               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/1542 (2004)
               Security Council                                              Distr.: General
                                                                             30 April 2004

               Resolution 1542 (2004)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 4961st meeting,
               on 30 April 2004

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling resolution 1529 (2004) of 29 February 2004,
                    Welcoming the report of the Secretary-General on 16 April 2004 (S/2004/300)
               and supporting its recommendations,
                     Affirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and unity of Haiti,
                     Deploring all violations of human rights, particularly against the civilian
               population, and urging the Transitional Government of Haiti (“Transitional
               Government”) to take all necessary measures to put an end to impunity and to
               ensure that the continued promotion and protection of human rights and the
               establishment of a State based on the rule of law and an independent judiciary are
               among its highest priorities,
                     Reaffirming also its resolutions 1325 (2000) on women, peace and security,
               1379 (2001), 1460 (2003) and 1539 (2004) on children in armed conflicts, as well as
               resolutions 1265 (1999) and 1296 (2000) on the protection of civilians in armed
               conflicts,
                    Welcoming and encouraging efforts by the United Nations to sensitize
               peacekeeping personnel in the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS and other
               communicable diseases in all its peacekeeping operations,
                     Commending the rapid and professional deployment of the Multinational
               Interim Force (MIF) and the stabilization efforts it has undertaken,
                    Taking note of the Political Agreement reached by some key parties on 4 April
               2004 and urging all parties to work without delay towards a broad political
               consensus on the nature and duration of the political transition,
                    Reiterating its call upon the international community to continue to assist and
               support the economic, social and institutional development of Haiti over the long
               term, and welcoming the intention of the Organization of American States (OAS),
               the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), and of the international donor community,
               as well as international financial institutions, to participate in those efforts,

04-33298 (E)
*0433298*

S/RES/1542 (2004)

                     Noting the existence of challenges to the political, social and economic
               stability of Haiti and determining that the situation in Haiti continues to constitute a
               threat to international peace and security in the region,
                     1.    Decides to establish the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti
               (MINUSTAH), the stabilization force called for in resolution 1529 (2004), for an
               initial period of six months, with the intention to renew for further periods; and
               requests that authority be transferred from the MIF to MINUSTAH on 1 June 2004;
                    2.   Authorizes remaining elements of the MIF to continue carrying out its
               mandate under UNSCR 1529 (2004) within the means available for a transition
               period not exceeding 30 days from 1 June 2004, as required and requested by
               MINUSTAH;
                    3.   Requests the Secretary-General to appoint a Special Representative in
               Haiti who will have overall authority on the ground for the coordination and
               conduct of all the activities of the United Nations agencies, funds and programmes
               in Haiti;
                     4.   Decides that MINUSTAH will consist of a civilian and a military
               component in accordance with the Secretary-General’s report on Haiti (S/2004/300):
               a civilian component will include a maximum of 1,622 Civilian Police, including
               advisers and formed units and a military component to include up to 6,700 troops of
               all ranks; and requests further that the military component report directly to the
               Special Representative through the force commander;
                     5.   Supports the establishment of a Core Group chaired by the Special
               Representative and comprising also his/her Deputies, the Force Commander,
               representatives of OAS and CARICOM, other regional and subregional
               organizations, international financial institutions and other major stakeholders, in
               order to facilitate the implementation of MINUSTAH’s mandate, promote
               interaction with the Haitian authorities as partners, and to enhance the effectiveness
               of the international community’s response in Haiti, as outlined in the Secretary-General’s report (S/2004/300);
                    6.    Requests that in carrying out its mandate, MINUSTAH cooperate and
               coordinate with the OAS and CARICOM;
                    7.   Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations with
               regard to Section I below, decides that MINUSTAH shall have the following
               mandate:
                    I.    Secure and Stable Environment:
                    (a) in support of the Transitional Government, to ensure a secure and stable
               environment within which the constitutional and political process in Haiti can take
               place;
                    (b) to assist the Transitional Government in monitoring, restructuring and
               reforming the Haitian National Police, consistent with democratic policing
               standards, including through the vetting and certification of its personnel, advising
               on its reorganization and training, including gender training, as well as
               monitoring/mentoring members of the Haitian National Police;
                    (c) to assist the Transitional Government, particularly the Haitian National
               Police, with comprehensive and sustainable Disarmament, Demobilization and

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                                                                                S/RES/1542 (2004)

Reintegration (DDR) programmes for all armed groups, including women and
children associated with such groups, as well as weapons control and public security
measures;
      (d) to assist with the restoration and maintenance of the rule of law, public
safety and public order in Haiti through the provision inter alia of operational
support to the Haitian National Police and the Haitian Coast Guard, as well as with
their institutional strengthening, including the re-establishment of the corrections
system;
     (e) to protect United Nations personnel, facilities, installations and
equipment and to ensure the security and freedom of movement of its personnel,
taking into account the primary responsibility of the Transitional Government in that
regard;
     (f) to protect civilians under imminent threat of physical violence, within its
capabilities and areas of deployment, without prejudice to the responsibilities of the
Transitional Government and of police authorities;
     II.    Political Process:
     (a) to support the constitutional and political process under way in Haiti,
including through good offices, and foster principles and democratic governance
and institutional development;
     (b) to assist the Transitional Government in its efforts to bring about a
process of national dialogue and reconciliation;
      (c) to assist the Transitional Government in its efforts to organize, monitor,
and carry out free and fair municipal, parliamentary and presidential elections at the
earliest possible date, in particular through the provision of technical, logistical, and
administrative assistance and continued security, with appropriate support to an
electoral process with voter participation that is representative of the national
demographics, including women;
     (d) to assist the Transitional Government in extending State authority
throughout Haiti and support good governance at local levels;
     III.   Human Rights:
      (a) to support the Transitional Government as well as Haitian human rights
institutions and groups in their efforts to promote and protect human rights,
particularly of women and children, in order to ensure individual accountability for
human rights abuses and redress for victims;
     (b) to monitor and report on the human rights situation, in cooperation with
the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, including
on the situation of returned refugees and displaced persons;
     8.   Decides that MINUSTAH in collaboration with other partners shall
provide advice and assistance within its capacity to the Transitional Government:
      (a) in the investigation of human rights violations and violations of
international humanitarian law, in collaboration with the Office of the High
Commissioner for Human Rights, to put an end to impunity;

                                                                                3

S/RES/1542 (2004)

                     (b) in the development of a strategy for reform and institutional
               strengthening of the judiciary;
                     9.    Decides further that MINUSTAH shall coordinate and cooperate with the
               Transitional Government as well as with their international partners, in order to
               facilitate the provision and coordination of humanitarian assistance, and access of
               humanitarian workers to Haitian people in need, with a particular focus on the most
               vulnerable segments of society, particularly women and children;
                    10. Authorizes the Secretary-General to take all necessary steps to facilitate
               and support the early deployment of MINUSTAH in advance of the United Nations
               assumption of responsibilities from the Multinational Interim Force;
                    11. Requests the Haitian authorities to conclude a status-of-force agreement
               with the Secretary-General within 30 days of adoption of this resolution, and notes
               that pending the conclusion of such an agreement the model status-of-force
               agreement dated 9 October 1990 (A/45/594) shall apply provisionally;
                     12. Demands strict respect for the persons and premises of the United
               Nations and associated personnel, the OAS, CARICOM and other international and
               humanitarian organizations, and diplomatic missions in Haiti, and that no acts of
               intimidation or violence be directed against personnel engaged in humanitarian,
               development or peacekeeping work; demands further that all parties in Haiti provide
               safe and unimpeded access to humanitarian agencies to allow them to carry out their
               work;
                     13. Emphasizes the need for Member States, United Nations organs, bodies
               and agencies and other international organizations, in particular OAS and
               CARICOM, other regional and subregional organizations, international financial
               institutions and non-governmental organizations to continue to contribute to the
               promotion of the social and economic development of Haiti, in particular for the
               long-term, in order to achieve and sustain stability and combat poverty;
                     14. Urges all the above-mentioned stakeholders, in particular the United
               Nations organs, bodies, and agencies to assist the Transitional Government of Haiti
               in the design of a long-term development strategy to this effect;
                     15. Calls on the Member States to provide substantial international aid to
               meet the humanitarian needs in Haiti and to permit the reconstruction of the country,
               utilizing relevant coordination mechanisms, and further calls upon States, in
               particular those in the region, to provide appropriate support for the actions
               undertaken by the United Nations organs, bodies and agencies;
                     16. Requests the Secretary-General to provide an interim report to the
               Council on the implementation of this mandate, and to provide an additional report
               prior to the expiration of the mandate, containing recommendations to the Council
               on whether to extend, restructure or reshape the mission to ensure the mission and
               its mandate remain relevant to changes in Haiti’s political, security and economic
               development situation;
                    17.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

