Resolution 668 (1990)
of 20 September 1990

The Security Council,

Convinced of the need to find an early, just and lasting
peaceful solution of the Cambodia conflict,

Noting that the Paris Conference on Cambodia, which
met from 30 July to 30 August 1989, made progress in
elaborating a wide variety of elements necessary for reaching a comprehensive political settlement,

Taking note with appreciation of the continuing efforts
of China, France, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics,
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
and the United States of America, which have resulted in
the framework for a comprehensive political settlement of
the Cambodia conflict, 115

Also taking note with appreciation of the efforts of the
countries of the Association of South-East Asian Nations
and other countries involved in promoting the search for a
comprehensive political settlement,

Further taking note with appreciation of the efforts of
Indonesia and France as Co-Presidents of the Paris Conference on Cambodia and of all participants in the Conference to facilitate the restoration of peace to Cambodia,

Noting that these efforts are aimed at enabling the Cambodian people to exercise their inalienable right to self-determination through free and fair elections organized and
conducted by the United Nations in a neutral political
environment with full respect for the national sovereignty
of Cambodia,

1. Endorses the framework for a comprehensive political settlement of the Cambodia conflict'!S and encourages
the continuing efforts of China, France, the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of
America in this regard;

2. Welcomes the acceptance of this framework in its
entirety by all the Cambodian parties, as the basis for
settling the Cambodia conflict, at the informal meeting of
the Cambodian parties at Jakarta on 10 September 19906
and their commitment to it;

3. Also welcomes the commitment of the Cambodian
parties, in full co-operation with all other participants in
the Paris Conference on Cambodia, to elaborating this
framework into a comprehensive political settlement
through the processes of the Conference;

4. Welcomes, in particular, the agreement reached by
all Cambodian parties at Jakarta 116 to form a Supreme
National Council as the unique legitimate body and source
of authority in which, throughout the transitional period,
the independence, national sovereignty and unity of Cambodia is embodied;

5. Urges the members of the Supreme National Council, in full accord with the framework document, to elect
the Chairman of the Council as soon as possible, so as to
implement the agreement referred to in paragraph 4 above;

6. Notes that the Supreme National Council will therefore represent Cambodia externally and it is to designate
its representatives to occupy the seat of Cambodia at the
United Nations, in the United Nations specialized agencies
and in other international institutions and international
conferences;

7. Urges all parties to the conflict to exercise maximum self-restraint so as to create the peaceful climate
required to facilitate the achievement and the implementation of a comprehensive political settlement;

8. Calls upon the Co-Presidents of the Paris Conference to intensify their consultations with a view to reconvening the Conference, whose task will be to elaborate and
adopt the comprehensive political settlement and to draw
up a detailed plan of implementation in accord with the
above-mentioned framework;

9. Urges the Supreme National Council, all Cambodians and all parties to the conflict to co-operate fully in this
process;

10. Encourages the Secretary-General to continue,
within the context of preparations for reconvening the
Paris Conference and on the basis of the present resolution,
preparatory studies to assess the resource implications,
timing and other considerations relevant to the United
Nations role;

11. Calls upon all States to support the achievement of
a comprehensive political settlement as outlined in the
above-mentioned framework.

Adopted unanimously at the
2491st meeting.

115 Official Records of the Security Council, Forty-fifth Year, Supplement for July, August and September 1990, document S/21689, annex.
116 Ibid., document S/21732, annex.

Security Council resolution 668 (1990) [endorsing the Framework for a comprehensive political settlement of the Cambodia conflict]

Eastern Asia|Northern America|Northern Europe|South-eastern Asia|Western Europe

Cambodia. Supreme National Council|Paris Conference on Cambodia (1989-1991 : Paris)|NEGOTIATION|CHINA|FRANCE|USSR|UNITED KINGDOM|UNITED STATES|CAMBODIA SITUATION|CONFERENCES


Resolution 669 (1990)
of 24 September 1990

The Security Council,
Recalling its resolution 661 (1990) of 6 August 1990,

Recalling also Article 50 of the Charter of the United
Nations,

Conscious of the fact that an increasing number of
requests for assistance have been received under the provisions of Article 50 of the Charter,

Entrusts the Security Council Committee established by
resolution 661 (1990) concerning the situation between
Iraq and Kuwait with the task of examining requests for
assistance under the provisions of Article 50 of the Charter
and making recommendations to the President of the Security Council for appropriate action.

Adopted unanimously at the
2942nd meeting.

Security Council resolution 669 (1990) [on requests for assistance under the provisions of Article 50 of the Charter of the United Nations]

UN. Security Council Committee Established by Resolution 661 (1990) concerning the Situation between Iraq and Kuwait|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|MILITARY OCCUPATION|IRAQ|KUWAIT|SANCTIONS|IRAQ|ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE|SANCTIONS COMPLIANCE|IRAQ-KUWAIT SITUATION


Resolution 670 (1990)
of 25 September 1990

The Security Council,

Reaffirming its resolutions 660 (1990) of 2 August 1990,
661 (1990) of 6 August 1990, 662 (1990) of 9 August 1990,
664 (1990) of 18 August 1990, 665 (1990) of 25 August
1990, 666 (1990) of 13 September 1990 and 667 (1990) of
16 September 1990,

Condemning Iraq’s continued occupation of Kuwait, its
failure to rescind its actions and end its purported annexation and its holding of third-State nationals against their
will, in flagrant violation of resolutions 660 (1990), 662
(1990), 664 (1990) and 667 (1990) and of international
humanitarian law,

Condemning also the treatment by Iraqi forces of Kuwaiti nationals, including measures to force them to leave
their own country and mistreatment of persons and property in Kuwait in violation of international law,

Noting with grave concern the persistent attempts to
evade the measures laid down in resolution 661 (1990),

Noting also that a number of States have limited the
number of Iraqi diplomatic and consular officials in their
countries and that others are planning to do so,

Determined to ensure by all necessary means the strict
and complete application of the measures laid down in
resolution 661 (1990),

Determined also to ensure respect for its decisions and
the provisions of Articles 25 and 48 of the Charter of the
United Nations,

Affirming that any acts of the Government of Iraq which
are contrary to the above-mentioned resolutions or to Articles 25 or 48 of the Charter, such as Decree No. 377 of
16 September 1990 of the Revolutionary Command Council of Iraq, are null and void,

Reaffirming its determination to ensure compliance with
its resolutions by maximum use of political and diplomatic
means,

Welcoming the Secretary-General’s use of his good offices to advance a peaceful solution based on the relevant
resolutions of the Council and noting with appreciation his
continuing efforts to this end,

Underlining to the Government of Iraq that its continued
failure to comply with the terms of resolutions 660 (1990),
661 (1990), 662 (1990), 664 (1990), 666 (1990) and 667
(1990) could lead to further serious action by the Council
under the Charter, including under Chapter VII,

Recalling the provisions of Article 103 of the Charter,

Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter,

1. Calls upon all States to carry out their obligations
to ensure strict and complete compliance with resolution
661 (1990) and in particular paragraphs 3, 4 and 5 thereof,

2. Confirms that resolution 661 (1990) applies to all
means of transport, including aircraft;

3. Decides that all States, notwithstanding the existence of any rights or obligations conferred or imposed by
any international agreement or any contract entered into or
any licence or permit granted before the date of the present
resolution, shall deny permission to any aircraft to take off
from their territory if the aircraft would carry any cargo to
or from Iraq or Kuwait other than food in humanitarian
circumstances, subject to authorization by the Security
Council or the Security Council Committee established by
resolution 661 (1990) concerning the situation between
Iraq and Kuwait and in accordance with resolution 666
(1990), or supplies intended strictly for medical purposes
or solely for the United Nations Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group;

4. Decides also that all States shall deny permission to
any aircraft destined to land in Iraq or Kuwait, whatever
its State of registration, to overfly their territory unless:

(a) The aircraft lands at an airfield designated by the
State outside Iraq or Kuwait in order to permit its inspection to ensure that there is no cargo on board in violation
of resolution 661 (1990) or the present resolution, and for
this purpose the aircraft may be detained for as long as
necessary; or

(b) The particular flight has been approved by the
Security Council Committee; or

(c) The flight is certified by the United Nations as
solely for the purposes of the Military Observer Group;

5. Decides further that each State shall take all necessary measures to ensure that any aircraft registered in its
territory or operated by an operator who has his principal
place of business or permanent residence in its territory
complies with the provisions of resolution 661 (1990) and
the present resolution;

6. Decides moreover that all States shall notify in a
timely fashion the Security Council Committee of any
flight between its territory and Iraq or Kuwait to which the
requirement to land in paragraph 4 above does not apply,
and the purpose for such a flight;

7. Calls upon all States to co-operate in taking such
measures as may be necessary, consistent with international law, including the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation of 7 December 1944, 111 to ensure the
effective implementation of the provisions of resolution
661 (1990) or the present resolution;

8. Also calls upon all States to detain any ships of Iraqi
registry which enter their ports and which are being or have
been used in violation of resolution 661 (1990), or to deny
such ships entrance to their ports except in circumstances
recognized under international law as necessary to safeguard human life;

9. Reminds all States of their obligations under resolution 661 (1990) with regard to the freezing of Iraqi assets,
and the protection of the assets of the legitimate Government of Kuwait and its agencies, located within their
territory and to report to the Security Council Committee
regarding those assets;

10. Further calls upon all States to provide to the
Security Council Committee information regarding the
action taken by them to implement the provisions laid
down in the present resolution;

11. Affirms that the United Nations, the specialized
agencies and other international organizations in the
United Nations system are required to take such measures
as may be necessary to give effect to the terms of resolution
661 (1990) and of the present resolution;

12. Decides to consider, in the event of evasion of the
provisions of resolution 661 (1990) or of the present resolution by a State or its nationals or through its territory,
measures directed at the State in question to prevent such
evasion;

13. Reaffirms that the Geneva Convention relative to
the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12
August 1949,!% applies to Kuwait and that, as a High
Contracting Party to the Convention, Iraq is bound to
comply fully with all its terms and in particular is liable
under the Convention in respect of the grave breaches
committed by it, as are individuals who commit or order
the commission of grave breaches.

Adopted at the 2943rd meeting by
14 votes to 1 (Cuba).

Security Council resolution 670 (1990) [on air embargo against Iraq]

Cuba|Iran, Islamic Republic of|Iraq|Kuwait

Latin America and the Caribbean|Southern Asia|Western Asia

Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|SANCTIONS|SHIPS|IRAQ|FOOD SUPPLY|FROZEN ASSETS|AIR TRANSPORT|IRAQ|KUWAIT|MEDICAL SUPPLIES|IRAQ-KUWAIT SITUATION


Resolution 671 (1990)
of 27 September 1990

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolutions 598 (1987) of 20 July 1987, 619
(1988) of 9 August 1988, 631 (1989) of 8 February 1989,
642 (1989) of 29 September 1989 and 651 (1990) of 29
March 1990,

Having considered the report of the Secretary-General
on the United Nations Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group
of 21 September 1990,”4 and taking note of the observations expressed therein,

1. Decides to extend the mandate of the United Nations
Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group for a further period of
two months, that is, until 30 November 1990, as recommended by the Secretary-General;

2. Requests the Secretary-General to submit, during
November, a report on his further consultations with the
parties about the future of the Military Observer Group,
together with his recommendations on this matter.

Adopted unanimously at the
2944th meeting.

Security Council resolution 671 (1990) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group]

UN Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|IRAQ|IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)|CONSULTATIONS

S/45 [62] UN IRAN-IRAQ MILITARY OBSERVER GROUP


Resolution 672 (1990)
of 12 October 1990

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolutions 476 (1980) of 30 June 1980 and
478 (1980) of 20 August 1980,

Reaffirming that a just and lasting solution to the ArabIsraeli conflict must be based on its resolutions 242 (1967)
of 22 November 1967 and 338 (1973) of 22 October 1973,
through an active negotiating process which takes into
account the right to security for all States in the region,
including Israel, as well as the legitimate political rights
of the Palestinian people,

Taking into consideration the statement of the Secretary-General relative to the purpose of the mission he is sending
to the region and conveyed to the Council by the President
on 12 October 1990, 43

1. Expresses alarm at the violence which took place on
8 October at the Haram al-Sharif and other Holy Places of
Jerusalem resulting in over twenty Palestinian deaths and
the injury of more than one hundred and fifty people,
including Palestinian civilians and innocent worshippers;

2. Condemns especially the acts of violence committed
by the Israeli security forces resulting in injuries and loss
of human life;

3. Calls upon Israel, the occupying Power, to abide
scrupulously by its legal obligations and responsibilities
under the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of
Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August 1949, 40
which is applicable to all the territories occupied by Israel
since 1967;

4. Requests, in connection with the decision of the
Secretary-General to send a mission to the region, which
the Council welcomes, that he submit a report to the
Security Council, before the end of October 1990, containing his findings and conclusions and that he use as appropriate all of the resources of the United Nations in the
region in carrying out the mission.

Adopted unanimously at the
2948th meeting.

43 See 2948th meeting.

Security Council resolution 672 (1990) [on violence committed by Israeli security forces against Palestinians]

Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949)|POLITICAL VIOLENCE|ARMED INCIDENTS|FACT-FINDING MISSIONS|ISRAEL|JERUSALEM|TERRITORIES OCCUPIED BY ISRAEL|PALESTINIANS|CIVILIAN PERSONS|TREATIES|MIDDLE EAST SITUATION

S/45 [37] TERRITORIES OCCUPIED BY ISRAEL


Resolution 673 (1990)
of 24 October 1990

The Security Council,

Reaffirming the obligations of Member States under the
Charter of the United Nations,

Reaffirming also its resolution 672 (1990) of 12 October
1990,

Having been briefed by the Secretary-General on 19
October 1990,

Expressing alarm at the rejection of resolution 672
(1990) by the Israeli Government, and its refusal to accept
the mission of the Secretary-General,

Taking into consideration the statement of the Secretary-General relative to the purpose of the mission he is sending
to the region and conveyed to the Council by the President
on 12 October 1990, 43

Gravely concerned at the continued deterioration of the
situation in the occupied territories,

1. Deplores the refusal of the Israeli Government to
receive the mission of the Secretary-General to the region;

2. Urges the Israeli Government to reconsider its decision and insists that it comply fully with resolution 672
(1990) and permit the mission to proceed in keeping with
its purpose;

3. Requests the Secretary-General to submit to the
Security Council the report requested in resolution 672
(1990);

4. Affirms its determination to give full and expeditious consideration to the report.

Adopted unanimously at the
2949th meeting.

43 See 2948th meeting.

Security Council resolution 673 (1990) [on refusal of Israel to receive a mission of the Secretary-General]

FACT-FINDING MISSIONS|POLITICAL VIOLENCE|ARMED INCIDENTS|ISRAEL|JERUSALEM|PALESTINIANS|TERRITORIES OCCUPIED BY ISRAEL|MIDDLE EAST SITUATION


Resolution 674 (1990)
of 29 October 1990

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolutions 660 (1990) of 2 August 1990,
661 (1990) of 6 August 1990, 662 (1990) of 9 August 1990,
664 (1990) of 18 August 1990, 665 (1990) of 25 August
1990, 666 (1990) of 13 September 1990, 667 (1990) of 16
September 1990 and 670 (1990) of 25 September 1990,

Stressing the urgent need for the immediate and unconditional withdrawal of all Iraqi forces from Kuwait and for
the restoration of Kuwait’s sovereignty, independence and
territorial integrity and of the authority of its legitimate
Government,

Condemning the actions by the Iraqi authorities and
occupying forces to take third-State nationals hostage and
to mistreat and oppress Kuwaiti and third-State nationals,
and the other actions reported to the Council, such as the
destruction of Kuwaiti demographic records, the forced
departure of Kuwaitis, the relocation of population in
Kuwait and the unlawful destruction and seizure of public
and private property in Kuwait, including hospital supplies
and equipment, in violation of the decisions of the Council,
the Charter of the United Nations, the Geneva Convention
relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of
War, of 12 August 1949, 105 the Vienna Convention on
Diplomatic Relations of 18 April 1961, 106 the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations of 24 April 1963 107 and
international law,

Expressing grave alarm over the situation of third-State
nationals in Kuwait and Iraq, including the personnel of
the diplomatic and consular missions of such States,

Reaffirming that the above-mentioned Geneva Convention applies to Kuwait and that, as a High Contracting Party
to the Convention, Iraq is bound to comply fully with all
its terms and in particular is liable under the Convention
in respect of the grave breaches committed by it, as are
individuals who commit or order the commission of grave
breaches,

Recalling the efforts of the Secretary-General concerning the safety and well-being of third-State nationals in
Iraq and Kuwait,

Deeply concerned at the economic cost and at the loss
and suffering caused to individuals in Kuwait and Iraq as
a result of the invasion and occupation of Kuwait by Iraq,

Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter,

Reaffirming the goal of the international community of
maintaining international peace and security by seeking to
resolve international disputes and conflicts through peaceful means,

Recalling the important role that the United Nations and
the Secretary-General have played in the peaceful solution
of disputes and conflicts in conformity with the provisions
of the Charter,

Alarmed by the dangers of the present crisis caused by
the Iraqi invasion and occupation of Kuwait, which directly threaten international peace and security, and seeking to avoid any further worsening of the situation,

Calling upon Iraq to comply with its relevant resolutions, in particular resolutions 660 (1990), 662 (1990) and
664 (1990),

Reaffirming its determination to ensure compliance by
Iraq with its resolutions by maximum use of political and
diplomatic means,

A

1. Demands that the Iraqi authorities and occupying
forces immediately cease and desist from taking third-State nationals hostage, mistreating and oppressing Kuwaiti and third-State nationals and any other actions, such
as those reported to the Council and described above, that
violate the decisions of the Council, the Charter of the
United Nations, the Geneva Convention relative to the
Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August
1949, 105 the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations
of 18 April 1961, 106 the Vienna Convention on Consular
Relations of 24 April 1963 107 and international law;

2. Invites States to collate substantiated information in
their possession or submitted to them on the grave breaches
by Iraq as per paragraph 1 above and to make this information available to the Council;

3. Reaffirms its demand that Iraq immediately fulfil its
obligations to third-State nationals in Kuwait and Iraq,
including the personnel of diplomatic and consular missions, under the Charter, the above-mentioned Geneva
Convention, the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, general principles of international law and the relevant resolutions of the Council;

4. Also reaffirms its demand that Iraq permit and facilitate the immediate departure from Kuwait and Iraq of those
third-State nationals, including diplomatic and consular
personnel, who wish to leave;

5. Demands that Iraq ensure the immediate access to
food, water and basic services necessary to the protection
and well-being of Kuwaiti nationals and of third-State
nationals in Kuwait and Iraq, including the personnel of
diplomatic and consular missions in Kuwait;

6. Reaffirms its demand that Iraq immediately protect
the safety and well-being of diplomatic and consular personnel and premises in Kuwait and in Iraq, take no action
to hinder these diplomatic and consular missions in the
performance of their functions, including access to their
nationals and the protection of their person and interests,
and rescind its orders for the closure of diplomatic and
consular missions in Kuwait and the withdrawal of the
immunity of their personnel;

7. Requests the Secretary-General, in the context of the
continued exercise of his good offices concerning the
safety and well-being of third-State nationals in Iraq and
Kuwait, to seek to achieve the objectives of paragraphs 4,
5 and 6 above, in particular the provision of food, water
and basic services to Kuwaiti nationals and to the diplomatic and consular missions in Kuwait and the evacuation
of third-State nationals;

8. Reminds Iraq that under international law it is liable
for any loss, damage or injury arising in regard to Kuwait
and third States, and their nationals and corporations, as a
result of the invasion and illegal occupation of Kuwait by
Iraq;

9. Invites States to collect relevant information regarding their claims, and those of their nationals and corporations, for restitution or financial compensation by Iraq,
with a view to such arrangements as may be established in
accordance with international law;

10. Requires that Iraq comply with the provisions of
the present resolution and its previous resolutions, failing
which the Council will need to take further measures under
the Charter;

11. Decides to remain actively and permanently seized
of the matter until Kuwait has regained its independence
and peace has been restored in conformity with the relevant
resolutions of the Security Council.

B

12. Reposes its trust in the Secretary-General to make
available his good offices and, as he considers appropriate,
to pursue them and to undertake diplomatic efforts in order
to reach a peaceful solution to the crisis caused by the Iraqi
invasion and occupation of Kuwait, on the basis of resolutions 660 (1990), 662 (1990) and 664 (1990), and calls
upon all States, both those in the region and others, to
pursue on this basis their efforts to this end, in conformity
with the Charter, in order to improve the situation and
restore peace, security and stability;

13. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the
Security Council on the results of his good offices and
diplomatic efforts.

Adopted at the 295 1st meeting by
13 votes to none, with 2 abstentions (Cuba and Yemen).

Security Council resolution 674 (1990) [on protection of third-State nationals in Iraq and Kuwait]

Latin America and the Caribbean|Western Asia

Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|WAR DAMAGE COMPENSATION|NON-CITIZENS|HOSTAGES|DIPLOMATS' SECURITY|MILITARY OCCUPATION|FOOD SUPPLY|WATER SUPPLY|IRAQ|KUWAIT|EMBASSIES|KUWAIT|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|IRAQ-KUWAIT SITUATION


Resolution 675 (1990)
of 5 November 1990

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolutions 637 (1989) of 27 July 1989 and
644 (1989) of 7 November 1989, as well as the statement
made by the President of the Council on its behalf on 7
November 1989, 89

1. Approves the report of the Secretary-General of 26
October 1990; 99

2. Decides to extend, under its authority, the mandate
of the United Nations Observer Group in Central America,
as defined in resolution 644 (1989), for a further period of
six months, that is, until 7 May 1991, bearing in mind the
report of the Secretary-General and the need to continue
to monitor expenditures carefully during this period of
increasing demands on peace-keeping resources;

3. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security
Council fully informed of further developments and to
report on all aspects of the operations of the Observer
Group before the expiry of the new mandate period.

Adopted unanimously at the
2952nd meeting.

99 Ibid., document S$/21909.

Security Council resolution 675 (1990) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Observer Group in Central America]

UN Observer Group in Central America|UN OBSERVER GROUP IN CENTRAL AMERICA > FINANCING.|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|CENTRAL AMERICA|CENTRAL AMERICA SITUATION|FINANCING

S/45 [79] UN OBSERVER GROUP IN CENTRAL AMERICA


Resolution 676 (1990)
of 28 November 1990

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolutions 598 (1987) of 20 July 1987, 619
(1988) of 9 August 1988, 631 (1989) of 8 February 1989,
642 (1989) of 29 September 1989, 651 (1990) of 29 March
1990 and 671 (1990) of 27 September 1990,

Having considered the report of the Secretary-General
on the United Nations Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group
of 23 November 1990 76 and taking note of the observations
expressed therein,

1. Decides to extend the mandate of the United Nations
Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group for a further period of
two months, that is, until 31 January 1991, as recommended by the Secretary-General;

2. Requests the Secretary-General to submit, during
January 1991, a report on his further consultations with the
parties about the future of the Military Observer Group,
together with his recommendations on this matter.

Adopted unanimously at the
2961st meeting.

76 Ibid., document S/21960.

Security Council resolution 676 (1990) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group]


Resolution 677 (1990)
of 28 November 1990

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolutions 660 (1990) of 2 August 1990,
662 é 1990) of 9 August 1990 and 674 (1990) of 29 October

Reiterating its concern for the suffering caused to individuals in Kuwait as a result of the invasion and occupation
of Kuwait by Iraq,

Gravely concerned at the ongoing attempt by Iraq to
alter the demographic composition of Kuwait and to destroy the civil records maintained by the legitimate Government of Kuwait,

Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United
Nations,

1. Condemns the attempts by Iraq to alter the demographic composition of Kuwait and to destroy the civil
records maintained by the legitimate Government of Kuwait;

2. Mandates the Secretary-General to take custody of
a copy of the population register of Kuwait, the authenticity of which has been certified by the legitimate Government of Kuwait and which covers the registration of the
population up to 1 August 1990;

3. Requests the Secretary-General to establish, in cooperation with the legitimate Government of Kuwait, an
order of rules and regulations governing access to and use
of the said copy of the population register.

Adopted unanimously at the
2962nd meeting.

Security Council resolution 677 (1990) [on Iraqi attempt to alter the demographic composition of Kuwait]

Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|POPULATION COMPOSITION|ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS|CIVIL REGISTRATION|RULES AND REGULATIONS|KUWAIT|MILITARY OCCUPATION|ANNEXATION OF TERRITORY|IRAQ|KUWAIT|LEGITIMACY OF GOVERNMENTS|IRAQ-KUWAIT SITUATION


Resolution 678 (1990)
of 29 November 1990

The Security Council,

Recalling and reaffirming its resolutions 660 (1990) of
2 August 1990, 661 (1990) of 6 August 1990, 662 (1990)
of 9 August 1990, 664 (1990) of 18 August 1990, 665
(1990) of 25 August 1990, 666 (1990) of 13 September
1990, 667 (1990) of 16 September 1990, 669 (1990) of 24
September 1990, 670 (1990) of 25 September 1990, 674
(1990) of 29 October 1990 and 677 (1990) of 28 November
1990,

Noting that, despite all efforts by the United Nations,
Iraq refuses to comply with its obligation to implement
resolution 660 (1990) and the above-mentioned subsequent relevant resolutions, in flagrant contempt of the
Security Council,

Mindful of its duties and responsibilities under the Charter of the United Nations for the maintenance and preservation of international peace and security,

Determined to secure full compliance with its decisions,
Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter,

1. Demands that Iraq comply fully with resolution 660
(1990) and all subsequent relevant resolutions, and decides, while maintaining all its decisions, to allow Iraq one
final opportunity, as a pause of goodwill, to do so;

2. Authorizes Member States co-operating with the
Government of Kuwait, unless Iraq on or before 15 January
1991 fully implements, as set forth in paragraph 1 above,
the above-mentioned resolutions, to use all necessary
means to uphold and implement resolution 660 (1990) and
all subsequent relevant resolutions and to restore international peace and security in the area;

3. Requests all States to provide appropriate support
for the actions undertaken in pursuance of paragraph 2
above;

4. Requests the States concerned to keep the Security
Council regularly informed on the progress of actions
undertaken pursuant to paragraphs 2 and 3 above;

5. Decides to remain seized of the matter.

Adopted at the 2963rd meeting by
12 votes to 2 (Cuba and Yemen),
with 1 abstention (China).

Security Council resolution 678 (1990) [authorizing Member States to use all necessary means to implement Security Council resolution 660 (1990) and all relevant resolutions]

Eastern Asia|Latin America and the Caribbean|Western Asia

Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|MILITARY OCCUPATION|TROOP WITHDRAWAL|IRAQ|KUWAIT|IRAQ-KUWAIT SITUATION


Resolution 679 (1990)
of 30 November 1990

The Security Council,
Having considered the report of the Secretary-General
on the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force. 27

Decides:

(a) To call upon the parties concerned to implement
immediately its resolution 338 (1973) of 22 October 1973,

(b) To renew the mandate of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force for another period of six
months, that is, until 31 May 1991,

(c) To request the Secretary-General to submit, at the
end of this period, a report on the developments in the
situation and the measures taken to implement resolution
338 (1973).

Adopted unanimously at the
2964th meeting.

27 Ibid., document S/21950 and Corr. 1.

Security Council resolution 679 (1990) [on renewal of the mandate of the UN Disengagement Observer Force]

UN Disengagement Observer Force|TRUCE SUPERVISION|MIDDLE EAST|MIDDLE EAST SITUATION

S/45 [18] UN DISENGAGEMENT OBSERVER FORCE


Resolution 680 (1990)
of 14 December 1990

The Security Council,

Taking note of the report of the Secretary-General on the
United Nations operation in Cyprus of 7 and 14 December
1990, 66

Taking note also of the recommendation by the Secretary-General that the Security Council extend the stationing of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus
for a further period of six months,

Noting that the Government of Cyprus has agreed that
in view of the prevailing conditions in the island it is
necessary to keep the Force in Cyprus beyond 15 December 1990,

Reaffirming the provisions of resolution 186 (1964) of
4 March 1964 and other relevant resolutions,

1. Extends once more the stationing in Cyprus of the
United Nations Peace-keeping Force established under
resolution 186 (1964) for a further period ending on 15
June 1991;

2. Requests the Secretary-General to continue his mission of good offices to keep the Security Council informed
of the progress made and to submit a report on the implementation of the present resolution by 31 May 1991;

3. Calls upon all the parties concerned to continue to
co-operate with the Force on the basis of the present
mandate.

Adopted at the 2969th meeting by
14 votes to none with 1
abstention (Canada).

66 Ibid., documents S/21981 and Add.1.

Security Council resolution 680 (1990) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus]

UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|CYPRUS|CYPRUS QUESTION

S/45 [11] UN PEACEKEEPING FORCE IN CYPRUS


Resolution 681 (1990)
of 20 December 1990

The Security Council,

Reaffirming the obligations of Member States under the
Charter of the United Nations,

Reaffirming also the principle of the inadmissibility of
the acquisition of territory by war, set forth in resolution
242 (1967) of 22 November 1967,

Having received the report of the Secretary-General
submitted in accordance with resolution 672 (1990) of 12
October 1990 on ways and means of ensuring the safety
and protection of the Palestinian civilians under Israeli
occupation, 46 and taking note in particular of paragraphs
20 to 26 thereof,

Taking note of the interest of the Secretary-General to
visit and to send his envoy to pursue his initiative with the
Israeli authorities, as indicated in paragraph 22 of his
report, and of their recent invitation extended to him,

Gravely concerned at the dangerous deterioration of the
situation in all the Palestinian territories occupied by Israel
since 1967, including Jerusalem, and at the violence and
rising tension in Israel,

Taking into consideration the statement made by the
President of the Security Council on 20 December 1990 45
concerning the method and approach for a comprehensive,
just and lasting peace in the Arab-Israeli conflict,

Recalling its resolutions 607 (1988) of 5 January 1988,
608 (1988) of 14 January 1988, 636 (1989) of 6 July 1989
and 641 (1989) of 30 August 1989, and alarmed by the
decision of the Government of Israel to deport four Palestinians from the occupied territories in contravention of its
obligations under the Geneva Convention relative to the
Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August
1949, 40

