sip - and - puff
sip / puff headset with attached 6 - foot (1. 8 - meter) air tube and twist connector for attaching to sip / puff switch
sip / puff headset with attached 6 - foot (1. 8 - meter) air tube and twist connector for attaching to sip / puff breeze
the imperium sip and puff switch is activated with either a
sip
or
puff
of the lips with the included small mouth piece .
sterilize the straw portion of the sip and puff assistive technology switches before using .
no product reviews have been submitted yet for the sip and puff assistive technology switches .
figure 4. output signal from the pressure sensor with a sip and puff actions .
these are operated by sucking and blowing on a mouthpiece. sip and puff pressures are programmable and will also have a mode change feature in order to operate other chair controls such as lights or actuators. they require quite a bit of practice by the user to get good at driving. not only does the wheelchair electronics distinguish between a sip and a puff, it can also recognize the strength of the sip and puff. basic sip and puff pressure is interpretation as… hard puff – forward, soft puff – right, soft sip – left and hard sip – reverse .
sip and puff drives are the solution for those users who aren' t able to use any part of their body to operate a control device on their power wheelchair. sip and puff systems are non - proportional drives and require quite a bit of practice by the user to get good at driving. the user will either puff air into a tube or sip on the tube. not only do the wheelchair electronics distinguish between a sip and a puff, it can also recognize the strength of the sip and puff. a hard sip or puff will mean one thing to the wheelchair and a soft sip or puff will mean something else. the trick for the user is to get used to how hard to sip or puff and be consistent with those actions. pictured is the asl sip n puff / head array package .
if you can use a drinking straw you can use our sip / puff switch .
if a usb output is desired then sip / puff breeze is the proper choice .
at least one of a bite switch or a sip and puff switch incorporated into the body .
add to cart sip and puff switch sku #: end - 970 $ 261. 85 add to cart
please note that the sip and puff devices will not be available at your advance or ordinary polling station .
sip / puff breeze is an advanced usb sip / puff switch in an extremely compact package. it connects directly to standard usb ports on computers, laptops, and aac devices and provides hardware emulation of mouse buttons or joystick functions .
grogg k, anschutz j, jones m. development of a sip and puff interface for the ipod music device .
this is a demo of sip and puff control on motorized wheelchair as a part of my research project at tas .
the origin instruments sip / puff switch with headset is the leading sip - puff system for individuals with motor disabilities and limited dexterity. this multi - user version of the popular sip / puff switch offering provides healthcare institutions, assessment centers, hospitals, etc. with a means to support multiple users while eliminating concerns over sanitation .
the disposable mouthpiece is connected by plastic, latex - free tubing to the sip / puff switch that converts sips and puffs into electrical signals. the sip / puff switch connects to the computer or interface device through one stereo or two mono cables .
for people effected with severe motor disabilities, manipulating a standard switch can be difficult, tiring and in some cases impossible. with origin instruments sip / puff offerings users can easily activate and have control over devices through a simple “sip” and / or “puff” into a mouth tube .
the imperium sip and puff switch is activated with either a
sip
or
puff
of the lips with the included small mouth piece. features a 1 / 8 - in / 3. 5 - mm stereo plug and includes a gooseneck mount and mounting clamp .
use the second generation sip / puff breeze™ to access ipad, iphone and the ipod touch with apple' s switch control feature .
the sip / puff switch translates sips and puffs into independent switch closures. the sip / puff switch has two (2) 3. 5mm ports for connecting two standard mono cables or a single stereo cable and has integrated test buttons to assist in application testing .
4. the mouth activated input device as defined in claim 1, wherein there is provided both the bite switch and the sip and puff switch .
check it out, a sip - and - puff arduino shield. this is an assistive technology that allows the physically challenged to control things using a plastic air tube. different combinations of sucking (sip) or blowing (puff) differentiate between control commands .
jones m, grogg k, anschutz j, fierman r. a sip - and - puff wireless remote control for the apple ipod .
the multi - user sip / puff switch with headset provides healthcare institutions, assessment centers, hospitals, etc. with a means to support multiple users while reducing concerns over sanitation .
sip
and
puff
test buttons are integrated to assist in application testing .
sip and puff assistive technology switches are designed for patients with severe physical impairments, and can be hooked up to two devices. sipping on the switch will activate one, while puffing will activate the other. all sip and puff assistive technology switches come with a 19 in. gooseneck and three - way mounting clamp .
sip / puff solutions are ideal for people who have limited or no motor capability to operate switch activated devices, including computers, augmentative communication devices, adapted toys, environmental control systems and devices accessed or controlled by scanning. sip / puff technology is also popular for wheel chair navigation .
strong, lightweight and versatile, the sip / puff gooseneck features a universal mount that securely attaches to table tops, beds and wheelchairs. the flexible steel gooseneck and the ball - and - socket mount enable easy and secure mouthpiece positioning. the filtered mouthpiece is replaceable and a thin, pliable connecting tube interfaces the mouthpiece to sip / puff breeze with a simple twist connector .
with all the equipment that' s in my face
with the sip - and - puff system ,
people saw that and not me ,
he said .
strong, lightweight and versatile, the sip / puff gooseneck features a universal mount that securely attaches to table tops, beds and wheelchairs. the flexible steel gooseneck and the ball - and - socket mount enable easy and secure mouthpiece positioning. the filtered mouthpiece is replaceable and a thin, pliable connecting tube interfaces the mouthpiece to the sip / puff switch with a simple twist connector .
the sip / puff multi - user headset is uniquely designed to support disposable mouthpieces. each disposable mouthpiece is enclosed in a sealed package that includes a pair of latex - free gloves and an instruction sheet. the mouthpiece filter eliminates sanitary concerns on behalf of both the user and the attendant while retaining sip - puff convenience, accuracy and reliability .
5. the mouth activated input device as defined in claim 1, wherein the sip and puff switch has an elongated opening, which extends axially along the body .
dual pressure switch has two 3. 5 - mm (1 / 8 - inch headphone) connectors. one connector provides both sip and puff events with a stereo cable
although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the mouth activated input device, as described above, even more beneficial results may be obtained when the sip and puff switch has an elongated opening which extends axially along the body. the elongated opening is designed to prevent the user from accidentally blocking access to the sip and puff switch .
6. the mouth activated input device as defined in claim 1, wherein the sip and puff switch has a saliva trap chamber with a removable cover to facilitate cleaning .
12. the mouth activated input device as defined in claim 10, wherein the sip and puff switch has a saliva trap chamber with a removable cover to facilitate cleaning .
if a simple switch closure over a standard switch 3. 5 - mm connector is desired then the passive sip / puff switch is the proper choice .
a gentle sip or puff on a tube may be easier and more suitable for some than a more traditional adaptive switch. like a traditional switch, our sip puff switches can be used to access all manner of switch activated devices - speech generating devices, computers, tablets, mobile phones, environmental control systems, and other devices designed for switch scanning .
the most popular technology for operating a motorized wheelchair, called sip - and - puff devices and based on inhaling or exhaling into a tube, offers only four commands - forward, back, left and right - and is also slow and cumbersome .
there are a variety of point and click headgear mechanisms in the prior art. point and click headgear devices generally utilize ultrasound or light detectors to position the cursor on the computer screen and a “sip - and - puff” device to simulate pressing the mouse buttons. “sip - and - puff” refers to breath - operated devices wherein the user initiates commands to the control unit by either blowing or sucking air from the mouthpiece .
the multi - user sip / puff switch with headset is packaged in a compact case for easy storage and transport. the case is similar to a small briefcase, complete with handle and snap closures .
sip / puff breeze now supports ios switch control. with an apple usb camera adapter, breeze can now provide complete access to your ipad, iphone or ipod touch .
the second generation breeze builds on the original' s comprehensive sip and puff switch, and computer interface solution by adding the capability to generate apple ios switch control events. it is a first class sip / puff sensor with an integrated usb computer interface. use breeze' s integrated dip switch to tell it what events your application needs, plug it in, attach a pneumatic tube, and your application is ready for access .
this shield uses a pressure sensor to receive input from the plastic tubing. but we’ve also seen it done using mechanical pressure switches. that technique is what was used in the sip - and - puff kayak build .
the disposable mouthpiece attaches in seconds using a snap - fit fastener to the sip / puff multi - user headset. after usage, the mouthpiece is discarded and replaced so the system is immediately available for the next user .
suck and blow, exactly. the title made me think this was a device to help with consuming alcohol and smoking “tobacco. ” you sip a drink, you puff a cigarette and neither of those has anything to do with moving air through a tube for triggering things .
the arduino series of micro - controllers opens up a huge world of possibilities for novice programmers and hobbyists! with freely available development systems and tutorials, and a vast array of library functions and sample sketches, just about anyone can succeed in designing and building projects that once would have required an advanced degree in electronics and programming. when i set out to develop my sip & puff controlled kayak, the subject of another instructable, i discovered that commercially available sip & puff switches were very costly, and thus prohibitive for many hobbyists to experiment with in their designs. this instructable will fully detail how to construct a u - contoller based sip & puff switch with the minimum and least expensive hardware i know of. i' ll present complete purchasing info and detail how to fabricate a few parts you may wish to make yourself .
the second consideration is connectivity. the device that turns the sips and puffs into electrical signals (often referred to as a
switch interface
) for a computer or aac device is available in two forms. if a simple switch closure over a standard 3. 5 - mm connector is desired then the passive sip / puff switch is the proper choice. if a usb output is desired then sip / puff breeze™ is the proper choice .
the integramouse enables the user to activate all mouse functions with as little as 10 grams of lip pressure. left and right mouse clicks can be made with the built in sip and puff switch. use this tool for students who cannot access a standard mouse and have breath control .
this filter is required for the breeze and highly recommended for the sip / puff switch. the origin instruments sip / puff headset is designed such that gravity will generally minimize saliva moving past the headset. if saliva gets past the headset then an in - line filter is required. there is no need to insert more than one filter. for example, the gooseneck mouthpiece has an in - line filter so a second filter should not be used .
although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the mouth activated device, as described above, even more beneficial results may be obtained when the sip and puff switch has a saliva trap chamber with a removable cover to facilitate cleaning .
sip / puff headset is a comfortable, adjustable head frame. the padded headset slips over the ears and behind the head. a replaceable mouth tube is held in position with an integral stainless steel forming wire. the tube and wire can be bent and cut to adapt to individual needs .
however, if you have a limited range of motion or strength, then using the standard joystick may be difficult. there are a growing number of alternative options that are becoming available. these include light touch mini joysticks, switches, touchpads and sip and puff controls .
sip - n - puff devices are widely used for controlling powered wheelchair. in sip - n - puff system, the user gives commands to the chair by “sipping” (inhaling) and “puffing” (exhaling) on a pneumatic tube. this method works, basically, on the amount of pressure applied to the pneumatic tube and whether the sign of the pressure is negative or positive (indicating sipping or puffing, respectively). sharp sips and puffs can be used to change the speed and direction of the wheelchair. steering is accomplished by lower - level sips and puffs .
using the sip and puff device with the audio session is safe and confidential. the device can be easily mounted on a table or wheelchair, for which our special voting officers are trained to assist. every elector will use a headset supplied with disposable ear covers for sanitary reasons. the audio is only heard by the elector who is wearing the headset. also for sanitary reasons, our special voting officers will use disposable latex gloves to replace the disposable tips with built - in filters from the sip and puff device after each use .
sip’n puff is the industry term used to describe this type of assistive device. although it isn’t 100% correct, it is a more elegant description. i’m sure a suck and blow ipod dock would have recieved a bigger response from a different type crowd. : )
thanks! i have seen just the switch and mouthpiece units starting around $ 80. they go up from there. this project adds the endless capabilities of a microcontroller to take a project to the next step - intelligently timing and responding to sip & puff commands, and the ability to control the rest of the project beyond the user interface. referring to my earlier instructable: urltoken the same arduino that manages the sip & puff portion of the design also controls the operator display panel, communicates with the motor driver, and monitors the rc throttle input as well as the man - overboard switch .
is this likely a 2 switch setup? urltoken ($ 160) or is there simply a single pressure switch available? i need a switch that if i sustain a puff / sip the switch will close until i release (momentary). .
the sip / puff replacement mouth tube has a stainless steel forming wire to position the tube in a convenient location next to the mouth. for best results the plastic tubing should slip up to the plastic mount for the headset' s stainless steel tube .
there are several things to consider for a sip and puff switch solution. first is the user interface. we provide two standard options for positioning the mouthpiece, a headset and a flexible shaft with universal clamp. however, you may wish to attach the mouth tube to some other apparatus already positioned next to the user. in that case we have extra tubing available for a custom interface. our multi - user headset features a disposable mouthpiece and filter assembly that is easily replaced. this sanitary solution is perfect for evaluation centers and situations where multiple people will be using the same sip / puff switch. our flexible shaft interface also features twist - on and disposable, filtered mouthpieces .
the sip / puff multi - user headset is uniquely designed to support disposable mouthpieces. the disposable mouthpiece attaches in seconds using a snap - fit fastener and includes an inline aseptic filter to enable hygienic, worry - free access by a succession of users. the system is packaged in a compact case for easy storage and transport .
sip and puff is an access method which is not as common in europe as it is in the us however it is an ideal way to increase the functionality of a joystick controlled by lip movement. see the above link to learn more about sip and puff but to give a brief explanation, it uses a sensor that monitors the air pressure coming from a tube. a threshold can be set (depending on the user’s ability) for high pressure (puff) and low pressure (sip). once this threshold is passed it can act as an input signal like a mouse click, switch input or keyboard press among other things. the flipmouse also has two jack inputs for standard ability switches as well as infrared in (for learning commands) and out (for controlling tv or other environmental controls). all these features alone make the flipmouse stand out against similar solutions however that’s not what makes the flipmouse special .
using only tongue movements, the volunteers also navigated a powered wheelchair through a 50 - meter - long course with 13 turns, 24 obstacles and occasional alarms signaling
stop! emergency !
here, too, on average the 11 tetraplegics drove the course three times faster with the tongue system than with sip - and - puff, and just as accurately .
the jouse 2 is a joystick - operated mouse that is controlled with the user' s mouth. users can move the joystick with their mouth, cheek, chin, or tongue to shift the mouse cursor. using a built - in sip and puff switch allows users to perform typical mouse button functions .
all user interface solutions can be attached to the separate, breeze sensor using a simple twist - on pneumatic connector. the electronic pressure sensor in breeze will sense a sip or puff and convert these events to mouse button clicks or joystick button presses, and pass these to the connected usb host device (typically a pc or mac computer) .
breeze is a usb sip / puff switch in a compact package. it connects directly to standard usb ports on computers, laptops and aac devices and provides hardware emulation of mouse buttons or joystick functions. for special applications, sensitivity is selectable and dynamic pressure readings can be directly accessed through the usb interface. the integrated pneumatic port connects directly to a range of available user interface options including headset and gooseneck .
you can’t drive a powerchair with a gaze tracker, at least not outdoors with a bunch of ambient ir light everywhere. driving a powerchair is something that needs to work very reliably. also, gaze trackers require calibration and take up a lot of space. for certain tasks they’re just not feasible and sip in puff is a much more appropriate solution .
assistive and educational technology tools and resources to support learning for students with disabilities and their classmates .
in this case the device is used to control an ipod dock, but [ bob johnson’s ] kickstarter project seeks to put the sip - and - puff functionality out there so that it can bridge the control gap no matter what the need. one example that he mentions in the video after the break is a morse code keyboard .
a prototype intra - oral module was developed to verify the interface functionality with the user. the intra - oral module consumes a maximum of 28ma when it is activated and zero power while it is deactivated. figures 3, 4 and 5 show the output signals from a hall effect sensor while the moveable plate was cycled through its range, a sip and puff action on the air pressure sensor and a biting action on the switch .
why not use a pressure transducer? you' d only need one, plus a precious analogue pin, and this would allow you to use graduated sips and puffs (hard puff / soft puff, etc .) as well. this would allow quite a range of short commands, assuming your client has sufficient breath control. it would also be amenable to control using a sealed bulb - this would avoid the problem of using up all the puff or sip, which is the curse of concertina players everywhere, amongst many others. would it be an idea to include a drool catcher as well? or is drool resistance the reason the designflex units are so satisfyingly expensive ?
the multi - user headset features a totally detachable mouthpiece assembly that is easily replaced for situations where multiple people will be using the same sip / puff switch. for situations where a headset is not desired, a flexible gooseneck style interface is available. the gooseneck user interface features twist - on filtered mouthpieces .
neural control of speech movements in phonetics and phonology in language comprehension and production: differences and similarities .
attach the head mounted or gooseneck user interface to the breeze sensor using a simple twist - on pneumatic connector. using available tubing, you can even fashion your own custom interface. the sensitive electronic pressure sensor in breeze will sense a sip or puff and convert these events into mouse button clicks, joystick button presses, or keyboard characters, and pass these to the connected usb host device .
the sip and puff device is attached to a vote tabulation machine designed to allow you to cast your vote with the help of an audio session. this method is ideal for individuals that already use a sip and puff device on a regular basis. when using this method, you will automatically hear the name of the first candidate. puffing will allow you to hear the names of all subsequent candidates and will return you to the top of the list once all names have been read. once you have found the candidate you want to vote for, sipping will allow you to select that individual and cast your vote. the machine will confirm to you your selection, and your completed ballot will then be printed into a secrecy sleeve. at that time, one of our special voting officers can help you deposit your ballot into the ballot box
when the user wishes to perform a mouse button command input, the user utilizes the sip - and - puff procedures to trigger a pressure transducer which converts the user - induced, pneumatic signal into an electrical signal which is relayed to a signal. transmitter unit. the signal transmitter unit transmits the mouse button command signal to sensors on the reception unit where it is converted into a serial bit stream and transferred to the computer for execution
i' m a quadriplegic can' t move from neck down i use sip n puff controls to drive my wheelchair, i' ve always wondered if it was possible to fix something up to drive an rc car, do you know of anything or have you ever herd of anybody doing this? i' m looking for something that i can turn the car not just go forward and backward .
after just 30 minutes of training, everyone was able to move a computer cursor, clicking on targets on a laptop screen, playing video games and dialing phone numbers. accuracy and speed improved with practice, even though subjects used the system only one day a week. after six weeks the tetraplegics were, on average, three times faster with the tongue system than with sip - and - puff, which six of the 11 (including disanto) had been using. it was equally accurate .
target selection is another challenge for eye input to computers. while a computer mouse includes both movement tracking and selection capabilities, there is no equivalent or inherent
button click
capability for the eye. using an eye tracking system for computer input, therefore, requires an additional and satisfactory implementation of the select operation that typically follows pointing. one possibility is to use a separate physical switch for selection. the hand, a head action, or even a sip - and - puff straw can activate the switch .
awesome project! for those of us not in the industry, could you give us a sense of what
very costly
means for a commercial sip & puff? you' ve specked this project out at just under us $ 100 (i assumed 9 feet of tygon, to get a nice round $ 10: -). is that half of a commercial unit? 10% ?
the flipmouse (finger - and lip mouse) is a computer input device intended to offer an alternative for people with access difficulties that prevent them using a regular mouse, keyboard or touchscreen. it is designed and supported by the assistive technology group at the uas technikum wien (department of embedded systems) and funded by the city of vienna (torades project and asterics academy project). the device itself consists of a low force (requires minimal effort to operate) joystick that can be controlled with either the lips, finger or toe. the lips are probably the preferred access method as the flipmouse also allows sip and puff input .
analysis powerful real - time video, heat map and line trace recording and printable reporting .
a mouth activated input device includes an elongated tubular body having an exterior surface, a first end and a second end. a first portion of the body at the first end has a first axis. a second portion of the body at the second end has a second axis, which is inclined at an angle to the first axis. a tongue activated multi - directional sensor element is positioned on the second portion. either a bite switch, a sip and puff switch or both are incorporated into the body .
the mouth activated input device, as described above, is designed to provide maximum comfort to the user with maximum functionality. the comfort is provided by the elongated body which has a “bend” forming the first portion with the first axis, the second portion with the second axis and the tongue activated multi - directional sensor element being positioned on the second portion. functionality is achieved by the combination of the tongue activated multi - directional sensor element in combination with one or more switches. the tongue activated multi - directional sensor element is capable of controlling such things as computer cursor movement. either a bite switch, a sip and puff switch or both are used to make selections. it is preferred that both the bite switch and the sip and puff switch be provided to give maximum flexibility and functionality. although the primary market for this device is perceived to be for persons with disabilities, it will be understood that the device will also be useful to persons, such as helicopter pilots or crane operators, who may wish to use this device when their hands are occupied with other tasks .
the intra - oral module consists of four hall effect sensors coupled with four magnets, a single air pressure sensor and a single push button switch. the four magnets are permanently embedded in a moveable plate, which is attached to the main body of the device through a post. the four corresponding hall effect sensors detect the movement of the plate (in particular the magnets) toward and away from each sensor. the tongue is used to move this plate, much like a joystick. these movements are converted to direction and speed data, and cause the on - screen pointer to move. for 'return - to - center' feedback, a rubber bumper is attached to the base of the post. the pressure sensor is used to detect the puff and sip actions. the puff simulates a right mouse button event, and the sip event is configurable. lastly there is a bite table, which is connected to a push button that can detect a biting event. this simulates a left mouse button click. the length of the intra - oral module is adjustable so that it fits comfortably into the mouth. figure 2 depicts the intra - oral module .
but every physically challenged person is unique. they may find headgear uncomfortable, and not prefer to wear it at times when a simpler interface, like a puff sensor, is adequate for what they want to do. or they may want to have both interfaces at their disposal simultaneously, and divide tasks between them .
according to the present invention there is provided a mouth activated input device which includes an elongated tubular body having an exterior surface, a first end and a second end. a first portion of the body at the first end has a first axis. a second portion of the body at the second end has a second axis which is inclined at an angle to the first axis. a tongue activated multi - directional sensor element is positioned on the second portion. either a bite switch, a sip and puff switch or both are incorporated into the body .
according to the national spinal cord injury statistical center, the number of people having spinal cord injury (sci) in the united states has been estimated at approximately 265, 000 persons in 2010. there is a growing interest in improving the quality of life of individuals with disability by helping them to become more independent [ 1 ]. therefore, numerous assistive technologies (at) have been developed, such as sip - and - puff, eye tracking system, electromyography (emg) switches, voice recognition, brain - computer interfaces, and head arrays [ 2 ] .
beyond the drive parameters, there are many options to consider with each non - proportional input device. you may need to program multiple functions to be performed with one switch (e. g. , on / off, mode changes, and emergency stop). it may be necessary to program a specific way for a head array to control the power seat functions, or the individual pressures needed for a sip - and - puff system. setting up the programming for a non - proportional input device can take a great deal of time and investment by everyone on the team, so a big commitment will be necessary .
resrach supported in part by the national institute of biomedical imaging and bioengineering grant 1rc1eb010915 and the national science foundation award cbet - 0828882 and iis - 0803184 .
the normal electric powered wheelchair needs to be operated through joystick by hand. however, the hand function may be limited or even not available in some patients with severe disabilities. the idea of the alternative wheelchair control is to use other part of the body rather than hand to operate some sort of a proportional control joystick. [ 1 ] the alternative wheelchair control includes sip - n - puff control, chin control, head control, speech control and tongue - operated solution - each of those can in some form be found on the market nowadays .
the regression models for the able - bodied and tetraplegic participants using mouse, keypad, tds, and snp are summarized in fig. s1, a and b .
mackenzie, i. s. and isokoski, p. , fitts' throughput and the speed - accuracy tradeoff ,
the prototype intra - oral module was developed and the results demonstrated that all the embedded sensors and switches function properly. it fits comfortably in the mouth and is easy to operate. the next two stages of this project are the refinement of the prototype and electronics module, and the start of clinical trials .
small and lightweight, with simple setup and calibration make the mygaze® eye tracker an essential tool at home or in the classroom .
tien, g. and atkins, m. s. , improving hands - free menu selection using eyegaze glances and fixations ,
physically disabled individuals who lack the ability to utilize normal arm and / or hand movement must depend on assistive devices and / or software to help them control a computer in the same manner as a non - disabled user. existing assistive devices do not provide disabled persons with a comparable ability to both manipulate screen objects using “point - and - click”, “drag - and - drop”, and “double - click” and to control the keyboard effectively and efficiently .
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those home systems already exist, with many smartphones offering apps that control home appliances, lights and heating - and - cooling systems .
collins, j. f. and blackwell, l. k. , effects of eye dominance and retinal distance on binocular rivalry ,
comparison of four fisheye techniques to improve target selection. the techniques were no action, always on, and appearing only after fixation begins (with and without a grab - and - hold algorithm) .
easy eye gaze interface allows users of varying abilities to access and control windows - based programs using eye gaze. designed for the needs of ‘independent’ users as well as ‘supported’ users and their teachers and parents .
yes, this design uses two of the same (very) low pressure / vacuum switches joined on a' y' junction. one is connected at the high (pressure) port and the other at the low (vacuum) port. the common pins of the switches are tied together, and the switches can be configured as active high or active low, depending on which level the common pin is tied to. they are so sensitive that the user does not need to form a complete seal around the mouthpiece. the switches stay closed so long as there is the slightest amount of pressure or vacuum, however they do not give indication of higher or lower pressure / vacuum like a transducer switch would. there is extremely little or even no airflow through the switch, so holding a sip or puff is quite easy and the tube stays relatively dry .
suck and blow! oh how i loathe the mamby - pamby phrases, that are incorrect. one cannot sip air, only liquids. i am all for assistive tech, as i am somewhat dyslexic. i can’t stand icons just give me plain text. this should be standard for ada access. this is clearly a job for a microswitch or 2 and a diaphragm or bellows. put a 15amp switch in it and suck and the vacuum comes on. couldn’t get any easier. make the bellows trip a toggle switch both ways and you have a bistable on off setup, no flip flop required. come to think of it this rather familiar. i rebuild player pianos .
, inset). able - bodied and tetraplegic participants completed pc access and powered wheelchair navigation sessions on a weekly basis to measure learning effects .
= 3. 1). participants would likely demonstrate lower error rates if further training was provided and improved feedback mechanisms were considered and tested .
figure 14. error rates (a) by block and input method (b) by input method and target width. error bars show ±1
sure, eye tracking is a potentially higher bandwidth, and more interactive, interface. it can be diy’ed (see urltoken and other examples) .
for the new study, published in science translational medicine, ghovanloo and his team tested the tongue system on 11 tetraplegia patients from rehabilitation centers in chicago and atlanta and 23 able - bodied volunteers who already wore tongue jewelry .
instead of using a keypad and the tds, participants with tetraplegia used a snp device and the tds to complete the center - out tapping task .
the universal mounting arm is composed of two separate pieces, a ball and joint assembly and a clamp. the ball and joint assembly aligns with the clamp using an orientation pin that fixes it in one of eight 45 - degree orientations
a computer user traditionally controls the movement of a screen pointer using a standard point and click mouse; however, some individuals who have poor to no hand or finger movement or are totally disabled cannot use standard input devices. alternative input devices are required to provide similar functionality to these individuals. such devices come in many different shapes and sizes to accommodate a variety of limitations. this paper reports on an innovative intra - oral input device; its major advantages being user comfort and ease of use. this intra - oral device requires a tongue to control cursor movement, a puff to simulate a right mouse click and a bite on a switch to simulate the left mouse click .
follow this link for more breeze information and an explanation of joystick plus mode .
progression 18 carefully graded activities designed to assess and teach early eye gaze skills .
keyboard shortcuts to easily check positioning and change interaction settings without exiting your activity .
a variation will now be discussed with reference to figs. 7 and 8 .
data and materials availability: all the raw clinical data are available on urltoken .
one degree of separation: paralysis and spinal cord injury in the united states .
comparison of letter prediction and word prediction in eye typing using a soft keyboard .
mcgriffin, m. and balakrishnan, r. , acquisition of expanding targets ,
author contributions: m. g. was the principal investigator (pi) in this study, and a. l. , e. r. , m. j. , and d. w. were co - pls. all authors contributed to the design and execution of the study. h. p. and j. k. were responsible for developing and troubleshooting the hardware and software. j. k. , j. b. , e. s. , d. r. , b. n. , d. p. , j. h. , and j. m. conducted the trials. j. k. and e. v. analyzed the results. j. k. and m. g. wrote the paper and all co - authors edited it .
when the user wishes to perform a mouse button command input, the user utilizes the sip - and - puff procedures as outlined in fig. 7. for example, if the user wishes to perform a “left click” command (i. e. , to position the cursor in a standard word processing program for text insertion), the user puffs or blows into the airway passage 21 a of the enhanced mouthpiece 21 an amount of air sufficient to raise the air pressure in the airway conduit enough to trigger the pressure transducer 40. the pressure transducer 40 converts the user - induced, pneumatic signal into an electrical signal which is relayed to the signal transmitter unit 50. the signal transmitter unit 50 transmits the mouse button command signal to sensors 15 on the reception unit 10. the reception unit 10 converts the mouse button command signal into a serial bit stream and transfers the signal to the computer 1 for execution .
at the user level, guis are utilized by employing three basic computer mouse operations: (1) “point - and - click”; (2) “drag - and - drop”; and (3) “double - click”. however, while basic, these three operations actually require complex and coordinated hand and eye movements. the majority of computer operators take for granted the complex set of mouse movements, mouse clicks, and keyboard manipulations inherent in using gui applications. furthermore, the typical user is scarcely aware of the powerful user functionality created by the mouse and keyboard that allow him to efficiently utilize the software application. in fact, as a typical user' s skill levels increase, the keystrokes and mouse clicks become more automatic and intuitive, causing the interface' s look and feel to become deceptively easy to manipulate. however, for physically disabled individuals, the basic operations necessary to properly utilize guis and window - based applications are oftentimes arduous and cumbersome if not at times impossible .
the use and operation of mouth activated input device 10 will now be described with reference to figs. 1 through 6. referring to fig. 11 mouth activated input device 10 is connected to an electronically responsive device by cable connection 44 and fitting 46. guard 40 may be adjusted for individual physiology by selectively snapping it in place at any one of adjustable positions 42. upon insertion into the mouth, a person may actuate tongue activated sensor element plate 30 by changing its orientation along one or both of perpendicular axes 32 a or 32 b. plate 30 may be inclined toward any of four primary positions and any secondary positions in between. when tongue activated sensor element plate 30 is manipulated in this way, any one of magnets 50 will be re - oriented closer to any one of hall effect sensors 51 illustrated in figs. 4 and 5. the combination of changes in proximity between magnets 50 and hall effect sensors 51 is translated as a signal that is transmitted through cable connection 44 to an electronically responsive device. for example, the multi - directional capability of multi - directional gimbal 48 illustrated in figs. 4 and 6, would translate into the same kind of multi - directional movement required to operate a cursor in a computer. in a similar fashion, a person can actuate bite switch 34 and sip and puff switch 36 to click and select items in a computer. due to first axis 24 being inclined at an angle to second axis 28, mouth activated input device 10 is operated with optimal comfort .
( c) means for relaying said first and second signals to said computerized device .
cooper ra, cooper r, boninger ml. trends and issues in wheelchair technologies .
hello: due to age and other factors, i am considering a power wheelchair. and since i have trouble with my right side, (leg foot arm and hand .) and need my left arm and hand to carry items, handbag etc. urltoken wondering if a powered wheelchair can be controlled with my good left foot only. no mouth or head controlls please. do you have any ideas for me? thank you josie
takahashi, k. , nakayama, m. , and shimizu, y. , the response of eye movement and pupil size to audio instruction while viewing a moving target ,
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mygaze eye tracker is an easy and affordable eye gaze control system for hands - free computer access. easy to set up and use; appropriate for a wide range of needs .
table s1. summary of the statistical analysis for center - out tapping and itr tasks .
. portions of this example are based on work by zhang and mackenzie [ 34 ] .
the information transfer rate (itr) quantifies how quickly and accurately a command is issued following a visual or auditory cue. it is a widely used measure to evaluate and compare bcis (
this is another example of how the field of rehab engineering and assistive devices is continuously evolving and benefiting from incorporating the emerging new technologies ,
said dr daofen chen, program director at the national institute of neurological disorders and stroke, part of the national institutes of health .
shown are ccc% and itr, which quantifies how quickly and accurately a command is issued within a given period. (a) ccc% and (d) itr for 9 of 23 able - bodied participants using tds. (b) ccc% and (e) itr for participants with tetraplegia using tds. (c) ccc% and (f) itr for subjects with tetraplegia using snp. error bars represent ±sem. * p < 0. 05, repeated - measures anova and least significant difference pairwise comparisons for session - by - session effects .
it’s all highly situational, and there is no such thing as too many assistive tech options .
we thank pride mobility inc. for donating the quantum 6000 powered wheelchairs. we also thank x. huo for his assistance with developing the tds hardware and software. funding: national institute of biomedical imaging and bioengineering grant 1rc1eb010915 and national science foundation awards cbet - 0828882 and iis - 0803184. j. m. was supported in part by a grant from the national psoriasis foundation .
when an eye tracker is used for computer input, how well does the interaction work? can common tasks be done efficiently, quickly, accurately? what is the user' s experience? how are alternative interaction methods evaluated and compared to identify those that work well, and deserve further study, and those that work poorly, and should be discarded? these are the sorts of questions that can be answered with a valid and robust methodology for evaluating eye trackers for computer input .
participants were briefed on the purpose and objectives of the experiment and on the operation of the eye tracker and the selection methods employed. they sat at a viewing distance of approximately 60 cm from the display. calibration was performed before the first eye technique, with re - calibration as needed .
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, and a permanent magnetic tracer was attached to their tongue, 1 cm anterior to the tip .
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= 1. 2 s and dropped during shorter periods to 38. 9 ±28. 1% at
) revealed that the tds was easier to use than snp in terms of both speed and accuracy .
table s2. summary of the statistical analysis for maze navigation and electric - powered wheelchair driving tasks.
sip-and-puff or sip 'n' puff ( snp ) is assistive technology used to send signals to a device using air pressure by " sipping " ( inhaling ) or " puffing " ( exhaling ) on a straw , tube or " wand . " it is primarily used by people who do not have the use of their hands . it is commonly used to control a motorized wheelchair by quadriplegics with very high injury to their spinal cord or people with als . 
sip-and-puff or sip'n' puff (snp) is assistive technology used to send signals to a device using air pressure by " sipping " (inhaling) or " puffing " (exhaling) on a straw, tube or " wand. " it is primarily used by people who do not have the use of their hands. it is commonly used to control a motorized wheelchair by quadriplegics with very high injury to their spinal cord or people with als.
sip-and-puff or sip'n' puff (snp) is assistive technology used to send signals to a device using air pressure by " sipping " (inhaling) or " puffing " (exhaling) on a straw, tube or " wand. " it is primarily used by people who do not have the use of their hands. it is commonly used to control a motorized wheelchair by quadriplegics with very high injury to their spinal cord or people with als.