               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2449 (2018)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                13 December 2018

               Resolution 2449 (2018)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8423rd meeting, on
               13 December 2018

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolutions 2042 (2012), 2043 (2012), 2118 (2013), 2139 (2014),
               2165 (2014), 2175 (2014), 2191 (2014), 2209 (2015), 2235 (2015), 2254 (2015), 2258
               (2015), 2268 (2016), 2286 (2016), 2332 (2016), 2336 (2016), 2393 (2017) and 2401
               (2018) and its Presidential Statements of 3 August 2011 (S/PRST/2011/16), 21 March
               2012 (S/PRST/2012/6), 5 April 2012 (S/PRST/2012/10), 2 October 2013
               (S/PRST/2013/15), 24 April 2015 (S/PRST/2015/10) and 17 August 2015
               (S/PRST/2015/15),
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of Syria and to the purposes and principles of the Charter of the
               United Nations,
                     Expressing outrage at the unacceptable level of violence and the killing of
               hundreds of thousands of people, including tens of thousands of child casualties, as a
               result of the Syrian conflict,
                     Reiterating its grave distress at the continued devastating humanitarian situation
               in Syria and at the fact that urgent humanitarian assistance, including medical
               assistance, is required by more than 13 million people in Syria, of whom 6.2 million
               are internally displaced, including Palestine refugees, and more than 1 million people
               are still living in hard-to-reach areas,
                     Gravely concerned at the insufficient implementation of its resolutions 2139
               (2014), 2165 (2014), 2191 (2014), 2258 (2015), 2332 (2016), 2393 (2017) and 2401
               (2018) and recalling in this regard the legal obligations of all parties under
               international humanitarian law and international human rights law, as well as all the
               relevant decisions of the Security Council, including by ceasing all attacks against
               civilians and civilian objects, including those involving attacks on schools and
               medical facilities, the indiscriminate use of weapons, including artillery, barrel bombs
               and air strikes, indiscriminate shelling by mortars, car bombs, suicide attacks and
               tunnel bombs, as well as the widespread use of torture, ill -treatment, arbitrary
               executions, extrajudicial killings, enforced disappearances, sexual and gender -based
               violence, as well as all grave violations and abuses committed against children,
                     Noting the progress made in taking back areas of Syria from the Islamic State
               in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, also known as Daesh) and Al -Nusrah Front (ANF) but

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               expressing its grave concern that areas remain under their control and about the
               negative impact of their presence, violent extremist ideology and actions on stability
               in Syria and the region, including the devastating humanitarian impact on the civilian
               populations which has led to the displacement of hundreds of thousands of people and
               the unlawful destruction of cultural heritage, reaffirming its resolve to address all
               aspects of the threat posed by ISIL (also known as Daesh), ANF and all other
               individuals, groups, undertakings and entities associated with Al -Qaida and other
               terrorist groups, as determined by the United Nations Security Council and as may
               further be agreed by the International Syria Support Group (ISSG) and endorsed by
               the UN Security Council and calling for the full implementation of Security Council
               resolutions 2170 (2014), 2178 (2014), 2199 (2015), 2249 (2015), 2253 (2015), 2347
               (2017), 2354 (2017), 2368 (2017) and 2370 (2017),
                     Expressing grave concern also at the movement of foreign terrorist fighters and
               other terrorists and terrorist groups into and out of Syria and reiterating its call on all
               States to take steps, consistent with international law, to prevent and suppress the flow
               of foreign terrorist fighters to ISIL, ANF and all other individuals, groups,
               undertakings and entities associated with ISIL or Al-Qaida and other terrorist groups,
               as determined by the United Nations Security Council, and as may further be agreed
               by the International Syria Support Group (ISSG) and endorsed by the UN Security
               Council,
                     Reaffirming that Member States must ensure that any measures taken to combat
               terrorism comply with all their obligations under international law, in particular
               international human rights law, international refugee law and international
               humanitarian law,
                     Reaffirming the primary responsibility of the Syrian authorities to protect the
               population in Syria and reiterating that parties to armed conflict must take all feasible
               steps to protect civilians and recalling in this regard its demand that all parties to
               armed conflict comply fully with the obligations applicable to them under
               international law related to the protection of civilians in armed conflict, including
               journalists, media professionals and associated personnel,
                     Reiterating its strong condemnation of all forms of violence and intimidation to
               which those participating in humanitarian operations are continue to be expo sed, as
               well as attacks on humanitarian convoys and acts of destruction and looting of their
               assets and its urging of all parties involved in an armed conflict to promote the safety,
               security and freedom of movement of humanitarian personnel, including med ical
               personnel and humanitarian personnel exclusively engaged in medical duties and
               United Nations and its associated personnel and their assets, expressing its ongoing
               admiration at the dedication and commitment of the Syrian Red Crescent volunteers
               and other humanitarian workers operating in deeply challenging conditions and
               urging all parties to take all appropriate steps to ensure the safety and security of
               United Nations and associated personnel, those of its specialised agencies and all
               other personnel engaged in humanitarian relief activities,
                     Noting that the United Nations and their implementing partners reached on
               average 5.4 million people with humanitarian aid each month in 2018 and that life -
               saving assistance delivered across borders represented a vital part of this, including
               the delivery of food assistance for on average 1 million people every month in 2018;
               and since the start of operations in 2014, non-food items for 6 million people; health
               assistance through 25 million treatments and water and sanitation supplies for over 5
               million people,
                     Reiterating its grave concern at all instances of hindrances to the effective
               delivery of humanitarian assistance, noting that ISIL (also known as Daesh), ANF and
               all other individuals, groups, undertakings and entities associated with Al-Qaida, are

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           hindering the effective delivery of humanitarian assistance and are responsible for
           preventing aid delivery through deliberate interference and obstruction,
                Reiterating further its grave concern at the continuing impediments to the
           delivery of sustained, needs-based humanitarian assistance across the country through
           the most direct routes, including to hard-to-reach areas and across conflict lines,
                 Expressing grave concern that access to medical care continues to be severely
           restricted and reiterating the need to respect the principle of medical neutrality,
           facilitate free passage to all areas for medical personnel, equipment, transport and
           supplies, including surgical items,
                 Reaffirming the need to support the United Nations and their implementing
           partners in their efforts to expand the delivery of humanitarian assistance to reach all
           people in need in Syria and further reaffirming its decision in resolution 2165 (2014)
           that all Syrian parties to the conflict shall enable the immediate and unhindered
           delivery of humanitarian assistance directly to people throughout Syria, by the United
           Nations and their implementing partners, on the basis of United Nations ass essments
           of need and devoid of any political prejudices and aims, including by immediately
           removing all impediments to the provision of humanitarian assistance,
                 Taking note of the report of the Secretary-General of 19 June 2018 (S/2018/617)
           on the Review of the United Nations Cross-Border Operations and further taking note
           of ongoing efforts to implement the recommendations contained therein, and stressing
           the need to ensure that the delivery of humanitarian aid and services, including at the
           stage of distribution, is impartial, non-discriminatory and needs-based and that those
           most in need are beneficiaries of such aid and services, without misappropriation,
                Expressing its appreciation for the work of the United Nations monitoring
           mechanism in monitoring shipments and confirming their humanitarian nature, in
           accordance with resolutions 2165 (2014), 2191 (2014), 2258 (2015), 2332 (2016) and
           2393 (2017) and commending the mechanism’s efforts in facilitating cross-border
           delivery of humanitarian aid by the United Nations and their implementing partners,
           emphasising the importance to further robust monitoring of the humanitarian nature
           of UN relief consignments and their delivery inside Syria and encouraging the United
           Nations and their implementing partners to continue to take steps to scale up
           humanitarian deliveries throughout the country, notably into hard -to-reach areas,
                 Reiterating the need for all parties to respect and uphold the relevant provisions
           of international humanitarian law and the United Nations guiding principles of
           humanitarian emergency assistance, emphasising the importance of upholding the
           principles of humanity, neutrality, impartiality and independence, in the provision of
           humanitarian assistance and recalling also the importance of humanitarian deliveries
           reaching their intended beneficiaries,
                 Noting the role that ceasefire agreements which are consistent with
           humanitarian principles and international humanitarian law can play in facilit ating
           the delivery of humanitarian assistance in order to help save civilian lives, reiterating
           its call upon all parties to respect and fulfil their commitments to existing ceasefire
           agreements, as well as the full implementation of resolution 2268 (2016) and 2401
           (2018), as a step towards a comprehensive nation-wide ceasefire and emphasising that
           humanitarian access must be part of these efforts in acco rdance with international
           humanitarian law,
                Expressing grave concern at the more than 5.6 million refugees, including more
           than 4.2 million women and children, who have fled Syria as a result of ongoing
           violence,

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                     Reiterating its deep appreciation for the significant and admirable efforts that
               have been made by the countries of the region, notably Lebanon, Jordan, Turkey, Iraq
               and Egypt, to accommodate Syrian refugees and mindful of the immense costs and
               social challenges incurred by these countries as a consequence of the crisis,
                     Recalling the need to create conditions throughout the country and facilitate the
               safe, voluntary and dignified return of refugees and internally displaced persons to
               their home areas in Syria, in accordance with international la w, including applicable
               provisions of the Convention and Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, taking
               into account the interests of those countries hosting refugees,
                     Calling upon the international community to increase their assistance to Syria
               by providing additional humanitarian aid, noting with concern that the international
               response to the Syrian and regional crisis continues to fall short of meeting the needs
               as assessed by host governments and the United Nations, therefore urging once again
               all Member States, based on burden-sharing principles, to support the United Nations
               and the countries of the region, including by adopting medium and long -term
               responses to alleviate the impact on communities, providing increased, flexible and
               predictable funding as well as increasing resettlement efforts and noting the second
               conference on supporting the future of Syria and the region held in Brussels in April
               2018, co-chaired by the European Union and the United Nations,
                    Calling for humanitarian mine action to be accelerated as a matter of urgency
               throughout Syria,
                     Strongly condemning the arbitrary detention and torture of individuals in Syria,
               notably in prisons and detention facilities, as well as the kidnappings, abductions,
               hostage-taking and forced disappearances and demanding the immediate end of these
               practices and the release of all arbitrarily detained persons starting with women and
               children, as well as sick, wounded, persons with disabilities and elderly persons and
               United Nations and humanitarian personnel and journalists,
                     Noting with grave concern that impunity in Syria contributes to widespread
               violations and abuses of human rights and violations of international humanitarian
               law, stressing the need to end impunity for these violations and ab uses and
               re-emphasising in this regard that those who have committed or are otherwise
               responsible for such violations and abuses in Syria must be brought to justice,
                     Emphasising that the humanitarian situation will continue to deteriorate further
               in the absence of a political solution to the Syrian conflict in line with resolution 2254
               (2015) and calling upon all parties to make progress in this regard and to undertake
               confidence-building measures and recognising the efforts by the Office of the
               UN Special Envoy and the international community, including within the Astana
               framework, to advance the early release of any arbitrarily detained persons,
               particularly women and children, and handover of the bodies as well as the
               identification of missing persons,
                    Determining that the devastating humanitarian situation in Syria continues to
               constitute a threat to peace and security in the region,
                     Underscoring that Member States are obligated under Article 25 of the Charter
               of the United Nations to accept and carry out the Council ’s decisions,
                   1.    Calls upon all parties to ensure principled, sustained and improved
               humanitarian assistance to Syria in 2019;
                     2.   Reiterates its demand that all parties, in particular the Syrian authorities,
               immediately comply with their obligations under international law, including
               international humanitarian law and international human rights law as applicable and
               further demands the full and immediate implementation of all provisions of all

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           relevant Security Council resolutions, including resolutions 2139 (2014), 2165
           (2014), 2191 (2014), 2258 (2015), 2332 (2016), 2393 (2017) and 2401 (2018) and
           recalls that some of the violations and abuses committed in Syria may amount to war
           crimes and crimes against humanity;
                 3.   Decides to renew the decisions in paragraphs 2 and 3 of Security Council
           resolution 2165 (2014) for a further period of twelve months, that is, until 10 January
           2020;
                4.    Further demands that all parties allow safe, unimpeded and sustained
           access for United Nations’ and their implementing partners’ humanitarian convoys,
           including medical and surgical supplies, to all requested areas and populations
           according to United Nations’ assessment of need in all parts of Syria;
                 5.   Reiterates that the situation will continue to deteriorate further in the
           absence of a political solution to the Syrian conflict and recalls its demand for the
           full and immediate implementation of resolution 2254 (2015) to facilitate a Syrianled and Syrian-owned political transition, in accordance with the Geneva
           Communiqué as set forth in the ISSG Statements, in order to end the conflict in Syria
           and stresses again that the Syrian people will decide the future of Syria;
                 6.   Requests the Secretary-General to brief the Council monthly and to
           provide a report on a regular basis, at least every 60 days, on the implementation of
           resolutions 2139 (2014), 2165 (2014), 2191 (2014), 2258 (2015), 2332 (2016), 2393
           (2017), 2401 (2018) and this resolution and on compliance by all relevant parties in
           Syria and further requests the Secretary-General to continue to include in his reports
           overall trends in UN cross-line and cross-border humanitarian access and detailed
           information on the humanitarian assistance delivered through UN humanitarian cross -
           border operations as authorised by resolution 2165 (2014), including on the number
           of beneficiaries, locations of aid deliveries at district-level and the volume and nature
           of items delivered;
                7.   Reaffirms that it will take further measures under the Charter of the United
           Nations in the event of non-compliance with this resolution or resolutions 2139
           (2014), 2165 (2014) and 2191 (2014), 2258 (2015), 2332 (2016), 2393 (2017) and
           2401 (2018);
                8.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2449 (2018) [on humanitarian situation in the Syrian Arab Republic and renewal of authorization of relief delivery and monitoring mechanism until 10 Jan. 2020]

Egypt|Iraq|Jordan|Lebanon|Palestine, State of|Syrian Arab Republic|Turkey

UN. Monitoring Mechanism Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 2165 (2014)|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|RELIEF CORRIDORS|SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

S/73 [222] SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC SITUATION
S/ X The situation in the Middle East.


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2450 (2018)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                21 December 2018

               Resolution 2450 (2018)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8436th meeting, on
               21 December 2018

                    The Security Council,
                     Noting with concern that the situation in the Middle East is tense and is likely
               to remain so, unless and until a comprehensive settlement covering all aspects of the
               Middle East problem can be reached,
                     Having considered the report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations
               Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) of 6 December 2018 ( S/2018/1088) and
               also reaffirming its resolution 1308 (2000) of 17 July 2000,
                    Stressing that both parties must abide by the terms of the 1974 Disengagement
               of Forces Agreement between Israel and the Syrian Arab Republic and scrupulously
               observe the ceasefire,
                     Concurring with the Secretary-General’s findings that the ongoing military
               activities conducted by any actor in the area of separation continue to have the
               potential to escalate tensions between Israel and the Syrian Arab Republic, jeopardize
               the ceasefire between the two countries, and pose a risk to the local civilian population
               and United Nations personnel on the ground,
                    Expressing alarm that violence in the Syrian Arab Republic risks a serious
               conflagration of the conflict in the region,
                   Expressing grave concern at all violations of the Disengagement of Forces
               Agreement,
                    Noting the Secretary-General’s latest report on the situation in the area of
               operations of UNDOF, including findings about weapons fire across the ceasefire line
               as well as ongoing military activity on the Bravo side of the area of separation, and
               in this regard underscoring that there should be no military forces, military
               equipment, or personnel in the area of separation other than those of UNDOF,
                     Underlining the need for all parties to the Syrian domestic conflict to cease
               military actions in the UNDOF area of operations and to respect international
               humanitarian law,
                     Echoing the Secretary-General’s call upon all parties to the Syrian domestic
               conflict to cease military actions throughout the country, including in the UNDOF
               area of operations,

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                    Noting the significant threat to the UN personnel in the UNDOF area of
               operation from unexploded ordnance, explosive remnants of war and mines, and
               emphasizing in this regard the need for demining and clearance operations in strict
               compliance with the 1974 Disengagement of Forces Agreement,
                     Reaffirming its readiness to consider listing individuals, groups, undertakings,
               and entities providing support to the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, also
               known as Da’esh) or to the Al-Nusra Front (also known as Jabhat Fateh al-Sham or
               Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham), including those who are financing, arming, planning, or
               recruiting for ISIL or the Al-Nusra Front and all other individuals, groups,
               undertakings, and entities associated with ISIL and Al-Qaida as listed on the ISIL
               (Da’esh) and Al-Qaida Sanctions List, including those participating in or otherwise
               supporting attacks against UNDOF peacekeepers,
                     Recognizing the necessity of efforts to flexibly adjust UNDOF’s posture to
               minimize the security risk to UNDOF personnel as UNDOF continues to implement
               its mandate, while emphasizing that the ultimate goal is for the peacekeepers to return
               to their positions in UNDOF’s area of operations as soon as practicable,
                    Emphasizing the importance of Security Council and troop-contributing
               countries having access to reports and information related to UNDOF ’s redeployment
               configuration, and reinforcing that such information assists the Security Council with
               evaluating, mandating, and reviewing UNDOF and with effective consultation with
               troop-contributing countries,
                     Underscoring the need for UNDOF to have at its disposal all necessary means
               and resources to carry out its mandate safely and securely, including technology and
               equipment to enhance its observation of the area of separation and the ceasefire line,
               and to improve force protection, as appropriate, and recalling that the theft of United
               Nations weapons and ammunition, vehicles and other assets, and the looting and
               destruction of United Nations facilities, are unacceptable,
                     Expressing its profound appreciation to UNDOF’s military and civilian
               personnel, including those from Observer Group Golan, for their service in an
               ongoing, challenging operating environment, underscoring the important
               contribution UNDOF’s continued presence makes to peace and security in the Middle
               East, welcoming steps taken to enhance the safety and security of UNDOF, including
               Observer Group Golan, personnel, and stressing the need for continued vigilance to
               ensure the safety and security of UNDOF and Observer Group Golan personnel,
                    Strongly condemning incidents threatening the safety and security of United
               Nations personnel,
                    Expressing its appreciation to UNDOF, including Observer Group Golan, for
               the ongoing efforts to consolidate its presence at Camp Faouar and further progress
               towards expanding its presence in its area of operations through patrols and
               rehabilitation of positions on the Bravo side,
                     Taking note of the Secretary-General’s plan for UNDOF to return to vacated
               positions on the Bravo side based on a continuous assessment of security in the area
               of separation and its surroundings, and continued discussion and coordination with
               the parties,
                    Recalls that UNDOF’s deployment and the 1974 Disengagement of Forces
               Agreement are steps toward a just and durable peace on the basis of Security Council
               Resolution 338 (1973),
                     Recalling its request of the Secretary-General to ensure that data related to the
               effectiveness of peacekeeping operations, including peacekeeping performance data,

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           is used to improve analytics and the evaluation of mission operations, based on clear
           and well identified benchmarks,
               Recalling resolution 2242 (2015) and its aspiration to increase the number of
           women in military and police contingents of United Nations peacekeeping operations,
                1.   Calls upon the parties concerned to implement immediately its resolution
           338 (1973) of 22 October 1973;
                 2.   Stresses the obligation on both parties to scrupulously and fully respect
           the terms of the 1974 Disengagement of Forces Agreement, calls on the parties to
           exercise maximum restraint and prevent any breaches of the ceasefire and t he area of
           separation, encourages the parties to take advantage of UNDOF’s liaison function
           regularly to address issues of mutual concern, as appropriate, and underscores that
           there should be no military activity of any kind in the area of separation, incl uding
           military operations by the Syrian Arab Armed Forces;
                 3.   Underlines that there should be no military activity of the armed
           opposition groups in the area of separation, and urges Member States to convey
           strongly to the Syrian armed opposition groups in UNDOF ’s area of operations that
           UNDOF remains an impartial entity and to halt all activities that endanger United
           Nations peacekeepers on the ground and to accord the United Nations personnel on
           the ground the freedom to carry out their mandate safely and securely;
                4.    Calls on all groups other than UNDOF to abandon all UNDOF positions,
           and return the peacekeepers’ vehicles, weapons, and other equipment;
                5.     Calls on all parties to cooperate fully with the operations of UNDOF, to
           respect its privileges and immunities and to ensure its freedom of movement, as well
           as the security of and unhindered and immediate access for the United Nations
           personnel carrying out their mandate, including the unimpeded delivery of UNDOF
           equipment and the temporary use of alternative ports of entry and departure, as
           required, to ensure safe and secure troop rotation and resupply activities, in
           conformity with existing agreements, and urges prompt reporting by the Secretary -
           General to the Security Council and troop-contributing countries of any actions that
           impede UNDOF’s ability to fulfil its mandate;
                 6.    Welcomes the reopening of the Quneitra crossing point and encourages the
           parties to provide all the necessary support to allow full utilization of the crossing by
           UNDOF in line with established procedures to allow UNDOF to increase it s
           operations on the Bravo side to facilitate effective and efficient mandate
           implementation;
                 7.    Welcomes UNDOF’s ongoing efforts to consolidate its presence at Camp
           Faouar and its efforts to intensify its operations in the area of separation, as well as
           the cooperation of the parties to facilitate this return, together with continued efforts
           to plan for UNDOF’s expeditious return to vacated positions in the area of separation,
           including the provision of adequate force protection, based on a continuous
           assessment of security in the area and encourages the mission to resume its
           responsibilities in the areas of limitation on the Bravo side as soon as practicable;
                 8.   Underscores the importance of progress in the deployment of appropriate
           technology, including counter-improvised explosive device (IED) capabilities and a
           sense and warn system, as well as in addressing civilian staffing needs, to ensure the
           safety and security of UNDOF personnel and equipment, following appropriate
           consultations with the parties, and notes in this regard that the Secretary-General’s
           proposal for such technologies has been delivered to the parties for approval;

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                     9.   Encourages the parties to the Disengagement Agreement to engage
               constructively to facilitate necessary arrangements with UNDOF for the force’s return
               to vacated positions, taking into account existing agreements;
                    10. Notes the recent conduct of an independent review and encourages the
               Department of Peacekeeping Operations, UNDOF, and the UN Truce Supervision
               Organization to continue relevant discussions on the panel’s recommendations to
               improve mission performance and implementation of UNDOF’s mandate;
                    11. Reaffirms its support for the development of an integrated performance
               policy framework that identifies clear standards of performance for evaluating all
               United Nations civilian and uniformed personnel working in and supporting
               peacekeeping operations, and calls on the United Nations to apply this framework to
               UNDOF, and requests the Secretary-General seek to increase the number of women
               in UNDOF, as well as to ensure the meaningful participation of women in all aspects
               of operations;
                     12. Welcomes the efforts being undertaken by UNDOF to implement the
               Secretary-General’s zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to
               ensure full compliance of its personnel with the United Nations code of conduct,
               requests the Secretary-General to continue to take all necessary action in this regard
               and to keep the Security Council informed, and urges troop-contributing countries to
               take preventive and disciplinary action to ensure that such acts are properly
               investigated and punished in cases involving their personnel;
                     13. Decides to renew the mandate of UNDOF for a period of six months, that
               is, until 30 June 2019, and requests the Secretary-General to ensure that UNDOF has
               the required capacity and resources to fulfil the mandate in a safe and secure way;
                     14. Requests the Secretary-General to report every 90 days on developments
               in the situation and the measures taken to implement resolution 338 (1973).

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Security Council resolution 2450 (2018) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) until 30 June 2019]

UN Disengagement Observer Force|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|TRUCE SUPERVISION|GOLAN HEIGHTS|ISRAEL|SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC|MIDDLE EAST SITUATION

S/73 [55] UN DISENGAGEMENT OBSERVER FORCE
S/73 [54] MIDDLE EAST SITUATION
S/ X The situation in the Middle East.


               United Nations                                                                      S/RES/2451 (2018)
               Security Council                                                    Distr.: General
                                                                                21 December 2018

               Resolution 2451 (2018)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8439th meeting, on
               21 December 2018

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolutions 2014 (2011), 2051 (2012), 2140 (2014), 2175 (2014),
               2201 (2015), 2204 (2015), 2216 (2015), 2266 (2016), 2342 (2017) and 2402 (2018)
               and the Statements of its President of 15 February 2013, 29 August 2014, 22 March
               2015, 25 April 2016, 15 June 2017 and 15 March 2018 concerning Yemen,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the unity, sovereignty, independence and
               territorial integrity of Yemen and its commitment to stand by the people of Yemen,
                     Reaffirming its support for and commitment to the work of the Special Envoy
               of the Secretary-General for Yemen (the Special Envoy),
                      Reaffirming that the conflict in Yemen can be resolved only through an inclusive
               political process, as called for by relevant Security Council resolutions, including its
               resolution 2216 (2015), and statements as well as by the Gulf Co-operation Council
               initiative and implementation mechanism agreement and the outcomes of the
               comprehensive National Dialogue Conference,
                    Determining that the situation in Yemen continues to constitute a threat to
               regional and international peace and security,
                     1.    Welcomes the consultations with the Government of Yemen and the
               Houthis convened by the Special Envoy in Stockholm from 6 to 13 December 2018,
               thanks the Government of Sweden for hosting the meeting, commends steps taken by
               regional and international leaders in support of the United Nations and notes the vital
               importance of making progress towards a political agreement to end the conflict and
               to relieve the humanitarian suffering of the Yemeni people;
                     2.    Endorses the agreements reached by the parties on the city and governorate
               of Hodeidah and the ports of Hodeidah, Salif and Ras Issa; an executive mechanism
               on activating the prisoner exchange agreement; and a statement of understanding on
               Taiz, as set out in the Stockholm Agreement circulated as S/2018/1134;
                     3.   Calls on the parties to implement the Stockholm Agreement according to
               the timelines determined in it, insists on the full respect by all parties of the ceasefire
               agreed for Hodeidah governorate, which came into force on 18 December 2018, and
               the mutual redeployment of forces to be carried out from the city of Hodeidah and the
               ports of Hodeidah, Salif and Ras Issa to agreed locations outside the city and the ports

18-22563 (E)
*1822563*

      within 21 days of the ceasefire coming into force; a commitment not to bring any
      military reinforcements to the city, the ports of Hodeidah, Salif and Ras Issa, and the
      governorate; and a commitment to remove any military manifestations from the city,
      all of which is central to the successful implementation of the Stockholm Agreement,
      and further calls on the parties to continue to engage constructively, in good faith and
      without preconditions with the Special Envoy, including on continued work towards
      stabilising the Yemeni economy and on Sana’a airport, and participating in a next
      round of talks in January 2019;
           4.    Welcomes the Special Envoy’s presentation of a Framework for
      Negotiations in Stockholm following consultation with the parties, and further
      welcomes the Special Envoy’s plan to discuss it during the next round of talks to pave
      the way for the resumption of formal negotiations towards a political solution and
      underlines the importance of the full participation of women and the meaningful
      engagement of youth in the political process;
           5.    Authorises the Secretary-General to establish and deploy, for an initial
      period of 30 days from the adoption of this resolution, an advance team to begin
      monitoring and to support and facilitate the immediate implementation of the
      Stockholm Agreement, including the request for the United Nations to chair the
      Redeployment Coordination Committee and to update the Council within one week;
            6.    Requests the Secretary-General to submit proposals as soon as possible
      before 31 December 2018 on how the United Nations will fully support the Stockholm
      Agreement as requested by the parties, including, but not limited to: substantive
      monitoring operations for the ceasefire and mutual redeployment of forces from the
      city of Hodeidah and the ports of Hodeidah, Salif and Ras Issa ; playing a leading role
      in supporting Yemen Red Sea Ports Corporation in management of and inspections at
      the ports of Hodeidah, Salif and Ras Issa; and strengthening the United Nations ’
      presence in the city of Hodeidah and Ports of Hodeidah, Salif and Ra s Issa, and to
      report to the Security Council on a weekly basis, invites Member States in a position
      to do so to assist the United Nations in carrying out these tasks, and recalls the
      commitment of the parties to facilitate and support the role of the Unit ed Nations in
      Hodeidah;
            7.   Requests the Secretary-General to report on progress regarding
      implementation of this resolution, including any breaches of commitments by the
      parties, on a weekly basis, as called for by the parties, until further notice, and
      expresses its intention to consider further measures, as necessary, to support
      implementation of this resolution and all other relevant Security Council resolutions
      and to alleviate the humanitarian situation and support a political solution to end the
      conflict;
             8.   Reiterates the need for the unhindered flow of commercial and
      humanitarian supplies and humanitarian personnel into and across the country, and in
      this regard, calls on the Government of Yemen and the Houthis to remove bureaucratic
      impediments to flows of commercial and humanitarian supplies, including fuel, and
      on the parties to ensure effective and sustained functioning of all of Yemen ’s ports,
      onward road access throughout the country, and the reopening and safe and secure
      operation of Sana’a airport for commercial flights within an agreed mechanism;
      further calls on the parties to work with the Special Envoy to strengthen the economy
      and the functioning of the Central Bank of Yemen and to deliver payment of
      pensioners and civil servant salaries, and, in this regard, invites international financial

2/3

institutions to provide appropriate assistance to the Special Envoy on request, and
calls on the international community to consider additional funding for the 2019 UN
Humanitarian Response Plan;
      9.    Expresses its deep regret at the loss of life and injuries caused by the
conflict, including those caused by land mines, and the killing, maiming, use and
unlawful recruitment of children in armed conflict, stresses the importance of all
parties to the conflict ensuring the protection of civilians and allowing their safe
movement;
      10. Calls on all parties to the conflict to comply with applicable international
law and to fulfil their obligations under international humanitarian law including to
respect and protect medical facilities and personnel and their means of transportation,
as such, and calls on them to protect civilian objects including schools and objects
indispensable to the civilian population such as those necessary for food distribution,
processing and storage, to withdraw any military personnel from civilian
infrastructure, and to allow and facilitate the safe, rapid and unhindered access for
humanitarian and medical personnel to all those in need, and reiterates that aid should
be disbursed on the basis of need and be gender and age sensitive;
     11.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

                                                                                3/3

Security Council resolution 2451 (2018) [on establishment and deployment of the Advance Team to Monitor, Support and Facilitate the Implementation of the Stockholm Agreement in Yemen]

UN. Special Envoy of the Secretary-General to Yemen|UN. Advance Team to Monitor, Support and Facilitate the Implementation of the Stockholm Agreement in Yemen|UN. Advance Team to Monitor, Support and Facilitate the Implementation of the Stockholm Agreement in Yemen > Establishment|Stockholm Agreement (2018)|PEACE AGREEMENTS|CEASEFIRES|TRUCE SUPERVISION|YEMEN

S/73 [58] YEMEN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/ X The situation in the Middle East.


               United Nations                                                                 S/RES/2452 (2019)
               Security Council                                               Distr.: General
                                                                              16 January 2019

               Resolution 2452 (2019)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8444th meeting, on
               16 January 2019

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolutions 2014 (2011), 2051 (2012), 2140 (2014), 2175 (2014),
               2201 (2015), 2204 (2015), 2216 (2015), 2266 (2016), 2342 (2017), 2402 (2018) and
               2451 (2018) and the Statements of its President of 15 February 2013, 29 August 2014,
               22 March 2015, 25 April 2016, 15 June 2017 and 15 March 2018 concerning Yemen,
                    Having considered the letter of the Secretary-General to the President of the
               Security Council of 31 December 2018 and its annex, circula ted as S/2019/28,
               submitted pursuant to its resolution 2451 (2018),
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the unity, sovereignty, independence and
               territorial integrity of Yemen and its commitment to stand by the people of Yemen,
                     Reaffirming its endorsement of the agreement reached in Sweden by the
               Government of Yemen and the Houthis on the City of Hodeidah and the Ports of
               Hodeidah, Salif and Ras Issa (the Hodeidah Agreement) and reiterating its call on the
               parties to implement it,
                     1.    Decides to establish a Special Political Mission, the United Nations
               Mission to support the Hodeidah Agreement (UNMHA), to support the
               implementation of the Agreement on the City of Hodeidah and Ports of Hodeidah,
               Salif and Ras Issa as set out in the Stockholm Agreement, circulated as S/2018/1134,
               for an initial period of six months from the date of adoption of this resolution;
                     2.   Decides further that, to support the parties in implementing their
               commitments in accordance with the Hodeidah Agreement, UNMHA shall undertake
               the following mandate:
                    (a) to lead, and support the functioning of, the Redeployment Coordination
               Committee (RCC), assisted by a secretariat staffed by United Nations personnel, to
               oversee the governorate-wide ceasefire, redeployment of forces, and mine action
               operations,
                     (b) to monitor the compliance of the parties to the ceasefire in Hodeidah
               governorate and the mutual redeployment of forces from the city of Hodeidah and the
               ports of Hodeidah, Salif and Ras Issa,

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                    (c) to work with the parties so that the security of the city of Hodeidah and
               the ports of Hodeidah, Salif, and Ras Issa is assured by local security forces in
               accordance with Yemeni law, and
                     (d) to facilitate and coordinate United Nations support to assist the parties to
               fully implement the Hodeidah Agreement;
                     3.    Approves the proposals of the Secretary-General on the composition and
               operational aspects of UNMHA set out in the annex to his letter of 31 December 2018
               to the President of the Council, and notes that the Mission will be headed by the Chair
               of the RCC at Assistant-Secretary-General level, reporting to the Secretary-General
               through the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General on Yemen and the Under-Secretary-General for Political and Peacebuilding Affairs;
                     4.    Underlines the importance of close collaboration and co-ordination
               between all United Nations entities operating in Yemen in order to prevent duplication
               of effort and to maximise the leveraging of existing resources, including the Office
               of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Yemen (OSESGY), the
               Resident/Humanitarian Co-ordinator and the UN Country Team in Yemen, UNMHA
               and the UN Verification and Inspection Mechanism (UNVIM);
                    5.    Requests the Secretary-General to deploy UNMHA expeditiously and calls
               on the parties to the Hodeidah Agreement to support the United Nations as set out in
               S/2019/28, including by ensuring the safety and security of UNMHA personnel, and
               the unhindered and expeditious movement into and within Yemen of UNMHA
               personnel and equipment, provisions and essential supplies;
                    6.   Requests Member States, particularly neighbouring States, to support the
               United Nations as required for the implementation of UNMHA ’s mandate;
                    7.    Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Security Council on a
               monthly basis on progress regarding the implementation of this resolution, including
               on any obstructions to the effective operation of UNMHA caused by any party; and
               on resolution 2451 (2018), including on any non-compliance by any party;
                    8. Further requests the Secretary-General to present to the Council a review
               of UNMHA, by five months from the date of adoption of this resolution;
                    9.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

2/2                                                                                19-00722

Security Council resolution 2452 (2019) [on establishment of the UN Mission to Support the Hodeidah Agreement (UNMHA)]

UN Mission to Support the Hodeidah Agreement|UN Mission to Support the Hodeidah Agreement > Establishment|Stockholm Agreement (2018)|SPECIAL MISSIONS|PEACE AGREEMENTS|CEASEFIRES|TRUCE SUPERVISION|YEMEN

S/74 [58] YEMEN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/ X The situation in the Middle East.


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2453 (2019)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                30 January 2019

               Resolution 2453 (2019)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8453rd meeting,
               on 30 January 2019

                    The Security Council,
                    Welcoming the report of the Secretary-General of 15 October 2018 on his Good
               Offices (S/2018/919) and of 11 January (S/2019/37) on the United Nations operation
               in Cyprus,
                    Noting that the Government of Cyprus is agreed that in view of the prevailing
               conditions on the island it is necessary to keep the United Nations Peacekeeping Force
               in Cyprus (UNFICYP) beyond 31 January 2019,
                     Echoing the Secretary-General’s firm belief that the responsibility for finding a
               solution lies first and foremost with the Cypriots themselves, and reaffirming the
               primary role of the United Nations in assisting the parties to bring the Cyprus conflict
               and division of the island to a comprehensive and dur able settlement,
                     Noting the commitments set out in the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot
               leaders’ Joint Statement of 2 April 2017 on the basis of the Joint Declaration adopted
               on 11 February 2014, the reconvening of the Conference on Cyprus under United
               Nations auspices in June 2017, welcoming the participants ’ commitment to support
               the process towards a comprehensive settlement in Cyprus, and the support provided
               by the Secretary-General and Secretary-General’s Special Representative Elizabeth
               Spehar,
                     Recalling the importance attached by the international community to all parties
               engaging fully, flexibly and constructively in negotiations to secure a settlement and
               urging the sides to renew their commitment to an enduring, comprehensive and just
               settlement based on a bicommunal, bizonal federation with political equality, as set
               out in relevant Security Council resolutions, stressing that the status quo is
               unsustainable,
                    Welcoming the efforts of UN Consultant Jane Holl Lute, and urging the sides
               and all involved parties to demonstrate political will and engage constructively with
               UN consultations,
                    Noting the need to advance the consideration of and discussions on military
               confidence-building measures, welcoming recent progress on confidence -building
               measures and urging renewed efforts to implement all remaining measures including
               mobile phone and electricity interconnectivity, and for agreement on and
               implementation of further joint and unilateral steps to build trust between the

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               communities, including new confidence building measures, particularly in the fields
               of education, youth and inter-communal economic cooperation, recognising the
               important benefits of enhanced economic integration between both communities,
                     Underlining the importance of promoting peace across all levels of education in
               order to overcome prejudice, xenophobia and intolerance and contribute to trust
               building between the communities,
                     Welcoming the opening of two new crossing points in November 2018 as an
               important contribution to trust-building, reaffirming the importance of continued
               crossings of the Green Line by Cypriots, and encouraging the opening by mutual
               agreement of other crossing points,
                     Convinced of the many important benefits, including economic benefits for all
               Cypriots, that would flow from a comprehensive and durable Cyprus settlement,
               urging the two sides and their leaders to foster positive public rhetoric, and
               encouraging them clearly to explain the benefits of the settlement, as well as the need
               for increased flexibility and compromise in order to secure it, to both communities
               well in advance of any referenda,
                     Highlighting the importance, both political and financial, of the supporting role
               of the international community, and in particular that of all parties c oncerned in taking
               practical steps towards helping the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot leaders to
               renew their commitment to a settlement under United Nations auspices,
                    Taking note of the assessment of the Secretary-General that the security situation
               on the island and along the Green Line remains stable but expressing concern at the
               sharp increase in the number of military violations of the status quo observed by
               UNFICYP compared to the same reporting period last year and urging all sides to
               avoid any action, including violations of the military status quo, which could lead to
               an increase in tension, undermine the progress achieved so far, or damage the
               goodwill on the island,
                     Recalling the Secretary-General’s firm belief that the situation in the buffer zone
               would be improved if both sides accept and actively assist UNFICYP in the
               implementation of the aide-memoire in use by the United Nations, underscoring the
               critical need for the sides and all involved parties to respect UNFICYP ’s mandated
               authority in the buffer zone,
                    Noting with regret that the sides are withholding access to the remaining
               minefields in the buffer zone, and that demining in Cyprus must continue, noting the
               continued danger posed by mines in Cyprus, noting also proposals and discussions as
               well as positive initiatives on demining, and urging rapid agreement on facilitating
               the recommencement of demining operations and clearance of the remaining
               minefields,
                     Commending the work of the Committee on Missing Persons, highlighting the
               importance of intensifying its activities, and therefore the need to provide all
               information required as expressed in the press release of the Committee on Missing
               Persons on 28 July 2016 regarding review of archival materials, noting that the
               remains of 1,075 missing persons, from a total of 2002, have not yet been positively
               identified, urging the opening up of access to all areas expeditiously to allow the
               Committee to carry out its work, and trusting that this process will promote
               reconciliation between the communities,
                     Agreeing that the active participation and leadership of women is essential to
               the political process and can contribute to making any future settlement sustainable,
               recalling that women play a critically important role in peace processes as recognised
               in its resolution 1325 (2000), and related resolutions; recalling its resolution 2242

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                                                                                S/RES/2453 (2019)

           (2015) and its aspiration to increase the number of women in military and police
           contingents of United Nations peacekeeping missions; and further recalling the
           importance of the active participation of youth, consistent with its resolutions 2250
           (2015) and 2419 (2018),
                  Urging the sides to step up their efforts to promote intercommunal contacts,
           reconciliation and the active engagement of civil society, including bi-communal
           initiatives and development projects where the two communities can work together
           and jointly benefit, and the encouragement of cooperation between economic and
           commercial bodies and to remove all obstacles to such contacts, while also noting
           various initiatives to bring together particular sectors or actors on both sides for
           dialogue, including the Religious Track of the Cyprus Peace Process,
                Stressing the need for the Council to pursue a rigorous, strategic approach to
           peacekeeping deployments,
                 Recalling its resolution 2378 (2017) which requests the Secretary-General to
           ensure that data related to the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations, including
           performance data, is used to improve analytics and evaluation of mission operations,
           based on clear and well-identified benchmarks, and emphasising the need to regularly
           review all peacekeeping operations including UNFICYP to ensure efficiency and
           effectiveness,
                Welcoming measures to date to strengthen the liaison and engagement capacity
           of the mission, and stressing the need to implement fully the remaining
           recommendations contained in the report of the 2017 Strategic Review of UNFICYP,
                Noting the importance of transition planning in relation to the settlement,
           including the need to consider adjustments as appropriate to the mandate of
           UNFICYP, force levels and other resources and concept of operations, taking into
           account developments on the ground and the views of the parties,
                Noting with appreciation the efforts of the Secretary-General and Special
           Representative Elizabeth Spehar, and welcoming the Secretary-General’s
           appointment of UNFICYP Force Commander Major-General Cheryl Pearce,
                Echoing the Secretary-General’s gratitude to the Government of Cyprus and the
           Government of Greece for their voluntary contributions to the funding of UNFICYP,
           and his request for further voluntary contributions from other countries and
           organizations, and expressing appreciation to Member States that contribute
           personnel to UNFICYP,
                Welcoming and encouraging efforts by the United Nations to sensitize
           peacekeeping personnel in the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS and other
           communicable diseases in all its peacekeeping operations,
                 1.    Takes note of the progress of the leaders-led process since 11 February
           2014 and the efforts of the leaders and their negotiators to reach a comprehensive and
           durable settlement, expresses regret at the lack of progress towards a settlement since
           the conclusion of the 2017 Conference on Cyprus and urges the sides and all involved
           participants to seize the important opportunity presented by the consultations of UN
           Consultant, Jane Holl Lute, on a way forward, by engaging actively and
           constructively in those consultations, and urges them to agree terms of reference
           which would constitute a consensus starting point for meaningful results -oriented
           negotiations leading to a settlement within a foreseeable horizon, and to renew their
           political will and commitment to a settlement under United Nations auspices;
                2.   In this regard, calls upon the sides, specifically the leaders of the two
           Cypriot communities, and all involved parties to actively and meaningfully engage
           with openness and creativity, fully commit to a settleme nt process under UN auspices,

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S/RES/2453 (2019)

               use the UN consultations to restart negotiations, and avoid any actions that might
               damage the chances of success;
                    3.   Takes note of the reports of the Secretary-General (S/2018/919 and
               S/2019/37));
                    4.   Reaffirms all its relevant resolutions on Cyprus, in particular resolution
               1251 (1999) of 29 June 1999 and subsequent resolutions;
                    5.    Recalls its resolution 2430 (2018), and calls upon the two leaders to:
                    (a) Put their efforts expeditiously behind further work on reaching
               convergences on the core issues;
                    (b) Intensify work with the Technical Committees with the objective of
               enhancing intercommunal contacts and improving the daily lives of the Cypriots;
                     (c) Promote peace education across the island, including by further
               empowering the Technical Committee on Education to address impediments to peace
               in school books, as a contribution to trust-building between the communities;
                    (d) Improve the public atmosphere for negotiation to secure a settlement,
               including by preparing the communities for a settlement throu gh public messages on
               convergences and the way ahead, and delivering more constructive and harmonised
               messages; and by refraining from rhetoric that detracts from or could make a
               successful process more difficult to achieve; and
                     (e) Increase and strengthen the participation of civil society, including
               women’s organisations and youth in the process; provide direct support and
               encouragement to civil society organisations to enhance inter-communal contact and
               trust-building, with a view to mobilising greater support for the settlement process at
               large;
                     6.    Calls upon the sides and the relevant involved parties, to explore ways to
               establish mechanisms and to enhance existing initiatives, with UNFICYP as
               facilitator through its liaison role, for effectively alleviating tensions and to help
               address island-wide matters that affect all Cypriots;
                     7.    Welcomes the Secretary-General’s willingness, and expresses its full
               support, for his Good Offices to remain available to assist the sides, should they
               jointly decide to re-engage in negotiations with the necessary political will, as stated
               in his report of 28 September 2017; and requests the Secretary-General to maintain
               transition planning in relation to a settlement, guided by progress in negotiations, and
               encourages the sides to engage with each other, as well as with UNFICYP and the
               United Nations Good Offices mission in this regard;
                    8.  Notes the Secretary-General’s report of the 2017 strategic review of
               UNFICYP (S/2017/1008) and requests the Mission to implement fully its
               recommendations within existing resources;
                     9.    Urges the implementation and further development of confidence-building
               measures, including those aimed at improving mobile phone and electricity
               interconnectivity, based on a shared vision for the future and joint actions, and looks
               forward to agreement on and implementation of further such mutually acceptable
               steps, including military confidence-building measures and the opening of additional
               crossing points, and urges the sides to promote intercommunal contacts, exchange
               and cooperation thereby contributing to a conducive environment for a settlement;
                     10. Stresses the importance of the full and effective participation of civil
               society and women in particular at all stages of the peace process and expects their
               involvement in the development and implementation of post-conflict strategies for

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                                                                                S/RES/2453 (2019)

           sustainable peace, including by revitalising the Gender Committee and calls upon the
           UN to take forward, within existing resources, the Secretary-General’s proposal to
           conduct a gender-sensitive socio-economic impact assessment and to share its
           outcome with both communities;
                 11. Further stresses the importance of the full and effective participation of
           youth; recognizes the important work of the Bi-Communal Technical Committee on
           Education and calls on both sides to facilitate intercommunal youth contacts,
           recognising the important contribution of projects to promote peace education and
           building connections between children from both communities;
                12. Welcomes all efforts to accommodate the Committee on Missing Persons ’
           exhumation requirements as well as the joint appeal for information issued by the two
           leaders on 28 May 2015, and calls upon all parties to provide more expeditious, full
           access to all areas and to respond to the Committee’s request for archival information
           on possible burial sites, given the need to accelerate the Committee ’s work;
                 13. Expresses its full support for UNFICYP and decides to extend its mandate
           for a further period ending 31 July 2019;
                 14. Welcomes the mission’s efforts to improve its capacity for liaison and
           engagement with the sides across all components, including people to people contacts,
           to keep stability and calm, and thereby contribute effectively to conditions conducive
           to progress in a settlement process; and Requests the Secretary-General to increase
           the number of women in UNFICYP in line with its resolution 2242 (2015), as well as
           to ensure the meaningful participation of women in all aspects of operations;
                 15. Expresses serious concern at the increased number of violations of the
           military status quo along the ceasefire lines and calls on the sides and all involved
           parties to respect UNFICYP’s mandated authority in the buffer zone, further calls on
           the sides to continue to engage, as a matter of urgency and while respecting the
           mandate of UNFICYP, in consultations with UNFICYP on the demarcation of the
           buffer zone, and strongly recommends the use of the 2018 United Nations aidememoire by the sides to ensure peace and security in the buffer zone;
                16. Calls on the Turkish Cypriot side and Turkish forces to restore in Strovilia
           the military status quo which existed there prior to 30 June 2000;
                 17. Calls on both sides to allow access to deminers and to facilitate the
           removal of the remaining mines in Cyprus within the buffer zone, and urges both
           sides to agree to a plan of work to achieve a mine-free Cyprus;
                18. Welcomes the initiatives undertaken by the Secretary-General to
           standardize a culture of performance in UN peacekeeping, and reaffirms its support
           for the development of a comprehensive and integrated performance policy
           framework that identifies clear standards of performance for evaluating all United
           Nations civilian and uniformed personnel working in and supporting peacekeeping
           operations that facilitates effective and full implementation of mandates, and includes
           comprehensive and objective methodologies based on clear and well-defined
           benchmarks to ensure accountability for underperformance and incentives and
           recognition for outstanding performance, and calls on him to apply it to UNFICYP;
                19. Supports the Secretary-General’s zero-tolerance policy on sexual
           exploitation and abuse, and requests the Secretary-General to work with the Force
           Commander and Troop-Contributing Countries to ensure UNFICYP’s full compliance
           with this policy, ensuring that all personnel of the mission are vetted for history of
           sexual misconduct in the service with the United Nations, and to ensure full
           compliance of its personnel with the United Nations code of conduct, keeping the
           Security Council informed through his reports about UNFICYP ’s progress in this

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               regard, and urges troop- and police-contributing countries to take appropriate
               preventive action including pre-deployment awareness training, and to take
               disciplinary action and other action to ensure full accountability in cases of such
               conduct involving their personnel;
                     20. Requests the Secretary-General to submit by 15 April 2019 a report on his
               Good Offices and on progress towards reaching a consensus starting point for
               meaningful results-oriented negotiations; further requests the Secretary-General to
               submit by 10 July 2019 a report on implementation of this resolution, including
               progress on confidence-building measures, efforts towards establishing mechanisms
               to alleviate tensions and address island-wide matters and efforts of the two Leaders
               to prepare the communities for a settlement, and on how UN activities on Cyprus can
               be best configured to advance political progress while preserving stability, and to keep
               the Security Council updated on events as necessary;
                    21.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

6/6                                                                                19-01489

Security Council resolution 2453 (2019) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) until 31 July 2019]

UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus|PEACEBUILDING|CONFIDENCE-BUILDING MEASURES|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|CYPRUS|CYPRUS QUESTION

S/74 [43] UN PEACEKEEPING FORCE IN CYPRUS
S/74 [42] CYPRUS QUESTION
S/ X The situation in Cyprus.


               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2454 (2019)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                31 January 2019

               Resolution 2454 (2019)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8455th meeting, on
               31 January 2019

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions and statements on the Central African
               Republic (CAR), in particular resolutions 2121 (2013), 2127 (2013), 2134 (2014),
               2149 (2014), 2181 (2014), 2196 (2015), 2212 (2015), 2217 (2015), 2262 (2016), 2264
               (2016), 2281 (2016), 2301 (2016), 2339 (2017), 2387 (2017), 2399 (2018), 2448
               (2018) as well as resolution 2272 (2016), and the Statements of its President of
               18 December 2014 (S/PRST/2014/28), 20 October 2015 (S/PRST/2015/17),
               16 November 2016 (S/PRST/2016/17), 4 April 2017 (S/PRST/2017/5), 13 July 2017
               (S/PRST/2017/9), and 13 July 2018 (S/PRST/2018/14),
                     Welcoming the significant efforts made by the CAR authorities, in coordination
               with their international partners, to advance the reform of the security sector,
               including the ongoing deployment of CAR defence and security forces as well as the
               adoption of a National Defence Plan, a Force Employment Concept, and a National
               Security Policy and acknowledging the urgent need for the CAR authorities to train
               and equip their defence and security forces to be able to respond proportionately to
               threats to the security of all citizens in the CAR,
                    Welcoming the Secretary-General’s Report of 15 October 2018 (S/2018/922)
               submitted pursuant to resolution 2387 (2017), and taking note of his letter dated
               31 July 2018 addressed to the President of the Security Council (S/2018/752)
               pursuant to paragraph 43 of resolution 2399 (2018),
                     Taking note of the midterm report and the final report (S/2018/1119) of the Panel
               of Experts on the CAR established pursuant to resolution 2127 (2013), expanded by
               resolution 2134 (2014) and extended pursuant to resolution 2399 (2018), and taking
               note of the Panel of Experts’ recommendations,
                     Determining that the situation in the CAR continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.   Decides to renew until 31 January 2020 the measures and provisions as set
               out in paragraphs 1 to 19 of resolution 2399 (2018);
                    2.   Reaffirms that the measures described in paragraphs 9 and 16 of resolution
               2399 (2018) shall apply to individuals and entities as designated by the Committee

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               established pursuant to resolution 2127 (2013) (“the Committee”), as set forth in
               paragraphs 20 to 22 of resolution 2399 (2018);
                     3.   Decides to extend until 29 February 2020 the mandate of the Panel of
               Experts, as set out in paragraphs 30 to 39 of resolution 2399 (2018), expresses its
               intention to review the mandate and take appropriate action regarding its further
               extension no later than 31 January 2020, and requests the Secretary-General to take
               the necessary administrative measures as expeditiously as possible to re -establish the
               Panel of Experts, in consultation with the Committee, drawing, as appropriate, on the
               expertise of the current members of the Panel of Experts;
                      4.   Requests the Panel of Experts to provide to the Council, after discussion
               with the Committee, a midterm report no later than 30 July 2019, a final report no
               later than 31 December 2019, and progress updates, as appropriate;
                     5.    Expresses particular concern about reports of illicit transnational
               trafficking networks which continue to fund and supply armed groups in the CA R,
               and requests the Panel, in the course of carrying out its mandate, to devote special
               attention to the analysis of such networks, in cooperation with other Panels or Groups
               of Experts established by the Security Council as appropriate;
                     6.    Urges all parties, and all Member States, as well as international, regional
               and subregional organizations to ensure cooperation with the Panel of Experts and the
               safety of its members;
                     7.   Further urges all Member States and all relevant United Nations bodies to
               ensure unhindered access, in particular to persons, documents and sites in order for
               the Panel of Experts to execute its mandate and recalls the value of informationsharing between MINUSCA and the Panel of Experts;
                    8.    Reaffirms the Committee provisions and the reporting and review
               provisions as set out in resolution 2399 (2018);
                    9.    Expresses its intention to establish, no later than 30 April 2019, clear and
               well identified key benchmarks regarding the reform of the security sector, the
               disarmament, demobilization, reintegration and repatriation process, and the
               management of weapons and ammunition, that could serve in guiding the Security
               Council to review the arms embargo measures on the Government o f the CAR;
                     10. Requests in this regard the Secretary-General, in close consultation with
               MINUSCA, UNMAS and the Panel of Experts, to conduct, no later than 31 July 2019,
               an assessment on the progress achieved on the key benchmarks that will be
               established pursuant to paragraph 9 above and further expresses its intention to
               review, by 30 September 2019, the arms embargo measures on the Government of the
               CAR in light of this assessment;
                     11. Requests the CAR authorities to report, by 30 June 2019, to the Committee
               on the progress achieved regarding the reform of the security sector, the disarmament,
               demobilization, reintegration and repatriation process, and the management of
               weapons and ammunition;
                    12.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2454 (2019) [on renewal of measures on arms, transport, finance and travel against the Central African Republic until 31 Jan. 2020 and extension of the mandate of the Panel of Experts Established pursuant to Resolution 2127 (2013) until 29 Feb. 2020]

UN. Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 2127 (2013) concerning the Central African Republic|UN. Panel of Experts Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 2127 (2013)|UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|SANCTIONS|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC|ARMS EMBARGO|TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS|FROZEN ASSETS

S/74 [181] CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC SITUATION
S/74 [227] UN MULTIDIMENSIONAL INTEGRATED STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
S/ X The situation in the Central African Republic.


               United Nations                                                                 S/RES/2455 (2019)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               7 February 2019

               Resolution 2455 (2019)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8458th meeting, on
               7 February 2019

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions concerning Sudan, in particular 1591 (2005),
               1651 (2005), 1665 (2006), 1672 (2006), 1713 (2006), 1779 (2007), 1841 (2008), 1891
               (2009), 1945 (2010), 1982 (2011), 2035 (2012), 2091 (2013), 2138 (2014), 2200
               (2015), 2265 (2016), 2340 (2017), and 2400 (2018), and its Presidential Statement of
               11 December 2018 (S/PRST/2018/19),
                     Determining that the situation in Sudan continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security in the region,
                    Recalling the final report of the Sudan Panel of Experts (S/2019/34),
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.   Recalls the measures imposed by paragraphs 7 and 8 of resolution 1556
               (2004), as modified by paragraph 7 of resolution 1591 (2005), and paragraph 4 of
               resolution 2035 (2012), and the listing criteria and measures imposed by
               subparagraphs (c), (d) and (e) of paragraph 3 of resolution 1591 (2005), as modified
               by paragraph 3 of resolution 2035 (2012), and reaffirms the provisions of
               subparagraph (f), (g) of paragraph 3 of resolution 1591 (2005), paragraph 9 of
               resolution 1556 (2004), and paragraph 4 of resolution 2035 (2012);
                     2.    Decides to extend until 12 March 2020 the mandate of the Panel of Experts
               originally appointed pursuant to resolution 1591 (2005) and previously extended by
               resolutions 1779 (2007), 1841 (2008), 1945 (2010), 2035 (2012), 2138 (2014), 2200
               (2015), 2265 (2016), 2340 (2017), and 2400 (2018), reaffirms the mandate of the
               Panel of Experts’ as established in resolutions 1591 (2005), 1779 (2007), 1841 (2008),
               1945 (2010), 2035 (2012), 2138 (2014), 2200 (2015), 2265 (2016), 2340 (2017), and
               2400 (2018), and requests the Panel of Experts to provide to the Security Council
               Committee established pursuant to resolution 1591 (2005) concerning the Sudan
               (hereafter “the Committee”) with an interim report on its activities no later than
               12 August 2019, and provide to the Council, after discussion with the Committee, a
               final report by 13 January 2020 with its findings and recommendations, and further
               requests the Panel of Experts to provide updates every three months to the Committee
               regarding its activities, including Panel travel, and the implementation and
               effectiveness of paragraph 10 of resolution 1945 (2010), and expresses its intention

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               to review the mandate and take appropriate action regarding the further extension of
               the mandate no later than 12 February 2020;
                     3.    Expresses its intention to regularly review the measures on Darfur, as
               recalled in paragraph 1, in light of the evolving situation on the ground, taking note
               of the Committee Chair’s report and recommendations, and in light of the upcoming
               interim report by the Panel of Experts due by 12 August 2019 as well as the final
               report by the Panel of Experts due by 13 January 2020, and taking into account
               relevant Security Council resolutions;
                    4.   Further expresses its intention to establish clear, well identified, and
               measurable key benchmarks that could serve in guiding the Security Council to
               review measures on the Government of Sudan as set out in paragraph 1;
                    5.    Decides to remain seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2455 (2019) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Panel of Experts Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 1591 (2005) on the Sudan until 12 Mar. 2020]

UN. Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 1591 (2005) concerning the Sudan|UN. Panel of Experts Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 1591 (2005)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|ARMS EMBARGO|SANCTIONS|SANCTIONS COMPLIANCE|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|DARFUR (SUDAN)|SUDAN

S/74 [160] SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/ X Reports of the Secretary-General on the Sudan and South Sudan.


               United Nations                                                                 S/RES/2456 (2019)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               26 February 2019

               Resolution 2456 (2019)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8469th meeting, on
               26 February 2019

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its resolutions 2014 (2011), 2051 (2012), 2140 (2014), 2201 (2015),
               2204 (2015), 2216 (2015), 2266 (2016), 2342 (2017), 2402 (2018), 2451 (2018) and
               2452 (2019) and the statements of its President dated 15 February 2013
               (S/PRST/2013/3), 29 August 2014 (S/PRST/2014/18), 22 March 2015
               (S/PRST/2015/8), and 25 April 2016 (S/PRST/2016/5), 15 June 2017
               (S/PRST/2017/7) and 15 March 2018 (S/PRST/2018/5) concerning Yemen,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the unity, sovereignty, independence and
               territorial integrity of Yemen,
                     Expressing concern at the ongoing political, security, economic and
               humanitarian challenges in Yemen, including the ongoing violence, and threats
               arising from the illicit transfer, destabilizing accumulation and misuse of weapons,
                     Reiterating its call for all parties in Yemen to adhere to resolving their
               differences through dialogue and consultation, reject acts of violence to achieve
               political goals, and refrain from provocation,
                     Reaffirming the need for all parties to comply with their obligations under
               international law, including international humanitarian law and international human
               rights law as applicable,
                   Expressing its support for and commitment to the work of the Special Envoy for
               Yemen to the Secretary-General in support of the Yemeni transition process,
                     Expressing its grave concern that areas of Yemen are under the control of
               Al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) and about the negative impact of their
               presence, violent extremist ideology and actions on stability in Yemen and the region,
               including the devastating humanitarian impact on the civilian populations, expressing
               concern at the increasing presence and future potential growth of the Islamic State in
               Iraq and Levant (ISIL, also known as Da’esh) affiliates in Yemen, and reaffirming its
               resolve to address all aspects of the threat posed by AQAP, ISIL (Da’esh), and all
               other associated individuals, groups, undertakings and entities,
                    Recalling the listing of Al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) and
               associated individuals on the ISIL (Da’esh) and Al-Qaida Sanctions List and stressing

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S/RES/2456 (2019)

               in this regard the need for robust implementation of the measures in paragraph 2 of
               resolution 2253 (2015) as a significant tool in combating terrorist activity in Yemen,
                    Noting the critical importance of effective implementation of the sanctions
               regime imposed pursuant to resolution 2140 (2014) and resolution 2216 (2015),
               including the key role that Member States from the region can play in this regard, and
               encouraging efforts to further enhance cooperation,
                     Recalling the provisions of paragraph 14 of resolution 2216 (2015) imposing a
               targeted arms embargo,
                    Gravely distressed by the continued deterioration of the devastating
               humanitarian situation in Yemen, expressing serious concern at all instances of
               hindrances to the effective delivery of humanitarian assista nce, including limitations
               on the delivery of vital goods to the civilian population of Yemen,
                     Emphasizing the necessity of discussion by the Committee established pursuant
               to paragraph 19 of resolution 2140 (2014) (“the Committee”) of the recommendations
               contained in the Panel of Experts reports,
                     Determining that the situation in Yemen continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.    Reaffirms the need for the full and timely implementation of the political
               transition following the comprehensive National Dialogue Conference, in line with
               the Gulf Cooperation Council Initiative and Implementation Mechanism, and in
               accordance with resolutions 2014 (2011), 2051 (2012), 2140 (2014), 2201 (2015),
               2204 (2015) 2216 (2015), 2266 (2016), 2451 (2018) and 2452 (2019) and with regard
               to the expectations of the Yemeni people;
                    2.    Decides to renew until 26 February 2020 the measures imposed by
               paragraphs 11 and 15 of resolution 2140 (2014), reaffirms the provisions of
               paragraphs 12, 13, 14 and 16 of resolution 2140 (2015), and further reaffirms the
               provisions of paragraphs 14 to 17 of resolution 2216 (2015);

               Designation Criteria
                     3.    Reaffirms that the provisions of paragraphs 11 and 15 of resolution 2140
               (2014) and paragraph 14 of resolution 2216 (2015) shall apply to individuals or
               entities designated by the Committee, or listed in the annex to resolution 2216 (2015)
               as engaging in or providing support for acts that threaten the peace, security or
               stability of Yemen;
                    4.   Reaffirms the designation criteria set out in paragraph 17 of resolution
               2140 (2014) and paragraph 19 of resolution 2216 (2015);

               Reporting
                     5.    Decides to extend until 28 March 2020 the mandate of the Panel of Experts
               as set out in paragraph 21 of resolution 2140 (2014), and paragraph 21 of resolution
               2216 (2015), expresses its intention to review the mandate and take appropriate action
               regarding the further extension no later than 28 February 2020, and requests the
               Secretary-General to take the necessary administrative measures as expeditiously as
               possible to re-establish the Panel of Experts, in consultation with the Committee until
               28 March 2020 drawing, as appropriate, on the expertise of the members of the Panel
               established pursuant to resolution 2140 (2014);

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                                                                                S/RES/2456 (2019)

                 6.   Requests the Panel of Experts to provide a mid-term update to the
           Committee no later than 28 July 2019, and a final report no later than 28 January 2020
           to the Security Council, after discussion with the Committee;
                 7.    Directs the Panel to cooperate with other relevant expert groups
           established by the Security Council to support the work of its Sanctions Committees,
           in particular the Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team established by
           resolution 1526 (2004) and extended by resolution 2368 (2017);
                 8.    Urges all parties and all Member States, as well as international, regional
           and subregional organizations to ensure cooperation with the Panel of Experts, and
           further urges all Member States involved to ensure the safety of the members of the
           Panel of Experts and unhindered access, in particular to persons, documents and sites,
           in order for the Panel of Experts to execute its mandate;
               9.    Emphasizes the importance of holding consultations with concerned
           Member States, as may be necessary, in order to ensure full implementation of the
           measures set forth in this resolution;
                 10. Calls upon all Member States which have not already done so to report to
           the Committee as soon as possible on the steps they have taken with a view to
           implementing effectively the measures imposed by paragraphs 11 and 15 of resolution
           2140 (2014) and paragraph 14 of resolution 2216 (2015), and recalls in this regard
           that Member States undertaking cargo inspections pursuant to paragraph 15 of
           resolution 2216 (2015) are required to submit written reports to the Committee as set
           out in paragraph 17 of resolution 2216 (2015);
                11. Recalls the Informal Working Group on General Issues of Sanctions report
           (S/2006/997) on best practices and methods, including paragraphs 21, 22 and 23 that
           discuss possible steps for clarifying methodological standards for monitoring
           mechanisms;
                 12. Reaffirms its intention to keep the situation in Yemen under continuous
           review and its readiness to review the appropriateness of the measures contained in
           this resolution, including the strengthening, modification, suspension or lifting of the
           measures, as may be needed at any time in light of developments;
                13.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2456 (2019) [on renewal of sanctions against Yemen imposed by Security Council resolution 2140 (2014) and extension of the mandate of the Panel of Experts until 28 Mar. 2020]

UN. Panel of Experts Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 2140 (2014)|UN. Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 2140 (2014) concerning Yemen|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|SANCTIONS|FROZEN ASSETS|TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS|YEMEN