1. Expresses its appreciation to the Secretary-General
for his report;

2. Expresses its grave concern over the rejection by
Israel of its resolutions 672 (1990) of 12 October 1990 and
673 (1990) of 24 October 1990;

3. Deplores the decision by the Government of Israel,
the occupying Power, to resume the deportation of Palestinian civilians in the occupied territories;

4. Urges the Government of Israel to accept the de jure
applicability of the Geneva Convention relative to the
Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August
1949, 40 to all the territories occupied by Israel since 1967
and to abide scrupulously by the provisions of the Convention;
5. Calls upon the High Contracting Parties to the said
Convention to ensure respect by Israel, the occupying
Power, for its obligations under the Convention in accordance with article 1 thereof;

6. Requests the Secretary-General, in co-operation
with the International Committee of the Red Cross, to
develop further the idea, expressed in his report, of convening a meeting of the High Contracting Parties to the
said Convention to discuss possible measures that might
be taken by them under the Convention and, for this
purpose, to invite the Parties to submit their views on how
the idea could contribute to the goals of the Convention,
as well as on other relevant matters, and to report thereon
to the Council;

7. Also requests the Secretary-General to monitor and
observe the situation regarding Palestinian civilians under
Israeli occupation, making new efforts in this regard on an
urgent basis, and to utilize and designate or draw upon the
United Nations and other personnel and resources present
there, in the area and elsewhere, needed to accomplish this
task, and to keep the Security Council regularly informed;

8. Further requests the Secretary-General to submit a
first progress report to the Security Council by the first
week of March 1991 and to report every four months
thereafter, and decides to remain seized of the matter as
necessary.

Adopted unanimously at the
2970th meeting.

46 Official Records of the Security Council, Forty-fifth Year, Supplement for October, November and December 1990, documents S/21919
and Corr.1 and Add.1-3.

Security Council resolution 681 (1990) [on Palestinian civilians under Israeli occupation]

International Committee of the Red Cross|Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949)|DEPORTATION|ISRAEL|PALESTINIANS|CIVILIAN PERSONS|TERRITORIES OCCUPIED BY ISRAEL|TREATIES|CONFERENCES|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|MIDDLE EAST SITUATION


Resolution 682 (1990)
of 21 December 1990

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolution 186 (1964) of 4 March 1964
establishing the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in
Cyprus for an initial period of three months,

Recalling also its subsequent resolutions extending the
stationing in Cyprus of the United Nations Peace-keeping
Force, most recently its resolution 680 (1990) of 14 December 1990,

Reaffirming the statement of the President of the Council
of 30 May 1990,** in which the members emphasized that
United Nations peace-keeping operations must be
launched and maintained on a sound and secure financial
basis,

Concerned about the chronic and ever-deepening financial crisis facing the Force, as described in the report of
the Secretary-General 66 and as expressed in the statement
of the President of the Council of 15 June 1990, 57

1. Decides to examine the problem of the costs and
financing of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in
Cyprus in all its aspects, bearing in mind the financial
crisis facing the Force and the report of the Secretariat
Review Team of 7 December 1990, 67 and to report by 1
June 1991 on alternative arrangements for meeting the
costs of the Force for which the United Nations is responsible, in order to place the Force on a sound and secure
financial basis;

2. Also decides to consider, not later than early June
1991, comprehensively and favourably the results of the
examination mentioned in paragraph 1 above, with a view
to putting into effect an alternative method of financing the
Force which could, inter alia, include the use of assessed
contributions, simultaneously with the extension of the
mandate on or before 15 June 1991.

Adopted unanimously at the
2971st meeting.

67 Ibid., document S/21982.

Security Council resolution 682 (1990) [on financing of the UN Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus]

UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus > Financing|UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus > Budget contributions|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|CYPRUS|CYPRUS QUESTION|FINANCING|BUDGET CONTRIBUTIONS


Resolution 683 (1990)
of 22 December 1990

The Security Council,

Recalling Chapter XII of the Charter of the United
Nations, which established an international trusteeship
system,

Conscious of its responsibility relating to strategic areas
as set forth in Article 83, paragraph 1, of the Charter,

Recalling its resolution 21 (1947) of 2 April 1947, by
which it approved the Trusteeship Agreement for the former Japanese Mandated Islands, 118 since known as the
Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands,

Noting that the Trusteeship Agreement designated the
United States of America as Administering Authority of
the Trust Territory,

Mindful that article 6 of the Trusteeship Agreement, in
conformity with Article 76 of the Charter, obligated the
Administering Authority, inter alia, to promote the development of the inhabitants of the Trust Territory toward
self-government or independence as may be appropriate to
the particular circumstances of the Trust Territory and its
peoples and the freely expressed wishes of the peoples
concerned,

Aware that, towards this end, negotiations between the
Administering Authority and representatives of the Trust
Territory began in 1969 and resulted in the conclusion of
a Compact of Free Association in the case of the Federated
States of Micronesia and the Marshall Islands, and a Commonwealth Covenant in the case of the Northern Mariana
Islands,

Satisfied that the peoples of the Federated States of
Micronesia, the Marshall Islands and the Northern Mariana Islands have freely exercised their right to self-determination in approving their respective new status agreements in plebiscites observed by visiting missions of the
Trusteeship Council and that, in addition to these plebiscites, the duly constituted legislatures of these entities
have adopted resolutions approving the respective new
status agreements, thereby freely expressing their wish to
terminate the status of these entities as parts of the Trust
Territory,

Hoping that the people of Palau will be able in due
course to complete the process of freely exercising their
right to self-determination,

Taking note of Trusteeship Council resolution 2183
(LIII) of 28 May 1986 and of subsequent reports of the
Trusteeship Council to the Security Council,

Determines, in the light of the entry into force of the new
status agreements for the Federated States of Micronesia,
the Marshall Islands and the Northern Mariana Islands,
that the objectives of the Trusteeship Agreement have been
fully attained, and that the applicability of the Trusteeship
Agreement has terminated, with respect to those entities.

Adopted at the 2972nd meeting
by 14 votes to 1 (Cuba).

Security Council resolution 683 (1990) [on partial termination of the Trusteeship Agreement for the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands]

Cuba|Micronesia, Federated States of|Japan|Marshall Islands|Northern Mariana Islands|Palau|United States

Eastern Asia|Latin America and the Caribbean|Micronesia|Northern America

Covenant to Establish a Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in Political Union with the United States of America (1975)|Compact of Free Association (1982)|Trusteeship Agreement for the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (1947)|POLITICAL STATUS|PALAU|PLEBISCITES|TREATIES|MICRONESIA (FEDERATED STATES OF)|MARSHALL ISLANDS|NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS|TREATIES|UNITED STATES|PACIFIC ISLANDS (TRUST TERRITORY) QUESTION|TRUSTEESHIP AGREEMENTS|SELF-DETERMINATION OF PEOPLES

S/45 [25] PACIFIC ISLANDS (TRUST TERRITORY) QUESTION


Resolution 684 (1991)
of 30 January 1991

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolutions 425 (1978) and 426 (1978) of 19
March 1978, 501 (1982) of 25 February 1982, 508 (1982) of 5
June 1982, 509 (1982) of 6 June 1982 and 520 (1982) of 17
September 1982, as well as all its resolutions on the situation in
Lebanon,

Having studied the report of the Secretary-General of 23
and 28 January 1991 on the United Nations Interim Force in
Lebanon, 13 and taking note of the observations expressed
therein, and without prejudice to the views of the Member
States thereon,

Taking note of the letter dated 14 January 1991 from the
Permanent Representative of Lebanon to the United Nations
addressed to the Secretary-General, 14

Responding to the request of the Government of Lebanon,

1. Decides to extend the present mandate of the United
Nations Interim Force in Lebanon for a further period of six
months, that is, until 31 July 1991;

2. Reiterates its strong support for the territorial integrity,
sovereignty and independence of Lebanon within its internationally recognized boundaries;

3. Re-emphasizes the terms of reference and general
guidelines of the Force as stated in the report of the Secretary-General of 19 March 1978, 15 approved by resolution 426 (1978),
and calls upon all parties concerned to cooperate fully with the
Force for the full implementation of its mandate;

4. Reiterates that the Force should fully implement its
mandate as defined in resolutions 425 (1978), 426 (1978) and
all other relevant resolutions;

5. Requests the Secretary-General to continue consultations with the Government of Lebanon and other parties
directly concerned with the implementation of the present
resolution and to report to the Security Council thereon.

Adopted unanimously at the 2975th
meeting

Security Council resolution 684 (1991) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon]

UN Interim Force in Lebanon|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|LEBANON|LEBANON SITUATION|MIDDLE EAST SITUATION


Resolution 685 (1991)
of 31 January 1991

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolutions 598 (1987) of 20 July 1987, 619
(1988) of 9 August 1988, 631 (1989) of 8 February 1989, 642
(1989) of 29 September 1989, 651 (1990) of 29 March 1990, 671
(1990) of 27 September 1990 and 676 (1990) of 28 November
1990,

Having considered the report of the Secretary-General on
the United Nations Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group of 28
January 1991," and taking note of the observations expressed
therein,

1. Decides to extend the mandate of the United Nations
Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group for a further period of one
month, that is, until 28 February 1991, as recommended by the
Secretary-General;

2. Requests the Secretary-General to submit, during
February 1991, a report on his further consultations with the
parties about the future of the Group, together with his
recommendations on this matter.

Adopted unanimously at the 2976th
meeting

Security Council resolution 685 (1991) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group]

UN Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)|IRAQ

S/46 [62] UN IRAN-IRAQ MILITARY OBSERVER GROUP


Resolution 686 (1991)
of 2 March 1991

The Security Council,

Recalling and reaffirming its resolutions 660 (1990) of 2
August 1990, 661 (1990) of 6 August 1990, 662 (1990) of 9
August 1990, 664 (1990) of 18 August 1990, 665 (1990) of 25
August 1990, 666 (1990) of 13 September 1990, 667 (1990) of
16 September 1990, 669 (1990) of 24 September 1990, 670
(1990) of 25 September 1990, 674 (1990) of 29 October 1990,
677 (1990) of 28 November 1990 and 678 (1990) of 29 November 1990,

Recalling the obligations of Member States under Article
25 of the Charter of the United Nations,

Recalling also paragraph 9 of resolution 661 (1990)
regarding assistance to the Government of Kuwait and paragraph 3 (c) of that resolution regarding supplies strictly for
medical purposes and, in humanitarian circumstances, food-stuffs,

Taking note of the letters dated 27 February 1991 from the
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs of Iraq
addressed to the President of the Security Council and to the
Secretary-General, confirming Iraq’s agreement to comply fully
with all of the resolutions noted above, 40 and of his letter of the
same date addressed to the President of the Security Council
stating Iraq’s intention to release prisoners of war immediately. 41

Noting the suspension of offensive combat operations by
the forces of Kuwait and the Member States cooperating with
Kuwait pursuant to resolution 678 (1990),

Bearing in mind the need to be assured of Iraq’s peaceful
intentions, and the objective expressed in resolution 678 (1990)
of restoring international peace and security in the region,

Underlining the importance of Iraq taking the necessary
measures which would permit a definitive end to the hostilities,

Affirming the commitment of all Member States to the
independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Iraq and
Kuwait, and noting the intention expressed by the Member
States cooperating with Kuwait under paragraph 2 of resolution
678 (1990) to bring their military presence in Iraq to an end as
soon as possible consistent with achieving the objectives of that
resolution,

Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter,

1. Affirms that all twelve resolutions noted above
continue to have full force and effect;

Z. Demands that Iraq implement its acceptance of all
twelve resolutions noted above and in particular that Iraq:

(a) Rescind immediately its actions purporting to annex
Kuwait;

(b) Accept in principle its liability under international law
for any loss, damage or injury arising in regard to Kuwait and
third States and their nationals and corporations, as a result of
the invasion and illegal occupation of Kuwait by Iraq;

(c) Immediately release under the auspices of the
International Committee of the Red Cross, Red Cross Societies
or Red Crescent Societies all Kuwaiti and third-State nationals
detained by Iraq and return the remains of any deceased
Kuwaiti and third-State nationals so detained;
(d) Immediately begin to return all Kuwaiti property
seized by Iraq, the return to be completed in the shortest
possible period;

3. Also demands that Iraq:

(a) Cease hostile or provocative actions by its forces
against all Member States, including missile attacks and flights
of combat aircraft;

(b) Designate military commanders to meet with counterparts from the forces of Kuwait and the Member States
cooperating with Kuwait pursuant to resolution 678 (1990) to
arrange for the military aspects of a cessation of hostilities at
the earliest possible time;

(c) Arrange for immediate access to and release of all
prisoners of war under the auspices of the International
Committee of the Red Cross and return the remains of any
deceased personnel of the forces of Kuwait and the Member
States cooperating with Kuwait pursuant to resolution 678
(1990);

(d) Provide all information and assistance in identifying
Iraqi mines, booby traps and other explosives as well as any
chemical and biological weapons and material in Kuwait, in
areas of Iraq where forces of Member States cooperating with
Kuwait pursuant to resolution 678 (1990) are present temporarily, and in the adjacent waters;

4. Recognizes that during the period required for Iraq to
comply with paragraphs 2 and 3 above, the provisions of
paragraph 2 of resolution 678 (1990) remain valid;

5. Welcomes the decision of Kuwait and the Member
States cooperating with Kuwait pursuant to resolution 678
(1990) to provide access to and commence immediately the
release of Iraqi prisoners of war under the auspices of the
International Committee of the Red Cross, as required by the
terms of the Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of
Prisoners of War, of 12 August 1949; 42

6. Requests all Member States, as well as the United
Nations, the specialized agencies and other international
organizations in the United Nations system, to take all appropriate action to cooperate with the Government and people of
Kuwait in the reconstruction of their country;

7. Decides that Iraq shall notify the Secretary-General
and the Security Council when it has taken the actions set out
above;

8. Also decides, in order to secure the rapid establishment of a definitive end to the hostilities, to remain actively
seized of the matter.

Adopted at the 2978th meeting by 11
votes to 1 (Cuba), with 3 abstentions
(China, India, Yemen).

Security Council resolution 686 (1991) [on the end of hostilities in the Gulf region]

Eastern Asia|Latin America and the Caribbean|Southern Asia|Western Asia

International Committee of the Red Cross|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|MILITARY OCCUPATION|ANNEXATION OF TERRITORY|WAR DAMAGE COMPENSATION|PRISONERS OF WAR|DETAINED PERSONS|NON-CITIZENS|IRAQ|KUWAIT|RECONSTRUCTION|KUWAIT|CHEMICAL WEAPONS|BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS|EXPLOSIVES|LANDMINES|IRAQ|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|IRAQ-KUWAIT SITUATION


Resolution 687 (1991)
of 3 Apri] 1991

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolutions 660 (1990) of 2 August 1990, 661
(1990) of 6 August 1990, 662 (1990) of 9 August 1990, 664
(1990) of 18 August 1990, 665 (1990) of 25 August 1990, 666
(1990) of 13 September 1990, 667 (1990) of 16 September 1990,
669 (1990) of 24 September 1990, 670 (1990) of 25 September
1990, 674 (1990) of 29 October 1990, 677 (1990) of 28 November 1990, 678 (1990) of 29 November 1990 and 686 (1991) of
2 March 1991,

Welcoming the restoration to Kuwait of its sovereignty,
independence and territorial integrity and the return of its
legitimate Government.

Affirming the commitment of all Member States to the
sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of
Kuwait and Iraq, and noting the intention expressed by the
Member States cooperating with Kuwait under paragraph 2 of
resolution 678 (1990) to bring their military presence in Iraq to
an end as soon as possible consistent with paragraph 8 of
resolution 686 (1991),

Reaffirming the need to be assured of Iraq’s peaceful
intentions in the light of its unlawful invasion and occupation
of Kuwait,

Taking note of the letter dated 27 February 1991 from the
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs of Iraq
addressed to the President of the Security Council 41 and of his
letters of the same date addressed to the President of the
Council and to the Secretary-General, and those letters dated
3 March 56 and 5 March 57 he addressed to them, pursuant to
resolution 686 (1991),

Noting that Iraq and Kuwait, as independent sovereign
States, signed at Baghdad on 4 October 1963 "Agreed Minutes
between the State of Kuwait and the Republic of Iraq regarding
the restoration of friendly relations, recognition and related
matters", 58 thereby formally recognizing the boundary between
Iraq and Kuwait and the allocation of islands, which Agreed
Minutes were registered with the United Nations in accordance
with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations and in
which Iraq recognized the independence and complete sovereignty of the State of Kuwait with its boundaries as specified in
the letter of the Prime Minister of Iraq dated 21 July 1932 and
as accepted by the ruler of Kuwait in his letter dated 10 August
1932,

Conscious of the need for demarcation of the said boundary,

Conscious also of the statements by Iraq threatening to use
weapons in violation of its obligations under the Protocol for
the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous
or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare,
signed at Geneva on 17 June 1925, 59 and of its prior use of
chemical weapons, and affirming that grave consequences would
follow any further use by Iraq of such weapons,

Recalling that Iraq has subscribed to the Final Declaration
adopted by all States participating in the Conference of States
Parties to the 1925 Geneva Protocol and Other Interested
States, held in Paris from 7 to 11 January 1989, 60 establishing
the objective of universal elimination of chemical and biological
weapons,
Recalling also that Iraq has signed the Convention on the
Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of
Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their
Destruction, of 10 April 1972, 61

Noting the importance of Iraq ratifying the Convention,

Noting also the importance of all States adhering to the
Convention and encouraging its forthcoming review conference
to reinforce the authority, efficiency and universal scope of the
Convention,

Stressing the importance of an early conclusion by the
Conference on Disarmament of its work on a convention on the
universal prohibition of chemical weapons and of universal
adherence thereto,

Aware of the use by Iraq of ballistic missiles in unprovoked
attacks and therefore of the need to take specific measures in
regard to such missiles located in Iraq,

Concerned by the reports in the hands of Member States
that Iraq has attempted to acquire materials for a nuclear-weapons programme contrary to its obligations under the
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons of 1 July
1968,

Recalling the objective of the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region of the Middle East,

Conscious of the threat that all weapons of mass destruction pose to peace and security in the area and of the need to
work towards the establishment in the Middle East of a zone
free of such weapons,

Conscious also of the objective of achieving balanced and
comprehensive control of armaments in the region,

Conscious further of the importance of achieving the
objectives noted above using all available means, including a
dialogue among the States of the region,

Noting that resolution 686 (1991) marked the lifting of the
measures imposed by resolution 661 (1990) in so far as they
applied to Kuwait,

Noting also that despite the progress being made in
fulfilling the obligations of resolution 686 (1991), many Kuwaiti
and third-State nationals are still not accounted for and
property remains unreturned,

Recalling the International Convention against the Taking
of Hostages, 63 opened for signature in New York on 18
December 1979, which categorizes all acts of taking hostages as
manifestations of international terrorism,

Deploring threats made by Iraq during the recent conflict
to make use of terrorism against targets outside Iraq and the
taking of hostages by Iraq,

Taking note with grave concern of the reports transmitted
by the Secretary-General on 20 March 53 and 28 March 1991, 54
and conscious of the necessity to meet urgently the humanitarian needs in Kuwait and Iraq,

Bearing in mind its objective of restoring international
peace and security in the area as set out in its recent resolutions,

Conscious of the need to take the following measures
acting under Chapter VII of the Charter,

1. Affirms all thirteen resolutions noted above, except as
expressly changed below to achieve the goals of the present
resolution, including a formal cease-fire;

A

2. Demands that Iraq and Kuwait respect the inviolability
of the international boundary and the allocation of islands set
out in the "Agreed Minutes between the State of Kuwait and
the Republic of Iraq regarding the restoration of friendly
relations, recognition and related matters", 58 signed by them in
the exercise of their sovereignty at Baghdad on 4 October 1963

and registered with the United Nations;

3. Calls upon the Secretary-General to lend his assistance
to make arrangements with Iraq and Kuwait to demarcate the
boundary between Iraq and Kuwait, drawing on appropriate
material including the maps transmitted with the letter dated 28
March 1991 addressed to him by the Permanent Representative
of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
to the United Nations, 65 and to report back to the Council
within one month;

4. Decides to guarantee the inviolability of the above-mentioned international boundary and to take, as appropriate,
all necessary measures to that end in accordance with the
Charter of the United Nations;

B

5. Requests the Secretary-General, after consulting with
Iraq and Kuwait, to submit within three days to the Council for
its approval a plan for the immediate deployment of a United
Nations observer unit to monitor the Khawr ’Abd Allah and a
demilitarized zone, which is hereby established, extending ten
kilometres into Iraq and five kilometres into Kuwait from the
boundary referred to in the "Agreed Minutes between the State
of Kuwait and the Republic of Iraq regarding the restoration of
friendly relations, recognition and related matters"; to deter
violations of the boundary through its presence in and surveillance of the demilitarized zone and to observe any hostile or
potentially hostile action mounted from the territory of one
State against the other; and also requests the Secretary-General
to report regularly to the Council on the operations of the unit
and to do so immediately if there are serious violations of the
zone or potential threats to peace;
6. Notes that as soon as the Secretary-General notifies
the Council of the completion of the deployment of the United
Nations observer unit, the conditions will be established for the
Member States cooperating with Kuwait in accordance with
resolution 678 (1990) to bring their military presence in Iraq to
an end consistent with resolution 686 (1991);

C

7. Invites Iraq to reaffirm unconditionally its obligations
under the Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of
Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological
Methods of Warfare, signed at Geneva on 17 June 1925, 59 and
to ratify the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological)
and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction, of 10 April
1972; 61

8. Decides that Iraq shall unconditionally accept the
destruction, removal, or rendering harmless, under international
supervision, of:

(a) All chemical and biological weapons and all stocks of
agents and all related subsystems and components and all
research, development, support and manufacturing facilities
related thereto;

(b) All ballistic missiles with a range greater than one
hundred and fifty kilometres, and related major parts and
repair and production facilities;

9. Decides also, for the implementation of paragraph 8,
the following:

(a) Iraq shall submit to the Secretary-General, within
fifteen days of the adoption of the present resolution, a
declaration on the locations, amounts and types of all items
specified in paragraph 8 and agree to urgent, on-site inspection
as specified below;

(b) The Secretary-General, in consultation with the
appropriate Governments and, where appropriate, with the
Director-General of the World Health Organization, within
forty-five days of the adoption of the present resolution shall
develop and submit to the Council for approval a plan calling
for the completion of the following acts within forty-five days
of such approval:

(i) The forming of a special commission which shall
carry out immediate on-site inspection of Iraq’s
biological, chemical and missile capabilities,
based on Iraq’s declarations and the designation
of any additional locations by the special commission itself;

(ii) The yielding by Iraq of possession to the Special
Commission for destruction, removal or rendering harmless, taking into account the requirements of public safety, of all items specified
under paragraph 8 (a), including items at the
additional locations designated by the Special
Commission under paragraph (i) and the destruction by Iraq, under the supervision of the Special
Commission, of all its missile capabilities, including launchers, as specified under paragraph 8 (b);

(iii) The provision by the Special Commission to the
Director General of the International Atomic
Energy Agency of the assistance and cooperation
required in paragraphs 12 and 13;

10. Decides further that Iraq shall unconditionally undertake not to use, develop, construct or acquire any of the items
specified in paragraphs 8 and 9, and requests the Secretary-General, in consultation with the Special Commission, to
develop a plan for the future ongoing monitoring and verification of Iraq’s compliance with the present paragraph, to be
submitted to the Council for approval within one hundred and
twenty days of the passage of the present resolution;

11. Invites Iraq to reaffirm unconditionally its obligations
under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons,
of 1 July 1968; 62

12. Decides that Iraq shall unconditionally agree not to
acquire or develop nuclear weapons or nuclear-weapon-usable
material or any subsystems or components or any research,
development, support or manufacturing facilities related to the
above; to submit to the Secretary-General and the Director
General of the International Atomic Energy Agency within
fifteen days of the adoption of the present resolution a declaration of the locations, amounts and types of all items specified
above; to place all of its nuclear-weapon-usable materials under
the exclusive control, for custody and removal, of the Agency,
with the assistance and cooperation of the Special Commission
as provided for in the plan of the Secretary-General discussed
in paragraph 9 (b); to accept, in accordance with the arrangements provided for in paragraph 13, urgent on-site inspection
and the destruction, removal or rendering harmless as appropriate of all items specified above; and to accept the plan discussed in paragraph 13 for the future ongoing monitoring and
verification of its compliance with these undertakings;

13. Requests the Director General of the International
Atomic Energy Agency, through the Secretary-General and with
the assistance and cooperation of the Special Commission as
provided for in the plan of the Secretary-General referred to in
paragraph 9 (b), to carry out immediate on-site inspection of
Iraq’s nuclear capabilities based on Iraq’s declarations and the
designation of any additional locations by the Special Commission; to develop a plan for submission to the Council within
forty-five days calling for the destruction, removal or rendering
harmless as appropriate of all items listed in paragraph 12; to
carry out the plan within forty-five days following approval by
the Council and to develop a plan, taking into account the
rights and obligations of Iraq under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, for the future ongoing
monitoring and verification of Iraq’s compliance with paragraph
12, including an inventory of all nuclear material in Iraq subject
to the Agency’s verification and inspections to confirm that
Agency safeguards cover all relevant nuclear activities in Iraq,
to be submitted to the Council for approval within one hundred
and twenty days of the adoption of the present resolution;

14. Notes that the actions to be taken by Iraq in paragraphs 8 to 13 represent steps towards the goal of establishing
in the Middle East a zone free from weapons of mass destruction and all missiles for their delivery and the objective of a
global ban on chemical weapons;

D

15. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the
Council on the steps taken to facilitate the return of all Kuwaiti
property seized by Iraq, including a list of any property that
Kuwait claims has not been returned or which has not been
returned intact;

E

16. Reaffirms that Iraq, without prejudice to its debts and
obligations arising prior to 2 August 1990, which will be
addressed through the normal mechanisms, is liable under
international Jaw for any direct loss, damage - including
environmental damage and the depletion of natural resources -
or injury to foreign Governments, nationals and corporations
as a result of its unlawful invasion and occupation of Kuwait;

17. Decides that all Iraqi statements made since 2 August
1990 repudiating its foreign debt are null and void, and
demands that Iraq adhere scrupulously to all of its obligations
concerning servicing and repayment of its foreign debt;

18. Decides also to create a fund to pay compensation for
claims that fall within paragraph 16 and to establish a commission that will administer the fund;

19. Directs the Secretary-General to develop and present
to the Council for decision, no later than thirty days following
the adoption of the present resolution, recommendations for
the Fund to be established in accordance with paragraph 18
and for a programme to implement the decisions in paragraphs
16 to 18, including the following: administration of the Fund;
mechanisms for determining the appropriate level of Iraq’s
contribution to the Fund, based on a percentage of the value of
its exports of petroleum and petroleum products, not to exceed
a figure to be suggested to the Council by the Secretary-General, taking into account the requirements of the people of
Iraq, Iraq’s payment capacity as assessed in conjunction with
the international financial institutions taking into consideration
external debt service, and the needs of the Iraqi economy;
arrangements for ensuring that payments are made to the Fund;
the process by which funds will be allocated and claims paid;
appropriate procedures for evaluating losses, listing claims and
verifying their validity, and resolving disputed claims in respect
of Iraq’s liability as specified in paragraph 16; and the composition of the Commission designated above;

F

20. Decides, effective immediately, that the prohibitions
against the sale or supply to Iraq of commodities or products
other than medicine and health supplies, and prohibitions
against financial transactions related thereto contained in
resolution 661 (1990), shall not apply to foodstuffs notified to
the Security Council Committee established by resolution 661
(1990) concerning the situation between Iraq and Kuwait or,
with the approval of that Committee, under the simplified and
accelerated "no-objection" procedure, to materials and supplies
for essential civilian needs as identified in the report to the
Secretary-General dated 20 March 1991, 53 and in any further
findings of humanitarian need by the Committee;

21. Decides to review the provisions of paragraph 20 every
sixty days in the light of the policies and practices of the
Government of Iraq, including the implementation of all
relevant resolutions of the Council, for the purpose of determining whether to reduce or lift the prohibitions referred to
therein;

22. Decides also that upon the approval by the Council of
the programme called for in paragraph 19 and upon Council
agreement that Iraq has completed all actions contemplated in
paragraphs 8 to 13, the prohibitions against the import of
commodities and products originating in Iraq and the prohibitions against financial transactions related thereto contained in
resolution 661 (1990) shall have no further force or effect;

23. Decides further that, pending action by the Council
under paragraph 22, the Security Council Committee established by resolution 661 (1990) concerning the situation
between Iraq and Kuwait shall be empowered to approve, when
required to assure adequate financial resources on the part of
Iraq to carry out the activities under paragraph 20, exceptions
to the prohibition against the import of commodities and
products originating in Iraq;

24. Decides that, in accordance with resolution 661 (1990)
and subsequent related resolutions and until it takes a further
decision, all States shall continue to prevent the sale or supply
to Iraq, or the promotion or facilitation of such sale or supply,
by their nationals or from their territories or using their flag
vessels or aircraft, of:

(a) Arms and related matériel of all types, specifically
including the sale or transfer through other means of all forms
of conventional military equipment, including for paramilitary
forces, and spare parts and components and their means of
production for such equipment;

(b) Items specified and defined in paragraphs 8 and 12
not otherwise covered above;

(c) Technology under licensing or other transfer arrangements used in the production, utilization or stockpiling of items
specified in paragraphs (a) and (b);
(d) Personnel or materials for training or technical
support services relating to the design, development, manufacture, use, maintenance or support of items specified in paragraphs (a) and (b);

25. Calls upon all States and international organizations
to act strictly in accordance with paragraph 24, notwithstanding
the existence of any contracts, agreements, licences or any other
arrangements;

26. Requests the Secretary-General, in consultation with
appropriate Governments, to develop within sixty days, for the
approval of the Council, guidelines to facilitate full international implementation of paragraphs 24, 25 and 27, and to
make them available to all States and to establish a procedure
for updating these guidelines periodically;

27. Calls upon all States to maintain such national controls
and procedures and to take such other actions consistent with
the guidelines to be established by the Council under paragraph
26 as may be necessary to ensure compliance with the terms of
paragraph 24, and calls upon international organizations to take
all appropriate steps to assist in ensuring such full compliance;

28. Agrees to review its decisions in paragraphs 22 to 25,
except for the items specified and defined in paragraphs 8 and
12, on a regular basis and in any case one hundred and twenty
days following the adoption of the present resolution, taking
into account Iraq’s compliance with the resolution and general
progress towards the control of armaments in the region;

29. Decides that all States, including Iraq, shall take the
necessary measures to ensure that no claim shall lie at the
instance of the Government of Iraq, or of any person or body
in Iraq, or of any person claiming through or for the benefit of
any such person or body, in connection with any contract or
other transaction where its performance was affected by reason
of the measures taken by the Council in resolution 661 (1990)
and related resolutions;

G

30. Decides that, in furtherance of its commitment to
facilitate the repatriation of all Kuwaiti and third-State nationals, Iraq shall extend ali necessary cooperation to the International Committee of the Red Cross by providing lists of such
persons, facilitating the access of the International Committee
to all such persons wherever located or detained and facilitating
the search by the International Committee for those Kuwaiti
and third-State nationals still unaccounted for;

31. Invites the International Committee of the Red Cross
to keep the Secretary-General apprised, as appropriate, of all
activities undertaken in connection with facilitating the repatriation or return of all Kuwaiti and third-State nationals or their
remains present in Iraq on or after 2 August 1990,

H

32. Requires Iraq to inform the Council that it will not
commit or support any act of international terrorism or allow
any organization directed towards commission of such acts to
operate within its territory and to condemn unequivocally and
renounce all acts, methods and practices of terrorism:

I

33. Declares that, upon official notification by Iraq to the
Secretary-General and to the Security Council of its acceptance
of the above provisions, a formal cease-fire is effective between
Iraq and Kuwait and the Member States cooperating with
Kuwait in accordance with resolution 678 (1990);

34. Decides to remain seized of the matter and to take
such further steps as may be required for the implementation
of the present resolution and to secure peace and security in
the region.

Adopted at the 298Ist meeting by 12
votes to 1 (Cuba) with 2 abstentions
(Ecuador, Yemen).

Security Council resolution 687 (1991) [on restoration of the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Kuwait]

Latin America and the Caribbean|Northern Europe|Western Asia

WHO|IAEA|International Committee of the Red Cross|UN Special Commission > Establishment|UN. Compensation Fund|UN. Compensation Commission|UN Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission|Agreed Minutes between the State of Kuwait and the Republic of Iraq regarding the Restoration of Friendly Relations, Recognition and Related Matters (1963)|Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (1968)|Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction (1972)|Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare (1925)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|NON-CITIZENS|CEASEFIRES|BOUNDARIES|TREATIES|MILITARY OCCUPATION|TRUCE SUPERVISION|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|WAR DAMAGE COMPENSATION|IRAQ|KUWAIT|CHEMICAL PLANTS|BALLISTIC MISSILES|WEAPONS DESTRUCTION|NUCLEAR FACILITIES|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|FOOD SUPPLY|EXTERNAL DEBT|SANCTIONS|TRADE BOYCOTTS|ARMS EMBARGO|ON-SITE INSPECTION|CHEMICAL WEAPONS|BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS|VERIFICATION|NUCLEAR WEAPONS|DETAINED PERSONS|NUCLEAR SAFEGUARDS|IRAQ|FUNDS|GUIDELINES|TERRORISM|MEDICAL SUPPLIES|IRAQ-KUWAIT SITUATION|PROPERTY|SOVEREIGNTY|REPATRIATION|KUWAIT


Resolution 688 (1991)
of 5 April 1991

The Security Council,
Mindful of its duties and its responsibilities under the

Charter of the United Nations for the maintenance of international peace and security,

Recalling the provisions of Article 2, paragraph 7, of the
Charter,

Gravely concerned by the repression of the Iraqi civilian
population in many parts of Iraq, including most recently in
Kurdish-populated areas, which led to a massive flow of
refugees towards and across international frontiers and to crossborder incursions which threaten international peace and
security in the region,

Deeply disturbed by the magnitude of the human suffering
involved,

Taking note of the letters dated 2 and 4 April 1991,
respectively, from the representatives of Turkey and France to
the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security
Council, 123

Taking note also of the letters dated 3 and 4 April 1991
from the Permanent Representative of the Islamic Republic of
Iran to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General, 124

Reaffirming the commitment of all Member States to
respect the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political
independence of Iraq and of all States in the region,
Bearing in mind the report transmitted by the Secretary-General on 20 March 1991,°

1. Condemns the repression of the Iraqi civilian population in many parts of Iraq, including most recently in Kurdish-populated areas, the consequences of which threaten international peace and security in the region;

2. Demands that Iraq, as a contribution to removing the
threat to international peace and security in the region,
immediately end this repression, and in the same context
expresses the hope that an open dialogue will take place to
ensure that the human and political rights of all Iraqi citizens
are respected;

3. Insists that Iraq allow immediate access by international humanitarian organizations to all those in need of
assistance in all parts of Iraq and make available all necessary
facilities for their operations;

4. Requests the Secretary-General to pursue his humanitarian efforts in Iraq and to report forthwith, if appropriate on
the basis of a further mission to the region, on the plight of the
Iraqi civilian population, and in particular the Kurdish population, suffering from the repression in all its forms inflicted by
the Iraqi authorities;

5. Also requests the Secretary-General to use all the
resources at his disposal, including those of the relevant United
Nations agencies, to address urgently the critical needs of the
refugees and displaced Iraqi population;

6. Appeals to all Member States and to ail humanitarian
organizations to contribute to these humanitarian relief efforts,

7. Demands that Iraq cooperate with the Secretary-General to these ends;
8. Decides to remain seized of the matter.

Adopted at the 2982nd meeting by 10
votes to 3 (Cuba, Yemen, Zimbabwe),
with 2 abstentions (China, India).

Security Council resolution 688 (1991) [on repression of the Iraqi civilian population, including Kurds in Iraq]

China|Cuba|France|India|Iran, Islamic Republic of|Iraq|Turkey|Yemen|Zimbabwe

Eastern Asia|Latin America and the Caribbean|Southern Asia|Sub-Saharan Africa|Western Asia|Western Europe

CIVILIAN PERSONS|KURDS|HUMAN RIGHTS|CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|IRAQ|INTERNATIONAL SECURITY|REFUGEE ASSISTANCE


Resolution 689 (1991)
of 9 April 1991

The Security Council,
Recalling its resolution 687 (1991) of 3 April 1991,

Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United
Nations,

1. Approves the report of the Secretary-General of 5 and
9 April 1991 on the implementation of paragraph 5 of Security
Council resolution 687 (1991); 66

2. Notes that the decision to set up an observer unit was
taken in paragraph 5 of resolution 687 (1991) and that the unit
can be terminated only by a further decision of the Council; the
Council shall therefore review the question of its termination
or continuation every six months;
3. Decides that the modalities for the initial six-month
period of the United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission
shall be in accordance with the above-mentioned report and
shall also be reviewed every six months.

Adopted unanimously at the 2983rd
meeting.

Security Council resolution 689 (1991) [on the UN Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission]

UN IRAQ-KUWAIT OBSERVATION MISSION > ESTABLISHMENT.|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|TRUCE SUPERVISION|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|IRAQ|KUWAIT|IRAQ-KUWAIT SITUATION

S/46 [68] UN IRAQ-KUWAIT OBSERVATION MISSION


Resolution 690 (1991)
of 29 April 1991

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolution 621 (1988) of 20 September 1988,
by which it,
inter alia, requested the Secretary-General to transmit to it a
report on the holding of a referendum for self-determination of
the people of Western Sahara and on ways and means to
ensure the organization and supervision of such a referendum
by the United Nations in cooperation with the Organization of
African Unity,

Recalling also that, on 30 August 1988, the Kingdom of
Morocco and the Frente Popular para la Liberación de Saguia
el-Hamra y de Rio de Oro gave their agreement in principle to
the proposals of the Secretary-General of the United Nations
and the current Chairman of the Assembly of Heads of State
and Government of the Organization of African Unity in the
framework of their joint mission of good offices,

Recalling further its resolution 658 (1990) of 27 June 1990,
by which it approved the report of the Secretary-General of 18
June 1990,” which contains the full text of the settlement
proposals as accepted by the two parties on 30 August 1988, as
well as an outline of the plan provided by the Secretary-General in order to implement those proposals, and by which
it requested the Secretary-General to transmit to it a further
detailed report on his implementation plan, containing in
particular an estimate of the cost of the United Nations Mission
for the Referendum in Western Sahara,

Desirous of reaching a just and lasting solution of the
question of Western Sahara,

Having examined the report of the Secretary-General of 19
April 1991 on the situation concerning Western Sahara, 143

1. Approves the report of the Secretary-General, transmitted to the Council m accordance with resolution 658
(1990); 143

2. Expresses its full support for the efforts of the Secretary-General for the organization and the supervision, by the
United Nations in cooperation with the Organization of African
Unity, of a referendum for self-determination of the people of
Western Sahara, in accordance with the objectives mentioned
in bis report;

3. Calls upon the two parties to cooperate fully with the
Secretary-General in the implementation of his plan as
described in his report of 18 June 1990"? and amplified in his
report of 19 April 1991; 143

4. Decides to establish, under its authority, a United
Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara in
accordance with the report of 19 April 1991;

5. Also decides ‘hat the transitional period will begin no
later than sixteen weeks after the General Assembly approves
the budget for the Mission;

6. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security
Council regularly informed of the implementation of his
settlement plan.

Adopted unanimously at the 2984th
meeting

Security Council resolution 690 (1991) [on establishment of the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara]

OAU|UN MISSION FOR THE REFERENDUM IN WESTERN SAHARA > ESTABLISHMENT.|PLEBISCITES|ELECTION VERIFICATION|WESTERN SAHARA|WESTERN SAHARA QUESTION|SELF-DETERMINATION OF PEOPLES|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS

S/46 [65] WESTERN SAHARA QUESTION
S/46 [42] UN MISSION FOR THE REFERENDUM IN WESTERN SAHARA


Resolution 691 (1991)
of 6 May 1991

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolutions 637 (1989) of 27 July 1989, 644
(1989) of 7 November 1989 and 675 (1990) of 5 November
1990, as well as the statement made by the President of the
Security Council on its behalf on 7 November 1989, 128

1. Approves the report of the Secretary-General of 29
April 1991; 129

2. Decides to extend, under its authority, the mandate of
the United Nations Observer Group in Central America, as
defined in resolution 644 (1989), for a further period of six
months, that is until 7 November 1991, bearing in mind the
report of the Secretary-General and the need to continue to
monitor expenditures carefully during this period of increasing
demands on peace-keeping resources;

3. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security
Council fully informed of further developments and to report
on all aspects of the operations of the Group before the expiry
of the new mandate period.

Adopted unanimously at the 2986th
meeting

Security Council resolution 691 (1991) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Observer Group in Central America]

UN Observer Group in Central America|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|CENTRAL AMERICA|CENTRAL AMERICA SITUATION

S/46 [79] UN OBSERVER GROUP IN CENTRAL AMERICA


Resolution 692 (1991)
of 20 May 1991

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolutions 674 (1990) of 29 October 1990, 686
(1991) of 2 March 1991 and 687 (1991) of 3 April 1991
concerning the liability of Iraq, without prejudice to its debts
and obligations arising prior to 2 August 1990, for any direct
loss, damage, including environmental damage and the
depletion of natural resources, or injury to foreign Governments, nationals and corporations as a result of Iraq’s unlawful
invasion and occupation of Kuwait,

Taking note of the report submitted by the Secretary-General on 2 May 1991 pursuant to paragraph 19 of resolution
687 (1991), 82

Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United
Nations,

1. Expresses its appreciation to the Secretary-General for
his report of 2 May 1991; 82

2. Welcomes the fact that the Secretary-General will now
undertake the appropriate consultations requested by paragraph
19 of resolution 687 (1991) so that he will be in a position to
recommend to the Council for decision as soon as possible the
figure which the level of Iraq’s contribution to the United
Nations Compensation Fund will not exceed;

3. Decides to establish the Fund and the United Nations
Compensation Commission referred to in paragraph 18 of
resolution 687 (1991) in accordance with section I of the
Secretary-General’s report, and decides also that the Governing
Council of the Commission will be located at the United
Nations Office at Geneva and that the Governing Council may
decide whether some of the activities of the Commission should
be carried out elsewhere;

4. Requests the Secretary-General to take the actions
necessary to implement paragraphs 2 and 3 in consultation with
the members of the Governing Council;

5. Directs the Governing Council to proceed in an
expeditious manner to implement the provisions of section E of
resolution 687 (1991), taking into account the recommendations
in section IT of the Secretary-General’s report;

6. Decides that the requirement for Iraqi contributions
will apply in the manner to be prescribed by the Governing
Council with respect to all Iraqi petroleum and petroleum
products exported from Iraq after 3 April 1991 as well as such
petroleum and petroleum products exported earlier but not
delivered or not paid for as a specific result of the prohibitions
contained in resolution 661 (1990) of 6 August 1990;

7. Requests the Governing Council to report as soon as
possible on the actions it has taken with regard to the mechanisms for determining the appropriate level of Iraq’s contribution
to the Fund and the arrangements for ensuring that payments
are made to the Fund, so that the Security Council can give its
approval in accordance with paragraph 22 of resolution 687
(1991);

8. Requests also that all States and international organizations cooperate with the decisions of the Governing Council
taken pursuant to paragraph 5, and further requests that the
Governing Council keep the Security Council informed on this
matter;

9. Decides that, if the Governing Council notifies the
Security Council that Iraq has failed to carry out decisions of
the Governing Council taken pursuant to paragraph 5, the
Security Council intends to retain or to take action to reimpose
the prohibition against the import of petroleum and petroleum
products originating in Iraq and financial transactions related
thereto;

10. Decides also to remain seized of this matter, and
requests the Governing Council to submit periodic reports to
the Secretary-General and the Security Council.

Adopted at the 2987th meeting by 14
votes to none, with 1 abstention (Cuba).

Security Council resolution 692 (1991) [on establishment of the UN Compensation Fund and the UN Compensation Commission under Security Council resolution 687 (1991)]

UN. COMPENSATION FUND > ESTABLISHMENT.|UN. COMPENSATION COMMISSION > ESTABLISHMENT.|UN. COMPENSATION COMMISSION. GOVERNING COUNCIL > ESTABLISHMENT.|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|SANCTIONS|EXTERNAL DEBT|OIL EMBARGO|WAR DAMAGE COMPENSATION|PETROLEUM EXPORTS|IRAQ|PETROLEUM IMPORTS|ESTABLISHMENT|BUDGET CONTRIBUTIONS|IRAQ-KUWAIT SITUATION


Resolution 693 (1991)
of 20 May 1991

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolution 637 (1989) of 27 July 1989, in which
it lent its full support to the Secretary-General for the continuation of his mission of good offices in Central America,

Recalling also the Geneva Agreement of 4 April 1990 131
and the Caracas Agenda of 21 May 1990 132 concluded between
the Government of El Salvador and the Frente Farabundo
Martí para la Liberación Nacional.

Deeply concerned at the persistence of and the increase in
the climate of violence in El Salvador, which seriously affects
the civilian population, and thus stressing the importance of the
full implementation of the Agreement on Human Rights signed
by the two parties at San José on 26 July 1990, 133

Welcoming the Mexico Agreements between the two parties
of 27 April 1991, 134

Having considered the reports of the Secretary-General of
21 December 1990 135 and 16 April and 20 May 1991, 136

Commending the Secretary-General and his Personal
Representative for Central America for their efforts at good
offices, and expressing its full support for their continuing
efforts to facilitate a peaceful settlement to the conflict in El
Salvador,

Underlining the great importance that it attaches to the
exercise of moderation and restraint by both sides to ensure the
security of all United Nations-employed personnel as well as to
the adoption by them of all other appropriate and necessary
measures to facilitate the negotiations leading to the achievement of the objectives set forth in the Geneva and other above-mentioned agreements as soon as possible, including their full
cooperation with the Secretary-General and his Personal
Representative to this end,

Recognizing the right of the parties to determine their own
negotiating process,

Calling upon both parties to pursue the current negotiations urgently and with flexibility, in a concentrated format on
the items agreed upon in the Caracas Agenda, in order to
reach, as a matier of priority, a political agreement on the
armed forces and the accords necessary for the cessation of the
armed confrontation and to achieve as soon as possible
thereafter a process which will lead to the establishment of the
necessary guarantees and conditions for reintegrating the
members of the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación
Nacional within a framework of full legality into the civil,
institutional and political life of the country,

Expressing its conviction that a peaceful settlement in El
Salvador will contribute to a successful outcome in the Central
American peace process,

1. Approves the report of the Secretary-General of 16
April and 20 May 1991; 136

2. Decides to establish, under its authority and based on
the Secretary-General’s report referred to in paragraph 1, a
United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador to monitor all
agreements concluded between the two parties, whose initial
mandate in its first phase as an integrated peace-keeping
operation will be to verify the compliance by the parties with
the Agreement on Human Rights signed at San José on 26 July
1990," and also decides that the subsequent tasks or phases of
the Mission will be subject to approval by the Council;

3. Also decides that the United Nations Observer Mission
in El Salvador will be established for an initial period of twelve
months;

4. Requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary
measures to establish the first phase of the Mission as described
in paragraphs 2 and 3;

5. Calls upon both parties, as agreed by them, to pursue
a continuous process of negotiations in order to reach at the
earliest possible date the objectives set forth in the Mexico
Agreements of 27 April 1991 and ail other objectives
contained in the Geneva Agreement of 4 April 1990, 131 and to
this end to cooperate fully with the Secretary-General and his
Personal Representative in their efforts;

6. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security
Council fully informed on the implementation of the present
resolution.

Adopted unanimously at the 2988th
meeting

Security Council resolution 693 (1991) [on establishment of the UN Observer Mission in El Salvador]

UN OBSERVER MISSION IN EL SALVADOR > ESTABLISHMENT.|Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional-Frente Democrático Revolucionario (El Salvador)|Acuerdo sobre Derechos Humanos (1990)|HUMAN RIGHTS|NEGOTIATION|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|EL SALVADOR|EL SALVADOR SITUATION

S/46 [92] EL SALVADOR SITUATION
S/46 [93] UN OBSERVER MISSION IN EL SALVADOR


Resolution 694 (1991)
of 24 May 1991

The Security Council,

Reaffirming its resolution 681 (1990) of 20 December 1990,

Having learned with deep concern and consternation that
Israel has, in violation of its obligations under the Geneva
Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in
Time of War, of 12 August 1949,4 and acting in opposition to
relevant Security Council resolutions, and to the detriment of
efforts to achieve a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in the
Middle East, deported four Palestinian civilians on 18 May
1991,

1. Declares that the action of the Israeli authorities of
deporting four Palestinians on 18 May 1991 is in violation of
the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian
Persons in Time of War, of 12 August 1949, 4 which is applicable to all the Palestinian territories occupied by Israel since
1967, including Jerusalem;

2. Deplores this action and reiterates that Israel, the
occupying Power, must refrain from deporting any Palestinian
civilian from the occupied territories and ensure the safe and
immediate return of all those deported;

3. Decides to keep the situation under review.
Adopted unanimously at the 2989th
meeting

Security Council resolution 694 (1991) [on deportation of 4 Palestinians by Israel]

Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949)|DEPORTATION|ISRAEL|PALESTINIANS|CIVILIAN PERSONS|TERRITORIES OCCUPIED BY ISRAEL|HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS|TREATIES|MIDDLE EAST SITUATION

S/46 [37] TERRITORIES OCCUPIED BY ISRAEL


Resolution 695 (1991)
of 30 May 1991

The Security Council,

Having considered the report of the Secretary-General on
the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force, 20

Decides:

(a) To call upon the parties concerned to implement
immediately its resolution 338 (1973) of 22 October 1973;

(b) To renew the mandate of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force for another period of six months,
that is, until 30 November 1991;

(c) To request the Secretary-General to submit, at the
end of this period, a report on the developments in the
situation and the measures taken to implement resolution 338
(1973).

Adopted unanimously at the 2990th
meeting.

Security Council resolution 695 (1991) [on renewal of the mandate of the UN Disengagement Observer Force]

S/46 [18] UN DISENGAGEMENT OBSERVER FORCE