4

Security Council resolution 1542 (2004) [on establishment of the UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH)]

S/59 [138] HAITI--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/59 [137] UN STABILIZATION MISSION IN HAITI

UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti > Establishment|Multinational Interim Force in Haiti|UN. Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Haiti|OAS|Caribbean Community|UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti > Terms of reference|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|HUMAN RIGHTS|HAITI|HAITI QUESTION|MILITARY PERSONNEL|POLICE|ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM|DISARMAMENT|MILITARY DEMOBILIZATION|SOCIAL INTEGRATION|RULE OF LAW|CONSTITUTIONS|INTERIM GOVERNMENTS|ELECTIONS|HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS|JUDICIAL SYSTEM|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|STAFF SECURITY|FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT|RELIEF PERSONNEL|SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT|ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT|POVERTY MITIGATION|DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES|FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE|POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION|REGIONAL COOPERATION


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/1543 (2004)
               Security Council                                               Distr.: General
                                                                              14 May 2004

               Resolution 1543 (2004)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 4968th meeting, on
               14 May 2004

                    The Security Council,
                     Reaffirming its previous resolutions on the situation in Timor-Leste, in
               particular resolutions 1410 (2002) of 17 May 2002, 1473 (2003) of 4 April 2003 and
               1480 (2003) of 19 May 2003,
                     Commending the progress achieved by the people and Government of Timor-Leste, with the assistance of the international community, towards developing, in so
               short a time, the nation’s infrastructure, public administration, law enforcement and
               defence capacities,
                    Commending also the work of the United Nations Mission of Support in
               Timor-Leste (UNMISET), under the leadership of the Secretary-General’s Special
               Representative, and welcoming the progress made towards the accomplishment of
               key tasks inscribed in its mandate, in accordance with Security Council resolutions
               1410 (2002), 1473 (2003) and 1480 (2003),
                    Expressing its appreciation to those Member States providing troops, civilian
               police personnel and support elements to UNMISET,
                   Having considered the statement of 20 February 2004 by the Foreign Minister
               of Timor-Leste to the Security Council, requesting a one-year extension of
               UNMISET,
                    Taking note of the special report of the Secretary-General on UNMISET of 13
               February 2004 (S/2004/117) as well as his report of 29 April 2004 (S/2004/333),
                     Welcoming the Secretary-General’s recommendation to extend UNMISET for a
               further, one-year consolidation phase, to allow key tasks to be performed and to
               sustain, strengthen and build upon the gains made to date, thereby permitting Timor-Leste to attain self-sufficiency,
                     Noting also that the emerging institutions in Timor-Leste are still in the
               process of consolidation and that further assistance is required to ensure sustained
               development and strengthening of key sectors, mainly justice, the public
               administration, including the National Police, and the maintenance of security and
               stability in Timor-Leste,

04-35138 (E)
*0435138*

S/RES/1543 (2004)

                     Encouraging the Government of Timor-Leste to adopt, as soon as possible,
               legislation and other appropriate measures referred to in paragraph 69 of the
               Secretary-General’s report of 29 April 2004, and further outlined as Timor-Leste
               action required in annexes 1, 2 and 3 of the same report,
                     Welcoming the excellent communication and goodwill that have characterized
               relations between Timor-Leste and Indonesia and encouraging continued
               cooperation between both Governments and cooperation with UNMISET towards
               further progress in resolving pending bilateral issues, including those relating to the
               demarcation and management of the border and to the provision of justice for those
               responsible for serious crimes committed in 1999,
                     Remaining fully committed to the promotion of security and long-lasting
               stability in Timor-Leste,
                    1.    Decides to extend the mandate of UNMISET for a period of 6 months,
               with a view to subsequently extending the mandate for a further and final period of
               6 months, until 20 May 2005;
                    2.    Decides also to reduce the size of UNMISET and revise its tasks, in
               accordance with the recommendations of the Secretary-General in Section III of his
               report of 29 April 2004;
                    3.   Decides accordingly that the mandate of UNMISET shall consist of the
               following elements, as outlined in the report of the Secretary-General of 29 April
               2004:
                    (i) support for the public administration and justice system of Timor-Leste
                    and for justice in the area of serious crimes;
                    (ii)   support to the development of law enforcement in Timor-Leste;
                    (iii) support for the security and stability of Timor-Leste;
                     4.   Decides that UNMISET will include up to 58 civilian advisers, 157
               civilian police advisers, 42 military liaison officers, 310 formed troops and a 125-
               person International Response Unit;
                    5.    Decides that internationally accepted human rights principles shall
               continue to form an integral part of training and capacity-building carried out by
               UNMISET under paragraph 3 above;
                     6.   Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security Council closely and
               regularly informed of developments on the ground and of the implementation of the
               present resolution, in particular with regard to progress towards achievement of key
               tasks of UNMISET’s mandate, and in that regard, requests the Secretary-General to
               submit a report within three months of the date of adoption of the present resolution
               and every three months thereafter, with recommendations for any modifications such
               progress might allow to size, composition and tasks of UNMISET, with a view to
               completing its mandate by 20 May 2005;
                     7.   Requests the Secretary-General to include in his reporting requested
               under OP6 above, recommendations on tasks and configuration of police and
               military components for Security Council review in November 2004;
                     8.   Reaffirms the need to fight against impunity and the importance for the
               international community to lend its support in this regard and emphasizes that the

2

                                                                                S/RES/1543 (2004)

Serious Crime Unit should complete all investigations by November 2004, and
should conclude trials and other activities as soon as possible and no later than 20
May 2005;
      9.   Underlines that further United Nations assistance to Timor-Leste should
be coordinated with the efforts of bilateral and multilateral donors, regional
mechanisms, non-governmental organizations, private sector entities and other
actors from within the international community;
      10. Urges the donor community as well as the United Nations agencies,
funds and programmes and multilateral financial institutions to continue providing
essential resources and assistance for the implementation of projects towards
sustainable and long-term development in Timor-Leste;
     11.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

                                                                                3

Security Council resolution 1543 (2004) [on extension of the mandate of UN Mission of Support in East Timor (UNMISET)]

S/59 [180] TIMOR-LESTE SITUATION
S/59 [178] UN MISSION OF SUPPORT IN EAST TIMOR

UN Mission of Support in East Timor|UN Mission of Support in East Timor > Terms of reference|UN Mission of Support in East Timor. International Response Unit|UN Mission of Support in East Timor. Serious Crime Unit|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|HUMAN RIGHTS|TIMOR-LESTE|EAST TIMOR SITUATION|PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION|JUDICIAL SYSTEM|LAW ENFORCEMENT|DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE|CIVILIAN PERSONS|MILITARY PERSONNEL|ADVISORY SERVICES|CAPACITY BUILDING|REPORT PREPARATION|RECOMMENDATIONS|POLICE|IMPUNITY|TRIALS|COORDINATION WITHIN UN SYSTEM|DONOR COUNTRIES|PRINCIPLES|CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION|FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE


               United Nations                                                                       S/RES/1544 (2004)
               Security Council                                                   Distr.: General
                                                                                19 May 2004

               Resolution 1544 (2004)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 4972nd meeting,
               on 19 May 2004

                       The Security Council,
                    Reaffirming its previous resolutions 242 (1967), 338 (1973), 446 (1979), 1322
               (2000), 1397 (2002), 1402 (2002), 1403 (2002), 1405 (2002), 1435 (2002), and 1515
               (2003),
                    Reiterating the obligation of Israel, the occupying Power, to abide
               scrupulously by its legal obligations and responsibilities under the Fourth Geneva
               Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War of
               12 August 1949,
                     Calling on Israel to address its security needs within the boundaries of
               international law,
                     Expressing its grave concern at the continued deterioration of the situation on
               the ground in the territory occupied by Israel since 1967,
                       Condemning the killing of Palestinian civilians that took place in the Rafah
               area,
                    Gravely concerned by the recent demolition of homes committed by Israel, the
               occupying Power, in the Rafah refugee camp,
                     Recalling the obligations of the Palestinian Authority and the Government of
               Israel under the Road Map,
                       Condemning all acts of violence, terror and destruction,
                    Reaffirming its support for the Road Map, endorsed in its resolution 1515
               (2003),
                     1.   Calls on Israel to respect its obligations under international humanitarian
               law, and insists, in particular, on its obligation not to undertake demolition of homes
               contrary to that law;
                    2.    Expresses grave concern regarding the humanitarian situation of
               Palestinians made homeless in the Rafah area and calls for the provision of
               emergency assistance to them;

04-35721 (E)
*0435721*

S/RES/1544(2004)

                     3.   Calls for the cessation of violence and for respect of and adherence to
               legal obligations, including those under international humanitarian law;
                    4.   Calls on both parties to immediately implement their obligations under
               the Road Map;
                    5.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

2

Security Council resolution 1544 (2004) [on the humanitarian situation of Palestinians made homeless in the Rafah refugee camp]

S/59 [50] PALESTINE QUESTION
S/59 [53] TERRITORIES OCCUPIED BY ISRAEL
S/59 [54] MIDDLE EAST SITUATION

Road Map to a Permanent Two-State Solution to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict|Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949)|ARMED INCIDENTS|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|GAZA STRIP|ISRAEL|TERRITORIES OCCUPIED BY ISRAEL|DESTRUCTION OF PROPERTY|REFUGEE CAMPS|INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS|HUMANITARIAN EMERGENCIES|PALESTINE QUESTION|MIDDLE EAST SITUATION|PALESTINIANS|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/1545 (2004)
               Security Council                                               Distr.: General
                                                                              21 May 2004

               Resolution 1545 (2004)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 4975th meeting, on
               21 May 2004

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions as well as the statements of its President on
               Burundi, in particular its resolution 1375 (2001) of 29 October 2001 and the
               statements of its President on 18 December 2002 (S/PRST/2002/40) and 23
               December 2003 (S/PRST/2003/30),
                    Reaffirming its strong commitment to the respect of the sovereignty,
               independence, territorial integrity and unity of Burundi, and recalling the
               importance of the principles of good-neighbourliness and non-interference, and of
               regional cooperation,
                     Reaffirming also its full support for the process of the Arusha Peace and
               Reconciliation Agreement for Burundi, signed at Arusha on 28 August 2000
               (hereafter “the Arusha Agreement”), calling on all the Burundian parties to fully
               honour their commitments, and assuring them of its determination to support their
               efforts to that end,
                    Encouraging in particular the transitional institutions of Burundi to enact
               without delay the laws and regulations required for the organization of the electoral
               process under the Arusha Agreement, so that this process can take place before the
               expiration of the transitional period on 31 October 2004,
                    Taking note with satisfaction of the ceasefire agreements signed on 7 October
               2002 by the transitional Government with Mr. Jean-Bosco Ndayikengurukiye’s
               Forces pour la défense de la démocratie (CNDD-FDD) and Mr. Alain
               Mugabarabona’s Forces nationales de libération (Palipehutu-FNL) as well as the
               comprehensive ceasefire agreement signed on 16 November 2003 in Dar-es-Salaam
               between the transitional Government and Mr. Pierre Nkurunziza’s CNDD-FDD,
                    Reiterating its concern at the continuing hostilities in certain parts of the
               country, underlining that there cannot be a military solution to Burundi’s problems,
               urging all the parties to observe an immediate ceasefire, and stressing the
               importance attached to Mr. Agathon Rwasa’s Palipehutu-FNL, the last armed
               movement that has still not done so, in participating in the peace process of the
               Arusha Agreement,

04-35989 (E)
*0435989*

S/RES/1545 (2004)

                     Taking note in this regard of the talks which were started between the
               President of the Republic of Burundi, Mr. Domitien Ndayizeyé, and this armed
               movement at the meeting of 18 to 21 January 2004, at Oisterwijk in the Netherlands,
               as well as the congress held in Kigoma, Tanzania, from 18 to 21 April 2004, by
               Mr. Rwasa’s Palipehutu-FNL, and urging the latter to conclude an agreement with
               the transitional Government without delay with a view to a complete cessation of
               hostilities and its participation in the transitional institutions,
                     Condemning all acts of violence, as well as human rights and international
               humanitarian law violations, and particularly concerned by the increasing incidents
               of rapes, including mass rapes,
                     Reaffirming its determination to support the efforts of Burundians to bring the
               perpetrators of such acts and violations to justice on the basis of the rule of law, in
               order to put an end to situations of impunity, and calling upon the parties and
               transitional authorities to take without delay all necessary measures to that end,
                     Expressing its concern at the tragic humanitarian situation of a large majority
               of the Burundian population, recalling that all the parties are responsible for the
               security of the civilian populations, and recalling in particular in this regard its
               resolutions 1325 (2000) on women, peace and security, 1379 (2001), 1460 (2003)
               and 1539 (2004) on children in armed conflict, and 1265 (1999) and 1296 (2000) on
               the protection of civilians in armed conflict,
                     Taking note of the progress achieved in preparing the disarmament,
               demobilization and reintegration programme for the combatants, calling on the
               parties to firmly commit themselves to that programme without delay, and
               encouraging the international financial institutions and donors to support the
               programme,
                     Expressing its concern at the deteriorating economic situation in Burundi in
               the context of the conflict, and recognizing that any improvement in security should
               be matched by tangible economic and social benefits for the population,
                     Considering that the voluntary and sustainable return of refugees and
               internally displaced persons will be a critical factor for the consolidation of the
               peace process, and will require a just solution of the issue of land ownership,
                    Welcoming the conclusions of the Forum of Development Partners for Burundi,
               which was held in Brussels on 13 and 14 January 2004, and calling on donors to
               honour their pledges,
                     Paying tribute to the efforts made by the African Union as well as by the
               States who are members of the Regional Initiative, especially Uganda and the
               United Republic of Tanzania, and the Facilitation, in particular South Africa, to
               bring peace to Burundi, and encouraging the African Union to maintain a strong
               presence in Burundi to accompany the efforts of the Burundian parties, as specified
               in the Arusha Agreement and subsequent agreements,
                     Welcoming the efforts of the African Mission in Burundi (AMIB) and the
               contingents from South Africa, Ethiopia and Mozambique which make it up, as well
               as the Member States which have assisted AMIB in its deployment,

2

                                                                                S/RES/1545 (2004)

      Encouraging the efforts being undertaken to train a joint Burundian protection
unit to ensure continuing security of the leaders of the transitional institutions, and
underlining the need for this unit to be operational as soon as possible,
      Taking note of the statements made before the Council by the President of the
Republic of Burundi on 22 September 2003, and by the Deputy President of the
Republic of South Africa, Mr. Jacob Zuma, on 4 December 2003, in favour of
transforming AMIB into a United Nations peacekeeping operation, and taking note
also in that regard of the letter dated 15 March 2004 addressed by Mr. Thérence
Sinunguruza, Minister of External Relations and Cooperation of Burundi, to the
President of the Security Council (S/2004/208), as well as the letter dated 17 March
2004 addressed by the Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union,
Mr. Alpha Omar Konaré, to the Secretary-General,
       Aware of the difficulty of sustaining stability in Burundi unless peace is
restored beyond its borders, in particular in the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
and underlining how important it is for all the States concerned, especially those of
the region, to cooperate towards that end, and for the United Nations to coordinate
its efforts in the two countries,
    Having considered the report of the Secretary-General on Burundi dated 16
March 2004 (S/2004/210),
     Welcoming with satisfaction and encouraging the efforts of the United Nations
Organization to enhance the awareness of peacekeeping personnel on the need to
prevent and combat HIV/AIDS and other communicable diseases,
      Noting that obstacles remain to Burundi’s stability, and determining that the
situation in this country continues to constitute a threat to international peace and
security in the region,
     Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
    1.    Welcomes the recommendations contained in the report of the Secretary-General on Burundi dated 16 March 2004;
      2.    Decides to authorize, for an initial period of six months as from 1 June
2004, with the intention to renew it for further periods, the deployment of a
peacekeeping operation in Burundi entitled United Nations Operation in Burundi
(the acronym ONUB being used in all languages), pursuant to the mandate specified
in paragraphs 5 to 7 hereafter, in order to support and help to implement the efforts
undertaken by Burundians to restore lasting peace and bring about national
reconciliation, as provided under the Arusha Agreement;
     3.    Decides that ONUB will be headed by the Special Representative of the
Secretary-General, who chairs the Implementation Monitoring Committee for the
Arusha Agreement, and will initially be composed of existing AMIB forces, and
requests therefore the Secretary-General, acting in liaison with the African Union, to
ensure the transfer of authority over AMIB, within ONUB’s framework, to his
Special Representative for Burundi;
     4.    Decides further that ONUB shall consist of a maximum of 5,650 military
personnel, including 200 observers and 125 staff officers, up to 120 civilian police
personnel, as well as the appropriate civilian personnel;

                                                                                3

S/RES/1545 (2004)

                    5.    Authorizes ONUB to use all necessary means to carry out the following
               mandate, within its capacity and in the areas where its armed units are deployed, and
               in coordination with humanitarian and development communities:
                    – to ensure the respect of ceasefire agreements, through monitoring their
                      implementation and investigating their violations,
                    – to promote the re-establishment of confidence between the Burundian forces
                      present, monitor and provide security at their pre-disarmament assembly sites,
                      collect and secure weapons and military materiel to dispose of it as
                      appropriate, and contribute to the dismantling of militias as called for in the
                      ceasefire agreements,
                    – to carry out the disarmament and demobilization portions of the national
                      programme of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of combatants,
                    – to monitor the quartering of the Armed Forces of Burundi and their heavy
                      weapons, as well as the disarmament and demobilization of the elements that
                      need to be disarmed and demobilized,
                    – to monitor, to the extent possible, the illegal flow of arms across the national
                      borders, including Lake Tanganyika, in cooperation with the United Nations
                      Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC)
                      and, as appropriate, with the group of experts referred to in paragraph 10 of
                      resolution 1533,
                    – to contribute to the creation of the necessary security conditions for the
                      provision of humanitarian assistance, and facilitate the voluntary return of
                      refugees and internally displaced persons,
                    – to contribute to the successful completion of the electoral process stipulated in
                      the Arusha Agreement, by ensuring a secure environment for free, transparent
                      and peaceful elections to take place,
                    – without prejudice to the responsibility of the transitional Government of
                      Burundi, to protect civilians under imminent threat of physical violence,
                    – to ensure the protection of United Nations personnel, facilities, installations
                      and equipment, as well as the security and freedom of movement of ONUB’s
                      personnel, and to coordinate and conduct, as appropriate, mine action activities
                      in support of its mandate;
                     6.    Decides that ONUB shall provide advice and assistance, within its
               capacity and subject to carrying out tasks stipulated in paragraph 5 above, to the
               transitional Government and authorities to contribute to their efforts:
                    – to monitor Burundi’s borders, with special attention to refugees, as well as to
                      movements of combatants, especially in the Cibitoké province,
                    – to carry out institutional reforms as well as the constitution of the integrated
                      national defence and internal security forces and, in particular, the training and
                      monitoring of the police, while ensuring that they are democratic and fully
                      respect human rights and fundamental freedoms,
                    – to proceed with electoral activities,

4

                                                                                S/RES/1545 (2004)

   – to complete implementation of the reform of the judiciary and correction
     system, in accordance with the Arusha Agreement,
   – to ensure, in close liaison with the Office of the High Commissioner for
     Human Rights, the promotion and protection of human rights, with particular
     attention to women, children and vulnerable persons, and investigate human
     rights violations to put an end to impunity;
     7.    Decides further that ONUB shall cooperate with the Government and
authorities of Burundi, as well as their international partners, to ensure the
coherence of their work, in assistance to the Government and authorities of Burundi
in:
   – extending State authority and utilities throughout the territory, including
     civilian police and judicial institutions,
   – carrying out the national programme of disarmament, demobilization and
     reintegration of combatants and members of their families, including those
     coming from the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in liaison
     with the Government of this country and MONUC, and with particular
     attention to the specific needs of women and children;
      8.    Requests the Secretary-General, through his Special Representative for
Burundi, to conduct all the activities of the United Nations system in Burundi and to
facilitate the coordination with other national, regional and international actors, in
particular the African Union, of activities in support of the transition process, while
ensuring that ONUB’s personnel give special attention to issues related to gender
equality, as well as to the specific needs of children;
      9.   Requests further the Secretary-General to conclude agreements with
States neighbouring Burundi to enable ONUB forces to cross their respective
borders in pursuit of armed combatants, as may be necessary while carrying out
their mandate;
     10. Requests the transitional Government of Burundi to conclude a status-offorces agreement for ONUB with the Secretary-General within thirty days of the
adoption of this resolution, taking into consideration General Assembly resolution
58/82 on the scope of legal protections under the Convention on the Safety of
United Nations and Associated Personnel, and notes that, pending the conclusion of
such an agreement, the model status-of-forces agreement for peacekeeping
operations of 9 October 1990 (A/45/594) shall apply provisionally;
     11. Requests all parties to cooperate fully with the deployment and
operations of ONUB, in particular by ensuring the safety and freedom of movement
of United Nations and associated personnel, as well as the personnel of
humanitarian, development and aid organizations, throughout the territory of
Burundi;
      12. Recalling its resolution 1502 of 26 August 2003, reaffirms the obligation
of all parties to comply fully with the rules and principles of international
humanitarian law applicable to them related to the protection of humanitarian and
United Nations personnel, and also urges all those concerned to allow full
unimpeded access by humanitarian personnel to all people in need of assistance as
set forth in applicable international humanitarian law;

                                                                                5

S/RES/1545 (2004)

                     13. Requests all parties and concerned States to facilitate the voluntary, safe
               and sustainable return of refugees and internally displaced persons, and to cooperate
               fully to this end with ONUB and the relevant international organizations;
                    14. Underlines the need for ONUB to have at its disposal an effective public
               information capacity, including through local and national radio, television and
               newspaper channels, to promote understanding of the peace process and the role of
               ONUB among local communities and the parties;
                     15. Stresses the importance of the full and unconditional implementation of
               the Arusha Agreement, and demands that all parties fulfil their obligations under
               this agreement, in order to allow the electoral process, in particular the legislative
               elections, to take place before 31 October 2004;
                     16. Reaffirms the need for all parties to complete in a timely manner the
               execution of the programme for regrouping and cantonment of combatants, and to
               begin implementing as soon as possible the programme to dismantle all armed
               groups, including the militias, and the disarmament, demobilization and
               reintegration programme, giving particular attention to the specific need of women
               and children, and to proceed as well in parallel with the restructuring of the armed
               forces and the internal security forces;
                    17. Reaffirms also the continued need to promote peace and national
               reconciliation and to foster accountability and respect for human rights in Burundi,
               and urges the Government of Burundi, specialized agencies, other multilateral
               organizations, civil society and Member States to accelerate their efforts to establish
               the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, as provided for in the Arusha Agreement;
                     18. Expresses its deep concern over the illicit flow of arms provided to
               armed groups and movements, in particular those which are not parties to the peace
               process under the Arusha Agreement, calls upon all States to halt such flow without
               prejudice to the Burundian national army and police forces whose integration is in
               progress, and expresses its intention to consider this issue further as soon as possible
               after the deployment of ONUB;
                     19. Urges the international financial institutions and the donor community to
               continue to contribute to the economic development of Burundi, in particular for the
               long term, including through the realization of pledges already made, to enable that
               country to achieve sustainable stability, and in order also to contribute to the wider
               stability of the region;
                     20. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure that his Special Representatives
               for Burundi and for the Democratic Republic of the Congo coordinate the activities
               of ONUB and MONUC, share military information at their disposal, in particular
               concerning cross-border movements of armed elements and arms trafficking, and
               pool their logistic and administrative resources, to an extent that does not affect the
               ability to carry out their respective mandates, in order to maximize efficiency and
               cost-effectiveness;
                    21. Decides that ONUB shall carry out its mandate in close cooperation with
               MONUC, in particular concerning monitoring and prevention of movements of
               combatants across the border between Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the
               Congo, as well as the implementation of the disarmament and demobilization
               programmes;

6

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      22. Requests the Secretary-General to keep it informed on a regular basis of
developments in the situation in Burundi, the implementation of the Arusha
Agreement and the execution of ONUB’s mandate and to submit a report on these
developments every three months, including an evaluation of the strength of the
military component, with a view to its adjusted reduction, taking account of the
progress made on the ground and the tasks remaining to be accomplished;
     23.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

                                                                                7

Security Council resolution 1545 (2004) [on establishment of the UN Operation in Burundi (ONUB)]

UN Operation in Burundi > Establishment|UN Operation in Burundi > Terms of reference|UN. Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Head of the United Nations Office in Burundi|African Mission in Burundi|African Union|UN Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|National Truth and Reconciliation Commission (Burundi)|UN. Special Representative of the Secretary-General for the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Arusha Peace and Reconciliation Agreement for Burundi (2000)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|ELECTIONS|HUMAN RIGHTS|PEACEMAKING|BURUNDI|BURUNDI SITUATION|MILITARY PERSONNEL|CIVILIAN PERSONS|POLICE|COORDINATION WITHIN UN SYSTEM|BORDER TRAFFIC|FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT|NEIGHBOURING STATES|STAFF SECURITY|RELIEF PERSONNEL|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|REPATRIATION|BURUNDIAN REFUGEES|DISPLACED PERSONS|PUBLIC INFORMATION|INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS|MILITARY DEMOBILIZATION|DISARMAMENT|SOCIAL INTEGRATION|ILLICIT ARMS TRAFFICKING|INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS|DONOR COUNTRIES|DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE|COST EFFECTIVENESS|PERIODIC REPORTS

Burundi|Congo, The Democratic Republic of the|Congo|Ethiopia|Mozambique|Netherlands|Tanzania, United Republic of|Uganda|South Africa


               United Nations                                                                          S/RES/1546 (2004)
               Security Council                                                      Distr.: General
                                                                                8 June 2004

               Resolution 1546 (2004)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 4987th meeting, on
               8 June 2004

                       The Security Council,
                    Welcoming the beginning of a new phase in Iraq’s transition to a
               democratically elected government, and looking forward to the end of the
               occupation and the assumption of full responsibility and authority by a fully
               sovereign and independent Interim Government of Iraq by 30 June 2004,
                       Recalling all of its previous relevant resolutions on Iraq,
                       Reaffirming the independence, sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity of
               Iraq,
                     Reaffirming also the right of the Iraqi people freely to determine their own
               political future and control their own natural resources,
                    Recognizing the importance of international support, particularly that of
               countries in the region, Iraq’s neighbours, and regional organizations, for the people
               of Iraq in their efforts to achieve security and prosperity, and noting that the
               successful implementation of this resolution will contribute to regional stability,
                     Welcoming the efforts of the Special Adviser to the Secretary-General to assist
               the people of Iraq in achieving the formation of the Interim Government of Iraq, as
               set out in the letter of the Secretary-General of 7 June 2004 (S/2004/461),
                     Taking note of the dissolution of the Governing Council of Iraq, and
               welcoming the progress made in implementing the arrangements for Iraq’s political
               transition referred to in resolution 1511 (2003) of 16 October 2003,
                    Welcoming the commitment of the Interim Government of Iraq to work
               towards a federal, democratic, pluralist, and unified Iraq, in which there is full
               respect for political and human rights,
                     Stressing the need for all parties to respect and protect Iraq’s archaeological,
               historical, cultural, and religious heritage,
                    Affirming the importance of the rule of law, national reconciliation, respect for
               human rights including the rights of women, fundamental freedoms, and democracy
               including free and fair elections,

04-38116 (E)
*0438116*

S/RES/1546 (2004)

                     Recalling the establishment of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq
               (UNAMI) on 14 August 2003, and affirming that the United Nations should play a
               leading role in assisting the Iraqi people and government in the formation of
               institutions for representative government,
                     Recognizing that international support for restoration of stability and security
               is essential to the well-being of the people of Iraq as well as to the ability of all
               concerned to carry out their work on behalf of the people of Iraq, and welcoming
               Member State contributions in this regard under resolution 1483 (2003) of 22 May
               2003 and resolution 1511 (2003),
                    Recalling the report provided by the United States to the Security Council on
               16 April 2004 on the efforts and progress made by the multinational force,
                    Recognizing the request conveyed in the letter of 5 June 2004 from the Prime
               Minister of the Interim Government of Iraq to the President of the Council, which is
               annexed to this resolution, to retain the presence of the multinational force,
                     Recognizing also the importance of the consent of the sovereign Government
               of Iraq for the presence of the multinational force and of close coordination between
               the multinational force and that government,
                     Welcoming the willingness of the multinational force to continue efforts to
               contribute to the maintenance of security and stability in Iraq in support of the
               political transition, especially for upcoming elections, and to provide security for the
               United Nations presence in Iraq, as described in the letter of 5 June 2004 from the
               United States Secretary of State to the President of the Council, which is annexed to
               this resolution,
                     Noting the commitment of all forces promoting the maintenance of security
               and stability in Iraq to act in accordance with international law, including
               obligations under international humanitarian law, and to cooperate with relevant
               international organizations,
                    Affirming the importance of international assistance in reconstruction and
               development of the Iraqi economy,
                     Recognizing the benefits to Iraq of the immunities and privileges enjoyed by
               Iraqi oil revenues and by the Development Fund for Iraq, and noting the importance
               of providing for continued disbursements of this fund by the Interim Government of
               Iraq and its successors upon dissolution of the Coalition Provisional Authority,
                     Determining that the situation in Iraq continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.   Endorses the formation of a sovereign Interim Government of Iraq, as
               presented on 1 June 2004, which will assume full responsibility and authority by
               30 June 2004 for governing Iraq while refraining from taking any actions affecting
               Iraq’s destiny beyond the limited interim period until an elected Transitional
               Government of Iraq assumes office as envisaged in paragraph four below;
                    2.    Welcomes that, also by 30 June 2004, the occupation will end and the
               Coalition Provisional Authority will cease to exist, and that Iraq will reassert its full
               sovereignty;

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                                                                                S/RES/1546 (2004)

      3.    Reaffirms the right of the Iraqi people freely to determine their own
political future and to exercise full authority and control over their financial and
natural resources;
    4.    Endorses the proposed timetable for Iraq’s political transition to
democratic government including:
     (a) formation of the sovereign Interim Government of Iraq that will assume
governing responsibility and authority by 30 June 2004;
      (b) convening of a national conference reflecting the diversity of Iraqi
society; and
      (c) holding of direct democratic elections by 31 December 2004 if possible,
and in no case later than 31 January 2005, to a Transitional National Assembly,
which will, inter alia, have responsibility for forming a Transitional Government of
Iraq and drafting a permanent constitution for Iraq leading to a constitutionally
elected government by 31 December 2005;
      5.   Invites the Government of Iraq to consider how the convening of an
international meeting could support the above process, and notes that it would
welcome such a meeting to support the Iraqi political transition and Iraqi recovery,
to the benefit of the Iraqi people and in the interest of stability in the region;
     6.    Calls on all Iraqis to implement these arrangements peaceably and in full,
and on all States and relevant organizations to support such implementation;
      7.    Decides that in implementing, as circumstances permit, their mandate to
assist the Iraqi people and government, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI), as requested
by the Government of Iraq, shall:
     (a)   play a leading role to:
     (i) assist in the convening, during the month of July 2004, of a national
     conference to select a Consultative Council;
     (ii) advise and support the Independent Electoral Commission of Iraq, as
     well as the Interim Government of Iraq and the Transitional National
     Assembly, on the process for holding elections;
     (iii) promote national dialogue and consensus-building on the drafting of a
     national constitution by the people of Iraq;
     (b)   and also:
     (i) advise the Government of Iraq in the development of effective civil and
     social services;
     (ii) contribute to the coordination and          delivery   of   reconstruction,
     development, and humanitarian assistance;
     (iii) promote the protection of human rights, national reconciliation, and
     judicial and legal reform in order to strengthen the rule of law in Iraq; and
     (iv) advise and assist the Government of Iraq on initial planning for the
     eventual conduct of a comprehensive census;

                                                                                3

S/RES/1546 (2004)

                     8.    Welcomes ongoing efforts by the incoming Interim Government of Iraq to
               develop Iraqi security forces including the Iraqi armed forces (hereinafter referred to
               as “Iraqi security forces”), operating under the authority of the Interim Government
               of Iraq and its successors, which will progressively play a greater role and
               ultimately assume full responsibility for the maintenance of security and stability in
               Iraq;
                     9.   Notes that the presence of the multinational force in Iraq is at the request
               of the incoming Interim Government of Iraq and therefore reaffirms the
               authorization for the multinational force under unified command established under
               resolution 1511 (2003), having regard to the letters annexed to this resolution;
                     10. Decides that the multinational force shall have the authority to take all
               necessary measures to contribute to the maintenance of security and stability in Iraq
               in accordance with the letters annexed to this resolution expressing, inter alia, the
               Iraqi request for the continued presence of the multinational force and setting out its
               tasks, including by preventing and deterring terrorism, so that, inter alia, the United
               Nations can fulfil its role in assisting the Iraqi people as outlined in paragraph seven
               above and the Iraqi people can implement freely and without intimidation the
               timetable and programme for the political process and benefit from reconstruction
               and rehabilitation activities;
                     11. Welcomes, in this regard, the letters annexed to this resolution stating,
               inter alia, that arrangements are being put in place to establish a security partnership
               between the sovereign Government of Iraq and the multinational force and to ensure
               coordination between the two, and notes also in this regard that Iraqi security forces
               are responsible to appropriate Iraqi ministers, that the Government of Iraq has
               authority to commit Iraqi security forces to the multinational force to engage in
               operations with it, and that the security structures described in the letters will serve
               as the fora for the Government of Iraq and the multinational force to reach
               agreement on the full range of fundamental security and policy issues, including
               policy on sensitive offensive operations, and will ensure full partnership between
               Iraqi security forces and the multinational force, through close coordination and
               consultation;
                     12. Decides further that the mandate for the multinational force shall be
               reviewed at the request of the Government of Iraq or twelve months from the date of
               this resolution, and that this mandate shall expire upon the completion of the
               political process set out in paragraph four above, and declares that it will terminate
               this mandate earlier if requested by the Government of Iraq;
                    13. Notes the intention, set out in the annexed letter from the United States
               Secretary of State, to create a distinct entity under unified command of the
               multinational force with a dedicated mission to provide security for the United
               Nations presence in Iraq, recognizes that the implementation of measures to provide
               security for staff members of the United Nations system working in Iraq would
               require significant resources, and calls upon Member States and relevant
               organizations to provide such resources, including contributions to that entity;
                     14. Recognizes that the multinational force will also assist in building the
               capability of the Iraqi security forces and institutions, through a programme of
               recruitment, training, equipping, mentoring, and monitoring;

4

                                                                                S/RES/1546 (2004)

      15. Requests Member States and international and regional organizations to
contribute assistance to the multinational force, including military forces, as agreed
with the Government of Iraq, to help meet the needs of the Iraqi people for security
and stability, humanitarian and reconstruction assistance, and to support the efforts
of UNAMI;
      16. Emphasizes the importance of developing effective Iraqi police, border
enforcement, and the Facilities Protection Service, under the control of the Interior
Ministry of Iraq, and, in the case of the Facilities Protection Service, other Iraqi
ministries, for the maintenance of law, order, and security, including combating
terrorism, and requests Member States and international organizations to assist the
Government of Iraq in building the capability of these Iraqi institutions;
      17. Condemns all acts of terrorism in Iraq, reaffirms the obligations of
Member States under resolutions 1373 (2001) of 28 September 2001, 1267 (1999) of
15 October 1999, 1333 (2000) of 19 December 2000, 1390 (2002) of 16 January
2002, 1455 (2003) of 17 January 2003, and 1526 (2004) of 30 January 2004, and
other relevant international obligations with respect, inter alia, to terrorist activities
in and from Iraq or against its citizens, and specifically reiterates its call upon
Member States to prevent the transit of terrorists to and from Iraq, arms for
terrorists, and financing that would support terrorists, and re-emphasizes the
importance of strengthening the cooperation of the countries of the region,
particularly neighbours of Iraq, in this regard;
      18. Recognizes that the Interim Government of Iraq will assume the primary
role in coordinating international assistance to Iraq;
     19. Welcomes efforts by Member States and international organizations to
respond in support of requests by the Interim Government of Iraq to provide
technical and expert assistance while Iraq is rebuilding administrative capacity;
      20. Reiterates its request that Member States, international financial
institutions and other organizations strengthen their efforts to assist the people of
Iraq in the reconstruction and development of the Iraqi economy, including by
providing international experts and necessary resources through a coordinated
programme of donor assistance;
     21. Decides that the prohibitions related to the sale or supply to Iraq of arms
and related materiel under previous resolutions shall not apply to arms or related
materiel required by the Government of Iraq or the multinational force to serve the
purposes of this resolution, stresses the importance for all States to abide strictly by
them, and notes the significance of Iraq’s neighbours in this regard, and calls upon
the Government of Iraq and the multinational force each to ensure that appropriate
implementation procedures are in place;
      22. Notes that nothing in the preceding paragraph affects the prohibitions on
or obligations of States related to items specified in paragraphs 8 and 12 of
resolution 687 (1991) of 3 April 1991 or activities described in paragraph 3 (f) of
resolution 707 (1991) of 15 August 1991, and reaffirms its intention to revisit the
mandates of the United Nations Monitoring, Verification, and Inspection
Commission and the International Atomic Energy Agency;

                                                                                5

S/RES/1546 (2004)

                     23. Calls on Member States and international organizations to respond to
               Iraqi requests to assist Iraqi efforts to integrate Iraqi veterans and former militia
               members into Iraqi society;
                     24. Notes that, upon dissolution of the Coalition Provisional Authority, the
               funds in the Development Fund for Iraq shall be disbursed solely at the direction of
               the Government of Iraq, and decides that the Development Fund for Iraq shall be
               utilized in a transparent and equitable manner and through the Iraqi budget including
               to satisfy outstanding obligations against the Development Fund for Iraq, that the
               arrangements for the depositing of proceeds from export sales of petroleum,
               petroleum products, and natural gas established in paragraph 20 of resolution 1483
               (2003) shall continue to apply, that the International Advisory and Monitoring Board
               shall continue its activities in monitoring the Development Fund for Iraq and shall
               include as an additional full voting member a duly qualified individual designated
               by the Government of Iraq and that appropriate arrangements shall be made for the
               continuation of deposits of the proceeds referred to in paragraph 21 of resolution
               1483 (2003);
                    25. Decides further that the provisions in the above paragraph for the deposit
               of proceeds into the Development Fund for Iraq and for the role of the IAMB shall
               be reviewed at the request of the Transitional Government of Iraq or twelve months
               from the date of this resolution, and shall expire upon the completion of the political
               process set out in paragraph four above;
                     26. Decides that, in connection with the dissolution of the Coalition
               Provisional Authority, the Interim Government of Iraq and its successors shall
               assume the rights, responsibilities and obligations relating to the Oil-for-Food
               Programme that were transferred to the Authority, including all operational
               responsibility for the Programme and any obligations undertaken by the Authority in
               connection with such responsibility, and responsibility for ensuring independently
               authenticated confirmation that goods have been delivered, and further decides that,
               following a 120-day transition period from the date of adoption of this resolution,
               the Interim Government of Iraq and its successors shall assume responsibility for
               certifying delivery of goods under previously prioritized contracts, and that such
               certification shall be deemed to constitute the independent authentication required
               for the release of funds associated with such contracts, consulting as appropriate to
               ensure the smooth implementation of these arrangements;
                     27. Further decides that the provisions of paragraph 22 of resolution 1483
               (2003) shall continue to apply, except that the privileges and immunities provided in
               that paragraph shall not apply with respect to any final judgement arising out of a
               contractual obligation entered into by Iraq after 30 June 2004;
                     28. Welcomes the commitments of many creditors, including those of the
               Paris Club, to identify ways to reduce substantially Iraq’s sovereign debt, calls on
               Member States, as well as internationa1 and regional organizations, to support the
               Iraq reconstruction effort, urges the international financial institutions and bilateral
               donors to take the immediate steps necessary to provide their full range of loans and
               other financial assistance and arrangements to Iraq, recognizes that the Interim
               Government of Iraq will have the authority to conclude and implement such
               agreements and other arrangements as may be necessary in this regard, and requests
               creditors, institutions and donors to work as a priority on these matters with the
               Interim Government of Iraq and its successors;

6

                                                                                S/RES/1546 (2004)

      29. Recalls the continuing obligations of Member States to freeze and
transfer certain funds, assets, and economic resources to the Development Fund for
Iraq in accordance with paragraphs 19 and 23 of resolution 1483 (2003) and with
resolution 1518 (2003) of 24 November 2003;
      30. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Council within three
months from the date of this resolution on UNAMI operations in Iraq, and on a
quarterly basis thereafter on the progress made towards national elections and
fulfilment of all UNAMI’s responsibilities;
      31. Requests that the United States, on behalf of the multinational force,
report to the Council within three months from the date of this resolution on the
efforts and progress of this force, and on a quarterly basis thereafter;
     32.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

                                                                                7

S/RES/1546 (2004)

Annex
               Text of letters from the Prime Minister of the Interim
               Government of Iraq Dr. Ayad Allawi and United States
               Secretary of State Colin L. Powell to the President of
               the Council
                                                                                5 June 2004

               Republic of Iraq
               Prime Minister Office
               Excellency:
                     On my appointment as Prime Minister of the Interim Government of Iraq, I am
               writing to express the commitment of the people of Iraq to complete the political
               transition process to establish a free, and democratic Iraq and to be a partner in
               preventing and combating terrorism. As we enter a critical new stage, regain full
               sovereignty and move towards elections, we will need the assistance of the
               international community.
                     The Interim Government of Iraq will make every effort to ensure that these
               elections are fully democratic, free and fair. Security and stability continue to be
               essential to our political transition. There continue, however, to be forces in Iraq,
               including foreign elements, that are opposed to our transition to peace, democracy,
               and security. The Government is determined to overcome these forces, and to
               develop security forces capable of providing adequate security for the Iraqi people.
               Until we are able to provide security for ourselves, including the defence of Iraq’s
               land, sea and air space, we ask for the support of the Security Council and the
               international community in this endeavour. We seek a new resolution on the
               Multinational Force (MNF) mandate to contribute to maintaining security in Iraq,
               including through the tasks and arrangements set out in the letter from Secretary of
               State Colin Powell to the President of the United Nations Security Council. The
               Government requests that the Security Council review the mandate of the MNF at
               the request of the Transitional Government of Iraq, or twelve months from the date
               on which such a resolution is adopted.
                     In order to discharge the Iraqi Government’s responsibility for security, I
               intend to establish appropriate security structures that will allow my Government
               and Iraqi security forces to progressively take on that responsibility. One such
               structure is the Ministerial Committee for National Security, consisting of myself as
               the Chair, the Deputy Prime Minister, and the Minister of Defense, Interior, Foreign
               Affairs, Justice, and Finance. The National Security Advisor, and Director of the
               Iraqi National Intelligence Service will serve as permanent advisory members of the
               committee. This forum will set the broad framework for Iraqi security policy. I
               intend to invite, as appropriate, the MNF commander, his Deputy, or the MNF

               His Excellency
               Mr. Lauro L. Baja, Jr.
               President of the Security Council
               United Nations
               New York, New York

8

                                                                                S/RES/1546 (2004)

Commander’s designative representative, and other appropriate individuals, to
attend and participate as well, and will stand ready to discuss mechanisms of
coordination and cooperation with the MNF. Iraqi armed forces will be responsible
to the Chief of Staff and Minister of Defense. Other security forces (the Iraqi police,
border guards and Facilities Protection Service) will be responsible to the Minister
of the Interior or other government ministers.
      In addition, the relevant ministers and I will develop further mechanisms for
coordination with the MNF. Intend to create with the MNF coordination bodies at
national, regional, and local levels, that will include Iraqi security forces
commanders and civilian leadership, to ensure that Iraqi security forces will
coordinate with the MNF on all security policy and operations issues in order to
achieve unity of command of military operations in which Iraqi forces are engaged
with MNF. In addition, the MNF and Iraqi government leaders will keep each other
informed of their activities, consult regularly to ensure effective allocation and use
of personnel, resources and facilities, will share intelligence, and will refer issues up
the respective chains of command where necessary, Iraqi security forces will take on
progressively greater responsibility as Iraqi capabilities improve.
      The structures I have described in this letter will serve as the fora for the MNF
and the Iraqi government to reach agreement on the full range of fundamental
security and policy issues, including policy on sensitive offensive operations, and
will ensure full partnership between Iraqi forces and the MNF, through close
coordination and consultation. Since these are sensitive issues for a number of
sovereign governments, including Iraq and the United States, they need to be
resolved in the framework of a mutual understanding on our strategic partnership.
We will be working closely with the MNF leadership in the coming weeks to ensure
that we have such an agreed strategic framework.
      We are ready to take sovereign responsibility for governing Iraq by June 30.
We are well aware of the difficulties facing us, and of our responsibilities to the
Iraqi people. The stakes are great, and we need the support of the international
community to succeed. We ask the Security Council to help us by acting now to
adopt a Security Council resolution giving us necessary support.
      I understand that the Co-sponsors intend to annex this letter to the resolution
on Iraq under consideration. In the meantime, I request that you provide copies of
this letter to members of the Council as quickly as possible.

                                                              (Signed) Dr. Ayad Allawi

                                                                                9

S/RES/1546 (2004)

               The Secretary of State
               Washington

                                                                                5 June 2004

               Excellency:
                     Recognizing the request of the government of Iraq for the continued presence
               of the Multi-National Force (MNF) in Iraq, and following consultations with Prime
               Minister Ayad Allawi of the Iraqi Interim Government, I am writing to confirm that
               the MNF under unified command is prepared to continue to contribute to the
               maintenance of security in Iraq, including by preventing and deterring terrorism and
               protecting the territory of Iraq. The goal of the MNF will be to help the Iraqi people
               to complete the political transition and will permit the United Nations and the
               international community to work to facilitate Iraq’s reconstruction.
                     The ability of the Iraqi people to achieve their goals will be heavily influenced
               by the security situation in Iraq. As recent events have demonstrated, continuing
               attacks by insurgents, including former regime elements, foreign fighters, and illegal
               militias challenge all those who are working for a better Iraq.
                     Development of an effective and cooperative security partnership between the
               MNF and the sovereign Government of Iraq is critical to the stability of Iraq. The
               commander of the MNF will work in partnership with the sovereign Government of
               Iraq in helping to provide security while recognizing and respecting its sovereignty.
               To that end, the MNF stands ready to participate in discussions of the Ministerial
               Committee for National Security on the broad framework of security policy, as
               referred to in the letter from Prime Minister of the Interim Government of Iraq
               Allawi dated June 5, 2004. On the implementation of this policy, recognizing that
               Iraqi security forces are responsible to the appropriate Iraqi ministers, the MNF will
               coordinate with Iraqi security forces at all levels — national, regional, and local —
               in order to achieve unity of command of military operations in which Iraqi forces
               are engaged with the MNF. In addition, the MNF and the Iraqi government leaders
               will keep each other informed of their activities, consult regularly to ensure effective
               allocation and use of personnel, resources, and facilities, will share intelligence, and
               will refer issues up the respective chains of command where necessary. We will
               work in the fora described by Prime Minister Allawi in his
               June 5 letter to reach agreement on the full range of fundamental security and policy
               issues, including policy on sensitive offensive operations, and will ensure full
               partnership between MNF and Iraqi forces, through close coordination and
               consultation.

               His Excellency
               Mr. Lauro L. Baja, Jr.
               President of the Security Council
               United Nations
               New York, New York

10

                                                                                S/RES/1546 (2004)

      Under the agreed arrangement, the MNF stands ready to continue to undertake
a broad range of tasks to contribute to the maintenance of security and to ensure
force protection. These include activities necessary to counter ongoing security
threats posed by forces seeking to influence Iraq’s political future through violence.
This will include combat operations against members of these groups, internment
where this is necessary for imperative reasons of security, and the continued search
for and securing of weapons that threaten Iraq’s security. A further objective will be
to train and equip Iraqi security forces that will increasingly take responsibility for
maintaining Iraq’s security. The MNF also stands ready as needed to participate in
the provision of humanitarian assistance, civil affairs support, and relief and
reconstruction assistance requested by the Iraqi Interim Government and in line with
previous Security Council Resolutions.
     In addition, the MNF is prepared to establish or support a force within the
MNF to provide for the security of personnel and facilities of the United Nations.
We have consulted closely with UN officials regarding the United Nations’ security
requirements and believe that a brigade-size force will be needed to support the
United Nations’ security effort. This force will be under the command and control of
the MNF commander, and its missions will include static and perimeter security at
UN facilities, and convoy escort duties for the UN mission’s travel requirements.
      In order to continue to contribute to security, the MNF must continue to
function under a framework that affords the force and its personnel the status that
they need to accomplish their mission, and in which the contributing states have
responsibility for exercising jurisdiction over their personnel and which will ensure
arrangements for, and use of assets by, the MNF. The existing framework governing
these matters is sufficient for these purposes. In addition, the forces that make up the
MNF are and will remain committed at all times to act consistently with their
obligations under the law of armed conflict, including the Geneva Conventions.
      The MNF is prepared to continue to pursue its current efforts to assist in
providing a secure environment in which the broader international community is
able to fulfil its important role in facilitating Iraq’s reconstruction. In meeting these
responsibilities in the period ahead, we will act in full recognition of and respect for
Iraqi sovereignty. We look to other member states and international and regional
organizations to assist the people of Iraq and the sovereign Iraqi government in
overcoming the challenges that lie ahead to build a democratic, secure and
prosperous country.
     The co-sponsors intend to annex this letter to the resolution on Iraq under
consideration. In the meantime, I request that you provide copies of this letter to
members of the Council as quickly as possible.

                                                                             Sincerely,
                                                              (Signed) Colin L. Powell

                                                                                11

Security Council resolution 1546 (2004) [on formation of a sovereign Interim Government of Iraq]

S/59 [120] IRAQ-KUWAIT SITUATION
S/59 [124] UN ASSISTANCE MISSION FOR IRAQ

Iraq. Interim Government|Coalition Provisional Authority [in Iraq]|UN. Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Iraq|UN Assistance Mission for Iraq|Iraq. Independent Electoral Commission|Multinational Force in Iraq|Multinational Force in Iraq > Terms of reference|UN Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission|IAEA|UN System|Development Fund for Iraq|Development Fund for Iraq. International Advisory and Monitoring Board|Paris Club|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|INTERIM GOVERNMENTS|SOVEREIGNTY|POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION|SANCTIONS|FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE|IRAQ|IRAQ-KUWAIT SITUATION|MILITARY OCCUPATION|FINANCIAL RESOURCES|NATURAL RESOURCES|CONFERENCES|ELECTIONS|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|CONSTITUTIONS|SOCIAL SERVICES|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|HUMAN RIGHTS|RULE OF LAW|CENSUSES|INTERNAL SECURITY|SECURITY MANAGEMENT|SECURITY AND SAFETY STAFF|TERRORISM|INTIMIDATION|PARTNERSHIP|STAFF SECURITY|RESOURCES MOBILIZATION|CAPACITY BUILDING|INSTITUTION BUILDING|INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS|REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS|POLICE|ILLICIT ARMS TRAFFICKING|NEIGHBOURING STATES|DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE|TECHNICAL COOPERATION|INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS|DONOR COUNTRIES|ARMS EMBARGO|SOCIAL INTEGRATION|VETERANS|FUNDS|DISSOLUTION|GOODS|PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES|CONTRACTS|FROZEN ASSETS|PERIODIC REPORTS|REPORT PREPARATION|UNITED STATES


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/1547 (2004)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               11 June 2004

               Resolution 1547 (2004)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 4988th meeting,
               on 11 June 2004

                    The Security Council,
                    Welcoming the signature of the Declaration on 5 June 2004 in Nairobi, Kenya,
               in which the parties confirmed their agreement to the six protocols signed between
               the Government of Sudan and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army
               (SPLM/A), and reconfirmed their commitment to completing the remaining stages
               of negotiations,
                     Commending the work, and continued support of the Intergovernmental
               Authority on Development (IGAD), in particular the Government of Kenya as Chair
               of the Subcommittee on Sudan, in facilitating the peace talks, and recognizing the
               efforts of the Civilian Protection Monitoring Team, the Joint Military Commission
               in the Nuba Mountains and the Verification and Monitoring Team supporting the
               peace process, and expressing its hope that IGAD will continue to play a vital role
               during the transitional period,
                    Reaffirming its support for the Machakos Protocol of 20 July 2002 and
               subsequent agreements based on this Protocol,
                   Reaffirming its commitment to the sovereignty, independence and unity of
               Sudan,
                    Recalling the statements by its President (S/PRST/2003/16) of 10 October
               2003 and (S/PRST/2004/18) of 25 May 2004,
                     Condemning all acts of violence and violations of human rights and
               international humanitarian law by all parties and expressing its utmost concern at the
               consequences of the prolonged conflict for the civilian population of Sudan,
               including women, children, refugees and internally displaced persons,
                     Urging the two parties involved to conclude speedily a Comprehensive Peace
               Agreement and believing that the progress now being made in the Naivasha Process
               will contribute to improved stability and peace in Sudan,
                    Welcoming the Secretary-General’s report (S/2004/453) of 7 June 2004,
                    1.   Welcomes the Secretary-General’s proposal to establish, for an initial
               period of three months and under the authority of an SRSG, a United Nations
               advance team in Sudan as a special political mission, dedicated to preparation of the

04-38626 (E)
*0438626*

S/RES/1547 (2004)

               international monitoring foreseen in the 25 September 2003 Naivasha Agreement on
               Security Arrangements, to facilitate contacts with the parties concerned and to
               prepare for the introduction of a peace support operation following the signing of a
               Comprehensive Peace Agreement;
                    2.    Endorses the Secretary-General’s proposals for the staffing of the
               advance team and requests in this regard the Secretary-General to conclude all
               necessary agreements with the Government of Sudan as expeditiously as possible;
                    3.    Declares its readiness to consider establishing a United Nations peace
               support operation to support the implementation of a Comprehensive Peace
               Agreement, and requests the Secretary-General to submit to the Council
               recommendations for the size, structure, and mandate of this operation, as soon as
               possible after the signing of a Comprehensive Peace Agreement;
                     4.   Requests the Secretary-General, pending signature of a Comprehensive
               Peace Agreement to take the necessary preparatory steps, including, in particular,
               pre-positioning the most critical logistical and personnel requirements to facilitate
               the rapid deployment of the above-mentioned possible operation principally to assist
               the parties in monitoring and verifying compliance with the terms of a
               Comprehensive Peace Agreement as well as to prepare for the Organization’s role
               during the transitional period in Sudan;
                    5.    Underlines the need for an effective public information capacity,
               including through local and national radio, television and newspaper channels, to
               promote understanding of the peace process and the role a United Nations peace
               support operation will play among local communities and the parties;
                     6.    Endorses the conclusions of the Secretary-General with regard to the
               situation in Sudan, in particular Darfur and the Upper Nile set out in paragraph 22 of
               his report, calls upon the parties to use their influence to bring an immediate halt to
               the fighting in the Darfur region, in the Upper Nile and elsewhere, urges the parties
               to the Ndjamena Ceasefire Agreement of 8 April 2004 to conclude a political
               agreement without delay, welcomes African Union efforts to that end, and calls on
               the international community to be prepared for constant engagement including
               extensive funding in support of peace in Sudan;
                    7.     Requests the Secretary-General to keep it informed of developments in
               Sudan, particularly on the Naivasha negotiation process, the implementation of the
               peace process and the execution by the advance team of its mandate, and to submit a
               report to the Council no later than three months after adoption of this resolution;
                    8.    Decides to remain seized of the matter.

2

Security Council resolution 1547 (2004) [on establishment of a UN advance team in Sudan as a special political mission]

UN Advance Mission in the Sudan|UN Peace Support Operation in Sudan (Proposed)|Sudan People's Liberation Movement|Intergovernmental Authority on Development|African Union|Framework Agreement on Security Arrangements during the Interim Period between the Government of the Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Sudan People's Liberation Army (2003)|N'Djamena Humanitarian Ceasefire Agreement [between the Government of Sudan and the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army and the Sudan Justice and Equality Movement] (2004)|Machakos Protocol (2002)|ARMED INCIDENTS|DARFUR (SUDAN)|SUDAN|SPECIAL MISSIONS|PEACE TREATIES|PEACEMAKING|NEGOTIATION|SUDAN|DISPUTE SETTLEMENT|LOGISTICS|STAFFING|RAPID DEPLOYMENT FORCES|PUBLIC INFORMATION|INFORMATION DISSEMINATION|MASS MEDIA


               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/1548 (2004)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                11 June 2004

               Resolution 1548 (2004)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 4989th meeting, on
               11 June 2004

                    The Security Council,
                     Welcoming the report of the Secretary-General of 26 May 2004 (S/2004/427)
               on the United Nations operation in Cyprus, and in particular the call to the parties to
               assess and address the humanitarian issue of missing persons with due urgency and
               seriousness,
                     Noting that the Government of Cyprus is agreed that in view of the prevailing
               conditions in the island it is necessary to keep the United Nations peacekeeping
               force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) beyond 15 June 2004,
                    Welcoming the Secretary-General’s intention to conduct a review, to be
               completed within three months, on UNFICYP’s mandate, force levels and concept of
               operation, in view of the 24 April 2004 referenda and taking into account
               developments on the ground, and the views of the parties,
                    Welcoming and encouraging efforts by the United Nations to sensitize
               peacekeeping personnel in the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS and other
               communicable diseases in all its peacekeeping operations,
                    1.   Reaffirms all its relevant resolutions on Cyprus, in particular resolution
               1251 (1999) of 29 June 1999 and subsequent resolutions;
                     2.   Decides to extend the mandate of UNFICYP for a further period ending
               15 December 2004 and to consider the recommendations of the Secretary-General in
               his review of UNFICYP and to act upon them within one month of receiving them;
                    3.     Urges the Turkish Cypriot side and the Turkish forces to rescind without
               delay all remaining restrictions on UNFICYP, and calls on them to restore in
               Strovilia the military status quo which existed there prior to 30 June 2000;
                     4.    Requests the Secretary-General to submit a report on the implementation
               of this resolution concurrent with the report provided for above;
                    5.    Decides to remain seized of the matter.

04-38632 (E)
*0438632*

Security Council resolution 1548 (2004) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)]

S/59 [42] CYPRUS QUESTION
S/59 [43] UN PEACEKEEPING FORCE IN CYPRUS

UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus|UN. Secretary-General|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|CYPRUS|MILITARY PERSONNEL|TÜRKİYE|CYPRUS QUESTION|TURKISH CYPRIOT COMMUNITY|RECOMMENDATIONS|FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT|REPORT PREPARATION