               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/2147 (2014)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                28 March 2014

               Resolution 2147 (2014)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7150th meeting, on
               28 March 2014

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions and the statements of its President
               concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), e specially its resolutions
               2136 (2014), 2098 (2013), 2078 (2012), 2076 (2012) and 2053 (2012),
                    Recalling its resolution 2086 (2013) and reaffirming the basic principles of
               peacekeeping, including consent of the parties, impartiality, and non-use of force,
               except in self-defence and defence of the mandate, and recognizing that the mandate
               of each peacekeeping mission is specific to the need and situation of the country
               concerned,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of the DRC as well as all States in the region and emphasizing
               the need to respect fully the principles of non-interference, good-neighbourliness
               and regional cooperation,
                    Stressing the primary responsibility of the government of DRC for ensuring
               security in its territory and protecting its civilians with respect to the rule of law,
               human rights and international humanitarian law,
                     Noting that eastern DRC has continued to suffer from recurring cycles of
               conflict and persistent violence by armed groups, both Congolese and foreign, and
               emphasizing the need to address the root causes of conflict to put an end to these
               recurring cycles of violence,
                     Welcoming the efforts of the Secretary-General of the United Nations, the
               International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR), the Southern African
               Development Community (SADC), and the African Union (AU) to restore peace and
               security in eastern DRC, and encouraging the government of the DRC to continue to
               ensure close cooperation with these and other international parties,
                     Recalling the signing in Addis Ababa on 24 February 2013 of the Peace,
               Security and Cooperation Framework for the Democratic Republic of the Congo and
               the region (“the PSC Framework”), under the auspices of its guarantors, namely the
               Secretary-General of the United Nations, the Chairperson of the AU Commission,
               the Chairperson of the SADC and Chairperson of the ICGLR, and calling on all

14-28213 (E)
*1428213*

S/RES/2147 (2014)

               parties to continue to implement promptly, fully and in good faith their respective
               commitments,
                     Welcoming the Regional Oversight Mechanism’s calling for a broader political
               dialogue in its January 2014 communique, and the initial dialogue between key
               signatories states initiated by Angola in its role as Chair of the ICGLR, encouraging
               the continuation of such dialogue under the auspices of the PSC Framework to
               resolve the root causes of conflict in the DRC and the Great Lakes region, and
               welcoming the continued engagement of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General
               for the Great Lakes region,
                    Reaffirming its strongest support to the Special Representative of the
               Secretary-General (SRSG) and the United Nations Organization Stabilization
               Mission in the DRC (MONUSCO) in the impleme ntation of their mandate, and
               strongly encouraging the continuation of their efforts,
                     Reiterating its deep concern regarding the security and humanitarian crisis in
               eastern DRC due to ongoing destabilizing activities of foreign and domestic armed
               groups, and stressing the importance of neutralizing all armed groups, including the
               Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), the Allied Democratic
               Forces (ADF), the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), the Bakata-Katanga and various
               Mayi Mayi groups,
                     Welcoming the end of the rebellion by the 23 March Movement (M23) and the
               signing in Nairobi by the M23, the Government of DRC, the SADC and the ICGLR
               of the documents concluding the Kampala Dialogue facilitated by Uganda as chair
               of the ICGLR, stressing the importance of ensuring that all provisions of the signed
               documents are implemented swiftly and in good faith and, in this regard, that the
               M23 does not regroup and resume military activities, in line with the Nairobi
               declarations and relevant Security Council resolutions,
                     Expressing deep concern regarding the sustained regional threat posed by the
               FDLR, a group under UN sanctions whose leaders and members include perpetrators
               of the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, during which Hutu and others
               who opposed the genocide were also killed, and have continued to promote and
               commit ethnically-based and other killings in Rwanda and the DRC, and stressing
               the importance of permanently addressing this threat,
                     Expressing concern that the FDLR, as well as other armed groups, continue to
               have freedom of movement in the DRC, noting with deep concern reports indicating
               FARDC collaboration with the FDLR at a local level and welcoming in this regard
               the plans by the FARDC, supported by MONUSCO, to neutralize the FDLR, and
               stressing the need to put such plans into sustained action,
                     Recalling the Security Council’s Presidential Statements on the Central
               African Region and the LRA, including S/PRST/2013/18 and S/PRST/2013/6,
               commending the important ongoing efforts being undertaken by MONUSCO in the
               fight against the LRA, encouraging further efforts of the AU-Regional task force,
               and urging greater cooperation and information-sharing between relevant UN
               bodies, the AU-Regional Task Force regional forces and non-governmental
               organisations in tackling the threat of the LRA,
                     Expressing deep concern regarding the increasing number of internally
               displaced persons in the DRC, now reaching more than 2.9 million, and the over

2/14                                                                                14-28213

                                                                                S/RES/2147 (2014)

