Council resolution 2597 (2021) [on extension of the mandate of the Special Adviser and the UN Investigative Team to Promote Accountability for Crimes Committed by Da'esh/Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant until 17 Sept. 2022]

S/76 [119] IRAQ SITUATION
S/ X Threats to international peace and security.

Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (Organization)|UN Investigative Team to Promote Accountability for Crimes Committed by Da'esh/Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant|UN. Special Adviser and Head of the United Nations Investigative Team to Promote Accountability for Crimes Committed by Da'esh/Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant|TERRORISM|WAR CRIMES|CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY|GENOCIDE|ACCOUNTABILITY|IRAQ|CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2596 (2021)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                17 September 2021

               Resolution 2596 (2021)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8862nd meeting, on
               17 September 2021

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions on Afghanistan, in particular its resolution
               2543 (2020) extending through 17 September 2021 the mandate of the United Nations
               Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA),
                   Stressing the important role that the United Nations will continue to play in
               promoting peace and stability in Afghanistan,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and national unity of Afghanistan, as well as its continued support for the
               people of Afghanistan,
                    Emphasizing the importance of the establishment of an inclusive and
               representative government, further emphasizing the importance of the full, equal and
               meaningful participation of women, and upholding human rights, including for
               women, children and minorities,
                     Recognizing the need for strengthened efforts to provide humanitarian
               assistance to Afghanistan and the important coordination role of the United Nations
               in this regard, and reaffirming that the effective delivery of humanitarian assistance
               requires all parties to allow full, safe and unhindered humanitarian access, for United
               Nations humanitarian agencies and other humanitarian actors,
                      Reaffirming the importance of combating terrorism in Afghanistan, including
               those designated by the Security Council Committee pursuant to resolutions 1267
               (1999) 1989 (2011) and 2253 (2015), and ensuring that the territory of Afghanistan
               should not be used to threaten or attack any country, to plan or finance terrorist acts,
               or to shelter and train terrorists, and that no Afghan group or individual should support
               terrorists operating on the territory of any country,
                    1.   Welcomes the report of the Secretary-General of 2 September 2021
               (S/2021/759);
                    2.    Expresses its appreciation for the United Nations’ long-term commitment
               to support the people of Afghanistan and reiterates its full support to the work of
               UNAMA and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General;
                    3.    Decides to extend until 17 March 2022 the mandate of UNAMA, as
               defined in its resolution 2543 (2020);

21-13147 (E)
*2113147*

S/RES/2596 (2021)

                     4.   Stresses the critical importance of a continued presence of UNAMA and
               other United Nations Agencies, Funds and Programmes across Afghanistan, and calls
               upon all Afghan and international parties to coordinate with UNAMA in the
               implementation of its mandate and to ensure the safety, security and freedom of
               movement of United Nations and associated personnel throughout the country;
                     5.   Requests the Secretary-General to submit a written report to the Security
               Council by 31 January 2022 on strategic and operational recommendations for the
               mandate of UNAMA, in light of recent political, security and social developments,
               further requests the Secretary-General to brief the Council on the situation in
               Afghanistan and the work of UNAMA every other month until 17 March 2022;
                    6.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

2/2                                                                                21-13147

Security Council resolution 2596 (2021) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) until 17 Mar. 2022]

S/76 [47] UN ASSISTANCE MISSION IN AFGHANISTAN
S/76 [46] AFGHANISTAN SITUATION
S/ X The situation in Afghanistan.

UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|AFGHANISTAN


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2598 (2021)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                29 September 2021

               Resolution 2598 (2021)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8868th meeting, on
               29 September 2021

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolutions 2240 (2015), 2312 (2016), 2380 (2017), 2437 (2018),
               2491 (2019) and 2546 (2020) and its Presidential Statement of 16 December 2015
               (S/PRST/2015/25),
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and national unity of Libya,
                    Welcoming the Secretary-General’s report of 2 September 2021 (S/2021/767)
               including its observations on the plight of migrants and refugees in Libya,
                    Mindful of its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace
               and security under the Charter of the United Nations,
                    Welcoming the measures that have been taken to implement resolution 2240
               (2015) encouraging their continuation, and taking note of Operation EUNAVFOR
               MED Irini in this regard,
                    Reaffirming the necessity to put an end to the ongoing proliferation of, and
               endangerment of lives by, the smuggling of migrants and trafficking of persons in the
               Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Libya, and, for these specific purposes, acting
               under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.   Condemns all acts of migrant smuggling and human trafficking into,
               through and from the Libyan territory and off the coast of Libya, which undermine
               further the process of stabilisation of Libya and endanger the lives of hundreds of
               thousands of people;
                     2.   Decides to renew the authorisations as set out in paragraphs 7, 8, 9 and 10
               of resolution 2240 (2015), for a further period of twelve months from the date of
               adoption of this resolution, reaffirms paragraph 11 thereof and reiterates its
               resolutions 2240 (2015), 2312 (2016), 2380 (2017), 2437 (2018), 2491 (2019) and
               2546 (2020) and its Presidential Statement S/PRST/2015/25;
                     3.    Renews the reporting requests set out in paragraph 17 of its resolution 2240
               (2015) from the date of adoption of this resolution, and requests the Secretary-General
               to report to the Security Council eleven months after the adoption of this resolution
               on its implementation, in particular with regard to the implementation of paragraphs 7
               to 10 of its resolution 2240 (2015);

21-13825 (E)
*2113825*

S/RES/2598 (2021)

                    4.    Expresses its intention to continue to review the situation and consider, as
               appropriate, renewing the authority provided in this resolution for additional periods;
                    5.    Decides to remain seized of the matter.

2/2                                                                                21-13825

Security Council resolution 2598 (2021) [on renewal for 12 months of the authorizations as set out in paras. 7, 8, 9 and 10 of Security Council resolution 2240 (2015) concerning migrant smuggling and human trafficking into, through and from the Libyan territory and off the coast of Libya]

S/76 [219] LIBYA SITUATION
S/ X Maintenance of international peace and security.

Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS|MIGRANTS|LIBYA|MEDITERRANEAN SEA|CRIME PREVENTION|JURISDICTION OVER SHIPS AT SEA


               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2599 (2021)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               30 September 2021

               Resolution 2599 (2021)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8870th meeting, on
               30 September 2021

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolution 1970 (2011) and all its subsequent resolutions on Libya,
               including resolutions 2259 (2015), 2510 (2020), 2542 (2020) and 2570 (2021),
                    Recalling its determination in its resolution 2213 (2015) that the situation in
               Libya continues to constitute a threat to international peace and security,
                    1.   Decides to extend until 31 January 2022 the mandate of the United Nations
               Support Mission in Libya, as an integrated special political mission to carry out its
               mandate, as set out in resolution 2542 (2020) and paragraph 16 of resolution 2570
               (2021);
                    2.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

21-13916 (E)
*2113916*

Security Council resolution 2599 (2021) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) until 31 Jan. 2022]


               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2600 (2021)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                15 October 2021

               Resolution 2600 (2021)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8881st meeting, on
               15 October 2021

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling all its previous resolutions on Haiti, including resolution 2547 (2020),
               as well as S/PRST/2021/7,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and unity of Haiti,
                     Recalling in particular its resolution 2476 (2019), which established the United
               Nations Integrated Office in Haiti (BINUH) beginning on 16 October 2019 based on
               the report of the Secretary-General of 1 March 2019 (document S/2019/198),
                    Condemning in the strongest terms the assassination of the President of Haiti
               Jovenel Moïse on 7 July 2021, and urging the Government of Haiti to hold the
               perpetrators accountable in a timely manner,
                   Noting with deep concern the acute political, economic, security, and
               humanitarian crises in Haiti and reaffirming the commitment of the international
               community to continue to support the people of Haiti,
                    Expressing grave concern about the recent rise in gang violence, and underlining
               the importance of addressing such violence and its root causes in a comprehensive
               manner, including through strengthened rule of law, socio-economic measures,
               violence reduction programs, weapons and ammunition management, and cutting the
               linkage between political actors and gangs,
                     Recognizing the important role of neighboring countries, regional and
               subregional organizations such as the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), and other
               international partners, and calling on the international community to remain
               committed to supporting efforts to address Haiti’s humanitarian, stabilization,
               reconstruction and sustainable development challenges,
                    Stressing the primary responsibility of the Government of Haiti to address
               longstanding drivers of instability and inequality, and to engage with other
               stakeholders, including civil society, women, youth, and the private sector, to deliver
               durable solutions to Haiti’s immediate and long-term challenges,
                    Deeply concerned about the devastating effects of the earthquake that struck
               Haiti on 14 August 2021, followed by the passage of Tropical Storm Grace on
               16 August 2021, which have resulted in significant loss of lives, damage to property,

21-15017 (E)
*2115017*

S/RES/2600 (2021)

               displacement of residents and the loss of livelihoods, food security and nutrition,
               health security and access to social infrastructure, and emphasizing that progress in
               the recovery and reconstruction of Haiti is crucial to achieving lasting stability,
               security and socio-economic development,
                     1.   Decides to extend, to 15 July 2022 the mandate of BINUH in accordance
               with its resolution 2476 (2019), headed by a Special Representative of the
               Secretary‑General of the United Nations, and the reporting requirements specified in
               resolution 2476 (2019);
                     2.    Requests the Secretary-General to conduct an assessment of the BINUH
               mandate, including whether and how the mandate could be adjusted to address the
               ongoing challenges faced by Haiti; to increase the effectiveness of the mission and its
               efforts to support engagement between Haitian national authorities, civil society and
               other stakeholders; to strengthen the rule of law; and to promote respect for human
               rights;
                     3.    Also requests the Secretary-General to convey the findings of this
               assessment to the Security Council within six months following the adoption of this
               resolution;
                     4.   Encourages continued close collaboration and coordination between
               BINUH, the United Nations Country Team in Haiti, regional organizations and
               international financial institutions with a view to helping the government of Haiti to
               take responsibility to realize the long-term stability, sustainable development, and
               economic self-sufficiency of the country;
                     5.    Urges all Haitian stakeholders to commit to an inclusive inter-Haitian
               national dialogue to address longstanding drivers of instability by creating a
               sustainable and commonly accepted framework to permit the organization of
               inclusive, peaceful, free, fair, and transparent legislative and presidential elections as
               soon as technically feasible, and with the full, equal and meaningful participation of
               women;
                    6.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

2/2                                                                                21-15017

Security Council resolution 2600 (2021) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Integrated Office in Haiti (BINUH) until 15 July 2022]

S/76 [140] UN INTEGRATED OFFICE IN HAITI
S/76 [138] HAITI--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/ X The question concerning Haiti.

