               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2604 (2021)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               3 November 2021

               Resolution 2604 (2021)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8896th meeting, on
               3 November 2021

                    The Security Council,
                    Determining that the situation in the region of the Former Yugoslavia continues
               to constitute a threat to international peace and security,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                     1.    Authorizes the Member States acting through or in cooperation with the
               EU to establish for a further period of twelve months, starting from the date of the
               adoption of this resolution, a multinational stabilization force (EUFOR ALTHEA) as
               a legal successor to SFOR under unified command and control, wh ich will fulfil its
               missions in relation to the implementation of Annex 1-A and Annex 2 of the General
               Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the annexes thereto
               (collectively the Peace Agreement, S/1995/999, Annex) in cooperation with the
               NATO Headquarters presence in accordance with the arrangements agreed between
               NATO and the EU as communicated to the Security Council in their letters of
               19 November 2004, which recognize that EUFOR ALTHEA will have the main peace
               stabilization role under the military aspects of the Peace Agreement;
                     2.   Decides to renew the authorization provided by paragraph 11 of its
               resolution 2183 (2014) for a further period of twelve months starting from the date of
               adoption of this resolution;
                     3.    Authorizes the Member States acting under paragraphs 1 and 2 above to
               take all necessary measures to effect the implementation of and to ensure compliance
               with annexes 1-A and 2 of the Peace Agreement, stresses that the parties shall
               continue to be held equally responsible for the compliance with that annex and shall
               be equally subject to such enforcement action by EUFOR ALTHEA and the NATO
               presence as may be necessary to ensure implementation of those annexes and the
               protection of EUFOR ALTHEA and the NATO presence;
                     4.    Authorizes Member States to take all necessary measures, at the request of
               either EUFOR ALTHEA or the NATO Headquarters, in defence of the EUFOR ALTHEA
               or NATO presence respectively, and to assist both organizations in carrying out their
               missions, and recognizes the right of both EUFOR ALTHEA and the NATO presence to
               take all necessary measures to defend themselves from attack or threat of attack;
                    5.   Authorizes the Member States acting under paragraphs 1 and 2 above, in
               accordance with annex 1-A of the Peace Agreement, to take all necessary measures to

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S/RES/2604 (2021)

               ensure compliance with the rules and procedures governing command and control of
               airspace over Bosnia and Herzegovina with respect to all civilian and military air traffic;
                    6.    Decides to remain seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2604 (2021) [on renewal of the authorization of the European Union-led Multinational Stabilization Force (EUFOR ALTHEA) in Bosnia and Herzegovina for a period of 12 months]

EUFOR|NATO|Agreement on Implementing the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1995)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEBUILDING|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA|BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA SITUATION|FORMER YUGOSLAVIA SITUATION

S/76 [62] BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA SITUATION
S/76 [60] FORMER YUGOSLAVIA SITUATION
S/ X The situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina.


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2605 (2021)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                12 November 2021

               Resolution 2605 (2021)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8902nd meeting, on
               12 November 2021

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling all of its previous resolutions, statements of its President, and press
               statements on the situation in the Central African Republic (CAR),
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of the CAR, and recalling the importance of the principles of
               non-interference, good-neighbourliness and regional cooperation,
                     Reaffirming the basic principles of peacekeeping, such as consent of the parties,
               impartiality, and non-use of force, except in self-defence and defence of the mandate,
               recognising that the mandate of each peacekeeping mission is specific to the need and
               situation of the country concerned, underlining that the mandates that it authorises
               are consistent with the basic principles, reiterating that the Security Council expects
               full delivery of the mandates it authorises, and recalling in this regard its resolution
               2436 (2018),
                     Recalling that the CAR authorities have the primary responsibility to protect all
               populations in the CAR in particular from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and
               crimes against humanity, also recalling in this regard the importance of national
               efforts to restore State authority in all parts of the country,
                    Emphasizing that any sustainable solution to the crisis in the CAR should be
               CAR-owned, including the political process, and should prioritise reconciliation of
               the Central African people, through an inclusive process that involves men and
               women of all social, economic, political, religious and ethnic backgrounds, including
               those displaced by the crisis,
                     Recalling the signing of the Political Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in
               the CAR by the CAR authorities and 14 armed groups in Bangui on 6 February 2019
               (“the APPR”), after the peace talks that took place in Khartoum, Sudan, within the
               framework of the African Initiative for Peace and Reconciliation in the CAR and
               under the auspices of the African Union (AU), and stressing its centrality and the need
               for further progress in its implementation,
                    Reaffirming that implementation of the APPR remains the only mechanism for
               achieving lasting peace and stability in the CAR and the only framework for dialogue
               with armed groups that have renounced violence,

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                     Condemning in the strongest terms violations of the APPR and violence
               perpetrated by all parties to the conflict throughout the country, including through the
               increased use of explosive ordnance, violence aiming at obstructing the electoral
               process, incitement to violence and hatred targeting specifically persons belonging to
               certain ethnic and religious communities resulting in deaths, injuries and
               displacements, violations of international humanitarian law and human rights
               violations and abuses, including those committed against children and those involving
               conflict-related sexual violence,
                     Taking note of the joint MINUSCA-OHCHR report of 4 August 2021 on
               violations and abuses of human rights and violations of international humanitarian
               law committed in the Central African Republic and noting with concern that
               violations and abuses were committed by all parties to the conflict, welcoming the
               response submitted by the CAR authorities to address the report’s findings, and
               expressing support for the implementation of the preventive and corrective measures
               proposed by the government,
                    Stressing the urgent and imperative need to end impunity in the CAR, noting the
               ongoing work of the Special Commission of Enquiry and calling on the CAR
               authorities to swiftly investigate allegations of crimes and to bring to justice
               perpetrators of violations of international humanitarian law and of violations and
               abuses of human rights,
                     Noting that a sustainable solution to the crisis in the CAR and the elimination
               of the threat posed by armed groups requires an integrated regional strategy and a
               strong political commitment from the CAR authorities and regional countries, also
               noting the importance of addressing the root causes of conflict, including illicit
               exploitation and trade of natural resources, and to put an end to the recurring cycles
               of violence, as indicated in the APPR,
                    Welcoming the announcement of a ceasefire by President Touadéra on
               15 October 2021, following the roadmap adopted by the International Conference on
               the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR) in Luanda on 16 September under the leadership of
               Angola and Rwanda (‘the roadmap’), urging all parties to the conflict in the CAR to
               respect the ceasefire, expressing concern that some signatories to the APPR continue
               to disregard their commitments and calling on neighbouring states, regional
               organisations and all international partners to support the implementation of the
               ceasefire, and the APPR via the roadmap,
                     Underlining the continued need to support national efforts towards the extension
               of State authority and the reform of the security sector (SSR) in the CAR,
                     Welcoming the work carried out by MINUSCA, the African Union Observer
               Mission in the CAR (MOUACA), the European Union Training Mission in the CAR
               (EUTM-RCA) and the European Union Advisory Mission in the CAR (EUAM-RCA),
               as well as the support of CAR’s other international and regional partners, including
               France, the Russian Federation, the United States, the People’s Republic of China and
               the Republic of Rwanda, to train and enhance the capacities of the CAR defence and
               security forces, and encouraging coherence, transparency and effective coordination
               of international support to the CAR,
                     Condemning cross-border criminal activities, such as arms trafficking, illicit
               trade, illegal exploitation, and trafficking of natural resources, including gol d,
               diamonds, timber, and wildlife, as well as the illicit transfer, destabilising
               accumulation and misuse of small arms and light weapons, that threaten the peace
               and stability of the CAR, also condemning the use of mercenaries and violations of
               international humanitarian law and human rights violations and abuses perpetrated by
               them, calling upon the Government of CAR to work with neighbouring countries to

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           secure its borders and other entry points to prevent the cross-border flows of armed
           combatants, arms and conflict minerals, stressing the need for CAR authorities to
           finalise and implement, in cooperation with relevant partners, a strategy to tackle the
           illegal exploitation and smuggling of natural resources, and calling upon the
           government of CAR and neighbouring countries to work together to secure their
           borders,
                 Welcoming the Republican Dialogue proposed by President Touadéra and
           calling for concrete steps from the government of the Central African Republic and
           all political actors to engage effectively in an inclusive dialogue, resolve outstanding
           issues and conclude the electoral process through the organization of local elections,
                 Taking note of the upcoming local elections in 2022 and underlining the primary
           responsibility of the CAR authorities in their organization, noting their efforts to
           conduct the electoral process in accordance with the Constitution, stressing that only
           inclusive, free and fair elections, carried out in a transparent, credible, peaceful and
           timely manner, undisturbed by disinformation and other forms of manipulation of
           information, can bring lasting stability to the CAR, including through the full, equal,
           meaningful and safe participation of women, reaffirming the importance of the
           participation of the youth, and encouraging the CAR authorities, with the support of
           relevant partners, to promote the participation of internally displaced persons (IDPs)
           and refugees in accordance with the Constitution of the CAR,
                 Recalling its resolutions on the protection of civilians in armed conflict, on
           Women, Peace and Security, on Youth, Peace and Security, and on Children and
           Armed Conflict, taking note of the Report of the Secretary-General on children and
           armed conflict in the Central African Republic of 15 October 2021 (S/2021/882),
           calling upon all the parties in the CAR to engage with the Special Representative on
           Children and Armed Conflict and the Special Representative on Sexual Violence in
           Conflict, and welcoming the decision by the CAR government to name a Special
           Adviser on Sexual Violence in Conflict,
                 Expressing serious concern about the dire and deteriorating humanitarian
           situation in the CAR since the last mandate renewal and the consequences of the
           security situation on humanitarian access, condemning in the strongest terms
           increased attacks against humanitarian and medical personnel and obstruction to
           humanitarian access, and emphasising the current humanitarian needs of more than
           half of the population of the country, including civilians under threat from violence,
           as well as the alarming situation of IDPs and refugees, and welcoming the
           collaboration between MINUSCA, UN agencies, the African Union, the World Bank,
           technical and financial partners of the CAR and NGOs to support development and
           humanitarian efforts in the CAR and their adaptation to the COVID-19 pandemic,
           which has exacerbated existing vulnerabilities,
                Recalling the UN guiding principles of humanitarian emergency assistance,
                 Recalling resolution 2532 (2020) demanding a general and immediate cessation
           of hostilities in all situations on the Council’s agenda, as well as calling upon all
           parties to armed conflicts to engage immediately in a durable humanitarian pause, in
           order to enable the safe, timely, unhindered and sustained delivery of humanitarian
           assistance consistent with the humanitarian principles of humanity, neutrality,
           impartiality and independence,
                Recognising the adverse effects of climate change, ecological changes and
           natural disasters, among other factors, on the stability of the Central African region,
           including through drought, desertification, land degradation, food insecurity, and
           energy access, and stressing the need for comprehensive risk assessment by the United
           Nations relating to these factors and for long-term strategies by governments of the

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               Central African region and the United Nations to support stabilisation and build
               resilience,
                     Condemning in the strongest terms all attacks, provocations and incitement to
               hatred and violence against MINUSCA and other international forces by armed
               groups and other perpetrators, in particular violations of the Status of Forces
               Agreement, which must be strictly respected by the CAR authorities, as well as
               disinformation campaigns including through social media, paying tribute to the
               personnel of MINUSCA who sacrificed their lives in the service of peace, underlining
               that attacks targeting peacekeepers may constitute war crimes, reminding all parties
               of their obligations under international humanitarian law and urging the CAR
               authorities to work with MINUSCA to enhance the safety and security of MINUSCA’s
               personnel and to take all possible measures to ensure the arrest and prosecution of
               perpetrators, including in line with resolution 2518 (2020) and 2589 (2021),
                    Recalling peacekeeping performance requirements under resolutions 2378
               (2017) and 2436 (2018),
                    Taking note of the Report of the Secretary-General of 11 October 2021
               (S/2021/867),
                     Determining that the situation in the CAR continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security in the region,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

               Political process, including the implementation of the APPR, and extensi on of
               State authority
                     1.    Encourages President Faustin-Archange Touadéra and his government to
               pursue their efforts to promote lasting peace and stability in the CAR through a
               comprehensive and reinvigorated political and peace process, which includes respect
               for the ceasefire, an inclusive Republican Dialogue, and implementation of the APPR;
                     2.    Urges all parties to the conflict in the CAR to respect the ceasefire, and
               calls on the CAR authorities and the signatory armed groups to fully implement the
               APPR in good faith and without delay in order to meet the aspirations of the people
               of the CAR to peace, security, justice, reconciliation, inclusivity and development,
               and to resolve their disputes peacefully, including through the follow-up and dispute
               resolution mechanisms of the APPR, and ensure full, equal and meaningful
               participation of women in such mechanisms and in the mechanisms established by the
               APPR to support and monitor its implementation;
                     3.    Demands that all forms of violence against civilians, United Nations
               peacekeepers and humanitarian personnel, destabilising activities, incitement to
               hatred and violence, disinformation campaigns including through social media,
               restrictions on freedom of movement and obstruction of the electoral process cease
               immediately and that armed groups lay down their arms and permanently disband in
               line with their commitments under the APPR;
                     4.    Strongly condemns all violations of international humanitarian law
               committed in the CAR, including attacks on the civilian population, MINUSCA
               peacekeepers and humanitarian actors, as well as human rights abuses and genderbased violence, recalls that individuals or entities that undermine peace and stability
               in the CAR could be listed for targeted measures pursuant to resolution 2588 (2021),
               and expresses its readiness to consider such measures for individuals or entities that
               violate the ceasefire;
                    5.    Welcomes the continued engagement of the region in support of the peace
               process, including through the roadmap, calls on neighbouring states, regional

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           organisations and all international partners to support the peace process, including the
           implementation of the APPR via the roadmap, in a manner that is coherent and
           coordinated with the good offices of MINUSCA, including through financial support
           and strengthened partnerships, emphasises the important role of the guarantors and
           facilitators of the APPR, including the AU, the ECCAS and neighbouring states, using
           their influence to enhance adherence by armed groups to their commitments, also
           calls on neighbouring states to support the CAR authorities in their efforts to enable
           the participation of refugees in the electoral processes, and further emphasises the
           importance of establishing and implementing measures, including sanctions, and
           mechanisms that could be applied against non-compliant parties pursuant to article 35
           of the APPR;
                 6.    Calls on the CAR authorities and the authorities of neighbouring countries
           to cooperate at the regional level to investigate and combat transnational criminal
           networks and armed groups involved in arms trafficking and in the illegal exploitation
           of natural resources, calls for the reactivation and regular follow-up of bilateral joint
           commissions between the CAR and neighbouring countries to address cross-border
           issues, including issues related to arms trafficking, and take agreed next steps to
           secure common borders;
                 7.    Encourages the CAR authorities to cement and broaden national
           awareness and ownership of the APPR, including through sensitisation campaigns,
           recalls in this regard the crucial role of political parties, including the opposition,
           civil society and faith-based organisations in the peace and reconciliation process and
           the need for the CAR authorities to adequately promote its participation in the
           implementation of the APPR as well as in the comprehensive political process, and
           further encourages the full, equal and meaningful participation of women and youth
           in this process;
                 8.    Urges the CAR authorities to urgently implement a genuinely inclusive
           process to support reconciliation in the CAR by addressing the root causes of the
           conflict, including the marginalisation of civilians from specific communities, issues
           of national identity, local grievances of all the components of society over the whole
           territory of the CAR, and issues related to transhumance, including through national
           and local electoral processes and the implementation of political reforms provided
           under the APPR, national policies on economic development and civil service
           recruitment, and to promote reconciliation initiatives at the regional, national,
           prefectural and local levels;
                 9.    Urges the CAR authorities and all national stakeholders to ensure the
           preparation of inclusive, free and fair local elections in 2022, carried out in a
           transparent, credible, peaceful and timely manner, in accordance with the Constitution
           of the CAR and the decisions of the Constitutional Court, with the full, equal,
           meaningful and safe participation of women as voters and candidates, including by
           meeting the quota of at least 35 percent of women as required by the law of the CAR,
           encourages the participation of youth, urges CAR authorities to support the
           appropriate legislative framework to enable durable financing of decentralized
           government and to ensure adequate infrastructure to support newly elected officials,
           calls on all parties to refrain from incitement to hatred and violence, including
           through social media platforms, and to engage in dialogue, including through the
           Republican Dialogue, in order to solve any outstanding issues regarding the electoral
           framework, further calls upon CAR authorities to allow political space for the role,
           rights and responsibilities of legally constituted political parties, including opposition
           parties, and also ensure secure conditions for the conduct of elections and unrestricted
           access to the polls, including through cooperation with MINUSCA, consistent with
           the Mission’s role regarding the protection of civilians, and encourages the