           450,000 refugees from eastern DRC caused by the various Congolese and foreign
           armed groups active in the region, calling upon the DRC and all States in the region
           to work towards the peaceful environment conducive to the eventual voluntary
           return and reintegration of refugees to the DRC, with the support, as appropriate, of
           the UNHCR, commending in this regard the support provided by neighbouring
           countries to refugees from the DRC and encouraging the Rwandan and the Ugandan
           Governments, United Nations and international organizations to work together to
           urgently address the situation of former M23 combatants in Uganda and Rwanda,
                 Noting that it has been more than a year that hundreds of M23 combatants,
           including individuals designated by the Security Council, fled from the DRC into
           Rwanda on 18 March 2013, encouraging the Government of Rwanda, with the
           assistance of relevant UN and international organizations, to continue to ensure that
           these combatants are permanently demobilized and are dealt with according to
           relevant international law including special attention to children and women among
           them, and recalling the Member States’ obligations, as renewed by resolution 2136
           (2014),
                Calling upon all parties in the conflict to respect the impartiality,
           independence and neutrality of humanitarian actors,
                 Remaining greatly concerned by the humanitarian situation that continues to
           severely affect the civilian population, in particular in eastern DRC, and the
           persistent high levels of violence and violations and abuses of human rights and
           violations of international law, condemning in particular those involving the targeted
           attacks against civilians, widespread sexual and gender-based violence, systematic
           recruitment and use of children by certain parties to the conflict, the displacement of
           significant numbers of civilians, extrajudicial executions and arbitrary arrests and
           recognizing their deleterious effect on the stabilization, reconstruction and
           development efforts in the DRC,
                 Recalling its resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009),
           1960 (2010), 2106 (2013) and 2122 (2013) on women, peace and security, its
           resolutions 1265 (1999), 1296 (2000), 1674 (2006), 1738 (2006) and 1894 (2009) on
           the protection of civilians in armed conflict, and its resolutions 1612 (2005), 1882
           (2009), 1998 (2011), 2068 (2012) and 2143 (2014) on children and armed conflict,
                 Welcoming the efforts of MONUSCO and international partners in delivering
           training in human rights, child protection and protection from sexual and gender -
           based violence for Congolese security institutions and underlining its importance,
           and welcoming the establishment of the Women’s Platform for the PSC Framework
           in an effort to ensure the full participation of women in the PSC Framework peace
           process,
                 Noting the ongoing efforts made by the Government of the DRC to combat
           sexual violence in conflict including through the implementation of its National
           Strategy and the commitments outlined in the Joint Communiqué between the
           Government of the DRC and the United Nations on the Fight Against Sexual
           Violence in Conflict adopted in Kinshasa on 30 March 2013, and strongly
           encouraging the Government of DRC to increase its efforts in this regard,
                Acknowledging the adoption of the Framework of Cooperation between the
           United Nations Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on
           Sexual Violence in Conflict and the African Union Commission Concerning the

14-28213                                                                                3/14

S/RES/2147 (2014)

               Prevention and Response to Conflict-related Sexual Violence in Africa adopted in
               Addis Ababa on 31 January 2014,
                      Taking note of the report of the Secretary-General S/2014/181 which includes
               a list of parties responsible for patterns of rape and other forms of sexual violence in
               situations of armed conflict,
                     Condemning the mass rapes in Minova and the surrounding villages in
               November 2012 reportedly committed by soldiers of the Armed forces of the DRC
               (FARDC), taking note of the investigations and arrests undertaken thereafter by the
               Congolese authorities and the initial trials that are underway, expressing concern at
               the delays in the trials of those indicted, and urging the Congolese authorities to
               hold the perpetrators accountable while ensuring all investigations and trials respect
               due process,
                    Calling for all those responsible for violations of international humanitarian
               law or violations and abuses of human rights, as applicable, including those
               involving violence or abuses against children and acts of sexual and gender-based
               violence, to be swiftly apprehended, brought to justice and held accountable,
                     Stressing the need for cooperation with the International Criminal Court (ICC)
               by the Government of the DRC, welcoming the commitment made by the
               Government of the DRC to hold accountable those responsible for serious crimes, i n
               particular war crimes and crimes against humanity, in the country, and stressing the
               importance of actively seeking to hold accountable those responsible for war crimes
               and crimes against humanity in the country and of regional and international
               cooperation to this end,
                     Recalling the Secretary-General’s call to the Council to reject any endorsement
               of amnesty for genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity or gross violations of
               human rights and international humanitarian law, and welcoming in this regard the
               promulgation of the Amnesty law in DRC, excluding those who have committed
               genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity or gross violations of human rights
               and international humanitarian law, and urging the government of DRC to follow
               through by undertaking the necessary judicial reform to ensure that the DRC
               effectively addresses impunity,
                     Urging the Government of the DRC to remain fully committed to the
               implementation of the PSC Framework, including through the adoption of a priority
               action plan, and to protecting the civilian population through the swift establishment
               of professional, accountable and sustainable security forces, the deployment of an
               accountable Congolese civil administration, in particular the police, judiciary, prison
               and territorial administration and the consolidation of rule of law and promotion and
               protection of human rights,
                    Urging the Government of the DRC to take immediate steps to uphold its
               commitment to security sector reform, including the creation and support of a R apid
               Reaction Force, the development of a roadmap for the security and justice sectors,
               the development of a comprehensive Disarmament, Demobilization and
               Reintegration (DDR) and Disarmament, Demobilization, Repatriation, Resettlement
               and Reintegration (DDRRR) plan, noting in this regard that the Government has
               proposed a new DDR plan, all of which will require the allocation of necessary
               resources and a continued commitment from the Government to prioritize reform,
               and regretting that progress has been slow up to date,

4/14                                                                                14-28213

                                                                                S/RES/2147 (2014)

                 Reiterating its call on all parties to cooperate fully with MONUSCO, and its
           condemnation of any and all attacks against peacekeepers, emphasizing that those
           responsible for such attacks must be held accountable, and recalling its decision to
           extend sanctions measures outlined in paragraph 3 of the resolution 2136 (2014) to
           individuals and entities who plan, direct, sponsor or participate in attacks against
           MONUSCO peacekeepers,
                Reiterating its call upon the Secretary-General to take all measures deemed
           necessary to strengthen UN field security arrangements and improve the safety and
           security of all military contingents, police officers, military observers, and
           especially unarmed observers,
                 Recognizing the significant sacrifices made by MONUSCO, commending the
           active steps taken by MONUSCO, including its Intervention Brigade acting with the
           support of and in cooperation with MONUSCO’s wider Force structure, to
           implement fully its mandate, in particular the protection of civilians, and
           encouraging the continuation of these efforts by the Mission,
                 Affirming that the successful protection of civilians is critical to the fulfilment
           of MONUSCO’s mandate and the delivery of an improved security environment, in
           this regard, recognizing that MONUSCO has successfully deterred attacks on
           civilians through its approach to protection of civilians and welcoming the efforts
           made by the mission to adapt the Force in order to enhance the delivery of the
           mission’s comprehensive protection of civilians strategy, including by becoming
           more flexible, versatile, and widely deployable across the whole of eastern DRC,
                Underlining the importance of MONUSCO deterring any threats to the
           implementation of its mandate,
                 Recognizing the contribution of MONUSCO to a comprehensive strategy for
           durable peace and security, noting with appreciation the contribution that
           MONUSCO makes to early peacebuilding and emphasizing that MONUSCO’s
           activities should be conducted in a manner so as to facilitate post-conflict
           peacebuilding, prevention of relapse into armed conflict and progress towards
           sustainable peace and development,
                Stressing the importance of the full and urgent implementation of the PSC
           Framework to permanently reducing threats against civilians, noting the need for
           MONUSCO to strengthen support to the government of the DRC to enable it to
           address security challenges and extend state authority of the government of DRC as
           expressed in paragraph 5 of the PSC Framework, and recognizing the need for a
           comprehensive peace process to put an end to the sources of conflict in the region,
                 Determining that the situation in the DRC continues to constitute a threat to
           international peace and security in the region,
                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

           MONUSCO’s mandate
                 1.   Decides to extend the mandate of MONUSCO in the DRC, including, on
           an exceptional basis and without creating a precedent or any prejudice to the agreed
           principles of peacekeeping, its Intervention Brigade, within the authorized troop
           ceiling of 19,815 military personnel, 760 military observers and staff officers, 391
           police personnel, 1,050 personnel of formed police units, until 31 March 2015;

14-28213                                                                                5/14

S/RES/2147 (2014)

                     2.    Commends MONUSCO, including its Intervention Brigade, for the
               positive impact on peace and stability in eastern DRC and on the protection of
               civilians, fully supports the actions undertaken by the SRSG in the implementation
               of the mission’s mandate, and encourages MONUSCO to maximise Force
               interoperability, flexibility and effectiveness in the implementation of the entirety of
               MONUSCO’s mandate, in line with the Secretary-General’s report (S/2014/157),
               bearing in mind the safety and security of all military contingents, police officers,
               military observers, and especially unarmed observers;
                     3.   Notes the need for a clear exit strategy, including for the Intervention
               brigade, and decides that future reconfigurations of MONUSCO and its mandate
               should be determined on the basis of the evolution of the situation on the ground
               and, in the context of implementation by the Government of the DRC and all other
               signatories of the PSC Framework, progress towards the following objectives, in
               line with the three priorities of Protection of civilians, stabilisation and support to
               the implementation of the PSC framework, as set out in the mission concept:
                    (a) Reduction of the threat posed by Congolese and foreign armed groups,
               violence against civilians, including sexual and gender-based violence and violence
               against children to a level that can be effectively managed by the Congolese justice
               and security institutions;
                     (b) Stabilization through the establishment of functional, professional, and
               accountable state institutions, including security institutions, in conflict -affected
               areas, and through strengthened democratic practices that reduces the risk of
               instability, including adequate political space, promotion and protection of human
               rights and a credible electoral process;
                    4.   Authorizes MONUSCO, in pursuit of the objectives described in
               paragraph 3 above, to take all necessary measures to perform the following tasks;

         (a)   Protection of civilians
                    (i) Ensure, within its area of operations, effective protection of civilians
                    under threat of physical violence, including through active patrolling, paying
                    particular attention to civilians gathered in displaced and refugee camps,
                    humanitarian personnel and human rights defenders, in the context of violence
                    emerging from any of the parties engaged in the conflict, and mitigate the risk
                    to civilians before, during and after any military operation;
                    (ii) Ensure the protection of United Nations personnel, facilities, installations
                    and equipment and the security and freedom of movement of United Nations
                    and associated personnel;
                    (iii) Work with the Government of the DRC to identify threats to civilians and
                    implement existing prevention and response plans and strengthen civil -military
                    cooperation, including joint-planning, to ensure the protection of civilians
                    from abuses and violations of human rights and violations of international
                    humanitarian law, including all forms of sexual and gender-based violence and
                    violations and abuses committed against children, and requests MONUSCO to
                    ensure that child protection and gender concerns are integrated into all
                    operations and strategic aspects of MONUSCO’s work and accelerate the
                    implementation of monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements on
                    conflict-related sexual violence and the swift deployment of Women Protection

6/14                                                                                14-28213

                                                                                S/RES/2147 (2014)

                      Advisers as called for in resolution 1960 (2010) and 2106 (2013), in order to
                      seek commitments on the prevention and response to conflict-related sexual
                      violence;

           (b)   Neutralizing armed groups through the Intervention brigade
                      In support of the authorities of the DRC, on the basis of information collation
                      and analysis, and taking full account of the need to protect civilians and
                      mitigate risk before, during and after any military operation, carry out targeted
                      offensive operations through the Intervention Brigade, either unilaterally or
                      jointly with the FARDC, in a robust, highly mobile and versatile manner a nd
                      in strict compliance with international law, including international
                      humanitarian law and with the human rights due diligence policy on UN -
                      support to non-UN forces (HRDDP), in cooperation with the whole of
                      MONUSCO, prevent the expansion of all armed groups, neutralize these
                      groups, and disarm them in order to contribute to the objective of reducing the
                      threat posed by armed groups to state authority and civilian security in eastern
                      DRC and to make space for stabilization activities;

           (c)   Monitoring the implementation of the arms embargo
                      Monitor the implementation of the arms embargo as described in paragraph 1
                      of resolution 2136 (2014) in cooperation with the Group of Experts established
                      by resolution 1533 (2004), and in particular observe and report on flows of
                      military personnel, arms or related materiel across the eastern border of the
                      DRC, including by using, as specified in the letter of the Coun cil from
                      22 January 2013 (S/2013/44), surveillance capabilities provided by unmanned
                      aerial systems, seize, collect and dispose of arms or related materials brought
                      into the DRC in violation of the measures imposed by paragraph 1 of
                      resolution 2136 (2014), and share relevant information with the Group of
                      Experts;

           (d)   Provision of support to national and international judicial processes
                      Support and work with the Government of the DRC to arrest and bring to
                      justice those responsible for war crimes and crimes against humanity in the
                      country, including through cooperation with States of the region and the ICC;
                       5.   Authorizes MONUSCO, in support of the Congolese authorities and their
                 efforts to deliver the reforms called by the PSC Framework and stabilisation in
                 eastern DRC, to contribute to the following tasks, in coordination with the UNCT
                 and other actors, including through the SRSG ’s good offices;
                      (a) Encourage and accelerate national ownership of Security Sector Reform
                 (SSR) by the DRC authorities, including through the urgent finalisation and
                 implementation of a national strategy for the establishment of effective, inclusive
                 and accountable security and justice institutions by the DRC and play a leading role
                 in coordinating the support for SSR provided by international and bilateral partners
                 and the UN system;
                      (b) Promote peace consolidation and inclusive and transparent political
                 dialogue among all Congolese stakeholders with a view to furthering reconciliation

14-28213                                                                                7/14

S/RES/2147 (2014)

               and democratization and encourage the organization of credible and transparent
               elections in line with the electoral cycle and the constitution;
                     (c) Encourage the consolidation of an effective national civilian structure to
               control key mining activities and to manage in an equitable manner the extraction
               and trade of natural resources in eastern DRC;
                     (d) Monitor, report and follow-up on human rights violations and abuses,
               including in the context of elections, and support the UN system in-country to
               ensure that any support provided by the United Nations shall be consistent with
               international humanitarian law and human rights law and refugee law as applicable;
                    (e) Provide good offices, advice and support to the Government of the DRC
               to enable the development and finalisation of a clear and comprehensive SSR
               implementation roadmap including benchmarks and timelines to establish effective
               and accountable security institutions, including vetting mechan isms;
                     (f) Provide good offices, advice and support to the Government of the DRC,
               in compliance with the HRDDP, for a reform of the army, including, as a first step,
               the establishment of a vetted, well-trained and adequately equipped “Rapid Reaction
               Force” within the FARDC which should form the nucleus for a professional,
               accountable, well-sustained and effective national defence force, and support, when
               appropriate and in coordination with international partners, the training of the
               “Rapid Reaction Force” which should, in the frame of the benchmarks and timelines
               set by the SSR roadmap, develop the capacity to assume as soon as possible security
               responsibilities from the Intervention Brigade of MONUSCO;
                     (g) Provide good offices, advice and support to the Government of the DRC
               for the design and implementation of DDR and DDRRR plans for foreign and
               Congolese combatants not suspected of genocide, war crimes, crimes against
               humanity or gross violations of human rights, aimed at integration into a peaceful
               civilian life contributing to stable communities in eastern DRC, while paying
               specific attention to the needs of children formerly associated with armed forces and
               groups;
                     (h) Provide good offices, advice and support to the Government of the DRC,
               in close cooperation with other international partners, to build on the Government ’s
               STAREC and revised ISSSS to support the establishment of a minimum level of
               sustainable state authority and control in conflict-affected areas in eastern DRC,
               including through area-based efforts to improve security, state authority and enable
               the commencement of sustainable socio-economic recovery;
                     (i) Provide good offices, advice and support to the Government of the DRC
               for the reform of the police, including by contributing, in compliance with the
               HRDDP, to the provision of training to battalions of the Congolese National Police
               (PNC);
                     (j) Provide good offices, advice and support to the Government of the DRC
               for the development and the implementation, in accordance with the Congole se
               strategy for justice reform, of a multi-year joint United Nations justice support
               programme in order to develop independent criminal justice institutions and
               processes, the police, the judiciary and prisons in conflict -affected areas;
                   (k) Provide good offices, advice and support to the Government of the DRC
               to promote human rights and to fight impunity, including through the

8/14                                                                                14-28213

                                                                                S/RES/2147 (2014)

           implementation of the Government’s “zero tolerance policy” with respect to
           discipline and human rights and international humanitarian law violations,
           committed by elements of the security sector;
                 (l) Continue to collaborate with the Government of the DRC in the swift and
           vigorous implementation of the action plan to prevent and end the recruitment and
           use of children and sexual violence against children by FARDC, and continue
           dialogue with all listed parties to obtain further commitments and work towards the
           development and implementation of time bound action plans to prevent and end the
           recruitment and use of children in violation of applicable international law and other
           violations of international humanitarian law;
                6.    Reiterates   that   multi-dimensional     peacekeeping requires  a
           comprehensive approach, and requests MONUSCO’s military and civilian
           components to focus on a coherent division of labour in accordance with their
           respective comparative advantages and available capacities;
                 7.    Stresses that integrated action on the ground by security and development
           actors requires coordination with national authorities in order to stabilize and
           improve the security situation and assist in restoration of State authority, and
           underlines the importance of integrated efforts among all United Nations entities in
           the field to promote coherence in the United Nations’ work in conflict and postconflict situations

           Transfer of Responsibilities
                 8.    Requests that the Secretary-General continue to report on the current
           division of labour between MONUSCO and the UNCT on tasks shared by the
           Mission, the UNCT and the Government of the DRC and on the roa dmap on the
           transfer of responsibilities to other actors, primarily the government of DRC, but
           also the UNCT and donors, in order to streamline the tasks assigned to MONUSCO,
           and expresses its intention to keep the mandate of MONUSCO under review on the
           basis of this reporting;
                9.   Calls upon MONUSCO to continue to work with the UNCT and the
           Congolese authorities towards the adoption and implementation of the Peace
           Consolidation Programme covering provinces not affected by the conflict, and
           requests MONUSCO, where appropriate, to continue transferring tasks to the UNCT
           and the Congolese authorities in those provinces;
                 10. Urges the international community and donors to support MONUSCO
           and the UNCT and calls upon the Government of the DRC and neighbouring States
           to remain engaged in the process of transfer of responsibilities;

           Elections
                 11. Calls on the Government of the DRC and its national partners to ensure a
           transparent and credible electoral process, in fulfilment of their primary
           responsibility to create propitious conditions for the forthcoming elections, and
           urges the Government as well as all relevant parties to ensure an environment
           conducive to a free, fair, credible, inclusive, transparent, peaceful and timely
           electoral process, which includes free and constructive political debate, freedom of
           expression, freedom of assembly, equitable access to media including State media,
           safety and freedom of movement for all candidates, as well as for election observers

14-28213                                                                                9/14

S/RES/2147 (2014)

               and witnesses, journalists, human rights defenders and actors from civil society
               including women;
                     12. Calls on the Government of the DRC to adopt without delay the electoral
               cycle roadmap and budget, and, upon notification to the Security Council by the
               Secretary-General of their adoption, authorizes MONUSCO to provide logistical
               support, as appropriate and in coordination with Congolese authorities and the
               UNCT, to facilitate the electoral cycle, and decides that this support will be
               continually assessed and reviewed according to the progr ess made by the Congolese
               authorities in the steering of the electoral process, in accordance with the criteria set
               out in paragraph 16 of resolution 2053 (2012);

               PSC Framework
                    13. Reiterates the importance of implementing the PSC Framework to the
               achievement of long term stability of eastern DRC and the region;
                   14. Urges all signatory States of the PSC Framework to continue to fully and
               promptly implement their commitments in good faith;
                     15. Calls on the government of DRC, which has the primary responsibility
               for safeguarding its sovereignty and territorial integrity, to make further meaningful
               progress in implementing its commitments under the PSC Framework, as well as the
               other signatories of the PSC Framework;
                     16. Calls on the Special Envoy for the Great Lakes Region, in coordination
               with and with the appropriate support from the Special Representative for the DRC,
               to continue to lead, coordinate and assess the implementation of the national and
               regional commitments under the PSC framework and, building on the PSC
               Framework, to encourage a high level regional political dialogue between key
               signatories to address the underlying root causes of the conflict, noting the initial
               dialogue between key signatories already underway under the leadership of Angola
               as Chair of the ICGLR and encouraging the Special Envoy to continue to engage
               with this process;

               Armed Groups
                     17. Strongly condemns all armed groups operating in the region and their
               violations of international humanitarian law as well as other applicable international
               law, and abuses of human rights including attacks on the civilian population,
               MONUSCO peacekeepers and humanitarian actors, summary executions, sexual and
               gender based violence and large scale recruitment and use of children, and reiterates
               that those responsible will be held accountable;
                    18. Demands that the FDLR, the ADF, the LRA, the Bakata-Katanga and
               various Mayi Mayi groups cease immediately all forms of violence and other
               destabilizing activities and that their members immediately and permanently
               disband, lay down their arms and demobilize children from their ranks;
                    19. Expressing concern that the FDLR, as well as other armed groups,
               continue to have freedom of movement in the DRC, noting with deep concern
               reports indicating FARDC collaboration with the FDLR at a local level and
               welcoming in this regard the plans by the FARDC, supported by MONUSCO, to
               neutralize the FDLR, and stressing the need to put such plans into sustained action;

10/14                                                                                14-28213

                                                                                S/RES/2147 (2014)

                 20. Demands that the Government of the DRC, per its commitments in the
           Nairobi Declarations of 12 December 2013, take immediate steps to implement its
           DDR programme, in coordination with the United Nations, international
           organizations and neighbouring countries where former M23 combatants have found
           refuge, requests, in this respect, and in accordance with the Nairobi declarations and
           in line with commitments under the PSC Framework agreement, the United Nations
           and international organizations to work together with neighbouring states to
           urgently address the situation of former M23 combatants located in their territories,
           and stresses the importance of ensuring that all provisions of the signed documents
           are implemented swiftly and in good faith and, in this regard, that the M23 does not
           regroup and resume military activities, in line with the Nairobi declarations and
           relevant Security Council resolutions;
                 21. Calls on the government of the DRC to urgently put in place and
           implement comprehensive DDR and DDRRR Plans to be able to effectively deal
           with former combatants;
                 22. Notes that former M23 combatants, including individuals designated by
           the Security Council, fled from the DRC into Rwanda and Uganda, especially
           following the defeat of M23 in DRC, encourages the Governments of Rwanda and
           Uganda, with the assistance of the United Nations and relevant international
           organizations, to continue to ensure that these combatants are permanently
           demobilized, that Congolese combatants are returned to the DRC to complete a
           DDR process, as appropriate, and are dealt with according to relevant international
           law, with special attention to children and women among them, and recalls Member
           States’ obligations under the PSC Framework and the sanctions regim e as renewed
           by resolution 2136 (2014);
                 23. Reiterates its support to the Expanded Joint Verification Mechanism
           (EJVM) as a regional confidence-building mechanism, and welcomes the decision of
           the ICGLR to grant permanent representation of MONUSCO in this mechanism;

           Human Rights/Humanitarian
                24. Urges the Government of the DRC to arrest and hold accountable those
           responsible for war crimes and crimes against humanity in the country, and stresses
           the importance to this end of both regional cooperation and cooperation with the
           ICC;
                25. Calls upon the Congolese authorities to ensure the prosecution of those
           responsible for the grave human rights violations and abuses committed in the
           context of the 28 November 2011 elections;
                26. Encourages the Government of the DRC to continue to build on its
           cooperation with the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children
           and Armed Conflicts and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on
           Sexual Violence in Conflict and to vigorously implement, with the support of
           MONUSCO as appropriate, the action plan to prevent and end the recruitment and
           use of children and sexual violence by the FARDC, and encourages President
           Kabila to swiftly appoint the proposed Presidential Adviser on Sexual Violence and
           the Recruitment of Children;
                27. Requests MONUSCO to take fully into account gender considerations as
           a cross cutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the Government of the

14-28213                                                                                11/14

S/RES/2147 (2014)

               DRC in ensuring the participation, involvement and representation of women at all
               levels, including in stabilization activities, security sector reform and disarmament,
               demobilization and reintegration processes, as well as in the national political
               dialogue and electoral processes, through, inter alia, the provision of gender
               advisers, and further requests enhanced reporting by MONUSCO to the Council on
               this issue;
                     28. Requests MONUSCO to take fully into account child protection as a
               cross cutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the Government of the DRC
               in ensuring that the protection of children’s rights is taken into account, inter alia, in
               DDR processes and in security sector reform in order to end and prevent violations
               and abuses against children;
                     29. Calls upon all actors to strengthen their efforts to combat impunity for
               conflict-related sexual violence, to provide all necessary services to survivors, and
               to ensure the equal and full inclusion of women in the PSC Framework and at all
               stages of conflict resolution, reconstruction and the promotion of peace including
               through taking account of the call of the 11 July 2013 Bujumbura Declaration for
               ensuring that benchmarks, indicators and follow-up measures of the plan of
               implementation for the PSC Framework are gender-sensitive;

               MONUSCO
                     30. Calls on MONUSCO to coordinate strategies with other UN missions in
               the region for enhanced information-sharing in light of the attacks by the LRA, and
               reiterates support to the respective initiatives taken by the UN and the AU to
               facilitate regional action against the LRA, consistent with paragraph 4 (a);
                     31. Encourages MONUSCO to enhance its interaction with the civilian
               population to raise awareness and understanding about its mandate and activities
               through a comprehensive public outreach programme, to identify potential threats
               against the civilian population and to collect reliable information on violations of
               international humanitarian law and violations and abuses of human rights
               perpetrated against civilians;
                     32. Requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary measures to ensure
               full compliance of MONUSCO with the United Nations zero -tolerance policy on
               sexual exploitation and abuses and to keep the Council informed if cases of such
               conduct occur;
                     33. Requests MONUSCO to ensure that any support provided to national
               security forces is in strict compliance with the United Nations human rights due
               diligence policy, urges the United Nations system in DRC to adopt a join and
               uniform approach regarding HRDDP implementation;
                     34. Demands that all parties cooperate fully with the operations of
               MONUSCO and allow and facilitate the full, safe, immediate and unhindered access
               for United Nations and associated personnel in carrying out their mandate and the
               timely delivery of humanitarian assistance to populations in need, in particular to
               internally displaced persons, throughout the territory of the DRC, respecting the
               United Nations guiding principles of humanitarian assistance and relevant
               provisions of international law;

12/14                                                                                14-28213

                                                                                S/RES/2147 (2014)

                 35. Calls on all Member States to generously contribute to the UN
           humanitarian appeal for the DRC to help ensure that UN humanitarian agencies and
           other international organizations are fully funded and able to address the protection
           and assistance needs of internally displaced people, survivors of sexual violence,
           and other vulnerable communities;
                36. Calls on Member states to pledge and provide the remaining force
           enablers, in particular military air assets, required for the Mission, and reca lls the
           importance of close consultations with troop- and police-contributing countries;
                37. Notes that it is important that all MONUSCO contingents, including the
           contingents of the Intervention Brigade, are properly prepared and effectively
           equipped to be able to carry out their respective tasks;
                 38. Expresses its full support to the UN Group of Experts established by
           resolution 1533 (2004) and calls for enhanced cooperation between all States,
           particularly those in the region, MONUSCO and the Group of Experts, encourages
           all parties and all States to ensure cooperation with the Group of Experts by
           individuals and entities within their jurisdiction or under their control and reiterates
           its demand that all parties and all States ensure the safety of its members and its
           support staff, and unhindered and immediate access, in particular to persons,
           documents and sites the Group of Experts deems relevant to the execution of its
           mandate;

           Strategic Review
                 39. Requests that the Secretary-General conduct a thorough Strategic Review
           of MONUSCO and the wider UN presence in DRC in order to provide
           recommendations on MONUSCO’s future objectives, activities, exit strategy and
           effective deployment of resources, to the Security Council by 30 December 2014,
           bearing in mind the need to continue to increase the effectiveness of the mission;

           Reports by the Secretary-General
               40. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Council every three
           months on:
                (i) the situation on the ground, including sexual violence and the impact of
                conflict on women and children;
                (ii) progress made by the DRC in the implementation of its commitments
                under the PSC Framework, including through the establishment and
                implementation of a national security sector reform roadmap and the creation
                of a Congolese “Rapid Reaction Force”, and on the implementation of the
                DDR and DDRRR plans;
                (iii) the implementation by MONUSCO of its mandate, including the
                activities of the Intervention brigade, its reconfiguration to conduct the tasks
                set out above and the ongoing transfer of responsibilities to other actors;
                (iv) the risks and their implications for the safety and the security for the UN
                personnel and facilities as a result of the possible military operations as well as
                measures taken to strengthen their security and mitigate risks;

14-28213                                                                                13/14

S/RES/2147 (2014)

                    41. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Security Council every
               six months, in coordination with his Special Envoy for the Great Lakes region and
               his Special Representative for the DRC on the implementation of the commitments
               under the PSC Framework;
                    42.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

14/14                                                                                14-28213

Security Council resolution 2147 (2014) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) until 31 Mar. 2015]

Angola|Congo, The Democratic Republic of the|Congo|Rwanda|Uganda

Mouvement du 23 mars (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|Democratic Republic of the Congo. Forces armées|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|POLITICAL CONDITIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|ARMS EMBARGO|ELECTIONS|DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS

S/69 [104] UN ORGANIZATION STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
S/69 [102] DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SITUATION


               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/2148 (2014)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                3 April 2014

               Resolution 2148 (2014)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7152nd meeting, on
               3 April 2014

                    The Security Council,
                     Reaffirming all its previous resolutions and presidential statements concerning
               the situation in Sudan and underlining the importance of full compliance with these,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, unity, independence and
               territorial integrity of Sudan and its determination to work with the Government of
               Sudan, in full respect of its sovereignty, to assist in tackling the various challenges
               in Sudan,
                     Recalling the importance of the principles of the peaceful settlement of
               international disputes, good neighbourliness, non-interference and cooperation in
               the relations among States in the region,
                    Recalling its resolution 2086 (2013) and reaffirming the basic principles of
               peacekeeping, including consent of the parties, impartiality, and non -use of force,
               except in self-defence and defence of the mandate, and recognizing that the mandate
               of each peacekeeping mission is specific to the need and situation of the country
               concerned,
                     Commending the efforts of the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation
               in Darfur (UNAMID) towards promoting peace and stability in Darfur, and
               reiterating its full support for UNAMID,
                     Expressing deep concern at the considerable deterioration of the security
               situation in Darfur during 2013, with continued clashes between the Go vernment of
               Sudan and rebel armed groups and an intensification of inter-communal violence,
               including with the involvement of elements of paramilitary units and tribal militias,
               which has become the main source of violence against civilians and of populati on
               displacement,
                     Expressing concern at the prevalence of arms in Darfur and the continued
               threats to civilians posed by unexploded ordnance,
                    Expressing deep concern at the impact of deteriorating security on the civilian
               population, including the significant increase in population displacements in 2013,
               and the consequent increase in humanitarian and protection needs, including related
               to sexual and gender-based violence and violence against children; noting that

14-28954 (E)
*1428954*

S/RES/2148 (2014)

               humanitarian actors were able to reach the majority of people in need of
               humanitarian assistance in Darfur in 2013, with the notable exception of those
               vulnerable populations in areas of active fighting, including the East Jebel Marra
               region; in this regard, expressing particular concern at reports of an escalation of
               violence in Darfur since February 2014, resulting in the displacement of a large
               number of civilians, and at the denial of access for UNAMID and humanitarian
               actors to the affected areas by the Sudanese authorities; and further expressing
               concern over the insufficient availability of funding for humanitarian actors ,
                    Reiterating its strong condemnation of attacks against UNAMID, and its call
               on the Government of Sudan swiftly to investigate these attacks and to bring the
               perpetrators to justice, and on all parties in Darfur to cooperate fully with the
               Mission,
                    Reiterating that there can be no military solution to the conflict in Darfur, and
               that an inclusive political settlement is essential to re -establishing peace, and
               underscoring the importance of fully addressing the root causes of the conflict in the
               search for a sustainable peace, which should rapidly deliver real benefits for the
               Darfuri people, in this regard reiterating its support for the Doha Document for
               Peace in Darfur (DDPD) as a solid basis for the Darfur peace process, and for its
               accelerated implementation,
                     Noting in this regard that UNAMID’s ability to facilitate progress in
               implementation of the DDPD is hampered by delays by the signatory parties and the
               absence of an inclusive political settlement between the government and
               non-signatory movements, expressing concern that the humanitarian and security
               situation, as well as lack of capacity of the Darfur Regional Authority, hinder the
               transition from relief to stabilization and development activities, urging donors to
               honour their pledges and fulfil their obligations in a timely manner, including those
               commitments made at the conference in Doha in April 2013, and affirming that
               development can support a lasting peace in Darfur,
                     Commending the efforts of Joint Special Representative Mohamed ibn Chambas
               to revitalize the peace process, including through renewed engagement of the
               non-signatory movements, and urging all parties to the conflict to cease all acts of
               violence immediately, and to engage in the peace process without preconditions on
               the basis of the DDPD, in order to bring a durable and stable peace to the region,
                     Encouraging the Joint Special Representative to continue his efforts to
               increase the inclusiveness of the political process, guided by the Framework for AU
               and United Nations Facilitation of the Darfur Peace Process, and to coordinate with
               the African Union-High Level Implementation Panel (AU-HIP) and the United
               Nations Special Envoy for Sudan and South Sudan to synchronize their mediation
               efforts while taking into account ongoing transformation at the national level,
               welcoming in this regard the announcement by President Bashir on 27 January of a
               national dialogue, noting that the modalities of such a dialogue should provide an
               opportunity to address the legitimate grievances of the people of Darfur, looking
               forward to further developments towards the implementation of an inclusive
               dialogue process, and stressing the importance of the effective participation of
               women in this process, and in efforts towards peace in Darfur,
                    Noting that local dispute resolution mechanisms play an important role in
               preventing and resolving inter-communal conflict, including conflict over natural

2/5                                                                                14-28954

                                                                                S/RES/2148 (2014)

           resources, and urging an intensification of effective efforts to prevent local disputes
           leading to violence, with its corresponding impact on the local civilian populations,
           acknowledging the efforts of Sudanese authorities and local mediators to mediate in
           inter-tribal fighting, with support from UNAMID and the United Nations Country
           Team (UNCT), and urging their continued work,
                 Welcoming that, over the last year, cooperation between UNAMID and the
           Government of Sudan has resulted in improvements in mandate implementation ,
           including through the more timely issuance of visas, but expressing deep concern
           that continued access restrictions and delays in the issuance of customs clearances
           for contingent-owned equipment significantly undermine UNAMID’s effectiveness,
           and further expressing deep concern that the delivery of humanitarian assistance is
           constrained and delayed by particular restrictions facing humanitarian actors, and
           that insufficient cooperation by the Government, particularly in terms of access,
           seriously constrains the Mission’s ability to operate,
                 Expressing deep concern that shortfalls in the operational capabilities of some
           military and police components seriously constrain the force’s mobility,
           effectiveness and ability to deter and respond robustly to atta cks,
                Noting the need for effective coordination and integration structures within
           UNAMID, and between UNAMID and UNCT, and encouraging swift development
           and implementation of a clearer strategic vision, priorities and a strategic and
           operational planning system within UNAMID, as well as an improved early warning
           and response mechanism and coordination of protection of civilians activities with
           UNCT,
                Recalling the AU Peace and Security Council Communiqué of 24 March 2014,
                1.   Welcomes and endorses the Secretary-General’s Special Report of
           25 February 2014 (S/2014/138) on the review of the African Union-United Nations
           Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) and its recommendations, pursuant to
           Security Council resolution 2113 (2013);
                 2.   Takes note of the proposed adjustment of the benchmarks and indicators
           for UNAMID outlined in the Secretary-General’s report S/2014/138, and requests
           the Secretary-General to further refine these benchmarks and indicators to reflect
           the revised strategic priorities of the Mission, and submit them in his next 90 -day
           report;
                 3.   Stresses the important role of the AU in supporting implementation of the
           review of UNAMID; and welcomes the continued efforts of the Joint Support
           Coordination Mechanism, including in performing important coordination, support
           and liaison functions;
                 4.    Endorses UNAMID’s revised strategic priorities of: the protection of
           civilians, the facilitation of the delivery of humanitarian assistance and the safety
           and security of humanitarian personnel; mediation between the Government of
           Sudan and non-signatory armed movements on the basis of the DDPD, while taking
           into account ongoing democratic transformation at the national level; and support to
           the mediation of community conflict, including through measures to address its root
           causes, in conjunction with UNCT;
                 5.   Requests UNAMID to focus and streamline its activities, across its
           military, police and civilian components in order to achieve progress on these three

14-28954                                                                                3/5

S/RES/2148 (2014)

               strategic priorities, recognizes that their effective implementation will require
               certain Mission tasks to be deprioritized and requests the Secretary-General to
               include these tasks in his next regular report on UNAMID;
                     6.   Takes note of the Secretary-General’s intention to reduce UNAMID’s
               police component swiftly, in order to increase the effectiveness of that component,
               requests the Secretary-General to provide detailed and updated information on the
               implementation of this reduction in his next report, and stresses in this regard the
               importance of effective deployment, training and operational capabili ty of
               UNAMID’s police component;
                     7.   Notes that UNAMID faces three major challenges in the effective
               discharge of its mandate, in the light of the evolving political and security
               environment, namely: the cooperation and partnership of the Government of Sudan
               in mandate implementation; major shortfalls in severa l troop- and police-contingent
               operational capabilities; and the need for improved coordination and integration
               structures within UNAMID and between UNAMID and UNCT;
                    8.    Requests that UNAMID identify, in the context of these challenges, steps
               by which it will achieve its revised strategic priorities more effectively, and further
               requests the Secretary-General to report on these steps in his regular reports to the
               Council on UNAMID;
                     9.    Welcomes the planned efforts on the part of the United Nations and the
               relevant troop- and police-contributing countries to address shortfalls in the
               operational capabilities of some contingents, including enhanced engagement by the
               African Union and United Nations Secretariat with these countries, and encourages
               UNAMID to move to a more preventive and pre-emptive posture in pursuit of its
               priorities and in active defence of its mandate, building on positive steps taken so
               far, without prejudice to the agreed basic principles of peacekeeping;
                     10. Stresses the need to address gaps in the integrated strategic and
               operational architecture of UNAMID, calls on UNAMID and UNCT to put in place
               the full requirements of the United Nations Policy on Integrated Assessment and
               Planning, including the establishment of integrated mechanis ms for joint analysis,
               planning, coordination, monitoring, and decision-making, especially for joint
               operational planning for the military and police on protection of civilians; further
               calls on the Secretariat to assist the Mission in these tasks, and requests that the
               Secretary-General include steps taken in this regard in his next regular report to the
               Council on UNAMID;
                     11. Notes with concern the strategic gap in mobility for the mission, and the
               continuing critical need for aviation capacity and othe r mobility assets, including
               military utility helicopters for UNAMID, calls on Member States to redouble their
               efforts to provide aviation units to the mission, and on the Government of Sudan to
               facilitate the deployment of those assets already pledged, and requests the
               Secretary-General to include information on related force generation efforts in his
               regular reports, and on what other strategies can offset this critical military gap;
                     12. Urges all relevant actors to implement the review of UNAMID swiftly
               and fully, requests the Secretary-General to include in his next regular report to the
               Council on UNAMID specific information and operational recommendations as
               required on the cost efficiency and reduction of the Mission’s military, police and
               civilian components to maximize Mission effectiveness in the implementation of its

4/5                                                                                14-28954

                                                                                S/RES/2148 (2014)

           revised strategic priorities, and expresses its intention to make necessary
           adjustments accordingly;
                 13. Calls on all parties in Darfur to remove all obstacles to UNAMID’s full
           and proper discharge of its mandate, and calls on the Government of Sudan to
           comply with the Status of Forces Agreement fully and without delay, and to enhance
           its cooperation with UNAMID on the implementation of UNAMID’s mandate;
                14. Stresses the importance of effective monitoring and evaluation of
           UNAMID’s impact in order to improve its effectiveness and looks forward to
           considering progress in implementation of the review on the basis of the Secretary -
           General’s regular reports to the Council;
                 15. Looks forward to assessing the initial impact of implementation of the
           review before renewing UNAMID’s mandate in August 2014, and expresses its
           intention to ensure that UNAMID’s mandate reflects the revised strategic priorities
           set out in the Secretary-General’s Special Report;
                16.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.

14-28954                                                                                5/5

Security Council resolution 2148 (2014) [on endorsing Secretary-General's revised strategies for the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID)]

AU/UN Hybrid Operation in Darfur|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|POLITICAL CONDITIONS|DARFUR (SUDAN)|PROGRAMME EVALUATION|INTERNAL SECURITY|COORDINATION WITHIN UN SYSTEM|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE

S/69 [204] AU/UN HYBRID OPERATION IN DARFUR
S/69 [160] SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS