               United Nations                                                                    S/RES/2360 (2017)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               21 June 2017

               Resolution 2360 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7981st meeting,
               on 21 June 2017

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions and the statements of its President
               concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC),
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of the DRC as well as all States in the region and emphasizing
               the need to respect fully the principles of non-interference, good neighbourliness
               and regional cooperation,
                     Stressing the primary responsibility of the Government of the DRC for
               ensuring security in its territory and protecting its populations with respect for the
               rule of law, human rights and international humanitarian law, including protection
               from crimes against humanity and war crimes,
                    Taking note of the interim report (S/2016/1102) of the Group of Experts on the
               DRC (“the Group of Experts”) established pursuant to resolution 1533 (2004) and
               extended pursuant to resolutions 1807 (2008), 1857 (2008), 1896 (2009), 1952
               (2010), 2021 (2011), 2078 (2012), 2136 (2014), 2198 (2015) and 2293 (2016),
                     Condemning in the strongest terms the killing of two members of the Group of
               Experts who were monitoring the sanctions regime in the Kasaï Central region,
               expressing its deepest sympathy to the families of the victims, the Governments of
               the United States, Chile and Sweden, as well as to the Group of Experts on the DRC
               and the UN Secretariat, and further expressing concern over the unknown status of
               the four Congolese nationals accompanying them,
                     Reiterating the need for the Government of the DRC to swiftly and fully
               investigate the killing of the two members of the Group of Experts and bring the
               perpetrators to justice, calling upon the Government of the DRC to cooperate with
               the United Nations enquiries, as well as with law enforcement investigations that
               may be conducted by Sweden or the United States, in accordance with DRC
               national legislation, and in this context, welcoming the Secretary General’s
               establishment of a UN Board of Inquiry to investigate the deaths of the two experts
               and his commitment that the United Nations will do everything possible to ensure
               that the perpetrators are brought to justice,
                    Recalling the strategic importance of the implementation of the Peace,
               Security and Cooperation (PSC) Framework for the DRC and the region, and

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               reiterating its call to all signatories to fulfil promptly, fully and in good faith their
               respective commitments under this agreement in order to address the root causes of
               conflict and put an end to recurring cycles of violence,
                     Recalling the commitments under the PSC Framework by all States of the
               region not to interfere in the internal affairs of neighbouring countries, and to
               neither tolerate nor provide assistance or support of any kind to armed groups, and
               reiterating its strong condemnation of any and all internal or external support to
               armed groups active in the region, including through financial, logistical or military
               support,
                     Remaining greatly concerned by the security and humanitarian situation that
               continues to severely affect the civilian population, expressing deep concern
               regarding the recent surge in the number of internally displaced persons in the DRC,
               further reiterating its deep concern regarding the ongoing military activities of
               foreign and domestic armed groups and the smuggling of Congolese natural
               resources, in particular gold and ivory, stressing the importance of neutralizing all
               armed groups, including the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda
               (FDLR), the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA),
               and all other armed groups in the DRC, in line with resolution 2348 (2017),
                     Condemning the violence witnessed in the Kasai region over recent months
               and expressing serious concerns at alleged violations and abuses of human rights
               committed in the region, reiterating its serious concern at serious violations of
               international humanitarian law committed by local militia in that region, recruitment
               and use of children in armed conflict in violation of applicable international law, as
               well as attacks on the Democratic Republic of the Congo s ecurity forces and
               symbols of State authority, further reiterating its serious concerns at the recent
               reports of 42 mass graves and of killings of civilians by members of the security
               forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, all of which might const itute war
               crimes under international law,
                     Reiterating the importance and urgency of prompt and transparent
               investigations into violations of international humanitarian law and violations and
               abuses of human rights in the Kasais region, further reiterating its intention to
               closely monitor progress of the investigations into these violations, including the
               disproportionate use of force, which will be conducted jointly by the Government of
               the DRC, MONUSCO and the United Nations Joint Human Rights Office in the
               DRC, and in collaboration with the AU, as announced by the Government of the
               DRC, in order to bring to justice and hold accountable all those responsible, and
               looking forward to their results,
                      Condemning the brutal killings of more than 600 civilians in the Beni area
               since October 2014, expressing deep concern regarding the continued threat posed
               by armed groups, in particular the ADF, and the persistence of violence in this
               region, further expressing concern at reports of collaboration between elements of
               the FARDC and armed groups at a local level, in particular recent reports of
               individual officers of the FARDC playing a role in the insecurity in the region of
               Beni, calling for investigations in order to ensure that those responsible are held to
               account, noting the commitment expressed by the Government of the DRC in its
               letter of 15 June 2016 (S/2016/542),
                     Expressing further concern at increased impediments to humanitarian access
               in eastern DRC resulting from insecurity and violence, as well as continued attacks
               against humanitarian actors and assets, underlining that such acts could be the basis
               for designation pursuant to paragraph 2 of this resolution, and calling upon all
               parties in the conflict to respect the impartiality, independence and neutrality of
               humanitarian actors,

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                 Reaffirming the importance of completing the permanent demobilization of the
           former 23 March Movement (M23) combatants, stressing the importance of
           ensuring that its ex-combatants do not regroup or join other armed groups, and
           calling for the acceleration of the implementation of the Nairobi Declarations and of
           the Disarmament, Demobilisation, Repatriation, Reintegration and Resettl ement
           (DDRRR) of M23 ex-combatants, including by overcoming obstacles to
           repatriation, in coordination with the regional States concerned,
                 Condemning the illicit flow of weapons within and into the DRC, including
           their recirculation to and between armed groups, in violation of resolutions 1533
           (2004), 1807 (2008), 1857 (2008), 1896 (2009), 1952 (2010), 2021 (2011), 2078
           (2012), 2136 (2014), 2198 (2015) and 2293 (2016), and declaring its determination
           to continue to monitor closely the implementation of the arms embargo and other
           measures set out by its resolutions concerning the DRC,
                Acknowledging in this respect the important contribution the Council -
           mandated arms embargo makes to countering the illicit transfer of small arms and
           light weapons in the DRC, and in supporting post-conflict peacebuilding,
           disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of ex-combatants and security sector
           reform,
                 Underlining that the transparent and effective management of its natural
           resources and ending illegal smuggling and trafficking of such resources are critical
           for the DRC’s sustainable peace and security, expressing concern at the illegal
           exploitation and trafficking of natural resources by armed groups, and the negative
           impact of armed conflict on protected natural areas, commending the efforts of the
           DRC park rangers and others who seek to protect such areas, encouraging the
           Government of the DRC to continue efforts to safeguard these areas, and stressing
           its full respect for the sovereignty of the Government of the DRC over its natural
           resources and its responsibility to effectively manage these resources in this regard,
                 Recalling the linkage between the illegal exploitation of natural resource s,
           including poaching and illegal trafficking of wildlife, illicit trade in such resources,
           and the proliferation and trafficking of arms as one of the major factors fuelling and
           exacerbating conflicts in the Great Lakes region, and encouraging the continu ation
           of the regional efforts of the International Conference of the Great Lakes Region
           (ICGLR) and the governments involved against the illegal exploitation of natural
           resources, and stressing, in this regard, the importance of regional cooperation and
           deepening economic integration with special consideration for the exploitation of
           natural resources,
                 Noting the Group of Experts’ findings that there have been positive efforts
           related to the minerals trade and traceability schemes but that gold remains a s erious
           challenge, recalling the ICGLR’s Lusaka Declaration of the Special Session to Fight
           Illegal Exploitation of Natural Resources in the Great Lakes Region and its call for
           industry due diligence, commending the ICGLR’s commitment and progress on this
           issue and underscoring that it is critical for regional governments and trading
           centres, particularly those involved in gold refining and the gold trade to intensify
           efforts to increase vigilance against smuggling and reduce practices that could
           undermine the DRC and ICGLR’s regional efforts,
                 Noting with concern reports indicating the continued involvement of armed
           groups, as well as some elements of the FARDC, in the illegal minerals trade, the
           illegal production and trade of charcoal and wood, and wildlif e poaching and
           trafficking,
                 Noting with great concern the persistence of serious human rights abuses and
           international humanitarian law violations against civilians in the eastern part of the

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               DRC, including summary executions, sexual and gender- based violence and large
               scale recruitment and use of children committed by armed groups,
                     Recalling that full and timely implementation of the 31 December 2016
               agreement is critical in supporting the legitimacy of the transitional institutions,
               stressing the crucial importance of a peaceful and credible electoral cycle, in
               accordance with the Constitution and respecting the African Charter on Democracy,
               Elections and Governance, for lasting stabilisation and consolidation of
               constitutional democracy in the DRC, and calling for the immediate implementation
               of confidence-building measures, as per the agreement, including by putting an end
               to restrictions of the political space in the DRC, in particular arbitrary arrests and
               detention of members of the political opposition and of civil society, as well as
               restrictions of fundamental freedoms such as the freedom of opinion and expression,
               including freedom of the press, further stressing the importance of the Government
               of the DRC and its national partners taking all necessary steps to accelerate
               preparations for the elections without further delays, including participation of
               women at all levels and to ensure an environment conducive to the peaceful and
               inclusive conduct of political activities, and the holding of electi ons, as per the
               31 December agreement,
                    Remaining deeply concerned by reports of an increase in serious human rights
               and international humanitarian law violations committed by some members of the
               FARDC, the National Intelligence Agency, the Republican Guard and Congolese
               National Police (PNC), urging all parties to refrain from violence and provocation
               as well as to respect human rights, and emphasizing that the Government of the
               DRC must comply with the principle of proportionality in the use of force,
                      Recalling the importance of fighting against impunity within all ranks of its
               security forces, and stressing the need for the Government of the DRC to continue
               its efforts in this regard and to ensure the professionalism of its security forces,
                    Calling for all those responsible for violations of international humanitarian
               law and violations or abuses of human rights including those involving violence or
               abuses against children and acts of sexual and gender -based violence, to be swiftly
               apprehended, brought to justice and held accountable,
                     Recalling all its relevant resolutions on women and peace and security, on
               children and armed conflict, and on the protection of civilians in armed conflicts,
               also recalling the conclusions of the Security Council Working Group on Children
               and Armed Conflict pertaining to the parties in armed conflict of the DRC
               (S/AC.51/2014/3) adopted on 18 September 2014,
                     Welcoming the efforts of the Government of the DRC, including the
               Presidential Adviser on Sexual Violence and the Recruitment of Children, to
               cooperate with the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and
               Armed Conflict, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual
               Violence, and MONUSCO, to implement the action plan to prevent and end the
               recruitment and use of children and sexual violence by the FARDC, and to combat
               impunity for conflict-related sexual violence, including sexual violence committed
               by the FARDC,
                    Noting the critical importance of effective implementation of the sanctions
               regime, including the key role that neighbouring States, as well as regional and
               subregional organizations, can play in this regard and encouraging efforts to further
               enhance cooperation,
                    Underlining the fundamental importance of timely and detailed notifications to
               the Committee concerning arms, ammunition and training as set out in section 11 of
               the Guidelines of the Committee,

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                 Determining that the situation in the DRC continues to constitute a threat to
           international peace and security in the region,
                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

           Sanctions regime
                 1.    Decides to renew until 1 July 2018 the measures as set out in paragraph
           1 to 6 of resolution 2293 (2016), including its reaffirmations therein, and decides to
           review the provisions of the present resolution by 31 October 2017 following
           submission of the final report referred to in paragraph 5 of this resolution;
                2.    Reaffirms that measures described in paragraph 5 of resolution 2293 shall
           apply to individuals and entities as designated by the Committee for engaging in or
           providing support for acts that undermine the peace, stability or security of the
           DRC, as set forth in paragraph 7 of resolution 2293 (2016);
                 3.    Decides that such acts include planning, directing, sponsoring or
           participating in attacks against MONUSCO peacekeepers or United Nations
           personnel, including members of the Group of Experts;

           Group of experts
                4.    Decides to extend until 1 August 2018 the mandate of the Group of
           Experts, expresses its intention to review the mandate and take appropriate action
           regarding the further extension no later than 1 July 2018, and requests the
           Secretary-General to take the necessary administrative measures as expeditio usly as
           possible to re-establish the Group of Experts, in consultation with the Committee,
           drawing, as appropriate, on the expertise of the members of the Group established
           pursuant to previous resolutions;
                5.     Extends to 15 August 2017 the deadline for the submission of the final
           report of the Group of Experts requested in paragraph 9 of resolution 2293 (2016),
           given the extraordinary circumstances under which the Group of Experts is
           currently operating and taking into account the letter dated 15 June 2017 from the
           Chair of the Committee to the President of the Security Council;
                6.   Requests the Group of Experts to fulfil its mandate as consolidated
           below, and to provide to the Council, after discussion with the Committee, a
           mid-term report no later than 30 December 2017, and a final report no later than
           15 June 2018, as well as submit monthly updates to the Committee, except in the
           months where the mid-term and final reports are due;
                 (a) assist the Committee in carrying out its mandate, including through
           providing the Committee with information relevant to the potential designation of
           individuals and entities who may be engaging in the activities described in
           paragraph 2 of this resolution;
                 (b) gather, examine and analyse information regarding the implementation,
           with a focus on incidents of non-compliance, of the measures decided in this
           resolution;
                (c) consider and recommend, where appropriate, ways of improving the
           capabilities of Member States, in particular those in the region, to ensure the
           measures imposed by this resolution are effectively implemented;
                 (d) gather, examine and analyse information regarding the regional and
           international support networks to armed groups and criminal networks in the DRC;
                 (e) gather, examine and analyse information regarding the supply, sale or
           transfer of arms, related materiel and related military assistance, including through

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               illicit trafficking networks and the transfer of arms and related materiel to armed
               groups from the DRC security forces;
                     (f) gather, examine and analyse information regarding perpetrators of
               serious violations of international humanitarian law and human rights violations and
               abuses, including those within the security forces, in the DRC,
                     (g) evaluate the impact of minerals traceability referred to in paragraph 21 of
               this resolution and continue collaboration with other forums;
                     (h) assist the Committee in refining and updating information on the list of
               individuals and entities subject to the measures imposed by this resolution,
               including through the provision of identifying information and additional
               information for the publicly-available narrative summary of reasons for listing;
                     7.    Expresses its full support to the Group of Experts and calls for enhanced
               cooperation between all States, particularly those in the region, MONUSCO,
               relevant UN bodies and the Group of Experts, encourages further that all parties and
               all States ensure cooperation with the Group of Experts by individuals and enti ties
               within their jurisdiction or under their control and reiterates its demand that all
               parties and all States ensure the safety of its members and its support staff, and that
               all parties and all States, including the DRC and countries of the region, provide
               unhindered and immediate access, in particular to persons, documents and sites the
               Group of Experts deems relevant to the execution of its mandate;
                    8.  Calls upon the Group of Experts to cooperate actively with other Panels
               or Groups of Experts established by the Security Council, as relevant to the
               implementation of its mandate;

               Armed groups
                     9.    Strongly condemns all armed groups operating in the region and their
               violations of international humanitarian law as well as other applicable international
               law, and abuses of human rights including attacks on the civilian population,
               MONUSCO peacekeepers and humanitarian actors, summary executions, sexual and
               gender-based violence and large scale recruitment and use of children, and
               reiterates that those responsible will be held accountable;
                    10. Demands that the FDLR, the ADF, the LRA and all other armed groups
               operating in the DRC cease immediately all forms of violence and other
               destabilizing activities, including the exploitation of natural resources, and that their
               members immediately and permanently disband, lay down their arms, and liberate
               and demobilize all children from their ranks;

               National and Regional Commitments
                     11. Welcomes the progress made to date by the Government of the DRC on
               ending the recruitment and use of children in armed conflict, urges the Government
               of the DRC to continue the full implementation and dissemination throughout the
               military chain of command, including in remote areas, of its commitments made in
               the action plan signed with the United Nations, and for the protection of girls and
               boys from sexual violence, and further calls upon the Government of the DRC to
               ensure that children are not detained on charges related to association with armed
               groups;
                    12. Welcomes efforts made by the Government of the DRC to combat and
               prevent sexual violence in conflict, including progress made in the fight against
               impunity, and calls on the Government of DRC to further pursue its action plan
               commitments to end sexual violence and violations committed by its armed forces

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           and continue efforts in that regard, noting that failure to do so may result in the
           FARDC being named again in future Secretary-General’s reports on sexual
           violence;
                 13. Stresses the importance of the Government of the DRC actively seeking
           to hold accountable those responsible for war crimes and crimes against humanity in
           the country and of regional cooperation to this end, including through its ongoing
           cooperation with the International Criminal Court, encourages MONUSCO to use
           its existing authority to assist the government of the DRC in this regard, and calls
           on all signatories of the PSC Framework to continue to implement their
           commitments and cooperate fully with one another and the Government of the DRC,
           as well as MONUSCO to this end;
                 14. Recalls that there should be no impunity for any of those responsible for
           violations of international humanitarian law and violations and abuses of human
           rights in the DRC and the region, and, in this regard, urges the DRC, all countries in
           the region and other concerned UN Member States to bring perpetrators to justice
           and hold them accountable, including those within the security sector;
                 15. Calls on the Government of the DRC to continue to enhance stockpile
           security, accountability and management of arms and ammunition, with the
           assistance of international partners, to address ongoing reports of diversion to armed
           groups, as necessary and requested, and to urgently implement a national weapons
           marking program, in particular for state-owned firearms, in line with the standards
           established by the Nairobi Protocol and the Regional Centre on Small Arms;
                 16. Emphasizes the primary responsibility of the Government of the DRC to
           reinforce State authority and governance in eastern DRC, including through
           effective security sector reform to allo w army, police and justice sector reform, and
           to end impunity for violations and abuses of human rights and violations of
           international humanitarian law, and urges the Government of the DRC to increase
           efforts in this regard, in accordance with its national commitments under the PSC
           Framework;
                 17. Urges the Government of the DRC as well as all relevant parties to
           swiftly implement the 31 December 2016 “Comprehensive and Inclusive Political
           Agreement” and to ensure an environment conducive to a free, fair, credible,
           inclusive, transparent, peaceful and timely electoral process, in accordance with the
           Congolese Constitution, and recalls all relevant paragraphs of resolution 2348
           (2017);
                 18. Calls upon all States, especially those in the region, to take effective
           steps to ensure that there is no support, in or from their territories, for armed groups
           in, or travelling through, the DRC, stressing the need to address the networks of
           support, the recruitment and use of child soldiers, financing and recruitment of
           armed groups active in the DRC, as well as the need to address the ongoing
           collaboration between FARDC elements and armed groups at a local level, and calls
           upon all States to take steps to hold accountable, where appropriate, leaders and
           members of the FDLR and other armed groups residing in their countries;

           Natural Resources
                  19. Further encourages the continuation of efforts by the Government of the
           DRC to address issues of illegal exploitation and smuggling of natural resources,
           including holding accountable those elements of the FARDC which participate in
           the illicit trade of natural resources, particularly gold and wildlife products;

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                    20. Stresses the need to undertake further efforts to cut off financing for
               armed groups involved in destabilizing activities through the illicit trade of natural
               resources, including gold or wildlife products;
                     21. Welcomes in this regard the measures taken by the Congolese
               Government to implement the due diligence guidelines on the supply chain of
               minerals, as defined by the Group of Experts and the Organization for Economic
               Cooperation and Development (OECD), recognizes the Congolese Government’s
               efforts to implement minerals traceability schemes, and calls on all States to assist
               the DRC, the ICGLR and the countries in the Great Lakes region to develop a
               responsible minerals trade;
                     22. Welcomes measures taken by the Governments in the region to
               implement the Group of Experts due diligence guidelines, including adopting the
               Regional Certification Mechanism of the ICGLR into their national legislation, in
               accordance with OECD Guidance and international practice, requests the extension
               of the certification process to other Member States in the region, and calls on all
               States, particularly those in the region, to continue to raise awareness of the due
               diligence guidelines, including by urging importers, processing industries, including
               gold refiners, and consumers of Congolese mineral products to exercise due
               diligence in accordance with paragraph 19 of resolution 1952 (2010);
                     23. Encourages the ICGLR and ICGLR Member States to work closely with
               the industry schemes currently operating in the DRC to ensure sustainability,
               transparency, and accountability of operations, and further recognizes and
               encourages the DRC government’s continued support for the establishment of
               traceability and diligence systems to allow for the export of artisanal gold;
                     24. Continues to encourage the ICGLR to put in place the necessary
               technical capacity required to support Member States in their fight against the
               illegal exploitation of natural resources, notes that some ICGLR Member States
               have made significant progress, and recommends all Member States to fully
               implement the regional certification scheme and report mineral trade statistics in
               accordance with paragraph 19 of resolution 1952 (2010);
                     25. Encourages all States to continue efforts to end the illicit trade in natural
               resources, in particular in the gold sector, and to hold those complicit in the illicit
               trade accountable, as part of broader efforts to ensure that the illicit trade in natural
               resources is not benefiting sanctioned entities, armed groups or criminal networks,
               including those with members in the FARDC;
                    26. Reaffirms the provisions of paragraphs 7 to 9 of resolution 2021 (2011)
               and calls upon the DRC and States in the Great Lakes region to cooperate at the
               regional level to investigate and combat regional criminal networks and armed
               groups involved in the illegal exploitation of natural resources, including wildlife
               poaching and trafficking, and require their customs authorities to strengthen their
               control on exports and imports of mineral from the DRC;

               Role of MONUSCO
                     27. Recalls the mandate of MONUSCO as outlined in resolution 2348
               (2017), in particular in paragraph 30 underlining the importance of enhanced
               political and conflict-related analysis, including by collecting and analysing
               information on the criminal networks which support the armed groups,
               paragraph 35 (iii) regarding the monitoring of the implementation of the arms
               embargo, and paragraph 35 (iv) on mining activities;
                   28. Encourages timely information exchange between MONUSCO and the
               Group of Experts in line with paragraph 43 of resolution 2348 (2017), and requests

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           MONUSCO to assist the Committee and the Group of Experts, within its
           capabilities;

           Sanctions Committee, Reporting and Review
                 29. Calls upon all States, particularly those in the region and those in which
           individuals and entities designated pursuant to paragraph 2 of this resolution are
           based, to regularly report to the Committee on the actions they have taken to
           implement the measures imposed by paragraphs 1, 4, and 5 and recommended in
           paragraph 8 of resolution 1952 (2010);
                30. Emphasizes the importance for the Committee of holding regular
           consultations with concerned Member States, as may be necessary, in order to
           ensure full implementation of the measures set forth in this resolution;
                 31. Requests the Committee to report orally, through its Chair, at least once
           per year to the Council, on the state of the overall work of the Committee, including
           alongside the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for the DRC on the
           situation in the DRC as appropriate, and encourages the Chair to hold regular
           briefings for all interested Member States;
                 32. Requests the Committee to identify possible cases of non-compliance
           with the measures pursuant to paragraphs 1, 4 and 5 of resolution 2293 (2016) and
           to determine the appropriate course of action on each case, and requests the Chair,
           in regular reports to the Council pursuant to paragraph 31 of this resolution, to
           provide progress reports on the Committee’s work on this issue;
                33. Requests the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for
           Children and Armed Conflict and the Special Representative for Sexual Violence in
           Conflict to continue sharing relevant information with the Committee in accordance
           with paragraph 7 of resolution 1960 (2010) and paragraph 9 of resolution 1998
           (2011);
                 34. Decides that, when appropriate and no later than 1 July 2018, it shall
           review the measures set forth in this resolution, with a view to adjusting them, as
           appropriate, in light of the security situation in the DRC, in particular progress in
           security sector reform and in disarming, demobilizing, repatriating, resettling and
           reintegrating, as appropriate, Congolese and foreign armed groups, with a particular
           focus on children among them, and compliance with this resolution;
                35.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2360 (2017) [on renewal of measures on arms embargo against the Democratic Republic of the Congo imposed by Security Council resolution 2293 (2016) until 1 July 2018 and extension of the mandate of the Group of Experts Established pursuant to Resolution 1533 (2004) until 1 Aug. 2018]

Chile|Congo, The Democratic Republic of the|Congo|Rwanda|Sweden

Latin America and the Caribbean|Northern Europe|Sub-Saharan Africa

Eastern Africa|Middle Africa|South America

UN. Group of Experts Established pursuant to Resolution 1533 (2004)|UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|UN. Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 1533 (2004) concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|ARMS EMBARGO|ARMS TRANSFERS|NATURAL RESOURCES|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION|SANCTIONS COMPLIANCE

S/72 [102] DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION
S/72 [104] UN ORGANIZATION STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO


               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/2361 (2017)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                29 June 2017

               Resolution 2361 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7986th meeting, on
               29 June 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Noting with concern that the situation in the Middle East is tense and is likely
               to remain so, unless and until a comprehensive settlement covering all aspects of the
               Middle East problem can be reached,
                     Having considered the report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations
               Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) of 8 June 2017 ( S/2017/486) and also
               reaffirming its resolution 1308 (2000) of 17 July 2000,
                    Stressing that both parties must abide by the terms of the 1974 Disengagement
               of Forces Agreement between Israel and the Syrian Arab Republic and scrupulously
               observe the ceasefire,
                     Concurring with the Secretary-General’s findings that the ongoing military
               activities conducted by any actor in the area of separation continue to have the
               potential to escalate tensions between Israel and the Syrian Arab Republic,
               jeopardize the ceasefire between the two countries, and pose a risk to the local
               civilian population and United Nations personnel on the ground,
                   Expressing grave concern at all violations of the Disengagement of Forces
               Agreement,
                     Stressing that there should be no military forces in the area of separation other
               than those of UNDOF,
                     Strongly condemning the continued fighting in the area of separation, calling
               on all parties to the Syrian domestic conflict to cease military actions in the UNDOF
               area of operations and to respect international humanitarian law,
                    Condemning the use of heavy weapons by both the Syrian armed forces and
               armed groups in the ongoing Syrian conflict in the area of separation, including the
               use of tanks by the Syrian armed forces and opposition during clashes,
                     Echoing the Secretary-General’s call upon all parties to the Syrian domestic
               conflict to cease military actions throughout the country, including in the UNDOF
               area of operations,
                    Reaffirming its readiness to consider listing individuals, groups, undertakings,
               and entities providing support to the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, also

17-10823 (E)
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               known as Da’esh) or to the Al-Nusra Front, including those who are financing,
               arming, planning, or recruiting for ISIL or the Al-Nusra Front and all other
               individuals, groups, undertakings, and entities associated with ISIL and Al-Qaida as
               listed on the ISIL (Da’esh) and Al-Qaida Sanctions List, including those
               participating in or otherwise supporting attacks against UNDOF peacekeepers,
                     Recognizing the necessity of efforts to flexibly adjust UNDOF’s posture on a
               temporary basis to minimize the security risk to UNDOF personnel as UNDOF
               continues to implement its mandate, while emphasizing that the ultimate goal is for
               the peacekeepers to return to their positions in UNDOF’s area of operations as soon
               as practicable,
                    Emphasizing the importance of Security Council and troop-contributing
               countries having access to reports and information related to UNDOF’s current
               temporary configuration, and reinforcing that such information assists the Security
               Council with evaluating, mandating, and reviewing UNDOF and with effective
               consultation with troop-contributing countries,
                    Underscoring the need for UNDOF to have at its disposal all necessary means
               and resources to carry out its mandate safely and securely, i ncluding technology and
               equipment to enhance its observation of the area of separation and the ceasefire line,
               and to improve force protection, as appropriate, and recalling that the theft of
               United Nations weapons and ammunition, vehicles and other assets, and the looting
               and destruction of United Nations facilities, are unacceptable,
                     Expressing its profound appreciation to UNDOF’s military and civilian
               personnel, including those from Observer Group Golan, for their service in an
               increasingly challenging operating environment, underscoring the important
               contribution UNDOF’s continued presence makes to peace and security in the
               Middle East, welcoming steps taken to enhance the safety and security of UNDOF,
               including Observer Group Golan, personnel, and stressing the need for continued
               vigilance to ensure the safety and security of UNDOF and Observer Group Golan
               personnel,
                    Strongly condemning incidents threatening the safety and security of United
               Nations personnel,
                     Expressing its appreciation to UNDOF, including Observer Group Golan, for
               the efforts made to upgrade and expand its positions on Mount Hermon, including
               the establishment of new positions,
                     Taking note of the Secretary-General’s plan for UNDOF to return to vacated
               positions, starting with Camp Faouar on the Bravo side, based on a continuous
               assessment of security in the area of separation and its surroundings, and continued
               discussion and coordination with the parties,
                   Recalls that UNDOF’s deployment and the 1974 Disengagement of Forces
               Agreement are steps toward a just and durable peace on the basis of Security
               Council Resolution 338 (1973),
                    1.   Calls upon the parties concerned to implement immediately its resolution
               338 (1973) of 22 October 1973;
                     2.   Stresses the obligation on both parties to scrupulously and fully respect
               the terms of the 1974 Disengagement of Forces Agreement, calls on the parties to
               exercise maximum restraint and prevent any breaches of the ceasefire and the area
               of separation, encourages the parties to take advantage of UNDOF’s liaison
               function regularly to address issues of mutual concern, as appropriate, and
               underscores that there should be no military activity of any kind in the area of
               separation, including military operations by the Syrian Arab Armed Forces;

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                 3.    Underlines that there should be no military activity of the armed
           opposition groups in the area of separation, and urges Member States to convey
           strongly to the Syrian armed opposition groups in UNDOF’s area of operations to
           halt all activities that endanger United Nations peacekeepers on the ground and to
           accord the United Nations personnel on the ground the freedom to carry out their
           mandate safely and securely;
                4.    Calls on all groups other than UNDOF to abandon all UNDOF positions
           and the Quneitra crossing point, and return the peacekeepers’ vehicles, weapons,
           and other equipment;
                5.     Calls on all parties to cooperate fully with the operations of UNDOF, to
           respect its privileges and immunities and to ensure its freedom of movement, as
           well as the security of and unhindered and immediate access for the United Nations
           personnel carrying out their mandate, including the unimpeded delivery of UNDOF
           equipment and the temporary use of alternative ports of entry and departure, as
           required, to ensure safe and secure troop rotation and resupply activities, in
           conformity with existing agreements, and urges prompt report ing by the Secretary-General to the Security Council and troop-contributing countries of any actions that
           impede UNDOF’s ability to fulfil its mandate;
                 6.   Commends the establishment of a new temporary crossing point for
           UNDOF personnel between the Alpha and Bravo sides for contingency situations, in
           the absence of the established crossing at Quneitra, and in this regard, calls on the
           parties to constructively engage with UNDOF, with the understanding that the
           Quneitra crossing will be re-opened as soon as security conditions permit;
                7.    Welcomes the return of an initial UNDOF contingent to Camp Faouar, as
           well as the cooperation of the parties to facilitate this return, together with
           continued efforts to plan for UNDOF’s expeditious return to vacated posit ions in the
           area of separation, including the provision of adequate force protection, based on a
           continuous assessment of security in the area;
                8.    Underscores the importance of deploying appropriate technology,
           including counter-improvised explosive device (IED) capabilities and a sense and
           warn system, to ensure the safety and security of UNDOF personnel and equipment,
           following appropriate consultations with the parties, and urges the Secretary-General to accelerate the development of proposals for such technologies;
                 9.    Encourages the parties to the Disengagement Agreement to engage
           constructively to make the necessary temporary arrangements with UNDOF for the
           force’s return to vacated positions, taking into account existing agreements;
                10. Welcomes the efforts being undertaken by UNDOF to implement the
           Secretary-General’s zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to
           ensure full compliance of its personnel with the United Nations code of conduct,
           requests the Secretary-General to continue to take all necessary action in this regard
           and to keep the Security Council informed, and urges troop-contributing countries
           to take preventive and disciplinary action to ensure that such acts are properly
           investigated and punished in cases involving their personnel;
                 11. Decides to renew the mandate of UNDOF for a period of six months, that
           is, until 31 December 2017, and requests the Secretary-General to ensure that
           UNDOF has the required capacity and resources to fulfil the mandate in a safe and
           secure way;
                 12. Requests the Secretary-General to report every 90 days on developments
           in the situation and the measures taken to implement resolution 338 (1973).

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Security Council resolution 2361 (2017) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) until 31 Dec. 2017]

UN Disengagement Observer Force|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|TRUCE SUPERVISION|GOLAN HEIGHTS|ISRAEL|SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC|MIDDLE EAST SITUATION

S/72 [55] UN DISENGAGEMENT OBSERVER FORCE
S/72 [54] MIDDLE EAST SITUATION


               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2362 (2017)
               Security Council                                               Distr.: General
                                                                              29 June 2017

               Resolution 2362 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7988th meeting, on
               29 June 2017

                    The Security Council,
                      Recalling the arms embargo, travel ban, assets freeze and measures concerning
               illicit oil exports which were imposed and modified by resolutions 1970 (2011),
               1973 (2011), 2009 (2011), 2040 (2012), 2095 (2013), 2144 (2014), 2146 (2014),
               2174 (2014), 2213 (2015), 2278 (2016), 2292 (2016), and 2357 (2017) (the
               Measures), and that the mandate of the Panel of Experts esta blished by paragraph 24
               of resolution 1973 (2011) and modified by resolutions 2040 (2012), 2146 (2014),
               2174 (2014), and 2213 (2015) was extended until 31 July 2017 by resolution 2278
               (2016),
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence,
               territorial integrity and national unity of Libya,
                    Recalling resolution 2259 (2015) which welcomed the signing of the
               17 December 2015 Libyan Political Agreement of Skhirat, Morocco and endorsed
               the Rome Communiqué of 13 December 2015 to support the Government of
               National Accord as the sole legitimate government of Libya, that should be based in
               Tripoli, and further expressing its determination in this regard to support the
               Government of National Accord,
                    Welcoming the meeting of the Libyan Political Dialogue on 10 March 2016,
               which reaffirmed its commitment to uphold the Libyan Political Agreement further
               welcoming recent efforts to strengthen dialogue between Libyans, supported by
               Libya’s neighbours and regional organizations, noting the importance of the United
               Nations-facilitated, Libyan-led process to advance inclusive political dialogue,
                     Underlining the primary responsibility of the Government of National Accord
               in taking appropriate action to prevent the illicit export of petroleum, including
               crude oil and refined petroleum products, from Libya and reaffirming the
               importance of international support for Libyan sovereignty over its te rritory and
               resources,
                    Expressing its concern that the illicit export of petroleum, including crude oil
               and refined petroleum products, from Libya undermines the Government of
               National Accord and poses a threat to the peace, security and stability of Liby a,

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                     Expressing support for Libyan efforts to resolve peacefully the disruptions of
               Libya’s energy exports and reiterating that control of all facilities should be
               transferred back to the proper authorities,
                     Further reiterating its concern about activities which could damage the
               integrity and unity of Libyan State financial institutions and the National Oil
               Corporation, highlighting the importance of these institutions continuing to function
               for the benefit of all Libyans, and stressing the need for the Government of National
               Accord to exercise sole and effective oversight over the National Oil Corporation,
               the Central Bank of Libya, and the Libyan Investment Authority as a matter of
               urgency, without prejudice to future constitutional arrangements pursuant t o the
               Libyan Political Agreement,
                     Further recalling resolution 2259 (2015) which called on Member States to
               cease support to and official contact with parallel institutions claiming to be the
               legitimate authority, but which were outside the Libyan Political Agreement, as
               specified by it,
                     Recalling that international law, as reflected in the United Nations Convention
               on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982, sets out the legal framework applicable
               to activities in the oceans and seas,
                     Further recalling resolution 2292 (2016) and resolution 2357 (2017) which in
               relation to the implementation of the arms embargo authorise, for the period of time
               specified by those resolutions, the inspection on the high seas off the coast of Libya
               of vessels bound to or from Libya believed to be carrying arms or related materiel in
               violation of relevant Security Council resolutions, and the seizure and disposal of
               such items provided that Member States make good faith efforts to first obtain the
               consent of the vessel’s flag State prior to any inspections while acting in accordance
               with those resolutions,
                     Reaffirming the importance of holding accountable those responsible for
               violations or abuses of human rights or violations of international humanitarian law,
               including those involved in attacks targeting civilians and stressing the need to
               transfer detainees to State authority,
                     Reiterating its expression of support for the Government of National Accord,
               as stated in paragraph 3 of resolution 2259 (2015), and noting in this regard the
               specific requests made to the Government of National Accord in this resolution,
                    Reiterating its request that all Member States fully support the efforts of the
               Special Representative of the Secretary-General and work with the Libyan
               authorities and United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNS MIL) to develop a
               coordinated package of support to build the capacity of the Government of National
               Accord, in line with Libyan priorities and in response to requests for assistance,
                     Determining that the situation in Libya continues to constitute a threat to
               international peace and security,
                    Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

               Prevention of Illicit Exports of Petroleum, including Crude Oil and Refined
               Petroleum Products
                     1.   Condemns attempts to illicitly export petroleum, including crude oil and
               refined petroleum products, from Libya, including by parallel institutions which are
               not acting under the authority of the Government of National Accord;
                    2.   Decides to extend until 15 November 2018 the authorizations provided
               by and the measures imposed by resolution 2146 (2014), and decides further that

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           the authorisations provided by and the measures imposed by that re solution shall
           apply with respect to vessels loading, transporting, or discharging petroleum,
           including crude oil and refined petroleum products, illicitly exported or attempted to
           be exported from Libya;
                 3.    Welcomes the appointment by the Government of National Accord and
           notification to the Committee established pursuant to paragraph 24 of resolution
           1970 (2011) (the Committee) of a focal point responsible for communication with
           the Committee with respect to the measures in resolution 2146 (2014), requests the
           focal point to continue to inform the Committee of any vessels transporting
           petroleum, including crude oil and refined petroleum products, illici tly exported
           from Libya, and urges the Government of National Accord to provide regular
           updates to inform the Committee on ports, oil fields, and installations that are under
           its control, and to inform the Committee about the mechanism used to certify lega l
           exports of petroleum, including crude oil and refined petroleum products;
                 4.    Calls on the Government of National Accord, on the basis of any
           information regarding such exports or attempted exports, to expeditiously contact
           the concerned vessel’s flag State, in the first instance, to resolve the issue and
           directs the Committee to immediately inform all relevant Member States about
           notifications to the Committee from the Government of National Accord’s focal
           point regarding vessels transporting petroleum, including crude oil and refined
           petroleum products, illicitly exported from Libya;

           Effective Oversight of the Financial Institutions
               5.    Requests that the Government of National Accord confirm to the
           Committee as soon as it exercises sole and effective oversight over the National Oil
           Corporation, the Central Bank of Libya, and the Libyan Investment Authority;

           Arms Embargo
                 6.   Welcomes the appointment by the Government of National Accord of a
           focal point pursuant to paragraph 6 of resolution 2278, takes note of the briefing
           provided by the focal point to the Committee on the structure of the security forces
           under its control, the infrastructure in place to ensure the safe storage, registration,
           maintenance and distribution of military equipment by the Government security
           forces, and training needs, continues to emphasise the importance of the
           Government of National Accord exercising control over and safely storing arms,
           with the support of the international community, and stresses that ensuring security
           and defending Libya from terrorism must be the task of unified and strengthened
           national security forces under the sole authority of the Government of National
           Accord within the framework of the Libyan Political Agreement;
                7.    Affirms that the Government of National Accord may submit requests
           under paragraph 8 of resolution 2174 (2014) for the supply, sale or transfer of arms
           and related materiel, including related ammunition and spare parts, for the use by
           security forces under its control to combat the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant
           (ISIL, also known as Da’esh), groups that have pledged allegiance to ISIL, Ansar
           Al Sharia, and other groups associated with Al -Qaida operating in Libya, calls upon
           the Committee to consider expeditiously such requests, and affirms the Security
           Council’s readiness to consider reviewing the arms embargo, when appropriate;
                 8.   Urges Member States to assist the Government of National Accord, upon
           its request, by providing it with the necessary security and capacity-building
           assistance, in response to threats to Libyan security and in defeating ISIL, groups
           that have pledged allegiance to ISIL, Ansar Al Sharia, and other groups associated
           with Al-Qaida operating in Libya;

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                     9.    Urges the Government of National Accord to improve further the
               monitoring and control of arms or related materiel that are supplied, sold or
               transferred to Libya in accordance with paragraph 9 (c) of resolution 1970 (2011) or
               paragraph 8 of resolution 2174 (2014), including through the use of end user
               certificates issued by the Government of National Accord, requests the Panel of
               Experts established by paragraph 24 of resolution 1973 (2011) to consult with the
               Government of National Accord about the safeguards needed to safely procure and
               secure arms and related materiel, and urges Member States and regional
               organizations to provide assistance to the Government of National Accord upon its
               request to strengthen the infrastructure and mechanisms currently in place to do so;
                    10. Calls upon the Government of National Accord to improve the
               implementation of the arms embargo, including at all entry points, as soon as it
               exercises oversight, and calls upon all Member States to cooperate in such efforts;

               Travel Ban and Asset Freeze
                    11. Reaffirms that the travel ban and asset freeze measures specified in
               paragraphs 15, 16, 17, 19, 20 and 21 of resolution 1970 (2011), as modified by
               paragraphs 14, 15 and 16 of resolution 2009 (2011) and paragraph 11 of resolution
               2213 (2015), apply to individuals and entities designated under that resolution and
               under resolution 1973 (2011) and by the Committee established pursuant to
               paragraph 24 of resolution 1970 (2011), and reaffirms that these measures also
               apply to individuals and entities determined by the Committee to be engaging in or
               providing support for other acts that threaten the peace, stability or security of
               Libya, or obstruct or undermine the successful completion of its political transition,
               and decides that, in addition to the acts listed in paragraph 11 (a) -(f) of resolution
               2213 (2015), such acts may also include but are not limited to planning, directing,
               sponsoring, or participating in attacks against United Nations personnel, including
               members of the Panel of Experts established by paragraph 24 of resolution 1973
               (2011) and modified by resolutions 2040 (2012), 2146 (2014), 2174 (2014), 2213
               (2015) and this resolution (the Panel);
                    12. Reaffirms its intention to ensure that assets frozen pursuant to paragraph
               17 of resolution 1970 (2011) shall at a later stage be made available to and for the
               benefit of the Libyan people and taking note of the letter circulated as document
               S/2016/275, affirms the Security Council’s readiness to consider changes, when
               appropriate, to the asset freeze at the request of the Government of National Accord;

               Panel of Experts
                     13. Decides to extend until 15 November 2018 the mandate of the Panel of
               Experts (the Panel), established by paragraph 24 of resolution 1973 (2011) and
               modified by resolutions 2040 (2012), 2146 (2014), 2174 (2014), and 2213 (2015)
               and decides that the Panel’s mandated tasks shall remain as defined in resolution
               2213 (2015) and shall also apply with respect to the Measures updated in this
               resolution;
                    14. Decides that the Panel shall provide to the Council an interim report on
               its work no later than 28 February 2018, and a final report to the Council, after
               discussion with the Committee, no later than 15 September 2018 with its findings
               and recommendations;
                     15. Urges all States, relevant United Nations bodies, including UNSMIL,
               and other interested parties, to cooperate fully with the Committee and the Panel, in
               particular by supplying any information at their disposal on the implementation of
               the Measures decided in resolutions 1970 (2011), 1973 (2011), 2146 (2014) and
               2174 (2014), and modified in resolutions 2009 (2011), 2040 (2012), 2095 (2013),

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           2144 (2014), 2213 (2015), 2278 (2016), 2292 (2016), 2357 (2017) and in this
           resolution, in particular incidents of non-compliance, and calls on UNSMIL and the
           Government of National Accord to support Panel investigatory work inside Libya,
           including by sharing information, facilitating transit and granting access to weapons
           storage facilities, as appropriate;
                16. Calls upon all parties and all States to ensure the safety of the Panel’s
           members, and further calls upon all parties and all States, including Libya and
           countries of the region, to provide unhindered and immediate access, in particular to
           persons, documents and sites the Panel deems relevant to the execution of its
           mandate;
                  17. Affirms its readiness to review the appropriateness of the Measures
           contained in this resolution, including the strengthening, modification, suspension
           or lifting of the Measures, and its readiness to review the mandate of UNSMIL and
           the Panel, as may be needed at any time in light of developments in Libya;
                18.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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Security Council resolution 2362 (2017) [on extension of the authorizations provided by and the measures imposed by Security Council resolution 2146 (2014) and on extension of the mandate of the Panel of Experts concerning Libya until 15 Nov. 2017]

UN. Panel of Experts Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 1973 (2011)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|SANCTIONS|PETROLEUM|EXPORT RESTRAINTS|LIBYA|ILLICIT TRAFFIC|FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS|INTERNAL OVERSIGHT|ARMS EMBARGO|FROZEN ASSETS