               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/2349 (2017)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                31 March 2017

               Resolution 2349 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7911th meeting, on
               31 March 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions and presidential statements on counter -
               terrorism, conflict prevention in Africa, the protection of civilians, women, peace
               and security, children and armed conflict, and on the United Nations Office for West
               Africa and the Sahel (UNOWAS) and the United Nations Regional Office for
               Central Africa (UNOCA),
                     Recalling its visit to the Lake Chad Basin Region (the Region) from 2 to
               7 March 2017 to engage in dialogue with the Governments of Cameroon, Chad,
               Niger, and Nigeria, displaced persons, security and humanitarian personnel, civil
               society including women’s organizations, and regional bodies,
                    Affirming its solidarity and full support for the conflict-affected populations of
               the Region including displaced and host communities who are suffering from the
               ongoing security crisis, humanitarian emergency, and development deficits resulting
               from the violence by terrorist groups Boko Haram and the Islamic State in Iraq and
               the Levant (ISIL, also known as Da’esh), and its solidarity with the r espective
               Governments in their efforts to address these urgent needs, whilst addressing
               adverse economic conditions,
                      Affirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Nigeria,
                    Recognizing the determination and ownership of the Governments in the
               Region, as well as well as sub-regional and regional organizations, to address the
               impact of Boko Haram and ISIL,
                    Expressing grave concern at the ongoing terrorist attacks perpetrated by Boko
               Haram and ISIL, and the dire humanitarian situation across the Region caused by
               the activities of Boko Haram, including large-scale displacement, and the risk of
               famine in north-east Nigeria,
                     Reaffirming that terrorism in all forms and manifestations constitutes one of
               the most serious threats to international peace and security and that any acts of
               terrorism are criminal and unjustifiable regardless of their motivations, whenever

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               and by whomever committed, and remaining determined to contribute further to
               enhancing the effectiveness of the overall effort to fight this scourge on a global
               level,
                     Expressing deep concern that terrorist groups benefiting from transnational
               organized crime and trafficking in all forms may contribute to undermining affect ed
               States, specifically their security, stability, governance, social and economic
               development, and recognizing the connection between trafficking in persons, sexual
               violence and terrorism and other transnational organized criminal activities, which
               can prolong and exacerbate conflict and instability or intensify its impact on civilian
               populations,
                    Recognizing that security, development, and human rights are interlinked and
               mutually reinforcing and are vital to an effective and comprehensive approach to
               countering terrorism, stabilisation and reconciliation,
                      Welcoming the commitment expressed by the Governments in the Region to
               combat Boko Haram, in order to create a safe and secure environment for civilians,
               enable the return of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and refugees, facilitate
               stabilisation, and enable access for humanitarian organisations, in accordance with
               the African Union Peace and Security Council’s (AUPSC)’s mandate, commending
               the important territorial advances by the Governments in the Region against Boko
               Haram, including through the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) which has
               contributed to the liberation of hostages, the arrest of Boko Haram members, and an
               increase in the number of defectors, and further paying tribute to all those who have
               lost lives in the fight against Boko Haram,
                     Recognising the threat posed by terrorist groups Boko Haram and ISIL, and
               recalling that Boko Haram has been designated as associated with Al -Qaida by the
               1267/1989/2253 ISIL (Da’esh) and Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee (the Committee),
                     Underscoring the need for a holistic, comprehensive approach to degrade and
               defeat Boko Haram and ISIL that includes coordinated security operations,
               conducted in accordance with applicable international law, as well as enhanced
               civilian efforts to improve governance, promote development and economic growth
               in affected areas, tackle radicalisation, and ensure women’s empowerment and
               protection,
                    Recognizing the interconnectedness of the challenges facing the Lake Chad
               Basin and the wider Sahel region and encouraging greater regional and international
               coherence in addressing these challenges,

               Security, Protection of Civilians and Human Rights
                     1.   Strongly condemns all terrorist attacks, violations of international
               humanitarian law and abuses of human rights by Boko Haram and ISIL in the
               Region, including those involving killings and other violence against civilians,
               notably women and children, abductions, pillaging, child, early and forced marriage,
               rape, sexual slavery and other sexual and gender-based violence, and recruitment
               and use of children, including increasingly the use of girls as suicide bombers, and
               destruction of civilian property, and calls for those responsible for these acts to be
               held accountable, and brought to justice;

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                 2.    Recalls the Communiqués of the AUPSC on Boko Haram, including from
           the 484th meeting, recognises the continued support of the AU to the MNJTF, and
           calls for the Member States of the Lake Chad Basin Commission (LCBC) and Benin
           to continue their efforts in the fight against Boko Haram and implementation of the
           Communiqués; further acknowledging the need for an effective and strategic
           relationship between the AUPSC and the Security Council, to enable both
           institutions to support stability and development in the Lake Chad Basin;
                 3.   Encourages Governments in the Region to sustain momentum, further
           enhance regional military cooperation and coordination, comply with obligations
           under international humanitarian and human rights law, secure the conditions to
           enable safe, timely and unhindered humanitarian access, facilitate the restoration of
           civilian security and the rule of law in areas restored to Government control, and
           guarantee free movement of goods and persons; and further encourages regional
           collaboration on the implementation of the 2016 Abuja Regional Security Summit
           conclusions and strengthened cooperation under the auspices of a third Regional
           Security Summit in 2018, including with respect to post-conflict stabilisation and
           recovery;
                 4.    Welcomes the multilateral and bilateral support provided to the military
           efforts in the Region and encourages greater support to strengthen the operational
           capability of the MNJTF to further the Region’s efforts to combat Boko Haram and
           ISIL, which may include appropriate, logistical, mobility and communications
           assistance, equipment, as well as modalities to increase effective information
           sharing as appropriate, given the complex environment in which they operate and
           the evolving tactics of Boko Haram and ISIL, as well as training, including on
           sexual and gender-based violence, gender and child protection;
                5.    Calls for the urgent deployment of the remaining MNJTF civilian
           personnel, including Human Rights Advisers through the AU, and a dedicated
           Gender Adviser, and for the pledges made at the AU donor conference of 1 February
           2015 in support of the MNJTF to be promptly fulfilled, encourages the AU to
           disperse funds provided for the MNJTF by key partners, further encourages
           Member States to contribute generously to the AU Trust Fund, and requests the
           Secretary-General to advocate strongly with the international community and
           donors in support of this effort;
                 6.    Reiterates its call on Member States to move vigorously and decisively
           to cut the flows of funds and other financial assets and economic resources to
           individuals, groups, undertakings and entities on the ISIL and Al -Qaida Sanctions
           List, including Boko Haram, reiterates its readiness to consider listing individuals,
           groups, undertakings and entities providing support to Boko Haram, including those
           who are financing, arming, planning or recruiting for Boko Haram, and in this
           regard encourages all Member States to submit to the Committee listing requests for
           individuals, groups, undertakings and entities supporting Boko Haram;
                 7.   Calls upon the countries of the Region to prevent, criminalize,
           investigate, prosecute and ensure accountability of those who engage in
           transnational organized crime, in particular in arms trafficking and trafficking in
           persons;

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                     8.    Calls upon relevant United Nations entities, including UNOCA,
               UNOWAS, and the United Nations Office to the African Union (UNOAU) to
               redouble their support for Governments in the Region, as well as sub -regional and
               regional organizations, to address the impact of Boko Haram and ISIL violence on
               the peace and stability of the Region, including by addressing the conditions
               conducive to the spread of terrorism, and violent extremism that can be conducive
               to terrorism, in line with the United Nations Global Counter -Terrorism Strategy, and
               to conduct and gather gender-sensitive research and data collection on the drivers of
               radicalization for women, and the impacts of counter-terrorism strategies on
               women’s human rights and women’s organizations, in order to develop targeted and
               evidence-based policy and programming responses;
                     9.   Calls upon Member States to ensure that any measures taken to counter
               terrorism comply with all their obligations under international law, in particular,
               international human rights law, international refugee law and international
               humanitarian law; and further encourages Governments in the Region to consider,
               in discussion with communities, the potential impact of operations against and
               security responses to Boko Haram and ISIL on people’s livelihoods, and freedom of
               movement;
                     10. Expresses regret at the tragic loss of life in the January 2017 Rann
               incident, welcomes the commitment expressed by relevant Nigerian authorities to
               investigate and ensure accountability for those responsible, and calls for
               transparency on the findings of the investigation report and action taken;
                      11. Expresses concern about the protection needs of civilians in the Region
               affected by the scourge of terrorism, including those resulting from sexual
               exploitation and abuse, extra-judicial killings, arbitrary detention, torture, and
               recruitment and use of children in violation of international law; and welcomes
               initial steps taken such as the deployment of female members of the security
               services to IDP camps where sexual exploitation and abuse has been reported or
               confirmed;
                     12. Reiterates the primary responsibility of Member States to protect civilian
               populations on their territories, in accordance with their obligations under
               international law, and calls on all Governments in the Region, and as relevant the
               United Nations and other actors, to prioritise human rights protection concerns
               including through: greater cooperation by concerned Governments with the Office
               of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) and the Offices of the
               Special Representatives on Sexual Violence in Conflict and Children and Armed
               Conflict; taking urgent measures to prevent arbitrary arrest and detention and ensure
               that persons deprived of liberty are treated in accordance with international law;
               enhanced capacity and responsiveness of national human rights mechanisms across
               the Region; and taking measures to increase the number of women in the security
               sector;
                    13. Emphasises the importance of strengthening cross-border judicial
               cooperation in identifying and prosecuting perpetrators of human rights violations
               and abuses, as well as the most serious crimes, such as sexual a nd gender-based
               violence; calls on Governments in the Region to provide rapid access for survivors
               of abduction and sexual violence to specialised medical and psychosocial services,
               and community reintegration, to prevent stigmatisation and persecution, an d

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           encourages the international community to extend its support in this regard; urges
           the prompt investigation of all allegations of abuse, including sexual abuse, and
           holding those responsible accountable; and encourages the creation of a timeline for
           transferral of camp management to civilian structures to ensure the civilian nature
           of IDP sites, whilst taking due consideration of the security situation in these sites;
                 14. Urges Governments in the Region to ensure women’s full and equal
           participation in national institutions and mechanisms for the prevention and
           resolution of conflicts, including in the development of strategies to counter Boko
           Haram and ISIL, welcomes initial efforts in the Region to address women’s
           representation such as the 25% quota for elected offices in Niger, and strongly
           encourages the further development, implementation and funding of National
           Action Plans on Women, Peace and Security by Cameroon, Chad, Niger and
           Nigeria; and encourages all regional organizations engaged in peace and security
           efforts in the Region to ensure that gender analysis and women’s participation are
           integrated into their assessments, planning, and operations;

           Humanitarian
                 15. Welcomes the efforts of Governments in the Region and of regional and
           sub-regional organisations, as well as the hospitality provided by host communities
           for the millions of displaced people, the majority of whom are women and children,
           who are uniquely impacted, and urges Governments in the Region, donors and
           relevant international non-governmental organisations to urgently redouble their
           efforts and ensure close coordination, including between development and
           humanitarian actors, in particular to enhance early re covery, food security, improve
           living conditions, and increase livelihood opportunities;
                 16. Urges all parties to the conflict to ensure respect for and protection of
           humanitarian personnel, facilities, and their means of transport and equipment, and
           to facilitate safe, timely and unhindered access for humanitarian organisations to
           deliver lifesaving aid to affected people, and in particular in the case of
           Governments, where applicable, through facilitating bureaucratic and administrative
           procedures such as the expediting of outstanding registrations, and importation of
           humanitarian supplies, and further calls upon Governments in the Region to
           increase collaboration with United Nations partners including through more
           effective civilian-military coordination mechanisms;
                 17. Welcomes the $458 million in humanitarian assistance pledged at the
           Oslo conference for 2017 and urges swift disbursement of these funds to prevent
           further deterioration of the humanitarian crisis and to begin to address endemic
           development needs; and strongly encourages all other/non-traditional donors to
           contribute in line with the needs highlighted in the 2017 Humanitarian Response
           Plans of each country;
                18. Further welcomes the Government of Nigeria’s announcement of its
           2017 spending plans for north-east Nigeria which project total federal and state
           government expenditure of $1 billion on development and humanitarian activities,
           and urges swift implementation of these plans;
                19. Welcomes the scaling up of the United Nations response, especially in
           north-east Nigeria, and calls for further deployment of experienced staff, measures

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               to reduce staff turnover, and strong coordination, including through creation of
               civil-military coordination guidelines, provision of training to further imp rove
               coordination between armed forces and humanitarian personnel, coordination across
               borders and the development of multi-year prioritised plans; and further calls on all
               humanitarian organisations to ensure programming is gender -sensitive, based on
               strengthening resilience within communities and developed based on the need of,
               and where possible in consultation with affected people and local organisations;
                    20. Urges relevant national and through them local authorities to ensure that
               resources dedicated to the humanitarian effort are directed to those most in need;
                     21. Calls upon Governments in the Region to ensure that the return of
               refugees and IDPs to their areas of origin is voluntary, based on informed decisions,
               and in safety and dignity; urges relevant national and local authorities to work
               cooperatively with displaced persons and host communities, to prevent secondary
               displacement of affected populations, and to take all necessary steps to respond to
               the humanitarian needs of host communities, and encourages the international
               community to extend its support in this regard; welcomes the signing by the
               Governments of Nigeria and Cameroon, and the Office of the High Commissioner
               for Refugees, of the tripartite agreement on 2 March 2017 on the voluntar y
               repatriation of Nigerian refugees, and urges its swift and complete implementation;

               Root Causes and Development
                     22. Calls upon the Governments in the Region to take further measures to
               address social, political, economic and gender inequalities, and environmental
               challenges, and to develop strategies to counter the violent extremist narrative that
               can incite terrorist acts, and address the conditions conducive to the spread of
               violent extremism, which can be conducive to terrorism, including by empowering
               youth, families, women, religious, cultural and education leaders, in order to help
               address the conditions which have enabled the emergence and survival of Boko
               Haram and ISIL;
                     23. Recognises the complex challenges faced by the Region and welcomes
               the development of programmes by the respective Governments to help build and
               sustain peace by addressing the root causes of the crisi s, namely the “Buhari Plan”
               of Nigeria, the Programme “Renaissance” of Niger, the “Recovery Road Map” the
               Special Youth Triennial Programme of Cameroon, the “Vision 2030: the Chad we
               want” of Chad, and the Lake Chad Development and Climate Resilience Actio n
               Plan of the LCBC; calls upon respective Governments to strengthen their
               coordination and prioritisation within these programmes to enable effective
               implementation, and calls upon international partners to extend their support in this
               regard;
                     24. Calls upon Governments in the Region, including through the support of
               the international community, to support early recovery activities and long -term
               investment in vital services such as health care and education, agriculture,
               infrastructure such as the safe trade corridor and livelihoods, social cohesion, good
               governance, and the rule of law, to enhance longer -term recovery and resilience of
               populations, particularly for the areas with the most pressing need;

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                 25. Encourages the Economic Community of West African States
           (ECOWAS) and the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS),
           together with the LCBC, to develop a comprehensive and common strategy that
           effectively addresses the drivers that contributed to the emergence of Boko Haram
           and ISIL, with a particular focus on longer term development needs; and further
           urges the two sub-regional organisations to convene their planned summit on Boko
           Haram to adopt a common strategy and develop active cooperation and coordination
           mechanisms;
                26. Recognises the adverse effects of climate change and ecological changes
           among other factors on the stability of the Region, including through water scarcity,
           drought, desertification, land degradation, and food insecurity, and emphasises the
           need for adequate risk assessments and risk management strategies by governments
           and the United Nations relating to these factors;
                27. Acknowledges the important contribution of civil society, in particular
           women’s and youth organisations, to conflict prevention, conflict resolution, and
           peacebuilding and humanitarian efforts in the region, and encourages greater
           dialogue between respective Governments and civil society, as well as support;
                28. Calls upon the United Nations and its partners to make further progress
           towards the implementation of the United Nations Integrated Strategy for the Sahel
           (UNISS) in order to address comprehensively the security, political, and
           developmental challenges and the underlying root causes and drivers of instability
           and conflicts in the Sahel region;

           Disarmament, demobilisation, rehabilitation and reintegration, and accountability
                 29. Encourages Governments in the Region, in collaboration with regional
           and sub-regional organisations, relevant United Nations entities and other relevant
           stakeholders, and, in the context of this resolution, to develop and implement a
           regional and coordinated strategy that encompasses transparent, inclusive, human
           rights-compliant disarmament, demobilisation, de-radicalisation, rehabilitation and
           reintegration initiatives, in line with strategies for prosecution, where appropriate,
           for persons associated with Boko Haram and ISIL, drawing upon regional and
           international best practice and lessons learned; and urges relevant national and
           through them local actors, to develop and implement appropriate plans for the
           disarmament, demobilisation, reintegration, and where appropriate prosecution of
           the Civilian Joint Task Force (CJTF) and other commu nity-based security groups;
                 30. Stresses the need to pay particular attention to the treatment and
           reintegration of women and children formerly associated with Boko Haram and
           ISIL, including through the signing and implementing of protocols for the rapid
           handover of children suspected of having association with Boko Haram to relevant
           civilian child protection actors, as well as access for child protection actors to all
           centres holding children, in accordance with applicable international obligations,
           and the best interests of the child;
                 31. Urges Governments in the Region to develop and implement consistent
           policies for promoting defections from Boko Haram and ISIL and for deradicalising
           and reintegrating those who do defect, and to ensure that there is no impunity for
           those responsible for terrorist acts, and abuses and violations of international human

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               rights and violations of humanitarian law; and invites the international community
               to extend its support to the Governments in the Region in developing and
               implementing their disarmament, demobilisation, rehabilitation and reintegration
               strategies and policies;
                     32. Calls upon concerned governments to urgently develop and implement,
               consistent with international law, in particular international human rights law,
               international refugee law and international humanitarian law as applicable, vetting
               criteria and processes allowing for the prompt assessment of all persons who have
               been associated with Boko Haram and ISIL in the custody of authorities, including
               persons captured or surrendered to authorities, or who are found in refugee or IDP
               camps, and to ensure that children are treated in accordance with international law;
               and encourages Governments in the Region, within the context of this resolution, to
               prosecute those responsible for terrorist acts, where appropriate, and to develop both
               rehabilitation programmes in custodial settings for detained terrorist suspects and
               sentenced persons, and reintegration programmes to assist persons either released
               from custody having served their sentence or those who have completed a
               rehabilitation programme in an alternative setting, in order to facilitate reintegration
               into their communities;

               Follow-Up
                     33. Encourages the Secretary-General, with a view to enhancing
               collaboration and responsibility among relevant entities and mobilising resources
               for the region, to make a high level visit to the Region, and invites him to consider
               undertaking a joint visit with the World Bank, Chairperson of the AU Commission,
               the President of the World Bank Group, and the President of the African
               Development Bank, to strengthen the focus on and commitment to the Region of the
               international community;
                    34. Requests the Secretary-General to produce a written report within five
               months on the United Nations’ assessment of the situation in the Lake Chad Basin
               Region as it relates to elements of this resolution, particularly regarding the
               progress made and remaining challenges, and possible measures for consideration,
               including with respect to achieving greater coherence of efforts in the context of
               overlapping regional strategies, and thereafter to include these elements in regular
               reporting by UNOCA and UNOWAS.

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Security Council resolution 2349 (2017) [on the situation in the Lake Chad Basin region]

Boko Haram (Organization)|Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (Organization)|TERRORISM|COUNTER-TERRORISM|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|REGIONAL SECURITY|LAKE CHAD BASIN

S/72 [308] LAKE CHAD BASIN REGION--REGIONAL SECURITY
S/72 [100] AFRICA--REGIONAL SECURITY
S/72 [31] TERRORISM


               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/2350 (2017)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                13 April 2017

               Resolution 2350 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7924th meeting, on
               13 April 2017

                    The Security Council,
                    Reaffirming its previous resolutions on Haiti, in particular its resolutions 2313
               (2016), 2243 (2015), 2180 (2014), 2119 (2013), 2070 (2012), 2012 (2011), 1944
               (2010), 1927 (2010), 1908 (2010), 1892 (2009), 1840 (2008), 1780 (2007), 1743
               (2007), 1702 (2006), 1658 (2006), 1608 (2005), 1576 (2004), and 1542 (2004),
                     Recognizing the major milestone towards stabilization achieved with the
               peaceful completion of the electoral process and return to constitutional order on
               7 February 2017, and commending Haitian authorities, in particular the Haitian
               Provisional Electoral Council and the Haitian National Police (HNP), for their
               efforts towards ensuring elections were conducted in a credible and inclusive
               manner and held in a largely peaceful environment,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence,
               territorial integrity and unity of Haiti,
                    Commending the Special Representative of the Secretary-General’s efforts and
               the role of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) to
               support the political process in Haiti, the professionalization of the police and in the
               maintenance of a secure and stable environment,
                    Expressing its deep appreciation and gratitude to the personnel of MINUSTAH
               and to all Member States which have contributed to MINUSTAH and paying tribute
               to those injured or killed in the line of duty; commending the successful work
               achieved by MINUSTAH, including the wide range of reconstruction efforts
               conducted after the 2010 earthquake,
                     Welcoming the ongoing strengthening, professionalization and reform of the
               HNP, while noting the need for continued international support for the HNP so that
               it can fulfil its constitutional mandate, including by expanding its geographical
               reach and building its technical capacity, as well as its community -based
               programmes, as appropriate; affirming the importance of the 2017-2021 Strategic
               Development Plan of the HNP, developed on the basis of a joint HNP -United
               Nations Police (UNPOL) capacity and needs assessment,
                     Emphasizing the importance of the continued support of the United Nations
               and the international community for the long-term security and development of
               Haiti, particularly in building the capacity of the Government of Haiti, consolidating

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               and building on the achievements of the past 13 years, while encouraging the
               Haitian authorities to address the longstanding risks of instability,
                     Recalling its resolutions 1645 (2005) and 2282 (2016) and reaffirming the
               primary responsibility of the national Government in implementing its
               peacebuilding and sustaining peace strategies to address the interconnected nature
               of challenges in Haiti, highlighting the contribution of sustainable development to
               peacebuilding and sustaining peace, and in this regard, emphasizing the importance
               of national ownership, inclusivity, and the role that civil society can play to advance
               national peacebuilding processes and objectives in order to ensure that the needs of
               all segments of society are taken into account,
                     Acknowledging that while important progress has been made, Haiti continues
               to face significant humanitarian challenges, especially in the aftermath of Hurricane
               Matthew, and affirming that progress in the reconstruction of Haiti, as well as in
               Haiti’s social and economic development, including women and youth, through
               effective, coordinated, commendable international development assistance and
               increased Haitian institutional capacity to benefit from this assistance, is crucial to
               achieving lasting and sustainable stability, and reiterating the need for security to be
               accompanied by sustainable development in its social, economic and environmental
               dimensions, including efforts in risk reduction and preparedness that address the
               country’s extreme vulnerability to natural disasters, efforts in which the Government
               of Haiti plays a leading role, with the assistance of the United Nations Country
               Team (UNCT),
                     Welcoming the General Assembly’s resolution A/RES/71/161 on the United
               Nations ‘New Approach to Cholera in Haiti’; noting that the implementation of this
               new approach will fall under the responsibility of the UNCT under the coordination
               of a DSRSG/HC/RC,
                    Recognizing that strengthening national human rights institutions as well as
               respect for human rights, including of women and children, due process and
               combating criminality, sexual and gender-based violence, and putting an end to
               impunity and ensuring accountability are essential to ensuring the rule of law and
               security in Haiti, including access to justice,
                     Considering that with the completion of the MINUSTAH consolidation plan
               and the implementation of the transition plan, a broader framework of mutual
               accountability among the Government of Haiti, the United Nati ons and the
               international community could be developed as part of a country strategy to enhance
               the effectiveness of the support of the follow-on United Nations presence in the
               country,
                     Welcoming the report of the Secretary-General of 16 March 2017
               (S/2017/223), which includes observations and recommendations from the Strategic
               Assessment Mission requested by the Council in resolution 2313 (2016), and his
               recommendation that a new United Nations peacekeeping mission be established in
               Haiti following the termination of MINUSTAH by 15 October 2017, in order to
               continue to assist the Government of Haiti, to consolidate gains by reinforcing
               government institutions and strengthening the national capacity for rule of law,
               police development, and human rights,
                    Mindful of its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international
               peace and security under the Charter of the United Nations,
                     Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, as described in
               section 1 of operative paragraph 7 of resolution 1542 (2004), and with regards to
               operative paragraphs 5 to 14 that relate to the ne w mission,

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                1.   Decides to extend MINUSTAH’s mandate, as contained in its resolutions
           2313 (2016), 2243 (2015), 2180 (2014), 2119 (2013), 2070 (2012), 2012 (2011),
           1944 (2010), 1927 (2010), 1908 (2010), 1892 (2009), 1840 (2008), 1780 (2007),
           1743 (2007), 1702 (2006), 1658 (2006), 1608 (2005), 1576 (2004), and 1542
           (2004), for a final period of six months, and that the Mission shall close by
           15 October 2017;
                2.   Decides that the military component of MINUSTAH shall gradually
           drawdown during the final six-month period, fully withdrawing from Haiti by
           15 October 2017;
                 3.    Reaffirms that, in the framework of the improvement of the rule of law in
           Haiti, strengthening the justice sector and the capacity of the HNP, including in its
           efforts to strengthen the Directorate of Prisons Administration (DAP) management,
           is paramount for the Government of Haiti to take timely and full responsibility for
           Haiti’s security needs;
                 4.    Requests the Secretary-General to begin immediately to reduce
           MINUSTAH tasks in a phased manner ensuring that critical functions are defined
           and appropriate support capacity maintained, and further requests MINUSTAH to
           prioritize efforts and to ensure a successful and responsible transition to United
           Nations Mission for Justice Support in Haiti (MINUJUSTH), as established in
           paragraph 5, and further strengthening the institutional and operational capacities of
           the HNP;
                5.    Decides to establish a follow-on peacekeeping mission in Haiti,
           MINUJUSTH, which shall be composed of up to seven Formed Police Units (FPUs)
           (or 980 FPU personnel) and 295 Individual Police Officers (IPOs), for an initial
           period of six months from 16 October 2017 until 15 April 2018, and emphasizes the
           importance of reaching the above-mentioned levels;
                6.   Further decides MINUJUSTH shall be mandated to assist the
           Government of Haiti to strengthen rule of law institutions in Haiti; further support
           and develop the HNP; and engage in human rights monitoring, reporting, and
           analysis;
                7.   Further decides that MINUJUSTH will be headed by a Special
           Representative of the Secretary-General, who will also play a good offices and
           advocacy role at the political level to ensure full implementation of the mandate;
                 8.   Underscores that MINUJUSTH shall retain seven FPUs, reduced from
           MINUSTAH’s current 11, deployed to five regional departments to safeguard the
           security gains of the past years through the provision of operational support to the
           HNP and that the number of FPUs shall be adjusted downward and harmonized with
           the gradual build-up of the HNP within a projected two-year timeframe;
               9.    Stresses that the 295 IPOs reduced from MINUSTAH’s authorized 1,001
           would play a key role in the implementation of the priorities in the HNP Strategic
           Development Plan 2017-2021;
                10. Further underscores that the 38 government-provided corrections
           personnel reduced from the current level of 50 would play a key role in more fully
           engaging the HNP in efforts to strengthen the DAP management;
                 11. Decides that the rule of law efforts of MINUJUSTH, including
           community violence reduction efforts and quick impact projects, as ap propriate, will
           be part of a strategy towards a continued, progressive transition to development
           actors;

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S/RES/2350 (2017)

                   12. Authorizes MINUJUSTH to use all necessary means to carry out its
               mandate to support and develop the HNP and in paragraph 13;
                    13. Further authorizes the Mission to protect civilians under imminent threat
               of physical violence, within its capabilities and areas of deployment, as needed;
                    14. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure medical enablers, and to also
               ensure air assets necessary to deploy security forces rapidly throughout Haiti and in
               support of the HNP;
                    15. Reaffirms the importance for MINUJUSTH to take fully into account
               gender mainstreaming as a crosscutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist
               the Government of Haiti in ensuring the participation, involvement and
               representation of women at all levels;
                    16. Recognizes the ownership and primary responsibility of the Government
               and the people of Haiti over all aspects of the country’s development; and
               encourages MINUJUSTH to continue its efforts to provide logistical and technical
               expertise, within available means and consistent with its mandate;
                     17. Recalls its resolution 2272 (2016), and all other relevant United Nations
               resolutions, and requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary steps to ensure
               full compliance of all MINUSTAH and MINUJUSTH personnel with the United
               Nations zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse, and to continue to
               keep the Council informed, and urges troop and police-contributing countries to
               redouble efforts in preventing cases of misconduct and to ensure that acts involving
               their personnel are properly investigated and punished;
                    18. Commends the commitment of the troop- and police-contributing
               countries in implementing United Nations mandates in challenging environments,
               and in this connection, highlights the importance of addressing the issues of
               undeclared national caveats, lack of effective command and control, refusal to obey
               orders, failure to respond to attacks on civilians, and inadequate equipment, that
               may adversely affect effective mandate implementation;
                     19. Further affirms the importance of a successful and responsible transition
               between MINUSTAH and MINUJUSTH and underscores the importance of
               coordination between MINUJUSTH and UNCT, and further requests the Secretary-General to establish a MINUJUSTH advance planning team at the earliest possible
               date;
                     20. Requests the Secretary-General to complete the joint MINUSTAH and
               UNCT Transition Plan within the six-month period referred to in paragraph 1, in
               order for MINUJUSTH to be operational immediately following MINUSTAH’s
               closure, detailing the transfer of tasks that will occur and addressing residual
               stabilization needs in the country;
                    21. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Security Council on the
               implementation of this resolution, including any instances of mandate
               implementation failures, within 90 days and 180 days from its adoption, as well as
               in an assessment report 30 days before the expiration of MINUJUSTH’s initial
               mandate;
                     22. Requests that the initial 90 day report include details on the joint
               MINUSTAH and UNCT Transition Plan referred to in paragraph 20, and further
               requests that the assessment report referenced in paragraph 21 set out a welldeveloped and clearly benchmarked projected two-year exit strategy to a
               non-peacekeeping United Nations presence in Haiti to continue supporting the
               efforts of the Government of Haiti in sustaining peace and peacebu ilding;

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                23. Expresses its intent to continue to review conditions in Haiti, and to
           consider adapting MINUJUSTH’s mandate and police force levels, as needed, to
           preserve the progress Haiti has made towards durable security and stability;
                24.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2350 (2017) [on final extension of the mandate of the UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) until 15 Oct. 2017 and establishment of the UN Mission for Justice Support in Haiti (MINUJUSTH)]

UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti > Dissolution|UN Mission for Justice Support in Haiti > Establishment|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|RULE OF LAW|HAITI|HAITI QUESTION

S/72 [137] UN STABILIZATION MISSION IN HAITI
S/72 [139] UN MISSION FOR JUSTICE SUPPORT IN HAITI
S/72 [138] HAITI--POLITICAL CONDITIONS


               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/2351 (2017)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                28 April 2017

               Resolution 2351 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7933rd meeting, on
               28 April 2017

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling and reaffirming all its previous resolutions on Western Sahara,
                    Reaffirming its strong support for the efforts of the Secretary-General and his
               Personal Envoy to implement resolutions 1754 (2007), 1783 (2007), 1813 (2008),
               1871 (2009), 1920 (2010), 1979 (2011), 2044 (2012), 2099 (2013), 2152 (2014),
               2218 (2015), and 2285 (2016),
                     Reaffirming its commitment to assist the parties to achieve a just, lasting, and
               mutually acceptable political solution, which will provide for the self-determination
               of the people of Western Sahara in the context of arrangements consistent with the
               principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations, and noting the role
               and responsibilities of the parties in this respect,
                     Reiterating its call upon the parties and the neighbouring states to cooperate
               more fully with the United Nations and with each other and to strengthen their
               involvement to end the current impasse and to achieve progres s towards a political
               solution,
                    Recognizing that achieving a political solution to this long-standing dispute
               and enhanced cooperation between the Member States of the Maghreb Arab Union
               would contribute to stability and security in the Sahel region,
                    Welcoming the efforts of the Secretary-General to keep all peacekeeping
               operations, including the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western
               Sahara (MINURSO), under close review and reiterating the need for the Council to
               pursue a rigorous, strategic approach to peacekeeping deployments, and effective
               management of resources,
                     Emphasizing the need to regularly evaluate MINURSO’s performance such
               that the mission retains the skills and flexibility needed to eff ectively carry out its
               mandate,
                     Further emphasizing that hiring, retention and assignment processes of the
               United Nations for MINURSO should allow for mission structures to quickly and
               easily adapt to changing operational environments, and noting the Secretary-General’s intention to reform these processes to make the Organization more
               nimble,

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S/RES/2351 (2017)

                    Recognizing the important role played by MINURSO on the ground and the
               need for it to fully implement its mandate, including its role in supporting the
               Personal Envoy to achieve a mutually acceptable political solution,
                     Expressing concern about the violations of existing agreements, and calling on
               the parties to respect their relevant obligations,
                    Taking note of the Moroccan proposal presented on 11 April 2007 to the
               Secretary-General and welcoming serious and credible Moroccan efforts to move
               the process forward towards resolution; also taking note of the Polisario Front
               proposal presented 10 April 2007 to the Secretary-General,
                     Encouraging in this context, the parties to demonstrate further political will
               towards a solution including by expanding upon their discussion of each other’s
               proposals and further encouraging the neighbouring countries to make contributions
               to the political process,
                    Taking note of the four rounds of negotiations held under the auspices of the
               Secretary-General and recognizing the importance of the parties committing to
               continue the negotiations process,
                     Encouraging the parties to resume cooperation with the United Nations Office
               of the High Commissioner for Refugees in impleme nting the January 2012 updated
               Plan of Action on Confidence-Building Measures, including programmes focused on
               linking people who have been divided for more than 40 years due to the conflict and
               further encouraging the parties to consider additional appropriate confidencebuilding measures,
                     Stressing the importance of improving the human rights situation in Western
               Sahara and the Tindouf camps, and encouraging the parties to work with the
               international community to develop and implement independent and credible
               measures to ensure full respect for human rights, bearing in mind their relevant
               obligations under international law,
                    Encouraging the parties to continue in their respective efforts to enhance the
               promotion and protection of human rights in Western Sahara and the Tindouf
               refugee camps, including the freedoms of expression and association,
                    Welcoming in this regard, the recent steps and initiatives taken by Morocco,
               and the role played by the National Council on Human Rights Commissions
               operating in Dakhla and Laayoune, and Morocco’s interaction with Special
               Procedures of the United Nations Human Rights Council,
                     Commending the technical visit of the Office of the United Nations High
               Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) to Western Sahara in April 2015, and to
               the Tindouf refugee camps in July-August 2015, and strongly encouraging
               enhancing cooperation with OHCHR, including through facilitatin g further visits to
               the region,
                     Noting with deep concern the continued hardships faced by Sahrawi refugees
               and their dependency on external humanitarian assistance, and further noting
               insufficient funding for those living in Tindouf refugee camps and the risk of
               potential reductions in food assistance,
                    Reiterating its request for consideration of a refugee registration in the
               Tindouf refugee camps and emphasizing efforts be made in this regard,
                    Stressing the importance of a commitment by the parties to continue the
               process of negotiations through the United Nations -sponsored talks and
               encouraging the meaningful participation of women in these,

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                 Recognizing that the consolidation of the status quo is not acceptable, and
           noting further that progress in the negotiations is essential in order to improve the
           quality of life of the people of Western Sahara in all its aspects,
                 Expressing gratitude for the efforts of the Secretary-General’s Personal Envoy
           for Western Sahara, Ambassador Christopher Ross, throughout his tenure, and
           affirming its continued full support for the Secretary-General’s Personal Envoy for
           Western Sahara in facilitating negotiations between the parties, and calling on the
           parties and neighbouring states to cooperate fully with the Personal Envoy,
                Affirming full support for the Special Representative of the Secretary -General
           for Western Sahara and Head of MINURSO Kim Bolduc,
                Having considered the report of the Secretary-General of 10 April 2017
           (S/2017/307),
                1.    Decides to extend the mandate of MINURSO until 30 April 2018;
                 2.   Reaffirms the need for full respect of the military agree ments reached
           with MINURSO with regard to the ceasefire and calls on the parties to adhere fully
           to those agreements;
                 3.  Recognizes that the recent crisis in the buffer strip in Guerguerat raises
           fundamental questions related to the ceasefire and related agreements and
           encourages the Secretary-General to explore ways that such questions can be
           resolved;
                 4.  Calls upon all parties to cooperate fully with the operations of
           MINURSO, including its free interaction with all interlocutors, and to take the
           necessary steps to ensure the security of as well as unhindered movement and
           immediate access for the United Nations and associated personnel in carrying out
           their mandate, in conformity with existing agreements;
                 5.   Emphasizes the importance of the parties’ commitment to continue the
           process of preparation for a fifth round of negotiations, and recalls its endorsement
           of the recommendation in the report of 14 April 2008 ( S/2008/251) that realism and
           a spirit of compromise by the parties are essential to achieve progress in
           negotiations, and encourages the neighbouring countries to make important
           contributions to this process;
                6.    Calls upon the parties to show political will and work in an atmosphere
           propitious for dialogue in order to resume negotiations, thus ensuring
           implementation of resolutions 1754 (2007), 1783 (2007), 1813 (2008), 1871 (2009),
           1920 (2010), 1979 (2011), 2044 (2012), 2099 (2013), 2152 (2014), and 2218 (2015)
           and the success of negotiations;
                 7.   Affirms its full support for the commitment of the Secretary-General and
           his Personal Envoy towards a solution to the question of Western Sahara in this
           context to relaunch the negotiating process with a new dynamic and a new spirit
           leading to the resumption of a political process with the aim of reaching a mutually
           acceptable political solution, which will provide for the self-determination of the
           people of Western Sahara in the context of arrangements consistent with the
           principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations;
                  8.   Calls upon the parties to resume negotiations under the auspices of the
           Secretary-General without preconditions and in good faith, taking into account the
           efforts made since 2006 and subsequent developments, with a view to a chieving a
           just, lasting, and mutually acceptable political solution, which will provide for the
           self-determination of the people of Western Sahara in the context of arrangements

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               consistent with the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nati ons, and
               noting the role and responsibilities of the parties in this respect;
                    9.    Invites Member States to lend appropriate assistance to these talks;
                     10. Requests the Secretary-General to brief the Security Council on a regular
               basis, and at least twice a year, on the status and progress of these negotiations
               under his auspices, on the implementation of this resolution, challenges to
               MINURSO’s operations and steps taken to address them, expresses its intention to
               meet to receive and discuss his briefings and in this regard, further requests the
               Secretary-General to provide a report on the situation in Western Sahara well before
               the end of the mandate period;
                     11. Further requests the Secretary-General to update the Security Council
               within six months of the appointment of the new Personal Envoy on (i) ways in
               which the Personal Envoy, working with the parties, is progressing towards a
               mutually acceptable political solution, which will provide for the self -determination
               of the people of Western Sahara in the context of arrangements consistent with the
               principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations, and present a clear
               path forward; (ii) how MINURSO’s performance measures are being developed and
               implemented (iii) how structures and staffing can be reorganized to achieve mission
               goals efficiently, and (iv) how new technologies are being considered to reduce risk,
               improve force protection, and better implement the mandate of MINURSO;
                    12. Encourages the parties to resume cooperation with the Office o f the
               United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to review and, where possible,
               expand confidence-building measures;
                     13. Urges Member States to provide new and additional voluntary
               contributions to fund food programmes to ensure that the humanitarian n eeds of
               refugees are adequately addressed and avoid reductions in food rations;
                     14. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to take the necessary
               measures to ensure full compliance in MINURSO with the United Nations zero -
               tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to keep the Council informed,
               and urges troop-contributing countries to take appropriate preventive action
               including predeployment awareness training, and other action to ensure full
               accountability in cases of such conduct involving their personnel;
                    15. Supports an increase in the ratio of medical personnel within the current
               uniformed authorization as requested in the most recent report of the Secretary -
               General to address the severely overstretched medical capacity of MINURSO;
                    16.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2351 (2017) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) until 30 Apr. 2018]

UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara|UN. Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General for Western Sahara|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|WESTERN SAHARA|NEGOTIATION|PEACE AGREEMENTS|WESTERN SAHARA QUESTION

S/72 [45] UN MISSION FOR THE REFERENDUM IN WESTERN SAHARA
S/72 [44] WESTERN SAHARA QUESTION


               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2352 (2017)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               15 May 2017

               Resolution 2352 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7939th meeting, on
               15 May 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions and its presidential statements on the
               situation in Sudan and South Sudan, and in particular, resolutions 1990 (2011), 2024
               (2011), 2032 (2011), 2046 (2012), 2047 (2012), 2075 (2012), 2104 (2013), 2126
               (2013), 2156 (2014), 2179 (2014), 2205 (2015), 2230 (2015), 2251 (2015), 2287
               (2016), and 2318 (2016) as well as presidential statements S/PRST/2012/19 and
               S/PRST/2013/14, and the Council’s press statements of 18 June 2012, 21 September
               2012, 28 September 2012, 6 May 2013, 14 June 2013, 14 February 2014, 17 March
               2014, 11 December 2014, and 27 November 2015,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of Sudan and South Sudan, and to the purposes and the
               principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and recalling the importance of the
               principles of good neighbourliness, non-interference and regional cooperation,
                     Reiterating that the territorial boundaries of States shall not be altered by
               force, and that any territorial disputes shall be settled exclusively by peaceful
               means, affirming the priority it attaches to the full and urgent implementation of all
               outstanding issues from the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), and
               underscoring that the future status of Abyei shall be resolved by negotiations
               between the parties in a manner consistent with the CPA and not by the unilateral
               actions of either party,
                    Recalling the commitments made by the Government of Sudan and the
               Government of South Sudan in the 20 June 2011 Agreement between the
               Government of Sudan and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement on Temporary
               Arrangements for the Administration and Security of the Abyei Area, the 29 June
               2011 Agreement between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of
               South Sudan on Border Security and the Joint Political and Security Mechanism
               (JPSM), and the 30 July 2011 Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission
               between the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan, as well as
               the 27 September 2012 Agreements on Cooperation and Security Arrangements, the
               JPSM’s 8 March 2013 decision, and the Implementation Matrix of 12 March 2013,
               reached by the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan in Addis
               Ababa under the auspices of the African Union High-level Implementation Panel

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               (AUHIP), as well as the extraordinary meeting of the JPSM on 13-14 October 2015
               and the ordinary session of the JPSM on 5 June 2016,
                     Encouraging progress on improving bilateral relations between Sudan and
               South Sudan, and stressing the need for regular meetings of the JPSM and other
               joint mechanisms, including the Joint Border Commission and Joint Demarcation
               Committee, to enable dialogue and coordination on matters of border security,
                    Urging the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to reinvigorate progress
               towards implementing the Temporary Arrangements for the Administration and
               Security of the Abyei Area as set out in the 20 June 2011 Agreement,
                     Expressing its full support for the efforts of the African Union on the situation
               between the Republic of Sudan and the Republic of South Sudan, in order to ease
               the current tension, facilitate the resumption of negotiations on post -secession
               relations and the normalization of their relations, and stressing the importance of the
               African Union’s continued engagement,
                     Reaffirming its previous resolutions 1265 (1999), 1296 (2000), 1674 (2006),
               1738 (2006), 1894 (2009) 2175 (2014) and 2222 (2015) on the protection of
               civilians in armed conflict; 1612 (2005), 1882 (2009), 1998 (2011), 2068 (2012),
               2143 (2014) and 2223 (2015) on children and armed conflict; 1502 (2003) on the
               protection of humanitarian and United Nations personnel; and 1325 (2000), 1820
               (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009), 1960 (2010), 2106 (2013), 2122 (2013), and
               2242 (2015) on women, peace and security,
                     Stressing the need for effective human rights monitoring and reporting,
               including of any sexual and gender-based violence and violations and abuses
               committed against women and children, taking note that there have been no
               developments with regard to the operationalization of human rights monitoring in
               the Abyei Area, and reiterating its concern at the lack of cooperation by the parties
               with the Secretary-General to this end,
                     Recalling that its resolution 2086 (2013) reiterates the importance, when
               establishing and renewing the mandates of United Nations Missions, of including
               provisions on the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of women in
               post-conflict situations and on children and armed conflict, and emphasizing that
               persistent barriers to full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000), and subsequent
               resolutions on women, peace, and security, including 2242 (2015), will only be
               dismantled through dedicated commitment to women’s empowerment, participation,
               and human rights, and through concerted leadership, co nsistent information and
               action, and support, to build women’s engagement in all levels of decision-making,
                     Acknowledging the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan’s acceptance at the 13-14 October 2015 JPSM meeting of the map presented
               by the AUHIP in November 2011 relating to the Safe Demilitarized Border Zone
               (SDBZ), their agreement that the centreline is only the location of the separation
               line between armed forces, as well as the parties’ agreement to activate all
               mechanisms relating to the JPSM as provided for in relevant agreements, and
               encouraging the parties to delineate or agree on the coordinates of, and demilitarize
               the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”, and to fully implement the Joint Border
               Verification and Monitoring Mechanism (JBVMM), in accordance with Security
               Council resolution 2046 (2012) and the AUPSC Roadmap of 24 April 2012, and
               underlining the importance of fully establishing and maintaining effective JBVMM
               monitoring of the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”, and further urging the
               parties to cooperate in allowing the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei
               (UNISFA) to fulfill its responsibility to provide security for the JBVMM ’s mission
               to monitor the SDBZ,

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                                                                                S/RES/2352 (2017)

                 Regretting the lack of significant progress made by both parties on the
           benchmarks for the Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Mechanism (JBVMM)
           and the unnecessary impediments imposed upon the JBVMM, reducing its ability to
           effectively monitor the SDBZ,
                Noting with concern the absence of local institutions to manage the Abyei Area
           and lack of progress in convening an Abyei Joint Oversight Committee (AJOC)
           meeting since March 2015,
                 Recognizing the importance of regular dialogue between the Governments of
           Sudan and South Sudan, recalling the United Nations Security Council decision in
           resolution 2046 (2012) that the parties must resume immediately negotiations to
           reach agreement on Abyei final status under the auspices of the AUHIP, calling
           upon all parties to engage constructively in the process mediated by the AUHIP
           towards final agreement on the final status of the Abyei Area, and stressing that the
           parties must immediately implement pending aspects of the 20 June 2011
           Agreement, in particular to resolve the dispute over the Abyei Area Agreement, and
           to resolve the dispute over the Abyei Area Council, and immediately establish the
           Abyei Area Administration and Abyei Police Service,
                Stressing that both countries and communities will have much to gain if they
           show restraint and choose the path of dialogue instead of resorting to violence or
           provocations,
                 Commending the continued assistance provided to the parties by the AUHIP,
           the Intergovernmental Authority on Development, the Federal Democratic Republic
           of Ethiopia, the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Sudan and South Sudan,
           and UNISFA,
                 Further commending the efforts of UNISFA in effectively carrying out its
           mandate, including by its ongoing facilitation of peaceful migration throughout the
           Abyei Area, conflict prevention, mediation and deterrence, and expressing its deep
           appreciation for the work of the troop-contributing countries, and strongly
           underscoring the unacceptability of any attack on United Nations personnel,
           including the firing on UNISFA patrols in early 2017 by unknown assailants, and
           reiterating that such attacks should be swiftly and thoroughly investigated, and that
           those responsible should be held to account,
                 Taking note of the security situation in the Abyei Area as characterized by the
           11 April 2017 Secretary-General’s report (S/2017/312), and acknowledging
           UNISFA’s contribution to enhanced peace and stability since its deployment and
           expressing its determination to prevent the recurrence of violence against or
           displacements of civilians and to avert intercommunal conflict,
                Reiterating its deep concern regarding the public administration and rule of
           law vacuum in the Abyei Area, due to continued delays in the establishment of the
           Abyei Area Administration and Council and Police, including a special unit to deal
           with particular issues related to nomadic migration, which are essential to maintain
           law and order and prevent intercommunal conflict in Abyei, and in this regard,
           welcoming UNISFA’s efforts to support and strengthen community protection
           committees, and to continue engaging with both governments on this issue,
                 Noting with concern the continued delay in establishing the temporary
           institutions and resolving the final status of Abyei and that the continued threat of
           intercommunal violence contributes to heightened tensions in the Abyei Area,
           including those ongoing tensions that prevent UNISFA’s and other agencies’
           Sudanese staff from returning to Abyei,

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                     Urging all parties to refrain from any unilateral action that could aggravate
               intercommunal relations within the Abyei Area, expressing concern over the
               continued implications of what the AUPSC described in their 6 November 2013
               press statement as “the decision by the Ngok Dinka to conduct a unilateral
               referendum” and also in this context, taking note that the Government of Suda n
               proceeded with its April 2015 national elections in Abyei,
                     Bearing in mind the current humanitarian situation in which humanitarian
               actors continue to provide assistance to 160,000 people in the Abyei Area and the
               importance of coherence of United Nations assistance in the region, and further
               stressing the urgency of facilitating the delivery of humanitarian assistance to all
               affected populations,
                     Affirming the importance of voluntary, safe, dignified return and sustainable
               reintegration of displaced persons, and of peaceful and orderly migration cycles
               respecting the traditional migratory routes from Sudan to South Sudan through
               Abyei, and urging UNISFA to continue to take measures as necessary to ensure
               security in the Abyei Area in accordance with its mandate,
                     Recalling its resolution 2117 (2013), and expressing grave concern at the
               threat to peace and security in Abyei arising from the illicit transfer, destabilizing
               accumulation and misuse of small arms and light weapons, welcoming the
               completion of infrastructure, systems, and policy for weapons confiscation, storage
               and destruction, and calling on UNISFA to ensure adequate protection of this
               infrastructure,
                    Expressing concern about the residual threat of landmines and explosive
               remnants of war in the Abyei Area, which hinders the safe return of displaced
               persons to their homes, safe migration, and livelihood activities,
                     Taking note of the 5 April 2017 and 11 April 2017 Secretary-General’s reports
               (S/2017/293 and S/2017/312), including the Secretary-General’s call on the parties
               to renew efforts to address the issues that have remained unresolved, imple ment the
               20 June 2011 Abyei Agreement and remove all operational obstacles faced by
               UNISFA,
                     Recalling that the Security Council welcomed in resolution 2205 (2015) the
               decision of the Secretary-General to appoint a civilian head of mission,
                    Recognizing that the current situation in Abyei and along the border between
               the Sudan and South Sudan continues to constitute a serious threat to international
               peace and security,
                     1.    Decides to extend until 15 November 2017 the mandate of the United
               Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) as set out in paragraph 2 of
               resolution 1990 (2011) and modified by resolution 2024 (2011) and paragraph 1 of
               resolution 2075 (2012) and acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United
               Nations, further decides to extend until 15 November 2017 the tasks of UNISFA as
               set out in paragraph 3 of resolution 1990 (2011), and determines that for the
               purposes of paragraph 1 of resolution 2024 (2011), support to the operational
               activities of the JBVMM shall include support to the Ad Hoc Committees, as
               appropriate when so requested by consensual decisions of these mechanisms, within
               UNISFA’s operational area and existing capabilities;
                     2.    Underscores that continued cooperation between the Government of
               Sudan and Government of South Sudan is also critical for peace, security and
               stability and the future relations between them;
                   3.  Further reiterates its demand that Sudan and South Sudan urgently
               commence the establishment of the Abyei Area Administration and Council,

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           including by resolving the deadlock over the composition of the Council, and
           constitute the Abyei Police Service, to enable it to take over policing functions
           throughout the Abyei Area, including the protection of oil infrastructure, in
           accordance with their commitments in the 20 June 2011 Agreement;
                 4.   Urges the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to resume direct
           negotiations in order to urgently agree on a final settlement of the Abyei question,
           calls upon the parties to take concrete confidence-building measures to contribute to
           achieving this objective with renewed support from the AUHIP, encourages the
           AUHIP and the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General to continue coordinating
           efforts towards calling for full implementation of the 2011 agreements, and requests
           the Secretary-General to brief on progress in that regard by 15 August 2017;
                 5.    Regrets that an AJOC meeting has not yet taken place, and urges the
           implementation of previous AJOC decisions and the 20 June 2011 Agreement,
           recalls the need for African Union initiatives to support this goal and encourages its
           renewed engagement, and requests the Secretary-General to provide an assessment
           of progress on these issues in his regular reports;
                 6.   Expresses renewed concern regarding the delays and stalled efforts to
           fully operationalize the JBVMM, recalls the Secretary-General’s benchmarks and
           recommendations regarding JBVMM operations, takes note that continued
           investment in achieving full operational capability of the JBVMM should be based
           on a set of conditions, including resolution of the dispute over the SDBZ, and calls
           upon the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan to make timely
           and effective use of the JBVMM, JPSM and other agreed joint mechanisms to
           ensure the security and transparency of the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”;
                 7.    Calls on both parties to uphold their commitments in the Agreement on
           the Border Monitoring Support Mission of 30 July 2011, including resumption of
           border demarcation discussions, occurrence of regular meetings of the JPSM, and
           granting of full freedom of movement, and calls on both parties to demonstrate full
           commitment to implementation of their border arrangements and take the necessary
           steps to this effect, including by follow up to the 5 June 2016 meeting and by
           swiftly holding a further meeting of the JPSM to take the operational decisions
           related to their agreement on the SDBZ;
                 8.   Decides that this extension of the mandate modification set forth in
           resolution 2024 (2011) shall be the final such extension unless both parties
           demonstrate through their actions clear commitment and steadfast guarantees for
           implementation of the JBVMM, in line with the steps outlined in paragraph 7, and
           requests the Secretary-General to report on the status of whether the mechanism has
           reached full operating capability by 15 October 2017;
                 9.    Decides to decrease the authorized troop ceiling to 4,791 and requests
           the Secretary-General to keep the Council fully updated on the status of deployment
           as part of his regular reporting cycle;
                 10. Urges renewed efforts to determine conclusively the SDBZ centreline on
           the ground, and reiterates that the centreline of the SDBZ in no way prejudices the
           current or future legal status of the border, ongoing negotiations on the disputed and
           claimed areas, and demarcation of the borders;
                11. Underscores that UNISFA’s protection of civilians mandate as set out in
           paragraph 3 of resolution 1990 (2011) includes taking the necessary actions to
           protect civilians under imminent threat of physical violence, irrespec tive of the
           source of such violence, and commending UNISFA’s efforts in that regard;

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                     12. Condemns the intermittent presence of South Sudan security service
               personnel and the deployment of Diffra Oil Police units in the Abyei Area, in
               violation of the 20 June 2011 Agreement, as well as any entry of armed militias into
               the territory, and reiterates its demands that immediately and without preconditions
               the Government of South Sudan fully redeploy its security service personnel from
               the Abyei Area and that the Government of Sudan redeploy the Oil Police in Diffra
               from the Abyei Area, and further reiterates, in accordance with relevant resolutions,
               in particular resolution 1990 (2011) and resolution 2046 (2012), that the Abyei Area
               shall be demilitarized from any forces, as well as armed elements of the local
               communities, other than UNISFA and the Abyei Police Service;
                    13. Supports the AJOC’s 3 May 2013 and 30 March 2015 decisions on
               Abyei’s status as a weapons-free area, underscores the AUPSC’s concern in its
               7 May 2013 Communiqué over reports that various communities living in Abyei are
               heavily armed, recalls that the 20 June 2011 Agreement on Temporary
               Arrangements for the Administration and Security of the Abyei Area stipulates that
               Abyei should be a weapons-free area and that only UNISFA is authorized to carry
               weapons inside the area, and in this regard, urges the two Governments to take all
               necessary steps to ensure that Abyei is effectively demilitarized, including through
               disarmament programs as necessary;
                     14. Reaffirms that UNISFA may undertake weapons confiscation and
               destruction in the Abyei Area as authorized under resolution 1990 (2011), consistent
               with its mandate and within its existing capabilities, in coordination with the
               signatories of the June 2011 Agreement on the Temporary Arrangements for the
               Administration and Security of the Abyei Area, the AJOC, and the Misseriya and
               Ngok Dinka communities and consistent with the previous AJOC decision to
               establish the Area as a “weapons free area”, and reiterates its request that UNISFA,
               observe, document and report on the movement of weapons into Abyei and the
               presence, destruction and confiscation of weapons within Abyei as part of the
               Secretary-General’s regular reporting cycle;
                     15. Requests UNISFA to continue its dialogue with the AJOC and with the
               Misseriya and Ngok Dinka communities on effective strategies and oversight
               mechanisms for ensuring full compliance by all relevant parties with Abyei ’s status
               as a weapons-free area, with a particular priority placed on the urgent elimination of
               heavy or crew-served weapons, as well as rocket-propelled grenades, and calls upon
               the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan, the AJOC, and the Misseriya and Ngok
               Dinka communities to extend full cooperation to UNISFA in this regard;
                    16. Urges the two Governments immediately to take steps to implement
               confidence-building measures among the respective communities in the Abyei Area,
               ensuring women are involved at all stages, including through reconciliation
               processes at the grass-roots level as well as through support for the ongoing efforts
               of non-governmental organizations engaging in peacebuilding, and by fully
               supporting UNISFA’s efforts in promoting community dialogue, strongly welcomes
               continued engagement between the Ngok Dinka and Misseriya communities, and
               strongly urges all Abyei communities to exercise maximum restraint in all their
               engagements and to desist from inflammatory acts or statements that may lead to
               violent clashes;
                     17. Underscores that women’s participation at all levels of inter-community
               dialogue is critical to ensure a credible and legitimate process and calls upon all
               parties to promote full and equal participation of women;
                    18. Welcomes the positive developments at the grass-roots level between the
               Ngok Dinka and Misseriya communities, particularly their noted commitment to
               reconciliation and cooperation, as demonstrated by the resumption of trading

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           activities and the monitoring of stolen property and livestock, including the prompt
           return of or provision of compensation for stolen property to victims of crime;
                 19. Welcomes UNISFA initiatives, to support community dialogue and efforts
           by the Misseriya and Ngok Dinka communities to strengthen inter -communal
           relationships and facilitate stability and reconciliation in the Abyei Area, including
           the facilitation of joint peace committee meetings between both communities and
           re-opening of a common market;
                20. Welcomes UNISFA’s continued efforts, within existing capabilities and
           resources, and in close coordination with the Misseriya and Ngok Dinka
           communities, to strengthen the capacities of Community Protection Committees in
           order to assist with management of law and order processes in Abyei and to
           continue engaging with both governments on this issue;
                 21. Calls upon all parties to cooperate fully with the findings and
           recommendations following the Abyei Area Joint Investigation and Inquiry
           Committee’s investigation into the killing of a UNISFA peacekeeper and the Ngok
           Dinka Paramount Chief, welcomes the 24 March 2015 AUPSC press statement
           requesting the AU Commission to engage the parties on the findings and
           recommendations, and reiterates the need to enable the two communities to find
           closure on the assassination of the Ngok Dinka Paramount Chief, bearing in mind
           the need to promote stability and reconciliation in the Abyei Area;
                 22. Expresses its intention to continue reviewing as appropriate the mandate
           of UNISFA for possible reconfiguration of the force in light of the compliance by
           Sudan and South Sudan with the decisions set forth in resolution 2046 (2012) and
           their commitments as set forth in the Agreements of 20 June, 29 June, 30 July 2011
           and 27 September 2012, including the redeployment of all forces from the SDBZ,
           achieving full operational capability for the JBVMM and the Ad Hoc Committees,
           as well as completing the full demilitarization of the Abyei Area;
                23. Calls upon all Member States, in particular Sudan and South Sudan, to
           ensure the free, unhindered and expeditious movement, to and from Abyei and
           throughout the SDBZ, of all personnel, as well as equipment, provisions, supplies
           and other goods, including vehicles, aircraft, and spare parts, which are for the
           exclusive and official use of UNISFA;
                 24. Renews its call upon the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to
           provide full support to the United Nations, including by promptly issuing visas to
           military, police and civilian United Nations personnel, including humanitaria n
           personnel, without prejudice to their nationality, for entry into Sudan and South
           Sudan, facilitating basing arrangements, infrastructure construction in the Mission
           Area and flight clearances, and providing logistical support, calls upon the
           Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to facilitate travel from within Sudan and
           South Sudan to and from Abyei, and further calls upon all parties to fully adhere to
           their obligations under the Status of Forces Agreements;
                 25. Recognizes that the absence of development projects and the inability to
           deliver basic government services has had an adverse effect on Abyei populations
           and calls upon the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan, as
           well as donors to support reconstruction and capacity-building;
                 26. Demands that the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
           Sudan continue to facilitate the deployment of the United Nations Mine Action
           Service (UNMAS) to ensure JBVMM freedom of movement, as well as the
           identification and clearance of mines in the Abyei Area and SDBZ;

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                     27. Further demands that all parties involved allow all humanitarian
               personnel full, safe and unhindered access to civilians in need of assistance and all
               necessary facilities for their operations, in accordance with international law,
               including applicable international humanitarian law, and United Nations guiding
               principles of humanitarian assistance;
                     28. Strongly urges that all parties cease all forms of violence, human rights
               violations and abuses, violations of international humanitarian law, and violations
               and abuses against children in violation of applicable international law;
                    29. Urges UNISFA to make rapid progress on deploying a Women and Child
               Protection Advisor;
                     30. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure that effective human rights
               monitoring is carried out, and the results included in his reports to the Council, and
               reiterates its call upon the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan to extend their full cooperation to the Secretary-General to this end,
               including by issuing visas to the concerned United Nations personnel;
                    31. Recalls resolution 2272 (2016) and further requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary measures to ensure full compliance of UNISFA with
               the United Nations zero tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to
               keep the Council fully informed through his regular country -specific reports to the
               Council about UNISFA’s progress in this regard, including with respect to the
               implementation of resolution 2272 (2016);
                    32. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to inform the Council of
               progress in implementing UNISFA’s mandate in two written reports, no later than
               31 July 2017 and 15 October 2017, and continue to bring to the Council ’s
               immediate attention any serious violations of the above referenced Agreements;
                    33. Notes the Secretary-General’s efforts to ensure close cooperation among
               United Nations missions in the region, including UNISFA, the United Nations
               Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS), and the African Union -United
               Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID), as well as his Special Envoy for
               Sudan and South Sudan, and requests that he continue this practice;
                    34.   Decides to remain actively seized of this matter.

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Security Council resolution 2352 (2017) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 Nov. 2017]

UN Interim Security Force for Abyei|Joint Border Verification Monitoring Mechanism (Sudan and South Sudan)|Abyei Joint Oversight Committee|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|INTERNAL SECURITY|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|PROTECTION OF CIVILIANS IN PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|ABYEI (SUDAN)|SUDAN|SOUTH SUDAN

S/72 [217] UN INTERIM SECURITY FORCE FOR ABYEI
S/72 [160] SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/72 [223] SOUTH SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS