               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/2296 (2016)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                29 June 2016

               Resolution 2296 (2016)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7728th meeting, on
               29 June 2016

                    The Security Council,
                     Reaffirming all its previous resolutions and presidential statements concerning
               the situation in Sudan and underlining the importance of full compliance with these,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, unity, independence and
               territorial integrity of Sudan and its determination to work with the Government of
               Sudan, in full respect of its sovereignty, to assist in tackling the various challenges
               in Sudan,
                     Recalling the importance of the principles of the peaceful settlement of
               international disputes, good neighbourliness, non-interference and cooperation in
               the relations among States in the region,
                     Reaffirming the basic principles of peacekeeping, including consent of the
               parties, impartiality and non-use of force, except in self-defence and defence of the
               mandate, and recognizing that the mandate of each peacekeeping mission is specific
               to the country concerned,
                     Recalling all its relevant resolutions on women, peace and security, on
               children and armed conflicts, on the protection of humanitarian and United Nations
               personnel, and on the protection of civilians in armed conflicts,
                     Expressing deep concern at the ongoing insecurity in Darfur as characterised
               by attacks by rebel groups and Government forces in Jebel Marra, inter -tribal
               fighting, banditry and criminality, including sexual and gender -based violence
               targeting women and girls, which continues to threaten civilians, in particular
               women and children; and reiterating its demand that all parties to the conflict in
               Darfur immediately end violence, including attacks on civilians, peacekeepers and
               humanitarian personnel,
                    Taking note of the lack of military confrontation between the Government of
               Sudan and armed groups in Darfur over the past year, except for Jebel Marra,
               expressing deep concern at a significant increase in violence in and around the Jebel
               Marra, where fighting between the Government of Sudan and the Sudan Liberation
               Army Abdul Wahid (SLA/AW) continued, including aerial bombardments and
               reported attacks on women and children, as well as inter-communal conflict over

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               land, access to resources, migration issues and tribal rivalries, including with the
               involvement of paramilitary units and tribal militias, including in East, West and
               North Darfur where inter-communal conflict led to significant displacement as well
               as the killing and wounding of civilians and the wounding of a peacekeeper,
                      Emphasizing that those responsible for violations of international humanitarian
               law and violations and abuses of human rights must be he ld accountable and that the
               Government of Sudan bears the primary responsibility to protect civilians within its
               territory and subject to its jurisdiction, including protection from crimes against
               humanity and war crimes,
                     Recalling its resolution 2117 (2013) and expressing concern at the threat to
               peace and security in Darfur arising from the illicit transfer, destabilizing
               accumulation and misuse of small arms and light weapons, and the continued threats
               to civilians posed by unexploded ordnance,
                     Expressing deep concern at the significant increase in population
               displacements in 2015 and so far in 2016 and the consequent increase in
               humanitarian assistance and protection needs, with 80,000 displaced across Darfur
               during the first five months of 2016 according to the United Nations and partners,
               some of whom have already returned, and unconfirmed reports due to access
               restrictions that up to an additional 127,000 were also reportedly displaced, in
               addition to 247,000 newly displaced in 2015, increasing the estimated total number
               of long-term internally-displaced persons (IDPs) in Darfur to 2.6 million and a total
               number of people in need of humanitarian assistance of 3.3 million,
                      Recalling the commitments made by the Government of Sudan and other
               signatories to the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur (DDPD) to ensure the
               unimpeded access of humanitarian assistance to the population in need and the
               protection of humanitarian workers and their operations in areas under their control,
               as well as to guarantee UNAMID unimpeded freedom of movement in all areas and
               at all times in Darfur in the exercise of its mandate, and further recalling the role of
               the Implementation Follow-up Commission (IFC) in assessing the implementation
               of the DDPD,
                   Expressing concern that the continued denial of access and restrictions
               imposed on humanitarian actors have left significant gaps in the delivery of
               humanitarian assistance, calling on the Government of Sudan to ensure
               humanitarian actors can operate in support of addressin g basic needs,
                     Expressing concern at access restrictions and obstacles, including bureaucratic
               obstacles, imposed on the United Nation-African Union Mission in Darfur
               (UNAMID) which continue to jeopardise its ability to deliver on its mandate,
               including access restrictions in North and Central Darfur which prevent access to
               populations displaced by the fighting in Jebel Marra, welcoming the recent
               clearance by the Government of Sudan of 233 shipments with food rations for
               UNAMID and 16 shipments with United Nations- and contingent-owned equipment,
               noting that clearance for 298 shipments containing United Nations - and contingentowned Equipment remains pending, recognizing the Government of Sudan’s
               commitment to cooperate with UNAMID and humanitarian personnel on all
               logistical issues and calling on the Government of Sudan to continuously honour its
               commitment in full,

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               Calling on donors, the regional authorities in Darfur and the Government of
           Sudan to provide the financial resources necessary to reach thos e in need,
                  Reiterating that there can be no military solution to the conflict in Darfur, and
           that an inclusive political settlement is essential to re -establishing peace, and
           underscoring the importance of fully addressing the root causes of the conflict in
           the search for a sustainable peace, which should rapidly deliver real benefits for the
           Darfuri people, in this regard reiterating its support for the DDPD as a viable
           framework for the peace process in Darfur, and for its accelerated implementation,
           as well as the AU High-Level Implementation Panel (AU-HIP) mediated peace
           talks,
                 Acknowledging the Sudan National Dialogue convened in Khartoum in
           October 2015 and the efforts of the Government of Sudan to promote the National
           Dialogue, and further acknowledging that this National Dialogue was not
           sufficiently inclusive as it did not include all relevant parties,
                 Recalling the statements made by the Secretary-General and the Chairperson
           of the African Union Commission, which welcome the signing by the Gov ernment
           of Sudan of the Roadmap Agreement proposed by the AU -HIP, urge the
           non-signatory groups to sign it urgently and call on all signatories to fully abide by
           the Roadmap Agreement,
                 Welcoming the additional commitments by the Government of Sudan regard ing
           the inclusivity of the National Dialogue,
                 Deploring the fact that some armed groups are impeding the peace process and
           have continued to resort to violence, reiterating its demand for the release of
           members of the former movement of Mohamed Bashar, ta ken captive in May 2013
           by Justice and Equality Movement (JEM)-Gibril forces, and condemning any
           actions by any armed group aimed at forced overthrow of the Government of Sudan,
                 Noting that UNAMID’s ability to facilitate progress in implementation of the
           DDPD is hampered by delays and the absence of an inclusive political settlement
           between the Government and non-signatory movements, urging the signatory parties
           to take the necessary remaining steps to implement the DDPD fully, expressing
           concern that the humanitarian and security situation, as well as the lack of capacity
           of the regional authorities in Darfur, hinder the transition from relief to stabilization
           and development activities, urging the Government of Sudan, with the support of
           interested donors, to ensure that the outstanding work of the Darfur Regional
           Authority and the Commissions are properly resourced to continue implementation,
           urging donors and the Government of Sudan to honour their pledges and fulfil their
           obligations in a timely manner, including those commitments made at the
           conference in Doha in April 2013, and affirming that development can support a
           lasting peace in Darfur,
                 Noting that local dispute resolution mechanisms play an important role in
           preventing and resolving inter-communal conflict, including conflict over natural
           resources, urging an intensification of effective efforts to prevent local disputes
           leading to violence, with its corresponding impact on the local civilian populations,
           acknowledging the efforts of Sudanese authorities and local mediators to intervene
           through the deployment of security forces and establishment of buffer zones
           between warring communities, and to mediate in inter-communal fighting,
           welcoming the encouraging conclusion of several inter-communal peace

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               agreements, with support from UNAMID and the UN Country Team (UNCT), and
               urging their continued work in collaboration with the Government of Sudan t o find
               sustainable solutions to these conflicts,
                     Welcoming regional and other initiatives, undertaken in close interaction with
               the Government of Sudan, to address the root causes of the conflict in Darfur and to
               promote a sustainable peace, including the convening of JEM and the Sudan
               Liberation Army Minni Minnawi (SLA/MM) by the Joint Special Representative/
               Joint Chief Mediator (JSR/JCM) in coordination with the Government of Qatar in
               May 2016 which focused on exploring the possibility for the two move ments to join
               the peace process, and commending the efforts of the JSR/JCM to secure peace,
               stability and security in Darfur, including through support to international, regional
               and national efforts to revitalise the peace process and increase its inclusi veness,
                     Acknowledging efforts by local governments to restore law and order through
               the deployment of additional police, corrections and judicial human and material
               resources across Darfur, including legal advisers, prosecutors, legal aid assistants
               and family protection units and noting that these efforts should be consolidated and
               expanded to enhance the protective environment for the civilian population,
               particularly with respect to violation and abuses of women’s rights and sexual and
               gender-based violence,
                    Underlining, without prejudice to the Security Council’s primary
               responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security, the
               importance of the partnership between the United Nations and the African Union,
               consistent with Chapter VIII of the Charter of the United Nations, with regard to the
               maintenance of peace and security in Africa, particularly in Sudan,
                     Taking note of the regular consultations held between the United Nations,
               African Union and Government of Sudan in the format of the Tripartite mechanism,
               the report of the Joint Working Group of 23 May 2016, and the intention of the Joint
               Working Group to reconvene in four months,
                     Calling on all parties to comply with their obligations under international
               human rights law and international humanitarian law, stressing the importance that
               the Council attaches to ending impunity including through ensuring accountability
               and bringing to justice the perpetrators of crimes committed by all parties in Darfur,
               urging the Government of Sudan to comply with its obligations in this respect,
               welcoming the ongoing investigations by the Special Prosecutor for Darfur
               appointed by the Government of Sudan and stressing the need for further progress in
               this regard, reiterating the call for swift progress on the draft Memorandum of
               Understanding providing for UNAMID and African Union observation of the
               proceedings of the Special Court, and calling on the Government of Sudan swiftly
               to investigate attacks against UNAMID, and to bring the perpetrators to justice,
                     Reaffirming its concern over the negative effect of ongoing violence in Darfur
               on the stability of Sudan as a whole as well as the region, welcoming the ongoing
               good relations between Sudan and Chad, including on border control, and
               encouraging Sudan, Chad and the Central African Republic to continue to cooperate
               in order to achieve peace and stability in Darfur and the wider region,
                    Commending the efforts of UNAMID towards promoting peace and stability in
               Darfur, and reiterating its full support for UNAMID,

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                Welcoming the Special Report of the Secretary-General and the Chairperson of
           the African Union Commission of 2 June 2015 (S/2016/510) on UNAMID,
                Taking note of the completion of the review commissioned by the Secretary-General on 2 July 2014 into the issue of under-reporting, and allegations of
           manipulation of reporting, by UNAMID, and welcoming the recommendations and
           conclusions contained in the review and the continued implementation of me asures
           to address this issue,
                Determining that the situation in Sudan constitutes a threat to international
           peace and security,
                1.    Decides to extend the mandate of UNAMID, as set out in resolution 1769
           (2007), until 30 June 2017, and further decides that UNAMID shall consist of up to
           15,845 military personnel, 1,583 police personnel and 13 formed police units of up
           to 140 personnel each;
                 2.    Reiterates, in the context of the limited progress on the benchmarks and
           the ongoing insecurity, its endorsement of UNAMID’s revised strategic priorities as
           set out in paragraph 4 of resolution 2148 (2014), namely: the protection of civilians,
           the facilitation of the delivery of humanitarian assistance and the safety and security
           of humanitarian personnel; mediation between the Government of Sudan and nonsignatory armed movements on the basis of the DDPD, while taking into account
           ongoing democratic transformation at the national level; and support to the
           mediation of community conflict, including through measures to address its root
           causes, in conjunction with the UNCT; welcomes the steps taken so far by UNAMID
           to implement the review of UNAMID conducted pursuant to resolution 2113 (2014),
           and requests that UNAMID continue to align all its activity and direct the use of its
           resources to the achievement of these priorities, discontinue all other tasks not
           aligned to these priorities and continue to streamline the mission accordingly, and
           stresses the importance of the appropriate distribution of tasks and coordination
           between UNAMID and the UNCT in order to implement the review of UNAMID;
                 3.    Notes that certain elements of UNAMID’s mandate and tasks, as
           authorized in resolution 1769 (2007), which decided that the mandate of UNAMID
           shall be as set out in paragraphs 54 and 55 of the report of the Secretary-General
           and the Chairperson of the African Union Commission of 5 June 2007
           (S/2007/307/Rev.1), are no longer relevant, or are either being undertaken by or will
           soon transition to other entities with comparative advantage, namely those
           enumerated in paragraphs 54 (g) and (h), 55 (a) (v), 55 (a) (vii), 55 (b) (ii -iii),
           55 (b) (v), 55 (b) (x) and 55 (c) (iii-iv) of that report; and requests UNAMID to
           complete, no later than June 2017, the transition of tasks enumerated in paragraphs
           54 (g) and 55 (c) (iv) of this same report to the UNCT;
                 4.   Underlines that UNAMID must continue to give priority in decisions
           about the use of available capacity and resources to: (a) the protection of civilians
           across Darfur, including women and children, through, and without prejudice to the
           basic principles of peacekeeping, inter alia, continuing to move to a more preventive
           and pre-emptive posture in pursuit of its priorities and in active defence of its
           mandate; enhanced early warning; proactive military deployment and active and
           effective patrolling in areas at high risk of conflict and high concentration of IDPs;
           more prompt and effective responses to threats of violence against civilians,
           including through regular reviews of the geographic deployment of UNAMID ’s

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               force; securing IDP camps, adjacent areas and areas of return, including
               development and training of community policing; and (b) ensuring safe, tim ely and
               unhindered humanitarian access, and the safety and security of humanitarian
               personnel and activities, in accordance with relevant provisions of international law
               and the United Nations guiding principles on humanitarian assistance; and requests
               UNAMID to maximize the use of its capabilities, in cooperation with the UNCT and
               other international and non-governmental actors, in the implementation of its
               mission-wide comprehensive strategy for the achievement of these objectives;
                     5.    Emphasizes UNAMID’s Chapter VII mandate, as defined in resolution
               1769 (2007), to deliver its core tasks to protect civilians without prejudice to the
               primary responsibility of the Government of Sudan and to ensure the freedom of
               movement and security of UNAMID’s own personnel and humanitarian workers;
               recalls that UNAMID is authorized to take all the necessary action in fulfilment of
               this mandate; and urges UNAMID to deter any threats against itself and its mandate;
                     6.   Stresses that, in the context of the evolving security situation, any
               refinement of the mission should be based on progress against the benchmarks and
               the conditions on the ground, and implemented in a gradual, phased, flexible and
               reversible manner;
                    7.    Welcomes efforts to increase the effectiveness of UNAMID, and in this
               regard, acknowledges the recent troops to task review conducted by the United
               Nations and the African Union Commission and in particular the findings that
               UNAMID should ensure a higher degree of flexibility in its military deployments
               and increase the field presence of individual police officers;
                     8.   Commends the efforts of the JSR/JCM to revitalise the peace process and
               to increase its inclusiveness, guided by the Framework for African Union and
               United Nations facilitation of the Darfur Peace Process, including through renewed
               engagement of the non-signatory movements; welcomes the JSR/JCM’s
               strengthened coordination with the AU-HIP and the United Nations Special Envoy
               for Sudan and South Sudan in synchronising their mediation efforts and in
               generating progress on direct negotiations between the Government of Sudan and
               the Darfur armed movements;
                     9.    Welcomes that progress has been made in implementation of some
               elements of the DDPD, including the completion of security arrangements for
               Liberation and Justice Movement and JEM-Sudan combatants and the conversion of
               the Liberation and Justice Movement into two political parties, the integration of
               former rebels into power structures of Sudan and the o ngoing Darfur Internal
               Dialogue Consultation (DIDC), but expresses concern at continuing serious delays
               in implementation overall, including provisions related to compensation and the
               creation of a conducive environment enabling the return of IDPs and refu gees; urges
               the signatory parties to implement the DDPD in full, including by effective
               transition of coordination duties and activities of the Darfur Regional Authority to a
               successor organ and by ensuring that other DDPD institutions established under it
               are resourced and empowered to carry out their mandates; demands that the
               non-signatory armed groups refrain from impeding the implementation of the
               DDPD; and encourages UNAMID, in accordance with its revised strategic
               priorities, and the UNCT to continue to engage fully in support of implementation
               of the DDPD;

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                 10. Notes the holding of the Darfur administrative referendum on 11 -13 April
           2016 which endorsed the five states structure of Darfur, welcomes that the
           referendum took place peacefully, and notes the concerns expressed in the Special
           Report of the Secretary-General and the Chairperson of the African Union
           Commission of 2 June 2015 about voter eligibility and the timing of the referendum;
                 11. Demands that all parties to the conflict in Darfur immediately cease all
           acts of violence, and commit themselves to a sustained and permanent ceasefire, in
           order to bring a stable and durable peace to the region;
                 12. Emphasizes the importance of the work of the AU-HIP, encourages all
           parties to the conflict to engage constructively with the AU-HIP and in this regard
           condemns the attitude of those who refuse to join the mediation process, including
           the SLA/AW, urges the SLA/AW to join the peace process, without pre-conditions,
           in order to achieve a cessation of hostilities as a first step towards a comprehensive
           and sustainable peace agreement;
                13. Welcomes the signing by the Government of Sudan on 21 March 2016 of
           the Roadmap Agreement proposed by the AU-HIP and urges the non-signatory
           groups to sign it urgently as an important milestone in determining a practicable
           way forward towards a cessation of hostilities and an inclusive National Dialogue;
                 14. Reaffirms its support for a Darfur-based internal dialogue that takes place
           in an inclusive environment with full respect for the civil and political rights of
           participants, including the full and effective participation of women and IDPs;
           welcomes the release of $1 million by the Government of Sudan as half of its
           pledged contribution to the funding of the Darfur Internal Dialogue and
           Consultation (DIDC), which has allowed progress on the second phase of the DIDC,
           and calls on the Government of Sudan to speedily release the remainder of the
           pledge; welcomes the €800,000 pledge by the European Union to fund the DIDC;
           expresses concern that prevailing insecurity, and lack of adequate funding, could
           undermine effective implementation of future phases of the DIDC; calls on the
           Government of Sudan and the armed groups to ensure the necessary enabling
           environment; and requests UNAMID to continue to support, monitor and report on
           the development of the DIDC and the overall environment for it;
                 15. Calls for an urgent end to inter-tribal clashes, criminality and banditry
           that affect civilians, acknowledges efforts of Sudanese authorities and local
           mediators to mediate in inter-communal fighting; further calls for reconciliation and
           dialogue; welcomes UNAMID’s intention to intensify its efforts to support the
           mediation of community conflict within the framework of its mandate and strategic
           priorities; and requests UNAMID to continue to support local conflict resolution
           mechanisms, including with civil society mechanisms and to work with the
           Government of Sudan, the UNCT and civil society, to develop an action plan on the
           prevention and resolution of inter-community conflict in each state of Darfur;
                 16. Expresses deep concern over the proliferation of arms, in particular small
           arms and light weapons and the use of such arms against civilians and requests
           UNAMID to continue to cooperate in this context with the Panel of Experts
           established by resolution 1591 (2005) in order to facilitate their work; notes the
           Government of Sudan’s announcement of its intention to implement a civilian
           disarmament campaign for the collection of illicit weapons and calls on the

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               Secretary-General to provide an update on the implementation of this initiative in
               his next report;
                     17. Commends UNAMID troop- and police-contributing countries; welcomes
               that some progress has been made in addressing contingent -owned equipment and
               self-sustainment shortfalls, but expresses concern that shortfalls remain; and calls
               for continued efforts by UNAMID, the Secretariat and troop- and policecontributing countries to address such shortfalls, including by providing appropriate
               training and resources to fulfil priority protection functions, especially in areas
               necessary for contingents’ temporary deployment capability and ability to conduct
               long-range patrols;
                     18. Strongly condemns all attacks on UNAMID; underlines that any attack or
               threat of attack on UNAMID is unacceptable; demands that there be no recurrence
               of such attacks and that those responsible be held to account following prompt and
               thorough investigation; pays tribute to the UNAMID personnel who have paid the
               ultimate sacrifice in the line of duty for the cause of peace in Darfur; urges
               UNAMID to take all necessary measures within its rules of engagement to protect
               UN personnel and equipment; condemns the ongoing impunity for those who attack
               peacekeepers, and in this regard urges the Government of Sudan to do its utmost to
               bring all perpetrators of any such crimes to justice and to cooperat e with UNAMID
               to this end;
                     19. Reiterates its deep concern that hindrances remain to UNAMID in the
               implementation of its mandate, including movement and access restrictions, caused
               by insecurity, acts of criminality and significant movement restrictions by the
               Government of Sudan, armed movements and militia groups; calls on all parties in
               Darfur to remove all obstacles to UNAMID’s full and proper discharge of its
               mandate, including by ensuring its security and freedom of movement; and in this
               regard, demands that the Government of Sudan comply with the Status of Forces
               Agreement fully and without delay, particularly provisions relevant to the
               movement of patrols in conflict-affected areas and flight clearances, as well as those
               provisions relevant to the removal of obstacles to the use of UNAMID aerial assets,
               the timely processing of UNAMID’s equipment and rations at the port of entry to
               Sudan, and the timely issuing of visas; welcomes discussions on operational and
               logistical issues pertaining to UNAMID’s effective implementation of its mandate,
               including through the Tripartite mechanism, recognizes the Government of Sudan’s
               commitment to cooperate on all logistical issues including customs clearances, visas
               and access for UNAMID and humanitarian personnel and calls on the Government
               of Sudan to continuously honour its commitment;
                    20. Deplores the delays in processing rations and equipment through ports of
               entry which have resulted in severe shortages of food rations and equipment over
               the past year, welcomes the recent clearance by the Government of Sudan of 233
               shipments with food rations for UNAMID and 16 shipments with United Nations -
               and contingent-owned equipment, notes that clearance for 298 shipments containing
               United Nations- and contingent-owned equipment remains pending and calls upon
               the Government of Sudan to ensure the timely processing of shipments containing
               food rations, equipment and other necessary items required by UNAMID;
                    21. Condemns all violations of international humanitarian law and violations
               and abuses of human rights, including those involving any form of sexual and
               gender-based violence, in particular the deliberate targeting of civilians,

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           indiscriminate or disproportionate attacks; and demands that all parties in Darfur
           immediately end attacks targeting civilians, peacekeepers and humanitarian
           personnel, and comply with their obligations under international human rights law
           and international humanitarian law as applicable;
                 22. Expresses serious concern at the deteriorating humanitarian situation in
           Darfur, and at the threats to and attacks on humanitarian personnel and facilities;
           expresses concern that access to some conflict areas where vulnerable populations
           reside remains restricted and that some conflict areas are inaccess ible, including in
           North and Central Darfur and eastern Jebel Marra, due to insecurity, acts of
           criminality and movement restrictions by Government forces, armed movements
           and militia groups; welcomes that humanitarian organizations are able to deliver
           some aid to most people in need of assistance in Darfur; deplores the continued
           restrictions on humanitarian access in Darfur resulting from increased insecurity,
           attacks against humanitarian workers, denial of access by the parties to the conflict
           and bureaucratic impediments imposed by the Government of Sudan and that such
           impediments, among other reasons including financial and operational issues, have
           caused some international humanitarian actors and United Nations staff to leave
           Sudan; further expresses concern over the insufficient availability of funding for
           humanitarian actors; stresses the need for the timely issuing of visas and travel
           permits for humanitarian organizations; and demands that the Government of Sudan,
           all militias, armed groups and all other stakeholders ensure the safe, timely and
           unhindered access of humanitarian organizations and relief personnel, and the
           delivery of humanitarian assistance to populations in need throughout Darfur, in
           accordance with the relevant provisions of international law and United Nations
           guiding principles of humanitarian assistance, including humanity, impartiality,
           neutrality and independence;
                 23. Condemns increased human rights violations and abuses in, and relating
           to, Darfur, including those involving extrajudicial killings, the excessive use of
           force, abduction of civilians, acts of sexual- and gender-based violence, violations
           and abuses against children, and arbitrary arrests and detentions; calls on the
           Government of Sudan to investigate allegations of such violations and abuses and
           bring those responsible to justice; expresses deep concern about the situation of all
           those so detained, including civil society members and IDPs; emphasizes the
           importance of ensuring, within its current mandate, UNAMID ’s and other relevant
           organizations’ ability to monitor such cases; and in this regard urges the
           Government of Sudan to extend full cooperation with UNAMID towards fulfilment
           of this goal and to provide accountability and access to justice for victims; calls on
           the Government of Sudan fully to respect its obligations, including by fulfilling its
           commitment to lift the state of emergency in Darfur, releasing a ll political prisoners
           and ensuring free expression;
                 24. Requests UNAMID to monitor, verify, and draw to the attention of the
           authorities abuses and violations of human rights, including those committed
           against women and children, and violations of international humanitarian law, and
           further requests enhanced, detailed, full and public reporting by the Secretary -
           General to the Council on this issue, as part of his regular 90 -day reports;
                25. Requests UNAMID to ensure that any support provided to non-United
           Nations security forces is provided in strict compliance with the Human Rights Due
           Diligence Policy on United Nations support to non-United Nations security forces

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               (HRDDP), and requests the Secretary-General to include progress made in
               implementing the policy in his reports to the Security Council;
                    26. Urges close coordination among United Nations missions in the region,
               including UNAMID, the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei
               (UNISFA), the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) and the United
               Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African
               Republic (MINUSCA), and requests the Secretary-General to ensure effective intermission cooperation;
                     27. Emphasizes the importance of cooperation and information-sharing
               between UNAMID, UNMISS, MINUSCA and the United Nations Organization
               Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) and
               relevant regional and international partners in addressing the regional threat
               including of the Lord’s Resistance Army, and recalls its encouragement to
               UNAMID, within existing capacities and consistent with its mandate, to cooperate
               and share information in this regard;
                     28. Notes the Government of Sudan’s stated desire to see the displaced return
               to their areas of origin or resettle in their current areas of displacement; stresses that
               any returns should be safe, voluntary and in accordance with applicable
               international law; and further stresses the importance of achieving dignified and
               durable solutions for refugees and IDPs, and of ensuring their full participation in
               the planning and management of these solutions;
                     29. Demands that all parties to the conflict in Darfur create the conditions
               conducive to allowing the voluntary, informed, safe, dignifi ed and sustainable return
               of refugees and IDPs, or, where appropriate, their local integration and within the
               context of its protection of civilians mandate; welcomes UNAMID’s plan for
               renewed effort to enhance the protection of IDPs; stresses the need for the
               establishment of a mechanism in order to verify the extent to which these returns are
               voluntary and informed in nature, and underlines the importance of addressing land
               issues for the realization of durable solutions in Darfur;
                    30. Demands that the parties to the conflict immediately cease all acts of
               sexual and gender-based violence and make and implement specific and time -bound
               commitments to combat sexual violence, in accordance with resolution 2106 (2013);
               urges the Government, with the support of the United Nations and African Union, to
               develop a structured framework through which conflict related sexual violence will
               be comprehensively addressed, and to allow access for service provision for sexual
               violence survivors; requests UNAMID to strengthen its reporting on sexual and
               gender-based violence and actions taken to combat it, including through the swift
               deployment of Women Protection Advisers; requests the Secretary-General to
               ensure that the relevant provisions of resolutions 1325 (2000), 2242 (2015), and
               subsequent resolutions on women, peace and security, are implemented, including
               supporting the full and effective participation of women during all stages of peace
               processes, particularly in conflict resolution, post-conflict planning and
               peacebuilding, including women’s civil society organizations, and to include
               information on this in his reporting to the Council; further requests UNAMID to
               monitor and assess the implementation of these tasks and requests the Secretary-General to include information on this in his reporting to the Council;

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                 31. Demands that the parties to the conflict immediately cease all violations
           and abuses against children, and develop and implement concrete and time -bound
           action plans to end and prevent the recruitment and use of children in violation of
           applicable international law; welcomes the Government’s adoption of an Action Plan
           for the Protection of Children from Violations in Armed Conflict and urges the
           Government to implement this Action Plan in full; and requests the Secretary-General to ensure:
                 (a)   continued monitoring and reporting of the situation of children in Darfur;
           and
                 (b) continued dialogue with the parties to the conflict towards the
           development and implementation of the aforementioned action plans, in accordance
           with resolution 1612 (2005) and subsequent resolutions on children and armed
           conflict;
                 32. Underscores the importance of regular review by the Security Council of
           each United Nations peacekeeping mission’s progress in implementing its mandate,
           and recalls its request to the Secretary-General, in close consultation with the
           African Union, and seeking perspectives from all relevant parties, to conduct an
           analysis of implementation of the review of UNAMID; in this regard, takes note of
           the Secretary-General’s efforts to make recommendations on the future of
           UNAMID, including its exit strategy, as requested by the Security Council in
           paragraph 7 of resolution 2173 (2014); concurs that UNAMID’s long-term planning
           should be based upon progress towards the mission’s benchmarks as set out in the
           Secretary-General’s report of 16 October 2012 (S/2012/771) and subsequently
           refined in his reports of 25 February 2014 (S/2014/138) and 15 April 2014
           (S/2014/279) (Annex); takes note that the Secretary-General, in his report of
           26 May 2015 (S/2015/378), emphasizes that a political settlement in Darfur and
           direct talks between Government and the non-signatory armed movements, starting
           with a cessation of hostilities in Darfur, is essential to re -establishing peace in
           Darfur and is primary to the achievement of these benchmarks;
                33. Takes note of ongoing consultations between the United Nations, the
           African Union and the Government of Sudan, notably in the frameworks of the
           Tripartite mechanism and the Joint Working Group, including discussion of
           operational and logistical issues pertaining to the mission’s operation as well as the
           development of an exit strategy in accordance with the mission ’s benchmarks;
           requests the Secretary-General to make recommendations, within 120 days of the
           adoption of this resolution, including by building on any agreed recommendations
           of the Joint Working Group and undertakes to consider the Secretary-General’s
           recommendations in due course, on what practical steps need to be taken by all
           Sudanese parties with the support of UNAMID in order to make tangible progress
           towards achieving the benchmarks;
                34. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Council every 90 days
           following adoption of this resolution on UNAMID, including:
                 (i) information on the political, humanitarian and security situation in
                 Darfur, including detailed reporting on incidents of violence and attacks
                 against civilians, by whomsoever perpetrated;
                 (ii) information on violations of the Status of Forces Agreement, including
                 those involving attacks or threats of attack on UNAMID, violations of

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                    international humanitarian law perpetrated by any party to the conflict, as well
                    as access restrictions and significant operational obstacles such as those
                    related to customs clearances and visas;
                    (iii) developments and progress towards achievement of UNAMID ’s strategic
                    priorities and benchmarks, including progress in response to the Secretary
                    General’s recommendations on practical steps requested in paragraph 33 of
                    this resolution;
                    (iv) developments and progress in addressing the challenges facing UNAMID
                    as identified in the review of UNAMID; and
                    (v)   on the implementation of this resolution;
                    35.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

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           Annex: UNAMID benchmarks as set out in Annex 1 of the Secretary -General report
           of 15 April 2014 (S/2014/279)
           Benchmark 1: inclusive peace process through mediation between the Government
           and non-signatory armed movements on the basis of the Doha Document for Peace
           in Darfur
           Requirements for progress would include a commitment on the part of the
           Government of the Sudan and non-signatory movements to reach a comprehensive
           negotiated political settlement to the conflict and adhere to its full and timely
           implementation; and credible Darfur-based internal dialogue and consultations that
           seek to reflect the views of the civilian population, including women, on Darfur in
           the peace process.
           Indicators
           High-level mediation
              • The Government and the non-signatory movements enter into direct
                negotiations brokered by the Joint African Union-United Nations Chief
                Mediator for Darfur over an all-inclusive comprehensive settlement to the
                Darfur conflict within the context of the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur.
              • The signatory parties, with the support of international part ners, implement the
                provisions of the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur, which remain essential
                in addressing the root causes of conflict in Darfur.
              • The Government and the non-signatory movements conclude and observe a
                comprehensive and inclusive cessation of hostilities.
              • The outcomes of the Darfur peace process are reflected in a national
                constitutional process supported by the African Union High -level
                Implementation Panel for the Sudan, as provided for in the framework for
                African Union and United Nations facilitation of the Darfur peace process.
           Darfur-based internal dialogue and consultations;
              • Darfur-based internal dialogue and consultations take place in an inclusive and
                transparent environment that ensures the proportional representation of
                Darfuris and respect for the human rights of participants, as monitored by
                African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID).
              • The outcomes of the Darfur-based internal dialogue and consultations are
                widely disseminated and implemented in a manner that promotes and
                consolidates peace and stability in Darfur.
              • A functioning Darfur Regional Authority that oversees the implementation of
                the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur, in conjunction with the Government
                of the Sudan.
           Benchmark 2: protection of civilians and unhindered humanitarian access and the
           safety and security of humanitarian personnel
           Requirements for progress would include the demonstrated commitment of the
           parties to the conflict, including Government forces, non -signatory movements and
           other armed groups, to cease hostilities and respect and implement ceasefire and
           security arrangements; the demonstrated commitment of the parties to the conflict to
           implement measures to protect civilians (or promote/respect human rights); the
           demonstrated commitment of the parties to the conflict to allow unrestricted

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               humanitarian access; the willingness of local actors to facilitate the safe, voluntary
               and sustainable return, reintegration or resettlement of internally displaced persons
               and refugees; improvement of TCC/PCC performance and equipment; support by
               the international donor community for humanitarian activities and, where
               appropriate, early recovery and rehabilitation; the improved coordination between
               UNAMID and humanitarian actors with regard to the facilitation of the deli very of
               humanitarian assistance and the safety and security of humanitarian personnel; and
               the commitment of the Government of the Sudan at the national and local levels to
               improve the capacity of its security, judicial and penal institutions to promote and
               protect human rights.
               Indicators
               Protection of civilians from imminent threats of physical violence;
                    • Civilians facing imminent threats of physical violence are protected by
                      UNAMID.
                    • Civilians at risk of physical attack, in particular women and children, carry out
                      livelihood activities safely and securely under UNAMID protection.
                    • Civilians receive emergency medical assistance from UNAMID, including
                      through evacuation to medical facilities, in extreme circumstances (i.e., when
                      humanitarian actors are unable to assist).
               Protective environment;
                    • Security and stability (as indicated by an absence of serious crime or violent
                      conflict) for civilians within camps for internally displaced persons and
                      temporary settlements.
                    • Security and stability (as indicated by an absence of serious crime or violent
                      conflict) for civilians in areas outside of camps for internally displaced
                      persons and temporary settlements, including in particular in areas adjacent to
                      camps.
                    • Reduction in the number of violent crimes against civilians.
                    • Reduction in human rights violations, including incidents of sexual and
                      gender-based violence, as recorded by UNAMID.
                    • Reduction in the recruitment of child soldiers by the parties t o the conflict.
                    • Improved environment for the protection of civil and political rights, including
                      through the development of sustainable foundations for professional,
                      democratic policing and law enforcement.
                    • Trials monitored by UNAMID are fair and in accordance with international
                      legal standards and practices.
                    • The prevalence of arms and armed actors is reduced through the disarmament,
                      demobilization and reintegration of combatants in accordance with the
                      provisions of the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur.
                    • Threats to civilians posed by unexploded ordnance are addressed through,
                      inter alia, the safe disposal of such materials and through risk -awareness
                      training.
               Safe, timely and unhindered humanitarian access and safety and security for
               humanitarian personnel;

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               • Humanitarian actors requesting UNAMID protection and other support are
                 able to conduct operations (e.g., inter alia aid delivery and distribution and
                 needs assessments) in a safe, timely and unhindered manner.
               • Humanitarian actors and their property are safe and secure, in particular when
                 UNAMID protection is provided.
               • Parties to the conflict honour their commitments and international obligations
                 to combat all acts of sexual violence against women, men and children and put
                 an end to the recruitment and use of child soldiers.
           Benchmark 3: prevention or mitigation of community conflict through mediation
           and, in conjunction with the United Nations country team, measures to address its
           root causes
           Requirements for progress would include willingness on the part of the authorities
           and traditional community leaders to play a constructive role in resolving
           intercommunal conflict peacefully; the provision of access to UNAMID to facilitate
           mediation efforts; strengthened traditional conflict resolution mechanisms and
           greater respect thereof; the inclusion of measures in reconciliation agreements to
           address the root causes of intercommunal conflict; a willingness on the part of the
           authorities and other parties to the conflict to fulfil their responsi bilities in regard to
           preventing or resolving intercommunal clashes; and the provision of access to the
           United Nations Country Team to enable measures that address root causes related to
           natural resources, recovery and reconstruction.
           Indicators
               • Dialogue between pastoralist and agriculturalist communities over peaceful
                 coexistence and shared access to natural resources, in particular prior to and
                 during the migration season.
               • Interventions by the authorities and traditional community mediators,
                 facilitated by UNAMID, that prevent or resolve violent intercommunal
                 conflict.
               • Dialogue between conflicting parties over local settlements to violent
                 intercommunal conflict.
               • Conflicting parties enter into and adhere to local agreements that settle vi olent
                 intercommunal conflict.
               • Reduction in the number of incidents of and new displacement resulting from
                 intercommunal conflict.
               • Transitional justice mechanisms, including the National Human Rights
                 Commission, the Special Court for Darfur and the Truth and Reconciliation
                 Commission, are established and operating in accordance with international
                 human rights standards and best practice.
               • Improved access to justice through the adoption of measures aimed at
                 enhancing victims’ rights to truth, justice and remedy.

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Security Council resolution 2296 (2016) [on extension of the mandate of the AU/UN Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) until 30 June 2017]

Central African Republic|Congo, The Democratic Republic of the|Congo|Qatar|Sudan|South Sudan|Chad

Northern Africa|Sub-Saharan Africa|Western Asia

AU/UN Hybrid Operation in Darfur|Joint Working Group on an Exit Strategy for the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|DARFUR (SUDAN)|SUDAN|MILITARY PERSONNEL|STAFFING|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|INFORMATION EXCHANGE|GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE

S/71 [160] SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/71 [204] AU/UN HYBRID OPERATION IN DARFUR
S/ X Reports of the Secretary-General on the Sudan and South Sudan.


               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/2297 (2016)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                7 July 2016

               Resolution 2297 (2016)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7731st meeting, on
               7 July 2016

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling all its previous resolutions and statements of its President on the
               situation in Somalia,
                    Underlining its respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, political
               independence, and unity of Somalia,
                    Condemning recent Al Shabaab attacks in Somalia and beyond, expressing
               serious concern at the ongoing threat posed by Al Shabaab, and underlining its
               concern that Al Shabaab continues to hold territory and extort revenue in Somalia,
                    Expressing outrage at the loss of civilian life, in Al Shabaab attacks, and
               paying tribute to the bravery and sacrifices made by the African Union Mission in
               Somalia (AMISOM) and the Somali Security Forces personnel i n the fight against
               Al Shabaab,
                    Reiterating its determination to support efforts to reduce the threat posed b y
               Al Shabaab in Somalia, and underlining its commitment to support an inclusive
               Somali-led political peace and reconciliation process,
                     Expressing grave concern at the continued violations and abuses of human
               rights and violations of international humanitarian law in Somalia,
                    Welcoming the positive contributions that the UN Support Office in Somalia
               (UNSOS) has made to supporting the gains made by AMISOM and the
               UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM), and underscoring the importance of
               an effective partnership between the United Nations, the African Union (AU ) and
               Member States in Somalia,
                     Recognizing that the Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) has a
               responsibility to protect its citizens and build its own national security forces,
               noting that these forces should be inclusive and representative of Somalia and act in
               full compliance with their obligations under international humanitarian law and
               international human rights law, and reaffirming the intent of international partners to
               support the FGS in achieving this,

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                     Welcoming the FGS and regional leaders’ endorsement of a new National
               Security Policy, calling on the FGS to accelerate its implementation in view of the
               remaining threat posed by Al-Shabaab, underlining the importance of further
               defining the composition of Somalia’s national security forces, identifying
               capability gaps in order to guide AMISOM and donors’ security sector assistance
               priorities and signalling areas of cooperation with the international community, and
               noting the international community’s intention to support the FGS in security sector
               reform,
                    Recognizing that a more stable Somalia is of vital importance to ensuring
               regional security,

               AMISOM
                     Commending the contribution of AMISOM to lasting peace and stability in
               Somalia, noting its critical role in improving the security situation, expressing its
               appreciation for the continued commitment of troops, police and equipment to
               AMISOM by the Governments of Burundi, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda and
               other African nations, and recognizing the significant sacrifices made by AMISOM
               forces,
                     Welcoming the support of the international community to peace and stability in
               Somalia, in particular the European Union for its substantial contribution in
               supporting AMISOM, as well as support from other bilateral partners to both
               AMISOM and the Somali National Army (SNA), and emphasizing the importance of
               new contributions, including from the African Union Peace Fund, the private sector,
               civil society and other donations, in order to share the financial burden of
               supporting AMISOM,
                    Taking note of the African Union Peace and Security Council’s communiqué of
               28 April 2016 on the situation in Somalia and AMISOM,
                    Welcoming the holding of the Summit of the Heads of State and Government
               of the troop and police contributing countries of AMISOM in Djibouti on
               28 February 2016, and their commitment to improving coordination within
               AMISOM and to the revitalisation of AMISOM operations, welcomes the
               development of the revised Concept of Operations 2016 for AMISOM, as endorsed
               by the AU Peace and Security Council on 29 June 2016 and looks forward to its
               implementation,
                     Welcoming the AU’s investigation of allegations of sexual violence against
               some AMISOM troops, underlining the importance of the AU implementing the
               recommendations of the report, and in line with resolution 2 272 (2016), calling on
               the AU and troop-contributing countries to ensure that allegations are properly and
               thoroughly investigated and appropriate and timely follow -up action is taken,
               including full investigation of those cases of abuse referred to the AU investigation
               team,
                     Expressing concern over the continued activities of Al Shabaab and reports of
               pro-Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, also known as Da’esh) elements in
               Somalia and the security implications of the situation in Yemen for Somali a,
                     Determining that the situation in Somalia continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security,

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                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

           AMISOM
                1.    Agrees with the Secretary-General that conditions in Somalia are not
           appropriate for the deployment of a United Nations peacekeeping mission;
                2.    Continues to agree with the revised benchmarks as set out in the
           Secretary-General’s letter to the President of the Security Council of 2 July 2015,
           agrees with his conclusion that the achievement of the benchmarks could pave the
           way for the deployment of a United Nations peacekeeping operation which could
           help consolidate the peace process in Somalia and the development of Somali
           security sector institutions, and requests the Secretary-General to keep these
           benchmarks under continuous review, in consultation with the AU;
                 3.   Underlines that the increases in the force strength decided in resolution
           2036 (2012) and 2124 (2013) are to provide short term enhancement to AMISOM’s
           military capacity, and as part of an overall exit strategy for AMISOM, after which a
           decrease in AMISOM’s force strength will be considered in light of progress on the
           ground;

           Priorities and tasks
                 4.   Decides to authorize the Member States of the AU to maintain the
           deployment of AMISOM up to a maximum level of 22,126 uniformed personnel
           until 31 May 2017, and further decides that AMISOM shall be authorized to take all
           necessary measures, in full compliance with participating States’ obligations under
           international humanitarian law and international human rights law, and in full
           respect of the sovereignty, territorial integrity, political independence and unity of
           Somalia, to carry out its mandate;
                5.     Decides to authorize AMISOM to implement the following strategic
           objectives:
                (a)   Reduce the threat posed by Al Shabaab and other armed opposition
           groups;
                 (b) Provide security in order to enable the political process at all levels as
           well as stabilisation efforts, reconciliation and peacebuilding in Somalia;
                (c) Enable the gradual handing over of security responsibilities from
           AMISOM to the Somali security forces contingent on abilities of the Somali
           security forces;
                6.    Decides to authorize AMISOM to carry out the following priority tasks:
                (a) To continue to conduct offensive operations against Al Shabaab and other
           armed opposition groups;
                (b) To maintain a presence in the sectors set out in the AMISOM Concept of
           Operations in order to establish conditions for effective and legitimate governance
           across Somalia, in coordination with the Somali security forces;
                (c) To assist with the free movement, safe passage and protection of all those
           involved with the peace and reconciliation process in Somalia, and ensure the
           security of the electoral process in Somalia as a key requirement;

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                     (d) To secure key supply routes including to areas recovered from
               Al Shabaab, in particular those essential to improving the humanitarian situation,
               and those critical for logistical support to AMISOM, underscoring that the delivery
               of logistics remains a joint responsibility between the United Nations and AU;
                    7.     Further decides to authorize AMISOM to carry out the following
               essential tasks:
                    (a) To conduct joint operations with the Somali security forces, within its
               capabilities, in coordination with other parties, as part of the implementation of the
               Somali national security plans and to contribute to the wider effort of training and
               mentoring of the security forces of the FGS;
                     (b) To contribute, within its capabilities as may be requested, to the creation
               of the necessary security conditions for the provision of humanitarian assistance;
                    (c) To engage with communities in recovered areas, and promote
               understanding between AMISOM and local populations, within its capabilities,
               which will allow for longer term stabilisation by the United Nations Country Team
               and other actors;
                     (d) To provide and assist, as appropriate, protection to the Somali authorities
               to help them carry out their functions of government, and security for key
               infrastructure;
                    (e) To protect its personnel, facilities, installations, equipment and mission,
               and to ensure the security and freedom of movement of its personnel, as well as of
               United Nations personnel carrying out functions mandated by the Security Council;
                    (f) To receive on a transitory basis, defectors, as appropriate, and in
               coordination with the United Nations;
                    8.   Requests the Secretary-General to report, in consultation with the FGS
               and AMISOM, on progress in securing key supply routes as described in
               paragraph 6 (d) in his written reports on the situation in Somalia to the Security
               Council;
                    9.    Requests that, in line with the recommendations of the Joint AU -UN
               Review, the AU enable a surge in its efficiency and ensur e that AMISOM is
               configured to conduct the full range of required operations effectively, in particular
               by strengthening command and control structures, enhancing cross -sector
               operations, examining sector boundaries, and generating a dedicated quick reacti on
               forces’ capability under the authority of the Force Commander, which should
               operate alongside existing Somali forces;
                     10. Recalls its request that the AU generate the specialised units set out in
               the annex to this resolution and as recommended by the Joint Report of 2 October
               2013 and set out in the Secretary-General’s letter of 14 October 2013, within in the
               existing troop ceiling, and authorized in paragraph 6 of resolution 2036 (2012), and
               ensuring that all force enablers and multipliers operate under the command of the
               Force Commander, and further requests that these are generated without delay and
               reflected in the revised Concept of Operations and requests regular updates on this
               force generation through the Secretary-General;
                    11. Stresses the critical need to source contingent-owned equipment
               including force enablers and multipliers as provided for in paragraph 6 of resolution

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           2036 (2012) either from existing AMISOM troop-contributing countries or other
           Member States, emphasizes in particular the need for an appropriate aviation
           component of up to twelve military helicopters under the command of the Force
           Commander, and urges the immediate generation of this component;
                12. Welcomes the Secretary-General’s commitment to work with the
           Chairperson of the African Union Commission, troop -contributing countries, and
           Federal Government of Somalia to help ensure that a surge in efficien cy materialises
           and is sustained over time, and reiterates its request to the Secretary -General to
           monitor implementation of the surge, including through performance indicators, and
           in this regard to keep the Council updated in the Secretary -General’s regular
           reporting;
                 13. Notes with concern that the delay in the appointment of the Force
           Commander has impacted the Mission's effectiveness, commends the decision of the
           Government of Djibouti to nominate the Force Commander, and looks forward to
           his immediate deployment;
                 14. Underlines the importance of AMISOM forces carrying out their
           mandate in full compliance with their obligations under international humanitarian
           law and international human rights law, and cooperating with UNSOM and UNSOS
           in implementing the Human Rights Due Diligence Policy on United Nations support
           to Non-United Nations Security Forces (HRDDP), and calls upon the AU to
           investigate and report allegations of violations and abuses of human rights and
           violations of international humanitarian law, as well as continuing to ensure the
           highest standards of transparency, and conduct and discipline;
                15. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure that any support provided to
           non-United Nations security forces is provided in strict compliance with th e
           HRDDP and to include progress made in implementing the policy in the Secretary -
           General’s reports to the Security Council;
                 16. Welcomes the commencement of activities establishing a Civilian
           Casualty Tracking Analysis and Response Cell (CCTARC) as reques ted in
           resolutions 2093 (2013) and 2124 (2013), and underlines the importance of making
           the CCTARC operational and effective without further delay, and in this regard
           urges the full support of troop and police contributors for the CCTARC, in
           collaboration with humanitarian, human rights and protection actors, and underlines
           the importance of ensuring information is shared with relevant actors including the
           United Nations;
               17. Requests AMISOM to use its CCTARC as part of its reporting on joint
           AMISOM operations with the Somali security forces;
                 18. Requests the AU to keep the Security Council regularly informed,
           through the Secretary-General, on the implementation of AMISOM’s mandate, and
           report to the Council, through the provision of oral updates and no fe wer than three
           written reports, every 120 days with the first written report no later than
           12 September 2016;

           Support and partnership
                19. Requests the Secretary-General to work closely with the AU in
           supporting the implementation of this resolution, further requests the

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               Secretary-General to continue to provide technical and expert advice to the AU on
               the planning, deployment and strategic management of AMISOM through the
               United Nations office to the AU, and reiterates its request to the Secretary-General,
               in view of the need to increase AMISOM’s efficiency, to enhance the provision of
               technical advice to the AU through existing United Nations mechanisms;
                    20. Agrees with the Secretary-General that a joint AMISOM-United Nations-Somali planning mechanism should assess and facilitate the delivery of AMISOM’s
               mandate in line with paragraphs 5, 6 and 7 of this resolution, ensuring in particular
               thorough coordination and consultation ahead of, during and after offensive
               operations;
                    21. Reiterates its call for new donors to support AMISOM through the
               provision of additional funding for troop stipends, equipment, technical assistance
               and uncaveated funding for AMISOM to the United Nations Trust Fund for
               AMISOM, calls upon the AU to consider how to provide sustainable funding for
               AMISOM, and underlines the AU’s call for its Member States to provide financial
               support to AMISOM;
                    22. Emphasizes the Report of the Joint United Nations-African Union
               Review of AMISOM of 2 October 2013 and the revised benchmarks as set out in the
               Secretary-General’s letter to the President of the Security Council of 2 July 2015,
               and agrees with the Secretary-General that progress towards the further degradation
               of Al-Shabaab’s capacity to launch attacks, in parallel with improving the capacity
               of Somali forces to progressively sustain control of areas recaptured from
               Al-Shabaab allowing the return of State authority, can enable a gradual reduction of
               AMISOM’s role in Somalia, and allow a transition to a role of oversight and rapid
               response in support of the Somali security forces;
                     23. Requests that the AU, taking into account progress achieved in offensive
               operations against Al Shabaab and other terrorist organisations, by gradually, and in
               a limited manner, and where appropriate, reconfigure AMISOM uniformed
               personnel in favour of police personnel within the authorized AMISOM personnel
               ceiling, and provide updates on the reconfiguration as appropriate through the
               Secretary-General;
                     24. Requests the Secretary-General, in consultation with the African Union,
               to conduct a joint assessment mission of AMISOM, after the 2016 electoral process,
               to ensure that AMISOM is properly configured to support the next phase of state -
               building in Somalia, and to present options and recommendations to the Security
               Council by 15 April 2017;
                     25. Stresses the importance of the FGS accelerating the strengthening a nd
               improved coordination of the Somali security institutions, and enhancing efforts to
               move towards the eventual handover of security responsibilities to the Somali
               security services, including through the establishment of a forum between the FGS,
               AU and United Nations to specifically plan for, and regularly monitor, the handover
               of security responsibilities, which is an essential part of AMISOM’s eventual exit
               strategy, and requests regular updates on this trilateral coordination through the
               Secretary-General;

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           Somali Security Forces
                 26. Calls for the rapid implementation of the National Security Policy, and
           the federal policing model, and expeditious agreement on a Somali federal security
           sector architecture, which clearly defines the roles, responsibilities and structures of
           relevant security sector institutions as a way of improving coordination between
           AMISOM and the Somali security forces and ensuring coherence and sustainability
           of international assistance by UNSOM;
                 27. Underscores the importance of bilateral partners delivering on any
           pledged support as well as supporting UNSOM in implementing its mandate to
           assist the FGS in coordinating international donor support on security sector
           assistance, and in this regard emphasizes the importance of UNSOM’s mandate to
           assist the FGS in coordinating international donor support on security sector
           assistance;
                 28. Welcomes the support already provided by the international community
           and bilateral donors to the Somali security sector, encourages partners to further
           enhance their support to the FGS for the development of the Somali security sector
           and calls upon new partners to come forward to support this development, and
           reiterates the importance of coordination amongst all partners;
                29. Underlines that it is essential that military operations are followed
           immediately by national efforts to establish or improve governance structures in
           recovered areas and by the delivery of basic services, including security;
                 30. Welcomes the commitment of the FGS and emerging Federal states to
           establish basic policing services across Somalia, as envisaged in the new federal
           policing model, encourages donors to support the FGS in its implementation, and
           welcomes capacity-building for the maritime police force in line with resolution
           2246 (2015) by the FGS with the support of UNSOM, and looks forward to progress
           towards its implementation;
                 31. Takes note of the Secretary-General’s examination in his letter of
           7 October 2015 (S/2015/762) of the concept and feasibility of the options available
           for entities to provide logistics support to the Puntland forces that are to be
           integrated into the SNA, further notes that such support to the SNA in Puntland be
           provided by a United Nations entity other than UNSOS, and welcomes the intention
           to continue to work towards identifying the best mechanism;

           Logistical Support
                32. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to provide a logistical
           support package for AMISOM and 70 AMISOM civilians, the SNA on joint
           operations with AMISOM, and UNSOM, as set out in paragraph 2 of resolution
           2245 and requests the Secretary-General to expedite the necessary procedures to
           implement resolution 2245;
                 33. Requests the AU, the United Nations and troop-contributing countries to
           jointly determine the equipment requirements for AMISOM and to conclude
           negotiations on the trilateral Memorandum of Understa nding (MOU) without delay,
           and requests the Secretary-General to report on the status of the tripartite MOUs in
           his regular reporting;

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               Somalia
                     34. Welcomes President Hassan Sheikh’s and the FGS’s commitment to an
               inclusive and credible electoral process in 2016 and underlines the Council’s
               expectation that there should not be an extension of electoral process timelines for
               either the executive or legislative branches, underlines the importance of
               implementing the electoral process set out in the 22 May 2016 Presidential decree
               without further delay, calls on all parties to engage constructively to achieve this
               and emphasizes that this year’s electoral process is a critical step towards one
               person one vote elections in 2020 and in this regard urges the National Leadership
               Forum to adopt a roadmap to the 2020 elections;
                     35. Underlines the need to ensure progress in the constitutional review
               process without further delay in order to establish an effective federal political
               system and a comprehensive reconciliation process that brings about national
               cohesion and integration, and underlines in this regard the importance of supporting
               the peaceful and inclusive completion of the state formation process and providing
               effective mediation when necessary and encourages close dialogue between the
               FGS, regional administrations, civil society and the Somali public in this regard;
                     36. Calls on President Hassan Sheikh and the FGS to implement
               commitments to security sector reform, including on increasing the transparency
               and accountability of security sector financial management, and to deliver early
               implementation of the endorsed national security policy, resulting in a clea r,
               sustainable and agreed architecture of security sector institutions, urges the
               President and FGS to undertake this comprehensive security sector reform as soon
               as possible, including by providing timely, regular and predictable payment of
               stipends for the SNA, and underlines in this regard the need to ensure full and
               regular consultation with, and support from, all Federal states and Interim Regional
               Administrations;
                    37. Welcomes the FGS’ active engagement with the Universal Periodic
               Review Process and encourages implementation by states of all accepted
               recommendations;
                     38. Expresses concern at continued violations and abuses of human rights
               and violations of international humanitarian law in Somalia and underscores the
               need to end impunity, uphold human rights and to hold accountable those
               responsible for such violations and abuses, welcomes the recent passage of
               legislation to establish Somalia’s National Human Rights Commission, encourages
               its rapid formation and further encourages the FGS to pass legislation aimed at
               protecting human rights and ensuring investigations and prosecutions of perpetrators
               of crimes involving violations of international humanitarian law and human rights
               violations and abuses;
                     39. Expresses concern at the increase in forced evictions of internally
               displaced persons (IDPs) from public and private infrastructure in major towns in
               Somalia, stresses that any eviction should be consistent with relevant national and
               international frameworks, calls upon the FGS and all relevant actors to strive to
               provide concrete durable solutions for internal displacement, and encourages the
               FGS, with the support of partners, to create an environment conducive to the
               voluntary repatriation of refugees, and the voluntary, safe and dignified return, local
               integration or resettlement of IDPs;

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                 40. Expresses concern at the ongoing humanitarian crisis in Somalia and its
           impact on the people of Somalia, commends the efforts of the United Nations
           humanitarian agencies and other humanitarian actors to deli ver life-saving
           assistance to vulnerable populations, condemns the increase in attacks against
           humanitarian workers and calls on all parties to respect and protect humanitarian
           personnel, facilities and assets; further condemns any misuse or obstruction of
           humanitarian assistance, and reiterates its demand that all parties allow and
           facilitate full, safe and unhindered access for the timely delivery of aid to persons in
           need across Somalia; underlines the importance of proper accounting in
           international humanitarian support, and encourages national disaster management
           agencies in Somalia to scale up capacity with support from the United Nations to
           take a stronger leadership role in coordination of humanitarian response;
                41. Underlines the importance of respect for international humanitarian law
           and the protection of civilians, especially women and children, as well as relevant
           Security Council resolutions, by all actors in Somalia;
                 42. Reaffirms the important role of women and youth in the prevention and
           resolution of conflicts and in peacebuilding, stresses the importance of their
           participation in all efforts for the maintenance and promotion of peace and security,
           recalls in this regard Security Council resolution 2242 (2015), notes that women are
           not adequately represented in the assemblies of the new interim regional
           administrations and urges the FGS and Interim Regional Administrations to
           continue to promote increased representation of women at all decision -making
           levels in Somali institutions, including meeting the agreed 30% quota for women in
           both houses of the Federal Parliament in the 2016 electoral process, and encourages
           UNSOM to enhance its interaction across Somali civil society, including women,
           youth, and religious leaders in order to ensure that the views of civil society are
           incorporated in the various political processes;
                 43. Welcomes Somalia’s ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the
           Child (1989) and calls for increased implementation of the two Action Plans signed
           in 2012 and strengthening of the legal framework for the protection of children,
           especially in light of continued abductions and unlawful recruitment and use of
           children in armed conflict as well as detention of children for association with
           armed groups as detailed in the annual Report of the Secretary-General on Children
           and Armed Conflict of 20 April 2016 (S/2016/360), and encourages the FGS to
           consider the ratification of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of
           the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict;

           Reporting
                44. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security Council regularly
           informed on the implementation of this resolution, including through oral updates
           and no fewer than three written reports, with the first written report by
           12 September 2016, and every 120 days thereafter;
                45.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Annex
               Units to be generated:
                     (a) A training team of 220 troops to assist the coordination and consolidation
               of bilateral training on one agreed instruction doctrine and to take the lead in
               training, mentoring and partnering the SNA;
                     (b) Logistics Mission Enabling Units of 190 personnel per sector and
               240 personnel at headquarters to reinforce command and control as well as to
               upgrade linkages between sector commands and AMISOM Headquarters in line with
               the expansion of operations;
                    (c)   An engineering unit of 190 personnel;
                    (d)   A signals unit of 117 personnel;
                     (e) Port Security component of 312 troops to be confined to patrols in the
               vicinity of key seaports and to operate jointly with Somali port security units;
                     (f) Civilian Casualty Tracking Analysis and Response Cell (CCTARC) of
               six personnel;
                     (g) An aviation component of up to a maximum of 3 utility helicopters and
               9 attack helicopters.

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Security Council resolution 2297 (2016) [on authorization to the Member States of the African Union to maintain the deployment of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) until 31 May 2017]

African Union Mission in Somalia|UN. Support Office in Somalia|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|SOMALIA|SOMALIA SITUATION|SUPPORT SERVICES

S/71 [84] SOMALIA SITUATION
S/ X The situation in Somalia.