               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/1790 (2007)
               Security Council                                                   Distr.: General
                                                                                18 December 2007

               Resolution 1790 (2007)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5808th meeting, on
               18 December 2007

                    The Security Council,
                     Welcoming the efforts of the democratically elected, constitutionally based,
               national unity Government of Iraq in fulfilling its detailed political, economic, and
               security programme and national reconciliation agenda, and looking forward to the
               day Iraqi forces assume full responsibility for the maintenance of security and
               stability in their country, thus allowing the completion of the multinational force
               mandate and the end of its presence in Iraq,
                     Welcoming continued progress in training, equipping and capacity-building of
               Iraqi security forces, including the Iraqi Army and the internal security forces, and
               the assumption of command and control by Iraqi Ground Forces Command over all
               Iraqi Army divisions, and the transfer of security responsibility in Najaf, Maysan,
               Muthanna, Dhi Qar, Dahuk, Irbil, Sulaymaniyah, Karbala and Basra provinces, and
               also welcoming efforts to complete that process during 2008,
                    Recalling all of its previous relevant resolutions on Iraq,
                     Reaffirming the independence, sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity of
               Iraq, and reaffirming further the importance of the principle of non-interference in
               the internal affairs of Iraq,
                     Reaffirming also the right of the Iraqi people freely to determine their own
               political future and control their own national resources,
                     Welcoming the continuing work of the Government of Iraq towards a federal,
               democratic, pluralistic, and unified Iraq, in which there is full respect for human
               rights,
                     Noting the strong commitment of the Government of Iraq in pursuing an
               atmosphere in which sectarianism is totally rejected, including through the agreed
               communiqué announced on 26 August 2007, underscoring the need for all
               communities in Iraq to reject sectarianism, participate in the political process, and
               engage in an inclusive political dialogue and national reconciliation for the sake of
               Iraq’s political stability and unity, and reaffirming the willingness of the
               international community to work closely with the Government of Iraq to assist these
               reconciliation efforts,

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                     Recognizing continuing progress under the International Compact with Iraq, an
               initiative of the Government of Iraq that has created a new partnership with the
               international community and is building a strong framework for Iraq’s continued
               political, security and economic transformation and integration into the regional and
               global economy, and welcoming the important role that the United Nations is
               playing by jointly chairing the Compact with the Government of Iraq,
                     Calling upon the international community, particularly countries in the region
               and Iraq’s neighbours, to support the Iraqi people in their pursuit of peace, stability,
               security, democracy, and prosperity, welcoming the Expanded Neighbors
               Conferences on 4 May 2007 and 2-3 November 2007, resultant working groups, and
               the agreement to establish an Expanded Neighbors “support mechanism” with
               support from the United Nations, and noting that the successful implementation of
               this resolution will contribute to regional stability,
                    Demanding those who use violence in an attempt to subvert the political
               process should lay down their arms and participate in the political process, and
               encouraging the Government of Iraq to continue to engage with all those who
               renounce violence,
                     Reaffirming that acts of terrorism must not be allowed to disrupt Iraq’s
               political and economic transition, and further reaffirming the obligations of Member
               States under resolution 1618 (2005) of 4 August 2005 and other relevant resolutions
               and international conventions with respect, inter alia, to terrorist activities in and
               from Iraq or against its citizens,
                     Recalling the termination under resolution 1762 (2007) of the mandates of the
               United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC)
               and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Iraq under the relevant
               resolutions, welcoming Iraq’s commitments in its letter to the Security Council
               dated 8 April 2007 annexed to that resolution, and reaffirming Iraq’s disarmament
               obligations under relevant resolutions,
                     Recognizing the request conveyed in the letter of 7 December 2007 from the
               Prime Minister of Iraq to the President of the Council, which is annexed to this
               resolution, to retain the presence of the multinational force in Iraq, recognizing also
               the Government of Iraq’s intention to assume full responsibility for providing
               security to the country and people of Iraq, and taking note of all of the objectives set
               forth in that letter, including the statement that the Government of Iraq considers
               this to be its final request to the Security Council for the extension of the mandate
               of the multinational force,
                     Recognizing the importance of consent of the sovereign Government of Iraq
               for the presence of the multinational force and of maximum coordination and close
               partnership between the multinational force and that Government,
                    Taking into consideration the progress of Iraq’s security forces in improving
               the capability to provide security to the country and people of Iraq, as well as the
               continuing progress of the Government of Iraq in achieving its political, economic,
               and security programme,
                     Welcoming the willingness of the multinational force to continue efforts to
               contribute to the maintenance of security and stability in Iraq, including
               participating in the provision of humanitarian and reconstruction assistance, as

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           described in the letter of 10 December 2007 from the United States Secretary of
           State to the President of the Council, which is annexed to this resolution,
                Recognizing the tasks and arrangements set out in letters annexed to resolution
           1546 (2004) of 8 June 2004, including the provision of security and logistical
           support for the United Nations presence in Iraq, and the cooperative implementation
           by the Government of Iraq and the multinational force of those arrangements, and
           having regard for resolution 1770 (2007) of 10 August 2007,
                 Affirming the importance for all parties, including foreign forces, promoting
           the maintenance of security and stability in Iraq to act in accordance with
           international law, including relevant obligations under international humanitarian
           law, human rights law and refugee law, and to cooperate with the relevant
           international organizations, welcoming their commitments in this regard, and
           underscoring that all parties, including foreign forces, should take all feasible steps
           to ensure the protection of affected civilians,
                 Recalling the establishment of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq
           (UNAMI) on 14 August 2003, and affirming that the United Nations should continue
           to play a leading role in supporting the efforts of the Iraqi people and Government
           to strengthen institutions for representative government, promote political dialogue
           and national reconciliation, engage neighbouring countries, assist vulnerable groups,
           including refugees and internally displaced persons, and promote the protection of
           human rights and judicial and legal reform in accordance with resolution 1770
           (2007),
                 Recognizing that international support for security and stability is essential to
           the well-being of the people of Iraq as well as the ability of all concerned, including
           the United Nations, to carry out their work on behalf of the people of Iraq, and
           expressing appreciation for Member State contributions in this regard under
           resolution 1483 (2003), resolution 1511 (2003), resolution 1546 (2004), resolution
           1637 (2005) and resolution 1723 (2006),
                 Recognizing that the Government of Iraq will continue to have the leading role
           in coordinating international assistance to Iraq and reaffirming the importance of
           international assistance and development of the Iraqi economy and the importance
           of coordinated donor assistance,
                 Recognizing the significant role of the Development Fund for Iraq and the
           International Advisory and Monitoring Board and the provisions of paragraph 22 of
           resolution 1483 (2003) in helping the Government of Iraq to ensure that Iraq’s
           resources are being used transparently and equitably for the benefit of the people of
           Iraq,
                 Stressing the responsibility of the Iraqi authorities to undertake all appropriate
           steps to prevent attacks on the diplomatic personnel accredited in Iraq in accordance
           with the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961,
                 Determining that the situation in Iraq continues to constitute a threat to
           international peace and security,
                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                 1.  Notes that the presence of the multinational force in Iraq is at the request
           of the Government of Iraq and reaffirms the authorization for the multinational force

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S/RES/1790 (2007)

               as set forth in resolution 1546 (2004) and decides to extend the mandate as set forth
               in that resolution until 31 December 2008, taking into consideration the Iraqi Prime
               Minister’s letter dated 7 December 2007, including all of the objectives highlighted
               therein, and the United States Secretary of State’s letter dated 10 December 2007;
                     2.   Decides further that the mandate for the multinational force shall be
               reviewed at the request of the Government of Iraq or no later than 15 June 2008, and
               declares that it will terminate this mandate earlier if requested by the Government
               of Iraq;
                     3.   Decides to extend until 31 December 2008 the arrangements established
               in paragraph 20 of resolution 1483 (2003) for the depositing into the Development
               Fund for Iraq of proceeds from export sales of petroleum, petroleum products, and
               natural gas and the arrangements referred to in paragraph 12 of resolution 1483
               (2003) and paragraph 24 of resolution 1546 (2004) for the monitoring of the
               Development Fund for Iraq by the International Advisory and Monitoring Board and
               further decides that, subject to the exception provided for in paragraph 27 of
               resolution 1546 (2004), the provisions of paragraph 22 of resolution 1483 (2003)
               shall continue to apply until that date, including with respect to funds and financial
               assets and economic resources described in paragraph 23 of that resolution;
                     4.   Decides further that the provisions in the above paragraph for the deposit
               of proceeds into the Development Fund for Iraq and for the role of the International
               Advisory and Monitoring Board and the provisions of paragraph 22 of resolution
               1483 (2003) shall be reviewed at the request of the Government of Iraq or no later
               than 15 June 2008;
                    5.    Requests that the United States, on behalf of the multinational force,
               continue to report to the Council on the efforts and progress of this force on a
               quarterly basis;
                    6.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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                                                                                S/RES/1790 (2007)

Annex I
           Letter dated 7 December 2007 from the Prime Minister of Iraq
           addressed to the President of the Security Council

                                                                  [Original: Arabic and English]
                 Iraq has now finished building its constitutional and legal institutions. It now
           has a permanent constitution, which was voted on by the Iraqi people, and a
           parliament, which represents the various components of Iraqi society. Iraq also has a
           Government of national unity that includes all political factions. Today, despite the
           efforts of terrorists and hostile forces to prevent us from developing our young and
           vital democracy, we are determined to build a democratic, federal and unified Iraq.
                 The Government of Iraq continues to act expeditiously to guarantee the
           security of Iraqi citizens and the stability of the country. It is continuing to act
           expeditiously to promote national reconciliation in order to ensure broad political
           participation by all national forces, to protect human rights and strengthen the rule
           of law, to achieve economic growth and to provide its citizens with basic services.
                 Achieving security and stability in the country is a matter of the utmost
           priority for the Iraqi Government. That is why it has devoted special attention to the
           task of building and strengthening the capacities of the Iraqi Army and the internal
           security forces, given that those are the two institutions that can guarantee security,
           maintain order and confront terrorist and other outlaw groups. Our national forces
           have successfully taken over the security functions of the multinational force in Iraq
           (MNF-I) in eight governorates. It is our intention that our national forces will
           continue to take over those security functions until all 18 governorates are under the
           full security control of our troops in 2008. Our ground force command has assumed
           control of all the divisions of the Iraqi Army. The effective coordination between the
           command and MNF-I has had a positive effect on the security situation.
                 The Government of Iraq stresses that MNF-I, working alongside our national
           forces, has made an important and significant contribution to efforts to establish
           security and the rule of law. The Government of Iraq requests that the Security
           Council should consider extending the mandate of MNF-I in light of Iraq’s
           achievements over the past few years, namely, the strengthened capacity of its Army
           and security forces and its significant successes in the security, political and
           economic spheres. A review of the role and authority of MNF-I will thus be required
           in order to strike a balance between, on the one hand, the need to extend, one last
           time, the mandate of the force and, on the other hand, progress made by Iraq in the
           area of security. In this regard, it is important for Iraq to be treated as an
           independent and fully sovereign State and, in seeking the aforementioned balance,
           the following objectives should be highlighted:
           1.   The Government of Iraq requests the extension of the mandate of MNF-I in
                accordance with Security Council resolutions 1546 (2004), 1637 (2005) and
                1723 (2006) and the letters annexed thereto for a period of 12 months
                beginning on 31 December 2007, provided that the extension is subject to a
                commitment by the Security Council to end the mandate at an earlier date if
                the Government of Iraq so requests and that the mandate is subject to periodic
                review before June 2008;

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S/RES/1790 (2007)

               2.   The functions of recruiting, training, arming and equipping the Iraqi Army and
                    Iraq’s security forces are the responsibility of the Government of Iraq;
               3.   The Government of Iraq will assume responsibility for command and control
                    of all Iraqi forces, and MNF-I, in coordination with the Government of Iraq,
                    will provide support and backing to those forces;
               4.   The Government of Iraq will be responsible for arrest, detention and
                    imprisonment tasks. When those tasks are carried out by MNF-I, there will be
                    maximum levels of coordination, cooperation and understanding with the
                    Government of Iraq;
               5.   The Government of Iraq considers this to be its final request to the Security
                    Council for the extension of the mandate of MNF-I and expects, in future, that
                    the Security Council will be able to deal with the situation in Iraq without the
                    need for action under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations;
               6.   The Government of Iraq requests that the resolution to be adopted by the
                    Security Council should reaffirm respect for the independence, sovereignty,
                    unity and territorial integrity of Iraq and also reaffirm the commitment of
                    Member States to the principle of non-intervention in its internal affairs.
                     The Government of Iraq wishes to inform the Security Council that it has
               signed a declaration of principles with the United States of America with a view to
               establishing a long-term cooperative and friendly relationship.
                     The Government of Iraq reaffirms the importance of the work of the Security
               Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 1518 (2003) in order to
               restore the Iraqi funds and assets deposited outside Iraq by the previous regime. The
               Government of Iraq urges the members of the Security Council to support the
               Committee’s ongoing work in accordance with paragraph 19 of resolution 1483
               (2003) concerning the identification of individuals and entities referred to in
               paragraph 23 of that resolution, including the updating of the list of individuals and
               entities identified by the Committee established pursuant to paragraph 6 of
               resolution 661 (1990). The Government of Iraq looks forward to the Committee’s
               report to the Security Council on its activities.
                     The Government of Iraq recognizes the importance of the provisions of
               paragraph 22 of resolution 1483 (2003) in ensuring that Iraq’s natural resources, the
               proceeds from sales thereof and other funds deposited in the Development Fund for
               Iraq are used for reconstruction activities and other efforts to benefit the people of
               Iraq. Iraq therefore requests that, taking account of the exception provided for in
               paragraph 27 of resolution 1546 (2004), the Security Council should continue to
               apply the provisions of paragraph 22 of resolution 1483 (2003) until
               31 December 2008, including in respect of the funds, financial assets and economic
               resources described in paragraph 23 of resolution 1483 (2003).
                     The Government of Iraq is of the opinion that the provisions of Security
               Council resolution 1546 (2004) on the deposit of proceeds into the Development
               Fund for Iraq will help to ensure that proceeds from Iraq’s natural resources are
               used to serve the interests of the Iraqi people. The role played by the International
               Advisory and Monitoring Board serves the same purpose. The Government of Iraq
               understands that the Development Fund for Iraq plays an important role in helping
               Iraq to convince donors and creditors that it is managing its resources and debts in a

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           responsible way in the interests of the Iraqi people. It should be pointed out that Iraq
           is striving to form a new partnership with the international community in order to
           build a dynamic network designed to transform its economy and integrate it with
           other world economies through the International Compact with Iraq. We are
           therefore requesting that the mandate of the Development Fund for Iraq and the
           International Advisory and Monitoring Board be extended for a further 12 months.
           We are also requesting that the mandate should be reviewed, based on the request of
           the Iraqi Government, before 15 June 2008.
                 The Government of Iraq is asking the Security Council to review its
           resolutions relating to the deposit of 5 per cent of Iraq’s proceeds from oil into the
           Compensation Fund established in accordance with Security Council resolution 687
           (1991) and subsequent relevant resolutions, with a view to reducing that percentage
           as much as possible, since the deposit of such a high percentage creates a financial
           burden for Iraq at a time when it is in dire need of those funds to rebuild its
           infrastructure, which was destroyed during the wars waged by the previous regime.
           Furthermore, the increase in the price of oil means that the real amount represented
           by that 5 per cent is at least five times greater than it was.
                 The people of Iraq are determined to establish a stable and peaceful
           democracy. They are determined to develop a dynamic economy built on solid
           foundations and a creative vision. The people of Iraq need the support of the
           international community to make that vision a reality.
                It is our understanding that the Security Council intends to include this letter
           as an annex to the resolution concerning Iraq that is currently being drafted. In the
           meantime, I should be grateful if you would have this letter circulated to the
           members of the esteemed Security Council as soon as possible.

                                                                 (Signed) Nuri Kamel al-Maliki
                                                           Prime Minister of the Republic of Iraq

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S/RES/1790 (2007)

Annex II
               Letter dated 10 December 2007 from the Secretary of State of the
               United States of America to the President of the Security Council

                     Having reviewed the request of the Government of Iraq to extend the mandate
               of the Multinational Force (MNF) in Iraq and following consultations with the
               Government of Iraq, I am writing to confirm, consistent with this request, that the
               MNF under unified command stands ready to continue to fulfil its mandate as set
               out in Security Council resolution 1546 (2004) and extended by Security Council
               resolutions 1637 (2005) and 1723 (2006).
                     Together, the Government of Iraq and MNF in Iraq combat the challenges that
               threaten Iraq’s security and stability through a security partnership that has
               continued to improve and that has resulted in progress in the past year. This
               effective, cooperative partnership continues to evolve, as Iraqi security forces take
               leadership in fighting and deterring terrorism and other violent acts throughout Iraq.
               In the context of this partnership, MNF is prepared to continue to undertake a broad
               range of tasks to contribute to the maintenance of security and stability and to
               ensure force protection, acting under the authorities set forth in resolution 1546
               (2004), including the tasks and arrangements set out in the letters annexed thereto,
               and in close cooperation with the Government of Iraq. The forces that make up
               MNF will remain committed to acting consistently with their obligations and rights
               under international law, including the law of armed conflict.
                     Iraqi security forces continue to make progress in developing their capabilities
               as they move into the lead in taking responsibility for Iraq’s security. This year, the
               Iraqi Ground Forces Command has assumed control of all Iraqi Army divisions.
               Iraqi authorities and local security forces have assumed primary security
               responsibility in eight of Iraq’s provinces, and we are working together for
               continued progress in transition of security responsibility in all of Iraq’s eighteen
               provinces. Together we will build towards the day when the Iraqi forces assume full
               responsibility for the maintenance of security and stability in Iraq.
                     In the coming year, the MNF is ready to continue to participate in the
               maintenance of security and stability in Iraq, within the context of the growth in the
               capabilities of the Iraqi Security Forces and Iraq’s successes in security, politics,
               and the economy. The MNF is prepared to work with the Government of Iraq to help
               it achieve the objectives it has set for itself as an independent and sovereign state.
                    The co-sponsors intend to annex this letter to the resolution on Iraq that is
               under consideration. In the meantime, I request that you provide copies of this letter
               to members of the Council as quickly as possible.

                                                                          (Signed) Condoleezza Rice

8                                                                                07-65072

Security Council resolution 1790 (2007) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI)]

Northern America|Sub-Saharan Africa|Western Asia

UN Assistance Mission for Iraq|Development Fund for Iraq. International Advisory and Monitoring Board|Development Fund for Iraq|Multinational Force in Iraq|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|INTERNAL SECURITY|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION|PETROLEUM REVENUES|IRAQ|IRAQ SITUATION

S/62 [119] IRAQ SITUATION
S/62 [124] UN ASSISTANCE MISSION FOR IRAQ


               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/1791 (2007)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                19 December 2007

               Resolution 1791 (2007)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5809th meeting, on
               19 December 2007

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its resolutions and the statements of the President on Burundi, in
               particular its resolution 1719 (2006),
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and unity of Burundi, and emphasizing the importance of national
               ownership by Burundi of peacebuilding, security and long-term development,
                     Noting the progress made by Burundi towards consolidating peace and
               stability, as well as the remaining challenges, in particular completing the peace
               process with the Forces Nationales de Libération (Palipehutu-FNL), consolidating
               democratically-elected institutions and good governance, and completing the
               disarmament, demobilization and reinsertion process and the reform of the security
               sector, including ensuring that the security forces and judicial institutions effectively
               protect human rights and the rule of law,
                     Welcoming the appointment on 14 November 2007 of a government of national
               unity,
                    Emphasizing the need for the United Nations system and the international
               community to maintain their support for peace consolidation and long-term
               development in Burundi, and welcoming in this regard the establishment of the
               “Groupe de coordination des partenaires”,
                    Taking note of the briefing of the Chairman of the Burundi configuration of the
               Peacebuilding Commission on 6 December 2007, welcoming the Peacebuilding
               Commission’s close engagement on Burundi, including the finalization with the
               Burundian Government of the Strategic Framework for Peacebuilding and the
               adoption of the Monitoring and Tracking Mechanism, and looking forward to its
               implementation in the same spirit of partnership,
                     Paying tribute to the facilitation efforts of South Africa, in conjunction with
               the countries of the Regional Peace Initiative and the African Union, to promote the
               full implementation of the Comprehensive Ceasefire Agreement signed on
               7 September 2006 in Dar-es-Salaam between the Government of Burundi and the
               Palipehutu-FNL,

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                      Welcoming the signing, on 2 November 2007, of a framework agreement on
               the establishment of a Tripartite Steering Committee for National Consultations on
               Transitional Justice Mechanisms, stressing the importance of an early start of the
               Committee’s activities, and encouraging the Burundian authorities and the
               Secretary-General, pursuant to resolution 1606 (2005), to continue to cooperate on
               this issue,
                     Recalling the conclusions of its Working Group on Children and Armed
               Conflict pertaining to parties in armed conflict in Burundi (S/2007/92), taking note
               of the report of the Secretary-General on children and armed conflict in Burundi
               (S/2007/686), calling upon the Government of Burundi and urging all parties, in
               particular the Palipehutu-FNL, to cooperate with the Working Group with a view to
               following up on its conclusions, and encouraging United Nations agencies and
               donors to continue to support these efforts,
                     Welcoming BINUB’s policy to promote and protect the rights of women and to
               take into account gender considerations as set out in its resolution 1325 (2000) as a
               cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate and to keep the Council informed,
                    Having considered the second report (S/2007/682) of the Secretary-General on
               the United Nations Integrated Office in Burundi (BINUB),
                     1.    Decides to extend until 31 December 2008 the mandate of BINUB, as set
               out in resolution 1719;
                     2.    Commends the authorities and political actors in Burundi for persevering
               in their dialogue on achieving stability and national reconciliation and to promote
               social harmony in their country, and encourages them to continue that dialogue;
                     3.   Urges the Palipehutu-FNL to return to the Joint Verification and
               Monitoring Mechanism (JVMM) without delay or preconditions and to immediately
               release all children associated with it, and calls on both parties to the
               Comprehensive Ceasefire Agreement to refrain from any action that might lead to a
               resumption of hostilities and to resolve outstanding issues in a spirit of cooperation
               including through agreeing on a road map of sequenced steps and clear time frames
               for the successful implementation of the Comprehensive Ceasefire Agreement and
               conclusion of the final phase of the peace process;
                    4.    Encourages the South African Facilitation, the Regional Peace Initiative,
               the African Union and other international partners to reinforce efforts in support of
               the early conclusion of the peace process between the Government of Burundi and
               Palipehutu-FNL, and requests the Secretary-General, including through BINUB, to
               play a robust political role in support of the peace process, in full coordination with
               regional and international partners;
                    5.    Encourages BINUB and the Facilitation to expedite their consultations
               on a common approach to deal with the issue of alleged FNL dissidents, with
               appropriate international support;
                    6.     Encourages the Burundian Government to pursue its efforts regarding
               peace consolidation challenges, in particular democratic governance and justice and
               security reforms;
                    7.    Expresses its deep concern at the continuing human rights violations,
               including sexual and gender-based violence, and urges the Government to diligently
               investigate all such reports and take the necessary steps to prevent further violations
               and to ensure that those responsible are brought to justice;

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                                                                                S/RES/1791 (2007)

                8.    Requests the Secretary-General to continue to report regularly to the
           Council on the implementation of the mandate of BINUB and the progress regarding
           the benchmarks contained in the addendum to his report dated 21 June 2006
           (S/2006/429/Add.1), and to keep the Council informed of the progress towards the
           eventual transition from the integrated office to a primarily development-focused
           engagement;
                9.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 1791 (2007) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Integrated Office in Burundi (BINUB)]

UN Integrated Office in Burundi|Joint Verification and Monitoring Mechanism (Burundi)|Parti pour la libération du peuple hutu du Burundi|Forces nationales de libération (Burundi)|South African Facilitation|Great Lakes Regional Peace Initiative on Burundi|African Union|Comprehensive Ceasefire Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Burundi and the PALIPEHUTU-FNL (2006)|PEACEBUILDING|POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION|SECURITY SECTOR REFORM|GOVERNANCE|BURUNDI|BURUNDI SITUATION|CHILDREN IN ARMED CONFLICTS|PARTNERSHIP|DISSIDENTS|HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS|GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE|SEX CRIMES|CRIMINAL JUSTICE


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/1792 (2007)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                19 December 2007

               Resolution 1792 (2007)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5810th meeting, on
               19 December 2007

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions and statements by its President on the
               situation in Liberia and West Africa,
                     Welcoming the sustained progress made by the Government of Liberia since
               January 2006, in rebuilding Liberia for the benefit of all Liberians, with the support
               of the international community,
                     Recalling its decision not to renew the measures in paragraph 10 of resolution
               1521 (2003) regarding round log and timber products originating in Liberia, and
               stressing that Liberia’s progress in the timber sector must continue with the effective
               implementation and enforcement of the National Forestry Reform Law signed into
               law on 5 October 2006, including the resolution of land and tenure rights, the
               conservation and protection of biodiversity, and the process for the awarding of
               contracts for commercial forestry operations,
                    Recalling its decision to terminate the measures in paragraph 6 of resolution
               1521 (2003) regarding diamonds,
                     Welcoming the Government of Liberia’s participation in the Kimberley Process
               Certification Scheme, noting Liberia’s implementation of the necessary internal
               controls and other requirements of the Kimberley Process, and calling on the
               Government of Liberia to continue to work diligently to ensure the effectiveness of
               these controls,
                     Stressing the continuing importance of the United Nations Mission in Liberia
               (UNMIL) in improving security through Liberia and helping the Government
               establish its authority throughout the country, particularly in the diamond and
               timber-producing regions, and border areas,
                    Taking note of the report of the United Nations Panel of Experts on Liberia
               dated 5 December 2007 (S/2007/689, annex), including on the issues of diamonds,
               timber, targeted sanctions, and arms and security,
                    Having reviewed the measures imposed by paragraphs 2 and 4 of resolution
               1521 (2003) and paragraph 1 of resolution 1532 (2004) and the progress towards

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*0765323*

S/RES/1792 (2007)

               meeting the conditions set out by paragraph 5 of resolution 1521 (2003), and
               concluding that insufficient progress has been made towards that end,
                     Underlining its determination to support the Government of Liberia in its
               efforts to meet those conditions, and encouraging donors to do likewise,
                    Urging all parties to support the Government of Liberia in identifying and
               implementing measures that will ensure progress towards meeting the conditions set
               out by paragraph 5 of resolution 1521 (2003),
                     Determining that, despite significant progress having been made in Liberia, the
               situation there continues to constitute a threat to international peace and security in
               the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                    1.   Decides, on the basis of its assessment of progress made to date towards
               meeting the conditions for lifting the measures imposed by resolution 1521 (2003):
                    (a) To renew the measures on arms imposed by paragraph 2 of resolution
               1521 (2003) and modified by paragraphs 1 and 2 of resolution 1683 (2006) and by
               paragraph 1 (b) of resolution 1731 (2006) and to renew the measures on travel
               imposed by paragraph 4 of resolution 1521 (2003) for a further period of 12 months
               from the date of adoption of this resolution;
                     (b) That Member States shall notify the Committee established by paragraph
               21 of resolution 1521 (2003) (“the Committee”) upon delivery of all arms and
               related materiel supplied in accordance with paragraph 2 (e) or 2 (f) of resolution
               1521 (2003), paragraph 2 of resolution 1683 (2006), or paragraph 1 (b) of resolution
               1731;
                     (c) To review any of the above measures at the request of the Government of
               Liberia, once the Government reports to the Council that the conditions set out in
               resolution 1521 (2003) for terminating the measures have been met, and provides
               the Council with information to justify its assessment;
                    2.    Recalls that the measures imposed by paragraph 1 of resolution 1532
               (2004) remain in force, notes with concern the findings of the Panel of Experts on
               the lack of progress in this regard, and calls on the Government of Liberia to
               continue to make all necessary efforts to fulfil its obligations;
                     3.    Reconfirms its intention to review the measures imposed by paragraph 1
               of resolution 1532 (2004) at least once a year;
                     4.   Welcomes UNMIL’s assistance to the Government of Liberia in
               conducting joint patrols with the Forestry Development Authority with a view to
               strengthening Government control in forestry areas;
                    5.    Decides to extend the mandate of the current Panel of Experts appointed
               pursuant to paragraph 1 of resolution 1760 (2007) for a further period until 20 June
               2008 to undertake the following tasks:
                     (a) To conduct a follow-up assessment mission to Liberia and neighbouring
               States, in order to investigate and compile a report on the implementation, and any
               violations, of the measures imposed by resolution 1521 (2003) and renewed in
               paragraph 1 above, including any information relevant to the designation by the
               Committee of the individuals described in paragraph 4 (a) of resolution 1521 (2003)

2                                                                                07-65323

                                                                                S/RES/1792 (2007)

           and paragraph 1 of resolution 1532 (2004), and including the various sources of
           financing, such as from natural resources, for the illicit trade of arms;
                 (b) To assess the impact of and effectiveness of the measures imposed by
           paragraph 1 of resolution 1532 (2004), including particularly with respect to the
           assets of former President Charles Taylor;
                 (c) To assess the implementation of forestry legislation passed by the
           Liberian Congress on 19 September 2006 and signed into law by President Johnson-Sirleaf on 5 October 2006;
                (d) To assess the Government of Liberia’s compliance with the Kimberley
           Process Certification Scheme, and to coordinate with the Kimberley Process in
           assessing compliance;
                  (e) To report to the Council through the Committee by 1 June 2008 on all the
           issues listed in this paragraph, and to provide informal updates to the Committee as
           appropriate before that date, especially on progress in the timber sector since the
           lifting of paragraph 10 of resolution 1521 (2003) in June 2006, and in the diamond
           sector since the lifting of paragraph 6 of resolution 1521 (2003) in April 2007;
                 (f) To cooperate actively with other relevant groups of experts, in particular
           that on Côte d’Ivoire re-established by paragraph 8 of resolution 1782 (2007), and
           with the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme;
                 (g) To identify and make recommendations regarding areas where the
           capacity of States in the region can be strengthened to facilitate the implementation
           of the measures imposed by paragraph 4 of resolution 1521 (2003) and paragraph 1
           of resolution 1532 (2004);
                6.    Requests the Secretary-General to reappoint the current members of the
           Panel of Experts and to make the necessary financial and security arrangements to
           support the work of the Panel;
                 7.   Calls upon all States and the Government of Liberia to cooperate fully
           with the Panel of Experts in all the aspects of its mandate;
                8.   Encourages the Government of Liberia to invite the Kimberley Process
           to conduct a review visit within a year of Liberia’s full participation in and
           implementation of the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme;
                9.    Encourages the Kimberley Process to inform, as appropriate, the
           Security Council through its Committee about any possible review visit to Liberia
           and its assessment of progress made by the Liberian Government in implementing
           the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme;
                10.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

07-65323                                                                                3

Security Council resolution 1792 (2007) [on renewal of measures on arms and travel imposed by resolution 1521 (2003) and on extension of the mandate of the current Panel of Experts on Liberia]

UN. Group of Experts Established pursuant to Paragraph 7 of Security Council Resolution 1584 (2005)|Kimberley Process Certification Scheme for Rough Diamonds (2002)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|ARMS EMBARGO|CONFLICT DIAMONDS|LIBERIA|LIBERIA SITUATION|SANCTIONS COMPLIANCE|GROUPS OF EXPERTS|TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS|FOREST PRODUCTS|SANCTIONS|ARMS TRANSFERS|FACT-FINDING MISSIONS

S/62 [89] LIBERIA SITUATION
S/62 [90] UN MISSION IN LIBERIA


                United Nations                                                                S/RES/1793 (2007)*
                Security Council                                               Distr.: General
                                                                               31 December 2007

                Resolution 1793 (2007)
                Adopted by the Security Council at its 5813th meeting, on
                21 December 2007

                     The Security Council,
                     Reaffirming its previous resolutions and the statements of its President
                concerning the situation in Sierra Leone, in particular resolutions 1734 (2006),
                1688 (2006) and 1620 (2005),
                      Commending the valuable contribution that the United Nations Integrated
                Office in Sierra Leone (UNIOSIL) has made to the recovery of Sierra Leone from
                conflict and to the country’s peace, security and development,
                      Welcoming the report of the Secretary-General dated 4 December and the
                recommendation that the mandate of UNIOSIL is extended for a further nine months
                until 30 September 2008 with a view to providing continued peacebuilding
                assistance to the Government of Sierra Leone and preparing for the local elections
                in June 2008,
                     Noting the letter of 22 October 2007 from the President of Sierra Leone to the
                Secretary-General requesting the extension of the mandate of UNIOSIL,
                      Welcoming the holding of peaceful and democratic parliamentary and
                presidential elections in August and September 2007, and stressing that the wide
                acceptance of the local elections in June 2008 will be another important milestone in
                consolidating a sustainable peace in Sierra Leone,
                     Emphasizing the importance of the continued support of the United Nations
                system and the international community for the long-term peace, security and
                development of Sierra Leone, particularly through strengthening the capacity of the
                Government of Sierra Leone,
                      Welcoming the adoption on 12 December 2007 of the Peacebuilding
                Cooperation Framework highlighting inter alia five priority areas in the peace
                consolidation process to be addressed by the Government of Sierra Leone with the
                support of the Peacebuilding Commission (PBC), the United Nations system and
                bilateral and multinational partners,

            * Reissued for technical reasons.

07-65591* (E)
*0765591*

S/RES/1793 (2007)

                     Welcoming the progress made in reforming the security sector in Sierra Leone
               and, in particular, the developing professionalism of the Sierra Leone Armed Forces
               and police, and urging further strengthening and rationalizing of the security
               architecture so that the police and Armed Forces are sustainable in the long term and
               able to carry out their tasks effectively,
                    Reiterating its appreciation for the work of the Special Court for Sierra Leone
               and its vital contribution to reconciliation and the rule of law in Sierra Leone and
               the subregion, reiterating its expectation that the Court will finish its work
               expeditiously, and calling upon Member States to contribute generously to the
               Court,
                     Welcoming the role played by ECOWAS and encouraging the Member States
               of the Mano River Union and other organizations to continue their efforts aimed at
               building regional and subregional peace and security,
                    1.   Decides to extend the mandate of UNIOSIL, as outlined in resolution
               1620 (2005), until 30 September 2008;
                   2.     Requests the Secretary-General to submit by 31 January 2008, and for the
               Council’s consideration, a completion strategy for UNIOSIL including:
                    – at least a 20 per cent reduction in staff numbers by 31 March 2008;
                    – a continued mission at 80 per cent of the current strength until 30 June 2008;
                      and
                    – the termination of UNIOSIL’s mandate by 30 September 2008;
                    3.    Emphasizes the importance of UNIOSIL focusing, in particular, on
               providing assistance to the local elections scheduled for 21 June 2008, and to
               national commissions and institutions for the promotion of good governance and
               human rights, and actively supporting the work of the Peacebuilding Commission
               and the Peacebuilding Fund; and, in this regard, requests the Secretary-General to
               ensure there is adequate capacity, expertise and resources within UNIOSIL;
                     4.   Expresses its intention that, on the expiration of its mandate, UNIOSIL
               should be replaced by a United Nations integrated political office to focus on
               carrying forward the peacebuilding process, mobilizing international donor support,
               supporting the work of the Peacebuilding Commission and Fund, and completing
               any residual tasks left over from UNIOSIL’s mandate, in particular promoting
               national reconciliation and supporting the constitutional reform process; and
               requests the Secretary-General to submit specific proposals on the mandate,
               structure and strength of the successor office in his next report to the Council in
               April 2008;
                     5.   Calls upon all parties in Sierra Leone to ensure that the 2008 local
               elections are peaceful, transparent, free and fair; further calls upon the Government
               of Sierra Leone to provide the necessary support for the electoral institutions; and
               urges Member States and relevant international and regional organizations to
               provide technical and material support;
                    6.    Emphasizes that the Government of Sierra Leone bears the primary
               responsibility for peacebuilding, security and long-term development in the country,
               and encourages the Government of Sierra Leone to continue its close engagement
               with the Peacebuilding Commission, including through the regular monitoring of

2                                                                                07-65591

                                                                                S/RES/1793 (2007)

           progress in the implementation of the Sierra Leone Peacebuilding Cooperation
           Framework, and international donors to continue to provide support to the
           Government;
                7.    Calls upon the Government of Sierra Leone, UNIOSIL and all other
           stakeholders in the country to increase their efforts to promote good governance,
           including through continued measures to combat corruption, improve accountability,
           promote the development of the private sector to generate wealth and employment
           opportunities, strengthen the judiciary and promote human rights;
                 8.   Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, decides to
           exempt from the measures imposed by paragraph 5 of resolution 1171 (1998) the
           travel of any witnesses whose presence at trial before the Special Court for Sierra
           Leone is required;
                 9.   Emphasizes the important role of women in the prevention and resolution
           of conflicts and in peacebuilding, as recognized in resolution 1325 (2000),
           underlines that a gender perspective should be taken into account in implementing
           all aspects of the mandate of UNIOSIL, encourages UNIOSIL to work with the
           Government of Sierra Leone in this area, and requests the Secretary-General to
           ensure there is adequate capacity, expertise and resources within UNIOSIL to carry
           out this work and, where appropriate, to include in his reporting to the Council
           progress on gender mainstreaming throughout UNIOSIL and all other aspects
           relating to the situation of women and girls, especially in relation to the need to
           protect them from gender-based violence;
                 10. Welcomes the efforts undertaken by UNIOSIL to implement the
           Secretary-General’s zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse to ensure
           full compliance of its personnel with the United Nations code of conduct;
                 11. Requests that the Secretary-General keep the Council regularly informed
           of progress made in the implementation of the mandate of UNIOSIL and this
           resolution;
                12.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

07-65591                                                                                3

Security Council resolution 1793 (2007) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Integrated Office in Sierra Leone (UNIOSIL)]

UN Integrated Office in Sierra Leone|UN. Peacebuilding Commission|UN. Peacebuilding Fund|Special Court for Sierra Leone|Sierra Leone Peacebuilding Cooperation Framework (2007)|Charter of the United Nations (1945)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION|INTERNAL SECURITY|PEACEBUILDING|GOVERNANCE|ELECTIONS|SIERRA LEONE|STAFFING|ELECTION VERIFICATION|CAPACITY BUILDING|INSTITUTION BUILDING|TECHNICAL COOPERATION|PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION|BUDGET CONTRIBUTIONS|CORRUPTION|ACCOUNTABILITY|PRIVATE SECTOR|EMPLOYMENT|JUDICIAL SYSTEM|HUMAN RIGHTS ADVANCEMENT|WITNESSES|TRIALS|CRIMINAL COURTS|WOMEN|GENDER MAINSTREAMING|GIRLS|GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE|SEX CRIMES|CODES OF CONDUCT

S/62 [171] SIERRA LEONE--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/62 [172] UN INTEGRATED OFFICE IN SIERRA LEONE


               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/1794 (2007)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               21 December 2007

               Resolution 1794 (2007)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5814th meeting, on
               21 December 2007

                    The Security Council,
                   Recalling its resolutions and the statements of its President concerning the
               Democratic Republic of the Congo, in particular resolution 1756 (2007),
                     Reaffirming its commitment to respect the sovereignty, territorial integrity and
               political independence of the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
                    Reaffirming its commitment to continue to contribute to the consolidation of
               peace and stability in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the post-transition
               period, in particular through the United Nations Organization Mission in the
               Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC),
                    Underscoring the long-term sustained efforts needed from the Government of
               the Democratic Republic of the Congo and its international partners to consolidate
               democracy and promote the rule of law, good governance, recovery and
               development,
                     Stressing the primary responsibility of the Government of the Democratic
               Republic of the Congo for ensuring security in its territory and protecting its
               civilians with respect for the rule of law, human rights and international
               humanitarian law,
                     Expressing its grave concern at the continued presence of foreign and
               Congolese armed groups and militias in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic
               of the Congo, including the Forces Démocratiques de Libération du Rwanda
               (FLDR), ex-FAR/Interahamwe and the dissident militia of Laurent Nkunda, which
               has resulted in a serious security and humanitarian crisis particularly in North Kivu,
                     Expressing in particular its deep concern at the humanitarian consequences of
               the recent fighting between the dissident militia of Laurent Nkunda and the Armed
               Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC), and recalling that a
               comprehensive approach is needed to tackle the crisis in the Kivus including efforts
               to address the presence of all armed groups and militias, to end impunity and to
               promote reconciliation, social cohesion, recovery and development in the region,
                    Commending MONUC and the Congolese authorities for the substantial
               progress towards carrying out the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of

07-65572 (E)
*0765572*

S/RES/1794 (2007)

               combatants in the district of Ituri, which helped to stabilize security conditions in
               that part of the country,
                     Commending the joint efforts of the Governments of the Democratic Republic
               of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda to address their common security
               concerns through dialogue and cooperation, welcoming in particular the joint
               communiqué on a common approach to end the threat posed to peace and stability in
               both countries and the Great Lakes region, signed in Nairobi on 9 November 2007
               (S/2007/679), which is an important milestone towards the definitive settlement of
               the problem of illegal armed groups in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic
               of the Congo, and expressing its appreciation for the ongoing efforts undertaken in
               this respect by the Secretary-General, his Special Representative and Assistant
               Secretary-General Menkerios,
                    Also commending the joint efforts of the Governments of the Democratic
               Republic of Congo and the Republic of Uganda to address the continued presence of
               the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) in eastern Congo, welcoming in particular the
               Summit in Ngurdoto, Tanzania, between President Kabila and President Museveni
               on 8 September 2007,
                     Commending also the efforts of the Government of the Democratic Republic
               of the Congo and other countries of the region to solve their common security
               concerns, and welcoming the Conclusions of the high-level meeting of the Tripartite
               Plus Joint Commission held in Addis Ababa on 4 and 5 December 2007,
                     Recalling its resolution 1325 (2000) on women, peace and security, its
               resolution 1502 (2003) on the Protection of United Nations personnel, associated
               personnel and humanitarian personnel in conflict zones, its resolution 1612 (2005)
               on children in armed conflict and its resolution 1674 (2006) on the protection of
               civilians in armed conflicts,
                     Deploring again the persistence of violations of human rights and international
               humanitarian law in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in particular those
               carried out by the FDLR, ex-FAR/Interahamwe and the dissident militia of Laurent
               Nkunda, as well as other militias and armed groups and elements of the FARDC, the
               Congolese National Police (PNC) and other security and intelligence services, and
               stressing the urgent need for those responsible for these crimes to be brought to
               justice,
                     Condemning in particular sexual violence perpetrated by militias and armed
               groups as well as elements of the FARDC, the PNC and other security and
               intelligence services, stressing the urgent need for the Government of the
               Democratic Republic of the Congo, in cooperation with MONUC and other relevant
               actors, to end such violence and bring the perpetrators, as well as the senior
               commanders under whom they serve, to justice, and calling on Member States to
               assist in this regard and to continue to provide medical, humanitarian and other
               assistance to victims,
                    Recalling the conclusions of the Security Council Working Group on Children
               and Armed Conflict pertaining to parties in the armed conflict of the Democratic
               Republic of Congo (S/AC.51/2007/17 of 25 October 2007),

2                                                                                07-65572

                                                                                S/RES/1794 (2007)

                 Welcoming MONUC’s policy to promote and protect the rights of women and
           to take into account gender considerations as set out in its resolution 1325 (2000) as
           a cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate and to keep the Council informed,
                Urging all States, especially those in the region, including the Democratic
           Republic of the Congo itself, to take the appropriate steps to end the illegal trade in
           natural resources,
                 Declaring its determination to continue to monitor closely the implementation
           of the arms embargo and other measures set out by its resolutions,
                 Recalling the importance of elections, including the forthcoming local
           elections, for the longer-term restoration of peace and stability, national
           reconciliation and establishment of the rule of law in the Democratic Republic of
           the Congo,
                 Recalling also the importance of urgently carrying out security sector reform
           for the long-term stabilization of the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
                Taking note of the twenty-fourth report of the Secretary-General on MONUC
           dated 14 November 2007 (S/2007/671) and of its recommendations,
                Determining that the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
           continues to pose a threat to international peace and security in the region,
                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                 1.   Decides to extend the mandate and capacity of MONUC, as set out in
           resolution 1756, until 31 December 2008 and authorizes the continuation until that
           date of up to 17,030 military personnel, 760 military observers, 391 police
           personnel and 6 formed police units comprising up to 125 personnel each;
                2.    Requests MONUC to attach the highest priority to addressing the crisis in
           the Kivus in all its dimensions, in particular through the protection of civilians and
           support for the implementation of the Nairobi Joint Communiqué;
                 3.    Demands that the militias and armed groups that are still present in the
           eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in particular the FDLR,
           ex-FAR/Interahamwe and the dissident militia of Laurent Nkunda and the LRA, lay
           down their arms and engage voluntarily and without any further delay or
           preconditions in their demobilization, repatriation, resettlement, and reintegration,
           as appropriate, stresses the need to ensure that those militias and armed groups do
           not receive any support for their illegal activities, and also demands, recalling its
           resolution 1698 (2006), that all armed groups, in particular the forces of Laurent
           Nkunda and the FDLR, immediately stop recruiting and using children and release
           all children associated with them;
                4.    Urges the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo to
           address the crisis in the Kivus in a comprehensive way, including through promptly
           convening the Round Table on peace, security and development in the Kivus;
                 5.   Encourages MONUC, in accordance with its mandate and emphasizing
           that the protection of civilians must be given priority in decisions about the use of
           available capacity and resources, to use all necessary means, within the limits of its
           capacity and in the areas where its units are deployed, to support the FARDC
           integrated brigades with a view to disarming the recalcitrant foreign and Congolese

07-65572                                                                                3

S/RES/1794 (2007)

               armed groups, in particular the FDLR, ex-FAR/Interahamwe and the dissident
               militia of Laurent Nkunda, in order to ensure their participation in the disarmament,
               demobilization, repatriation, resettlement and reintegration processes, as
               appropriate;
                     6.    Requests the Secretary-General to report by 31 March 2008 on how
               MONUC could further support FARDC or take other measures in dealing with
               illegal foreign and Congolese armed groups;
                     7.   Emphasizes that such operations by the FARDC should be planned
               jointly with MONUC and in accordance with international humanitarian, human
               rights and refugee law and should include appropriate measures to protect civilians,
               and requests the Secretary-General to include in his reports to the Council an
               assessment of the measures taken to protect civilians;
                     8.    Recalls MONUC’s mandate to use all necessary means to protect
               civilians under imminent threat of physical violence, particularly in the Kivus;
                     9.    Requests the Secretary-General to continue to use its good offices in
               facilitating a political solution to address the underlying causes of the crisis in the
               Kivus, in close consultation with the Government of the Democratic Republic of the
               Congo, Governments of the region and other regional and international partners;
                    10. Calls on the Governments of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and
               the Republic of Rwanda, as a matter of urgency, to fully implement their
               commitments under the Nairobi Joint Communiqué, and to continue to cooperate to
               solve their common security concerns;
                    11. Calls on the Governments of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and
               the Republic of Uganda to fully implement their commitments under the Ngurdoto
               Agreement and to continue to cooperate to solve their common security concerns;
                     12. Welcomes the letters of the Secretary-General dated 11 October and
               30 November 2007 (S/2007/694) with respect to assistance by MONUC to the
               Congolese authorities in the organization, preparation, and conduct of local
               elections, and requests MONUC, consistent with its existing mandate, to begin to
               provide the assistance described in these letters and expresses its intention to further
               consider the issue by the end of January 2008;
                     13. Calls on the Congolese authorities to intensify as a matter of urgency
               their efforts to reform the security sector, including the army, the police and the
               justice sector, encourages in particular the development of a comprehensive plan
               and timelines for the reform of the army, invites the Congolese Government to hold
               as soon as possible the planned round table on security sector reform and urges
               international partners to support this endeavour;
                     14. Underlines the importance of the support MONUC is providing, in close
               cooperation with the Congolese authorities, the United Nations Country Team and
               donors, to the strengthening of democratic institutions and the rule of law in the
               Democratic Republic of the Congo, and calls upon the Congolese authorities to take
               full advantage of the assistance offered by MONUC and other international partners
               in these respects;
                   15. Reiterates its call upon the Congolese authorities to put an end to
               impunity, by bringing to justice without delay perpetrators of grave violations of

4                                                                                07-65572

                                                                                S/RES/1794 (2007)

           human rights and of international humanitarian law, with special attention to those
           responsible for recruitment and use of children as well as for grave violations
           against women and children, in particular sexual violence, to fully support the
           human rights mapping exercise initiated in the country by the High Commissioner
           for Human Rights, and to establish a vetting mechanism to take into account when
           they select candidates for official positions, including key posts in the armed forces,
           national police and other security services, the candidates’ past actions in terms of
           respect for international humanitarian law and human rights;
                 16. Recalls MONUC’s mandate to assist in the promotion and protection of
           human rights, investigate human rights violations with a view to putting an end to
           impunity, assist in the development and implementation of a transitional justice
           strategy, and cooperate in national and international efforts to bring to justice
           perpetrators of grave violations of human rights and international humanitarian law;
                 17. Reaffirms the obligation of all parties to comply fully with the relevant
           rules and principles of international humanitarian law relating to the protection of
           humanitarian and United Nations personnel, and also demands that all parties
           concerned grant immediate, full and unimpeded access by humanitarian personnel to
           all persons in need of assistance, as provided for in applicable international law;
                18. Requests MONUC, in view of the scale and severity of sexual violence
           committed especially by armed elements in the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
           to undertake a thorough review of its efforts to prevent and respond to sexual
           violence, and to pursue a comprehensive mission-wide strategy, in close cooperation
           with the United Nations Country Team and other partners, to strengthen prevention,
           protection, and response to sexual violence, including through training for the
           Congolese security forces in accordance with its mandate, and to regularly report,
           including in a separate annex if necessary, on actions taken in this regard, including
           factual data and trend analyses of the problem;
                19. Encourages MONUC to enhance its interaction with the civilian
           population, in particular internally displaced persons, to raise awareness about its
           mandate and activities;
                 20. Takes note of the benchmarks presented by the Secretary-General for a
           future gradual drawdown of MONUC, encourages MONUC to focus the activities
           of all its components on helping the Congolese authorities to achieve those
           benchmarks, and requests the Secretary-General to further develop the benchmarks
           and to report regularly to the Council on the progress made in this regard, including
           on the application of the United Nations integrated missions planning process
           (IMPP);
                 21. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to report regularly, and at
           least every three months, on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
           and on MONUC’s activities, including on the issues referred to in paragraphs 7, 18
           and 20 above;
                22.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

07-65572                                                                                5

Security Council resolution 1794 (2007) [on extension of the mandate and capacity of the UN Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC)]

Congo, The Democratic Republic of the|Congo|Rwanda|Tanzania, United Republic of|Uganda

UN Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Forces démocratiques de libération du Rwanda|Lord's Resistance Army (Uganda)|Democratic Republic of the Congo. Forces armées|UN Country Team (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|UN High Commissioner for Human Rights|Round Table on Peace, Security and Development in the Kivus (Proposed)|Nairobi Joint Communiqué (2007)|Ngurdoto Agreement (2007)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|PEACEBUILDING|INTERNAL SECURITY|SECURITY SECTOR REFORM|MILITARY DEMOBILIZATION|KIVU (DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO)|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION|MILITARY PERSONNEL|POLICE|CIVILIAN PERSONS|CHILD SOLDIERS|CHILDREN IN ARMED CONFLICTS|DISARMAMENT|ARMED FORCES|GOOD OFFICES|ELECTION VERIFICATION|RULE OF LAW|IMPUNITY|CRIMINAL JUSTICE|HUMAN RIGHTS MONITORING|INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW|HUMAN RIGHTS|HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS|TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE|RELIEF PERSONNEL|STAFF SECURITY|SEX CRIMES|DISPLACED PERSONS

S/62 [102] DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION
S/62 [105] UN ORGANIZATION MISSION IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/1795 (2008)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                15 January 2008

               Resolution 1795 (2008)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5820th meeting, on
               15 January 2008

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions, in particular resolutions 1739 (2007) and
               1765 (2007), and the statements of its President relating to the situation in Côte
               d’Ivoire,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity and unity of Côte d’Ivoire, and recalling the importance of the principles of
               good-neighbourliness, non-interference and regional cooperation,
                     Recalling that it endorsed the Agreement signed by President Laurent Gbagbo
               and Mr. Guillaume Soro in Ouagadougou on 4 March 2007 (“the Ouagadougou
               political Agreement”, S/2007/144), and that it has supported the appointment of
               Mr. Guillaume Soro as Prime Minister,
                     Expressing again its appreciation to the Chairperson of the Economic
               Community of West African States (ECOWAS) President Blaise Compaoré of
               Burkina Faso (“the Facilitator”) for his continued efforts to facilitate the inter-Ivorian direct dialogue that led, in particular, to the signing of the Ouagadougou
               political Agreement, commending and encouraging the continued efforts of the
               African Union and ECOWAS to promote peace and stability in Côte d’Ivoire, and
               reiterating its full support for them,
                     Reiterating its strong condemnation of any attempt to destabilize the peace
               process by force, in particular the attack committed on 29 June 2007 in Bouaké
               against the Prime Minister of the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire, Mr. Guillaume Soro,
               that resulted in several deaths, and stressing that the perpetrators of such criminal
               acts must be brought to justice,
                    Having taken note of the report of the Secretary-General dated 3 January 2008
               (S/2008/1),
                     Reiterating its firm condemnation of all violations of human rights and
               international humanitarian law in Côte d’Ivoire,
                    Recalling its resolution 1612 (2005) on children and armed conflict and the
               subsequent conclusions of the Security Council Working Group on Children and

08-20746 (E)
*0820746*

S/RES/1795 (2008)

               Armed Conflict pertaining to parties in the armed conflict of Côte d’Ivoire
               (S/2007/93),
                      Recalling also its resolution 1325 (2000) on Women, Peace and Security, and
               its resolution 1674 (2006) on the protection of civilians in armed conflict,
                     Welcoming the establishment, as agreed by the parties at the meeting of the
               evaluation and monitoring committee of 11 May 2007 and the Facilitator, of an
               international consultative organ to accompany the Ivorian political forces and the
               Facilitator in the implementation of the Ouagadougou political Agreement, and
               stressing the importance of this organ participating in the meetings of the evaluation
               and monitoring committee, as an observer, and recalling that it may be consulted at
               any time by the Facilitator,
                     Welcoming the success of the donors’ round table of 18 July 2007 and
               emphasizing the importance of the continuing support of the United Nations system
               and the international community for strengthening the capacity of the Government
               of Côte d’Ivoire and of the electoral bodies in order to organize the presidential and
               legislative elections,
                     Determining that the situation in Côte d’Ivoire continues to pose a threat to
               international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                    1.    Welcomes Supplementary Agreements number 2 and 3 signed by
               President Laurent Gbagbo and Mr. Guillaume Soro in Ouagadougou on
               28 November 2007 (“the Supplementary Agreements”) under the facilitation of
               President Blaise Compaoré of Burkina Faso;
                    2.   Takes note of the recommendations of the African Union in this regard,
               endorses the Supplementary Agreements, calls upon the Ivorian parties to
               implement the Supplementary Agreements and the Ouagadougou political
               Agreement fully, in good faith and within the amended time frame set out in these
               Agreements, which will require the Ivorian parties to redouble their efforts, and
               encourages the international community to bring continued support to this effect;
                     3.    Commends the Facilitator for his continued efforts to support the peace
               process and encourages the Ivorian parties to make further concrete progress, in
               particular in the identification of the Ivorian population and registration of voters,
               the disarmament and dismantling of militias, the disarmament, demobilization and
               reintegration programme, the unification and restructuring of defence and security
               forces and the restoration of State authority throughout the country;
                     4.   Decides to renew the mandates of the United Nations Operation in Côte
               d’Ivoire (UNOCI) and of the French forces which support it, as determined in
               resolution 1739 (2007), until 30 July 2008, in order to support the organization in
               Côte d’Ivoire of free, open, fair and transparent elections within the time frame set
               out in the Ouagadougou political Agreement and the Supplementary Agreements of
               28 November 2007;
                    5.  Requests UNOCI, within its existing resources and mandate, to support
               the full implementation of the Ouagadougou political Agreement and of
               Supplementary Agreement number 3;

2                                                                                08-20746

                                                                                S/RES/1795 (2008)

                 6.  Calls upon all concerned parties to ensure that the protection of women
           and children is addressed in the implementation of the Ouagadougou political
           Agreement as well as the post-conflict reconstruction and recovery phases,
           including continued monitoring and reporting of the situation of women and
           children;
                 7.   Also invites the signatories of the Ouagadougou political Agreement to
           take the necessary steps to protect vulnerable civilian populations, including by
           guaranteeing the voluntary return, reinstallation, reintegration and security of
           displaced persons, with the support of the United Nations system, and to fulfil in
           this regard their commitments in accordance with the Ouagadougou political
           Agreement and their obligations under international humanitarian law;
                 8.   Expresses its intention to review by 30 July 2008 the mandates of
           UNOCI and the French forces which support it, as well as the level of troops of
           UNOCI, in the light of the progress achieved in the implementation of the key steps
           of the peace process, and requests the Secretary-General to provide to it a report on
           these key steps three weeks before this date;
                 9.    Gives its full support to the efforts of the Special Representative of the
           Secretary-General in Côte d’Ivoire and recalls that he shall certify that all stages of
           the electoral process provide all the necessary guarantees for the holding of open,
           free, fair and transparent presidential and legislative elections in accordance with
           international standards;
                10. Requests the Secretary-General to keep it regularly informed in particular
           on the preparation of the electoral process, including registration of voters, and
           notably by providing to it a report in this regard no later than 15 April 2008, and
           welcomes the establishment by UNOCI of a certification support cell to assist the
           Special Representative in fulfilling this task;
                 11. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to take the necessary
           measures to ensure full compliance in UNOCI with the United Nations zerotolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuses and to keep the Council
           informed, and urges troop-contributing countries to take appropriate preventive
           action including predeployment awareness training, and other action to ensure full
           accountability in cases of such conduct involving their personnel;
                12. Recalls the importance of the provisions of the Ouagadougou political
           Agreement and of the Supplementary Agreements, including paragraph 8.1 of the
           Ouagadougou political Agreement and paragraphs 8 and 9 of Supplementary
           Agreement number 3, and urges the Ivorian political forces to rely on the mediation
           by the Facilitator, for any major difficulty concerning the electoral process;
                 13. Encourages the Facilitator to continue to support the process to settle the
           crisis in Côte d’Ivoire, and requests UNOCI to continue to assist him and his
           Special Representative in Abidjan, Mr. Boureima Badini, in the conduct of the
           facilitation, including by helping the Facilitator, as appropriate and upon his request,
           to carry out his arbitration role according to the provisions of paragraph 8.1 of the
           Ouagadougou political Agreement and paragraphs 8 and 9 of the Supplementary
           Agreement number 3;
                14.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

08-20746                                                                                3

Security Council resolution 1795 (2008) [on renewal of the mandates of the UN Operation in Côte d'Ivoire (UNOCI) and of the French forces which support it]

UN Operation in Côte d'Ivoire|Force Licorne (France)|UN Operation in Côte d'Ivoire > Terms of reference|Force Licorne (France) > Terms of reference|UN. High Representative for the Elections in Côte d'Ivoire|UN. Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Côte d'Ivoire|Facilitator of the Peace Process in Côte d'Ivoire|Ouagadougou Political Agreement (2007)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|ELECTIONS|PEACEBUILDING|INTERNAL SECURITY|CÔTE D'IVOIRE|MILITARY PERSONNEL|FRANCE|VOTER REGISTRATION|WOMEN IN ARMED CONFLICTS|CHILDREN IN ARMED CONFLICTS|DISPLACED PERSONS|REPATRIATION|SOCIAL INTEGRATION|POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION|ELECTION VERIFICATION|SEX CRIMES|CODES OF CONDUCT|MILITARY PERSONNEL|TROOP-CONTRIBUTING STATES

S/63 [196] CÔTE D'IVOIRE--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/63 [198] UN OPERATION IN CÔTE D'IVOIRE


               United Nations                                                                 S/RES/1796 (2008)
               Security Council                                               Distr.: General
                                                                              23 January 2008

               Resolution 1796 (2008)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 5825th meeting, on
               23 January 2008

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling Security Council resolution 1740 of 23 January 2007,
                     Recalling the signing on 21 November 2006 by the Government of Nepal and
               the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) of a Comprehensive Peace Agreement, and
               the stated commitment of both parties to transforming the existing ceasefire into a
               permanent and sustainable peace and commending the steps taken to date to
               implement the Agreement,
                    Reaffirming the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of
               Nepal and its ownership of the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace
               Agreement and subsequent agreements,
                    Expressing its continued readiness to support the peace process in Nepal in the
               timely and effective implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement and
               subsequent agreements,
                     Recognizing the strong desire of the Nepalese people for peace and the
               restoration of democracy and the importance in this respect of the implementation of
               the Comprehensive Peace Agreement and subsequent agreements,
                    Recognizing that civil society can play an important role in conflict
               prevention,
                    Welcoming the report of the Secretary-General of 3 January 2008 (S/2008/5)
               on the United Nations Mission in Nepal (UNMIN), in accordance with his mandate,
                    Welcoming the 23-point agreement reached by the seven party alliance on
               23 December 2007 with a view to holding Constituent Assembly elections on
               10 April 2008, and recognizing that the challenging timelines set out in the
               agreement will require efforts among all the parties to build mutual confidence,
                    Recognizing the need to pay special attention to the needs of women, children
               and traditionally marginalized groups in the peace process, as mentioned in the
               Comprehensive Peace Agreement and UNSCR 1325 (2000),
                     Echoing the Secretary-General’s call for all parties in Nepal to move forward
               swiftly in the implementation of the agreements reached,

08-21508 (E)
*0821508*

S/RES/1796 (2008)

                    Noting that the Government of Nepal in its letter to the Secretary-General of
               18 December 2007 (S/2007/789, annex), recognizes UNMIN’s contribution and
               requests an extension of the mandate for six months,
                     Welcoming the completion of two phases of the verification process and
               continuing assistance with the management of arms and armed personnel of both
               sides in accordance with UNSCR 1740 and in line with the provisions of the
               Comprehensive Peace Agreement, and noting the importance of a durable long-term
               solution in helping to create the conditions for completion of UNMIN’s activities
               and noting too in this regard the need to address outstanding issues, including those
               relating to minors,
                    Expressing appreciation for the efforts of the Secretary-General’s Special
               Representative and his team in UNMIN, and the United Nations Country Team,
               including the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights which is
               monitoring human rights at the request of the Government, and stressing the need
               for coordination and complementarity of efforts between the mission and all the
               United Nations actors in the mission area,
                     1.    Decides, following the request from the Government of Nepal and based
               on the Secretary-General’s recommendation, to renew the mandate of UNMIN, as
               set out in UNSCR 1740 (2007), until 23 July 2008;
                     2.   Expresses full support for the Comprehensive Peace Agreement and calls
               upon all parties to maintain momentum in implementation of the Agreement; to
               continue constructive engagement with the United Nations, including reaching an
               early status of mission agreement, and to work together to progress to Constituent
               Assembly elections;
                    3.    Encourages all parties to take full advantage of the expertise and
               readiness of UNMIN, within its existing mandate, to support the peace process;
                     4.    Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Council regularly informed of
               progress towards the implementation of this resolution, and in particular to review
               the activities of UNMIN in light of the elections scheduled for 10 April 2008, taking
               into account the views of the Government of Nepal and the developments on the
               ground;
                     5.   Requests the parties in Nepal to take the necessary steps to promote the
               safety, security and freedom of movement of UNMIN and associated personnel in
               executing the tasks defined in the mandate;
                    6.    Decides to remain seized of the matter.

2                                                                                08-21508

Security Council resolution 1796 (2008) [on renewal of the mandate of the UN Mission in Nepal (UNMIN)]

UN Political Mission in Nepal|Nepal. Constituent Assembly|Comprehensive Peace Agreement between the Government of Nepal and the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (2006)|POLITICAL CONDITIONS|PEACEBUILDING|ELECTION VERIFICATION|NEPAL|MINORS|WEAPONS TRACING|WEAPONS SURRENDER|STAFF SECURITY|FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT

S/63 [169] NEPAL--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/63 [170] UN POLITICAL MISSION IN NEPAL