taiwan sugar corporation
cultural association of taiwan sugar industry (2005). the illustrated history of meiji sugar co. , ltd. taipei: taiwan takechi sugar foundation
cultural association of taiwan sugar industry (2005). the illustrated history of ensuiko sugar co. , ltd. taipei: taiwan takechi sugar foundation
taiwan sugar corporation has five types of developments — open bid construction, joint construction, community development, sugar factory fields development, and student' s dormitory development. it also owns the taiwan sugar research institute .
soon after wwii ended and the taiwan retrocession was over, companies like dai - nihon, taiwan, meiji and ensuikou sugar companies which were operated by the japanese were all nationalized and merged to become the taiwan sugar corporation, which fell under the direct control of the ministry of economic affairs. xihu sugar refinery was formally renamed xihu sugar refinery, taiwan sugar corp .
at present, the china petrochemical development corporation, the bes engineering corporation, the china steel corporation, the steel production, shipbuilding and alloy steel production facilities of the taiwan machinery manufacturing corporation, the taiwan fertilizer co. , ltd. , and the taiwan salt industrial corporation have already been privatized. apart from taiwan water supply corporation, which is currently unsuitable for privatization because it is a public utility, a consultation company is studying the taiwan sugar corporation for privatization in light of its vast land holdings. all remaining state - owned enterprises are gradually being privatized according to their business nature, and their privatization is expected to complete within the approved tine frame .
became chung hsing paper corporation on nov. 7, 1959. in the 1960s
the corporation was established on 1 may 1946 by the nationalist government after the handover of taiwan from japan to republican china, by merging all of the sugar companies (dai - nihon, taiwan, meiji, and ensuiko sugar company) during the japanese era in taiwan. in the 1950s and 1960s, sugar was one of the major exports of taiwan; the corporation remains a major land owner today .
koh kong plantation co. ltd (kkpc) from cambodia - sugar industry, sugarcane koh kong sugar co. ltd (kksi) from cambodia - sugar - industry, sugarcane khon kaen sugar industry public company limited (ksl group) from thailand - sugar - industry, sugarcane ve wong corporation from china - food industry
organizational changes prompted the taiwan sugar corp. to integrate the asset management businesses of xihu sugar refinery, zhunan graduate school, yuemei branch factory and pu - li sugar factory into the central region branch office of asset management, taiwan sugar corp .
“the emergence of taiwan in the context of world history: from the perspective of taiwan sugar corporation”, research center of humanities and social sciences, national chiao tung university, 2010 - 2012 .
in the aftermath of war, tsc managed to rebuild sugar factories. (picture credit: sugar industry cultural digital archives: memoires of the sugar industry )
taiwan' s sugar trade, which flourished for almost 400 years, is now a sunset industry. the taiwan sugar corporation has diversified its business into tourism, floriculture, biotechnology, and retailing. it also operates a chain of gas stations and invests in taiwan high speed rail .
1966 ibm works with tatumg electronic corporation to produce magnetic core memory planes in taiwan. ibm establishes an international procurement office .
the organizational structure was readjusted and restructured in order to boost the operating efficiency, and the corporation’s structure was consolidated to become the taichung region branch office, taiwan sugar corp .
huwei sugar factory was heavily bombarded and severely damaged during world war ii. (picture credit: sugar industry cultural digital archives: memoires of the sugar industry )
, the corporation ranked no. 1 both in production and sales in the taiwanese paper industry .
yang yanqi (2001). story of taiwan cane sugar. taipei: fruition .
chen mingyan (2007). sugar industry in taiwan. taipei county: walkers .
about an hour’s drive from the museum is the state - owned taiwan sugar corporation (tsc) ’s orchid farm, complete with a research institute as well as breeding and propagation centres .
“sugar industry in post - war taiwan”, national science council grant, 2007 - 2009 .
it merged with the japanese company, meiji sugar co. , ltd. , and was renamed xihu sugar refinery .
xihu sugar refinery ended its production activities and was transformed into a tourist sugar refinery which integrated the history of the sugar industry and promoted the preservation and reutilization of cultural heritage .
source: created based on the following reports from the governor - general of taiwan: taiwan sugar industry statistical report no. 17, pp. 82 - 89; taiwan sugar industry statistical report no. 20, pp. 84 - 86; taiwan sugar industry statistical report no. 23, pp. 86 - 91; taiwan sugar industry statistical report no. 26, pp. 84 - 89; taiwan sugar industry statistical report no. 29, pp. 1, 84 - 89 .
1957 ibm china establishes headquarters in taipei. the first ibm data processing (dp) equipment in taiwan is installed at the taiwan sugar corporation in taipei. ibm opens its first office in hong kong, which is managed by the taiwan organization. the first ibm education course is held in taiwan .
ito shigero (1939). history of the taiwan sugar refining company. tokyo: taiwan seito k. k. tokyo shutchojo .
1964 the first ibm system / 360 in taiwan is ordered by the taiwan sugar corporation. that customer acquires an ibm 1440 in december to handle materials accounting, general accounting, sales and inventory control as well as farmerso loan accounting and personnel records. the first ibm bank proof machine in taiwan is used by the bank of taiwan .
