               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2317 (2016)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               10 November 2016

               Resolution 2317 (2016)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7807th meeting, on
               10 November 2016

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling all its previous resolutions and statements of its President on the
               situation in Somalia and Eritrea, in particular resolutions 733 (1992), 1844 (2008),
               1907 (2009), 2036 (2012), 2023 (2011), 2093 (2013), 2111 (2013), 2124 (2013),
               2125 (2013), 2142 (2014), 2182 (2014), and 2244 (2015),
                    Taking note of the final reports of the Somalia and Eritrea Monitoring Gro up
               (the SEMG) on Somalia (S/2016/919) and Eritrea (S/2016/920) and their
               conclusions on the situations in both Somalia and Eritrea,
                    Reaffirming its respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, political
               independence and unity of Somalia, Djibouti and Eritrea respectively,
                     Condemning any flows of weapons and ammunition supplies to and through
               Somalia in violation of the arms embargo on Somalia and to Eritrea in violation of
               the arms embargo on Eritrea, as a serious threat to peace and stability in the region,
                    Expressing concern that Al-Shabaab continues to pose a serious threat to the
               peace and stability of Somalia and the region,
                    Welcoming the further improved relationship between the Federal Government
               of Somalia (FGS), regional administrations, and the SEMG, and underlining the
               importance of these relationships improving further and strengthening in the future,
                     Welcoming the efforts of the FGS to improve its notifications to the Committee
               pursuant to resolutions 751 (1992) and 1907 (2009) concerning Somalia and Eritrea
               (“the Committee”), looking forward to further progress in the future, particularly in
               relation to post-delivery notifications, and recalling that improved arms and
               ammunition management in Somalia is a fundamental component of greater peace
               and stability for the region,
                     Taking note of the preliminary efforts of the FGS to restore key economic and
               financial institutions and progress achieved on financial governance and structural
               reforms; and welcoming the passing of anti-money-laundering legislation and the
               establishment of a Financial Reporting Centre,

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                     Underlining the importance of financial propriety in the run up to, and conduct
               of, elections in Somalia in 2016, and stressing the need for further efforts to fight
               corruption, promote transparency and increase mutual accountability in Somalia,
                     Expressing serious concern at reports of illegal, unreported and unregulated
               fishing in waters where Somalia has jurisdiction, underlining the importance of
               refraining from illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, welcoming further
               reporting on the matter, and encouraging the FGS, with the support of the
               international community, to ensure that fishing licenses are issued in a responsible
               manner and in line with the appropriate Somali legal framework,
                     Expressing serious concern at the ongoing difficulties in delivering
               humanitarian aid in Somalia, and condemning in the strongest terms any party
               obstructing the delivery of humanitarian assistance, as well as the misappropriation
               or diversion of any humanitarian funds or supplies,
                     Recalling that the FGS has the primary responsibility to protect its population,
               and recognizing the FGS’ responsibility, working with the regional administrations
               to build the capacity of its own national security forces, as a matter of priority,
                    Taking note of the two meetings and six letters between the representative of
               the Government of Eritrea and the SEMG, expressing concern that the SEMG has
               not been able to visit Eritrea since 2011 and fully discharge its mandate, and
               underlining that deepened cooperation will help the Security Council be better
               informed about Eritrea’s compliance with the relevant Security Council resolutions,
                    Taking note that during the course of its current and two previous mandates the
               SEMG has not found any evidence that the Government of Eritrea is supporting
               Al-Shabaab,
                     Expressing concern over reports by the SEMG of ongoing Eritrean support for
               certain regional armed groups, and encouraging the SEMG to provide further
               detailed reporting and evidence on this issue,
                     Expressing serious concern at ongoing reports of Djiboutian combatants
               missing in action since the clashes in 2008, urging Eritrea to share any available
               detailed information pertaining to the combatants, including to the SEMG,
                     Welcoming the release of four prisoners of war by Eritrea in March 2016,
               expressing support for mediation efforts by the State of Qatar and encouraging
               further mediation efforts by the State of Qatar in order to reach a final and binding
               solution to resolve this issue as well as the border dispute between Djibouti and
               Eritrea,
                     Underlining the importance it attaches to all Member States complying with
               the terms of the arms embargo imposed on Eritrea by resolution 1907 (2009),
                    Determining that the situation in Somalia, as well as the dispute between
               Djibouti and Eritrea, continues to constitute a threat to international peace and
               security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

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           Arms embargo
                 1.   Reaffirms the arms embargo on Somalia, imposed by paragraph 5 of
           resolution 733 (1992) and further elaborated upon in paragraphs 1 and 2 of
           resolution 1425 (2002) and modified by paragraphs 33 to 38 of resolution 2093
           (2013) and paragraphs 4 to 17 of resolution 2111 (2013), paragraph 14 of resolution
           2125 (2013), paragraph 2 of resolution 2142 (2014), and paragraphs 2 to 10 of
           resolution 2244 (2015) (hereafter referred to as “the arms embargo on Somalia”);
                 2.   Decides to renew the provisions set out in paragraph 2 of resolution 2142
           (2014) until 15 November 2017, and in that context reiterates that the arms embargo
           on Somalia shall not apply to deliveries of weapons, ammunition or military
           equipment or the provision of advice, assistance or training, intended solely for the
           development of the Somali National Security Forces, to provide security for the
           Somali people, except in relation to deliveries of the items set out in the annex of
           resolution 2111 (2013);
                 3.   Reaffirms that the entry into Somali ports for temporary visits of vessels
           carrying arms and related materiel for defensive purposes does not amount to a
           delivery of such items in violation of the arms embargo on Somalia, provided that
           such items remain at all times aboard such vessels;
                 4.    Reiterates that weapons or military equipment sold or supplied solely for
           the development of the Somali National Security Forces may not be resold to,
           transferred to, or made available for use by, any individual or entity not in the
           service of the Somali National Security Forces, and underlines the responsibility of
           the FGS to ensure the safe and effective management, storage and security of their
           stockpiles;
                 5.   Welcomes in this regard the commencement, by the FGS, of a more
           rigorous weapons registration, recording and marking procedure, expresses concern
           at reports of continued weapons diversion from within the FGS, notes that further
           improved weapons management is vital in order to prevent the diversion of
           weapons, welcomes the efforts of the FGS to develop detailed Standard Operating
           Procedures for weapons and ammunition management, and urges the FGS to
           finalize and implement these procedures as soon as possible;
                 6.   Further welcomes the efforts of the FGS in establishing the Joint
           Verification Team (JVT) and urges Member States to support improved weapons
           and ammunition management to improve the capacity of the FGS to manage
           weapons and ammunition;
                 7.    Welcomes the improvement in FGS reporting to the Security Council
           pursuant to paragraph 9 of resolution 2182 (2014) and as requested in paragraph 7
           of resolution 2244 (2015), calls on the FGS and regional administrations to
           prioritize a sustainable and comprehensive agreement on the compositio n of the
           Somali Security Forces based on the National Security Policy and requests the FGS
           to report to the Security Council in accordance with paragraph 9 of resolution 2182
           (2014) and as requested in paragraph 7 of resolution 2244 (2015) on the structure,
           composition, strength and disposition of its Security Forces, including the status of
           regional and militia forces by 30 March 2017 and then by 30 September 2017;

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                     8.    Recalls that the FGS has the primary responsibility to notify the
               Committee, pursuant to paragraphs 3 to 8 of resolution 2142 (2014), welcomes the
               efforts of the FGS in improving its notifications to the Committee;
                     9.    Calls upon the FGS to improve the timeliness and content of
               notifications regarding the completion of deliveries, as set out in paragraph 6 of
               resolution 2142 (2014) and the destination unit upon distribution of imported arms
               and ammunition, as set out by paragraph 7 of resolution 2142 (2014);
                     10. Stresses Member States’ obligations pursuant to the notification
               procedures set out in paragraph 11 (a) of resolution 2111 (2013), underlines the
               need for Member States to strictly follow the notification procedures for providing
               assistance to develop Somali security sector institutio ns, and encourages Member
               States to consider the Implementation Assistance Notice of 14 March 2016 as a
               guide;
                     11. Recalls paragraph 2 of resolution 2142 (2014) and notes that support for
               the development of the Somali National Security Forces may include, inter alia,
               building infrastructure and provision of salaries and stipends solely provided to the
               Somali National Security Forces;
                     12. Urges increased cooperation by Africa Union Mission in Somalia
               (AMISOM), as set out in paragraph 6 of resolution 2182 (2014), to document and
               register all military equipment captured as part of offensive operations or in the
               course of carrying out their mandates, involving other Somali National Security
               Forces as appropriate;
                     13. Calls upon the FGS and regional administrations to enhance civilian
               oversight of its Security Forces, to adopt and implement appropriate vetting
               procedures of all defence and security personnel, including human rights vetting, in
               particular through investigation and prosecuting individuals responsible for
               violations of international humanitarian law, and in this context recalls the
               importance of the Secretary-General’s Human Rights and Due Diligence Policy in
               relation to the support provided by the United Nations to the Somali National Army;
                     14. Underlines the importance of timely and predictable payment of salaries
               to the Somali security forces and calls on the FGS to implement systems to improve
               the timeliness and accountability of payments and supply of provisions to the
               Somali security forces;
                    15. Recalls the need to build the capacities of the Somali National Security
               Forces, in particular the provision of equipment, training and mentoring, in order to
               build credible, professional security forces to enable the gradual handing over of
               security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces, and
               encourages further donor support in this regard;
                     16. Further reaffirms the arms embargo on Eritrea imposed by paragraphs 5
               and 6 of resolution 1907 (2009) (hereafter referred to as “the arms embargo on
               Eritrea”);

               Threats to peace and security
                    17. Expresses concern at the continued reports of corruption and diversion of
               public resources which pose a risk to State-building efforts, expresses serious

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           concern at reports of financial impropriety involving members of the FGS, regional
           administrations, Federal Member States and Federal Parliament, which pose a risk
           to State-building efforts, and in this context underlines that individuals engaged in
           acts which threaten the peace and reconciliation process in Somalia may be listed
           for targeted measures;
                 18. Welcomes the efforts which the FGS has made in order to improve its
           financial management procedures including continued engagement between the FGS
           and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), encourages the Somali authorities to
           maintain the pace of reform and continue the implementation of IMF -recommended
           reforms to support the continuation of a Staff Monitored Programme and increased
           transparency, accountability, comprehensiveness and predictability in revenue
           collection and budget allocations, and expresses concern at the generation and
           distribution of counterfeit Somali currency;
                19.   Reaffirms Somalia’s sovereignty over its natural resources;
                 20. Reiterates its serious concern that the petroleum sector in Somalia could
           be a driver for increased conflict, and in that context underlines the vital importance
           of the FGS putting in place, without undue delay, resource -sharing arrangements
           and credible legal framework to ensure that the petroleum sector in Somalia does
           not become a source of increased tension;
                 21. Expresses serious concern at Al-Shabaab’s increasing reliance on
           revenue from natural resources including the taxing of illicit sugar trade,
           agricultural production, and livestock and looks forward to further SEMG reporting
           on this issue;

           Charcoal ban
                 22. Reaffirms the ban on the import and export of Somali charcoal, as set out
           in paragraph 22 of resolution 2036 (2012) (“the charcoal ban”), welcomes the
           decrease in exports of charcoal from Somalia and increased efforts of Member
           States to prevent the import of charcoal of Somali origin, reiterates that the Somali
           authorities shall take the necessary measures to prevent the export of charcoal from
           Somalia, and urges Member States to continue their efforts to ensure full
           implementation of the ban;
                23. Reiterates its requests in paragraph 18 of resolution 2111 (2013), that
           AMISOM support and assist the Somali authorities in implementing the total ban on
           the export of charcoal from Somalia and calls upon AMISOM to facilitate regular
           access for the SEMG to charcoal exporting ports;
                 24. Welcomes the efforts of the Combined Maritime Forces (CMF) in their
           efforts to disrupt the export and import of charcoal to and from Somalia, and further
           welcomes the cooperation between the SEMG and CMF in keeping the Committee
           informed on the charcoal trade;
                 25. Expresses concern that the charcoal trade provides funding for
           Al-Shabaab, and in that context reiterates paragraphs 11 to 21 of resolution 2182
           (2014), and further decides to renew the provisions set out in paragraph 15 of
           resolution 2182 (2014) until 15 November 2017;

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                    26. Encourages the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime to continue
               its work, within its current mandate, under the Indian Ocean Forum on Maritime
               Crime to bring together relevant Member States and international organizations to
               develop strategies to disrupt the trade in Somali charcoal;

               Humanitarian access
                     27. Expresses serious concern at the acute humanitarian situation in Somalia,
               condemns in the strongest terms increased attacks against humanitarian actors and
               any misuse of donor assistance and the obstruction of the delivery of humanitarian
               aid, and reiterates its demand that all parties allow and facilitate full, safe and
               unhindered access for the timely delivery of aid to persons in need across Somalia
               and encourages the FGS to improve the regulatory environment for aid donors;
                     28. Decides that until 15 November 2017 and without prejudice to
               humanitarian assistance programmes conducted elsewhere, the measures imposed
               by paragraph 3 of resolution 1844 (2008) shall not apply to the payment of funds,
               other financial assets or economic resources necessary to ensure the timely delivery
               of urgently needed humanitarian assistance in Somalia, by the United Nations, its
               specialized agencies or programmes, humanitarian organizations having observer
               status with the United Nations General Assembly that provide humanitarian
               assistance, and their implementing partners including bilaterally or multilaterally
               funded non-governmental organizations participating in the United Nations
               Humanitarian Response Plan for Somalia;
                    29. Requests the Emergency Relief Coordinator to report to the Security
               Council by 15 October 2017 on the delivery of humanitarian assistance in Somalia
               and on any impediments to the delivery of humanitarian assistance in Somalia, and
               requests relevant United Nations agencies and humanitarian organizations having
               observer status with the United Nations General Assembly and their implementing
               partners that provide humanitarian assistance in Somalia to increase their
               cooperation and willingness to share information with the United Nations;

               Eritrea
                     30. Welcomes the SEMG’s ongoing and significant efforts to engage with the
               Government of Eritrea, in that context recalls the two meetings between the
               Representative of the Government of Eritrea and the SEMG, reiterates its
               expectation that the Government of Eritrea will facilitate the entry of the SEMG to
               Eritrea, to discharge fully its mandate, in line with its repeated requests, including in
               paragraph 52 of resolution 2182 (2014); and underlines that deepened cooperation
               will help the Security Council be better informed about Eritrea’s compliance with
               the relevant Security Council resolutions;
                     31. Urges the Government of Eritrea to facilitate a visit of the SEMG to
               Eritrea, and thereafter to support regular visits to Eritrea by the SEMG;
                    32. Calls on Eritrea to cooperate fully with the SEMG, in accordance with
               the SEMG’s mandate contained in paragraph 13 of resolution 2060 (2012) and
               updated in paragraph 41 of resolution 2093 (2013);
                   33. Stresses its demand that the Government of Eritrea allow access and
               make available any detailed information, including to the SEMG, pertaining to the

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           Djiboutian combatants missing in action since the clashes of 2008 so that those
           concerned may ascertain the presence and conditions of any remaining Djiboutian
           prisoners of war;
                34. Expresses its intention to review measures on Eritrea in light of the
           upcoming midterm update by the SEMG due by 30 April 2017, and taking into
           account relevant Security Council resolutions;

           Somalia
                 35. Recalls resolution 1844 (2008) which imposed targeted sanctions and
           resolutions 2002 (2011) and 2093 (2013) which expanded the listing criteria, and
           notes one of the listing criteria under resolution 1844 (2008) is engaging in acts that
           threaten the peace, security or stability of Somalia;
                36. Reiterates its willingness to adopt targeted measures against individuals
           and entities on the basis of the above-mentioned criteria;
                 37. Reiterates its request for Member States to assist the SEMG in their
           investigations, reiterates that obstructing the investigations or work of the SEMG is
           a criterion for listing under paragraph 15 (e) of resolution 1907 (2009) and further
           requests the FGS, regional authorities and AMISOM to share information wit h the
           SEMG regarding Al-Shabaab activities;
                 38. Decides to extend until 15 December 2017 the mandate of the Somalia
           and Eritrea SEMG as set out in paragraph 13 of resolution 2060 (2012) and updated
           in paragraph 41 of resolution 2093 (2013), and expresses its intention to review the
           mandate and take appropriate action regarding the further extension no later than
           15 November 2017;
                 39. Requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary administrative
           measures as expeditiously as possible to re-establish the SEMG, in consultation
           with the Committee, until 15 December 2017, drawing, as appropriate, on the
           expertise of the members of the SEMG established pur suant to previous resolutions,
           and further requests that administrative support to the SEMG be adjusted, within
           existing resources, to facilitate the delivery of their mandate;
                 40. Requests the SEMG to provide monthly updates to the Committee, and a
           comprehensive midterm update, as well as to submit, for the Security Council’s
           consideration, through the Committee, two final reports; one focusing on Somalia,
           the other on Eritrea by 15 October 2017, covering all the tasks set out in paragraph 13
           of resolution 2060 (2012) and updated in paragraph 41 of resolution 2093 (2013)
           and paragraph 15 of resolution 2182 (2014);
                 41. Requests the Committee, in accordance with its mandate and in
           consultation with the SEMG and other relevant United Nations entities to consider
           the recommendations contained in the reports of the SEMG and recommend to the
           Security Council ways to improve the implementation of and compliance with the
           Somalia and Eritrea arms embargoes, the measures regarding the import and export
           of charcoal from Somalia, as well as implementation of the measures imposed by
           paragraphs 1, 3 and 7 of resolutions 1844 (2008) and paragraphs 5, 6, 8, 10, 12 and
           13 of resolution 1907 (2009) in response to continuing violations;

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                     42. Requests the Committee to consider, where and when appropriate, visits
               to selected countries by the Chair and/or Committee members to enhance the full
               and effective implementation of the measures above, with a view to encouraging
               States to comply fully with this resolution;
                    43.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2317 (2016) [on renewal of the provisions of para. 2 of Security Council resolution 2142 (2014) until 15 Nov. 2017 concerning the arms embargo on Somalia and on extension of the mandate of the Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea until 15 Dec. 2017]

Southern Asia|Sub-Saharan Africa|Western Asia

UN. Monitoring Group Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 1519 (2003) and 1907 (2009)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|ARMS EMBARGO|INTERNAL SECURITY|SANCTIONS|CHARCOAL|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|SOMALIA|ERITREA|SOMALIA SITUATION

S/71 [84] SOMALIA SITUATION
S/71 [151] ERITREA--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/ X The situation in Somalia.


               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2318 (2016)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               15 November 2016

               Resolution 2318 (2016)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7810th meeting, on
               15 November 2016

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions and its presidential statements on the
               situation in Sudan and South Sudan, and in particular, resolutions 1990 (2011), 2024
               (2011), 2032 (2011), 2046 (2012), 2047 (2012), 2075 (2012), 2104 (2013), 2126
               (2013), 2156 (2014), 2179 (2014), 2205 (2015), 2230 (2015), 2251 (2015) and 2287
               (2016) as well as presidential statements S/PRST/2012/19 and S/PRST/2013/14, and
               the Council’s press statements of 18 June 2012, 21 September 2012, 28 September
               2012, 6 May 2013, 14 June 2013, 14 February 2014, 17 March 2014, 11 December
               2014, and 27 November 2015,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of Sudan and South Sudan, and to the purposes and the
               principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and recalling the importance of the
               principles of good neighbourliness, non-interference and regional cooperation,
                     Reiterating that the territorial boundaries of States shall not be altered by
               force, and that any territorial disputes shall be settled exclusively by peaceful
               means, affirming the priority it attaches to the full and urgent implementation of all
               outstanding issues from the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), and
               underscoring that the future status of Abyei shall be resolved by negotiations
               between the parties in a manner consistent with the CPA and not by the unilateral
               actions of either party,
                    Recalling the commitments made by the Government of Sudan and the
               Government of South Sudan in the 20 June 2011 Agreement between the
               Government of Sudan and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement on Temporary
               Arrangements for the Administration and Security of the Abyei Area, the 29 June
               2011 Agreement between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of
               South Sudan on Border Security and the Joint Political and Security Mechanism
               (JPSM), and the 30 July 2011 Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission
               between the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan, as well as
               the 27 September 2012 Agreements on Cooperation and Security Arrangements, the
               JPSM’s 8 March 2013 decision, and the Implementation Matrix of 12 March 2013,

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               reached by the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan in Addis
               Ababa under the auspices of the African Union High-level Implementation Panel
               (AUHIP), as well as the extraordinary meeting of the JPSM on 13 -14 October 2015
               and the ordinary session of the JPSM on 5 June 2016,
                     Recognizing some positive developments reported at the beginning of this year
               in relations between the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan on border security,
               encouraging progress on improving bilateral relations between Sudan and South
               Sudan, and stressing the need for regular meetings of the JPSM and other joint
               mechanisms, including the Joint Border Commission and Joint Demarcation
               Committee, to enable dialogue and coordination on matters of border security,
                    Urging the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to reinvigorate progress
               towards implementing the Temporary Arrangements for the Administration and
               Security of the Abyei Area as set out in the 20 June 2011 Agreement,
                     Expressing its full support for the efforts of the African Union on the situation
               between the Republic of Sudan and the Republic of South Sudan, in order to ease
               the current tension, facilitate the resumption of negotiations on post -secession
               relations and the normalization of their relations, recalling in this regard the African
               Union Peace and Security Council (AUPSC) communiqués of 24 April 2012,
               24 October 2012, 25 January 2013, 7 May 2013, 29 J uly 2013, 23 September 2013,
               26 October 2013, 12 November 2013, 12 September 2014, 31 July 2015, 25 August
               2015, and 19 January 2016; the AUPSC press statements of 6 November 2013,
               24 March 2015, and 10 December 2015; and the statement from the Chairperson of
               the African Union Commission on 28 October 2013 and the 24 June 2015 and
               14 October 2015 statements from the African Union Commission,
                     Reaffirming its previous resolutions 1265 (1999), 1296 (2000), 1674 (2006),
               1738 (2006), 1894 (2009) 2175 (2014) and 2222 (2015) on the protection of
               civilians in armed conflict; 1612 (2005), 1882 (2009), 1998 (2011), 2068 (2012),
               2143 (2014) and 2223 (2015) on children and armed conflict; 1502 (2003) on the
               protection of humanitarian and United Nations personnel; and 1325 (2000), 1820
               (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009), 1960 (2010), 2106 (2013), 2122 (2013), and
               2242 (2015) on women, peace and security,
                     Stressing the need for effective human rights monitoring and reporting,
               including of any sexual and gender-based violence and violations and abuses
               committed against women and children, taking note that there have been no
               developments with regard to the operationalization of human rights monitoring in
               the Abyei Area, and reiterating its concern at the lack of cooperation by the parties
               with the Secretary-General to this end,
                     Recalling that its resolution 2086 (2013) reiterates the importance, when
               establishing and renewing the mandates of United Nations Missions, of including
               provisions on the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of women in
               post-conflict situations and on children and armed conflict, and emphasizing that
               persistent barriers to full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000), and subsequent
               resolutions on women, peace, and security, including 2242 (2015), will only be
               dismantled through dedicated commitment to women’s empowerment, participation,
               and human rights, and through concerted leadership, consistent information and
               action, and support, to build women’s engagement in all levels of decision -making,

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                 Acknowledging the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
           Sudan’s acceptance at the 13-14 October 2015 JPSM meeting of the map presented
           by the AUHIP in November 2011 relating to the Safe Demilitarized Border Zone
           (SDBZ), their agreement that the centreline is only the location of the separation
           line between armed forces, as well as the parties’ agreement to activate all
           mechanisms relating to the JPSM as provided for in relevant agreements, and
           encouraging the parties to delineate or agree on the coordinates of, and demilitarize
           the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”, and to fully implement the Joint Border
           Verification and Monitoring Mechanism (JBVMM), in accordance with Security
           Council resolution 2046 (2012) and the AUPSC Roadmap of 24 April 2012, and
           underlining the importance of fully establishing and maintaining effecti ve JBVMM
           monitoring of the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”, and further urging the
           parties to cooperate in allowing the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei
           (UNISFA) to fulfil its responsibility to provide security for the JBVMM’s mission
           to monitor the SDBZ,
                Noting with concern the absence of local institutions to manage the Abyei Area
           and lack of progress in convening an Abyei Joint Oversight Committee (AJOC)
           meeting since March 2015,
                 Recognizing the importance of regular dialogue between the Governments of
           Sudan and South Sudan, recalling the United Nations Security Council decision in
           resolution 2046 (2012) that the parties must resume immediately negotiations to
           reach agreement on Abyei final status under the auspices of the AUHIP, calling
           upon all parties to engage constructively in the process mediated by the AUHIP
           towards final agreement on the final status of the Abyei Area, and stressing that the
           parties must immediately implement pending aspects of the 20 June 2011
           Agreement, in particular to resolve the dispute over the Abyei Area Agreement, and
           to resolve the dispute over the Abyei Area Council, and immediately establish the
           Abyei Area Administration and Abyei Police Service,
                Stressing that both countries and communities will have much to gain if they
           show restraint and choose the path of dialogue instead of resorting to violence or
           provocations,
                 Commending the continued assistance provided to the parties by the AUHIP,
           the Intergovernmental Authority on Development, the Federal Democratic Republic
           of Ethiopia, the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Sudan and South Sudan,
           and UNISFA,
                 Further commending the efforts of UNISFA in effectively carrying out its
           mandate, including by its ongoing facilitation of peaceful migration throughout the
           Abyei Area, conflict prevention, mediation and deterrence, and expressing its deep
           appreciation for the work of the troop-contributing countries, and strongly
           underscoring the unacceptability of any attack on United Nations personnel,
           including the 26 November 2015 attack that resulted in the death of a peacekeeper,
           and reiterating that such attacks should be swiftly and thoroughly investigated, an d
           that those responsible should be held to account,
               Taking note of the security situation in the Abyei Area as characterized by the
           12 October 2016 Secretary-General’s report (S/2016/864), and acknowledging
           UNISFA’s contribution to enhanced peace and stability since its deployment and

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               expressing its determination to prevent the recurrence of violence against or
               displacements of civilians and to avert intercommunal conflict,
                    Reiterating its deep concern regarding the public administration and rule of
               law vacuum in the Abyei Area, due to continued delays in the establishment of the
               Abyei Area Administration and Council and Police, including a special unit to deal
               with particular issues related to nomadic migration, which are essential to maintain
               law and order and prevent intercommunal conflict in Abyei, and in this regard,
               welcoming UNISFA’s efforts to support and strengthen community protection
               committees, and to continue engaging with both governments on this is sue,
                     Noting with concern the continued delay in establishing the temporary
               institutions and resolving the final status of Abyei and that the continued threat of
               intercommunal violence contributes to heightened tensions in the Abyei Area,
               including those ongoing tensions that prevent UNISFA’s and other agencies’
               Sudanese staff from returning to Abyei,
                     Urging all parties to refrain from any unilateral action that could aggravate
               intercommunal relations within the Abyei Area, expressing concern over the
               continued implications of what the AUPSC described in their 6 November 2013
               press statement as “the decision by the Ngok Dinka to conduct a unilateral
               referendum” and also in this context, taking note that the Government of Sudan
               proceeded with its April 2015 national elections in Abyei,
                     Taking note of the information in the 15 April 2016 Secretary-General’s report
               (S/2016/353) regarding completion of earthwork excavation at the Diffra oil
               installation,
                     Bearing in mind the current humanitarian situation in which humanitarian
               actors continue to provide assistance to 139,000 people in the Abyei Area and the
               importance of coherence of United Nations assistance in the region, and further
               stressing the urgency of facilitating the delivery of humanitarian assistance to all
               affected populations,
                     Affirming the importance of voluntary, safe, dignified return and sustainable
               reintegration of displaced persons, and of peaceful and orderly migration cycles
               respecting the traditional migratory routes from Sudan to South Sudan through
               Abyei, and urging UNISFA to continue to take measures as necessary to ensure
               security in the Abyei Area in accordance with its mandate,
                     Recalling its resolution 2117 (2013), and expressing grave concern at the
               threat to peace and security in Abyei arising from the illicit transfer, destabilizing
               accumulation and misuse of small arms and light weapons, welcoming the
               completion of infrastructure, systems, and policy for weapons confiscation, storage
               and destruction, and calling on UNISFA to ensure adequate protection of this
               infrastructure,
                    Expressing concern about the residual threat of landmines and explosive
               remnants of war in the Abyei Area, which hinders the safe return of displaced
               persons to their homes, safe migration, and livelihood activities,
                     Taking note of the 12 October 2016 Secretary-General’s report (S/2016/864),
               including the Secretary-General’s call on the parties to renew efforts to address the
               issues that have remained unresolved, implement the 20 June 2011 Abyei

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           Agreement, and ensure full and permanent withdrawal of all unauthorized forces
           from the Abyei Area,
                 Recalling that the Security Council welcomed in resolution 2205 (2015) the
           decision of the Secretary-General to appoint a civilian head of mission,
                Recognizing that the current situation in Abyei and along the border between
           the Sudan and South Sudan continues to constitute a serious threat to international
           peace and security,
                 1.   Decides to extend until 15 May 2017 the mandate of the United Nations
           Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) as set out in paragraph 2 of resolution
           1990 (2011) and modified by resolution 2024 (2011) and paragraph 1 of resolution
           2075 (2012), and acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
           further decides to extend until 15 May 2017 the tasks of UNISFA as set out in
           paragraph 3 of resolution 1990 (2011), and determines that for the purposes of
           paragraph 1 of resolution 2024 (2011), support to the operational activities of the
           JBVMM shall include support to the Ad Hoc Committees, as appropriate when so
           requested by consensual decisions of these mechanisms, within UNISFA’s
           operational area and existing capabilities;
                 2.    Takes note of the stated intention by both sides to hold another AJOC
           meeting, regrets the meeting has not yet taken place, and urges the holding of more
           productive meetings to ensure steady progress on the implementation of previous
           AJOC decisions and the 20 June 2011 Agreement, recalls the need for African
           Union initiatives to support this goal and encourages its renewed engagement, and
           requests the Secretary-General to provide an assessment of progress on these issues
           in his regular reports;
                 3.    Underscores that continued cooperation between the Government of
           Sudan and Government of South Sudan is also critical for peace, security and
           stability and the future relations between them;
                4.    Further reiterates its demand that Sudan and South Sudan urgently
           commence the establishment of the Abyei Area Administration and Council,
           including by resolving the deadlock over the composition of the Council, and
           constitute the Abyei Police Service, to enable it to take over policing functions
           throughout the Abyei Area, including the protection of oil infrastructure, in
           accordance with their commitments in the 20 June 2011 Agreement;
                 5.   Expresses renewed concern regarding the delays and stalled efforts to
           fully operationalize the JBVMM, takes note of the Secretary-General’s benchmarks
           and recommendations regarding JBVMM operations, takes note that continued
           investment in achieving full operational capability of the JBVMM should be based
           on a set of conditions, including resolution of the dispute over the SDBZ,
           resumption of border demarcation discussions, occurrence of regular meetings of
           the JPSM, and granting of full freedom of movement, and calls on both parties to
           demonstrate full commitment to implementation of their border arrangements and
           take the necessary steps to this effect, including by follow up to the 5 June 2016
           meeting and by swiftly holding a further meeting of the JPSM to take the
           operational decisions related to their agreement on the SDBZ;

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S/RES/2318 (2016)

                     6.    Decides to maintain the troops authorized by resolution 2104 (2013)
               already deployed, and that the remaining authorized forces continue to be deployed
               dependent on the evolution of the JBVMM, to enable UNISFA to provide required
               force protection to the JBVMM and to enable UNISFA to fully support the JBVMM
               to conduct extended operations into the SDBZ as soon as possible, and requests the
               Secretary-General to keep the Council fully updated on the status of deployment as
               part of his regular reporting cycle;
                     7.  Calls upon the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan to make timely and effective use of the JBVMM, JPSM and other agreed
               joint mechanisms to ensure the security and transparency of the SDBZ, including
               the “14 Mile Area”;
                     8.    Urges renewed efforts to determine conclusively the SDBZ centreline on
               the ground, and reiterates that the centreline of the SDBZ in no way prejudices the
               current or future legal status of the border, ongoing negotiations on the disputed and
               claimed areas, and demarcation of the borders;
                    9.    Underscores that UNISFA’s protection of civilians mandate as set out in
               paragraph 3 of resolution 1990 (2011) includes taking the necessary actions to
               protect civilians under imminent threat of physical violence, irrespective of the
               source of such violence;
                     10. Condemns the intermittent presence of South Sudan security service
               personnel and the deployment of Diffra Oil Police units in the Abyei Area, in
               violation of the 20 June 2011 Agreement, as well as any entry of armed militias into
               the territory, and reiterates its demands that immediately and without preconditions
               the Government of South Sudan fully redeploy its security service personnel from
               the Abyei Area and that the Government of Sudan redeploy the Oil Police in Diffra
               from the Abyei Area, and further reiterates, in accordance with relevant resolutions,
               in particular resolution 1990 (2011) and resolution 2046 (2012), that the Abyei Area
               shall be demilitarized from any forces, as well as armed elements of the local
               communities, other than UNISFA and the Abyei Police Service;
                    11. Supports the AJOC’s 3 May 2013 and 30 March 2015 decisions on
               Abyei’s status as a weapons-free area, underscores the AUPSC’s concern in its
               7 May 2013 Communiqué over reports that various communities living in Abyei are
               heavily armed, recalls that the 20 June 2011 Agreement on Temporary
               Arrangements for the Administration and Security of the Abyei Area stipulates that
               Abyei should be a weapons-free area and that only UNISFA is authorized to carry
               weapons inside the area, and in this regard, urges the two Governments to take all
               necessary steps to ensure that Abyei is effectively demilitarized, including through
               disarmament programs as necessary;
                     12. Reaffirms that UNISFA may undertake weapons confiscation and
               destruction in the Abyei Area as authorized under resolution 1990 (2011), consistent
               with its mandate and within its existing capabilities, in coordination with the
               signatories of the June 2011 Agreement on the Temporary Arrangements for the
               Administration and Security of the Abyei Area, the AJOC, and the Misseriya and
               Ngok Dinka communities and consistent with the previous AJOC decision to
               establish the Area as a “weapons free area”, and reiterates its request that UNISFA,
               observe, document and report on the movement of weapons into Abyei and the

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                                                                                S/RES/2318 (2016)

           presence, destruction and confiscation of weapons within Abyei as part of the
           Secretary-General’s regular reporting cycle;
                 13. Requests UNISFA to continue its dialogue with the AJOC and with the
           Misseriya and Ngok Dinka communities on effective strategies and oversight
           mechanisms for ensuring full compliance by all relevant parties with Abyei’s statu s
           as a weapons-free area, with a particular priority placed on the urgent elimination of
           heavy or crew-served weapons, as well as rocket-propelled grenades, and calls upon
           the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan, the AJOC, and the Misseriya and Ngok
           Dinka communities to extend full cooperation to UNISFA in this regard;
                 14. Urges the two Governments immediately to take steps to implement
           confidence-building measures among the respective communities in the Abyei Area,
           including through reconciliation processes at the grass-roots level and supporting
           UNISFA in promoting community dialogue, strongly welcomes continued
           engagement between the Ngok Dinka and Misseriya communities, and strongly
           urges all Abyei communities to exercise maximum restraint in all their engagements
           and to desist from inflammatory acts or statements that may lead to violent clashes;
                 15. Welcomes the positive developments at the grass-roots level between the
           Ngok Dinka and Misseriya communities, particularly their noted commitment to
           reconciliation and cooperation, as demonstrated by the resumption of trading
           activities and the monitoring of stolen property and livestock, including the prompt
           return of or provision of compensation for stolen property to victims of crime;
                 16. Welcomes UNISFA initiatives, to support community dialogue and efforts
           by the Misseriya and Ngok Dinka communities to strengthen inter -communal
           relationships and facilitate stability and reconciliation in the Abyei Area, including
           the facilitation of joint peace committee meetings between both communities;
                17. Welcomes UNISFA’s continued efforts, within existing capabilities and
           resources, and in close coordination with the Misseriya and Ngok Dinka
           communities, to strengthen the capacities of Community Protection Commi ttees in
           order to assist with management of law and order processes in Abyei and to
           continue engaging with both governments on this issue;
                 18. Calls upon all parties to cooperate fully with the findings and
           recommendations following the Abyei Area Joint Investigation and Inquiry
           Committee’s investigation into the killing of a UNISFA peacekeeper and the Ngok
           Dinka Paramount Chief, welcomes the 24 March 2015 AUPSC press statement
           requesting the AU Commission to engage the parties on the findings and
           recommendations, and reiterates the need to enable the two communities to find
           closure on the assassination of the Ngok Dinka Paramount Chief, bearing in mind
           the need to promote stability and reconciliation in the Abyei Area;
                19. Expresses its intention to review as appropriate the mandate of UNISFA
           for possible reconfiguration of the force in light of the compliance by Sudan and
           South Sudan with the decisions set forth in resolution 2046 (2012) and their
           commitments as set forth in the Agreements of 20 June, 29 June, 30 July 2011 and
           27 September 2012, including the redeployment of all forces from the SDBZ,
           achieving full operational capability for the JVBMM, and the Ad Hoc Committees,
           as well as completing the full demilitarization of the Abyei Area;

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S/RES/2318 (2016)

                    20. Calls upon all Member States, in particular Sudan and South Sudan, to
               ensure the free, unhindered and expeditious movement, to and from Abyei and
               throughout the SDBZ, of all personnel, as well as equipment, prov isions, supplies
               and other goods, including vehicles, aircraft, and spare parts, which are for the
               exclusive and official use of UNISFA;
                     21. Renews its call upon the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to
               provide full support to the United Nations, including by promptly issuing visas to
               military, police and civilian United Nations personnel, including humanitarian
               personnel, without prejudice to their nationality, for entry into Sudan and South
               Sudan, facilitating basing arrangements, infrastructure const ruction in the Mission
               Area and flight clearances, and providing logistical support, calls upon the
               Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to facilitate travel from within Sudan and
               South Sudan to and from Abyei, and further calls upon all parties to fully adhere to
               their obligations under the Status of Forces Agreements;
                     22. Recognizes that the absence of development projects and the inability to
               deliver basic government services has had an adverse effect on Abyei populations
               and calls upon the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan, as
               well as donors to support reconstruction and capacity-building;
                     23. Demands that the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan continue to facilitate the deployment of the United Nations Mine Actio n
               Service (UNMAS) to ensure JBVMM freedom of movement, as well as the
               identification and clearance of mines in the Abyei Area and SDBZ;
                     24. Further demands that all parties involved allow all humanitarian
               personnel full, safe and unhindered access to civilians in need of assistance and all
               necessary facilities for their operations, in accordance with international law,
               including applicable international humanitarian law, and United Nations guiding
               principles of humanitarian assistance;
                     25. Strongly urges that all parties cease all forms of violence, human rights
               violations and abuses, violations of international humanitarian law, and violations
               and abuses against children in violation of applicable international law;
                     26. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure that effective human rights
               monitoring is carried out, and the results included in his reports to the Council, and
               reiterates its call upon the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan to extend their full cooperation to the Secretary-General to this end,
               including by issuing visas to the concerned United Nations personnel;
                    27. Recalls resolution 2272 (2016) and further requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary measures to ensure full compliance of UNISFA with
               the United Nations zero tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to
               keep the Council fully informed through his regular country -specific reports to the
               Council about UNISFA’s progress in this regard, including with respect to the
               implementation of resolution 2272 (2016);
                     28. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to inform the Council of
               progress in implementing UNISFA’s mandate in one written report, no later than
               15 April 2017, and continue to bring to the Council’s immediate attention any
               serious violations of the above referenced Agreements;

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                                                                                S/RES/2318 (2016)

                 29. Requests the Secretary-General to conduct a strategic review of UNISFA,
           comprising an in-depth examination into the related resources and structure of its
           uniformed and civilian components, and further requests the Secretary-General to
           report to the Security Council on the results of this review no later than 1 April
           2017, including findings and recommendations for how UNISFA should be
           optimally configured and streamlined as appropriate, based on a rigorous evid encebased assessment of the impact of UNISFA activities towards the implementation of
           its mandate in resolution 2287 (2016);
                30. Notes the Secretary-General’s efforts to ensure close cooperation among
           United Nations missions in the region, including UNISFA, the United Nations
           Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS), and the African Union -United
           Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID), as well as his Special Envoy for
           Sudan and South Sudan, and requests that he continue this practice;
                31.   Decides to remain actively seized of this matter.

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Security Council resolution 2318 (2016) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 May 2017]

UN Interim Security Force for Abyei|Joint Border Verification Monitoring Mechanism (Sudan and South Sudan)|Abyei Joint Oversight Committee|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|INTERNAL SECURITY|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|DEMILITARIZED ZONES|ABYEI (SUDAN)|SUDAN|SOUTH SUDAN

S/71 [217] UN INTERIM SECURITY FORCE FOR ABYEI
S/71 [160] SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/71 [223] SOUTH SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/ X Reports of the Secretary-General on the Sudan and South Sudan.


               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2319 (2016)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               17 November 2016

               Resolution 2319 (2016)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7815th meeting,
               on 17 November 2016

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolutions 2314 (2016), 2235 (2015), 2209 (2015) and 2118
               (2013),
                    Noting that additional allegations of chemical weapons use in Syria are being
               investigated by the Fact-Finding Mission of the Organization for the Prohibition of
               Chemical Weapons (OPCW),
                     Condemning again in the strongest terms any use of any toxic chemicals as a
               weapon in the Syrian Arab Republic and expressing alarm that civilians continue to
               be killed and injured by toxic chemicals as weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic,
                     Reaffirming that the use of chemical weapons constitutes a serious violation of
               international law and reiterating that those individuals, entities, groups or
               governments responsible for any use of chemical weapons must be held accountable,
                     Reaffirming their grave concern that the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant
               (ISIL, also known as Da’esh), and other individuals, groups, undertakings, and
               entities associated with ISIL (Da’esh) or Al-Qaida, including but not limited to
               foreign terrorist fighters who have joined ISIL (Da’esh) in Syria, groups that have
               pledged allegiance to ISIL (Da’esh), and Al-Nusra Front (ANF), continue operating
               in the Syrian Arab Republic,
                    Stressing the need for all Member States to fully comply with their obligations
               under resolution 2178 (2014),
                     Recalling that in resolution 2118 the Council underscored that no party in
               Syria should use, develop, produce, acquire, stockpile, retain or transfer chemical
               weapons and decided that member States shall inform immediately the Security
               Council of any violations of resolution 1540 including acquisitions by non -State
               actors of chemical weapons, their means of delivery and related materials in order to
               take necessary measures therefore,
                     1.    Decides to renew the mandate of the Joint investigative Mechanism, as
               set out in resolution 2235, for a further period of one year from the date of adoption

16-20444 (E)    181116
*1620444*

S/RES/2319 (2016)

               of this resolution, with a possibility of further extension and update by the Security
               Council if it deems necessary;
                     2.    Recalls its decision that the Syrian Arab Republic shall not use, develop,
               produce, otherwise acquire, stockpile or retain chemical weapons, or, transfer, directly
               or indirectly, chemical weapons to other States or non -State actors;
                    3.    Reaffirms paragraphs 1, 3-4, 6, 8, 9, 12, and 15 of resolution 2235;
                     4.    Encourages the Joint Investigative Mechanism, where relevant, to consult
               appropriate United Nations counter-terrorism and non-proliferation bodies, in
               particular the Committee established pursuant to resolution 1540 and 1267/1989/2253
               ISIL (Da’esh) and Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee, in order to exchange information
               on non-State actor perpetration, organization, sponsorship, or other involvement in
               use of chemicals as weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic where the OPCW Fact -
               Finding Mission (FFM) determines or has determined that a specific incident in the
               Syrian Arab Republic involved or likely involved the use of chemicals as weapons;
                     5.    Invites the Joint Investigative Mechanism to engage relevant regional
               States in pursuit of its mandate, including in order to identif y to the greatest extent
               feasible any individuals, entities or groups associated with ISIL (Da’esh) or ANF
               who were perpetrators, organizers, sponsors or otherwise involved in the use of
               chemicals as weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic where the OPCW FFM
               determines or has determined that a specific incident in the Syrian Arab Republic
               involved or likely involved the use of chemicals as weapons, encourages relevant
               regional states to provide, as appropriate, to the Joint Investigative Mechanism
               information on non-State actors’ access to chemical weapons and their components
               or efforts by non-State actors to develop, acquire, manufacture, possess, transport,
               transfer or use chemical weapons and their means of delivery that occur under their
               jurisdiction, including relevant information from national investigations, and
               underscores the importance of States Parties’ obligations under Article VII of the
               Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use
               of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction (CWC), and the full implementation
               of paragraph 8 of resolution 2235, including with respect to information pertaining
               to non-State actors;
                     6.    Recalls Article X.8 and X.9 of the CWC allowing any State Party to
               request and receive assistance and protection against the use or threat of use of
               chemical weapons if it considers that chemical weapons have been used against it,
               recalls further that such requests, substantiated by relevant information, are
               transmitted by the Director General of the OPCW to the Executive Council and all
               States Parties to the CWC, and invites the Joint Investigative Mechanism to offer its
               services to the OPCW in such circumstances if relevant to effectively fulfilling the
               Joint Investigative Mechanism’s mandate;
                     7.    Reaffirms paragraph 7 of resolution 2235, including with respect to the
               ability of the Joint Investigative Mechanism to examine additional information and
               evidence that was not obtained or prepared by the FFM but that is related to the
               mandate of the Joint Investigative Mechanism, and stresses the need for its full
               implementation, in particular the provision of information requested by the Joint
               Investigative Mechanism and the making available of witnesses;

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                                                                                S/RES/2319 (2016)

                8.   Requests the United Nations Secretary-General, in coordination with the
           OPCW Director-General, present a report to the United Nations Security Council
           and inform the OPCW Executive Council every 60 days on the progress made;
                9.     Requests the Joint Investigative Mechanism to complete a report within
           90 days of adoption of this resolution, and complete subsequent reports as appropriate
           thereafter, and requests the Joint Investigative Mechanism to present the report, or
           reports, to the United Nations Security Council and inform the OPCW Executive
           Council, and invites the Joint Investigative Mechanism to brief, as appropriate, the
           1540 Committee, the 1267/1989/2253 Committee or other relevant counter -terrorism
           or non-proliferation bodies on relevant results of their work;
                10.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

16-20444                                                                                3/3

Security Council resolution 2319 (2016) [on renewal of the mandate of the OPCW-UN Joint Investigative Mechanism to identify the use of chemical weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic for one additional year]

OPCW/UN Joint Investigative Mechanism|CHEMICAL WEAPONS USE|FACT-FINDING MISSIONS|SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

S/71 [222] SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC SITUATION
S/ X The situation in the Middle East.


               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/2320 (2016)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                18 November 2016

               Resolution 2320 (2016)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7816th meeting, on
               18 November 2016

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its primary responsibility under the Charter of the United Nations
               for the maintenance of international peace and security,
                    Recalling also Chapter VIII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                    Recognizing that cooperation with regional and subregional organizations in
               matters relating to the maintenance of peace and security, and consistent with
               Chapter VIII of the Charter of the United Nations, can improve collective security,
                    Recalling all its previous relevant resolutions, and statements by its Presi dent
               underscoring the importance of developing effective partnerships between the
               United Nations and regional organizations, in particular the African Union (AU), in
               accordance with the Charter of the United Nations,
                     Stressing the importance of collaboration between organizations in addressing
               the complex security challenges facing the international community,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to uphold the purposes and principles of the
               Charter of the United Nations, including its commitment and respect to th e
               principles of political independence, sovereign equality and territorial integrity of
               all States in conducting all peacekeeping activities and the need for States to comply
               with their obligations under international law,
                    Resolving to strengthen the central role of the United Nations in peacekeeping
               and to ensure the effective functioning of the collective security system established
               by the Charter of the United Nations,
                    Stressing the utility of developing effective partnerships b etween the UN and
               regional and subregional organizations, in order to enable timely responses to
               disputes and emerging crises and to strengthen the role of the UN in the prevention
               of conflict, and further stressing that the coordination of efforts at the regional level
               may contribute to the development of a comprehensive strategy to ensure that
               peacekeeping is effective in addressing threats to international peace and security,

16-20495 (E)
*1620495*

S/RES/2320 (2016)

                    Commending the progress made in the UN-AU partnership and stressing it
               should further develop into a systematic and strategic partnership adapted to the
               complex security challenges facing the Continent,
                     Welcoming the UN partnership with the AU in the field of peacekeeping,
               including by supporting the AU’s efforts to develop polic y, guidance and training in
               particular in the areas of security sector reform, post-conflict reconstruction,
               women, peace and security and the protection of civilians including child protection
               and the prevention of and response to sexual and gender-based violence in armed
               conflicts and post-conflict situations, thereby welcoming the Framework of
               Cooperation between the Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict and
               the AU signed on 31 January 2014 and calling for its implementation,
                   Commending the work of the United Nations Office to the African Union
               (UNOAU) to strengthen the partnership between the UN and the AU,
                     Acknowledging the important role of the AU in efforts to prevent, mediate and
               settle conflicts on the African continent, and expressing its support for the continued
               efforts of the AU to confront threats to international peace and security in Africa
               consistent with Chapter VIII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                      Recalling the commitment made by the Assembly of the AU in January 2 015,
               at its 24th ordinary session to fund 25% of the cost of its peace and security efforts,
               including peace support operations to be phased in over a five year period, as
               reaffirmed at the 25th Ordinary session in Johannesburg in July 2015,
                     Reaffirming the importance of mobilizing resources from within the Continent
               in support of the AU peace and security agenda. Encouraging AU Member States to
               foster the process aiming at finding practical and consensual ways on how to
               effectively implement the decision made by the Assembly of the AU relating to the
               Peace Fund, as endorsed by the 27th Ordinary Session of the Assembly held in
               Kigali, Rwanda, in July 2016,
                     Recalling the Report of the High-level Independent Panel on UN Peace
               Operations (HIPPO), the subsequent Secretary-General report entitled “The Future
               of United Nations Peace Operations: Implementation of the Recommendations of
               the HIPPO”, with particular reference to strategic partnership with the African
               Union and in this regard stresses that this partnership should be underpinned by
               mutual consultations between the Security Council and the AU PSC in their
               respective decision making processes and common strategies for a holistic response
               to conflict, as appropriate, based on respective comparative advanta ge, burden
               sharing, consultative decision making, joint analysis and planning missions and
               assessment visits by the UN and AU, monitoring and evaluation, transparency and
               accountability, to address common security challenges in Africa in accordance with
               the Charter of the United Nations, including Chapter VIII and the Purposes and
               principles as well to determine the needs of regional peace support operations,
                    Welcoming the letter of the Chairperson of the AU Executive Council, the
               Foreign Minister of Chad, to the President of the UN Security Council and his
               request to start discussions, as requested in AU/Dec.605 (XXVII), on “the provision
               of UN assessed contributions for AU-led peace operations authorized by the
               Security Council”,

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                                                                                S/RES/2320 (2016)

                 Taking note of the AU High Representative for the Peace Fund’s Report and
           proposals on the Decision-making Process for Seeking UN Assessed Contributions
           for AU Peace Support Operations as a contribution towards further discussions on
           sustainable financing for AU-led peace support operations on a case by case basis,
                 1.   Reaffirms its determination to take effective steps to further enhance the
           relationship between the UN and regional organizations, in particular the AU, in
           accordance with Chapter VIII of the United Nations Charter;
                2.    Acknowledges the need for more support to enhance AU peace operations
           and encourages further dialogue between the UN and AU to achieve this; and takes
           note with interest the report of the joint AU-UN review of available mechanisms to
           finance and support African Union peace operations authorized by the UN Security
           Council of September 2016;
                 3.    Stresses the need to enhance the predictability, sustainability and
           flexibility of financing for African Union-led peace support operations authorized
           by the Security Council and under the Security Council’s authority consistent with
           Chapter VIII of the Charter;
                 4.   Reiterates that regional organizations have the responsibility to secure
           human, financial, logistical and other resources for their organizations, i ncluding
           through contributions by their members and support from partners and welcomes the
           valuable financial support provided from partners in this regard and commends the
           African Union’s ongoing efforts and commitment to enhance self -reliance and
           financing of its activities, in a manner consistent with its member states’
           international obligations, as applicable;
                 5.   Welcomes the AU Assembly decision [Assembly/AU/Dec.605 (XXVII)],
           adopted at its 27th ordinary session, held in Kigali in July 2016, which als o
           reaffirmed its earlier decision, taken at the 25th ordinary session of the AU
           assembly to fund 25% of AU peace support operations, to be phased incrementally
           over five years;
                 6.    Encourages the AU to finalize its human rights and Conduct and
           Discipline Compliance frameworks for AU peace support operations, to achieve
           greater accountability, transparency, and compliance with international human rights
           law and international humanitarian law, as applicable, and with UN conduct and
           discipline standards, and underscores the importance of these commitments as well
           as the requirement for oversight by the Security Council for operations authorized
           by the Security Council and under the Security Council’s authority consistent with
           Chapter VIII of the Charter;
                7.    Expresses its readiness to consider the proposals of the AU, for future
           authorization and support by the Security Council for AU peace support operations
           authorized by the Security Council and under the Security Council’s authority under
           Chapter VIII of the Charter, including on financing and accountability, and in this
           regard, invites the AU to update the Security Council within six months of the
           adoption of this resolution, regarding the details of the proposed scope of peace
           operations to be considered; the progress, benchmarks, and timelines for
           implementation of the AU Peace Fund, consistent with applicable international
           obligations, as well as accountability, transparency, and compliance frameworks for
           AU peace support operations;

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S/RES/2320 (2016)

                     8.   Requests the Secretary-General to continue working closely with the AU
               to refine options for further cooperation on the relevant AU proposals, including
               joint planning and the process for mandating AU peace support operations, subject
               to authorization by the Security Council and to provide the Security Council with a
               detailed report within six months of the adoption of this resolution;
                     9.   Recognizes the AU’s commitment to fund 25 percent of AU peace
               support operation costs by 2020, underscores the need for early and regular
               engagement between the UN and AU on emerging and ongoing threats in Africa,
               emphasizes that consultative analysis and joint planning with the UN is critical to
               developing joint recommendations on the scope and resource implications of
               potential peace support operations, assessing action and undertaking missions where
               appropriate, and regularly reporting on such actions when taken, and underscores
               the importance of full compliance with AU and UN human rights and conduct and
               discipline policies and arrangements, and encourages further dialogue to establish
               these processes;
                    10. Recognizes the important role of the good offices of the Secretary-General in Africa, and encourages the Secretary-General to continue to use
               mediation as often as possible to help resolve conflicts peacefully, working in
               coordination and closely with the AU and other subregional organizations in that
               regard, as appropriate;
                     11. Welcomes the report of the Secretary-General on strengthening the
               partnership between the United Nations and the African Union in peace and security
               (S/2016/780), and notes the decision to conduct an assessment of United Nations-African Union cooperation, as well as the structure and capacity of UNOAU to meet
               the growing demands for the partnership, and requests the Secretary-General to report
               to the Security Council after completion of such assessment;
                    12.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2320 (2016) [on enhancing the relationship between the United Nations and regional and subregional organizations, in particular the African Union]

UN|African Union|UN. Security Council|COOPERATION BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONS|REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|REGIONAL SECURITY|AFRICA

S/71 [9] REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS--UN
S/71 [100] AFRICA--REGIONAL SECURITY
S/71 [18] PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS
S/ X Cooperation between the United Nations and regional and subregional organizations in maintaining international peace and security.