UN Integrated Office in Haiti|UN. Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Head of the UN Integrated Office in Haiti|SPECIAL MISSIONS|GOOD OFFICES|COORDINATION WITHIN UN SYSTEM|ELECTIONS|HAITI|HAITI QUESTION


               United Nations                                                                      S/RES/2601 (2021)
               Security Council                                                    Distr.: General
                                                                                29 October 2021

               Resolution 2601 (2021)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8889th meeting, on
               29 October 2021

                    The Security Council,
                     Reaffirming its resolutions 1261 (1999), 1314 (2000), 1379 (2001), 1460 (2003),
               1539 (2004), 1612 (2005), 1882 (2009), 1998 (2011), 2068 (2012), 2143 (2014), 2225
               (2015), and 2427 (2018), and all relevant Statements of its President, which contribute
               to a comprehensive framework for addressing the protection of children affected by
               armed conflict and facilitating the continuation and the protection of education in
               armed conflict,
                     Reiterating its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace
               and security in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, and, in this
               connection, its commitment to address the widespread impact of armed conflict,
               including the disruption of access to education, and the long -term consequences this
               has for durable peace, security and development,
                    Recognizing the need for States to foster an enabling and secure environment to
               ensure safe access to education; and recalling the international humanitarian law
               obligations involving the protection of schools and educational facilities in situations
               of armed conflict,
                    Stressing the primary role and responsibility of Governments in providing
               protection and relief to all children affected by armed conflict and recognizing the
               importance of strengthening national capacities in this regard,
                    Remaining however deeply concerned over the lack of progress on the ground
               in some situations of concern, where parties to conflict continue to violate with
               impunity the relevant provisions of applicable international law relating to the rights
               and protection of children in armed conflict,
                      Underlining in this regard the importance of the implementation of the 2030 Agenda
               for Sustainable Development, and recognizing that a strong focus is needed on combating
               poverty, deprivation and inequality to prevent and protect children from all violations and
               abuses in particular in the context of armed conflict and to promote the resilience of
               children, their families and their communities, and the importance of promoting education
               for all and peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development,
                    Reaffirming the right to education and its fundamental contribution to the
               achievement of peace and security and further recognizing that investment in
               universal, and inclusive education and training is an important investment that States

21-15747 (E)
*2115747*

S/RES/2601 (2021)

               can make to ensure the immediate and long-term development of children, and
               reiterating that access to inclusive, equitable and quality formal and non -formal
               education are important factors that enable children and youth to acquire the relevant
               skills and to build their capacities,
                    Expressing concerns that children account for many of those adversely affected
               by armed conflict, including as refugees and internally displaced persons, and that the
               disruption of access to education and future economic opportunities has a dramatic
               impact on durable peace and reconciliation,
                     Expressing grave concern about the significant increase of attacks against
               schools and education facilities in recent years and the alarming number of children
               denied their right to education, as well as about atta cks on schools and their
               infrastructure, rising instances of abduction of children, and the targeting of schools
               for the purposes of abductions, as reported by the United Nations, the severity and
               frequency of threats of attacks and attacks against schools and civilians connected to
               schools, including children and teachers, the use of schools for military purposes, as
               well as the immediate negative impact of attacks on the safety of students and their
               ability to enjoy their right to education, with long-term negative consequences for
               them as individuals, their families and their communities,
                     Acknowledging the disproportionate negative impact of the COVID19
               pandemic, notably the socio-economic impact, and the adverse effects on children in
               armed conflict and children formerly associated with armed groups and armed forces
               who are undergoing reintegration assistance and noting the heightened risk for
               children in armed conflict, of not resuming their education following school closures,
               particularly girls, making them more vulnerable to child labor, child recruitment as
               well as forced marriage,
                     Expressing deep concerns that girls and women may be the intended victims of
               attacks targeting their access to and continuation of education, and expressing concern
               about the specific consequences of such attacks including but not limited to incidents
               of rape and other forms of sexual violence including sexual slavery, threats of attacks,
               at school and on the way to and from school, abductions, forced marriage, human
               trafficking, and any resulting stigma and grave consequences on their health, all of
               which may further impede the continuation of their education,
                      Expressing deep concern that many children in armed conflict, in particular
               girls, lack access to education owing to attacks and threats of attacks against schools,
               damaged or destroyed school buildings, mines and explosive remnants of war,
               insecurity, the prevalence of violence, including sexual and gender-based violence
               against children, in and around schools and loss or lack of civil documentation,
                     Stressing that all parties to armed conflict must comply strictly with the
               obligations applicable to them under international law for the protection of children
               in armed conflict, including those contained in the Geneva Conventions of
               12th August 1949 and the Additional Protocols of 1977 as well as in the Convention
               on the Rights of the Child and its Optional Protocol on the involvement of Children
               in armed conflict, welcoming the steps taken by a number of Member States to make
               commitments to protect children affected by armed conflict, including the ratification
               of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the
               involvement of children in armed conflict,
                    Taking note of ongoing international and regional initiatives on Children and
               Armed Conflict, including the international conference held in Paris in 2007 on
               protecting children from unlawful recruitment or use by armed forces or armed groups
               and the follow-up conference held in Paris in 2017, and the commitments during the
               conferences, the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Chil d, and the
               commemoration of the International Day to Protect Education from attacks,

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               Taking note of efforts aimed at facilitating the continuation of education in
           armed conflict, including the efforts of Member States that have endorsed the Safe
           Schools Declaration,
                 1.   Strongly condemns all violations of applicable international law involving
           the recruitment and use of children by parties to armed conflict as well as their
           re-recruitment, killing and maiming, rape and other forms of sexual violence,
           abductions, attacks against schools and hospitals as well as denial of humanitarian
           access by parties to armed conflict and all other violations of international law,
           including international humanitarian law, human rights law and refugee law, as well
           as human rights abuses committed against children in situations of armed conflict and
           demands that all relevant parties immediately put an end to such practices and take
           special measures to protect children;
                 2.   Strongly condemns the continued attacks as well as threats of attacks that
           are in contravention of international humanitarian law against schools and civilians
           connected with schools, including children and teachers, and urges all parties to
           armed conflict to immediately cease such attacks and threats of atta cks and to refrain
           from actions that impede access to education;
                 3.    Calls on all parties to safeguard, protect, respect, and promote the right to
           education, including in armed conflict, and reaffirms its contribution to the
           achievement of peace and security, and emphasizes the invaluable role that education
           has for individuals and society including as life-saving safe spaces and acknowledges
           that providing and protecting as well as facilitating the continuation of education in
           armed conflict should remain a key priority for the international community and
           Member States, and in this regard urges Member States, United Nations bodies and
           civil society to take specifically into account girls’ equal access to education;
                 4.   Urges Member States to develop effective measures to prevent and address
           attacks and threats of attacks against schools and education facilities, and, as
           appropriate, develop domestic legal frameworks to ensure respect for their relevant
           international legal obligations as applicable to them, and encourages Member States
           to ensure that national strategic frameworks include, as appropriate, comprehensive
           measures to prevent attacks and threats of attacks against schools and ensure the
           protection of schools and civilians connected with schools, including children and
           teachers during armed conflict as well as in post-conflict phases, with the support of
           relevant United Nations entities;
                 5.   Underlines the importance of coordination between the United Nations,
           regional and subregional organisations in preventing violations and abuses against
           children affected by armed conflict, including supporting national authorities to
           develop and establish appropriate strategies for the protection of schools and
           continued access to education in situations of armed conflict, as well as to ensure that
           these strategies strengthen coherence between political, security, human rights,
           development and rule of law activities, which remain the primary responsibility of
           Member States;
                 6.    Condemns the military use of schools in contravention of international law,
           and recognizes that use by armed forces and armed groups may render schools
           legitimate targets of attack, thus endangering children’s and teachers’ safety as well
           as their education, and in this regard:
                (a) Urges all parties to armed conflict to respect the civilian character of
           schools and educational facilities in accordance with international humanitarian law;
                (b) Encourages Member States to take concrete measures to mitigate and
           avoid the use of schools by armed forces, as appropriate, and deter the use of schools

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S/RES/2601 (2021)

               by armed groups, and to facilitate the continuation of education in situations of armed
               conflict;
                    (c) Calls upon United Nations country-level task forces to enhance the
               monitoring and reporting on the military use of schools;
                     7.   Calls upon Members States to ensure that their armed forces and security
               forces, within their respective competencies under domestic law, take practical
               measures for facilitating access to and the continuation of education and the protection
               of schools and civilians connected to schools, including children and teachers into the
               planning and conduct of their operations, including through refraining from using
               schools for military purposes in contravention of international la w;
                    8.    Condemns the lack of accountability for violations of international law,
               including international humanitarian law, and for abuses, committed against civilians
               connected to schools, including children and teachers, in armed conflict, and
               condemns attacks and threats of attacks against schools and educational facilities in
               contravention of international humanitarian law, which in turn may contribute to the
               recurrence of these acts; and urges Member States to ensure that such violations are
               investigated and those responsible duly prosecuted;
                     9.   Encourages Member States affected by armed conflict to take immediate
               measures to rehabilitate, repair, or replace schools that have been subject to attack
               and restore children’s safe access to schools, emphasizing the importance of
               protecting and supporting teachers, who play an important role in this regard, and
               calls for the continued support of relevant United Nations entities, as well as
               international and regional bodies, in assisting Member States, upon requ est;
                     10. Calls upon Member States to protect schools as spaces free from all forms
               of violence, noting that girls may be the intended victims of attack on their education,
               which can lead to serious violations such as abduction and rape and other forms of
               sexual violence, and urges Member States to take steps to address girls’ equal
               enjoyment of their right to education;
                     11. Calls upon member states to halt and prevent recruitment and
               re-recruitment of children contrary to the obligations of parties to con flict, through,
               inter alia, quality education provided in a safe environment in conflict areas, noting
               the particularly high recorded numbers of boys being subject to recruitment and use
               in this regard;
                     12. Urges Member States to provide necessary protection and assistance to
               children including those in vulnerable situations such as internally displaced persons,
               children undergoing reintegration assistance, refugees and children with disabilities,
               teachers and other persons entitled to protection who are connected to schools
               affected by attacks on schools, or by the military use of schools in contravention of
               international law;
                     13. Underlines the importance of providing sustainable, timely, appropriate,
               inclusive and accessible assistance to children with disabilities who are affected by
               armed conflict, including reintegration, rehabilitation, and psychosocial support, to
               ensure that their specific needs are effectively addressed, and encourages Member
               States to take appropriate measures to ensure access to education on an equal basis
               provided in the context of armed conflict;
                     14. Calls on Member States to take necessary steps, within their national
               jurisdictions, to provide assistance for the continuation of education for refugee and
               displaced children in realizing their right to education, and calls on national, regional,
               and international partners to support efforts for including refugees into schools with
               adequate financing and specialized support;

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                                                                                S/RES/2601 (2021)

                 15. Stresses the deleterious effects of humanitarian emergencies and forced
           displacement due to armed conflict on the mental health and psychological wellbeing
           of children; and further stresses the importance of long-term and sustainable funding
           for mental health and psychosocial programming in humanitarian contexts and
           ensuring that those who are affected receive timely and sufficient support , and
           encourages Member States, donors, and relevant parties to integrate mental health
           and psychosocial services in all humanitarian responses;
                 16. Emphasizes the need for Member States to facilitate continuation of
           education during armed conflict, including, when feasible, through distance learning
           and digital technology, and in this regard encourages Member States to promote the
           adoption of remote learning solutions, including digital learning, literacy, and skills
           to facilitate continuity of education in armed conflict by utilizing the innovations and
           lessons learned during the COVID-19 education response, including when schools
           are subject to attack;
                17. Encourages Member States and relevant United Nations agencies as well
           as regional and international partners to strengthen coordination, cooperation, and
           investment in support of distance learning facilities, digital literacy and education in
           armed conflict, as well as digital infrastructure and technology, relevant skills and
           supporting infrastructure, to close the digital divide across and within regions, while
           ensuring the protection of personal data and continuing to provide alternatives for
           those not reached by digital solutions;
                 18. Reiterates its call on parties to armed conflict listed in the annexes of the
           Secretary-General’s report on children and armed conflict that have not already done
           so to prepare and implement, with support of the United Nations, without further
           delay, action plans to prevent and halt attacks or threats of attacks on sch ools and
           persons entitled to protection who are connected to schools, in contravention of
           international humanitarian law;
                 19. Encourages the Secretary General, together with his Special
           Representative for Children and Armed Conflict, UNICEF, and relevant United
           Nations bodies and child protection actors, to carry out and include in his relevant
           reporting lessons learned and best practices on the children and armed conflict
           mandate, including the protection and continuation of education in armed conflict,
           local and community-based initiatives to protect schools and ensure that children are
           safe, and the prevention of the military use of schools;
                 20. Stresses the importance of regular and timely consideration of violations
           and abuses committed against children in armed conflict, in this regard welcomes the
           sustained activity of its Working Group on Children and Armed Conflict, and invites
           the Working Group to make full use of tools within its mandate to promote the
           protection of children affected by armed conflict, including through increasing
           engagement with concerned Member States in light of ongoing discussions on
           enhancing compliance;
                 21. Requests Member States, the Office of the Special Representative of the
           Secretary General for Children and Armed Conflict, United Nations peacekeeping and
           political missions and United Nations country teams, and calls on regional and
           subregional bodies, within their respective mandates and in close cooperation with
           the Governments of the countries concerned, to establish appropriate strategies and
           coordination mechanisms for information exchange and cooperation relating to
           facilitating access to and the continuation of education as well as the protection and
           prevention of attacks against schools, bearing in mind paragraph 2 (d) of its resolution
           1612 (2005) and relevant conclusions by the Security Council Working Group o n
           Children and Armed Conflict;

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                     22. Recognizes the role of United Nations peacekeeping operations and
               political missions in the protection of children, particularly the crucial role of child
               protection advisers in mainstreaming child protection and leading monitoring,
               prevention and reporting efforts in missions, and in this regard reiterates its decision
               to continue the inclusion of specific provisions for the protection of children in the
               mandates of all relevant United Nations peacekeeping operations and political
               missions, encourages deployment of child protection advisers to such missions, and
               calls upon the Secretary-General to ensure that the need for and the number and roles
               of such advisers are systematically assessed during the preparation and rene wal of
               each United Nations peacekeeping operation and political mission, and that they are
               speedily recruited, expeditiously deployed, and properly resourced where appointed,
               in a transparent manner, and encourages the United Nations Secretariat, including
               DPO and DPPA, to take into account child protection when briefing the Council on
               country-specific situations;
                    23. Underlines the importance of providing military, police and civilian
               peacekeepers, with adequate pre-deployment and in-mission training on mission
               specific child protection issues, including on attacks on schools, and on appropriate
               comprehensive prevention and protection responses;
                     24. Calls upon Member States and donors, and encourages all concerned
               institutions to consider increasing their contributions to ensuring continuation of
               education in armed conflict, based on and in proportion to assessed needs, as a means
               of ensuring adequate, timely, predictable, flexible and needs-based resources;
                      25. Calls for full, safe, and unhindered humanitarian access, without delay, for
               humanitarian personnel and medical personnel, their equipment, transport and
               supplies, in order to facilitate, inter alia, COVID-19 vaccinations, as appropriate, as
               it is critical for the continuation of education and cal ls for the protection, safety, and
               security of such humanitarian and medical personnel, and in this regard urges all
               parties to protect civilian infrastructure which is critical to the delivery of
               humanitarian aid for essential services concerning vaccinat ions and related medical
               care, in order to facilitate timely return to education in situations of armed conflicts
               and complex humanitarian emergencies;
                     26. Emphasizes the unity, common origin and solidarity of humanity, and the
               need for intensified international collaboration in the face of the common threat of
               the COVID19 pandemic, and recognizes that the COVID19 pandemic as well as the
               inequitable access to vaccines have exacerbated existing inequalities in access to
               education and the continuation of education in armed conflict; acknowledges the
               adverse short, medium and long term negative impacts of the COVID19 pandemic on
               the present and future of access to education in armed conflict for all children;
               requests that measures, inter alia by enabling equitable global access to quality, safe,
               efficacious and affordable diagnostics, therapeutics, medicines and vaccines, and
               essential health technologies, and their components, as well as equipment for the
               COVID-19 response, are duly accounted for in facilitating access to education in
               armed conflict;
                    27. Further requests that preventative and corrective measures be urgently
               undertaken to ensure equal access to education and the continuation of education in
               armed conflict, and recognises the essential role of education for the prospects of
               peace and security;
                    28.   Decides to remain actively seized of this matter.

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Security Council resolution 2601 (2021) [on children and armed conflict]

S/76 [187] CHILDREN IN ARMED CONFLICTS
S/ X Children and armed conflict.

CHILDREN IN ARMED CONFLICTS|RIGHTS OF THE CHILD|SCHOOLS|RIGHT TO EDUCATION|COVID-19


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2602 (2021)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                29 October 2021

               Resolution 2602 (2021)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8890th meeting, on
               29 October 2021

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling and reaffirming all its previous resolutions on Western Sahara,
                    Reaffirming its strong support for the efforts of the Secretary-General and his
               Personal Envoy to implement resolutions 1754 (2007), 1783 (2007), 1813 (2008),
               1871 (2009), 1920 (2010), 1979 (2011), 2044 (2012), 2099 (2013), 2152 (2014), 2218
               (2015), 2285 (2016), 2351 (2017), 2414 (2018), 2440 (2018), 2468 (2019), 2494
               (2019), and 2548 (2020),
                    Paying tribute to Horst Köhler, former Personal Envoy of the Secretary -General
               for Western Sahara, and commending his efforts in holding the round-table process,
               which created momentum in the political process,
                     Welcoming the appointment of Staffan de Mistura as the Personal Envoy of the
               Secretary-General for Western Sahara and urging the constructive resumption of the
               political process, building on the progress of the former Personal Envoy,
                     Welcoming the momentum created by the first round-table meeting on
               5−6 December 2018 and the second round-table meeting on 21–22 March 2019, and
               the engagement by Morocco, the Frente POLISARIO, Algeria, and Mauritania in the
               UN political process on Western Sahara in a serious and respectful manner in order
               to identify elements of convergence,
                     Encouraging the resumption of consultations between the Personal Envoy and
               Morocco, the Frente POLISARIO, Algeria and Mauritania in this regard to build on
               the progress achieved,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to assist the parties to achieve a just, lasting, and
               mutually acceptable political solution, based on compromise, which will provide for
               the self-determination of the people of Western Sahara in the context of arrangements
               consistent with the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations, and
               noting the role and responsibilities of the parties in this respect,
                     Reiterating its call upon Morocco, the Frente POLISARIO, Algeria and
               Mauritania to cooperate more fully with each other, including through building
               additional trust, and with the United Nations, as well as to strengthen their involvement
               in the political process and to achieve progress towards a political solution,

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                     Recognizing that achieving a political solution to this long-standing dispute and
               enhanced cooperation between the Member States of the Maghreb Arab Union would
               contribute to stability and security, in turn lead ing to jobs, growth and opportunities
               for all the peoples in the Sahel region,
                    Welcoming the efforts of the Secretary-General to keep all peacekeeping
               operations, including the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western
               Sahara (MINURSO), under close review and reiterating the need for the Council to
               pursue a rigorous, strategic approach to peacekeeping deployments, and effective
               management of resources,
                     Recalling resolution 2378 (2017) and its request of the Secretary-General to
               ensure that data related to the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations, including
               peacekeeping performance data, is used to improve analytics and the evaluation of
               mission operations, based on clear and well identified benchmarks, and further
               recalling resolution 2436 (2018) and its request of the Secretary-General to ensure
               that decisions to recognize and incentivize outstanding performance and decisions
               regarding deployment, remediation, training, withholding of financial
               reimbursement, and repatriation of uniformed or dismissal of civilian personnel, are
               predicated on objective performance data,
                    Recalling resolution 2242 (2015) and 2538 (2020) and its aspiration to increase
               the number of women in military and police contingents of Uni ted Nations
               peacekeeping operations,
                     Recognizing the important role played by MINURSO on the ground and the need
               for it to fully implement its mandate, including its role in supporting the Personal
               Envoy to achieve a mutually acceptable political solution,
                    Noting with deep concern the breakdown of the ceasefire,
                    Expressing concern about the violations of existing agreements and reiterating
               the importance of full adherence to these commitments, and taking note of the
               commitments provided by the Frente POLISARIO to the former Personal Envoy,
                    Taking note of the Moroccan proposal presented on 11 April 2007 to the
               Secretary-General and welcoming serious and credible Moroccan efforts to move the
               process forward towards resolution; also taking note of the Frente POLISARIO
               proposal presented 10 April 2007 to the Secretary-General,
                     Encouraging in this context, the parties to demonstrate further political will
               towards a solution including by expanding upon their discussion of each other’s
               proposals and recommitting to UN efforts in a spirit of realism and compromise, and
               further encouraging the neighbouring countries to make contributions to the polit ical
               process,
                     Encouraging the parties to cooperate further with the United Nations Office of
               the High Commissioner for Refugees in identifying and implementing confidence -
               building measures that can serve to foster the trust necessary for a successful poli tical
               process,
                     Stressing the importance of improving the human rights situation in Western
               Sahara and the Tindouf camps, and encouraging the parties to work with the
               international community to develop and implement independent and credible
               measures to ensure full respect for human rights, bearing in mind their relevant
               obligations under international law,
                    Encouraging the parties to sustain and prioritize their respective efforts to
               enhance the promotion and protection of human rights in Western Sahara and the
               Tindouf refugee camps, including the freedoms of expression and association,

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                                                                                S/RES/2602 (2021)

                Welcoming in this regard, steps and initiatives taken by Morocco, and the role
           played by the National Council on Human Rights Commissions operating in Dakhla
           and Laayoune, and Morocco’s interaction with Special Procedures of the United
           Nations Human Rights Council,
                 Strongly encouraging enhancing cooperation with the Office of the United
           Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), including through
           facilitating visits to the region,
                 Noting with deep concern the continued hardships faced by Sahrawi refugees,
           their dependency on external humanitarian assistance, and the impact of the
           COVID-19 pandemic, and further noting with deep concern insufficient funding for
           those living in Tindouf refugee camps and the risks associated with the reduction of
           food assistance,
                Reiterating its request for consideration of a refugee registration in the Tindouf
           refugee camps and emphasizing efforts be made in this regard,
                 Recalling United Nations Security Council resolutions 1325 and 2250 and
           related resolutions; stressing the importance of a commitment by the parties to
           continue the process of negotiations through the United Nations -sponsored talks and
           encouraging the full, effective and meaningful participation of women and active and
           meaningful participation of youth in these talks,
                Recognizing that the status quo is not acceptable, and noting further that
           progress in negotiations is essential in order to improve the quality of life of the
           people of Western Sahara in all its aspects,
                Affirming its full support for Special Representative of the Secretary-General
           for Western Sahara and Head of MINURSO Alexander Ivanko,
                Having considered the report of the Secretary-General of 1 October 2021
           (S/2021/843),
                1.    Decides to extend the mandate of MINURSO until 31 October 2022;
                 2.   Emphasizes the need to achieve a realistic, practicable, enduring and
           mutually acceptable political solution to the question of Western Sahara based on
           compromise and the importance of aligning the strategic focus of MINURSO and
           orienting resources of the United Nations to this end;
                3.    Expresses its full support for the Secretary-General and his Personal
           Envoy to facilitate the negotiations process in order to achieve a solution to the
           Western Sahara question, notes the intention of the former Personal Envoy to invite
           Morocco, the Frente POLISARIO, Algeria, and Mauritania to meet again in the same
           format, and welcomes the engagement of Morocco, the Frente POLISARIO, Algeria,
           and Mauritania throughout the duration of this process, in a spirit of realism and
           compromise, to ensure a successful outcome;
                 4.   Calls upon the parties to resume negotiations under the auspices of the
           Secretary-General without preconditions and in good faith, taking into account the
           efforts made since 2006 and subsequent developments with a view to achieving a just,
           lasting, and mutually acceptable political solution, which will provide for the sel fdetermination of the people of Western Sahara in the context of arrangements
           consistent with the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations, and
           noting the role and responsibilities of the parties in this respect;
                5.    Invites Member States to lend appropriate assistance to these talks;
              6.  Reaffirms the need for full respect of the military agreements reached with
           MINURSO with regard to the ceasefire and calls on the parties to comply fully with

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S/RES/2602 (2021)

               those agreements, implement their commitments to the former Personal Envoy, and
               refrain from any actions that could undermine UN-facilitated negotiations or further
               destabilize the situation in the Western Sahara;
                    7.    Reiterates its call upon all parties to cooperate fully with MINURSO,
               including its free interaction with all interlocutors, and to take the necessary steps to
               ensure the security of as well as unhindered movement and immediate access for the
               United Nations and associated personnel in carrying out their mandate, in conformity
               with existing agreements;
                     8.   Emphasizes the importance of a renewed commitment by the parties to
               advancing the political process in preparation for further negotiations, recalls its
               endorsement of the recommendation in the report of 14 April 2008 ( S/2008/251) that
               realism and a spirit of compromise by the parties are essential to achieve progress in
               negotiations, and encourages the neighbouring countries to make important, active
               contributions to this process;
                    9.    Calls upon the parties to demonstrate political will and work in an
               atmosphere propitious for dialogue in order to advance negotiations, thus ensuring
               implementation of resolutions 1754 (2007), 1783 (2007), 1813 (2008), 1871 (2009),
               1920 (2010), 1979 (2011), 2044 (2012), 2099 (2013), 2152 (2014), 2218 (2015), 2285
               (2016), 2351 (2017), 2414 (2018), 2440 (2018), 2468 (2019), 2494 (2019), and 2548
               (2020), and the success of negotiations;
                     10. Requests the Secretary-General to brief the Security Council on a regular
               basis, and at any time he deems appropriate during the mandate period, to incl ude
               within six months of this mandate’s renewal and again prior to its expiration, on the
               status and progress of these negotiations under his auspices, on the implementation
               of this resolution, assessment of MINURSO’s operations and steps taken to address
               challenges, expresses its intention to meet to receive and discuss his briefings and in
               this regard, further requests the Secretary-General to provide a report on the situation
               in Western Sahara well before the end of the mandate period;
                    11. Welcomes the initiatives undertaken by the Secretary-General to
               standardize a culture of performance in UN peacekeeping, and reaffirms its support
               for the development of a comprehensive and integrated performance policy
               framework that identifies clear standards of performance for evaluating all United
               Nations civilian and uniformed personnel working in and supporting peacekeeping
               operations that facilitates effective and full implementation of mandates, and includes
               comprehensive and objective methodologies based on clear and well-defined
               benchmarks to ensure accountability for underperformance and incentives and
               recognition for outstanding performance, and calls on him to apply this framework to
               MINURSO as described in resolution 2436 (2018), requests the Secretary-General to
               seek to increase the number of women in MINURSO, as well as to ensure the full,
               equal, and meaningful participation of women in all aspects of operations;
                    12. Urges the parties and neighbouring states to engage productively with
               MINURSO as it further considers how new technologies can be used to reduce risk,
               improve force protection, and better implement its mandate;
                     13. Encourages the parties to cooperate with the Office of the United Nations
               High Commissioner for Refugees to identify and implement confidence -building
               measures, including to engage women and youth, and encourages neighbouring states
               to support these efforts;
                     14. Urges Member States to provide new and additional voluntary
               contributions to fund food programmes to ensure that the humanitarian needs of
               refugees are adequately addressed and avoid reductions in food rations;

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                 15. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to take necessary measures to
           ensure full compliance of all personnel in MINURSO with the United Nations zero -
           tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to keep the Council fully
           informed through his reports to the Council about the Mission’s progress in this
           regard, and urges troop-contributing and police-contributing countries to continue
           taking appropriate preventative action including vetting of all personnel,
           predeployment and in-mission awareness training, and to ensure full accountability
           in cases of such conduct involving their personnel through timely investigation of
           allegations by troop-contributing and police-contributing countries and MINURSO,
           as appropriate;
                16.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2602 (2021) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) until 31 Oct. 2022]

S/76 [45] UN MISSION FOR THE REFERENDUM IN WESTERN SAHARA
S/76 [44] WESTERN SAHARA QUESTION
S/ X The situation concerning Western Sahara.

UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara|UN. Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General for Western Sahara|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|WESTERN SAHARA|NEGOTIATION|PEACE AGREEMENTS|WESTERN SAHARA QUESTION


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2603 (2021)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                29 October 2021

               Resolution 2603 (2021)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8891st meeting, on
               29 October 2021

                    The Security Council,
                   Reaffirming its full commitment to the peace process in the Republic of
               Colombia,
                    Recalling all its resolutions and statements of its President regarding the peace
               process in Colombia,
                     Welcoming the progress made towards peace across Colombia since the adoption
               of the Final Agreement for Ending the Conflict and Building a Stable and Lasting
               Peace (the Final Agreement), noting the upcoming fifth anniversary of its signing,
               and urging the parties, with the support of relevant state institutions and security
               forces, as well as civil society, to work together to build upon this progress and
               address ongoing challenges, in particular the continued violence in conflict -affected
               areas, through comprehensive implementation of the Final Agreement, including rural
               reform, inclusive political participation, its ethnic and gender provisions, and
               countering illicit drugs including through crop substitution programmes,
                     Recalling in particular its resolution 2366 (2017) which established the United
               Nations Verification Mission in Colombia (the Verification Mission) to verify
               implementation by the Government of Colombia and Revolutionary Armed Forces of
               Colombia (FARC-EP) of sections 3.2 and 3.4 of the Final Agreement as called f or in
               section 6.3.3 of the Final Agreement, and recalling the positive role played by the
               Verification Mission in that regard,
                     Recalling also its resolution 2574 (2021) which expanded the mandate of the
               Verification Mission to include the additional task of verifying compliance with and
               implementation of the sentences to be issued by the Special Jurisdiction for Peace
               (SJP), and welcoming the preparations being made by the Verification Mission,
               working with the SJP, in this regard,
                     Noting that, under the terms of the Final Agreement, the sentences of the SJP
               will have the overall aim of realising the rights of victims and consolidating peace,
               and will need to have the greatest restorative and reparative function in relation to the
               harm caused,
                    Recognising the contribution the Verification Mission could make to building
               confidence in the Comprehensive System for Truth, Justice, Reparation and
               Non-Repetition established under the Final Agreement, which is integral to the

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S/RES/2603 (2021)

               success of the peace process and the fulfilment of the rights of the victims of the
               conflict,
                    Acknowledging the letter of 20 October 2021 from the President of Colombia
               requesting an extension of the mandate of the Verification Missio n on behalf of the
               Government of Colombia and the party of the former FARC-EP,
                    1.    Decides to extend the mandate of the Verification Mission until 31 October
               2022;
                     2.    Expresses its willingness to work with the Government of Colombia on the
               further extension of the mandate of the Verification Mission on the basis of agreement
               between the parties.

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Security Council resolution 2603 (2021) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Verification Mission in Colombia until 31 Oct. 2022]

S/76 [302] COLOMBIA--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/ X Identical letters dated 19 January 2016 from the Permanent Representative of Colombia to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council (S/2016/53).

UN Verification Mission in Colombia|Final Agreement for Ending the Conflict and Building a Stable and Lasting Peace in Colombia (2016)|SPECIAL MISSIONS|PEACE AGREEMENTS|VERIFICATION|COLOMBIA