“the problem of the raw material of taiwan’s sugar industry after wwi”, national science council grant, 1997 .
“a research on taiwan’s sugar manufacturing guild during the japanese colonization in 1920s”, national science council grant, 2002 .
i will now discuss an overview of the strategy implemented by each of the big four sugar manufacturers. taiwan sugar manufacturing focused on its core industry by taking full advantage of its resources (large company - owned farms and a raw material harvesting district in southern taiwan, an advantageous region for sugarcane cultivation) as a pioneer in the industry. taiwan sugar manufacturing actively conducted r & d; in agriculture, such as developing sugarcane species and being the first company to use portable devices for measuring sugar content, which served as the cores for quality production increases. additionally, taiwan sugar manufacturing also started manufacturing plantation white sugar at roughly the same time as ensuiko sugar manufacturing, a pioneering company in that field. as a result, taiwan sugar manufacturing was able to maintain a sustained competitive advantage for a long period of time (see graph). furthermore, as chairman of the federation of sugar manufacturers, taiwan sugar manufacturing also served as the main coordinator for the management of interests .
for dainihon sugar manufacturing, which started from the inland refined sugar manufacturing industry, the bribery scandal involving nihon seito was a turning point for rebirth and renewed performance based on sugar manufacturing in taiwan. the strategic transition to the modern sugar manufacturing industry was spurred by a merger with toyo sugar manufacturing in 1927. dainihon significantly improved its position by shifting its strategic focus from refined sugar to plantation white sugar. through active m & a; , the company was able to overcome the disadvantages in raw material harvesting districts and centrifugal sugar production capacity due to its late entry into the market. dainihon started from calculated and realistic decision - making based on lessons learned from past mistakes .
“taiwan hakka industrial management in the japanese colonial period: a study of sugar manuafacturing”, hakka affairs council grant, 2010 .
“the double structure of japanese sugar manufacturing in late meiji period, ” national taiwan library bulletin 2. 1 (september 1995) .
now tsc is a multi - services corporation and operates across different industries such as quality agriculture (e. g. the moth orchid), animal husbandry, bio - technology, logistics, land development, and tourism. in its efforts to promote tourism, tsc taps into its hundred years’ legacy in the sugar industry. for instance, the first modern sugar factory in taiwan—qiaotou sugar factory (a. k. a. the kaohsiung branch of tsc) —has been turned into the taiwan sugar museum. the venue exhibits sugar production facilities, agricultural implements and machinery, and railroad scenes. the process of sugar production is also in display. visitors will find in this museum a mix of japanese and baroque architecture, wonders of ecological diversity, and the glories of taiwan’s sugar industry. why not come to this historical monument, travel to the past, and embrace these old - time memories ?
“renewal and transformation of taiwan - japan economic exchange: mitsui bussan in taiwan”, institute of taiwan history, academia sinica, 2011 - 2013 .
“hakka ethnic group and the history of taiwan ‘s camphor industry, ” in the history of taiwan’s hakka ethnic group. taiwan historica, 2000 .
“power up taiwan” and “the evolution of taiwan electric power corporation” have sufficiently laid a basis for the studies of electricity evolution in taiwan. although both books have their limits from the sts perspective, they are just enough to throw some new light on sts research and let more related research topics be derived .
“a study of the league of the sugar industry in taiwan between the end of 1910s and 1920s”, national science council grant, 1999 .
“the history of sugar manufacturing in modern japan, 1868 - 1911”, dissertation, 1993 .
during world war ii, however, ethanol - producing venues were attacked by u. s. troops as military facilities. many sugar factories were bombed, resulting in serious damage and severe casualties; certain facilities were only rebuilt due to taiwan sugar corporation’s (tsc) effort. in 1952, new varieties of sugarcane were introduced, which pushed production back to the pre - war level. in 1975, cane sugar production contributed to record export proceeds of nt $ 5. 1 billion. starting from the next year, however, international sugar prices dropped continuously. eventually, the financial loss in exports resulted in tsc’s layoff and closing down of its sugar factories .
the taichung region branch office was renamed the taiwan sugar corp. , zhongzhang operation branch in response to the dictates of the japanese operation branch .
“on ke chiming’s mutual restraint between rice and sugar, ” research on taiwan history 10. 2 (december 2003): 131 - 136 .
“taiwanese capital in sugar industry before and after japan - russia war, ” taiwan: a radical quarterly in social studies 23 (september 1996) .
in apr. 17, 1944 to make plans for handover of taiwan and training required administrative personnel. again in nov. 1945, the “taiwan handover committee” was formed to be responsible for taking over the taiwan governor’s office’s businesses. two major agencies were established to take over japanese property – the nationalist government resources committee” and the “taiwan province chief administrative officer’s office”. the former took over taiwan power company, taiwan sugar company, taiwan fertilizer company, taiwan cement company, taiwan soda company, and taiwan machinery company that were to be placed under central government’s jurisdiction. the latter took over the preparatory office for china petroleum company’s kaohsiung refinery and taiwan oil factory, preparatory office for taiwan aluminum company, and preparatory office for taiwan gold and copper mining company that were to be run by the provincial government .
and started to use crushed sugarcane from sugar factories as raw material for papermaking. this recycling technique became the earliest record of recycled paper making in taiwan .
those who have not followed the registration system, has submitted the rice to government stock, has received the subsidy for set - aside program, rent the lands from taiwan sugar corporation for crop in production or the products produces from taiwan sugar co. land, shouldn’t ask to be purchased by the council. someone who hasn’t proceed the registration, when the assistance will be needed, the council could purchase, however, the purchase price will be only 65% of the production cost .
meiji sugar manufacturing implemented a multilayered and multifaceted strategy with companies such as meiji seika co. , ltd. at the same time, the company utilized as its greatest resource the group power of “dai - meiji” which is supported by its own sales network operated by meiji shoten co. , ltd. this strategy was designed to overcome the inherent uncertainty (sugar prices at the mercy of the international market and the effect of typhoons on sugarcane cultivation) of the sugar manufacturing industry. moreover, during the financial depression, meiji sugar manufacturing also purchased two factories with plantation refined sugar facilities. this enabled meiji sugar to start catching up with the top position held by taiwan sugar manufacturing (see graph). during the mid - 1930s, meiji sugar was able to overcome its vulnerability in agriculture which was brought on by the company motto of
simplicity and fortitude .
“the establishment of modern japan’s sugar manufacturing and the economic change in taiwan, ” in the impact of japanese capitalism on korea and taiwan: economic change under imperialism. kyoto university, 2004. (in japanese )
in the prime of the sugar industry, sugarcane railroads totaling 3, 000 kilometers transported supplies to sugar factories all over the island, and taiwan was called the “kingdom of the sugar rail. ” the by - products of the sugar production process (extraction, boiling, and crystallization) such as wet bagasse and molasses were turned into fuel, paper, organic fertilizer, or ethanol. in fact, ethanol from these facilities served as a very important military supply .
lukang gentry koo hsien - jung merged four old sugar companies, one after another, from the xihu dingliao sugar factory, puyan sansheng dafeng branch, pitou lian jiao cuo as well as the company named erlin dapaisha sugar refinery, which he operated with taiwanese chen zi - cheng. in october of the same year (the 8th year of the taisho period), tamato sugar co. , ltd. was founded .
changhua country afforested and beautified the landscape along the sugar train route and built it into a cycling route .
when discussing the modern sugar manufacturing industry, it is important to consider the close relationship with the cultivation of sugarcane, a raw material for sugar. this is because the amount of centrifugal sugar produced is significantly affected by the amount of sugar cane harvested. indeed, expenses related to the raw material sugarcane accounted for 60% of production cost. at the same time, there was an issue of competition between the production of sugarcane and rice (the two major crops in taiwan) in the region where raw material was harvested. this issue was a significant constraint which increased the cost of corporation management for sugar manufacturing companies. a factor to this was a system in which specified factories were required to make purchases for sugarcane cultivation only, but in which farmers were free to cultivate any crop they wished .
cane sugar once played a vital role in taiwan’s economic miracle in the twentieth century, but its production began much earlier. in fact, the earliest use of the sugarcane mill dates back to the late ming dynasty, in roughly the seventeenth century. sugarcane is a non - native crop that had adapted well to southern taiwan’s climate and soil. when taiwan was under dutch rule during the seventeenth century, sugarcane was used to make sugar, which was sold to japan. during the time that koxinga, a ming chinese military leader, governed taiwan, the trade of sugar brought much wealth to the island, which resulted in the following saying in fujian and guangdong, the two chinese provinces close to the island: “taiwan has so much money it floods your ankles. ” this reputation also showed taiwan’s great appeal to potential immigrants. in 1861, the treaty of tianjin, which had been signed by the qing empire and other countries, entered into effect. the treaty opened taiwan for trade, and thus camphor, sucrose, and tea leaves became taiwan’s major export items. during the japanese occupation of taiwan, a dozen sugar companies were founded on the island, including dai - nippon, taiwan, meiji, ensuiko, shinko, and teikoku. at its peak, the number of sugar factories on the island reached forty - two, and taiwan’s sugar production ranked only after india, cuba, and java in quantity. in fact, in an exposition organized to celebrate the forty years of japanese rule in 1935, the sugar industry exhibit reminded visitors, “the sugar industry is the mother of taiwan’s culture. ”
xie lingyu (2002). the old days of xinying sugar factory. tainan county: xinying district office .
“the social history of modern japanese sugar”, japan society for the promotion of science grant, 2012 - 2014 .
1956 ibm establishes a branch office of the ibm world trade corporation (wtc) in taipei, with a staff of three. they occupy a 400 - square foot office at the international house .
“the filing of the cultural property of zongye sugar plant in tainan county”, tainan county government grant, may 2007 .
changhua county cultural affairs bureau assisted in repairing the steam locomotive exhibition hall as well as collecting the early steam locomotives of taiwan sugar corp. , such as # 604, # 326 and # 364, other types of locomotives, the old photos of the sugar refinery and the railway facilities for display .
1970 the taiwan power company orders the country' s first ibm system / 360 model 50, the largest ibm computer in taiwan .
“suzuki’s shops, taiwan bank and financial crises, ” national taiwan museum quarterly 107 (1 september 2010), 12 - 17 .
the journal of taiwan governor den - kenjiro, vol. iii. taipei: institute of taiwan history, academia sinica, 2009 .
the journal of taiwan governor den - kenjiro, vol. ii. taipei: institute of taiwan history, academia sinica, 2006 .
the journal of taiwan governor den - kenjiro, vol. i. taipei: institute of taiwan history, academia sinica, 2001 .
after maintaining long - term competitive advantage for more than 30 years, taiwan sugar manufacturing was surpassed by dainihon sugar manufacturing due to the latter' s active m & a; strategy (see graph). this occurrence itself represents the dynamism of the modern sugar manufacturing industry. since the three companies other than taiwan sugar manufacturing faced constraints associated with management mistakes or late entry into the market, overcoming those constraints became urgent issues of those companies. as such, the essence of dynamism in the industry was the process of mutual cooperation within innovative corporate activities aimed at realizing rebirth, enhanced performance, and effect of newcomers .
“the filing and study of the historical documents of zongye sugar plant in tainan county”, tainan county government grant, 2005 - 2006 .
when taking a broad look at the history of the modern sugar manufacturing industry, it can be described as a search for cooperation based on competition. in this case, cooperation refers to the cooperative action taken against the backdrop of the federation of sugar manufacturers, one of the largest cartels in pre - war japan. specifically, the main mission of the federation as a cartel was to suppress competition through agreements such as the production adjustment agreements of 1933 / 1934 (in order to avoid overproduction, reduction of measures intended to encourage farmers to grow sugarcane), to manage interests within the industry, which had repeatedly dealt with a conflict of interests regarding side business of inland refined sugar and the plantation white sugar (centrifugal sugar as low cost as refined sugar) that would lead the industry in the 1930s, and to supplement business resources with the aim of sharing various information ranging from types of sugarcane to manufacturing methods for plantation white sugar .
taiwan governor - general office in the history of taiwan economy: administrative authorization, economics and historical material. taipei: yuan - liou, 2010 .
“shibugami: taiwan’s historical material during the qing dynasty in the ownership of yamata, ” in research on taiwan’s modern historical materials, vol. 2. japan: association of taiwan’s historical materials, 2005. (in japanese )
the phrase of modern sugar manufacturing industry as used in the title of this article refers to the centrifugal sugar industry (hereinafter referred to as sugar manufacturing industry), which was developed as a business in taiwan prior to world war two. the features of business history research in regards to this theme include examining uniqueness via case studies, conducting comparative analysis (specifically, international comparison and corporate comparison), and empirical analysis that focuses on the decision - making process of top management .
“the periphery and application of the archives of taiwan governor - general office, ” in the knowledge and usage of the archives of taiwan governor - general office, ed. yukio hiyama, et al. taiwan historica, 2002 .
in actuality, despite what is indicated by research on pre - war sugar manufacturing in japan, the industry was in no way a simple oligopoly enabled by monopoly capital. however, even while searching for cooperation, there was also a foundation of constant and fierce corporation competition by a few key players. as discussed below, corporate management based on competition was the normal form of the business .
no. 25, pao - chin rd. taipei 10043, taiwan, roc
“a collecting project on the documents of taiwan’s early financial system: collecting and filing the current documents of land bank”, national taiwan museum grant, october 2007 .
“on the response of taiwan governor - general office to the financial crisis in showa era, ” in local elites and taiwan’s peasant movement, ed. chen tzu - yu. taipei: institute of taiwan history, academia sinica, 2008 .
archives of kamiyama mitunoshin ⅲ no. 20: the reason of the personnel changes in taiwan, ” in research on taiwan’s modern historical materials, vol. 3. japan: association of taiwan’s historical materials, 2005. (in japanese )
discussion of the strategy implemented by ensuiko sugar manufacturing must begin from its pioneering activities in plantation white sugar. however, in order for this strategy to succeed, ensuiko had to overcome two constraints: management mistakes caused by the overlap of several large - scale mergers and the bankruptcy of suzuki shoten, and the management of raw material harvesting districts which were scattered throughout taiwan. upon entering the 1930s, the demand for plantation white sugar rose greatly due to decreased prices and improved quality in conjunction with reduced consumption tax and quality production increases. as rival companies implemented strategies focusing on plantation white sugar, the advantage enjoyed by ensuiko by the mid - 1920s was not conspicuous .
“chapter 5 love for the handcar: the establishment and development of new - style sugar manufacturing, ” in the great century of agriculture in taiwan. taipei: council of agriculture, executive yuan, 2012, 102 - 123 .
as the result of repeated alliances between 27 sugar manufacturing companies, the number of companies had been reduced to 11 in the early 1920s. after reorganization of the industry during the financial depression in 1927, only 9 sugar manufacturing companies would remain: taiwan, shinko, meiji, dainihon, ensuiko, niitaka, teikoku, showa, and taito. ultimately, due to further reorganization of the industry in conjunction with the intensification of the war regime in japan, the modern sugar manufacturing industry was reduced to 4 key players known as the
big four
: taiwan, meiji, dainihon, and ensuiko .
the half - gauge sugar train obtained permission for operation and officially reopened its doors to allow visitors to experience a rural, nostalgic and intellectual journey .