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               international community to provide adequate support, including technical and
               financial support, to the upcoming elections;
                     10. Calls upon all parties to respect the civilian and humanitarian character of
               camps and settlements for IDPs and refugees, as such, also calls upon the CAR
               authorities to ensure that national policies and legislative frameworks adequately
               protect the human rights of all displaced persons, including freedom of movement,
               create conditions conducive to durable solutions for IDPs and refugees on an
               informed basis, including their voluntary, safe, dignified and sustainable return, local
               integration or resettlement, and provide for their participation in the elections;
                     11. Urges the CAR authorities to address the presence and activity of armed
               groups in the CAR by implementing a comprehensive strategy that prioritises
               dialogue, in line with the APPR via the roadmap, and the urgent implementation of
               an inclusive, gender-sensitive and effective DDR process, as well as repatriation
               (DDRR) in the case of foreign fighters, including children formerly associated with
               armed forces and groups, as well as continuing the implementation of community
               violence reduction projects, also urges the CAR authorities and signatory armed
               groups to accelerate the implementation of the interim security measures provided for
               in the APPR, to promote trust and confidence between signatory parties and as a
               platform for the deployment of State authority, in a manner complementary to DDRR
               and SSR processes;
                     12. Calls on the CAR authorities to implement the National Security Policy,
               the National Strategy on SSR and the National Defence Plan, including with the
               support of the international community, in order to put in place professional,
               ethnically representative, regionally balanced, taking into account the recruitment of
               women, and appropriately trained and equipped national defence and security forces,
               including through the adoption and implementation of appropriate vetting procedures
               of all defence and security personnel, including human rights vetting, as well as
               measures to absorb disarmed and demobilised elements of armed groups meeting
               rigorous eligibility and vetting criteria;
                     13. Calls on the CAR authorities to ensure that redeployments of defence and
               security forces are sustainable, do not pose a risk to the stabilisation of the country,
               civilians or the political process, and urges the CAR authorities to accelerate efforts
               to bring all elements of the CAR armed forces under a single, unified chain of
               command to ensure effective oversight, command and control, including appropriate
               national vetting and training systems, and to provide appropriate budgetary support
               and continue to implement a comprehensive national security strategy that is
               consistent with the peace process, including the APPR;
                     14. Expresses serious concerns about repeated allegations of violations of
               international human rights law and international humanitarian law by CAR defence
               and security forces, takes positive note of the measures announced by the Government
               of the CAR to hold accountable those responsible, and calls on international partners
               to insist on respect for international human rights law, international humanitarian and
               refugee law and accountability as a necessary condition when partnering with the
               CAR defence and security forces;
                     15. Calls on the CAR authorities to ensure that all security actors in country
               at the invitation of the government de-conflict their training and operational activities;
                     16. Calls on the CAR authorities to take concrete steps, without delay and as
               a matter of priority, to strengthen justice institutions at national and local levels as
               part of the extension of State authority in order to fight impunity and to contribute to
               stabilisation and reconciliation, including through the restoration of the administration
               of the judiciary, criminal justice and penitentiary systems throughout the country, the

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           investigations of the Special Criminal Court (SCC), the demilitarisation of the
           prisons, the establishment of transitional justice mechanisms, based on a victim -
           centred approach, including the full operationalisation of the Truth, Justice,
           Reparation and Reconciliation Commission, which should be able to work in a
           neutral, impartial, transparent and independent manner, taking into consideration the
           recommendations of the inclusive commission provided for in the APPR, to ensure
           accountability for past crimes and reparation for victims, and by ensuring access to
           fair and equal justice for all in line with the conclusions of the Bangui Forum held in
           May 2015;
                 17. Calls on the CAR authorities to continue their efforts to restore the
           effective authority of the State over the whole territory of the CAR, including by
           redeploying State administration and providing basic services in the provinces,
           ensuring the timely payment of salaries to civil servants and defence and security
           forces, and by swiftly establishing and promulgating the implementing regulations
           for the law on decentralisation, with the objective of ensuring stable, accountable,
           inclusive and transparent governance;
                 18. Stresses in this context the valuable role of the Peacebuilding Commission
           (PBC) in offering strategic advice, providing observations for the Security Council’s
           consideration, and fostering a more coherent, coordinated and integrated approach to
           international peacebuilding efforts, welcomes the active role of the Kingdom of
           Morocco, and encourages continued coordination with the PBC and other relevant
           international organisations and institutions in support of CAR’s long term peace
           building needs, including for support to the peace process, consistent with the APPR;

           Economic recovery and development
                 19. Encourages the CAR authorities, with the support of the international
           community, in particular with International Financial Institutions leading
           international efforts, and based on critical peace and State building goals, to improve
           public financial management and accountability in a manner that allows it to meet the
           expenses related to the functioning of the State, implement early recovery plans, and
           revitalise the economy, and that fosters national ownership, and emphasizes the
           importance of international support – financially, technically and in-kind – to the
           COVID-19 response in the CAR;
                 20. Further calls on Member States, international and regional organisations
           to disburse pledges made at the international conference in Brussels on 17 November
           2016 in support of the implementation of the country’s peacebuilding priorities and
           socioeconomic development and consider providing additional funding, technical
           expertise and in kind support to the CAR’s National Strategy for Recovery and Peace
           Consolidation (RCPCA) and within the Framework of Mutual Accountability
           (CEM-RCA);
                 21. Encourages the CAR authorities to accelerate the effective implementation
           of the RCPCA and relevant partners to support the efforts of the CAR authorities
           through the RCPCA Secretariat to lay the foundation of durable peace in the CAR and
           sustainable development of all regions of the country, to boost peace dividends for
           the population and development projects, including critical investments in
           infrastructure, which would address logistical challenges in the country and
           strengthen the CAR authorities’ and MINUSCA’s mobility and ability to provide
           security and protect civilians, to combat poverty and to help the population of the
           CAR build sustainable livelihoods;

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               Human rights, including child protection and sexual violence in conflict
                     22. Reiterates the urgent and imperative need to hold accountable all those
               responsible for violations of international humanitarian law and violations and abuses
               of human rights irrespective of their status or political affiliation, reiterates that some
               of those acts may amount to crimes under the Rome Statute of the International
               Criminal Court (ICC), to which the CAR is a State party, and recalls that committing
               acts of incitement to violence, in particular on an ethnic or religious basis, and then
               engaging in or providing support for acts that undermine the peace, stability or
               security of the CAR could be a basis for sanctions designations pursuant to resolution
               2588 (2021);
                     23. Recalls the decision made by the Prosecutor of the ICC on 24 September
               2014 to open, following the request of the national authorities, an investigation into
               alleged crimes committed since 2012 and the ongoing cooperation of the CAR
               authorities in this regard;
                     24. Calls on the CAR authorities to follow-up on the recommendations of the
               report of the Mapping Project describing serious violations and abuses of
               international human rights and violations of international humanitarian law
               committed within the territory of CAR between January 2003 and December 2015;
                     25. Strongly condemns all attacks on and use for military purposes of schools,
               medical centres, humanitarian premises, and other civilian infrastructure in violation
               of international law, as well as the commandeering of assets belonging to the UN or
               humanitarian actors;
                     26. Urges all parties to armed conflict in the CAR to end all violations and
               abuses committed against children, in violation of applicable international law,
               including those involving their recruitment and use, rape and sexual violence, killing
               and maiming, abductions and attacks on schools and hospitals, further calls upon the
               CAR authorities to respect their obligations under the Optional Protocol to the
               Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed
               Conflict that they ratified on 21 September 2017, and to consider those children who
               have been released or otherwise separated from armed forces and a rmed groups
               primarily as victims as per the Paris Principles endorsed by the CAR, welcomes the
               adoption of the child protection code, underlining the importance of its full
               implementation, and calls upon the CAR authorities to swiftly investigate alleged
               violations and abuses in order to fight against impunity of those responsible, to ensure
               that those responsible for such violations and abuses are excluded from the security
               sector and that all victims have access to justice as well as to medical and suppor t
               services, including mental health and psychosocial services, calls for the full and
               immediate implementation of action plans signed by some armed groups and for other
               armed groups to sign such action plans, reiterates its demands that all parties protect
               and consider as victims those children who have been released or otherwise separated
               from armed forces and armed groups, in particular by establishing standard operating
               procedures for the rapid handover of these children to relevant civilian child
               protection actors, recalls that the APPR contains several child protection provisions
               and urges the signatories to it to reinforce their efforts to implement those, and
               emphasises the need to pay particular attention to the protection, release and
               reintegration of all children associated with armed forces and armed groups, recalling
               the 2020 Security Council Working Group on Children and Armed Conflict
               Conclusions on children and armed conflict in the Central African Republic
               (S/AC.51/2020/3) and urging their full and swift implementation;
                    27. Calls upon all parties to armed conflict in the CAR, including armed
               groups, to end sexual and gender-based violence, further calls upon the CAR

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                 authorities to swiftly investigate alleged abuses and prosecute alleged perpetrators in
                 order to fight against impunity of those responsible for such acts, and to take concrete,
                 specific and time-bound steps towards implementing the UN and government of CAR
                 joint communiqué to prevent and respond to sexual violence in conflict and to ensure
                 that those responsible for such crimes are excluded from the security sector and
                 prosecuted, and to facilitate immediate access for all survivors of sexual viol ence to
                 available services, including mental health and psychosocial services, calls on the
                 CAR authorities and international partners to sustain adequate support to the Mixed
                 Unit for Rapid Intervention and Suppression of Sexual Violence against Women and
                 Children (UMIRR);

                 MINUSCA’s mandate
                     28. Expresses its strong support to the Special Representative of the Secretary-General Mankeur Ndiaye;
                      29.   Decides to extend the mandate of MINUSCA until 15 November 2022;
                       30. Decides that MINUSCA shall continue to comprise up to 14,400 military
                 personnel, including 580 Military Observers and Military Staff Officers, and 3,020
                 police personnel, including 600 Individual Police Officers and 2,420 formed police
                 unit personnel, as well as 108 corrections officers, and recalls its intention to keep
                 this number under continuous review;
                       31. Decides that MINUSCA’s mandate is designed to advance a multiyear
                 strategic vision to create the political, security and institutional conditions conducive
                 to national reconciliation and durable peace through implementation of the APPR and
                 the elimination of the threat posed by armed groups through a comprehensive
                 approach and proactive and robust posture without prejudice to the basic principles
                 of peacekeeping;
                       32. Recalls that MINUSCA’s mandate should be implemented based on a
                 prioritisation of tasks established in paragraphs 34 to 36 of this resolution, and, when
                 relevant, in a sequenced manner, and further requests the Secretary-General to reflect
                 this prioritisation in the deployment of the Mission and to align budgetary resources
                 according to the prioritisation of mandate tasks as set out in this resolution, while
                 ensuring appropriate resources for the implementation of the mandate;
                      33. Authorises MINUSCA to take all necessary means to carry out its mandate
                 within its capabilities and areas of deployment;

                 Priority tasks
                       34. Decides that the mandate of MINUSCA shall include the following
                 priority tasks:

           (a)   Protection of civilians
                      (i) To protect, in line with S/PRST/2018/18 of 21 September 2018, without
                 prejudice to the primary responsibility of the CAR authorities and the basic principles
                 of peacekeeping, the civilian population under threat of physical violence;
                     (ii) To fully implement its protection of civilians strategy in coordination with
                 CAR authorities, the United Nations Country Team (UNCT), humanitarian and
                 human right organisations, and other relevant partners;
                      (iii) In support of the CAR authorities, to take active steps to anticipate, deter
                 and effectively respond to serious and credible threats to the civilian p opulation
                 through a comprehensive and integrated approach and, in this regard:

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                    – to ensure effective and dynamic protection of civilians under threat of physical
                      violence through a comprehensive and integrated approach, including by
                      anticipating, deterring, and stopping all threats of violence against the
                      populations, in consultation with local communities, and by supporting and
                      undertaking local mediation efforts to prevent escalation of violence, in line
                      with the basic principles of peacekeeping, and outbreaks of violence between
                      ethnic or religious rival groups;
                    – to enhance its interaction with civilians, to strengthen its early warning
                      mechanism, to increase its efforts to monitor and document violations of
                      international humanitarian law and violations and abuses of human rights and
                      to strengthen local community engagement and empowerment;
                    – to maintain a proactive deployment and a mobile, flexible and robust posture,
                      including by conducting active patrolling, in particular in high risk areas;
                    – to mitigate the risk to civilians before, during and after any military or police
                      operation, including by tracking, preventing, minimising, and addressing
                      civilian harm resulting from the Mission’s operations, presence and activities,
                      including in support of national security forces;
                    – to work with the CAR authorities to identify and report threats to and attacks
                      against civilians and implement existing prevention and response plans and
                      strengthen civil-military cooperation, including joint planning;
                    – to support the CAR authorities in the prevention, mitigation and response to the
                      threat posed by explosive ordnance;
                     (iv) To provide specific protection and assistance for women and children
               affected by armed conflict, including through the deployment of protection advisers,
               child protection advisers, women protection advisers and civilian and uniformed
               gender advisers and focal points, as well as consultations with women’s
               organizations, and by adopting a gender-sensitive, survivor-centred approach in this
               regard, especially to provide the best assistance to survivors of sexual violence, and
               to support women’s participation in early warning mechanisms;
                    (v) To take concrete measures to mitigate and avoid the use of schools by
               armed forces, as appropriate, and deter the use of schools by parties to the conflict,
               and to facilitate the continuation of education in situations of armed conflict;
                     (vi) To support the implementation of the UN and Government of CAR joint
               communiqué to prevent and respond to sexual violence in conflict and to take into
               account these specific concerns throughout activities of all Mission components, in
               line with the UN Field Missions policy on Preventing and Responding to Conflict -
               Related Sexual Violence, and to ensure, in cooperation with the SRSG for Sexual
               Violence in Conflict, that risks of sexual violence in conflict are included in the
               Mission’s data collection, threat analysis and early warning system;

         (b)   Good offices and support to the peace process, including the implementation of
               the ceasefire and the APPR
                     (i) To continue its role in support of the peace process, including through
               political, technical and operational support to the implementation and monitoring of
               the ceasefire and the APPR, to take active steps to support the CAR authorities in the
               creation of conditions conducive to the full implementation of the APPR via the
               roadmap;
                    (ii) To continue to coordinate regional and international support and assistance
               to the peace process, in consultation and coordination with the United Nations

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                 Regional Office for Central Africa (UNOCA), stressing the importance in that regard
                 of the implementation of the APPR via the roadmap;
                       (iii) To ensure that the Mission’s political and security strategies promote a
                 coherent peace process, particularly in support of the APPR, that connects local and
                 national peace efforts with the ongoing efforts to monitor the ceasefire, advance the
                 DDRR process, the SSR process, support the fight against impunity, and the
                 restoration of State authority, and promote the participation of women and gender
                 equality;
                      (iv) To assist the CAR authorities’ efforts, at national and local levels, to
                 increase participation of political parties, civil society, women, survivors of sexual
                 violence, youth, faith-based organisations, and where and when possible, IDPs and
                 refugees to the peace process, including the APPR;
                       (v) To provide good offices and technical expertise in support of efforts to
                 address the root causes of conflict, including those referred to in paragraph 8 of this
                 resolution, in particular to advance national reconciliation and local conflict
                 resolution, working with relevant regional and local bodies and religious leaders,
                 while ensuring the full, equal and meaningful participation of women, including
                 survivors of sexual violence, in line with the CAR national action plan on Women,
                 Peace and Security, including through the support to local dialogue and commu nity
                 engagement;
                       (vi) To support efforts of the CAR authorities to address transitional justice as
                 part of the peace and reconciliation process, and marginalisation and local grievances,
                 including through dialogue with the armed groups, civil society leaders including
                 women and youth representatives, including survivors of sexual violence, and by
                 assisting national, prefectoral and local authorities to foster confidence among
                 communities;
                       (vii) To provide technical expertise to the CAR authorities in its engagement
                 with neighbouring countries, the ECCAS, the ICGLR and the AU, in consultation and
                 coordination with the United Nations Regional Office for Central Africa (UNOCA)
                 to resolve issues of common and bilateral interest and to promote their continued and
                 full support for the APPR;
                       (viii) To make more proactive use of strategic communications to support its
                 protection of civilians’ strategy, in coordination with the CAR authorities, to help the
                 local population better understand the mandate of the Mission, its activities, the APPR
                 and the electoral process, and to build trust with the CAR citizens, parties to the
                 conflict, regional and other international actors and partners on the ground;

           (c)   Facilitate the immediate, full, safe and unhindered delivery of
                 humanitarian assistance
                       To improve coordination with all humanitarian actors, including United Nations
                 agencies, and to facilitate the creation of a secure environment for the immediate,
                 full, safe and unhindered, civilian-led delivery of humanitarian assistance, in
                 accordance with relevant provisions of international law and consistent with the
                 humanitarian principles, and for the voluntary safe, dignified and sustainable return
                 or local integration or resettlement of internally displaced persons or refugees in close
                 coordination with humanitarian actors, while contributing to alleviate the
                 consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic as requested in resolution 2532 (2020);

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         (d)   Protection of the United Nations
                    To protect the United Nations personnel, installations, equipment and goods and
               ensure the security and freedom of movement of United Nations and associated
               personnel;

               Other tasks
                     35. Further authorises MINUSCA to pursue the following tasks of its
               mandate, working in close coordination with the United Nations Country Team,
               bearing in mind that these tasks as well as those in paragraph 34 above are mutually
               reinforcing:

         (a)   Promotion and protection of human rights
                    (i) To monitor, help investigate, report annually to the Security Council, and
               follow up on violations of international humanitarian law and on violations and
               abuses of human rights committed throughout the CAR;
                    (ii) To monitor, help investigate and ensure reporting on violations and abuses
               committed against children and women, including rape and other forms of sexual
               violence in armed conflict, in connection with the UMIRR;
                     (iii) To assist the CAR authorities in their efforts to protect and promote human
               rights and prevent violations and abuses and to strengthen the capacity of civil society
               organisations;

         (b)   Republican Dialogue and 2022 elections
                     To assist the CAR authorities in the completion of a fully inclusive Republican
               Dialogue and the preparation and delivery of peaceful local elections of 2022, as
               outlined in the preamble and in paragraph 9 of this resolution, by providing good
               offices, including to encourage dialogue among all political stakeholders, in an
               inclusive manner, to mitigate tensions throughout the electoral period, by also
               providing security, operational, logistical and, as appropriate, technical support, in
               particular to facilitate access to remote areas, and by coordinating with the
               UN Development Programme regarding international electoral assistance;

         (c)   Support for the extension of State authority, the deployment of security forces,
               and the preservation of territorial integrity
                     (i) To continue to support the CAR authorities in safeguarding State
               institutions and implementing its strategy for the extension of State authority,
               including through the implementation of relevant provisions of the APPR, for the
               establishment of interim security and administrative arrangements acceptable to the
               population and under CAR authorities’ oversight, and through a prioritised division
               of labour with the UNCT and relevant partners, and address cross-border illicit trade
               in natural resources;
                     (ii) To promote and support the rapid extension of State authority over the
               entire territory of the CAR, including by supporting the deployment of vetted and
               trained national security forces in priority areas, including through co-location,
               advising, mentoring and monitoring, in coordination with other partners, as part of
               the deployment of the territorial administration and other rule of law authorities;
                     (iii) To provide at the request of the CAR authorities enhanced planning and
               technical assistance and logistical support for the progressive redeployment of vetted
               Central African Armed Forces (FACA) or Internal Security Forces (ISF), engaged in
               joint operations with MINUSCA that include joint planning and tactical cooperation,

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                 in order to support the implementation of MINUSCA’s current mandated tasks,
                 including to protect civilians, and to support national authorities in the restoration and
                 maintenance of public safety and the rule of law, in accordance with MINUSCA’s
                 mandate, paragraphs 13 and 14 of this resolution and in strict compliance with the
                 United Nations Human Rights Due Diligence Policy (HRDDP), contingent on a
                 determination by MINUSCA of the recipients’ compliance with MINUSCA’s Status
                 of Forces Agreement, human rights and international humanitarian law, without
                 exacerbating the risks to the stabilisation of the country, civilians, the politica l
                 process, to UN peacekeepers, or the impartiality of the Mission, to ensure such
                 support be subject to appropriate oversight, and to review this logistical support in
                 one year to ensure its compliance with the benchmarks outlined in the Secretary -
                 General’s letter to the President of the Security Council of 15 May 2018 (S/2018/463);
                       (iv) To support a gradual handover of security of key officials, and static guard
                 duties of national institutions, to the CAR security forces, in coordination with the
                 CAR authorities, based on the risks on the ground and taking into account the
                 electoral context;

           (d)   Security Sector Reform (SSR)
                       (i) To provide strategic and technical advice to the CAR authorities to
                 implement the National Strategy on SSR and the National Defence Plan, in close
                 coordination with EUTM-RCA, EUAM-RCA, the African Union Observer Mission
                 in the CAR (MOUACA) and CAR’s other international partners, including France,
                 the Russian Federation, the United States, the People’s Republic of China and the
                 Republic of Rwanda, with the aim of ensuring coherence of the SSR process,
                 including through a clear delineation of responsibilities between the FACA, the ISF
                 and other uniformed entities, as well as the democratic control of both defence and
                 internal security forces;
                       (ii) To continue to support the CAR authorities in developing an approach to
                 the vetting of defence and security elements which prioritises human rights vetting,
                 in particular to fight impunity for violations of international and domestic law and in
                 the context of any integration of demobilised armed groups elements into security
                 sector institutions;
                      (iii) To take a leading role in supporting the CAR authorities in enhancing the
                 capacities of the ISF, particularly command and control structures and oversight
                 mechanisms and to coordinate the provision of technical assistance and training
                 between the international partners in the CAR, in particular with EUTM-RCA and
                 EUAM-RCA, in order to ensure a clear distribution of tasks in the field of SSR;
                       (iv) To continue to support the CAR authorities in the training of police and
                 gendarmerie and in the selection, recruitment, and vetting of police and gendarmerie
                 elements, with the support of donors and the UNCT, taking into account the need to
                 recruit women at all levels, and in full compliance with the United Nations HRDDP;

           (e)   Disarmament, Demobilisation, Reintegration (DDR) and Repatriation (DDRR),
                 including cantonment
                       (i) To support the CAR authorities in implementing an inclusive, gendersensitive and progressive programme for the DDR and, in case of foreign elements,
                 repatriation, of members of armed groups, and, as appropriate, and in consultation
                 and coordination with international partners, support possible, temporary, voluntary
                 cantonment sites in support of community-based socioeconomic reintegration, based
                 on the Principles of DDRR and Integration into the Uniformed Corps, signed at the
                 Bangui Forum in May 2015 and guided by the revitalized 2019 UN Integrated DDRR
                 Standards, while paying specific attention to the needs of children associated with

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                armed forces and groups and women combatants, the need to ensure the separation of
                children from these forces and groups, and the need to prevent re-recruitment, and
                including gender-sensitive programmes;
                      (ii) To support the CAR authorities and relevant civil society organisations in
                developing and implementing CVR programmes, including gender-sensitive
                programmes, for members of armed groups including those not eligible for
                participation in the national DDRR programme, in cooperation with development
                partners and together with communities of return in line with the priorities highlighted
                in the RCPCA;
                      (iii) To provide technical assistance to the CAR authorities in implementing a
                national plan for the integration of eligible demobilised members of armed groups
                into the security and defence forces, in line with the broader SSR process, the need
                to put in place professional, ethnically representative and regionally balanced national
                security and defence, and to provide technical advice to the CAR authorities in
                accelerating the implementation of the interim security arrangements provided for in
                the APPR, following vetting, disarmament, demobilisation and training;
                      (iv) To coordinate the support provided by multilateral and bilateral partners,
                including the World Bank and the Peacebuilding Commission, to the efforts of the
                CAR authorities on DDRR programs to reintegrate eligible and vetted members of
                the armed groups into peaceful civilian life and to help ensure that these efforts will
                lead to sustainable socioeconomic reintegration;

          (f)   Support for national and international justice, the fight against impunity, and
                the rule of law
                      (i) To help reinforce the independence of the judiciary, build the capacities,
                and enhance the effectiveness of the national judicial system as well as the
                effectiveness and the accountability of the penitentiary system including through the
                provision of technical assistance to the CAR authorities to identify, investigate and
                prosecute those responsible for crimes involving violations of international
                humanitarian law and of violations and abuses of human rights committed throughout
                the CAR;
                     (ii) To help build the capacities of the national human rights institution
                coordinating with the Independent Expert on human rights in the CAR as appropriate;
                     Urgent temporary measures:
                      (iii) To urgently and actively adopt, within the limits of its capacities and areas
                of deployment, at the formal request of the CAR authorities and in areas where
                national security forces are not present or operational, urgent temporary measures on
                an exceptional basis, without creating a precedent and without prejudice to the agreed
                principles of peacekeeping operations, which are limited in scope, time -bound and
                consistent with the objectives set out in paragraphs 34 and 35 (f), to arrest and detain
                in order to maintain basic law and order and fight impunity and to pay parti cular
                attention in this regard to those engaging in or providing support for acts that
                undermine the peace, stability or security of the CAR, including those violating the
                ceasefire or the APPR;
                     Special Criminal Court (SCC):
                     (iv) To provide technical assistance, in partnership with other international
                partners and the UNCT, and capacity building for the CAR authorities, to facilitate
                the operationalisation and the functioning of the SCC, in particular in the areas of
                investigations, arrests, detention, criminal and forensic analysis, evidence collection
                and storage, recruitment and selection of personnel, court management, prosecution

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           strategy and case development and the establishment of a legal aid system, as
           appropriate, as well as to provide security for magistrates, including at the premises
           and proceedings of the SCC, and take measures for the protection of victims and
           witnesses, in line with the CAR’s international humanitarian law and international
           human rights obligations;
                (v) To assist in the coordination and mobilisation of increased bilateral and
           multilateral support to the functioning of the SCC;
                Rule of law:
                 (vi) To provide support and to coordinate international assistance to build the
           capacities and enhance the effectiveness of the criminal justice system, within the
           framework of the United Nations global focal point on rule of law, as well as the
           effectiveness and the accountability of police and penitentiary system with the
           support of the UNCT;
                 (vii) Without prejudice to the primary responsibility of the CAR authorities, to
           support the restoration and maintenance of public safety and the rule of law, including
           through apprehending and handing over to the CAR authorities, consistent with
           international law, those in the country responsible for crimes involving serious human
           rights violations and abuses and serious violations of international humanitarian law,
           including sexual violence in conflict, so that they can be brought to justice, and
           through cooperation with states of the region as well as the ICC in cases of crimes
           falling within its jurisdiction following the decision made by the Prosecutor of the
           ICC on 24 September 2014 to open, following the request of national authorities, an
           investigation into alleged crimes committed since 2012;

           Additional tasks
                36.   Further authorises MINUSCA to carry out the following additional tasks:
                (a) To assist the Committee established pursuant to paragraph 57 of resolution
           2127 (2013) and the Panel of Experts established by the same resolution;
                 (b) To monitor the implementation of the measures renewed and modified by
           paragraph 1 of resolution 2588 (2021), in cooperation with the Panel of Experts
           established pursuant to resolution 2127 (2013), including by inspecting, as it deems
           necessary and when appropriate without notice, all arms and related materiel
           regardless of location, and advise the CAR authorities on efforts to keep armed groups
           from exploiting natural resources;
                 (c) To support the Panel of Experts established pursuant to resolution 2127
           (2013) in collecting information about acts of incitement to violence, in particular on
           an ethnic or religious basis, that undermine the peace, stability or security of the CAR
           in accordance with paragraph 32 (g) of resolution 2399 (2018) extended by paragraph
           6 of resolution 2588 (2021);
                 (d) To ensure, with all relevant United Nations bodies, unhindered access and
           safety for the Panel of Experts established pursuant to resolution 2127 (2013), in
           particular to persons, documents and sites within their control in order for the Panel
           to execute its mandate;
                 (e) To provide transport for relevant CAR authorities as appropriate and on a
           case by case basis and when the situation allows, as a means to promote and support
           the extension of the State authority over the entire territory;

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               Mission effectiveness
                     37. Requests the Secretary-General to deploy and allocate personnel and
               expertise within MINUSCA to reflect the priorities identified by paragraph 34 to
               paragraph 36 of this resolution, and to continuously adjust this deployment according
               to the progresses made in the implementation of this mandate;
                     38. Recalls the decision taken by the Security Council in its resolution 2566
               to increase the authorized size of MINUSCA’s military component by 2,750 and to
               increase the authorized size of MINUSCA’s police component by 940, welcomes the
               deployment of some of the reinforcement thus decided, stresses the need for the rest
               of these reinforcements to be deployed as quickly as possible, especially quick
               reaction forces, and sequenced through a phased approach, and recalls the importance
               of cooperation between MINUSCA and the CAR authorities in line with its mandate;
                    39. Reiterates its concern at the continuing lack of key capabilities for
               MINUSCA and the need to fill gaps, as well as the importance of current and future
               troop and police contributing countries (T/PCCs) providing troops and police with
               adequate capabilities, equipment and predeployment training, including with regards
               to explosive ordnance threat mitigation, in order to enhance the capacity of
               MINUSCA to operate effectively in an increasingly complex security environment;
                     40. Recognizes that the effective implementation of peacekeeping mandates is
               the responsibility of all stakeholders and is contingent upon several critical factors,
               including well-defined, realistic, and achievable mandates, political will, leadership,
               performance and accountability at all levels, adequate resources, policy, planning, and
               operational guidelines, and training and equipment, urges Member States to provide
               troops and police that have adequate capabilities and mindset, including regarding
               language skills, pre-deployment and, where appropriate, in situ training, and
               equipment, including enablers, specific to the operating environment, requests troop
               and police contributing countries to implement relevant provisions of resolution 2538
               (2020) notes the potential adverse effects on mandate implementation of national
               caveats which have not been declared and accepted by the Secretary-General prior to
               deployment, highlights that lack of effective command and control, refusal to obey
               orders, failure to respond to attacks on civilians, declining to participate in or
               undertake patrols may adversely affect the shared responsibility for effective mandate
               implementation, and calls on Members State to declare all national caveats, prior to
               the contingent deployment, provide troops and police with the minimum of declared
               caveats, and to fully and effectively implement the provisions of the Memoranda of
               Understanding (MoU) signed with the United Nations;
                     41. Requests the Secretary-General, Member States, and the CAR authorities
               to continue to take all appropriate measures to ensure the safety, security and freedom
               of movement of MINUSCA’s personnel with unhindered and immediate access
               throughout the CAR, in line with resolution 2518 (2020), notes with concern the grave
               risks violations of the Status of Forces Agreement can present to the safety and
               security of United Nations personnel serving in peacekeeping operations, a nd
               requests the Secretary-General to implement the provisions of resolution 2589 (2021)
               for establishing accountability for crimes against peacekeepers;
                    42. Requests the Secretary-General fully implement the following capacities
               and existing obligations in the planning and conduct of MINUSCA’s operations:
                    – strengthening the implementation of a mission-wide early warning and response
                      strategy, as part of a coordinated approach to information gathering, incident
                      tracking and analysis, monitoring, verification, early warning and
                      dissemination, and response mechanisms, including response mechanisms to
                      threats and attacks against civilians that may involve violations and abuses of

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            human rights or violations of international humanitarian law, as well as to
            prepare for further potential attacks on United Nations personnel and facilities,
            and ensure gender-sensitive conflict analysis is mainstreamed across all early
            warning and conflict prevention efforts;
           – encouraging the use of confidence-building, facilitation, mediation, community
             engagement, and strategic communications to support the mission’s protection,
             information gathering, and situational awareness activities;
           – prioritizing enhanced mission mobility and active patrolling to better execute
             its mandate in areas of emerging protection risks and emerging threats, including
             in remote locations, and prioritize deployment of forces with appropriate air,
             land, and water assets, to support the mission’s protection, information
             gathering, and situational awareness activities;
           – improving MINUSCA’s intelligence and analysis capacities, including
             surveillance and monitoring capacities, within the limits of its mandate;
           – providing training, knowledge and equipment to counter explosive devices,
             including enhanced support to troop- and police-contributing countries to
             deploy the environment specific mine-protected vehicles needed under the
             current Force requirements;
           – implementing more effective casualty and medical evacuation procedures,
             including the Standard Operating Procedure on Decentralized Casualty
             Evacuation, as well as deploying enhanced medical evacuation capacities;
           – taking active and effective measures to improve the planning and functioning of
             MINUSCA’s safety and security facilities and arrangements;
           – securing long-term rotation schemes for critical capabilities as well as exploring
             innovative options to promote partnerships between equipment, troop- and
             police-contributing countries;
           – ensuring that any support provided to non-United Nations security forces is
             provided in strict compliance with the HRDDP, including the monitoring and
             reporting on how support is used and on the implementation of mitigating
             measures;
           – prioritizing mandated protection activities in decisions about the use of
             available capacity and resources within the mission, according to resolution
             1894 (2009);
           – strengthening its sexual and gender-based violence prevention and response
             activities in line with resolution 2467 (2019), including by assisting the parties
             with activities consistent with resolution 2467 (2019), and by ensuring that risks
             of sexual and gender-based violence are included in the Mission’s data
             collection and threat analysis and early warning systems by engaging in an
             ethical manner with survivors and victims of sexual and gender-based violence,
             and women’s organizations;
           – implementing resolution 1325 (2000) and all resolutions addressing women,
             peace, and security, including by seeking to increase the number of women in
             MINUSCA in line with resolution 2538 (2020), as well as to ensure the full,
             equal, and meaningful participation of women in all aspects of operations,
             including by ensuring safe, enabling and gender-sensitive working
             environments for women in peacekeeping operations, taking fully into account
             gender considerations as a crosscutting issue throughout its mandate, and
             reaffirming the importance of uniformed and civilian gender advisors, gender

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                     focal points in all mission components, gender expertise and capacity
                     strengthening in executing the mission mandate in a gender-responsive manner;
                    – taking fully into account child protection as a cross-cutting issue;
                    – implementing youth, peace and security under resolution 2250 (2015), 2419
                      (2018) and 2535 (2020);
                    – implementing peacekeeping performance requirements under resolutions 2378
                      (2017) and 2436 (2018);
                    – implementing the United Nations zero-tolerance policy on serious misconduct,
                      sexual exploitation and abuse, and sexual harassment, and all actions under
                      resolution 2272 (2016), and to report to the Security Council if such cases of
                      misconduct occur;
                    43. Urges troop- and police-contributing countries to continue taking
               appropriate action to prevent sexual exploitation and abuse, including vetting of all
               personnel, predeployment and in-mission awareness training, to ensure full
               accountability in cases of such conduct involving their personnel, including through
               timely investigations of all allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse by troop - and
               police-contributing countries to hold perpetrators accountable, to repatriate units
               when there is credible evidence of widespread or systemic sexual exploitation and
               abuse by those units, and to report to the United Nations fully and promptly on actions
               undertaken;
                     44. Requests MINUSCA to consider the environmental impacts of its
               operations when fulfilling its mandated tasks and, in this context, to manage them as
               appropriate and in accordance with applicable and relevant General Assembly
               resolutions and United Nations rules and regulations;
                     45. Encourages the Secretary-General to implement and keep under
               continuous update the integrated strategic framework setting the United Nations’
               overall vision, joint priorities and internal division of labour to sustain peace in CAR,
               including enhanced coordination with donors, requests the Secretary-General to
               ensure an efficient division of tasks and complementarity of efforts between
               MINUSCA and the entities comprising the UNCT based on their mandates and
               comparative advantages as well as to continuously adjust their deployment according
               to the progress made in the implementation of MINUSCA’s mandate, while stressing
               the importance of adequate resources and capacity for the UNCT, underscores the
               critical nature of enhanced UNCT presence and activity in CAR to facilitate
               integration across the UN system and longer term peacebuilding, and calls on Member
               States and relevant organizations to consider providing the necessary voluntary
               funding to this end;

               Child protection
                     46. Requests MINUSCA to take fully into account child protection as a crosscutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the CAR authorities in ensuring that
               the protection of children’s rights is taken into account, inter alia, in the DDRR and
               SSR processes, including through quality education provided in a safe environment
               in conflict areas, in order to end and prevent violations and abuses against children;

               Gender
                     47. Requests MINUSCA to take fully into account gender mainstreaming as a
               cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the CAR authorities in
               ensuring the full, equal and meaningful participation, involvement and representation
               of women, including survivors of sexual violence, in all spheres and at all levels,

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           including in the political and reconciliation process and the mechanisms established
           for the implementation of the APPR, stabilization activities, transitional justice, the
           work of the SCC and of the Truth, Justice, Reparation and Reconciliation
           Commission, SSR and DDRR processes, the preparation and holding of the local
           elections through, inter alia, the provision of gender advisers, and requests troop- and
           police-contributing countries to implement relevant provisions of resolution 2538
           (2020) and all other relevant resolutions on reducing barriers to and increasing
           women’s participation at all levels and in all positions in peacekeeping, including by
           ensuring safe, enabling and gender-sensitive working environments for women in
           peacekeeping operations;

           Weapon and ammunition management
                 48. Requests MINUSCA to actively seize, record, dispose of, and destroy, as
           appropriate, weapons and ammunitions of disarmed combatants and armed groups
           who refuse or fail to lay down their arms and present an imminent threat to civilians
           or the stability of the State, in keeping with its efforts to seize and collect arms and
           any related material the supply, sale or transfer of which violate the measures imposed
           by paragraphs 1 of resolution 2588 (2021);
                 49. Requests MINUSCA to provide support to the CAR authorities in their
           efforts to achieve progress on the key benchmarks for the review of the arms embargo
           measures, established in the statement of its President of 9 April 2019
           (S/PRST/2019/3) (“the key benchmarks”), and calls on other regional and
           international partners to provide coordinated support to the CAR authorities in these
           efforts, in line with resolution 2588 (2021);

           MINUSCA Freedom of movement
                 50. Urges all parties in the CAR to cooperate fully with the deployment and
           activities of MINUSCA, in particular by ensuring its safety, security and freedom of
           movement with unhindered and immediate access throughout the territory of the CAR
           to enable MINUSCA to carry out fully its mandate in a complex environment;
                 51. Calls upon Member States, especially those in the region, to ensure the
           free, unhindered and expeditious movement to and from the CAR of all personnel, as
           well as equipment, provisions, supplies and other goods, including vehicles and spare
           parts, which are for the exclusive and official use of MINUSCA;

           Humanitarian access and humanitarian appeal
                52. Demands that all parties allow and facilitate the full, safe, immediate and
           unhindered access for the timely delivery of humanitarian assistance to populations
           in need, in particular to internally displaced persons, throughout the territory of the
           CAR, in accordance with relevant provisions of international law and consistent with
           the humanitarian principles;
                 53. Further demands that all parties ensure respect and protection of all
           medical personnel and humanitarian personnel exclusively engaged in medical duties,
           their means of transport and equipment, as well as hospitals and other medical
           facilities;
                 54. Strongly condemns the continued attacks as well as threats of attacks that
           are in contravention of international humanitarian law against schools and civilians
           connected with schools, including children and teachers, and urges all parties to
           armed conflict to immediately cease such attacks and threats of attacks and to refrain
           from actions that impede access to education;

21-16627                                                                                19/21

S/RES/2605 (2021)

                     55. Calls on Member States and international and regional organisations to
               respond swiftly to the humanitarian needs identified in the humanitarian response
               plan through increased contributions and to ensure that all pledges are honoured in
               full and in a timely manner;

               Support to MINUSCA
                     56. Authorises French armed forces, within the provisions of their existing
               bilateral agreement with the CAR and the limits of their capacities and areas of
               deployment, at the request of the Secretary-General, to use all the means to provide
               operational support to elements of MINUSCA when under serious threat, from the
               date of adoption of this resolution, and requests France to ensure reporting to the
               Council on the implementation of this mandate and to coordinate its reporting with
               that of the Secretary-General referred to in paragraph 58 of this resolution;

               Reports by the Secretary-General
                    57. Requests the Secretary-General to provide integrated, evidence-based and
               data-driven analysis, strategic assessments and frank advice to the Security Council,
               using the data collected and analysed through the Comprehensive Planning and
               Performance Assessment System (CPAS) and other strategic planning and
               performance measurement tools to describe the mission’s impact, to facilitate as
               necessary a re-evaluation of the mission composition and mandate based on realities
               on the ground, and further, requests the Secretary-General to review and report on a
               regular basis the conditions required for the transition, drawdown and withdrawal of
               the United Nations operation, in a manner which does not prejudice overall efforts to
               support long term objectives for peace and stability;
                    58.(a) Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Council on 15 February
               2022, 15 June 2022 and 14 October 2022, including on:
                    – the situation in the CAR, including the security situation, the respect by all
                      parties of the ceasefire, the political process, the implementation of the APPR,
                      including efforts made by MINUSCA to support the ceasefire and DDRR
                      process, progress on mechanisms and capacity to advance governance and fiscal
                      management, and relevant information on the progress, promotion and
                      protection of human rights and international humanitarian law and on the
                      protection of civilians;
                    – violations of the Status of Forces Agreement and follow up on efforts to hold
                      perpetrators accountable, including through joint investigations, as well as
                      attacks, provocations and incitement to hatred and violence and disinformation
                      campaigns against MINUSCA;
                    – the status of the implementation of MINUSCA’s mandated tasks, including
                      instances in which MINUSCA was unable to reach civilians in response to POC
                      alerts;
                    – force and police generation and deployment of all MINUSCA’s constituent
                      elements, and information on the progress in the implementation of the measures
                      taken to improve MINUSCA’s performance, including measures to ensure force
                      effectiveness as outlined in paragraphs 37 to 45, as well as information on the
                      implementation of the zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse as
                      outlined in paragraphs 42 and 43;
                    – overall Mission performance, the Mission’s implementation of the Integrated
                      Peacekeeping Performance and Accountability Framework (IPPAF) and
                      Comprehensive Planning and Performance Assessment System (CPAS);
                      including information on undeclared caveats, declining to participate in or

20/21                                                                                21-16627

                                                                                S/RES/2605 (2021)

            undertake patrols and their impact on the mission, and how the reported cases
            of under-performance are addressed;
           – implementation, performance and necessity ahead of each phase of the
             reinforcements decided in resolution 2566 (2021) and recalled in this resolution;
            (b)   Also requests the Secretary-General to provide the Council with:
           – an evaluation, no later than May 2022, of the logistical support provided to CAR
             defence and security forces in line with paragraph 35 of this resolution,
             including by providing appropriate financial information;
           – a mid-report by June 2022 on MINUSCA’s overall effectiveness and
             configuration, to identify gaps in objectives and outcomes, in order to better
             achieve its mandate;
            59.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

21-16627                                                                                21/21

Security Council resolution 2605 (2021) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) until 15 Nov. 2022]

Angola|Central African Republic|China|France|Morocco|Russian Federation|Rwanda|Sudan

Eastern Asia|Eastern Europe|Northern Africa|Sub-Saharan Africa|Western Europe

UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic|Political Agreement for Peace and Reconciliation in the Central African Republic (2019)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|PEACE AGREEMENTS|INTERNAL SECURITY|CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

S/76 [227] UN MULTIDIMENSIONAL INTEGRATED STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
S/76 [181] CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC SITUATION
S/ X The situation in the Central African Republic.


               United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2606 (2021)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                15 November 2021

               Resolution 2606 (2021)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8904th meeting, on
               15 November 2021

                    The Security Council,
                     Reaffirming all previous resolutions and Presidential statements concerning the
               situation in Abyei and along the border between Sudan and South Sudan and
               underlining the importance of full compliance with and implementation of these,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of Sudan and South Sudan,
                    Recognizing that the current situation in Abyei and along the border between
               Sudan and South Sudan continues to constitute a threat to international peace and
               security,
                     1.    Decides to extend until 15 December 2021 the mandate of UNISFA as set
               out in paragraphs 1 and 2 of resolution 2575 (2021), which refer to relevant provisions
               in resolutions 1990 (2011), 2024 (2011), 2075 (2012), and 2550 (2020);
                    2.    Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

21-16768 (E)
*2116768*

Security Council resolution 2606 (2021) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 Dec. 2021]

UN Interim Security Force for Abyei|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|DEMILITARIZED ZONES|ABYEI (SUDAN)|SUDAN|SOUTH SUDAN

S/76 [217] UN INTERIM SECURITY FORCE FOR ABYEI
S/76 [160] SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/76 [223] SOUTH SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/ X Reports of the Secretary-General on the Sudan and South Sudan.