               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/1824 (2008)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                18 July 2008

               Resolution 1824 (2008)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5937th meeting,
               on 18 July 2008

                    The Security Council,
                     Taking note of the letter to the President of the Council from the Secretary-General dated 13 June 2008, attaching the letter to him from the President of the
               International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (“the Tribunal”) dated 6 June 2008
               (A/62/896-S/2008/436),
                    Recalling its resolutions 955 (1994) of 8 November 1994, 1165 (1998) of
               30 April 1998, 1329 (2000) of 30 November 2000, 1411 (2002) of 17 May 2002,
               1431 (2002) of 14 August 2002, 1449 (2002) of 13 December 2002,
                    Recalling in particular its resolutions 1503 (2003) of 28 August 2003 and 1534
               (2004) of 26 March 2004, in which the Security Council calls on the Tribunal to
               take all possible measures to complete investigations by the end of 2004, to
               complete all trial activities at first instance by the end of 2008, and to complete all
               work in 2010,
                    Recalling that on 13 June 2006, the Security Council decided in resolution
               1684 (2006) to extend the term of office of the eleven permanent judges of the
               Tribunal until 31 December 2008, and that on 13 October 2006, the Security
               Council decided in resolution 1717 (2006) to extend the term of office of the
               eighteen ad litem judges of the Tribunal until 31 December 2008,
                     Noting that two of the permanent judges and one of the ad litem judges
               currently serving at the Tribunal have indicated their intention to resign in 2008
               upon the completion of their respective cases, and that at this stage it is not expected
               that their replacement will be necessary,
                    Noting the progress made by the Tribunal towards the completion of its trial
               work at the earliest date,
                    Noting the projections provided by the Tribunal as to the completion of all the
               remaining cases at trial stage before the end of December 2009,
                    Expressing its expectation that the extension of the terms of office of the
               judges concerned will enhance the effectiveness of trial proceedings and contribute
               towards ensuring the implementation of the Completion Strategy,

08-42946 (E)
*0842946*

S/RES/1824 (2008)

                     Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.    Decides to extend the term of office of the following permanent judges at
               the Tribunal who are members of the Appeals Chamber until 31 December 2010, or
               until the completion of the cases before the Appeals Chamber if sooner:
                    – Mr. Mehmet Güney (Turkey)
                    – Ms. Andrésia Vaz (Senegal)
                     2.    Decides to extend the term of office of the following permanent judges at
               the Tribunal who are members of the Trial Chambers until 31 December 2009, or
               until the completion of the cases to which they are assigned if sooner:
                    – Mr. Charles Michael Dennis Byron (Saint Kitts and Nevis)
                    – Mr. Asoka de Silva (Sri Lanka)
                    – Mr. Sergei Aleckseevich Egorov (Russian Federation)
                    – Ms. Khalida Rachid Khan (Pakistan)
                    – Mr. Erik Møse (Norway)
                    – Ms. Arlete Ramaroson (Madagascar)
                    – Mr. William Hussein Sekule (United Republic of Tanzania)
                     3.    Decides to extend the term of office of the following ad litem judges,
               currently serving at the Tribunal, until 31 December 2009, or until the completion of
               the cases to which they are assigned if sooner:
                    – Ms. Florence Rita Arrey (Cameroon)
                    – Ms. Solomy Balungi Bossa (Uganda)
                    – Ms. Taghrid Hikmet (Jordan)
                    – Mr. Vagn Joensen (Denmark)
                    – Mr. Gberdao Gustave Kam (Burkina Faso)
                    – Mr. Lee Gacuiga Muthoga (Kenya)
                    – Mr. Seon Ki Park (Republic of Korea)
                    – Mr. Emile Francis Short (Ghana)
                    4.     Decides to extend the term of office of the following ad litem judges,
               who have not yet been appointed to serve at the Tribunal, until 31 December 2009,
               or until the completion of any cases to which they may be assigned if sooner:
                    – Mr. Aydin Sefa Akay (Turkey)
                    – Ms. Karin Hökborg (Sweden)
                    – Ms. Flavia Lattanzi (Italy)
                    – Mr. Kenneth Machin (United Kingdom)
                    – Mr. Joseph Edward Chiondo Masanche (United Republic of Tanzania)
                    – Tan Sri Dato’ Hj. Mohd. Azmi Dato’ Hj. Kamaruddin (Malaysia)
                    – Mr. Mparany Mamy Richard Rajohnson (Madagascar)
                    – Mr. Albertus Henricus Johannes Swart (Netherlands)
                    – Ms. Aura E. Guerra de Villalaz (Panama)
                     5.   Decides to amend article 11, paragraphs 1 and 2, of the Statute of the
               International Tribunal for Rwanda and to replace those paragraphs with the
               provisions set out in the annex to this resolution;
                     6.    Decides to remain seized of the matter.

2                                                                                08-42946

                                                                                S/RES/1824 (2008)

Annex
           Article 11: Composition of the Chambers

           1.   The Chambers shall be composed of a maximum of sixteen permanent
           independent judges, no two of whom may be nationals of the same State, and a
           maximum at any one time of nine ad litem independent judges appointed in
           accordance with article 12 ter, paragraph 2, of the present Statute, no two of whom
           may be nationals of the same State.
           2.    A maximum at any one time of three permanent judges and six ad litem
           judges shall be members of each Trial Chamber. Each Trial Chamber to which ad
           litem judges are assigned may be divided into sections of three judges each,
           composed of both permanent and ad litem judges. A section of a Trial Chamber shall
           have the same powers and responsibilities as a Trial Chamber under the present
           Statute and shall render judgement in accordance with the same rules.

08-42946                                                                                3

Security Council resolution 1824 (2008) [on extension of term of office of the permanent and ad litem judges of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)]

S/63 [95] RWANDA SITUATION
S/63 [97] INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNAL--RWANDA

International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda|Statute of the International Tribunal for Rwanda (1994)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|JUDGES|RWANDA SITUATION|INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURTS

Eastern Asia|Eastern Europe|Latin America and the Caribbean|Northern Europe|South-eastern Asia|Southern Asia|Southern Europe|Sub-Saharan Africa|Western Asia|Western Europe

Burkina Faso|Cameroon|Denmark|United Kingdom|Ghana|Italy|Jordan|Kenya|Saint Kitts and Nevis|Korea, Republic of|Sri Lanka|Madagascar|Malaysia|Netherlands|Norway|Pakistan|Panama|Russian Federation|Rwanda|Senegal|Sweden|Turkey|Tanzania, United Republic of|Uganda


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/1825 (2008)
               Security Council                                               Distr.: General
                                                                              23 July 2008

               Resolution 1825 (2008)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5941st meeting, on
               23 July 2008

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolutions 1796 (2008) and 1740 (2007),
                    Reaffirming the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of
               Nepal and its ownership of the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace
               Agreement and subsequent agreements,
                     Recalling the signing on 21 November 2006 by the Government of Nepal and
               the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) of a Comprehensive Peace Agreement, and
               the stated commitment of both parties to find a permanent and sustainable peace and
               commending the steps taken to date to implement the Agreement,
                     Acknowledging the strong desire of the Nepalese people for peace and the
               restoration of democracy and the importance in this respect of the implementation of
               the Comprehensive Peace Agreement and subsequent agreements by the relevant
               parties,
                    Expressing its continued readiness to support the peace process in Nepal in the
               timely and effective implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement and
               subsequent agreements, in particular the 25 June Agreement, as requested by the
               Government of Nepal,
                     Welcoming the successful conclusion of the Constituent Assembly elections on
               10 April 2008, and the progress made by the parties since the formation of the
               Constituent Assembly in working towards a democratic government, including the
               decision made at the first session of the Constituent Assembly to establish Nepal as
               a federal democratic republic,
                    Welcoming the prospect of the formation of a democratically elected
               government and institutions in Nepal,
                     Echoing the Secretary-General’s call for all parties in Nepal to move forward
               swiftly in the implementation of the agreements reached; and noting the
               Secretary-General’s assessment that the United Nations Mission in Nepal (UNMIN)
               will be well placed to assist in the management of arms and armed personnel in
               accordance with the 25 June Agreement between the political parties; and

08-43585 (E)
*0843585*

S/RES/1825 (2008)

               recognizing UNMIN’s willingness to assist the parties in this, as requested, in order
               to achieve a durable solution,
                    Welcoming the report of the Secretary-General of 11 July on the
               United Nations Mission in Nepal (UNMIN), in accordance with his mandate,
                     Welcoming the completion of two phases of the verification process and
               continuing assistance with the management of arms and armed personnel of both
               sides in accordance with resolution 1740 (2007) and in line with the provisions of
               the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, noting the importance of a durable long-term
               solution in helping to create the conditions for completion of UNMIN’s activities
               and noting also in this regard the need to address outstanding issues, including the
               release of minors in cantonment sites and continued reporting on this issue as
               required under resolution 1612 (2005),
                     Noting with appreciation that with the successful holding of the Constituent
               Assembly elections, some of the elements of the mandate relating to UNMIN as set
               out in resolution 1740 (2007) have already been accomplished,
                     Taking note of the Government of Nepal’s letter to the Secretary-General of
               8 July (S/2008/476, annex), which recognizes UNMIN’s contribution and requests
               an extension of UNMIN at a smaller scale to carry out the remainder of the mandate
               for six months,
                    Recognizing the need to pay special attention to the needs of women, children
               and traditionally marginalized groups in the peace process, as mentioned in the
               Comprehensive Peace Agreement and resolution 1325 (2000),
                     Recognizing that civil society can play an important role in democratic
               transition and conflict prevention,
                     Expressing appreciation for the efforts of the Secretary-General’s Special
               Representative and his team in UNMIN, and the United Nations Country Team,
               including the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights which is
               monitoring human rights at the request of the Government, and stressing the need
               for coordination and complementarity of efforts between the mission and all the
               United Nations actors in the mission area, particularly in order to ensure continuity,
               as the mandate comes to an end,
                     1.   Decides in line with the request from the Government of Nepal and the
               Secretary-General’s recommendations, to renew the mandate of UNMIN as
               established under resolution 1740 (2007) until 23 January 2009, taking into account
               the completion of some elements of the mandate, the ongoing work on the
               monitoring and the management of arms and armed personnel in line with the
               25 June Agreement among the political parties, which will support the completion of
               the peace process;
                     2.   Calls upon all parties to take full advantage of the expertise and
               readiness of UNMIN, within its mandate, to support the peace process to facilitate
               the completion of outstanding aspects of UNMIN’s mandate;
                     3.  Concurs with the Secretary-General’s view that the current monitoring
               arrangements should not be necessary for a substantial further period and expects to
               see them concluded within the period of this mandate;

2                                                                                08-43585

                                                                                S/RES/1825 (2008)

                4.    Endorses the Secretary-General’s recommendations for a phased,
           gradual, drawdown and withdrawal of UNMIN staff, including arms monitors;
                5.    Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security Council informed of
           progress towards implementation of this resolution and to submit a report on this
           and the implications for UNMIN no later than 31 October 2008;
                 6.   Calls upon the Government of Nepal, to continue to take the necessary
           decisions to create conditions conducive to completion of UNMIN’s activities by the
           end of the current mandate, including through implementation of the 25 June
           Agreement, in order to facilitate UNMIN’s withdrawal from Nepal;
                 7.   Calls upon all parties in Nepal to work together in a spirit of cooperation,
           consensus and compromise in order to continue the transition to a durable long-term
           solution to enable the country to move to a peaceful, democratic and more
           prosperous future;
                 8.   Requests the parties in Nepal to take the necessary steps to promote the
           safety, security and freedom of movement of UNMIN and associated personnel in
           executing the tasks defined in the mandate;
                9.    Decides to remain seized of the matter.

08-43585                                                                                3

Security Council resolution 1825 (2008) [on renewal of the mandate of the UN Mission in Nepal (UNMIN)]

S/63 [169] NEPAL--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/63 [170] UN POLITICAL MISSION IN NEPAL

UN Political Mission in Nepal|Comprehensive Peace Agreement between the Government of Nepal and the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (2006)|POLITICAL CONDITIONS|PEACEBUILDING|NEPAL|WEAPONS TRACING|WEAPONS SURRENDER|STAFF SECURITY|FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT


               United Nations                                                                        S/RES/1826 (2008)
               Security Council                                                    Distr.: General
                                                                                29 July 2008

               Resolution 1826 (2008)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5945th meeting, on
               29 July 2008

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions, in particular resolutions 1739 (2007), 1765
               (2007) and 1795 (2008), and the statements of its President relating to the situation
               in Côte d’Ivoire, and resolution 1777 (2007) on the situation in Liberia,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and unity of Côte d’Ivoire, and recalling the importance of the principles of
               good-neighbourliness, non-interference and regional cooperation,
                     Recalling that it endorsed the Agreement signed by President Laurent Gbagbo
               and Mr. Guillaume Soro in Ouagadougou on 4 March 2007 (“the Ouagadougou
               political Agreement” S/2007/144), and the following Supplementary Agreements, as
               recommended by the African Union,
                    Recalling that it welcomed the announcement by the Ivorian authorities of the
               organization on 30 November 2008 of the first round of the presidential elections
               (S/PRST/2008/11) and that it encouraged the Ivorian parties to redouble their efforts
               to meet this commitment, and the international community to bring continued
               support to this effect,
                     Expressing again its appreciation to President Blaise Compaoré of Burkina Faso
               (“the Facilitator”) for his continued efforts to support the peace process in Côte d’Ivoire,
               in particular through the Ouagadougou Political Agreement follow-up mechanisms,
               commending and encouraging the continued efforts of the African Union and the
               Economic Community of West African States (“ECOWAS”) to promote peace and
               stability in Côte d’Ivoire, and reiterating its full support for them,
                     Stressing again the importance of the international consultative organ
               participating in the meetings of the evaluation and monitoring committee, as an
               observer, and recalling that it may be consulted at any time by the Facilitator,
                     Reiterating its strong condemnation of any attempt to destabilize the peace
               process by force, and expressing its intention to examine without delay the situation
               after any such attempt, on the basis of a report by the Secretary-General,
                    Having taken note of the report of the Secretary-General dated 10 July 2008
               (S/2008/451),

08-44260 (E)
*0844260*

S/RES/1826 (2008)

                     Noting with concern, in spite of the sustained improvement of the overall
               human rights situation, the persistence of cases of human rights violations against
               civilians, including numerous acts of sexual violence, stressing that the perpetrators
               must be brought to justice, and reiterating its firm condemnation of all violations of
               human rights and international humanitarian law in Côte d’Ivoire,
                    Recalling its resolution 1612 (2005) on children and armed conflict and the
               subsequent conclusions of the Security Council Working Group on Children and
               Armed Conflict pertaining to parties in the armed conflict of Côte d’Ivoire
               (S/AC.51/2008/5),
                     Recalling also its resolutions 1325 (2000) and 1820 (2008) on women, peace
               and security, and its resolution 1674 (2006) on the protection of civilians in armed
               conflict, condemning any sexual violence and encouraging the Secretary-General to
               mainstream a gender perspective in the implementation of UNOCI’s mandate,
                    Emphasizing the importance of the continuing support of the United Nations
               system and the international community for strengthening the capacity of the
               Government of Côte d’Ivoire and of the electoral bodies to organize the electoral
               process,
                     Determining that the situation in Côte d’Ivoire continues to pose a threat to
               international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.   Decides to renew the mandates of the United Nations Operation in Côte
               d’Ivoire (UNOCI) and of the French forces which support it, as determined in
               resolution 1739 (2007), until 31 January 2009, in particular to support the
               organization in Côte d’Ivoire of free, open, fair and transparent elections;
                    2.    Requests UNOCI, within its existing resources and mandate, to support
               the full implementation of the Ouagadougou political Agreement and its
               Supplementary Agreements, and in particular to contribute to bringing the security
               needed by the peace process and by the electoral process and to provide logistical
               support to the Independent Electoral Commission for the preparation and the
               holding of the elections;
                     3.    Strongly encourages the Defense and Security Force of Côte d’Ivoire and
               the Forces nouvelles to jointly develop a comprehensive plan for the security of the
               elections, in close coordination with the Facilitator, with the technical and logistical
               support of UNOCI which is supported by the French forces;
                     4.    Encourages the Ivorian parties to make further concrete progress, in
               particular in removing the remaining logistical obstacles that impede the
               identification of the population, the registration of voters, the disarmament and
               dismantling of militias, the cantonment and disarmament, demobilization and
               reintegration programme, the unification and restructuring of defence and security
               forces and the restoration of State authority throughout the country;
                    5.   Urges the political parties to comply fully with the Code of Good
               Conduct for elections which they signed under the auspices of the Secretary-General, and in particular urges the Ivorian authorities to allow equitable access to
               public media;

2                                                                                08-44260

                                                                                S/RES/1826 (2008)

                 6.  Calls upon all concerned parties to ensure that the protection of women
           and children is addressed in the implementation of the Ouagadougou political
           Agreement as well as the post-conflict reconstruction and recovery phases,
           including continued monitoring and reporting of the situation of women and
           children;
                 7.   Stresses the importance of ensuring the equal protection of and respect
           for human rights of every Ivorian as they relate to the electoral system, and in
           particular of removing obstacles and challenges to women’s participation and full
           involvement in public life;
                 8.   Invites the signatories of the Ouagadougou political Agreement to take
           the necessary steps to protect vulnerable civilian populations, including by
           guaranteeing the voluntary return, reinstallation, reintegration and security of
           displaced persons, with the support of the United Nations system, and to fulfil in
           this regard their commitments in accordance with the Ouagadougou political
           Agreement and their obligations under international humanitarian law;
                 9.   Expresses its intention to review by 31 January 2009 the mandates of
           UNOCI and the French forces which support it, as well as the level of troops of
           UNOCI, in the light of the progress achieved in the implementation of the key steps
           of the peace process and of the progress of the electoral process, and requests the
           Secretary-General to provide to it a report in this regard three weeks before this
           date, including some benchmarks for a possible phased drawdown of the troop
           levels of UNOCI, taking into consideration the electoral process and the situation on
           the ground and in particular the security conditions;
                 10. Reiterates its full support to the efforts of the Special Representative of
           the Secretary-General in Côte d’Ivoire, recalls that he shall certify that all stages of
           the electoral process provide all the necessary guarantees for the holding of open,
           free, fair and transparent presidential and legislative elections in accordance with
           international standards and reaffirms its support to the five-criteria framework
           elaborated by the Special Representative and referred to in document S/2008/250;
                 11. Recalls that the publication of the electoral list is a crucial step in the
           electoral process, calls upon the Independent Electoral Commission, the technical
           operators, the authorities of Côte d’Ivoire and the political parties to redouble their
           efforts in this regard and requests the Special Representative of the Secretary-General to certify it explicitly;
                12. Welcomes the financial assistance provided by donors to the Independent
           Electoral Commission, which made it possible to finance the electoral process;
                13. Calls upon the donors to increase in particular their financial support to
           the cantonment, disarmament and reintegration of former combatants and militia
           and to the redeployment of State administration throughout the country;
                 14. Commends the Representative of the Secretary-General for his efforts to
           facilitate the reinsertion of former combatants through the launching of one
           thousand micro projects, and encourages donors to contribute to their financing;
                 15. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to take the necessary
           measures to ensure full compliance in UNOCI with the United Nations zerotolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuses and to keep the Council
           informed, and urges troop-contributing countries to take appropriate preventive

08-44260                                                                                3

S/RES/1826 (2008)

               action including predeployment awareness training, and other action to ensure full
               accountability in cases of such conduct involving their personnel;
                    16. Recalls the importance of the provisions of the Ouagadougou political
               Agreement and of the Supplementary Agreements, including paragraph 8.1 of the
               Ouagadougou political Agreement and paragraphs 8 and 9 of Supplementary
               Agreement number 3, and urges the Ivorian political forces to rely on the mediation
               by the Facilitator, for any major difficulty concerning the electoral process;
                     17. Commends the Facilitator for continuing to support the process to settle
               the crisis in Côte d’Ivoire, and requests UNOCI to continue to assist him and his
               Special Representative in Abidjan, Mr. Boureima Badini, in the conduct of the
               facilitation, including by helping the Facilitator, as appropriate and upon his request,
               to carry out his arbitration role according to the provisions of paragraph 8.1 of the
               Ouagadougou political Agreement and paragraphs 8 and 9 of Supplementary
               Agreement number 3;
                     18. Requests the Secretary-General to keep it regularly informed of the
               situation and of the preparation of the electoral process, including the process of the
               establishment of the electoral list, and notably by providing to it a report in this
               regard no later than 15 October 2008;
                    19.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

4                                                                                08-44260

Security Council resolution 1826 (2008) [on renewal of the mandates of the UN Operation in Côte d'Ivoire (UNOCI) and of the French forces which support it]

S/63 [196] CÔTE D'IVOIRE--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/63 [198] UN OPERATION IN CÔTE D'IVOIRE

UN Operation in Côte d'Ivoire|Force Licorne (France)|UN. High Representative for the Elections in Côte d'Ivoire|UN. Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Côte d'Ivoire|Facilitator of the Peace Process in Côte d'Ivoire|UN System|Côte d'Ivoire. Independent Electoral Commission|Côte d'Ivoire. Forces armées nationales|Forces nouvelles (Organization : Côte d'Ivoire). Forces armées|Ouagadougou Political Agreement (2007)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|ELECTIONS|PEACEBUILDING|INTERNAL SECURITY|CÔTE D'IVOIRE|MILITARY PERSONNEL|FRANCE|VOTER REGISTRATION|CODES OF CONDUCT|HUMAN RIGHTS|WOMEN'S RIGHTS|RIGHTS OF THE CHILD|POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION|HUMAN RIGHTS MONITORING|CIVILIAN PERSONS|REPATRIATION|DISARMAMENT|SOCIAL INTEGRATION|DISPLACED PERSONS|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVES|ELECTION VERIFICATION|FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE|DONOR COUNTRIES|SEX CRIMES|TROOP-CONTRIBUTING STATES|TRAINING PROGRAMMES|ACCOUNTABILITY|COORDINATION WITHIN UN SYSTEM


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/1827 (2008)
               Security Council                                               Distr.: General
                                                                              30 July 2008

               Resolution 1827 (2008)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5946th meeting,
               on 30 July 2008

                    The Security Council,
                     Reaffirming all its previous resolutions and statements of its President
               pertaining to the situation between Ethiopia and Eritrea,
                     Stressing once again its unwavering commitment to the peace process and to
               the full and expeditious implementation of the Agreement on Cessation of
               Hostilities of 18 June 2000 (S/2000/601) and the Peace Agreement of 12 December
               2000 (S/2000/1183) (hereinafter referred to as “the Algiers Agreements”) as a basis
               for peaceful and cooperative relations between Ethiopia and Eritrea,
                     Considering that Ethiopia and Eritrea bear a shared responsibility in the
               implementation of the Algiers Agreements, in which they agreed that the
               delimitation and demarcation determinations of the Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary
               Commission (EEBC) shall be final and binding and that their forces shall respect the
               integrity of the Temporary Security Zone (TSZ),
                     Reaffirming that the primary responsibility for achieving a comprehensive and
               lasting settlement of the border dispute and normalizing their relations rests with
               Ethiopia and Eritrea, and that the Security Council stands ready to assist them in
               addressing the underlying fundamental issues, taking into account the interests and
               concerns of both countries,
                     Regretting that Eritrea’s obstructions towards the United Nations Mission in
               Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE) reached a level so as to undermine the basis of the
               Mission’s mandate and compelled UNMEE to temporarily relocate from Eritrea,
               stressing that this relocation was without prejudice to the Algiers Agreements and to
               the integrity of the TSZ, and recalling the Security Council’s previous
               condemnation of Eritrea’s lack of cooperation,
                     Commending the efforts made by UNMEE and its military and civilian
               personnel to accomplish its duties, despite the difficult circumstances, and
               expressing its deep appreciation for the contribution and dedication of the troopcontributing countries to the work of UNMEE,
                    Having considered the special report of the Secretary-General of 7 April 2008
               (S/2008/226), the letters from Ethiopia and Eritrea dated respectively 17 and
               18 June 2008, in response to the letters of the President of the Security Council of

08-44391 (E)
*0844391*

S/RES/1827 (2008)

               10 June 2008, and the letter from the Secretary-General of 28 July 2008
               (S/2008/496), in response to the letter of the President of the Security Council of
               3 July 2008,
                     1.    Decides to terminate UNMEE’s mandate effective on 31 July 2008,
               emphasizes that this termination is without prejudice to Ethiopia and Eritrea’s
               obligations under the Algiers Agreements and calls upon both countries to cooperate
               fully with the United Nations including in the process of liquidation of UNMEE;
                     2.    Demands Ethiopia and Eritrea to comply fully with their obligations
               under the Algiers Agreements, to show maximum restraint and refrain from any
               threat or use of force against each other, and to avoid provocative military activities;
                     3.   Strongly supports the ongoing efforts by the Secretary-General and the
               international community to engage with Ethiopia and Eritrea to help them to
               implement the Algiers Agreements, to normalize their relations, to promote stability
               between them, and to lay the foundation for a comprehensive and lasting peace
               between them, and urges again Ethiopia and Eritrea to accept the Secretary-General’s good offices;
                     4.   Requests the Secretary-General to further explore with Ethiopia and
               Eritrea the possibility of a United Nations presence in Ethiopia and Eritrea in the
               context of the maintenance of international peace and security;
                    5.    Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Council regularly informed of
               the situation between Ethiopia and Eritrea and to make recommendations as
               appropriate;
                    6.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

2                                                                                08-44391

Security Council resolution 1827 (2008) [on termination of the mandate of the UN Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE)]

S/63 [152] ERITREA--ETHIOPIA
S/63 [153] UN MISSION IN ETHIOPIA AND ERITREA

UN Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea|[Eritrea-Ethiopia] Military Coordination Commission|Agreement on Cessation of Hostilities between the Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and the Government of the State of Eritrea (2000)|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|BOUNDARIES|ERITREA|ETHIOPIA|GOOD OFFICES|TROOP-CONTRIBUTING STATES


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/1828 (2008)
               Security Council                                                 Dist.: General
                                                                                31 July 2008

               Resolution 1828 (2008)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5947th meeting, on
               31 July 2008

                    The Security Council,
                     Reaffirming all its previous resolutions and presidential statements concerning
               the situation in Sudan,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, unity, independence and
               territorial integrity of Sudan and its determination to work with the Government of
               Sudan, in full respect of its sovereignty, to assist in tackling the various challenges
               in Sudan,
                    Recalling also its previous resolutions 1325 (2000) and 1820 (2008) on
               women, peace and security, 1502 (2003) on the protection of humanitarian and
               United Nations personnel, 1612 (2005) on children and armed conflict and the
               subsequent conclusions on the Sudan of the Working Group on Children in Armed
               Conflicts (S/AC.51/2008/7) as approved by the Council, and 1674 (2006) on the
               protection of civilians in armed conflict, which reaffirms inter alia the relevant
               provisions of the United Nations World Summit outcome document, as well as the
               report of its Mission to Sudan from 3 to 6 June 2008,
                     Welcoming the report of the Secretary-General and the Chairperson of the
               African Union Commission of 7 July 2008 (S/2008/443), and recalling the
               confirmation of President Bashir during his meeting with the Council that UNAMID
               shall be deployed in full,
                     Deploring, one year after the adoption of resolution 1769 (2007), the
               deterioration in the security and humanitarian situation in Darfur,
                    Stressing the need to enhance the safety and security of UNAMID personnel,
                     Noting with strong concern ongoing attacks on the civilian population and
               humanitarian workers and continued and widespread sexual violence, including as
               outlined in the reports of the Secretary-General,
                     Emphasizing the need to bring to justice the perpetrators of such crimes and
               urging the Government of Sudan to comply with its obligations in this respect, and
               reiterating its condemnation of all violations of human rights and international
               humanitarian law in Darfur,

08-44602 (E)
*0844602*

S/RES/1828 (2008)

                     Taking note of the African Union (AU) communiqué of the 142nd Peace and
               Security Council (PSC) Meeting dated 21 July (S/2008/481, annex), having in mind
               concerns raised by members of the Council regarding potential developments
               subsequent to the application by the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court
               of 14 July 2008, and taking note of their intention to consider these matters further,
                     Reaffirming its concern that the ongoing violence in Darfur might further
               negatively affect the stability of Sudan as a whole as well as the region, noting with
               concern the ongoing tensions between the Governments of Sudan and Chad, and
               reiterating that a reduction in these tensions and rebel activity in both countries
               must be addressed to achieve long-term peace in Darfur and in the region,
                    Expressing its determination to promote and support the political process in
               Darfur, especially the new Chief Mediator, and deploring the fact that some groups
               refuse to join the political process,
                     Reiterating its deep concern for the decreasing security of humanitarian
               personnel, including killings of humanitarian workers, in Darfur and the hindering
               of their access to populations in need, condemning the parties to the conflict who
               have failed to ensure the full, safe and unhindered access of relief personnel as well
               as the delivery of humanitarian assistance, further condemning all instances of
               banditry and car-jackings, and recognizing that with many civilians in Darfur having
               been displaced humanitarian efforts remain a priority until a sustained ceasefire and
               inclusive political process are achieved,
                   Demanding an end to attacks on civilians, from any quarter, including by aerial
               bombing, and the use of civilians as human shields,
                     Determining that the situation in Darfur, Sudan continues to constitute a threat
               to international peace and security,
                    1.    Decides to extend the mandate of UNAMID as set out in resolution 1769
               (2007) for a further 12 months to 31 July 2009;
                     2.   Welcomes the agreement of the Government of Sudan, during its meeting
               with the Council on 5 June 2008, to the African Union (AU) — United Nations
               (UN) troop deployment plan; commends the contribution made by troop and police
               contributing countries and donors to UNAMID; and, in order to facilitate the full
               and successful deployment of UNAMID and to enhance the protection of its
               personnel, calls:
                    (a) for the rapid deployment, as planned by the Secretary-General, of force
               enablers, including the Heavy Support Package’s engineer, logistic, medical and
               signal units, and of additional troops, police and civilian personnel including
               contractors; and
                     (b) on United Nations Member States to pledge and contribute the helicopter,
               aerial reconnaissance, ground transport, engineering and logistical units and other
               force enablers required;
                     3.   Underlines the importance of raising the capability of those UNAMID
               battalions formerly deployed by the African Union Mission in Sudan and other
               incoming battalions; requests the continuing assistance of donors in ensuring that
               these battalions are trained and equipped to United Nations standards; and further
               requests the Secretary-General to include this in his next report to the Council;

2                                                                                08-44602

                                                                                S/RES/1828 (2008)

                 4.   Welcomes the intention of the Secretary-General to deploy 80 per cent of
           UNAMID by 31 December 2008, and urges the Government of Sudan, troop
           contributors, donors, the United Nations Secretariat and all stakeholders to do all
           they can to facilitate this;
                 5.   Welcomes the signing of the Status of Forces Agreement; demands that
           the Government of Sudan complies with it fully and without delay; and further
           demands that the Government of Sudan and all armed groups in Sudan’s territory
           ensure the full and expeditious deployment of UNAMID and remove all obstacles to
           the proper discharge of its mandate, including by ensuring its security and freedom
           of movement;
                6.    Underlines, with a view to strengthening cooperation with troop and
           police contributors as well as their safety and security, the need for enhanced
           guidelines, procedures and information-sharing;
                7.    Underlines the need for UNAMID to make full use of its current mandate
           and capabilities with regard to the protection of civilians, ensuring humanitarian
           access and working with other United Nations agencies;
                 8.   Reiterates its condemnation of previous attacks on UNAMID; stresses
           that any attack or threat on UNAMID is unacceptable; demands that there be no
           recurrence of such attacks, and further requests the Secretary-General to report to
           the Security Council on the result of United Nations investigations and with
           recommendations to prevent a reoccurrence of such attacks;
                 9.    Reiterates there can be no military solution to the conflict in Darfur, and
           that an inclusive political settlement and the successful deployment of UNAMID are
           essential to re-establishing peace in Darfur;
                 10. Welcomes the appointment of Mr. Djibrill Yipènè Bassolé as Joint AU-UN Chief Mediator, who has its full support; calls on the Government of Sudan and
           rebel groups to engage fully and constructively in the peace process, including by
           entering into talks under the mediation of Mr. Bassolé; demands all the parties, in
           particular rebel groups, to finalize their preparations for and to join the talks; and
           underlines also the need for the engagement of civil society, including women and
           women-led organizations, community groups and tribal leaders;
                 11. Demands an end to violence by all sides, to attacks on civilians,
           peacekeepers and humanitarian personnel, and to other violations of human rights
           and international humanitarian law in Darfur; further demands that all parties cease
           hostilities and immediately commit themselves to a sustained and permanent
           ceasefire; and encourages the mediation to consult with all relevant parties on
           security issues with a view to a more effective ceasefire commission working
           closely with UNAMID to monitor the cessation of hostilities;
                12. Calls on Sudan and Chad to abide by their obligations under the Dakar
           Agreement, the Tripoli Agreement and subsequent bilateral agreements, including
           by ending support for rebel groups; welcomes the creation of the Dakar Agreement
           Contact Group, and the consideration being given to improved monitoring of the
           border between Sudan and Chad; and takes note of the agreement of Sudan and
           Chad on 18 July to restore diplomatic relations;
               13. Demands the full implementation of the Communiqué between the
           Government of Sudan and the United Nations on Facilitation of Humanitarian

08-44602                                                                                3

S/RES/1828 (2008)

               Activities in Darfur, and that the Government of Sudan, all militias, armed groups
               and all other stakeholders ensure the full, safe and unhindered access of
               humanitarian organizations and relief personnel;
                     14. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure (a) continued monitoring and
               reporting of the situation of children and (b) continued dialogue with the parties to
               the conflict towards the preparation of time bound action plans to end the
               recruitment and use of child soldiers and other violations against children;
                     15. Demands that the parties to the conflict immediately take appropriate
               measures to protect civilians, including women and children, from all forms of
               sexual violence, in line with resolution 1820 (2008); and requests the Secretary-General to ensure, as appropriate, that resolutions 1325 (2000) and 1820 are
               implemented by UNAMID and to include information on this in his report requested
               in paragraph 16 below;
                     16. Demands that the parties to the conflict in Darfur fulfil their international
               obligations and their commitments under relevant agreements, this resolution and
               other relevant Council resolutions;
                     17. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Council every 60 days
               after the adoption of this resolution on developments on UNAMID, the political
               process, the security and humanitarian situation, and all parties’ compliance with
               their international obligations;
                    18. Reiterates its readiness to take action against any party that impedes the
               peace process, humanitarian assistance or the deployment of UNAMID; and
               recognizes that due process must take its course;
                    19.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

4                                                                                08-44602

Security Council resolution 1828 (2008) [on extension of the mandate of the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID)]

S/63 [160] SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/63 [204] AU/UN HYBRID OPERATION IN DARFUR

African Union|AU/UN Hybrid Operation in Darfur|Joint African Union-UN Chief Mediator for Darfur|Final Communiqué of the Second International Meeting on the Situation in Darfur (2007)|Darfur Peace Agreement (2006)|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|DARFUR (SUDAN)|SUDAN|FOREIGN RELATIONS|SUDAN|CHAD|INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS|MILITARY PERSONNEL|CIVILIAN PERSONS|MEDIATION|ARMED INCIDENTS|STAFF SECURITY|STAFFING|OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES|FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT|CHILD SOLDIERS|CHILDREN IN ARMED CONFLICTS|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|RELIEF PERSONNEL|STAFF SECURITY|TROOP-CONTRIBUTING STATES


               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/1829 (2008)
               Security Council                                              Distr.: General
                                                                             4 August 2008

               Resolution 1829 (2008)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5948th meeting, on
               4 August 2008

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions and the statements of its President
               concerning the situation in Sierra Leone,
                     Commending the valuable contribution that the United Nations Integrated
               Office in Sierra Leone (UNIOSIL) has made to the recovery of Sierra Leone from
               conflict and to the country’s peace, security and development,
                    Welcoming the report of the Secretary-General dated 29 April 2008
               (S/2008/281) and his Recommendations on the United Nations Integrated
               Peacebuilding Office in Sierra Leone,
                    Welcoming the holding of peaceful and democratic local elections in July 2008
               as another important milestone in consolidating a sustainable peace in Sierra Leone,
                    Emphasizing the importance of the continued support of the United Nations
               system and the international community for the long-term peace, security and
               development of Sierra Leone, particularly through strengthening the capacity of the
               Government of Sierra Leone,
                    Stressing the importance of a smooth transition between UNIOSIL and the new
               United Nations Integrated Peacebuilding Office, and of the effective and efficient
               operation of that Office,
                    Welcoming the progress in the implementation of the Peacebuilding
               Cooperation Framework (PBC/2/SLE/1), and encouraging the Government of Sierra
               Leone to continue its close engagement with the Peacebuilding Commission by
               implementing the recommendations of the first biannual review of the Framework,
                     Welcoming the progress made in reforming the security sector in Sierra Leone
               and, in particular, the developing professionalism of the Republic of Sierra Leone
               Armed Forces (RSLAF) and the Sierra Leone Police (SLP), and underlining the
               importance of the planned further strengthening and rationalizing of the security
               architecture so that the RSLAF and SLP are sustainable in the long term and able to
               carry out their tasks effectively,

08-44813 (E)
*0844813*

S/RES/1829 (2008)

                     Reiterating its appreciation for the work of the Special Court for Sierra Leone
               and its vital contribution to reconciliation, peacebuilding and the rule of law in
               Sierra Leone, reiterating its expectation that the Court will finish its work
               expeditiously, and recognizing that further arrangements will be needed to address
               residual matters after trials and appeals are completed,
                     Welcoming the role played by the Economic Community of West African
               States (ECOWAS) and encouraging the Member States of the Mano River Union
               and other organizations to continue their efforts aimed at building regional and
               subregional peace and security,
                     1.   Requests the Secretary-General to establish the United Nations Integrated
               Peacebuilding Office in Sierra Leone (UNIPSIL), as recommended in his report
               (S/2008/281) for a period of 12 months beginning on 1 October 2008, with the key
               tasks as specified in paragraphs 3, 4, 5 and 8 below;
                     2.    Welcomes the Secretary-General’s recommendation in his report
               (S/2008/281) that UNIPSIL should be headed by an Executive Representative of the
               Secretary-General who would also serve as the Resident Representative of the
               United Nations Development Programme and United Nations Resident Coordinator;
               and underlines the need for appropriate expertise and adequate material resources,
               in order that the Office can effectively and efficiently implement its mandate;
                   3.     Requests that UNIPSIL focus on and support the Government of Sierra
               Leone in the following areas:
                    (a) Providing political support to national and local efforts for identifying
               and resolving tensions and threats of potential conflict, whatever the source;
                     (b) Monitoring and promoting human rights, democratic institutions and the
               rule of law, including efforts to counter transnational organized crime and drug
               trafficking;
                     (c) Consolidating good governance reforms, with a special focus on
               anti-corruption instruments such as the Anti-Corruption Commission;
                    (d) Supporting decentralization, reviewing the 1991 Constitution and the
               enactment of relevant legislation;
                   (e) Closely coordinating with and supporting the work of the Peacebuilding
               Commission, as well as the implementation of the Peacebuilding Cooperation
               Framework and projects supported through the Peacebuilding Fund;
                     4.   Underlines the importance of establishing a fully integrated office with
               effective coordination of strategy and programmes among the United Nations
               agencies, funds and programmes in Sierra Leone, and emphasizes the need for the
               United Nations system to support and cooperate fully with UNIPSIL, in accordance
               with the Executive Representative’s function as Resident Representative and
               Resident Coordinator;
                    5.  Stresses the need for close cooperation between UNIPSIL, ECOWAS, the
               Mano River Union, international partners and other United Nations missions in the
               region;
                    6.    Emphasizes that the Government of Sierra Leone bears the primary
               responsibility for peacebuilding, security and long-term development in the country,

2                                                                                08-44813

                                                                                S/RES/1829 (2008)

           and encourages the Government of Sierra Leone to continue its close engagement
           with the Peacebuilding Commission in this regard, including through the regular
           monitoring of progress in the implementation of the Sierra Leone Peacebuilding
           Cooperation Framework, and further encourages international partners to continue
           to provide support to the Government of Sierra Leone and to cooperate with the
           Peacebuilding Commission;
                7.    Calls upon the Government of Sierra Leone and all other stakeholders in
           the country to increase their efforts to promote good governance, including through
           the effective functioning of local government and continued measures to combat
           corruption and improve accountability; promote the development of the private
           sector to generate wealth and employment opportunities, in particular for young
           people; strengthen the judiciary; and advance human rights, including through
           implementation of the recommendations of the Truth and Reconciliation
           Commission;
                8.     Emphasizes the important role of women in the prevention and resolution
           of conflicts and in peacebuilding, as recognized in resolutions 1325 (2000) and 1820
           (2008), underlines that a gender perspective should be taken into account in
           implementing all aspects of the mandate of UNIPSIL, and encourages UNIPSIL to
           work with the Government of Sierra Leone in this regard;
                 9.    Requests that the Secretary-General keeps the Council informed every
           four months on the implementation of the mandate of UNIPSIL and this resolution,
           with the first report due by 31 January 2009;
                10.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

08-44813                                                                                3

Security Council resolution 1829 (2008) [on establishment of the UN Integrated Peacebuilding Office in Sierra Leone (UNIPSIL)]

S/63 [171] SIERRA LEONE--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/63 [173] UN INTEGRATED PEACEBUILDING OFFICE IN SIERRA LEONE

UN Integrated Peacebuilding Office in Sierra Leone > Establishment|UN. Peacebuilding Commission|UN System|Economic Community of West African States|Mano River Union|Sierra Leone Peacebuilding Cooperation Framework (2007)|PEACEBUILDING|POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION|SIERRA LEONE|INTER-AGENCY COOPERATION|COORDINATION WITHIN UN SYSTEM|SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVES|RESIDENT COORDINATORS|HUMAN RIGHTS MONITORING|RULE OF LAW|GOVERNANCE|PARTNERSHIP|CORRUPTION|EMPLOYMENT|YOUTH EMPLOYMENT|DRUG CONTROL|WOMEN'S ADVANCEMENT


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/1830 (2008)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               7 August 2008

               Resolution 1830 (2008)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5950th meeting, on
               7 August 2008

                       The Security Council,
                    Recalling all its previous relevant resolutions on Iraq, in particular 1500
               (2003) of 14 August 2003, 1546 (2004) of 8 June 2004, 1557 (2004) of 12 August
               2004, 1619 (2005) of 11 August 2005, 1700 (2006) of 10 August 2006 and 1770
               (2007) of 10 August 2007,
                       Reaffirming the independence, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of
               Iraq,
                     Emphasizing the importance of the stability and security of Iraq for the people
               of Iraq, the region, and the international community,
                   Acknowledging that a democratically elected and constitutionally based
               Government of Iraq is now in place,
                     Welcoming improvements in the security situation in Iraq achieved through
               concerted political and security efforts and stressing that challenges to security in
               Iraq still exist and improvements need to be sustained through meaningful political
               dialogue and national reconciliation,
                     Underscoring the need for all communities in Iraq to reject sectarianism,
               participate in the political process and an inclusive political dialogue, reach a
               comprehensive solution on the distribution of resources, and work towards national
               reconciliation for the sake of Iraq’s political stability and unity,
                    Reaffirming the importance of the United Nations, in particular the United
               Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI), in supporting the efforts of the Iraqi
               people and Government to strengthen institutions for representative government,
               promote political dialogue and national reconciliation, engage neighbouring
               countries, assist vulnerable groups, including refugees and internally displaced
               persons, and promote the protection of human rights and judicial and legal reform,
                    Expressing concern for human rights challenges in Iraq and stressing the
               importance of addressing these challenges,

08-45388 (E)
*0845388*

S/RES/1830 (2008)

                    Expressing concern also for the humanitarian issues confronting the Iraqi
               people and stressing the need for a coordinated response and adequate resources to
               address these issues,
                     Underscoring the sovereignty of the Government of Iraq, reaffirming that all
               parties should continue to take all feasible steps and develop modalities to ensure
               the protection of affected civilians, including children, and should create conditions
               conducive to the voluntary, safe, dignified, and sustainable return of refugees and
               internally displaced persons, welcoming new commitments of the Government of
               Iraq for the relief of internally displaced persons, encouraging continued efforts for
               internally displaced persons and refugees and noting the important role of the Office
               of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, based on its mandate, in
               providing advice and support to the Government of Iraq, in coordination with
               UNAMI,
                     Urging all those concerned as set forth in international humanitarian law,
               including the Geneva Conventions and the Hague Regulations, to allow full
               unimpeded access by humanitarian personnel to all people in need of assistance, and
               to make available, as far as possible, all necessary facilities for their operations, and
               to promote the safety, security and freedom of movement of humanitarian personnel
               and United Nations and its associated personnel and their assets,
                    Welcoming the Secretary-General’s appointment on 11 September 2007 of a
               new Special Representative for Iraq and recognizing the expanded role given to him
               and UNAMI as established in resolution 1770 (2007) of 10 August 2007,
                    Acknowledging the important roles played by the United Nations and the
               Government of Iraq in the First Anniversary Ministerial Review of the International
               Compact with Iraq, held in Stockholm on 29 May 2008, as well as in the expanded
               Neighbors Conference held in Kuwait on 22 April 2008, its working groups, and its
               ad hoc support mechanism, and underscoring the importance of continued regional
               and international support for Iraq’s development,
                     Welcoming the Government of Iraq’s decision to allocate a parcel of land in
               Baghdad to the UN for its new integrated headquarters, and urging the Government
               of Iraq to fulfil its commitment to contribute financially to this project,
                     Welcoming also the letter of 4 August 2008 from the Minister of Foreign
               Affairs of Iraq to the Secretary-General (S/2008/523, annex), setting forth the
               request of the Government of Iraq that the United Nations Assistance Mission for
               Iraq (UNAMI) continue to assist Iraqi efforts to build a productive and prosperous
               nation at peace with itself and its neighbours,
                     1.   Decides to extend the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission
               for Iraq (UNAMI) for a period of twelve months from the date of this resolution;
                      2.   Decides further that the Special Representative of the Secretary-General
               and UNAMI, at the request of the Government of Iraq and taking into account the
               letter of 4 August 2008 from the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Iraq to the Secretary-General (S/2008/523, annex), shall continue to pursue their expanded mandate as
               stipulated in resolution 1770 (2007);
                    3.   Recognizes that the security of UN personnel is essential for UNAMI to
               carry out its work for the benefit of the people of Iraq and calls upon the

2                                                                                08-45388

                                                                                S/RES/1830 (2008)

           Government of Iraq and other Member States to continue to provide security and
           logistical support to the UN presence in Iraq;
                 4.   Welcomes the contributions of Member States in providing UNAMI with
           the financial, logistical, and security resources and support that it needs to fulfil its
           mission and calls upon Member States to continue to provide UNAMI with these
           resources and support;
               5.    Expresses its intention to review the mandate of UNAMI in twelve
           months or sooner, if requested by the Government of Iraq;
                 6.   Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Council on a quarterly
           basis on the progress made towards the fulfilment of all UNAMI’s responsibilities;
           and
                7.    Decides to remain seized of the matter.

08-45388                                                                                3

Security Council resolution 1830 (2008) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI)]

S/63 [124] UN ASSISTANCE MISSION FOR IRAQ
S/63 [119] IRAQ SITUATION

UN Assistance Mission for Iraq|Development Fund for Iraq. International Advisory and Monitoring Board|Development Fund for Iraq|Multinational Force in Iraq|UN Assistance Mission for Iraq > Financing|UN. Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq|INTERNAL SECURITY|PETROLEUM REVENUES|POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION|DISPLACED PERSONS|IRAQ|IRAQ SITUATION|STAFF SECURITY|BUDGET CONTRIBUTIONS|NEIGHBOURING STATES|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|REPATRIATION


               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/1831 (2008)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                19 August 2008

               Resolution 1831 (2008)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5957th meeting, on
               19 August 2008

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions concerning the situation in Somalia, in
               particular resolution 733 (1992), resolution 1744 (2007), resolution 1801 (2008),
               resolution 1811 (2008) and resolution 1814 (2008), and other relevant resolutions,
               namely resolution 1325 (2000), resolution 1502 (2003), resolution 1612 (2005),
               resolution 1674 (2006) and resolution 1738 (2006), and the statements of its
               President, in particular those of 14 June 2007 (S/PRST/2007/19) and 19 December
               2007 (S/PRST/2007/49),
                    Reaffirming its respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, political
               independence and unity of Somalia,
                    Underlining the importance of providing and maintaining stability and security
               throughout Somalia, and underscoring the importance of disarmament,
               demobilization and reintegration of militia and ex-combatants in Somalia,
                     Reaffirming its condemnation of all acts of, and incitement to, violence inside
               Somalia, expressing its concern at all acts intended to prevent or block a peaceful
               political process, and expressing its further concern at such acts and incitement
               continuing,
                     Recalling that cooperation between the United Nations and the regional
               arrangements in matters relating to the maintenance of peace and security, as are
               appropriate for regional action, is an integral part of collective security as provided
               for in the Charter of the United Nations,
                    Welcoming the communiqué of the African Union Peace and Security Council
               of 29 June 2008, which states that the African Union will extend from 17 July 2008
               the mandate of its mission to Somalia (AMISOM) for an additional six months,
                     Emphasizing the contribution that AMISOM is making to lasting peace and
               stability in Somalia, welcoming in particular the continuing commitment of the
               Governments of Uganda and Burundi, condemning any hostility towards AMISOM,
               and urging all parties in Somalia and the region to support and cooperate with
               AMISOM,

08-46582 (E)
*0846582*

S/RES/1831 (2008)

                    Welcoming the signature on 19 August 2008 of the agreement between the
               Transitional Federal Government of Somalia and the Alliance of the Re-Liberation
               of Somalia and noting that this agreement calls for the United Nations to authorize
               and deploy an international stabilization force from countries that are friends of
               Somalia excluding neighbouring States,
                     Further noting that the communiqué of the African Union Peace and Security
               Council of 29 June 2008 calls for the United Nations to deploy a peacekeeping
               operation to Somalia that will support the long-term stabilization and post-conflict
               restoration in the country,
                    Recalling its willingness to consider, at an appropriate time, a peacekeeping
               operation to take over from AMISOM, subject to progress in the political process
               and improvement in the security situation on the ground,
                     Underlining that the full deployment of AMISOM will help facilitate the full
               withdrawal of other foreign forces from Somalia and help create the conditions for
               lasting peace and stability there,
                     Determining that the situation in Somalia continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.    Decides to renew the authorization of Member States of the African
               Union to maintain a mission in Somalia for a further period of six months, which
               shall be authorized to take all necessary measures as appropriate to carry out the
               mandate set out in paragraph 9 of resolution 1772 (2007) and underlines, in
               particular, that AMISOM is authorized to take all necessary measures as appropriate
               to provide security for key infrastructure and to contribute, as may be requested and
               within its capabilities, to the creation of the necessary security conditions for the
               provision of humanitarian assistance;
                    2.   Affirms that the provisions set out in paragraphs 11 and 12 of resolution
               1772 (2007) shall continue to apply to the mission referred to in paragraph 1 above;
                     3.   Urges Member States of the African Union to contribute to AMISOM in
               order to help facilitate the full withdrawal of other foreign forces from Somalia and
               help create the conditions for lasting peace and stability there;
                    4.   Urges Member States to provide financial resources, personnel,
               equipment and services for the full deployment of AMISOM;
                     5.   Encourages the Secretary-General to continue to explore with the AU
               Commission Chairperson, in coordination with donors, ways and means to
               strengthen United Nations logistical, political and technical support for the AU, to
               build the AU’s institutional capacity to carry out its commitments in addressing the
               challenges it faces in supporting AMISOM, and to assist AMISOM’s full
               deployment, to the extent possible and as appropriate, with the goal of achieving
               United Nations standards, and, in this regard, takes note of the proposals set out in
               paragraph 32 of the Secretary-General’s report on Somalia of 16 July (S/2008/466);
                    6.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

2                                                                                08-46582

Security Council resolution 1831 (2008) [on renewal of the authorization of the African Union to maintain the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM)]

African Union Mission in Somalia|African Union|African Union. Commission. Chairperson|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|INTERNAL SECURITY|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|SOMALIA|SOMALIA SITUATION|TROOP WITHDRAWAL|FINANCIAL RESOURCES|EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES|TECHNICAL COOPERATION


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/1832 (2008)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               27 August 2008

               Resolution 1832 (2008)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5967th meeting, on
               27 August 2008

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling all its previous resolutions on Lebanon, in particular resolutions 425
               (1978), 426 (1978), 1559 (2004), 1680 (2006), 1701 (2006) and 1773 (2007), as
               well as the statements of its President on the situation in Lebanon,
                      Responding to the request of the Government of Lebanon to extend the
               mandate of UNIFIL for a new period of one year without amendment presented in a
               letter from the Lebanese Prime Minister to the Secretary-General of 18 August 2008
               and welcoming the letter from the Secretary-General to its President of 21 August
               2008 (S/2008/568) recommending this extension,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to the full implementation of all provisions of
               resolution 1701 (2006), and aware of its responsibilities to help secure a permanent
               ceasefire and a long-term solution as envisioned in the resolution,
                    Recalling the relevant principles contained in the Convention on the Safety of
               United Nations and Associated Personnel,
                     Commending the active role and dedication of the personnel of UNIFIL,
               notably of its Commander, and expressing its strong appreciation to Member States
               that contribute to UNIFIL and underlining the necessity that UNIFIL have at its
               disposal all necessary means and equipment to carry out its mandate,
                     Determining that the situation in Lebanon continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security,
                    1.    Decides to extend the present mandate of UNIFIL until 31 August 2009;
                    2.   Commends the positive role of UNIFIL, whose deployment together with
               the Lebanese Armed Forces has helped to establish a new strategic environment in
               southern Lebanon, and welcomes the expansion of coordinated activities between
               UNIFIL and the Lebanese armed forces and encourages further enhancement of this
               cooperation;
                    3.   Calls upon all parties concerned to respect the cessation of hostilities and
               the Blue Line in its entirety and to cooperate fully with the United Nations and
               UNIFIL and to abide scrupulously by their obligation to respect the safety of

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               UNIFIL and other United Nations personnel, including by avoiding any course of
               action which endangers United Nations personnel and by ensuring UNIFIL is
               accorded full freedom of movement within its area of operation;
                     4.    Calls upon all parties to cooperate fully with the Security Council and
               the Secretary-General to achieve a permanent ceasefire and a long-term solution as
               envisioned in resolution 1701 (2006), and emphasizes the need for greater progress
               in this regard;
                    5.    Welcomes the efforts being undertaken by UNIFIL to implement the
               Secretary-General’s zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to
               ensure full compliance of its personnel with the United Nations code of conduct,
               requests the Secretary-General to continue to take all necessary action in this regard
               and to keep the Security Council informed, and urges troop-contributing countries to
               take preventive and disciplinary action to ensure that such acts are properly
               investigated and punished in cases involving their personnel;
                    6.   Requests the Secretary-General to continue to report to the Council on
               the implementation of resolution 1701 (2006) every four months, or at any time as
               he deems appropriate;
                     7.   Stresses the importance of, and the need to achieve, a comprehensive,
               just and lasting peace in the Middle East, based on all its relevant resolutions
               including its resolutions 242 (1967) of 22 November 1967, 338 (1973) of
               22 October 1973, and 1515 (2003) of 19 November 2003;
                    8.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 1832 (2008) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)]

S/63 [57] UN INTERIM FORCE IN LEBANON
S/63 [54] MIDDLE EAST SITUATION
S/63 [56] LEBANON--POLITICAL CONDITIONS

UN Interim Force in Lebanon|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|CEASEFIRES|LEBANON|MIDDLE EAST SITUATION|ARMED FORCES|STAFF SECURITY|FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT|SEXUAL HARASSMENT|SEX CRIMES|CODES OF CONDUCT|TROOP-CONTRIBUTING STATES


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/1833 (2008)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                22 September 2008

               Resolution 1833 (2008)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5977th meeting, on
               22 September 2008

                    The Security Council,
                     Reaffirming its previous resolutions on Afghanistan, in particular its
               resolutions 1386 (2001), 1510 (2003), 1776 (2007) and 1806 (2008),
                     Reaffirming also its resolutions 1267 (1999), 1368 (2001), 1373 (2001) and
               1822 (2008), and reiterating its support for international efforts to root out terrorism
               in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations,
                    Recalling its resolutions 1265 (1999), 1296 (2000), 1674 (2006) and 1738
               (2006) on the protection of civilians in armed conflict, its resolutions 1325 (2000)
               and 1820 (2008) on women and peace and security, and its resolution 1612 (2005)
               on children and armed conflict,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and national unity of Afghanistan,
                     Recognizing that the responsibility for providing security and law and order
               throughout the country resides with the Afghan Authorities, stressing the role of the
               International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in assisting the Afghan Government
               to improve the security situation and welcoming the cooperation of the Afghan
               Government with ISAF,
                     Recognizing once again the interconnected nature of the challenges in
               Afghanistan, reaffirming that sustainable progress on security, governance and
               development, as well as the cross-cutting issue of counter-narcotics is mutually
               reinforcing and welcoming the continuing efforts of the Afghan Government and the
               international community to address these challenges through a comprehensive
               approach,
                     Stressing the central and impartial role that the United Nations continues to
               play in promoting peace and stability in Afghanistan by leading the efforts of the
               international community, noting, in this context, the synergies in the objectives of
               the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) and of ISAF, and
               stressing the need for strengthened cooperation, coordination and mutual support,
               taking due account of their respective designated responsibilities,

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                     Expressing its strong concern about the security situation in Afghanistan, in
               particular the increased violent and terrorist activities by the Taliban, Al-Qaida,
               illegally armed groups, criminals and those involved in the narcotics trade, and the
               increasingly strong links between terrorism activities and illicit drugs, resulting in
               threats to the local population, including children, national security forces and
               international military and civilian personnel,
                    Encouraging ISAF to further, effectively support, within its designated
               responsibilities, Afghan-led sustained efforts to address, in cooperation with
               relevant international and regional actors, the threat posed by the illicit production
               of and trafficking in drugs,
                     Expressing also its concern over the harmful consequences of violent and
               terrorist activities by the Taliban, Al-Qaida and other extremist groups on the
               capacity of the Afghan Government to guarantee the rule of law, to provide security
               and basic services to the Afghan people, and to ensure the full enjoyment of their
               human rights and fundamental freedoms,
                       Reiterating its support for the continuing endeavours by the Afghan
               Government, with the assistance of the international community, including ISAF
               and the Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) coalition, to improve the security
               situation and to continue to address the threat posed by the Taliban, Al-Qaida and
               other extremist groups, and stressing in this context the need for sustained
               international efforts, including those of ISAF and the OEF coalition,
                      Condemning in the strongest terms all attacks, including Improvised
               Explosive Device (IED) attacks, suicide attacks and abductions, targeting civilians
               and Afghan and international forces and their deleterious effect on the stabilization,
               reconstruction and development efforts in Afghanistan, and condemning further the
               use by the Taliban and other extremist group of civilians as human shields,
                       Recognizing the increased threats posed by the Taliban, Al-Qaida and other
               extremist groups as well as the challenges related to the efforts to address such
               threats, expressing its serious concern with the high number of civilian casualties in
               this context, noting relevant statements of Afghan authorities and high-ranking UN
               officials, as well as Press Statements of the President of the Security Council, in this
               regard, and calling for compliance with international humanitarian and human rights
               law and for all appropriate measures to be taken to ensure the protection of
               civilians,
                      Recognizing the efforts taken by ISAF and other international forces to
               minimize the risk of civilian casualties, and calling on them to take additional
               robust efforts in this regard, notably by the continuous review of tactics and
               procedures and the conduct of after-action reviews and investigations in cooperation
               with the Afghan Government in cases where civilian casualties have occurred and
               when the Afghan Government finds these joint investigations appropriate,
                      Stressing the need for further progress in security sector reform, including
               further strengthening of the Afghan National Army and in particular of the Afghan
               National Police, disbandment of illegal armed groups, justice sector reform and
               counter narcotics,
                      Stressing in this context the importance of further progress in the
               reconstruction and reform of the prison sector in Afghanistan, in order to improve
               the respect for the rule of law and human rights therein,

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                                                                                S/RES/1833 (2008)

                   Reiterating its call on all Afghan parties and groups to engage constructively
           in peaceful political dialogue within the framework of the Afghan Constitution and
           in the socio-economic development of the country and to avoid resorting to violence
           including through the use of illegal armed groups, and encouraging the
           implementation of Afghan-led reconciliation programmes within the framework of
           the Afghan Constitution and with full respect of the implementation of measures
           introduced by the Security Council in its resolution 1267 (1999) and other relevant
           resolutions of the Council,
                  Recalling the leading role that the Afghan Authorities will play for the
           organization of the next presidential elections, with the assistance of the United
           Nations, and stressing the importance of the assistance to be provided to the Afghan
           Authorities by ISAF in ensuring a secure environment conducive to the elections,
                  Recognizing the importance of the contribution of neighbouring and regional
           partners for the stabilization of Afghanistan, and stressing the crucial importance of
           advancing regional cooperation as an effective means to promote security,
           governance and development in Afghanistan,
                  Welcoming the continued coordination between ISAF and the OEF coalition,
           and the cooperation established between ISAF and the European Union presence in
           Afghanistan, in particular its police mission (EUPOL Afghanistan),
                  Expressing its appreciation for the leadership provided by the North Atlantic
           Treaty Organization (NATO), and for the contributions of many nations to ISAF and
           to the OEF coalition, including its maritime interdiction component, which operates
           within the framework of the counter-terrorism operations in Afghanistan and in
           accordance with the applicable rules of international law,
                  Determining that the situation in Afghanistan still constitutes a threat to
           international peace and security,
                  Determined to ensure the full implementation of the mandate of ISAF, in
           coordination with the Afghan Government,
                Acting for these reasons under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United
           Nations,
                1.    Decides to extend the authorization of the International Security
           Assistance Force, as defined in resolution 1386 (2001) and 1510 (2003), for a period
           of twelve months beyond 13 October 2008;
               2.    Authorizes the Member States participating in ISAF to take all necessary
           measures to fulfil its mandate;
                 3.   Recognizes the need to further strengthen ISAF to meet all its operational
           requirements, and in this regard calls upon Member States to contribute personnel,
           equipment and other resources to ISAF, and to make contributions to the Trust Fund
           established pursuant to resolution 1386 (2001);
                 4.   Stresses the importance of increasing, in a comprehensive framework, the
           functionality, professionalism and accountability of the Afghan security sector,
           encourages ISAF and other partners to sustain their efforts, as resources permit, to
           train, mentor and empower the Afghan national security forces, in order to
           accelerate progress towards the goal of self-sufficient and ethnically balanced
           Afghan security forces providing security and ensuring the rule of law throughout
           the country, welcomes in this context the progress achieved by the Afghan

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               Authorities in assuming lead security responsibility for Kabul, and stresses the
               importance of supporting the planned expansion of the Afghan National Army;
                    5.    Calls upon ISAF to continue to work in close consultation with the
               Afghan Government and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General as well
               as with the OEF coalition in the implementation of the force mandate;
                    6.    Requests the leadership of ISAF to keep the Security Council regularly
               informed, through the Secretary-General, on the implementation of its mandate,
               including through the provision of quarterly reports;
                    7.   Decides to remain actively seized of this matter.

4                                                                                08-51449

Security Council resolution 1833 (2008) [on extension of the authorization of the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan (ISAF)]

International Security Assistance Force|Afghan National Police|UN. Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan|Operation Enduring Freedom Coalition|UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan|Taliban (Afghanistan)|Qaida (Organization)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|SPECIAL MISSIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|TECHNICAL COOPERATION|AFGHANISTAN|AFGHANISTAN SITUATION|BUDGET CONTRIBUTIONS|TRUST FUNDS|SECURITY SECTOR REFORM|TRAINING PROGRAMMES|REPORT PREPARATION