“the formation and accumulation of japanese capital in taiwan in the beginning of japanese rule, ” taiwan: a radical quarterly in social studies 32 (december 1998) .
“the process of formation of taiwan’s salt monopoly policy in the beginning of japanese rule 1895 - 1911, ” taiwan economic review 26. 1 (march 1998) .
ly yong phat, ruling party (cpp) senator and co - owner of koh kong plantation co. ltd and koh kong sugar co. ltd .
“the formation and implementation of the policy of public land sale under taiwan governor - general office: ‘land tax reform by the meiji governent and public land sale to sugar manufacturing co. , ltd”, national science council grant, 2012 - 2013 .
competing under the shadow of mainland china’s economy, taiwan is looking to a new kind of immigration diplomacy to engage southeast asia, now taiwan’s second largest export and investment destination .
on may 19, 2006, without any prior consultation, bulldozers started to clear farmers’ land in villages in botum sakor and sre ambel district, koh kong province, and forcefully evicted the formal owners: small - farmers who have been living on the land since 1979 (1). two months later, the land was awarded to the newly established sugar companies koh kong plantation co. ltd (kkpc) and koh kong sugar co. ltd (kksi), both owned by thai ksl group, ve wong corporation of taiwan, and ly yong phat, cambodian ruling party senator and business tycoon. the companies received two adjunct economic land concessions (elc), amounting to 9, 400ha and 9, 700ha respectively, to develop industrial sugar plantations and processing factories. the total size of 19, 100ha exceeds the legal limit of 10, 000ha per company. in january 2010, kksi opened a processing factory in sre ambel and six months later export of sugar to uk giant tate & lyle started, who signed a five years contract to buy all sugar output. since 2010, t & l; imported 48, 000 tons of sugar, with an estimated value of 24 million €. the investment was strongly motivated by the european agreement “everything but arms” (eba) with least developed countries (ldc) such as cambodia, offering them access to the european market without tariffs and at a minimum guaranteed price; which for sugar has been three times the world - market price (2) .
the prime example of this dynamism was dainihon sugar manufacturing, which triumphantly exceeded in overcoming the two constraints of management mistakes and late entry. even more, the company succeeded in turning these constraints into business opportunity. it was this dynamism which enabled dainihon to dramatically overcome taiwan sugar manufacturing to capture the top position. indeed, upon facing the most difficult constraints, dainihon implemented the most radical and innovative corporate activities. therefore, it can be said that corporate activities in response to the two constraints of management mistakes and late market entry were the driving force behind the growth of the modern sugar manufacturing industry. in marked contrast, although taiwan sugar manufacturing faced the difficulty associated with initial constraints, the company did not encounter any other major constraints during subsequent business activities and engaged in stable management; however, its long - term competitive advantage eventually came to an end .
as a book of popular history, “power up taiwan” indeed brought out the fun side of general history writing. the author uses a lot of phrases like “the first” and “the earliest. ” for instance, the first person who uses electric light is liu ming - chuan, and the first water power station in taiwan is gueishan power station, etc. such descriptions easily amaze the readers with the history of taiwan' s electricity development. for a long time, we were used to viewing the initial period of postwar industrial history—especially the development of government - owned enterprise such as taiwan power company or taiwan sugar corporation—from the “reconstruction” perspective. here, the reconstruction means the reconstructing process for the damage caused by the second - world - war after the japanese were sent back. but as a matter of fact, we knew nearly nothing about the origin of the industry' s development. the book could exactly mend the discontinuity of this historical gap .
“a study of kangyo bank’s branches in taiwan in 1923”, national science council grant, 2001 .
“the history of the department of economics at national taiwan university, ” 2002. (lost )
u. s. navy passes via taiwan strait for many years: u. s. pacific fleet
( 4) news article cambodian daily (feb. 3, 2015): families to rejoin protests against sugar farms (accessed 16 / 02 / 2015) [ click to view ]
in other words, the true dynamism leading to the growth of the modern sugar manufacturing industry can be seen in the contrast between the two companies. this dynamism is seen in how there were several players that led differentiation, and how the position of those players shifted; there was also fierce corporate competition embodied by the series of swift response to imitation and improvement (for example, quality production increases and improvement in the quality of plantation white sugar). dynamism was also present in the mutual cooperation of innovative corporate activities among the big four sugar manufacturers who served as key players. these two types of phased dynamism were the main driving force in the growth of the modern sugar manufacturing industry to become the main industry in pre - war japan .
“the process of the capital accumulation in taiwan during the japanese rule”, national science council grant, 1998 .
memory of salt country: taiwan salt enterprise co. , ltd. taipei: national archives administration, 2010 .
the impact of japanese capitalism on taiwan and korea: economic change under imperialism. taipei: boyyoung, 2010 .
another characteristic of this book is that it uses the phrases of modern business management to talk about taiwan' s electricity development (p. 101). the description is realistic and profound, with rich and various kinds of information, such as fund raising, costs for business operation, tender information, and so on. the second half of the book talks about the competitive construction bidding process for the sun - moon lake project, and the open offer made by taiwan electric power corporation that caused the trend of stock investment all over taiwan in 1919. the whole process makes the readers feel like he / she is reading real - time social news. from the author' s description to the electricity development, we can almost say that the business model, or the operation of capitalism in taiwan, was already established early in the japanese colonial period .
the book also contains heroic phrases in describing some of the important people: from ohkura okoshi, the engineer who created the electric power system in taiwan, or hiroshi nagashige, the technician who combined marketing and engineering together, to motoichirou matsuki, the best manager of the taiwan power company. there is also an annotation at the end of the book, saying “it was the profession, passion and perseverance of the engineers that keep the development of electricity in taiwan moving on. ” during the colonial period, the leaders of different fields in taiwan were no doubt japanese, and they were also the key figures of charge in electricity development. but no matter the form, the perspective of the unequal notion of colonialism or from sts, the grassroots technicians, or even the users, should be regarded as the contributor to electricity evolution. these grass - root figures could also be connected further to the process of electricity recovery in taiwan and the follow - up techniques during the primary stage after the second world war, or the so called “reconstruction period. ” from “the evolution of taiwan electric power corporation” (taipei: lin pin - yen, 1997. 3), another book about taiwan power development written by lin pin - yen, we can see the portion and place of taiwanese technicians had in taiwan power company (p. 172), which exactly retrieves the information that “power up taiwan” lacks. however, lin pin - yen still does not talk about the taiwanese technicians' ability, characteristics, and also their contribution to the development of electricity in taiwan .
“taiwan’s gold mining under japanese imperialism: literature interpretation and historical research”, gold museum of new taipei city government, 2011 .
“an investigation of the cultural property of taiwan provincial agricultural and industrial enterprise”, national cultural construction committee grant, april 2007 .
“a preliminary study of the tenancy in rice operation between two world wars in taiwan”, national science council grant, 2000 .
longquan village is located to the east of madou district and is bordered by zengwun river to the south. during the japanese occupation, the area included the two hamlets of gouzaiqian and tudouwang. after the second world war ended, the village was renamed longquan village after the village temple of longquan yan. residents of longquan are a simple rustic folk engaged in farming, using the waters of zengwun river to irrigate their orchards of avocado, wendan pomelo, and white pomelo trees. the harvested fruits are then sold throughout taiwan. with industrial and commercial developments, levees along the eastern and western banks as well as longquan village water pump station were constructed to mitigate the flooding of zengwun river. taiwan 19 expressway located to the west is where mashan bridge is located. the expressway serves as a key route for northbound and southbound traffic. the small taiwan sugar corporation train station located in the village has been delegated as a historical landmark, while longquan yan serves as the local center of faith .
1962 the first ibm 650 data processing system in taiwan is installed at the institute of electronics at the national chiao tung university .
“the occurrence and meaning of ‘the camphor problem’ in the beginning of japanese rule in taiwan”, national science council grant, 2000 .
the taichung region branch office strove to gather funds for developing a cultural and educational leisure park with a multifunctional activity area, ecological pond, lotus pond and cherry forest, etc. in addition, the office expected to combine itself with the xihu sugar refinery and local cultural industries that produces grapes, mutton hotpot and other agriculture products. it also attempted to become the best sugar industry historical and cultural attraction site in the central region with a strong focus on tourism and leisure .
“a research on taiwan governor - general office’s management of the financial crisis during the showa reign, national science council grant, 2004 .
“a research on taiwan’s industrialization during the end of japanese colonization (1930 - 45) ”, national science council grant, 2003 .
the catalogue of taiwan governor - general office documents, vols. 2 - 18 (1995 - 2006). japan: yumani shobo
“a study of the historical material of the economic relations in the archives of taiwan governor - general office, ” in a research of the historical material of the archives of taiwan governor - general office, ed. yukio hiyama. japan: yumani shobo (in japanese )
the bureau of cultural heritage, which was then known as the provisional office of the council for cultural affairs administration and cultural heritage, added the xihu sugar refinery to the reuse project of industrial sites and helped to preserve and activate it for reutilization .
no. 68, shengchan rd. , east dist. , tainan city 701, taiwan (r. o. c .) (
“the process of formation of taiwan’s salt monopoly policy in the beginning of japanese rule 1895 - 1911”, national science council grant, 1996 .
“the differentiation of technological archives: taiwan tabaco and wine company as an example, ” archive quarterly 4. 1 (march 2005) .
if the readers are interested in this book, they could also refer to the other related book “the evolution of taiwan electric power corporation. ”“power up taiwan” and “the evolution of taiwan electric power corporation” are the nonofficial books about electric power history in taiwan in the last decade. the prior book is written in the thread of business management and political situation, but lacks technical contents. on the contrary, the latter book is full of technical contents, but they only appear as plain information, without further discussion or analysis. to the reader who does not know much about electric power studies, the book could even be meaningless. looking at the issue from sts point of view, “power up taiwan” talks about the head engineer in sun - moon lake power station arai eikichi, who once created an original pressure - reducing tank that can reduce half of the cost (p. 91). there is no doubt about the importance of this new technique, but the author edits this information by putting it into an individual frame that obviously makes it an annotation. a lot of research for the history of technology also treated technical contents as “black boxes” or just mentioned them briefly. this tendency shows two possibilities. one is that the author has limited knowledge toward the professional technical contents and is unable to lead further discussion. the other is that the author thought the readers may not be interested in knowing the difficult technical contents, so he simply introduces it briefly. these possibilities could vulgarize the history of technology, and make it fail to gain the recognition of professional communities .
taiwan floriculture exports association urltoken e - mail: tfea8408 @ urltoken tel: 02 - 2331 - 3146 fax: 02 - 2311 - 9336 address: 13 - 4f, no. 41, sec. 1 jhongsiao w rd. , taipei 100, taiwan r. o. c .
address：no. 762, sec. 2, zhangshui rd. , xihu township, changhua county 51447, taiwan (r. o. c. )
the kaleidoscope of blooms that greeted me defied any words to describe them. no wonder that taiwan’s orchid cultivation has been lauded as a runaway success .
“japan’s colonial ruing on taiwan under an unequal treaty, ” journal of social economic history 67. 4 (november 2001). (in japanese )
the european union (eu) has supported the sugar industry through the agreement “everything but arms” (eba) with least developed countries (ldc) such as cambodia. companies operating in cambodia can access the european market without tariffs and at a minimum guaranteed price. for sugar, the minimum guaranteed price has been on average three times the world - market price. while the extent of sugarcane plantations in cambodia was negligible in 2006, in 2012 it amounted to more than 100, 000 ha. cambodian sugar exports jumped to 13. 8 million $ in 2011, 92% of which was exported to the eu (2). koh kong plantation co. ltd (kkpc) and koh kong sugar co. ltd (kksi) are both owned by thai ksl group holding 70% of the shares, as well as by ve wong corporation of taiwan and ly yong phat, a cambodian ruling party senator and business tycoon (2). the concession land has been granted under the economic land concession (elc) scheme of cambodia, which provides concessions for the development of large - scale agriculture under a lease agreement of up to maximum 99 years. lease agreements are commonly set for 70 years (see legal elc framework, below). both companies received two adjunct economic land concessions (elc), amounting to 9, 400ha and 9, 700ha respectively, to develop industrial sugar plantations and processing factories (2). the total size of 19, 100ha exceeds the legal limit of 10, 000ha per elc (see legal framework). the concession land overlaps with villagers’ land, protected areas, and other concession land. since 2010, tate & lyle; imported 48, 000 tons of sugar from both companies, with an estimated value of 24 million € (2). 456 families were dispossessed by the elcs in sre amble district (1). based on average household size this corresponds to more than 2, 100 persons. 1490 ha of farmers land were affected by clearing (1). other sources say that families lost 5000 ha of land (3). according to the 2001 cambodian land law, the formal land owners are the villagers, since they have been living over 5 years prior on the land area (see land law framework) .
the population of the ‘new immigrants’ group, including foreign spouses and their children, is now the fifth largest in taiwan, numbering about 500, 000 .
based on a resolution achieved at a shareholder meeting on dec. 1, 1958, taiwan paper company decided for each of its paper mill to operate independently. however ,
people protest against the sugar companies since 2006, trying to get back their land and to receive compensations for the losses, however, with little success. supported by ngos, villagers filed formal complaints in cambodia against the involved companies (july, 2012; see (1) ), as well as in the uk against tate & lyle (march 2013), claiming human rights abuse and ownership of the land (3). some of the families received 2000 $ as compensation from tate & lyle (4), which however cannot replace the lost livelihoods, others are still waiting for any compensation or solutions. in july, 2013 bonsucro, an initiative for responsible and sustainable sugar growing suspended tate & lyle, which refused to cooperate with villagers for the investigation of their complaints (3). on behalf of the villagers, ngos further lobbied to revise the eba agreement, underlying the need to investigate its devastating impact on human rights, to which the european union finally agreed (5). while the eba agreement was set up to ‘support development’, on the ground, it produced a sugar rush by providing bonus payments for national and international companies that established a sugar industry at a devastating cost of local communities and the environment .
few people are aware that japan actively sought to use taiwan, a colony of japan as a result of the sino japanese war, as a base for expanding the centrifugal sugar industry, which was one of the main industries in japan prior to world war two. at that time, japan was still in an inferior position compared to western powers. in that respect, successful management of empire of japan’s first colony served as a test of whether it could thrive as an independent nation .
during a recent media familiarisation trip to taiwan at the invitation of the taipei economic and cultural office in malaysia, i had the opportunity to feel the warmth of taiwanese hospitality .
“the innovation of economic development and enterprises: a case study of taiwan’s ic industry and cable tv, ” business review 46. 3 (february 1999). (in japanese )
after its reorganization to become taiwan paper material research institute in the 5th year of the showa period, hagiwara tetsuzou succeeded in producing paper pulp by processing crushed sugarcane with heavy magnesium sulfate. the crushed sugarcane research institute was again turned into taiwan paper co. , ltd. and began to mass - produce white notebook paper and the taiwanese paper industry took a better turn .
taiwan, as its historical name formosa (from the portuguese ilha formosa, which means beautiful island) implies, is a gem of an island off the southeastern coast of mainland china .
council of agriculture appeals to the peasantry who produces important agricultural products to register their farmers planted acreage － council of agriculture, executive yuan, r. o. c. (taiwan )
“a study of land ownership in taiwan during the qing dynasty (1683 - 1895), ” economic research 35 (december 1992), the university of tokyo. (in japanese )
“land owrners’ capital accumulation in hsinchu hakka area during the japanese colonial period, ” in modern japan and taiwan. institute of social science, chukyo university, 2011. (in japanese )
we understand that the market - oriented agricultural production often leads to production imbalance and thus that it is important to know more about the to area of production and output information for government to take measures to tackle this situation. therefore, we deem to promote this reporting system for a limited important products. it shall apply to seven crops: banana, orange, papaya, pineapple, garlic, onion and peanut; six seafood products: milkfish, tilapia, eel, bass, grouper and clam; and four livestock products: pork, chicken, taiwan native chicken, and eggs. if needed, coa shall select other agricultural products, after thoroughly evaluation to apply this registration system so that corporation measures can be taken at early stage to deal with the overproduction problem of this product .
“ethnic relations and industrial development (2 / 3): taiwan hakka ethnic group in the camphor industry during the japanese rule (until 1930s) ”, hakka affairs council grant, 2012 .
“ethnic relations and industrial development (1 / 3): taiwan hakka ethnic group in the camphor industry during the japanese rule (until 1930s) ”, hakka affairs council grant, 2011 .
the day ended with a bang in yunlin, which is about an hour’s ride from chiayi, where the finale of the nine - day annual taiwan lantern festival drew more than a million spectators .
failing to find private investors to take over luodong factory and lintienshan forest, bank of taiwan took them over with capital partially acquired from other government enterprises. since government shares accounted for more than three quarters ,
to attract even more tourists from asean, beginning last august, taiwan allowed citizens of thailand and brunei visa - free access, extending a policy already in place for asean countries such as malaysia and singapore .
apart from savouring the not - so - cold winter sights and sounds of vibrant taipei, we enjoyed a 90 - minute ride on the taiwan high speed rail that took us to the southern city of chiayi .
jen - shen wu, jun - yu fang, hsin - yi lin; on power up taiwan. east asian science, technology and society 1 september 2008; 2 (3): 457–460. doi: urltoken
the author only spends a short length in discussing the electricity development in taiwan during the 50 years of the japanese colonial period. in addition to the editing arrangement, the book appears to have a comparatively popular writing style. since the book contains incisive analysis and draws a clear image for taiwan' s electric power evolution, the writing style does not affect its value for academic studies. nevertheless, there are still flaws in some parts of the argument .
copyright © 2018 department of humanities and social sciences / graduate program of ethnicity and culture, college of hakka studies, national chiao tung university taiwan © add. : no. 1, sec. 1, liujia 5th rd. , zhubei city, hsinchu county 302, taiwan (r. o. c .) tel: + 886 - 3 - 5131394 fax: + 886 - 3 - 6580677 (ms. teng) last update: 2018. 07
around the 5th year of the showa period (1930), under the impact of world recession and the demand brought by japanese government’s aggressive strategy of “industrial immigration, ” taiwan became a forward base for japan. as a result ,
taisugar owns 550 km 2 (210 sq mi) of land in taiwan — 370 km 2 (140 sq mi) are for agricultural purpose and 120 km 2 (46 sq mi) are for contract production. [ 2 ]
a trip to chiayi is not complete without spending a couple of hours at the hinoki village, originally the dormitories of the forestry bureau’s chiayi forest division under the office of the governor - general of taiwan during the japanese occupation between 1895 and 1945 .
this upstart in green power was established last year in response to the new government’s call to push the installed solar capacity to 20gw by 2025 from the present 842mw and to take advantage of taiwan’s position as the world’s second largest manufacturer of solar panels .
diversified development” has already become our operating objective and direction; “promoting privatization” is an effective way to liberate state - owned enterprises from bureaucratic constraints and to boost competitiveness. with everyone’s effort, we are convinced that we can create a better quality of life for the taiwan people.
taiwan sugar corporation ( tsc ; chinese : 台灣糖業股份有限公司 ; pinyin : táiwān tángyè gōngsī ) or taisugar ( 台糖 ; táitáng ) is a state-run enterprise of taiwan , with headquarters in tainan city . 
taiwan sugar corporation (tsc; chinese: 台灣糖業股份有限公司; pinyin: táiwān tángyè gōngsī) or taisugar (台糖; táitáng) is a state-run enterprise of taiwan, with headquarters in tainan city.
taiwan sugar corporation (tsc; chinese: 台灣糖業股份有限公司; pinyin: táiwān tángyè gōngsī) or taisugar (台糖; táitáng) is a state-run enterprise of taiwan, with headquarters in tainan city.