               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2388 (2017)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                21 November 2017

               Resolution 2388 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8111th meeting, on
               21 November 2017

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling Presidential Statement 2015/25, Resolution 2331 (2016),
                    Taking note of the Secretary-General’s report S/2017/939,
                    Recalling its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace
               and security, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations,
                     Taking note of the efforts undertaken by United Nations entities and
               international and regional bodies to implement Resolution 2331 (2016), including
               the development of a Thematic Paper on trafficking in persons in conflict situations,
               the establishment of the Task Team on anti-trafficking in humanitarian action within
               the Global Protection Cluster, the development by UNODC of a structured system
               of data collection on trafficking in persons in the context of armed conflict,
               including through the publication of the 2016 Global Report on Trafficking in
               Persons, and the inclusion by the Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive
               Directorate, within the existing mandate, under the policy guidance of the Counter
               Terrorism Committee, and in close cooperation with UNODC and other relevant
               entities, in its country assessments, as appropriate, of information regarding
               Member States efforts to address the issue of trafficking in persons where it is
               committed for the purpose of supporting terrorism, including through the financing
               of or recruitment for the commission of terrorist acts,
                     Recalling the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized
               Crime, and its Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons,
               Especially Women and Children, which includes the first internationally agreed
               definition of the crime of trafficking in persons and provides a framework to
               effectively prevent and combat trafficking in persons, and further recalling the
               United Nations Global Plan of Action to Combat Trafficking in Persons,
                    Recognizing that trafficking in persons in areas affected by armed conflict and
               post-conflict situations can be for the purpose of various forms of exploitation,
               including exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual
               exploitation, forced labour, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the
               removal of organs; further recognizing that trafficking in persons in armed conflict
               and post-conflict situations can also be associated with sexual violence in conflict
               and that women and children in situations of armed conflict and persons forcibly

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               displaced by armed conflict, including refugees, can be especially vulnerable to
               trafficking in persons in armed conflict and to these forms of exploitation,
                     Recalling the Political Declaration on the implementation of the United
               Nations Global Plan of Action to Combat Trafficking in Persons, adopted by the
               General Assembly on 27 September 2017, and further welcoming the resolve of
               Member States expressed therein to take decisive concerted action to end trafficking
               in persons, wherever it may occur,
                    Reiterating deep concern that despite its condemnation of acts of trafficking in
               persons in areas affected by armed conflict, such acts continue to occur,
                     Reiterating its solidarity with victims of trafficking in persons in armed
               conflict and post-conflict situations and noting the importance of providing them
               with appropriate care, assistance and services for their physical, psychological and
               social recovery, rehabilitation and reintegration, in full respect of their huma n rights
               and in a manner that takes full account of the extreme trauma they have suffered and
               the risk of further victimization and stigmatization,
                    Reaffirming that trafficking in persons in the context of armed conflict,
               especially women and girls, cannot and should not be associated with any religion,
               nationality or civilization,
                    Recalling resolutions 2359 (2017) and 2374 (2017), which express concern
               over the serious challenges posed by different forms of transnational organized
               crime, including trafficking in persons and the smuggling of migrants in the Sahel
               region, and recalling also resolutions 2240 (2015) and 2380 (2017), which express
               concern that the situation in Libya is exacerbated by the smuggling of migrants and
               human trafficking into, through and from the Libyan territory, which could provide
               support to other organized crime and terrorist networks in Libya,
                     Reiterating the critical importance of all Member States fully implementing
               relevant Security Council resolutions, including resolutio ns 2195 (2014), 2253
               (2015), 2199 (2015) and 2368 (2017), which express concern that terrorists benefit
               from transnational organized crime in some regions, including from trafficking in
               persons, as well as 2242 (2015), which expresses concern that acts of sexual
               violence and gender-based violence are known to be part of the strategic objectives
               and ideology of certain terrorist groups used as a tactic of terrorism and an
               instrument to increase their finances and their power through recruitment and the
               destruction of communities; and further reiterating the connection between
               trafficking in persons, sexual violence and terrorism and other organized criminal
               activities, which can prolong and exacerbate conflict and instability or intensify its
               impact on civilian populations,
                     Recognizing the need to continue to foster a global partnership against
               trafficking in persons among all stakeholders, including inter alia, through bilateral,
               multilateral and regional processes and initiatives,
                     Recognizing that trafficking in persons entails the violation or abuse of human
               rights and underscoring that certain acts or offences associated with trafficking in
               persons in the context of armed conflict may constitute war crimes; and recalling
               further the responsibilities of States to end impunity and to prosecute those
               responsible for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes as well as other
               crimes and the need for States to adopt appropriate measures within their national
               legal systems for those crimes for which they are required under international law to
               exercise their responsibility to investigate and prosecute,
                    Condemning in the strongest terms continued gross, systematic and
               widespread abuses of human rights and violations of international humanitarian law

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           by ISIL (also known as Da’esh); and abductions of women and children by ISIL,
           ANF, and associated individuals, groups, undertakings, and entities and expressing
           outrage at their exploitation and abuse, including rape and sexual violence, forced
           marriage and enslavement by these entities, encouraging all State and non-state
           actors with evidence to bring it to the attention of the Council, along with any
           information that human trafficking and related forms of exploitation and abuse may
           support the perpetrators financially, emphasizing that States are required to ensure
           that their nationals and persons within their territory do not make available any
           funds, financial assets or economic resources for ISIL’s benefit, and noting that any
           person or entity who transfers funds to ISIL directly or indirectly in connection with
           such exploitation and abuse would be eligible for listing by the Security Council
           Committee established pursuant to resolutions 1267 (1999), 1989 (2011), 2253
           (2015) and 2368 (2017) concerning ISIL (Da’esh), Al-Qaida and associated
           individuals, groups, undertakings and entities,
                 Recognizing that persons affected by armed conflict and fleeing conflict are at
           great risk of being subjected to trafficking in persons, and stressing the need to
           prevent and identify instances of trafficking in persons among those forcibly
           displaced or otherwise affected by armed conflict,
                 Expressing grave concern over the high numbers of women and children
           subjected to trafficking in armed conflicts, and recognizing that acts of trafficking in
           persons are often associated with other violations of applicable international law
           and other abuses, including those involving recruitment and use, abduction and
           sexual violence including, inter alia, rape, sexual slavery, forced prostitu tion and
           forced pregnancy; and calling on all Member States to hold perpetrators accountable
           and to assist victims in their recovery and reintegration,
                Reiterating its grave concern over the abduction of children in situations of
           armed conflict, the majority of which are perpetrated by non-State armed groups,
           recognizing that abductions occur in a variety of settings, including schools, further
           recognizing that abduction often precedes or follows other abuses and violations of
           applicable international law against children, including those involving recruitment
           and use, killing and maiming, as well as rape and other forms of sexual violence,
           which may amount to war crimes or crimes against humanity, and calling on all
           Member States to hold perpetrators of abductions accountable,
                 Expressing deep concern over the heightened vulnerability to exploitation and
           abuse of children forcibly displaced by armed conflict, particularly when separated
           from their families or caregivers, and underlining the need to ensure protection of
           all unaccompanied children who are victims of or those vulnerable to trafficking in
           persons through their prompt identification and immediate assistance taking into
           account their specific needs,
                Condemning all violations and abuses against children in armed conflict,
           including trafficking in persons and recalling all its resolutions on children and
           armed conflict that call for the protection of children, and in particular Resolution
           1261 (1999) as well as Resolution 1612 (2005), establishing the Monitoring and
           Reporting Mechanism on children and armed conflict,
                Noting measures taken by UN peacekeeping and special political missions in
           accordance with their mandates, to assist host States in exercising their primary
           responsibility to prevent and combat trafficking in persons, also noting measures
           taken by Member States to provide pre-deployment training on trafficking in
           persons to personnel that will be deployed in UN peacekeeping missions and
           encouraging further action in this area,

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                    Noting the initiative by Department of Peacekeeping Operations, the
               Department of Field Support and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime to
               develop a training module on human trafficking and smuggling of migrants for in
               mission training of police personnel in selected peacekeeping missions, where
               applicable,
                     Underscoring the need for improved collection, also through relevant data
               base systems managed by international organizations, including UNODC and
               INTERPOL, of timely, objective, accurate and reliable data on trafficking in persons
               in situations of conflict, disaggregated by sex, age and other relevant factors, as well
               as on financial flows associated with trafficking in persons,
                     Reaffirming the need to ensure organization and coherence in the efforts of the
               United Nations System to address trafficking in persons in areas affected by armed
               conflict or in post conflict situations and further recognizing the need to continue to
               work towards an enhanced comprehensive and coordinated approach to prevent and
               combat trafficking, which can contribute to sustainable peace and stability,
                     1.    Reaffirms its condemnation in the strongest terms of all instances of
               trafficking in persons, especially women and children, who make up the vast
               majority of all victims of trafficking in persons in areas affected by armed conflicts,
               and stresses that trafficking in persons undermines the rule of law and contributes to
               other forms of transnational organized crime, which can exacerbate conflict and
               foster insecurity and instability and undermine development;
                    2.    Urges Members States to consider, as a matter of priority, ratifying or
               acceding to, and for States Parties to effectively implement, the United Nations
               Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and its supplementing Protocol
               to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and
               Children, as well as all relevant international instruments;
                     3.    Calls upon Member States to reinforce their political commitment to and
               improve their implementation of applicable legal obligations to criminalize, prevent,
               and otherwise combat trafficking in persons, and to strengthen efforts to detect and
               disrupt trafficking in persons, including implementing robust victim identification
               mechanisms and providing access to protection and assistance for identified victims,
               including in relation to areas affected by armed conflict; underscores in this regard
               the importance of international law enforcement cooperation, including with respect
               to investigation and prosecution of trafficking cases and, in this regard, calls for the
               continued support of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in
               providing technical assistance to Member States upon request;
                     4.    Further calls upon Member States, where appropriate, to review, amend
               and implement anti-trafficking and related legislation to ensure that all forms of
               trafficking in persons, including when it is committed in situations of armed conf lict
               or by armed and terrorist groups are addressed, and to consider establishing
               jurisdiction to end the impunity of offenders in line with art. 15 of the UN
               Convention against Transnational Organized Crime;
                    5.    Also calls upon Member States to step up their efforts to investigate,
               disrupt and dismantle networks engaging in trafficking in persons in areas affected
               by armed conflict and to take all appropriate measures to collect, preserve and store
               evidence of human trafficking;
                    6.    Calls upon Member States to combat crimes that might be connected
               with trafficking in persons in areas affected by armed conflict, such as money -
               laundering, corruption, the smuggling of migrants and other forms of organized
               crime, including by making use of financial investigations in order to identify and

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           analyse financial intelligence, as well as by reinforcing regional and international
           operational law enforcement cooperation;
                7.    Calls upon Member States to strengthen compliance with international
           Anti-Money Laundering/Combatting the Financing of Terrorism standards and
           increase capacity to conduct proactive financial investigations to track and disrupt
           human trafficking and identify potential linkages with terrorism financing;
                 8.   Urges Member States, while addressing trafficking in persons in areas
           affected by armed conflicts, to adopt a multi-dimensional approach that includes
           incorporating information on the risks of trafficking in persons into school curricula
           and training programs;
                 9.   Encourages Member States to increase efforts to collect, analyse and
           share through appropriate channels and arrangements and consistent with
           international and domestic law data relating to financial flows associated with
           human trafficking and the extent and nature of financing of terror ism activities
           through human trafficking activities, and to provide, where applicable, Counter -
           Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (CTED) and the Analytical Support and
           Sanctions Monitoring Team with relevant information pertaining to linkages
           between human trafficking and terrorist financing;
                 10. Reiterates its condemnation of all acts of trafficking, particularly the sale
           or trade in persons undertaken by the “Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant” (ISIL,
           also known as Da’esh), including of Yazidis and other persons belonging to
           religious and ethnic minorities, and of any such trafficking in persons crimes and
           other violations and abuses committed by Boko Haram, Al-Shabaab, the Lord’s
           Resistance Army, and other terrorist or armed groups for the purpo se of sexual
           slavery, sexual exploitation, and forced labour, and underscores the importance of
           collecting and preserving evidence relating to such acts in order to ensure that those
           responsible can be held accountable;
                 11. Requests the Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team, when
           consulting with Member States, to continue including in their discussions the issue
           of trafficking in persons in areas of armed conflict and the use of sexual violence in
           armed conflict as it relates to ISIL (also known as Da’esh), Al-Qaida and associated
           individuals, groups, undertakings and entities and to report to the Security Council
           Committee established pursuant to resolutions 1267 (1999), 1989 (2011), 2253
           (2015) and 2368 (2017) on these discussions as appropriate;
                  12. Requests the Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate
           (CTED), within its existing mandate, under the policy guidance of the Counter -
           Terrorism Committee (CTC), and in close cooperation with UNODC and other
           relevant entities, to increase its efforts to include in CTED’s country assessments, as
           appropriate, information regarding Member States efforts to address the issue of
           trafficking in persons where it is committed for the purpose of supporting terrorism,
           including through the financing of or recruitment for the commission of terrorist acts;
                 13. Calls upon Member States to enhance the capabilities of professionals
           interacting with persons forcibly displaced by armed conflict, including refugees,
           such as law enforcement, border control officials and criminal justice systems
           personnel of refugee and displaced persons reception facilities, to identify victims
           or persons vulnerable to trafficking, to adopt gender and age sensitive assistance,
           including adequate psychosocial support and health services, regardless of their
           participation in criminal investigations and proceedings;
                 14. Recognizes the need to strengthen the identification, registration,
           protection, assistance for forcibly displaced persons, including refugees and
           stateless persons, who are victims of trafficking or at risk of being trafficked;

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                     15. Encourages Member States to use refugee registration mechanisms to
               assess vulnerability and identify potential victims of trafficking as well as their
               specific assistance needs, and in this regard encourages Member States to develop
               informative material to explain to victims of trafficking in persons who are refugees
               their rights and avenues for assistance, so as to enable them to engage with relevant
               authorities and access services and psychosocial support that are available to them;
                     16. Encourages Member States, in particular transit and destination States
               receiving persons forcibly displaced by armed conflict, to develop and use early -
               warning and early-screening frameworks of potential or imminent risk of trafficking
               in persons to proactively and expediently detect victims and persons vulnerable to
               trafficking, with special attention to women and children, especially those
               unaccompanied;
                     17. Urges Member States thoroughly to assess the individual situation of
               persons released from the captivity of armed and terrorist groups so as to enable
               prompt identification of victims of trafficking, their treatment as victims of crime
               and to consider, in line with domestic legislation, not pros ecuting or punishing
               victims of trafficking for unlawful activities they committed as a direct result of
               having being subjected to trafficking;
                     18. Strongly condemns violations of international law, especially those which
               affect children in situations of armed conflict, including those involving killing and
               maiming, sexual violence, abduction and forced displacement, recruitment and use
               of children in armed conflict, attacks against schools and hospitals, denial of
               humanitarian access and trafficking in persons;
                    19. Urges Member States to identify children who are victims of trafficking
               and those who are unaccompanied or separated from their families and caregivers,
               to ensure, where relevant, their timely registration and to consider their particular
               protection needs, including, as appropriate, by referring them to the relevant child
               protection authorities regardless of their immigration status;
                     20. Recognizes the importance of providing timely and appropriate
               reintegration and rehabilitation assistance to children affected by armed conflict,
               while ensuring that the specific needs of girls and boys as well as children with
               disabilities are addressed, including access to health care, psychosocial support, and
               education programmes that contribute to the well-being of children and to
               sustainable peace and security and encourages relevant international organizations
               and civil societies organizations to assist Member States’ efforts in this regard;
                     21. Urges Member States to refrain from the use of administrative detention
               of children, especially those victims of trafficking in persons, for violations of
               immigration laws and regulations, unless as a measure of last resort, in the least
               restrictive setting, for the shortest possible period of time, under conditi ons that
               respect their human rights and in a manner that takes into account, as a primary
               consideration, the best interest of the child and encourages them to work towards
               the ending of this practice;
                     22. Requests the Secretary-General to further explore, as appropriate, links
               between the trafficking of children in conflict situations and the grave violations
               against children affected by armed conflict as determined by the United Nations,
               with a view to addressing all violations and abuses against children in armed
               conflict;
                    23. Welcomes further briefings on trafficking in persons in armed conflict, as
               necessary, by relevant United Nations entities, including the Executive Director of
               UNODC, UNHCR, and other international and regional bodies such as IOM, and
               encourages Member States to provide to UNODC information on victims of

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           trafficking from areas affected by conflict or victims trafficked into conflict areas
           for inclusion within the existing reporting obligations;
                 24. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure that the thematic paper on
           trafficking in persons in conflict situations developed by UNODC in consultation
           with relevant United Nations agencies and other international bodies is disseminated
           within the UN system, and encourages relevant United Nations agencies and entities
           to use it in their respective activities in accordance with their mandates and develop
           their capability to assess and respond to situations of trafficking in persons in armed
           conflict;
                25. Expresses its intention, to give greater consideration, where appropriate,
           to how peacekeeping and special political missions, can assist host States in
           exercising their primary responsibility to prevent and combat trafficking in persons,
           and requests the Secretary-General to ensure that assessments of country situations
           conducted upon the Security Council’s request on such missions include, where
           relevant, anti-trafficking research and expertise;
                 26. Requests the Secretary-General, in consultation with Member States, to
           ensure, where appropriate, that training of relevant personnel of special political and
           peacekeeping missions include, on the basis of a preliminary assessment and taking
           also into account the protection and assistance needs of the victims of trafficking in
           persons, specific information enabling them, within their mandates, to identify,
           confirm, respond to and report on situations of trafficking in persons;
                 27. Reiterates its intention to integrate the issue of trafficking in persons in
           areas affected by armed conflict into the work of relevant Security Council
           Sanctions Committees where in accordance with their mandates, and expresses its
           intention to invite all relevant Special Representatives of the Secretary -General,
           including the Special Representative of the Secretary -General for Children and
           Armed Conflict and the Special Representative of the Secretary -General on Sexual
           Violence in Conflict, to brief these sanctions committees, as necessary, in
           accordance with the Committee’s rules of procedure and to provide relevant
           information, including, if applicable, the names of individuals involved in the
           trafficking in persons who meet the committees’ designation criteria;
                 28. Also requests the Secretary-General to ensure that members of the
           Monitoring Groups, teams and panels supporting the work of relevant sanctions
           committees build their technical capacity to identify and report on instances of
           trafficking in persons encountered in the discharge of their duties and in accordance
           with their respective mandates, and further requests the Secretary-General to ensure
           that the Monitoring and Reporting Arrangements on sexual violence in areas
           affected by armed conflict systematically collect data on conflict -related trafficking
           in persons for the purpose of sexual violence or exploi tation;
                 29. Invites the Secretary-General to ensure that the work of the Investigative
           Team established pursuant to Resolution 2379 (2017) is informed by relevant
           anti-trafficking research and expertise and that its efforts to collect evidence on
           trafficking in persons offences are gender-sensitive, victim centred, traumainformed, rights-based and not prejudicial to the safety and security of victims;
                 30. Calls upon Member States to cooperate with the Investigative Team
           established pursuant to Resolution 2379 (2017), including through mutual
           arrangements on legal assistance, where necessary and appropriate, and in particular
           to provide it with any relevant information as appropriate they may possess
           pertaining to its mandate under that resolution;
                31. Calls upon United Nations system organizations to enhance transparency
           in their procurement and supply chains and step up their efforts to strengthen

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               protections against trafficking in persons in all United Nations procurement and to
               that effect request major suppliers to establish and implement anti-human
               trafficking policies and disclose information on measures taken to counter
               trafficking in persons in their operations and supply chains;
                    32. Welcomes efforts aimed at developing a coordinated response within the
               United Nations System to prevent and counter trafficking in persons in situations of
               armed conflict and to protect its victims, and requests all United Nations entities
               involved in combatting trafficking in persons to actively participate in the regular
               work of existing mechanisms, especially the Inter-Agency Coordination Group
               against Trafficking in Persons which was established to foster coordination among
               United Nations entities and other international organizations;
                     33. Invites the Secretary-General to include in relevant regular reports on
               special political and peacekeeping missions, information on efforts undertaken,
               within their mandates, to assist the host-States institutions in preventing and
               combating trafficking in persons and in protecting and assisting victims of
               trafficking, in particular women and children;
                     34. Requests the Secretary-General to follow-up on the implementation of
               this resolution and report back to the Security Council on progress made within 12
               months;
                    35.   Decides to remain actively seized of this matter.

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Security Council resolution 2388 (2017) [on trafficking in persons in armed conflicts]

UN Office on Drugs and Crime|Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (Organization)|UN. Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 1373 (2001) concerning Counter-Terrorism. Executive Directorate|UN. Security Council. Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team Established pursuant to Resolution 1526 (2004)|UN Investigative Team to Promote Accountability for Crimes Committed by Da'esh/Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant|TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|TRANSNATIONAL CRIME|LAW ENFORCEMENT|TERRORISM|COUNTER-TERRORISM|GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE|CRIME VICTIMS

S/72 [304] TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS
S/72 [201] WOMEN IN ARMED CONFLICTS
S/72 [187] CHILDREN IN ARMED CONFLICTS
S/72 [10] INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
S/72 [31] TERRORISM


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2389 (2017)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                8 December 2017

               Resolution 2389 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8125th meeting, on
               8 December 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Taking note of the report of the Secretary-General on the implementation of
               the Peace, Security and Cooperation (PSC) Framework for the Democratic Republic
               of the Congo (DRC) and the Region,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of all States in the region and emphasizing the need to respect
               fully the principles of non-interference, good-neighbourliness and regional
               cooperation,
                    Recalling that the Governments of the region bear the primary responsibility to
               protect civilians within their territories and subject to their jurisdiction, including
               protection from crimes against humanity and war crimes,
                     Expressing concern over the significant increase in the numbers of refugees
               and internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the Great Lakes region over the past year,
               totalling now more than 7 million internally displaced persons and 3.5 million
               refugees, and stressing the link between forced displacement and instability and
               insecurity in the region,
                     Reiterating its deep concern regarding the security and humanitarian crisis in
               the DRC exacerbated by destabilizing activities of foreign and domestic armed
               groups, stressing the importance of neutralizing armed groups in the DRC, and
               recognizing the importance of efforts of the Forces Armées de la République
               démocratique du Congo (FARDC) and the United Nations Organization
               Stabilisation Mission in the DRC (MONUSCO), including by conducting joint
               operations, in accordance with its mandate as stipulated in resolution 2348 (2017),
                     Welcoming the credible and peaceful conduct of elections in some States of the
               Great Lakes region, and noting, however, that recent and ongoing electoral
               processes in some countries of the Great Lakes region raise deep concerns about the
               risk of instability, insecurity, the potential for violence, human rights violations and
               abuses and violations of international humanitarian law and further d isplacement of
               people which impact all countries of the Great Lakes region,
                    Expressing concern at the illicit flow of weapons within and into the DRC,
               including their recirculation to and between armed groups, in violation of resolution
               2360 (2017), and declaring its determination to continue to monitor closely the

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               implementation of the arms embargo and other measures set out by its resolutions
               concerning the DRC, and acknowledging in this respect the important contribution
               the Council-mandated arms embargo makes to countering the illicit transfer of small
               arms and light weapons in the DRC, and in supporting post -conflict peacebuilding,
               disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of ex-combatants and security sector
               reform,
                    Expressing further concern at the illegal exploitation and trafficking of natural
               resources by armed groups among others, and the negative impact of armed conflict
               on protected natural areas, which undermines lasting peace and develo pment for the
               DRC, and encouraging the Government of the DRC to strengthen efforts to
               safeguard those areas,
                     Recalling the linkage between the illegal exploitation and trade of natural
               resources, including poaching and illegal trafficking of wildlife, an d the
               proliferation and trafficking of arms as one of the major factors fuelling and
               exacerbating conflicts in the Great Lakes region, and encouraging the continuation
               of the regional efforts of the International Conference of the Great Lakes Region
               (ICGLR) and the governments involved against the illegal exploitation of natural
               resources, and stressing, in this regard, the importance of regional cooperation and
               deepening economic integration with special consideration for the exploitation of
               natural resources,
                    Reaffirming that the Peace, Security and Cooperation (PSC) Framework
               remains an essential mechanism to achieve durable peace and stability in the DRC
               and the Region, noting and supporting the renewed commitment of its signatories
               towards its full implementation, and reiterating its call to all signatories to fulfil
               promptly, fully and in good faith their respective commitments under this
               Framework in order to address the root causes of conflict and put an end to
               recurring cycles of violence, and promote lasting regional development,
                     Recalling the strategic importance of the implementation of the PSC
               Framework, and welcoming the commitment of the AU Peace and Security Council,
               as expressed in its communique of 7 November 2017, to ensure the implement ation
               of the PSC Framework, and echoing its call upon all the signatory states and the
               Guarantors of the Framework to redouble their efforts, in order to ensure effective
               implementation of all aspects of the Framework,
                     Recalling the commitments under the PSC Framework by all States of the
               region not to interfere in the internal affairs of neighbouring countries, and to
               neither tolerate nor provide assistance or support of any kind to armed groups, and
               reiterating its strong condemnation of any and all internal or external support to
               armed groups active in the region, including through financial, logistical or military
               support, and not to harbour war criminals,
                     Stressing that the 2006 Pact on Security, Stability and Development in the
               Great Lakes Region and the PSC Framework for the Democratic Republic of the
               Congo and the region are mutually reinforcing, and are crucial tools to achieve long
               term peace and prosperity, emphasizing that the PSC Framework demonstrates that
               peace, security and development are interlinked and underscores the importance of
               strengthening regional cooperation, including the deepening of economic
               integration,
                     Mindful that solutions to the prevailing situation in the Great Lakes region
               should come within a regional perspective, by addressing the root causes of
               conflicts including their developmental aspects, many of which are regional in
               nature; with cross-border issues linked to the eastern DRC assuming crucial

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           significance, including the large flows of natural resources, migrants and refugees,
           and activities of armed groups and criminal networks across the borders,
                1.    Welcomes the renewed commitment of all the signatory states of the PSC
           Framework towards its full implementation, as expressed in the Communique of the
           Eighth High-Level Meeting of the Regional Oversight Mechanism, held in
           Brazzaville, Republic of Congo, on 19 October 2017, reaffirms that the PSC
           Framework remains an essential mechanism to achieve durable peace and stability
           in the DRC and the Region, and stresses in this regard the importance of the
           signatory States fully implementing their national and regional commitments under
           the PSC Framework;
                 2.   Welcomes also the progress under the Regional Plan of action for the
           Implementation of the Regional Commitments under the PSC Framework, including
           the recent activities in the areas of youth and women, combating illegal exploitation
           of natural resources and judicial cooperation, as well as the endorsement of the
           updated list of Priority Activities of the Regional Plan of Action;
                 3.   Encourages enhanced cooperation among all signatory states of the PSC
           Framework, with the support of its Guarantors, namely the African Union, the
           International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR), the Southern African
           Development Community (SADC) and the United Nations, towards its full
           implementation;
                 4.   Strongly condemns all armed groups operating in the region and their
           violations of international humanitarian law, as well as other applicable
           international law, and abuses of human rights, including attacks on the civilian
           population, MONUSCO peacekeepers and humanitarian actors, summary
           executions, sexual and gender-based violence and large scale recruitment and use of
           children, and reiterates that those responsible should be held accountable;
                5.     Demands that all armed groups operating in the DRC, including the
           FDLR, the ADF, the LRA, cease immediately all forms of violence and other
           destabilizing activities, including the exploitation of natural resources, and that their
           members immediately and permanently disband, lay down their arms, and liberate
           and demobilize all children from their ranks, recalls in this regard its resolution
           2360 (2017) renewing the sanctions regime, and further calls for disarmament of
           FDLR active leadership and combatants, who were perpetrators of the 1994
           genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, during which Hutu a nd others who opposed
           the genocide were also killed, and have continued to promote and commit
           ethnically-based and other killings in Rwanda and the DRC;
                6.    Reiterates its call to all signatory States under the PSC Framework to
           redouble their efforts in order to fully and promptly implement their commitments
           in good faith, including not interfering in the internal affairs of neighbouring
           countries, neither tolerating nor providing assistance or support of any kind to
           armed groups, and not harbouring war criminals, and calls on the Government of
           the DRC, which has the primary responsibility for safeguarding the DRC ’s
           sovereignty and territorial integrity, to make further progress in implementing its
           commitments under the PSC Framework, in particular as regards security sector
           reform, consolidation of State authority, reconciliation, tolerance and
           democratization;
                 7.   Calls on the Government of the DRC, with the support of the countries
           of the region in line with their commitment under the PSC Framework, and in close
           collaboration with MONUSCO, including by conducting joint operations in
           accordance with its mandate as stipulated in resolution 2348 (2017), to vigorously
           pursue the neutralization of all armed groups still active in the Eastern DRC, and

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               stresses the need to protect the civilian population, including through professional,
               accountable and sustainable security forces, and to carry out operations in strict
               compliance with international law, including international humanitarian law and
               international human rights law, as applicable;
                     8.    Welcomes the commitment of the signatory states of the PSC Framework
               to complete without precondition the repatriation of the FDLR disarmed combatants
               and former M23 combatants within the shortest time frame possible, urges the
               Governments of the region, with the support of the PSC Guarantors, to strengthen
               their collaboration to meet the agreed timeframe;
                     9.   Requests the Governments of the DRC, Uganda and Rwanda to
               strengthen their collaboration to ensure the repatriation of former M23 combatants
               located in their territories consistent with the Nairobi declarations and in line with
               commitments under the PSC Framework, calls upon the Guarantors of PSC
               framework to continue their engagement with the stakeholders towards the
               resumption of the joint consultation between the DRC Government and the former
               M23 leadership initiated in 2016 under the auspices of the Guarantors, and further
               urges the former M23 leadership to cooperate fully with the repatriation of former
               combatants consistent with its commitment under the Nairobi declaration;
                    10. Reiterates its call for a suitable solution for the relocation of elements of
               the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army-in Opposition (SPLM/A-iO)
               currently present in the DRC, welcomes the spirit of collaboration displayed by the
               Governments of DRC and South Sudan and the progress achieved thus far in this
               regard with the support of MONUSCO and the Office of the Special Envoy for th e
               Great Lakes Region, and calls on all regional actors and the international
               community to support these efforts;
                     11. Commends the efforts of the African Union, as well as the subregional
               organizations in particular ECCAS, EAC, ICGLR and SADC, towards su pporting
               political processes and finding peaceful solutions for the conflict situations in the
               region;
                     12. Urges continued regional and international support for initiatives aimed
               at promoting inclusive dialogue amongst national stakeholders and stresses the
               importance of opening political space to enable the full and free participation of
               peaceful political parties, civil society and the media as well as the full participation
               of both men and women in the political process, urges international and regional
               support for strengthening and improving capacity for elections and governance in
               the countries of the region, and calls on member states in the Great Lakes region to
               take steps to ensure that electoral processes promote peace and security through
               timely, peaceful, inclusive and credible elections, in line with countries ’ own
               constitutions and the African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance, as
               applicable;
                     13. Notes the link between justice and conflict prevention, and calls upon all
               countries in the Great Lakes region to comply with their obligations under
               international law, including international human rights law and international
               humanitarian law, and encourages them to actively pursue accountability for
               perpetrators of human rights violations and abuses and violations of international
               humanitarian law and to effectively support measures of conflict prevention by
               ending the culture of impunity, and welcomes efforts by national governments to
               reverse such trend;
                     14. Shares the view expressed in the RSF GLR that there is an urgent need to
               address violence and discrimination against women and girls, including rape and
               other forms of sexual violence in the Great Lakes region and take into account the

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           link between women´s participation in peace and security decision -making, for
           peace and gender equality;
                 15. Supports the regional initiatives on the issue of gender related violence
           in armed conflict to influence regional and local decision makers, aimed at the
           implementation of the commitments of the Kampala Declaration addressing
           impunity for gender based crimes at the country level and to improve women ’s
           visibility, empowerment and resilience;
                 16. Welcomes measures taken by the Governments in the region to
           implement the Group of Experts established by resolution 1533 (2004) due
           diligence guidelines, including adopting the Regional Certification Mechanism of
           the ICGLR into their national legislation, in accordance with OECD Guidance and
           international practice, and further welcomes the successful organization of the
           Regional Experts and Stakeholders Consultation on Natural Resources and Good
           Governance for Sustainable Peace, Development and Transformation of the Great
           Lakes Region, held in Nairobi on 5 and 6 July 2017, and notes with encouragement
           the increased cooperation between ICGLR and other partners on strengthening the
           ICGLR Regional Initiative against the Illegal Exploitation of Natural Resources;
                 17. Stresses the need to undertake further efforts to cut off financing for
           armed groups involved in destabilizing activities through the illicit trade of natural
           resources, including gold or wildlife products, and encourages the continuation of
           efforts by the Governments of the region to address issues of illegal exploitation and
           smuggling of natural resources, including holding accountable all those who
           participate in the illicit trade of natural resources, particu larly gold and wildlife
           products, and further encourages enhanced cooperation among the Governments in
           the region in line with its resolution 2360 (2017);
                 18. Stresses the need to find durable solutions for refugees, internally
           displaced persons and asylum seekers in the region, the majority of whom are
           women and children and are especially affected, and welcomes the efforts of
           Governments in the region and of regional and subregional organizations, as w ell as
           the hospitality provided by host communities for the millions of displaced people,
           and recalls in this regard obligations of the States in the region under the 1951
           Convention relating to the Status of Refugees;
                 19. Urges the governments of the region, as well as regional and
           international partners, to continue addressing urgent and drastically increasing
           humanitarian needs and pursue durable solutions for internally displaced persons,
           refugees and asylum seekers, notes that despite increasing needs, humanitarian
           appeals remain underfunded across the region, and urges international partners, and
           the donor community at large, to step up their support to humanitarian action in the
           region and in the DRC;
                 20. Underlines the importance of peacebuilding efforts to address the root
           causes of conflict through a collaborative approach between the countries in the
           region and the African Union and African subregional organizations, as well as
           international partners, and recognizes, in this regard, the potential contribution of
           the Peacebuilding Commission (PBC), in accordance with its mandate as stipulated
           in resolutions 1645 (2005) and 2282 (2016);
                 21. Recalls the Regional Strategic Framework for the Great lakes region
           2016–2017 (RSF GLR), which outlines the United Nations development approach in
           support of the implementation of the PSC Framework; and urges the donor
           community to contribute to the implementation of the RSF GLR, as an effective
           platform for partnership, in support of member states in the national and regional
           commitments aimed to address the root causes of conflicts, promote economic

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               development and cooperation among countries of the region, as well as
               strengthening mechanisms and capacities to address cross-border insecurity and
               trafficking, and bring about durable peace in the Great Lakes region;
                      22. Calls on the United Nations Special Envoy for the Great Lakes Region to
               continue his regional and international engagement in furtherance of peace and
               stability in the DRC and the region, including through the promotion of timely,
               credible, and inclusive national elections, regional dialogue and by continuing, in
               close coordination with the SRSG for the DRC and Head of MONUSCO, to lead,
               coordinate and assess the implementation of the national and regional commitments
               under the PSC Framework, as well as to continue his engagement in regional
               initiatives with key partners to address the underlying root causes of conflict, while
               avoiding overlapping with other United Nations institutions;
                     23. Stresses the need for deepening cooperation among the Guarantors of the
               PSC Framework, namely, the UN, AU, the ICGLR and SADC with the core
               signatory countries of the Framework, to ensure that major regional political and
               security challenges are addressed in a spirit of cooperation, and to create conditions
               for sustainable peace, stability and development in the DRC and the Great Lakes
               region, and for future alignment of the United Nations presence and engagement to
               this end;
                     24. Invites, in this regard, the Secretary General, to engage in high -level
               dialogue, in collaboration with the African Union, with the signatory states and
               Guarantor institutions of the PSC Framework, as well as key regional and
               international partners, to assess the progress, challenges and shortcomings in the
               implementation of the Framework, and to present his vision, supported by concrete
               recommendations, to the Council in his next report, which would mark the fifth
               anniversary of the signing of the PSC Framework.

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Security Council resolution 2389 (2017) [on implementation of the Peace, Security and Cooperation Framework for the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Region]

Mouvement du 23 mars (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|UN. Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Great Lakes Region|UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Framework for Peace, Security and Cooperation for the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Region (2013)|PEACEBUILDING|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION|REGIONAL SECURITY|GREAT LAKES REGION (AFRICA)

S/72 [102] DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION
S/72 [101] GREAT LAKES REGION (AFRICA)--REGIONAL SECURITY
S/72 [104] UN ORGANIZATION STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO


               United Nations                                                               S/RES/2390 (2017)
               Security Council                                              Distr.: General
                                                                             8 December 2017

               Resolution 2390 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8126th meeting, on
               8 December 2017

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolutions 1958 (2010) and 2335 (2016),
                    Acknowledging receipt of the final report of the Secretary-General pursuant to
               paragraph 4 of Security Council resolution 2335 (2016), S/2017/820,
                     1.   Welcomes the implementing arrangements entered into by the Secretary-General and the Government of Iraq as requested in paragraph 7 of Security Council
               resolution 1958 (2010);
                     2.   Also welcomes that the remaining funds in the escrow accounts
               established pursuant to paragraphs 3–5 of Security Council resolution 1958 (2010)
               have been transferred to the Government of Iraq pursuant to Security Council
               resolution 2335 (2016);
                     3.   Concludes that all the measures imposed by the Security Council in
               resolutions 1958 (2010) and 2335 (2016) pursuant to Chapter VII of the Charter of
               the United Nations have been fully implemented by the parties.

17-22082 (E)
*1722082*

Security Council resolution 2390 (2017) [on full implementation of all measures under the Oil-for-Food Programme]

UN Iraq Account|UN. Oil-for-Food Programme|PETROLEUM REVENUES|SPECIAL ACCOUNTS|IRAQ|FUNDS|IRAQ SITUATION


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2391 (2017)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                8 December 2017

               Resolution 2391 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8129th meeting, on
               8 December 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its resolutions 2374 (2017), 2364 (2017) and 2359 (2017), as well as
               its press statement of 6 October 2017,
                    Recalling its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace
               and security,
                      Affirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of the countries of the Group of Five for the Sahel (G5 Sahel),
               namely Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania and Niger,
                     Expressing its deep concern regarding the transnational threat posed by
               terrorism and organized crime (including trafficking in persons, arms, drugs and
               natural resources, and the smuggling of migrants) in the Sahel region, and strongly
               condemning the continued attacks in the G5 Sahel States against civilians,
               representatives from local, regional and State institutions, as well as national,
               international and UN security forces,
                    Acknowledging the impact of the activities of terrorist organizations, including
               those benefiting from transnational organized crime, in the G5 Sahel States o n
               regional and international peace and security,
                     Underscoring the primary responsibility of the G5 Sahel States to address these
               threats and challenges, as well as the importance for the international community to
               support African countries uniting their efforts at regional or subregional level to fight
               against terrorism and transnational organized crime with a view to restore peace and
               security, including through the protection of civilians,
                     Welcoming the continued determination of the G5 Sahel States to unite their
               efforts to address the impact of terrorism and transnational organized crime, including
               through the establishment of a joint force conducting cross -border joint military
               counter-terrorist operations (Force conjointe du G5 Sahel — “FC-G5S”), whose
               deployment has been authorized by the African Union Peace and Security Council
               communiqué of 13 April 2017 and welcomed by United Nations Security Council
               resolution 2359 (2017),
                    Noting with satisfaction the reaffirmation of the commitment of G5 Sahel States
               to fully operationalize the FC-G5S, repeatedly expressed during the Summit in

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               Bamako of 2 July 2017, the High-level meeting in New-York on 18 September 2017,
               the mission of the Security Council to the Sahel region from 19 to 22 October through
               visits to Mali, Mauritania and Burkina Faso, as well as the ministerial briefing of the
               Security Council on 30 October 2017,
                     Recalling that the G5 Sahel States have the responsibility to provide the FC-G5S
               with adequate resources, encouraging additional support from bilateral and
               multilateral partners, including through the provision of adequate logistical,
               operational and financial assistance to the FC-G5S, as appropriate, stressing that
               secure funding and support for the FC-G5S will make a critical contribution to a
               lasting stabilization of the Sahel region, and noting the complementarity that bilateral
               and multilateral support can play in addressing the needs of the FC -G5S
               comprehensively and in the most efficient way,
                     Welcoming the commitments made to date by several donors to provide support
               to the FC-G5S, including Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, the European
               Union, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Slovakia, Slovenia,
               Spain, Turkey and the United States of America,
                   Welcoming the efforts of the French forces to support the operations of the
               FC-G5S,
                    Commending the contribution of bilateral and multilateral partners to strengthen
               security capacities in the Sahel region, notably the role of the European Union
               missions (EU Training Mission in Mali — EUTM Mali, EU Capacity Building
               Mission in Mali — EUCAP Sahel Mali, and EU Capacity Building Mission in
               Niger — EUCAP Sahel Niger) in providing training and strategic advice to national
               security forces in the Sahel region,
                     Taking note of the report of the Secretary-General on the G5 Sahel joint force
               of 16 October 2017 (S/2017/869), including its outline of a range of possible options
               for United Nations support to the FC-G5S, and noting that this report was warmly
               welcomed by G5 Sahel States,
                    Recalling the mission it carried out to the Sahel region from 19 to 22 October,
               through visits to Mali, Mauritania and Burkina Faso, with the main objectives to
               assess the situation in the G5 Sahel States as well as to discuss the observations a nd
               recommendations contained in the report of the Secretary-General mentioned above,
                    Recognizing that the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization
               Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) and the FC-G5S have the potential to be mutually
               beneficial instruments to restore peace and stability in Mali and in the Sahel region,
               and underlining that they have the potential to constitute a positive interaction
               between a United Nations peacekeeping operation and an African operation,
                     Reiterating its serious concern at the continuing lack of key capabilities for
               MINUSMA, and urging Member States to provide the necessary capacities, including
               troops and police that have adequate capabilities, pre-deployment and, where
               appropriate, in situ training and equipment, including enablers, specific to the
               operating environment, in order for MINUSMA to continue to make progress in the
               implementation of its mandate, pursuant to resolution 2364 (2017), including through
               the achievement of its more proactive and robust posture,
                    Underlining that lasting peace and security in the Sahel region will not be
               achieved without full, effective and inclusive implementation of the Agreement on
               Peace and Reconciliation in Mali (“the Agreement”), and stressing that all parties to
               the Agreement share the primary responsibility to make steadfast progress in its
               implementation,

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                Underlining that all efforts to counter terrorism in Mali and in the Sahel region
           should be complementary to ongoing political processes, including the full, effective
           and inclusive implementation of the Agreement,
                 Stressing that a military response to the threats faced by G5 Sahel States can
           only be effective if conducted in full compliance with international law, by taking
           active steps to minimize the risk of harm to civilians in all areas of operation, as well
           as if accompanied by the rapid and effective implementation of inclusive regional
           strategies encompassing security, governance, development, human rights and
           humanitarian issues,
                 Emphasizing the important role of women in prevention and resolution of
           conflicts, in peacebuilding as well as in post-conflict situations, as recognized in the
           relevant Security Council resolutions, including resolution 1325 (2000) and
           resolution 2242 (2015),
                 Noting that the activities of terrorist organizations, including those benefiting
           from transnational organized crime, in the Sahel region constitute a threat to
           international peace and security,

           Operationalization and status of the FC-G5S
                 1.   Welcomes the steady and rapid progress achieved in the operationalization
           of the FC-G5S, including through the fulfilment of the initial operational capacity of
           the joint force on 17 October 2017, and takes positive note of its first operation
           “Hawbi”, which took place on the Center boundary zone;
                2.    Commends the G5 Sahel States for their sustained efforts towards the full
           and effective operationalization of the FC-G5S, and encourages them to continue to
           take appropriate measures in order for the FC-G5S to reach its full operational
           capacity by the announced timeframe of March 2018;
                 3.    Recalls that the deployment of the FC-G5S throughout the territories of its
           contributing countries, with up to 5,000 military, civilian and police personnel, with
           a view to restoring peace and security in the Sahel region, is authorized by a decision
           of the African Union Peace and Security Council for an initial period of 12 months
           starting from 13 April 2017;

           Groupe de soutien
                 4.   Notes that the Groupe de Soutien referred to in the strategic concept of
           operations of the FC-G5S (“the Groupe de Soutien”) represents a useful and
           appropriate platform to exchange views on the operationalization of the FC -G5S, the
           mobilization and coordination of international support, furt her clarification of its
           strategic objectives and concept of operations as well as the implementation of
           comprehensive strategies encompassing security, governance, development, human
           rights and humanitarian issues;
                 5.   Encourages the G5 Sahel States to clarify the format and modalities of
           work of the Groupe de Soutien, which is due to involve key regional and international
           actors supporting the FC-G5S, and meet alternatively at technical and political level;
                 6.    Calls upon the G5 Sahel rotating presidency to convene on a regular basis
           meetings of the Groupe de Soutien, in order to continue to ensure full and effective
           integration of the FC-G5S in its regional and international environment as well as the
           efficient coordination of the international support to the FC-G5S;

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               Coordination of international support
                     7.    Welcomes the central role played by the G5 Sahel, supported by the
               European Union and its member States notably through the “coordination hub”
               mechanism, and in close coordination with the United Nations and the African Union,
               in identifying the needs of the FC-G5S and coordinating the bilateral contributions of
               the donors;
                    8.     Notes the positive role of the Permanent Secretariat of the G5 Sahel to
               support the cooperation of G5 Sahel States in the field of security, governance and
               development, and requests the Secretary-General, through UNOWAS, to provide
               technical assistance, within existing mandate and resources, to the Permanent
               Secretariat of the G5 Sahel in order to achieve this task;

               Bilateral support
                     9.   Welcomes the commitments made by the G5 Sahel States and several
               donors to provide support to the FC-G5S, which amount to a total of more than 177
               million euros up to date, and notes with satisfaction the steps already taken to fulfil
               some of these commitments;
                    10. Notes with appreciation the proposal made by the European Union, with
               the support of the G5 Sahel States, that its African Peace Facility serves as a
               mechanism for channelling international voluntary contributions in support of the
               FC-G5S, in close coordination with other contributions;
                     11. Welcomes the intent of the current chairmanship of the G5 Sahel, the
               United Nations, the African Union and the European Union to co -host an international
               pledging conference in support of the FC-G5S in Brussels, and encourages all
               international and regional partners to seize this occasion to commit to provide
               bilateral assistance to the FC-G5S;

               United Nations support
                     12. Stresses that the efforts of the FC-G5S to counter the activities of terrorist
               groups and other organized criminal groups will contribute to create a more secure
               environment in the Sahel region, and thus facilitate the fulfilment by MINUSMA of
               its mandate to stabilize Mali, and further stresses that operational and logistical
               support from MINUSMA, as outlined in paragraph 13 below, has the potential to
               allow the FC-G5S, given its current level of capacities, to enhance its ability to deliver
               on its mandate;
                    13. Requests in this context the Secretary-General to take appropriate steps to
               conclude as soon as possible a technical agreement between the United Nations, the
               European Union and G5 Sahel States, with a view to providing specified operational
               and logistical support through MINUSMA to the FC-G5S (“the technical
               agreement”), and that the support provided pursuant to the technical agreement
               should:
                   (a) apply to G5 Sahel States defence and security forces only when operating
               on Malian territory in the framework of the joint force,
                     (b) comprise MEDEVAC and CASEVAC, access to life support consumables
               (fuel, water and rations) and use of UN engineering plant equipment and material, as
               well as uniformed MINUSMA engineering enabling units to assist in preparation of
               FC-G5S operational bases in Mali,

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                 (c) be subject to full financial reimbursement to the United Nations, through
           an EU-coordinated financing mechanism established for the coordination of
           international voluntary contributions to support the FC-G5S,
                (d) be conducted at the discretion of the Special Representative of the
           Secretary-General for Mali and Head of MINUSMA, in close consultation with the
           Force Commander, and without affecting MINUSMA’s capacity to implement its
           mandate and strategic priorities, and be restricted to the areas of operations of
           MINUSMA where such support is compatible with its current level of capacities;
                14. Encourages the technical agreement to constitute a temporary measure
           towards full self-sufficiency of the FC-G5S, and emphasizes that MINUSMA’s
           support arrangements, including MEDEVAC and CASEVAC, engineering capability
           as well as logistical supply chains, should not be adjusted to facilitate support to the
           FC-G5S if such an adjustment would adversely impact its own operations or put
           mission personnel at undue risk;
                15. Recommends that the Secretary-General periodically reviews the
           implementation of the technical agreement, with a particular focus on
           operationalization of the FC-G5S;
                 16. Calls upon MINUSMA and the FC-G5S to continue to ensure adequate
           coordination and exchange of information, through relevant mechanisms, of their
           operations, within their respective mandates, and reiterates in this regard its request
           to the Secretary-General to enhance cooperation between MINUSMA and the G5
           Sahel Members States through provision of relevant intelligence and liaison officers
           from the G5 Sahel Members States to MINUSMA;

           Obligations under international law and human rights policy
                 17. Underlines the need for the operations of the FC-G5S to be conducted in
           full compliance with international law, including international humanitarian law,
           international human rights law and international refugee law, as applicable, and for
           G5 Sahel States and the FC-G5S to take active steps to minimize the risk of harm to
           civilians in all areas of operation as well as to ensure accountability and transfer to
           criminal justice of those apprehended during operations and suspected of terrorist and
           related crimes;
                 18. Underlines that a gender perspective should be taken into account in
           implementing all aspects of the strategic concept of operations of the FC -G5S,
           including by ensuring that gender analysis and women’s participation are integrated
           into assessments, planning and operations;
                19. Underlines the need for the G5 Sahel States to take into account the
           association of children with terrorist and transnational organized criminal groups to
           protect and consider as victims children who have been released or otherwise
           separated from those groups and to pay particular attention to the protection, release
           and reintegration of all children associated with those groups;
                 20. Welcomes the African Union’s zero tolerance stance on sexual exploitation
           and abuse, and underlines the need for the G5 Sahel States to take adequate measures
           to prevent and combat impunity for sexual exploitation and abuse by their personnel
           operating in the framework of the FC-G5S;
                 21. Calls upon the G5 Sahel States to ensure the highest standards of
           transparency, conduct and discipline for their contingents operating in the framework
           of the FC-G5S, to establish a robust compliance framework to prevent, investigate,
           address and publicly report violations and abuses of human rights law and violations

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               of international humanitarian law related to the FC-G5S (“the compliance
               framework”);
                     22. Calls upon regional and international partners to support, through
               voluntary contributions, technical assistance and advice, G5 Sahel States’ efforts in
               the establishment and implementation of the compliance framework by the G5 Sahel
               States and the FC-G5S, and encourages all relevant partners, including United
               Nations relevant entities, EUTM, EUCAP, the French forces, within the framework
               of their respective mandates and existing resources, to support the implementation of
               the compliance framework and to ensure close coordination of their activities in this
               regard;
                    23. Notes that the Secretary-General will ensure that any support provided to
               non-United Nations security forces is provided in strict compliance with the Human
               Rights Due Diligence Policy on United Nations support to Non-United Nations
               security forces (HRDDP), and calls upon the FC-G5S to cooperate with the United
               Nations in implementing the HRDDP, including by ensuring that the relevant
               monitoring and reporting mechanisms are in place and functional;

               Implementation of the Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali
                    24. Expresses its deep concern over the persistent delays in the full
               implementation of key provisions of the Agreement;
                    25. Renews its urgent call to the Government of Mali and the Plateforme and
               Coordination armed groups, as expressed during its meeting with the members of the
               Comité de suivi de l’accord in Bamako on 21 October 2017, to take immediate and
               concrete action to fully and expeditiously deliver on their remaining obligations under
               the Agreement, in particular through:
                    (a)   the operationalization of the interim administrations in the North of Mali,
                    (b) the establishment of the Operational Coordination Mechanism in Kidal
               and Timbuktu,
                     (c) progress in the cantonment and disarmament, demobilization and
               reintegration processes, including through the definition of adequate eligibility
               criteria and the submission of finalized lists of candidates, as well as progress in the
               security sector reform, with a view to achieve the progressive redeployment of the
               reconstituted armed and security forces in Mali,
                    (d)   progress in the decentralization process,
                    (e)   ensuring full and equal women’s participation;
                    26. Welcomes the appointment of the Carter Center as the Independent
               Observer referred to in the Agreement, recalls that the mandate of the Independent
               Observer, as defined by the Agreement, is to objectively evaluate progress towards
               implementation of the Agreement, including through the rele ase every 4 months of a
               comprehensive report on the implementation of the commitments undertaken in the
               Agreement, identifying any impediments, determining responsibility and
               recommending the steps to be taken, and calls upon all parties to fully cooperate with
               the Carter Center in order to facilitate the implementation of its mandate as
               Independent Observer;
                     27. Underlines that engaging in hostilities in violation of the Agreement as
               well as actions taken that obstruct, or that obstruct by prolonged delay, or that threaten
               the implementation of the Agreement constitute a basis for sanctions designations
               pursuant to resolution 2374 (2017), among other designation criteria;

 6/7                                                                                17-22165

                                                                                S/RES/2391 (2017)

                 28. Calls on all members of the Comité de suivi de l’Accord and other relevant
           international partners to sustain their support to the implementation of the Agreement;

           Development and governance efforts
                29. Reaffirms the centrality of the United Nations integrated strategy for the
           Sahel (UNISS) in providing a comprehensive framework to strengthen governance,
           security and development in the Sahel region;
                 30. Welcomes the efforts of the Secretary-General to give renewed impetus to
           the implementation of the UNISS through the establishment of the Executive
           Committee Working Group on the Sahel chaired by the Deputy Secretary-General,
           with a view to ensuring better coordination and efficiency of the internatio nal
           response to the needs of the people and communities of the Sahel region, through the
           identification of key priorities and objectives, and calls upon donors to mobilize their
           efforts and align their activities on these key priorities and objectives;
                 31. Welcomes the mobilization of key donors to promote innovative
           approaches to support development efforts in the Sahel, including through the launch
           of the “Alliance for the Sahel”, in close coordination with the United Nations;
                 32. Calls upon G5 Sahel States to ensure women’s full and equal participation
           in institutions and mechanisms for the prevention and resolution of conflicts, as well
           as to include a gender perspective in the development of comprehensive strategies to
           counter the threat posed by terrorism and organized crime (including trafficking in
           persons, arms, drugs and natural resources, and the smuggling of migrants) in the
           Sahel region;

           Reporting and follow-up
                 33. Requests the Secretary-General, in close coordination with the G5 Sahel
           States and the African Union, to report to the Security Council on the activities of the
           FC-G5S, five months after the adoption of this resolution and then every six months,
           focusing:
                (i)   on progress in the operationalization of the FC-G5S,
                (ii) on international support granted to the FC-G5S and possible measures to
           enhance its efficiency,
                 (iii) on implementation of the technical agreement, including through a
           detailed outline of the support provided by MINUSMA to the FC -G5S, an assessment
           of its potential impact on MINUSMA as well as the provision of benchmarks to
           indicate the level of operationalization of the FC-G5S at which MINUSMA’s
           logistical and operational support may be gradually withdrawn,
                 (iv) on challenges encountered by the FC-G5S and possible measures for
           further consideration,
                 (v) on implementation by the G5 Sahel States of the compliance framework, the
           HRDDP, as well as on ways to mitigate any adverse impact of the military operations
           of the FC-G5S on the civilian population, including on women and children;
                34. Expresses its intent to periodically review the deployment of the FC-G5S,
           on the basis of the reports of the Secretary-General;
                35. Decides that the reports of the Secretary-General mentioned in paragraph
           33 above constitute an alternative to the different lines of reporting on the FC -G5S
           requested by paragraph 7 of resolution 2359 (2017), which shall no longer be in force;
                36.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

17-22165                                                                                7/7

Security Council resolution 2391 (2017) [on providing operational and logistical support through the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) to the Group of Five for the Sahel Joint Force]

Eastern Europe|Northern America|Northern Europe|Southern Europe|Sub-Saharan Africa|Western Asia|Western Europe

Group of Five for the Sahel. Joint Force|UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali|Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali emanating from the Algiers Process (2015)|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|COUNTER-TERRORISM|TRANSNATIONAL CRIME|SUPPORT SERVICES|REGIONAL SECURITY|REGIONAL COOPERATION|SUDANO-SAHELIAN REGION|MALI

S/72 [226] UN MULTIDIMENSIONAL INTEGRATED STABILIZATION MISSION IN MALI
S/72 [100] AFRICA--REGIONAL SECURITY
S/72 [225] MALI--POLITICAL CONDITIONS


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2392 (2017)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                14 December 2017

               Resolution 2392 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8135th meeting, on
               14 December 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions 1996 (2011), 2046 (2012), 2057 (2012), 2109
               (2013), 2132 (2013), 2155 (2014), 2187 (2014), 2206 (2015), 2223 (2015), 2241
               (2015), 2252 (2015), 2302 (2016), 2304 (2016), and 2327 (2016) and statements by
               its President S/PRST/2014/16, S/PRST/2014/26, S/PRST/2015/9, S/PRST/2016/1,
               S/PRST/2016/3, and S/PRST/2017/4,
                     Determining that the situation in South Sudan continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.  Decides to extend the mandate of the United Nations Mission in the
               Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS), as set out in resolution 2327 (2016), until
               15 March 2018, and authorizes UNMISS to use all necessary means to carry out its
               tasks;
                    2.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

17-22550 (E)
*1722550*

Security Council resolution 2392 (2017) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 15 Mar. 2018]

UN Mission in South Sudan|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|SOUTH SUDAN

S/72 [216] UN MISSION IN SOUTH SUDAN
S/72 [223] SOUTH SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS