               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2384 (2017)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               7 November 2017

               Resolution 2384 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8089th meeting, on
               7 November 2017
                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling all its previous relevant resolutions concerning the conflicts in the
               Former Yugoslavia and relevant statements of its President, including resolutions
               1031 (1995) of 15 December 1995, 1088 (1996) of 12 December 1996, 1423 (2002)
               of 12 July 2002, 1491 (2003) of 11 July 2003, 1551 (2004) of 9 July 2004, 1575
               (2004) of 22 November 2004, 1639 (2005) of 21 November 2005, 1722 (2006) of
               21 November 2006, 1764 (2007) of 29 June 2007, 1785 (2007) of 21 November
               2007, 1845 (2008) of 20 November 2008, 1869 (2009) of 25 March 2009, 1895
               (2009) of 18 November 2009, 1948 (2010) of 18 November 2010, 2019 (2011) of
               16 November 2011, 2074 (2012) of 14 November 2012, 2123 (2013) of
               12 November 2013, 2183 (2014) of 11 November 2014, 2247 (2015) of
               10 November 2015, and 2315 (2016) of 8 November 2016,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to the political settlement of the conflicts in the
               Former Yugoslavia, preserving the sovereignty and territoria l integrity of all States
               there within their internationally recognized borders,
                     Underlining its commitment to support the implementation of the General
               Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the annexes
               thereto (collectively the Peace Agreement, S/1995/999, Annex), as well as the
               relevant decisions of the Peace Implementation Council (PIC),
                    Noting the reports of the High Representative, including his latest report of
               24 October 2017,
                     Noting positively that the initial implementation of the Reform Agenda,
               adopted by Bosnia and Herzegovina in July 2015, has provided the first steps of
               structural adjustment to the economy of the country,
                     Encouraging the authorities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with the support of
               the international community, to accelerate their efforts to address the disposal of
               excess ammunition,
                     Recalling all the agreements concerning the status of forces referred to in
               Appendix B to Annex 1-A of the Peace Agreement, and reminding the parties of
               their obligation to continue to comply therewith,

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                    Further recalling the provisions of its resolution 1551 (2004) concerning the
               provisional application of the status of forces agreements contained in Appendix B
               to Annex 1-A of the Peace Agreement,
                    Welcoming the continued presence of EUFOR ALTHEA, successfully focusing
               on capacity-building and training while also retaining the capability to contribute to
               the Bosnia and Herzegovina authorities’ deterrence capacity if the situation so
               requires,
                    Reiterating its calls on the competent authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina to
               take necessary steps to complete the 5+2 agenda, which remains necessary for
               closure of the Office of the High Representative, as confirmed by the PIC Steering
               Board communiqués,
                     Reaffirming provisions concerning the High Representative as set out in its
               previous resolutions, and further reaffirming Article V of Annex 10 of the Peace
               Agreement regarding the High Representative’s final authority in theatre in the
               interpretation of the civilian implementation of the Agreement,
                    Taking note of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s leadership’s commitment towards a
               European perspective, on the basis of the Peace Agreement, including through the
               submission of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s EU membership application in February
               2016 and through the work done to answer the EU Commission’s Opinion
               questionnaire through the coordination mechanism on EU matters,
                     Reiterating its calls to all Bosnia and Herzegovina’s political leaders to
               advance reconciliation and mutual understanding and to refrain from polarizing
               policies, actions and rhetoric,
                    Noting that the pace of implementation of the Reform Agenda has slowed down
               over the last months and underscoring the urgency to step up the implementation of
               comprehensive reforms, in an inclusive manner, to the benefit of all citizens,
                     Emphasizing the need for Bosnia and Herzegovina to step up efforts regarding
               the functioning and independence of the judiciary, the fight against corruption and
               organized crime and the fight against terrorism and prevention of radicalization,
                    Underscoring the urgency to address outstanding OSCE-ODIHR
               recommendations to improve the electoral framework and related rulings of the
               Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the European Court of Human
               Rights and emphasizing electoral reforms should be approached in a spirit of
               consensus and dialogue and should move the country towards modern democratic
               standards,
                    Encouraging the parties to implement Bosnia and Herzegovina’s National
               Action Plan on Women Peace and Security in an inclusive manner and looking
               forward to its continuation,
                    Taking note of the EU’s planned strategic review in autumn 2017,
                    Recognizing that the security environment has remained calm and stable, and
               noting that the Bosnia and Herzegovina authorities have so far proven capable to
               deal with threats to the safe and secure environment,
                     Determining that the situation in the region continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                    1.   Reiterates that the primary responsibility for the further successful
               implementation of the Peace Agreement lies with all the authorities in Bosnia and
               Herzegovina themselves and notes the continued willingness of the international
               community and major donors to support them in implementing the Peace
               Agreement, and calls upon all the authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovi na to fully

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           cooperate with the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, as
           well as with the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals, in order
           to complete its work in view of the forthcoming closure of the International
           Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia;
               2.  Welcomes the EU’s readiness to maintain an EU military operation
           (EUFOR ALTHEA) in Bosnia and Herzegovina from November 2017;
                 3.    Authorizes the Member States acting through or in cooperation with the
           EU to establish for a further period of twelve months, starting from the date of the
           adoption of this resolution, a multinational stabilization force (EUFOR ALTHEA) as
           a legal successor to SFOR under unified command and control, which will fulfil its
           missions in relation to the implementation of Annex 1 -A and Annex 2 of the Peace
           Agreement in cooperation with the NATO Headquarters presence in accordance
           with the arrangements agreed between NATO and the EU as communicated to the
           Security Council in their letters of 19 November 2004, which recognize that
           EUFOR ALTHEA will have the main peace stabilization role under the military
           aspects of the Peace Agreement;
                 4.   Decides to renew the authorization provided by paragraph 11 of its
           resolution 2183 (2014) for a further period of twelve months starting from the date
           of adoption of this resolution;
                 5.    Authorizes the Member States acting under paragraph 3 and 4 above to
           take all necessary measures to effect the implementation of and to ensure
           compliance with annexes 1-A and 2 of the Peace Agreement, stresses that the parties
           shall continue to be held equally responsible for the compliance with that ann ex and
           shall be equally subject to such enforcement action by EUFOR ALTHEA and the
           NATO presence as may be necessary to ensure implementation of those annexes and
           the protection of EUFOR ALTHEA and the NATO presence;
                 6.    Authorizes Member States to take all necessary measures, at the request
           of either EUFOR ALTHEA or the NATO Headquarters, in defence of the EUFOR
           ALTHEA or NATO presence respectively, and to assist both organizations in
           carrying out their missions, and recognizes the right of both EUFOR ALTHEA and
           the NATO presence to take all necessary measures to defend themselves from attack
           or threat of attack;
                 7.   Authorizes the Member States acting under paragraph 3 and 4 above, in
           accordance with annex 1-A of the Peace Agreement, to take all necessary measures
           to ensure compliance with the rules and procedures governing command and control
           of airspace over Bosnia and Herzegovina with respect to all civilian and military air
           traffic;
                8.    Urges the parties to step up the implementation of comprehensive
           reforms, in an inclusive manner, to the benefit of all citizens and in line with the
           European perspective the country is committed to, and, in this regard, further calls
           on them to refrain from any polarizing policy, action and rhetoric;
                9.    Urges the parties, in accordance with the Peace Agreement, to abide to
           their commitment to cooperate fully with all institutions involved in the
           implementation of this peace settlement, as described in the Peace Agreement,
           including Annex 4;
                 10. Reaffirms that under the Peace Agreement, Bosnia and Herzegovina
           consists of two entities, which exist legally by virtue of the Bosnia and Herzegovina
           Constitution, and further reaffirms that any change to the Constitution must be made
           in accordance with the amendment procedure prescribed therein;
                11.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2384 (2017) [on renewal of the authorization of the European Union-led Multinational Stabilization Force (EUFOR ALTHEA) in Bosnia and Herzegovina for a period of 12 months]

EUFOR|NATO|Agreement on Implementing the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1995)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEBUILDING|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA|BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA SITUATION|FORMER YUGOSLAVIA SITUATION

S/72 [60] FORMER YUGOSLAVIA SITUATION
S/72 [62] BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA SITUATION


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2385 (2017)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                14 November 2017

               Resolution 2385 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8099th meeting, on
               14 November 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling all its previous resolutions and statements of its President on the
               situation in Somalia and Eritrea, in particular resolutions 733 (1992), 1844 (2008),
               1907 (2009), 2036 (2012), 2023 (2011), 2093 (2013), 2111 (2013), 2124 (2013),
               2125 (2013), 2142 (2014), 2182 (2014), 2244 (2015) and 2317 (2016),
                    Taking note of the final reports of the Somalia and Eritrea Monitoring Group
               (the SEMG) on Somalia (S/2017/924) and Eritrea (S/2017/925) and their
               conclusions on the situations in both Somalia and Eritrea,
                     Reaffirming its respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, political
               independence and unity of Somalia, Djibouti and Eritrea respectively, and
               underscoring the importance of working to prevent destabilizing effects of regional
               crises and disputes from spilling over into Somalia,
                     Condemning any flows of weapons and ammunition supplies to and through
               Somalia in violation of the arms embargo on Somalia, including when they
               undermine the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Somalia, and to Eritrea in
               violation of the arms embargo on Eritrea, as a serious threat to peace and stability in
               the region,
                    Expressing concern that Al-Shabaab continues to pose a serious threat to the
               peace and stability of Somalia and the region, and expressing concern at the
               emergence of, and growing threat of, affiliates of ISIL (also known as Da’esh),
                     Reaffirming the need to combat by all means, in accordance with the Charter
               of the United Nations and international law, including applicable international
               human rights law, international refugee law, and international humanitarian law,
               threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts,
                     Welcoming the further improved relationship between the Federal Government
               of Somalia (FGS), Federal Member States (FMS), and the SEMG, and underlining
               the importance of these relationships improving further and strengthening in the
               future,
                    Welcoming the FGS and FMS’s political agreement reached on 16 April 2017
               on a National Security Architecture to integrate regional and federal forces, the

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               Security Pact, agreed at the London Conference and looking forward to the Security
               Conference to be held in Mogadishu in December 2017,
                     Welcoming the efforts of the FGS to improve its notifications to the Committee
               pursuant to resolutions 751 (1992) and 1907 (2009) concerning Somalia and Eritrea
               (“the Committee”), urging further progress in the future, particularly in relation to
               post-delivery notifications, and recalling that improved arms and ammunition
               management in Somalia is a fundamental component of greater peace and stability
               for the region,
                     Taking note of the efforts of the FGS to restore key economic and financial
               institutions, increase domestic revenue and implement financial governance and
               structural reforms; welcoming the passing of a landmark telecommunications bill
               together with progress on the anti-corruption bill; and highlighting the importance
               of continual progress in these areas,
                    Underlining the importance of financial propriety in contributing to stability
               and prosperity and stressing the need for a zero tolerance approach to corruption to
               promote transparency and increase mutual accountability in Somalia,
                     Expressing serious concern at reports of illegal, unreported and unregulated
               fishing in waters where Somalia has jurisdiction, underlining the importance of
               refraining from illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, welcoming further
               reporting on the matter, and encouraging the FGS, with the support of the
               international community, to ensure that fishing licenses are issued in a responsible
               manner and in line with the appropriate Somali legal framework,
                     Expressing serious concern at the ongoing difficulties in delivering
               humanitarian aid in Somalia, and condemning in the strongest terms any party
               obstructing the delivery of humanitarian assistance, as well as the misappropriation
               or diversion of any humanitarian funds or supplies,
                      Recalling that the FGS has the primary responsibility to protect its population,
               and recognizing the FGS’ responsibility, working with the FMS to build the capacity
               of its own national security forces, as a matter of priority,
                     Taking note of the three meetings between the representative of the
               Government of Eritrea and the SEMG, expressing concern that the SEMG has not
               been able to visit Eritrea since 2011 and fully discharge its mandate, and
               underlining that deepened cooperation will help the Security Council fully assess
               Eritrea’s compliance with the relevant Security Council resolutions,
                     Expressing concern over reports by the SEMG of ongoing Eritrean support for
               certain regional armed groups, and encouraging the SEMG to provide further
               detailed reporting and evidence on support for armed groups in the region,
                     Welcoming the release of four prisoners of war by Eritrea in March 2016,
               expressing concern at ongoing reports of Djiboutian combatants missing in act ion
               since the clashes in 2008, calling on Eritrea and Djibouti to continue to engage in
               resolving the issues of combatants, and urging Eritrea to share any further available
               detailed information pertaining to the combatants, including to the SEMG,
                     Welcoming the restraint shown by both Eritrea and Djibouti with regard to the
               situation on their shared border following the withdrawal of Qatari forces, recalling
               the African Union’s deployment of a fact finding mission to the Djibouti border
               following the withdrawal of Qatari forces, noting that the fact-finding mission
               visited Djibouti and is yet to visit Asmara, and welcoming the call by the Assembly
               of the African Union in July 2017 to encourage the Chairperson of the Commission,
               with the necessary support of the two countries, to pursue efforts towards
               normalization of relations and good neighbourhood between Djibouti and Eritrea,

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                 Underlining the importance it attaches to all Member States complying with
           the terms of the arms embargo imposed on Eritrea by resolution 1907 (2009),
                Determining that the situation in Somalia, as well as the dispute between
           Djibouti and Eritrea, continues to constitute a threat to international peace and
           security in the region,
                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

           Arms embargo
                 1.   Reaffirms the arms embargo on Somalia, imposed by paragraph 5 of
           resolution 733 (1992) and further elaborated upon in paragraphs 1 and 2 of
           resolution 1425 (2002) and modified by paragraphs 33 to 38 of resolution 2093
           (2013) and paragraphs 4 to 17 of resolution 2111 (2013), paragraph 14 of resolution
           2125 (2013), paragraph 2 of resolution 2142 (2014), and paragraph 2 of resolution
           2244 (2015), and paragraph 2 of resolution 2317 (2016) (hereafter referred to as
           “the arms embargo on Somalia”);
                 2.   Decides to renew the provisions set out in paragraph 2 of resolution 2142
           (2014) until 15 November 2018, and in that context reiterates that the arms embargo
           on Somalia shall not apply to deliveries of weapons, ammunition or military
           equipment or the provision of advice, assistance or training, intended solely for the
           development of the Somali National Security Forces, to provide security for the
           Somali people, except in relation to deliveries of the items set out in the annex of
           resolution 2111 (2013);
                 3.   Reaffirms that the entry into Somali ports for temporary visits of vessels
           carrying arms and related materiel for defensive purposes does not amount to a
           delivery of such items in violation of the arms embargo on Somalia, provided that
           such items remain at all times aboard such vessels;
                 4.    Reiterates that weapons or military equipment sold or supplied solely for
           the development of the Somali National Security Forces may not be resold to,
           transferred to, or made available for use by, any individual or entity not in the
           service of the Somali National Security Forces, and underlines the responsibility of
           the FGS to ensure the safe and effective management, storage and security of their
           stockpiles;
                 5.   Welcomes in this regard the initial improvements by the FGS, of a more
           rigorous weapons registration, recording and marking procedure, expresses concern
           at reports of continued weapons diversion from within the FGS and FMS,
           encourages further improvements, notes that further improved weapons
           management is vital in order to prevent the diversion of weapons, and reiterates that
           the Security Council is committed to monitoring and assessing improvements in
           order to review the arms embargo when all conditions as set out in Security Council
           resolutions are met;
                6.   Welcomes the efforts of the FGS to develop detailed Standard Operating
           Procedures for weapons and ammunition management including an issue and receipt
           system to track all weapons post distribution, and urges the FGS to finalize and
           implement these procedures as soon as possible;
                 7.   Further welcomes the efforts of the FGS in establishing the Joint
           Verification Team (JVT) and urges Member States to support improved weapons
           and ammunition management to improve the capacity of the FGS to manage
           weapons and ammunition;
                8.    Welcomes the improvement in FGS reporting to the Security Council
           pursuant to paragraph 9 of resolution 2182 (2014) and as requested in paragraph 7

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               of resolution 2244 (2015), calls on the FGS and FMS to implement the National
               Security Architecture, and the Security Pact, agreed at the London Conference on
               Somalia which set out to provide Somali-led security and protection to the people of
               Somalia, and requests the FGS to report to the Security Council in accordance with
               paragraph 9 of resolution 2182 (2014) and as requested in paragraph 7 of resolution
               2244 (2015) on the structure, composition, strength and disposition of its Security
               Forces, including the status of regional and militia forces by 30 March 2018 and
               then by 30 September 2018;
                     9.    Recalls that the FGS has the primary responsibility to notify the
               Committee, pursuant to paragraphs 3 to 8 of resolution 2142 (2014), welcomes the
               efforts of the FGS in improving its notifications to the Committee;
                     10. Calls upon the FGS to improve the timeliness and content of
               notifications regarding the completion of deliveries, as set out in paragraph 6 of
               resolution 2142 (2014) and the destination unit upon distribution of imported arms
               and ammunition, as set out by paragraph 7 of resolution 2142 (2014);
                     11. Stresses Member States’ obligations pursuant to the notification
               procedures set out in paragraph 11 (a) of resolution 2111 (2013), underlines the
               need for Member States to strictly follow the notification procedures for providing
               assistance to develop Somali security sector institutions, and encourages Member
               States to consider the Implementation Assistance Notice of 14 March 2016 as a
               guide;
                     12. Recalls paragraph 2 of resolution 2142 (2014) and notes that support for
               the development of the Somali National Security Forces may include, inter alia,
               building infrastructure and provision of salaries and stipends solely provided to the
               Somali National Security Forces;
                     13. Urges increased cooperation by Africa Union Mission in Somalia
               (AMISOM), as set out in paragraph 6 of resolution 2182 (2014), to document and
               register all military equipment captured as part of offensive operations or in the
               course of carrying out their mandates, involving other Somali National Security
               Forces as appropriate;
                     14. Calls upon the FGS and FMS to enhance civilian oversight of its
               Security Forces, to adopt and implement appropriate vetting procedures of all
               defence and security personnel, including human rights vetting, in particular
               through investigation and prosecuting individuals responsible for viol ations of
               international law, including international humanitarian law, and in this context
               recalls the importance of the Secretary-General’s Human Rights and Due Diligence
               Policy in relation to the support provided by the United Nations to the Somali
               National Army;
                     15. Requests the SEMG to continue its investigations related to the export to
               Somalia of chemicals that may be used as oxidisers in the manufacture of
               improvised explosive devices, such as the precursors ammonium nitrate, potassium
               chlorate, potassium nitrate and sodium chlorate with a view to considering further
               action, and calls on Members States and the FGS to cooperate with the SEMG in
               this regard;
                     16. Underlines the importance of timely and predictable payment of salaries
               to the Somali security forces and calls on the FGS to implement systems to improve
               the timeliness and accountability of payments and supply of provisions to the
               Somali security forces;
                    17. Recalls the need to build the capacities of the Somali National Security
               Forces, in particular the provision of equipment, training and mentoring, in order to

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           develop credible, professional and representative security forces to enable the
           gradual handing over of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali
           security forces, and encourages further donor support and coordination as set out in
           the Security Pact;
                18. Recalls OP16 and OP17 of resolution 1907 (2009) and recognizes that
           during the course of its current and three previous mandates the SEMG has not
           found conclusive evidence that Eritrea supports Al -Shabaab;
                 19. Further reaffirms the arms embargo on Eritrea imposed by paragraphs 5
           and 6 of resolution 1907 (2009) (hereafter referred to as “the arms embargo on
           Eritrea”);

           Threats to peace and security
                20. Expresses concern at the continued reports of corruption and diversion of
           public resources which pose a risk to State-building efforts, expresses serious
           concern at reports of financial impropriety involving members of the FGS, FMS and
           Federal Parliament, which pose a risk to State-building efforts, and in this context
           underlines that individuals engaged in acts which threaten the peace and
           reconciliation process in Somalia may be listed for targeted measures;
                 21. Welcomes the efforts which the FGS has made in order to improve its
           financial management procedures including continued engagement between the FGS
           and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), encourages the FGS and FMS to
           maintain the pace of reform and continue the implementation of IMF -recommended
           reforms to support the continuation of a Staff Monitored Programme and increased
           transparency, accountability, comprehensiveness and predictability in revenue
           collection and budget allocations, and expresses concern at the generation and
           distribution of counterfeit Somali currency;
                 22. Recognizes that addressing outstanding constitutional issues around
           power and resource sharing between the FGS and FMS is crucial for Soma lia’s
           stability, emphasizes the importance of Somali leadership to address these issues in
           an inclusive manner, with the FGS and the FMS working constructively together,
           and encourages the FGS and FMS to implement the outstanding elements of the
           National Security Architecture agreement, including decisions around the make -up,
           distribution and command and control of the security forces and resource -sharing;
                23.   Reaffirms Somalia’s sovereignty over its natural resources;
                 24. Reiterates its serious concern that the petroleum sector in Somalia could
           be a driver for increased conflict, and in that context underlines the vital importance
           of the FGS putting in place, without undue delay, resource -sharing arrangements
           and credible legal framework to ensure that the petroleum sector in Somalia does
           not become a source of increased tension;
                25. Expresses serious concern at Al-Shabaab’s increasing reliance on revenue
           from natural resources including the taxing of illicit sugar trade, agricultural
           production, and livestock and further expresses its concern at the group’s
           involvement in the illicit charcoal trade, and looks forward to further SEMG
           reporting on this issue;

           Charcoal ban
                 26. Reaffirms the ban on the import and export of Somali charcoal, as set ou t
           in paragraph 22 of resolution 2036 (2012) (“the charcoal ban”), welcomes efforts of
           Member States to prevent the import of charcoal of Somali origin, reiterates that the
           FGS and FMS shall take the necessary measures to prevent the export of charcoal

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               from Somalia, and urges Member States to continue their efforts to ensure full
               implementation of the ban;
                    27. Reiterates its requests in paragraph 18 of resolution 2111 (2013), that
               AMISOM support and assist the FGS and FMS in implementing the total ban on the
               export of charcoal from Somalia and calls upon AMISOM to facilitate regular
               access for the SEMG to charcoal exporting ports;
                     28. Welcomes the efforts of the Combined Maritime Forces (CMF) in their
               efforts to disrupt the export and import of charcoal to and from Somalia, and further
               welcomes the cooperation between the SEMG and CMF in keeping the Committee
               informed on the charcoal trade;
                     29. Expresses concern that the charcoal trade provides significant funding
               for Al-Shabaab, and in that context reiterates paragraphs 11 to 21 of resolution 2182
               (2014), and further decides to renew the provisions set out in paragraph 15 of
               resolution 2182 (2014) until 15 November 2018;
                    30. Condemns the ongoing export of charcoal from Somalia, in violation of
               the total ban on the export of charcoal, calls on Members States to share
               information with the SEMG, requests the SEMG to focus on this in their next
               report, and propose further measures, taking account of human rights concerns, and
               expresses its intention to consider further measures if violations co ntinue;
                    31. Encourages the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime to continue
               its work, with the FGS, within its current mandate, under the Indian Ocean Forum
               on Maritime Crime to bring together relevant Member States and international
               organizations to develop strategies to disrupt the trade in Somali charcoal;

               Humanitarian access
                     32. Expresses serious concern at the acute humanitarian situation in Somalia
               and the risk of famine, welcomes efforts by the United Nations, the international
               community and the FGS to avert famine, condemns in the strongest terms increased
               attacks against humanitarian actors and any misuse of donor assistance and the
               obstruction of the delivery of humanitarian aid, reiterates its demand that all parties
               allow and facilitate full, safe and unhindered access for the timely delivery of aid to
               persons in need across Somalia and encourages the FGS to improve the regulatory
               environment for aid donors;
                     33. Decides that until 15 November 2018 and without prejudice to
               humanitarian assistance programmes conducted elsewhere, the measures imposed
               by paragraph 3 of resolution 1844 (2008) shall not apply to the payment of funds,
               other financial assets or economic resources necessary to ensure the timely delivery
               of urgently needed humanitarian assistance in Somalia, by the United Nations, its
               specialized agencies or programmes, humanitarian organizations having observer
               status with the United Nations General Assembly that provide humanitarian
               assistance, and their implementing partners including bilaterally or multilaterally
               funded non-governmental organizations participating in the United Nations
               Humanitarian Response Plan for Somalia;
                    34. Requests the Emergency Relief Coordinator to report to the Security
               Council by 15 October 2018 on the delivery of humanitarian assistance in Somalia
               and on any impediments to the delivery of humanitarian assistance in Somalia, and
               requests relevant United Nations agencies and humanitarian organizations having
               observer status with the United Nations General Assembly and their implementing
               partners that provide humanitarian assistance in Somalia to increase their
               cooperation and willingness to share information with the United Nations;

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           Eritrea
                 35. Welcomes the SEMG’s ongoing and significant efforts to engage with the
           Government of Eritrea, in that context recalls the three meetings between the
           Representative of the Government of Eritrea and the SEMG, reiterates its
           expectation that the Government of Eritrea will facilitate the entry of the SEMG to
           Eritrea, to discharge fully its mandate, in line with its repeated requests, including in
           paragraph 52 of resolution 2182 (2014);
                 36. Welcomes recent efforts by the Government of Eritrea to engage with the
           international community, underlines that deepened cooperation will help the
           Security Council be better informed about Eritrea’s compliance wit h the relevant
           Security Council resolutions and enable a review of measures on Eritrea;
                 37. Urges the Government of Eritrea to facilitate visits by the SEMG to
           Eritrea, acknowledges the willingness as expressed by the Government of Eritrea to
           facilitate a visit by the Chair and urges the Government to agree a date as soon as
           possible;
                38. Calls on Eritrea to cooperate fully with the SEMG, in accordance with
           the SEMG’s mandate contained in paragraph 13 of resolution 2060 (2012) and
           updated in paragraph 41 of resolution 2093 (2013);
                 39. Urges Eritrea and Djibouti to engage on the issue of the Djiboutian
           combatants missing in action and urges Eritrea to make available any further
           detailed information including to the SEMG;
                 40. Urges the two parties to continue to maintain an atmosphere of calm and
           restraint and calls on them to seek all available solutions to settle their border
           dispute peacefully in a manner consistent with international law;
                 41. Expresses its intention to keep under regular review measures on Eritrea,
           in light of the upcoming midterm update by the SEMG due by 30 April 2018, taking
           into account relevant Security Council resolutions, and paragraphs 35 to 40 above;

           Somalia
                 42. Recalls resolution 1844 (2008) which imposed targeted sanctions and
           resolutions 2002 (2011) and 2093 (2013) which expanded the listing criteria, and
           notes one of the listing criteria under resolution 1844 (2008) is engaging in or
           providing support for acts that threaten the peace, security or stability of Somalia;
                43. Reiterates its willingness to adopt targeted measures against individuals
           and entities on the basis of the above-mentioned criteria;
                 44. Recalls paragraph 2 (c) of resolution 2060 (2012) and emphasizes that
           certain misappropriation of financial resources is a criterion for designation and
           applies to misappropriation at all levels;
                 45. Reiterates its request for Member States to assist the SEMG in their
           investigations, reiterates that obstructing the investigations or work of the SEMG is
           a criterion for listing under paragraph 15 (e) of resolution 1907 (2009) and further
           requests the FGS, FMS and AMISOM to share information with the SEMG
           regarding Al-Shabaab activities;
                 46. Decides to extend until 15 December 2018 the mandate of the Somalia
           and Eritrea SEMG as set out in paragraph 13 of resolution 2060 (2012) and updated
           in paragraph 41 of resolution 2093 (2013), and expresses its intention to review the
           mandate and take appropriate action regarding the further extension no later than
           15 November 2018;

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                     47. Requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary administrative
               measures as expeditiously as possible to re-establish the SEMG, in consultation
               with the Committee, until 15 December 2018, drawing, as appropriate, on the
               expertise of the members of the SEMG established pursuant to previous resolutions,
               and further requests that administrative support to the SEMG be adjusted, within
               existing resources, to facilitate the delivery of their mandate;
                     48. Requests the SEMG to provide monthly updates to the Committee, and a
               comprehensive midterm update, as well as to submit, for the Security Council’s
               consideration, through the Committee, two final reports; one focusing on Somalia,
               the other on Eritrea by 15 October 2018, covering all the tasks set out in paragraph 13
               of resolution 2060 (2012) and updated in paragraph 41 of resolution 2093 (2013)
               and paragraph 15 of resolution 2182 (2014);
                     49. Requests the Committee, in accordance with its mandate and in
               consultation with the SEMG and other relevant United Nations entities to consider
               the recommendations contained in the reports of the SEMG and recommend to the
               Security Council ways to improve the implementation of and compliance with the
               Somalia and Eritrea arms embargoes, the measures regarding the import and export
               of charcoal from Somalia, as well as implementation of the measures imposed by
               paragraphs 1, 3 and 7 of resolutions 1844 (2008) and paragraphs 5, 6, 8, 10, 12
               and 13 of resolution 1907 (2009) in response to continuing violations;
                     50. Requests the Committee to consider, where and when appropriate, visits
               to selected countries by the Chair and/or Committee members to enhance the full
               and effective implementation of the measures above, with a view to encouraging
               States to comply fully with this resolution;
                    51.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2385 (2017) [on renewal of the provisions of para. 2 of Security Council resolution 2142 (2014) until 15 Nov. 2018 concerning the arms embargo on Somalia and on extension of the mandate of the Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea until 15 Dec. 2018]

Southern Asia|Sub-Saharan Africa|Western Asia

UN. Monitoring Group Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 1519 (2003) and 1907 (2009)|Al-Shabaab (Organization)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|ARMS EMBARGO|INTERNAL SECURITY|SANCTIONS|CHARCOAL|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|SOMALIA|ERITREA|SOMALIA SITUATION

S/72 [84] SOMALIA SITUATION
S/72 [151] ERITREA--POLITICAL CONDITIONS


               United Nations                                                                 S/RES/2386 (2017)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               15 November 2017

               Resolution 2386 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8101st meeting, on
               15 November 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions and its presidential statements on the
               situation in Sudan and South Sudan, and in particular, resolutions 1990 (2011), 2024
               (2011), 2032 (2011), 2046 (2012), 2047 (2012), 2075 (2012), 2104 (2013), 2126
               (2013), 2156 (2014), 2179 (2014), 2205 (2015), 2230 (2015), 2251 (2015), 2287
               (2016), 2318 (2016), and 2352 (2017) as well as presidential statements
               S/PRST/2012/19 and S/PRST/2013/14, and the Council’s press statements of
               18 June 2012, 21 September 2012, 28 September 2012, 6 May 2013, 14 June 2013,
               14 February 2014, 17 March 2014, 11 December 2014, and 27 November 2015,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of Sudan and South Sudan, and to the purposes and the
               principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and recalling the importance of the
               principles of good neighbourliness, non-interference and regional cooperation,
                     Reiterating that the territorial boundaries of States shall not be altered by
               force, and that any territorial disputes shall be settled exclusively by peaceful
               means, affirming the priority it attaches to the full and urgent implementation of all
               outstanding issues from the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), and
               underscoring that the future status of Abyei shall be resolved b y negotiations
               between the parties in a manner consistent with the CPA and not by the unilateral
               actions of either party,
                    Recalling the commitments made by the Government of Sudan and the
               Government of South Sudan in the 20 June 2011 Agreement between th e
               Government of Sudan and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement on Temporary
               Arrangements for the Administration and Security of the Abyei Area, the 29 June
               2011 Agreement between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of
               South Sudan on Border Security and the Joint Political and Security Mechanism
               (JPSM), and the 30 July 2011 Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission
               between the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan, as well as
               the 27 September 2012 Agreements on Cooperation and Security Arrangements, the
               JPSM’s 8 March 2013 decision, and the Implementation Matrix of 12 March 2013,
               reached by the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan in Addis
               Ababa under the auspices of the African Union High-level Implementation Panel

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               (AUHIP), as well as the extraordinary meetings of the JPSM in October 2015 and
               May 2017 and the ordinary session of the JPSM in June 2016 and October 2017,
                     Encouraging progress on improving bilateral relations between Sudan and
               South Sudan, and stressing the need for regular meetings of the JPSM and other
               joint mechanisms, including the Joint Border Commission and Joint Demarcation
               Committee, to enable dialogue and coordination on matters of border security, and
               recognizing cooperation between Sudan and South Sudan on refugees, humanitarian
               corridors, and trade,
                    Urging the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to reinvigorate progress
               towards implementing the Temporary Arrangements for the Administration and
               Security of the Abyei Area as set out in the 20 June 2011 Agreement,
                     Expressing its full support for the efforts of the African Union on the situation
               between the Republic of Sudan and the Republic of South Sudan, in order to ease
               the current tension, facilitate the resumption of negotiations on post-secession
               relations and the normalization of their relations, and stressing the importance of the
               African Union’s continued engagement,
                     Reaffirming its previous resolutions 1265 (1999), 1296 (2000), 1674 (2006),
               1738 (2006), 1894 (2009) 2175 (2014) and 2222 (2015) on the protection of
               civilians in armed conflict; 1612 (2005), 1882 (2009), 1998 (2011), 2068 (2012),
               2143 (2014) and 2223 (2015) on children and armed conflict; 1502 (2003) on the
               protection of humanitarian and United Nations personnel; and 1325 (2000), 1820
               (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009), 1960 (2010), 2106 (2013), 2122 (2013), and
               2242 (2015) on women, peace and security,
                     Stressing the need for effective human rights monitoring and reporting,
               including of any sexual and gender-based violence and violations and abuses
               committed against women and children, taking note that there have been no
               developments with regard to the operationalization of human rights monitoring in
               the Abyei Area, and reiterating its concern at the lack of cooperation by the parties
               with the Secretary-General to this end,
                     Recalling that its resolution 2086 (2013) reiterates the importance, when
               establishing and renewing the mandates of United Nations Missions, of including
               provisions on the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of women in
               post-conflict situations and on children and armed conflict, and emphasizing that
               persistent barriers to full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000), and subsequent
               resolutions on women, peace, and security, including 2242 (2015), will only be
               dismantled through dedicated commitment to women’s empowerment, participation,
               and human rights, and through concerted leadership, consistent information and
               action, and support, to build women’s engagement in all levels of decision-making,
                     Acknowledging the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan’s acceptance at the 13–14 October 2015 JPSM meeting of the map presented
               by the AUHIP in November 2011 relating to the Safe Demilitarized Bord er Zone
               (SDBZ), their agreement that the centreline is only the location of the separation
               line between armed forces, as well as the parties’ agreement to activate all
               mechanisms relating to the JPSM as provided for in relevant agreements, and
               encouraging the parties to delineate or agree on the coordinates of, and demilitarize
               the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”, and to fully implement the Joint Border
               Verification and Monitoring Mechanism (JBVMM), in accordance with Security
               Council resolution 2046 (2012) and the AUPSC Roadmap of 24 April 2012, and
               underlining the importance of fully establishing and maintaining effective JBVMM
               monitoring of the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”, and further urging the
               parties to cooperate in allowing the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei

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           (UNISFA) to fulfil its responsibility to provide security for the JBVMM’s mission
           to monitor the SDBZ,
                 Recalling its decision in resolution 2352 (2017) to end the mandate for support
           to the Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Mechanism (JBVMM) unless both
           parties demonstrate through their actions clear commitment and steadfast guarantees
           for the implementation of the JBVMM, in line with steps outlined in paragraph 7 of
           resolution 2352 (2017), including resuming border demarcation discussions, holding
           regular meetings of the JPSM, and granting UNISFA full freedom of movement,
                Recognizing some progress by the parties since May 2017 but regretting the
           lack of significant concrete progress made by both parties on achieving the
           benchmarks for the JBVMM and the unnecessary impediments imposed upon the
           JBVMM, reducing its ability to effectively monitor the SDBZ,
                Noting with concern the absence of local institutions to manage the Abyei Area
           and encouraging continued progress in convening Abyei Joint Oversight Committee
           (AJOC) meetings,
                 Recognizing the importance of regular dialogue between the Governments of
           Sudan and South Sudan, recalling the United Nations Security Council decision in
           resolution 2046 (2012) that the parties must resume immediately negotiations to
           reach agreement on Abyei’s final status under the auspices of the AUHIP, calling
           upon all parties to engage constructively in the process mediated by the AUHIP
           towards final agreement on the final status of the Abyei Area, and stressing that the
           parties must immediately implement pending aspects of the 20 June 2011
           Agreement, in particular to resolve the dispute over the Abyei Area Agreement, and
           to resolve the dispute over the Abyei Area Council, and immediately establish the
           Abyei Area Administration and Abyei Police Service,
                Stressing that both countries and communities will have much to gain if they
           show restraint and choose the path of dialogue instead of resorting to violence or
           provocations,
                 Commending the continued assistance provided to the parties by the AUHIP,
           the Intergovernmental Authority on Development, the Federal Democratic Republic
           of Ethiopia, the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Sudan and South Sudan,
           and UNISFA,
                 Further commending the efforts of UNISFA in effectively carrying out its
           mandate, including by its ongoing facilitation of peaceful migration throughout the
           Abyei Area, conflict prevention, mediation and deterrence, and expressing its deep
           appreciation for the work of the troop-contributing countries, and strongly
           underscoring the unacceptability of any attack on United Nations personnel,
           including the firing on UNISFA patrols in early 2017 by unknown assailants, and
           reiterating that such attacks should be swiftly and thoroughly investigated, and that
           those responsible should be held to account,
                 Taking note of the security situation in the Abyei Area as characterized by the
           17 October 2017 Secretary-General’s report (S/2017/870), and acknowledging
           UNISFA’s contribution to enhanced peace and stability since its deployment and
           expressing its determination to prevent the recurrence of violence against or
           displacements of civilians and to avert intercommunal conflict,
                Reiterating its deep concern regarding the public administration and rule of
           law vacuum in the Abyei Area, due to continued delays in the establishment of the
           Abyei Area Administration and Council and Police, including a special unit to deal
           with particular issues related to nomadic migratio n, which are essential to maintain
           law and order and prevent intercommunal conflict in Abyei, and in this regard,

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               welcoming UNISFA’s efforts to support and strengthen community protection
               committees, and to continue engaging with both governments on this i ssue,
                     Noting with concern the continued delay in establishing the temporary
               institutions and resolving the final status of Abyei and that the continued threat of
               intercommunal violence contributes to heightened tensions in the Abyei Area,
               including those ongoing tensions that prevent UNISFA’s and other agencies’
               Sudanese staff from returning to Abyei,
                     Urging all parties to refrain from any unilateral action that could aggravate
               intercommunal relations within the Abyei Area, expressing concern over the
               continued implications of what the AUPSC described in their 6 November 2013
               press statement as “the decision by the Ngok Dinka to conduct a unilateral
               referendum” and also in this context, taking note that the Government of Sudan
               proceeded with its April 2015 national elections in Abyei,
                     Bearing in mind the current humanitarian situation in which humanitarian
               actors continue to provide assistance to 100,000 people in the Abyei Area and the
               importance of coherence of United Nations assistance in the region, and further
               stressing the urgency of facilitating the delivery of humanitarian assistance to all
               affected populations,
                     Affirming the importance of voluntary, safe, dignified return and sustainable
               reintegration of displaced persons, and of peaceful and orderly migration cycles
               respecting the traditional migratory routes from Sudan to South Sudan through
               Abyei, and urging UNISFA to continue to take measures as necessary to ensure
               security in the Abyei Area in accordance with its mandate,
                     Recalling its resolution 2117 (2013), and expressing grave concern at the
               threat to peace and security in Abyei arising from the illicit transfer, destabilizing
               accumulation and misuse of small arms and light weapons, welcoming the
               completion of infrastructure, systems, and policy for weapons confiscation, storage
               and destruction, and calling on UNISFA to ensure adequate protection of this
               infrastructure,
                    Expressing concern about the residual threat of landmines and explosive
               remnants of war in the Abyei Area, which hinders the safe return of displaced
               persons to their homes, safe migration, and livelihood activities,
                     Taking note of the 28 July 2017 and 17 October 2017 Secretary-General’s
               reports (S/2017/649 and S/2017/870), including the Secretary-General’s call on the
               parties to consolidate the gains achieved by UNISFA at the local level by actively
               engaging in efforts to establish the Abyei Area Administration and Council, and to
               constitute the Abyei Area Police,
                     Recalling that the Security Council welcomed in resolution 2205 (2015) the
               decision of the Secretary-General to appoint a civilian head of mission,
                    Recognizing that the current situation in Abyei and along the border between
               the Sudan and South Sudan continues to constitute a serious threat to international
               peace and security,
                     1.   Decides to extend until 15 May 2018 the mandate of the United Nations
               Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) as set out in paragraph 2 of resolution
               1990 (2011) and acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
               further decides to extend until 15 May 2018 the tasks of UNISFA as set out in
               paragraph 3 of resolution 1990 (2011);
                     2.    Decides to extend until 15 April 2018 UNISFA’s mandate modification
               set forth in resolution 2024 (2011) and paragraph 1 of resolution 2075 (2012), and

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           further decides that this shall be the final such extension unless the parties take the
           specific measures described in paragraph 9;
                 3.   Decides to maintain the authorized troop ceiling of 4,791 until 15 April
           2018, and further decides that as of 15 April 2018, the authorized troop ceiling shall
           decrease to 4,235, unless it decides to extend the mandate modification set forth in
           resolution 2024 (2012) and paragraph 1 of resolution 2075 (2012), in accordance
           with paragraphs 2 and 9;
                 4.    Underscores that continued cooperation between the Government of
           Sudan and Government of South Sudan is also critical for peace, security and
           stability and the future relations between them;
                5.    Further reiterates its demand that Sudan and South Sudan urgently
           commence the establishment of the Abyei Area Administration and Council,
           including by resolving the deadlock over the composition of the Council, and
           constitute the Abyei Police Service, to enable it to take over policing functions
           throughout the Abyei Area, including the protection of oil infrastructure, in
           accordance with their commitments in the 20 June 2011 Agreement;
                 6.   Urges the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to resume direct
           negotiations in order to urgently agree on a final settlement of the Abyei question,
           calls upon the parties to take concrete confidence-building measures to contribute to
           achieving this objective with renewed support from the AUHIP, encourages the
           AUHIP and the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General to continue coordinating
           efforts towards calling for full implementation of the 2011 agreements;
                7.    Takes note of AJOC meetings in May and November 2017, urges the
           implementation of AJOC decisions and the 20 June 2011 Agreement, recalls the
           need for African Union initiatives to support this goal and encourages its renewed
           engagement, and requests the Secretary-General to provide an assessment of
           progress on these issues in his regular reports;
                 8.    Expresses serious concern regarding the delays to fully operationalize the
           JBVMM, recalls the Secretary-General’s benchmarks and recommendations
           regarding JBVMM operations, takes note that continued investment in achieving
           full operational capability of the JBVMM should be based on a set of conditions,
           including resolution of the dispute over the SDBZ, and calls upon the Government
           of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan to make timely and effective use of
           the JBVMM, JPSM and other agreed joint mechanisms to ensure the security and
           transparency of the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”;
               9.    Determines to consider renewing UNISFA’s mandate to support the
           JBVMM should both parties adhere to the specific measures agreed to in the May
           and October 2017 JPSM communiques no later than 15 Marc h 2018, to include
           completing inter alia:
                (1) Facilitating the full freedom of movement for UNISFA air and ground
                patrols, to include landing within the SDBZ, by approving 100 percent of
                requested sorties no later than 72 hours after the requests are deli vered,
                (2)   Opening of Phase I of the border crossing corridors,
                (3) Holding at least one meeting to resume border demarcation discussions,
                including negotiations on the disputed areas within the framework of the
                signed agreements, welcomes the African Union Commission’s efforts in this
                regard and encourages its continued assistance to the parties,
                (4)   Reactivating the ad hoc committee of the 14 mile area,
                (5)   Facilitating the operationalization of the four JBVMM team sites, and,

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                    (6)   Convening at least two meetings of the JPSM to resolve these issues;
                     10. Urges renewed efforts to determine conclusively the SDBZ centreline on
               the ground, and reiterates that the centreline of the SDBZ in no way prejudices the
               current or future legal status of the border, ongoing negotiations on the disputed and
               claimed areas, and demarcation of the borders;
                    11. Underscores that UNISFA’s protection of civilians mandate as set out in
               paragraph 3 of resolution 1990 (2011) includes taking the necessary actions to
               protect civilians under imminent threat of physical violence, irrespective of the
               source of such violence, and commending UNISFA’s efforts in that regard;
                     12. Condemns the intermittent presence of South Sudan security service
               personnel and the deployment of Diffra Oil Police units in the Abyei Area, in
               violation of the 20 June 2011 Agreement, as well as any entry of armed militias into
               the territory, and reiterates its demands that immediately and without preconditions
               the Government of South Sudan fully redeploy its security service personnel from
               the Abyei Area and that the Government of Sudan redeploy the Oil Police in Diffra
               from the Abyei Area, and further reiterates, in accordance with relevant resolutions,
               in particular resolution 1990 (2011) and resolution 2046 (2012), that the Abyei Area
               shall be demilitarized from any forces, as well as armed elements of the local
               communities, other than UNISFA and the Abyei Police Service;
                    13. Supports the AJOC’s 3 May 2013 and 30 March 2015 decisions on
               Abyei’s status as a weapons-free area, underscores the AUPSC’s concern in its
               7 May 2013 Communiqué over reports that various communities living in Abyei are
               heavily armed, recalls that the 20 June 2011 Agreement on Temporary
               Arrangements for the Administration and Security of the Abyei Area stipulates that
               Abyei should be a weapons-free area and that only UNISFA is authorized to carry
               weapons inside the area, and in this regard, urges the two Governments to take all
               necessary steps to ensure that Abyei is effectively demilitarized, including through
               disarmament programs as necessary;
                     14. Reaffirms that UNISFA may undertake weapons confiscation and
               destruction in the Abyei Area as authorized under resolution 1990 (2011), consistent
               with its mandate and within its existing capabilities, in coordination wit h the
               signatories of the June 2011 Agreement on the Temporary Arrangements for the
               Administration and Security of the Abyei Area, the AJOC, and the Misseriya and
               Ngok Dinka communities and consistent with the previous AJOC decision to
               establish the Area as a “weapons free area”, and reiterates its request that UNISFA,
               observe, document and report on the movement of weapons into Abyei and the
               presence, destruction and confiscation of weapons within Abyei as part of the
               Secretary-General’s regular reporting cycle;
                     15. Requests UNISFA to continue its dialogue with the AJOC and with the
               Misseriya and Ngok Dinka communities on effective strategies and oversight
               mechanisms for ensuring full compliance by all relevant parties with Abyei’s status
               as a weapons-free area, with a particular priority placed on the urgent elimination of
               heavy or crew-served weapons, as well as rocket-propelled grenades, and calls upon
               the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan, the AJOC, and the Misseriya and Ngok
               Dinka communities to extend full cooperation to UNISFA in this regard;
                    16. Urges the two Governments immediately to take steps to implement
               confidence-building measures among the respective communities in the Abyei Area,
               ensuring women are involved at all stages, including thro ugh reconciliation
               processes at the grass-roots level as well as through support for the ongoing efforts
               of non-governmental organizations engaging in peacebuilding, and by fully
               supporting UNISFA’s efforts in promoting community dialogue, strongly welcomes

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           continued engagement between the Ngok Dinka and Misseriya communities, and
           strongly urges all Abyei communities to exercise maximum restraint in all their
           engagements and to desist from inflammatory acts or statements that may lead to
           violent clashes;
                 17. Underscores that women’s participation at all levels of inter-community
           dialogue is critical to ensure a credible and legitimate process and calls upon all
           parties to promote full and equal participation of women;
                 18. Welcomes the positive developments at the grass-roots level between the
           Ngok Dinka and Misseriya communities, particularly their noted commitment to
           reconciliation and cooperation, as demonstrated by the resumption of trading
           activities and the monitoring of stolen property and li vestock, including the prompt
           return of or provision of compensation for stolen property to victims of crime;
                 19. Welcomes UNISFA initiatives, to support community dialogue and efforts
           by the Misseriya and Ngok Dinka communities to strengthen inter -communal
           relationships and facilitate stability and reconciliation in the Abyei Area, including
           the facilitation of joint peace committee meetings between both communities and
           re-opening of a common market;
                20. Welcomes UNISFA’s continued efforts, within existing capabilities and
           resources, and in close coordination with the Misseriya and Ngok Dinka
           communities, to strengthen the capacities of Community Protection Committees in
           order to assist with management of law and order processes in Abyei and to
           continue engaging with both governments on this issue;
                 21. Calls upon all parties to cooperate fully with the findings and
           recommendations following the Abyei Area Joint Investigation and Inquiry
           Committee’s investigation into the killing of a UNISFA peacekeeper and the Ngok
           Dinka Paramount Chief, welcomes the 24 March 2015 AUPSC press statement
           requesting the AU Commission to engage the parties on the findings and
           recommendations, and reiterates the need to enable the two communities to find
           closure on the assassination of the Ngok Dinka Paramount Chief, bearing in mind
           the need to promote stability and reconciliation in the Abyei Area;
                 22. Expresses its intention to continue reviewing as appropriate the mandate
           of UNISFA for possible reconfiguration of the force in light of the compliance by
           Sudan and South Sudan with the decisions set forth in resolution 2046 (2012) and
           their commitments as set forth in the Agreements of 20 June, 29 June, 30 July 2011
           and 27 September 2012, including the redeployment of all forces from the SDBZ,
           achieving full operational capability for the JBVMM and the Ad Hoc Committees,
           as well as completing the full demilitarization of the Abyei Area;
                23. Calls upon all Member States, in particular Sudan and South Sudan, to
           ensure the free, unhindered and expeditious movement, to and from Abyei and
           throughout the SDBZ, of all personnel, as well as equipment, provisions, supplies
           and other goods, including vehicles, aircraft, and spare part s, which are for the
           exclusive and official use of UNISFA;
                 24. Renews its call upon the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to
           provide full support to the United Nations, including by promptly issuing visas to
           military, police and civilian United Nations personnel, including humanitarian
           personnel, without prejudice to their nationality, for entry into Sudan and South
           Sudan, facilitating basing arrangements, infrastructure construction, including the
           Athony airport, in the Mission Area and flight clearances, and providing logistical
           support, calls upon the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to facilitate travel
           from within Sudan and South Sudan to and from Abyei, and further calls upon all
           parties to fully adhere to their obligations under the Status of Forces Agreements;

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                     25. Recognizes that the absence of development projects and the inability to
               deliver basic government services has had an adverse effect on Abyei populations
               and calls upon the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan, as
               well as donors to support reconstruction and capacity-building;
                     26. Demands that the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan continue to facilitate the deployment of the United Nations Mine Action
               Service (UNMAS) to ensure freedom of movement, as well as the identification and
               clearance of mines in the Abyei Area and SDBZ;
                     27. Further demands that all parties involved allow all humanitarian
               personnel full, safe and unhindered access to civilians in need of assistance and all
               necessary facilities for their operations, in accordance with international law,
               including applicable international humanitarian law, and United Nations guiding
               principles of humanitarian assistance;
                     28. Strongly urges that all parties cease all forms of violence, human rights
               violations and abuses, violations of international humanitarian law, and violations
               and abuses against children in violation of applicable international law;
                    29. Urges UNISFA to make rapid progress on deploying a Women and Child
               Protection Advisor;
                     30. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure that effective human rights
               monitoring is carried out, and the results included in his reports to the Council, and
               reiterates its call upon the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan to extend their full cooperation to the Secretary-General to this end,
               including by issuing visas to the concerned United Nations personnel;
                    31. Recalls resolution 2272 (2016) and further requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary measures to ensure full compliance of UNISFA with
               the United Nations zero tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to
               keep the Council fully informed through his regular country -specific reports to the
               Council about UNISFA’s progress in this regard, including with respect to the
               implementation of resolution 2272 (2016);
                     32. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to inform the Council of
               progress in implementing UNISFA’s mandate, including reporting on any steps
               taken per paragraph 9, in one written report, no later than 1 April 2018 and continue
               to bring to the Council’s immediate attention any serious violations of the above
               referenced Agreements;
                    33. Notes the Secretary-General’s efforts to ensure close cooperation among
               United Nations missions in the region, including UNISFA, the United Nations
               Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS), and the African Union -United
               Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID), as well as his Special Envoy for
               Sudan and South Sudan, and requests that he continue this practice;
                    34.   Decides to remain actively seized of this matter.

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Security Council resolution 2386 (2017) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 May 2018]

UN Interim Security Force for Abyei|Joint Border Verification Monitoring Mechanism (Sudan and South Sudan)|Abyei Joint Oversight Committee|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|DEMILITARIZED ZONES|PROTECTION OF CIVILIANS IN PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|ABYEI (SUDAN)|SUDAN|SOUTH SUDAN

S/72 [217] UN INTERIM SECURITY FORCE FOR ABYEI
S/72 [160] SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/72 [223] SOUTH SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS