<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217" xmlns:ix="http://www.xbrl.org/2013/inlineXBRL" xmlns:ixt="http://www.xbrl.org/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-02-26" xmlns:ixt-sec="http://www.sec.gov/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-08-31" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022" xmlns:ref="http://www.xbrl.org/2006/ref" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022" xmlns:us-roles="http://fasb.org/us-roles/2022" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" xmlns:country="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2022" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2022" xmlns:ADXS="http://advaxis.com/20220131">
<head>
     <title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html" />
</head>
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_02B_US%2DGAAP%2D2022 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_03F_ADXS_advaxis.com_20220131 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_046_20211101_20220131 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_054_edei%2D%2DEntityCentralIndexKey_0001100397 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_059_edei%2D%2DAmendmentFlag_false -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_076_XDX_form10%2Dk.xdx -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_06B_USD_1_iso4217%2D%2DUSD -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_062_Shares_2_xbrli%2D%2Dshares -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_06D_USDPShares_3_iso4217%2D%2DUSD_xbrli%2D%2Dshares -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_069_Pure_4_xbrli%2D%2Dpure -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_061_Integer_0_Integer -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_07D_SO_forms%2D1.xdxs -->
<body style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<div style="display: none">
<ix:header>
 <ix:hidden>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" name="dei:EntityCentralIndexKey">0001100397</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:AmendmentFlag">false</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredCostsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0044" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0086" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingencies" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0101" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingencies" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0102" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0110" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0111" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeGainLossOnDerivativeNet" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0189" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:LossOnSharesIssuedInSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0191" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0215" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0221" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0225" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0226" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0228" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0231" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0235" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0236" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0238" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxEffectsAllocatedDirectlyToEquityEquityTransactions" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0241" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxEffectsAllocatedDirectlyToEquityEquityTransactions" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0242" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxEffectsAllocatedDirectlyToEquityEquityTransactions" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0244" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0259" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0260" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0262" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeStockPurchasePlans" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0265" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationEmployeeStockPurchaseProgramRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0269" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationEmployeeStockPurchaseProgramRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0270" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationEmployeeStockPurchaseProgramRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0272" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0275" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0276" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0278" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0281" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0285" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0288" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesIssuedForSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0291" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0295" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0298" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0301" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommitmentFeesSharesIssuedForEquityLine" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0305" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommitmentFeesSharesIssuedForEquityLine" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0308" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommitmentFeesSharesIssuedForEquityLineShares" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0311" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:SharesIssuedUnderEquityLine" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0314" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:SharesIssuedUnderEquityLine" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0317" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:SharesIssuedUnderEquityLineShares" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0320" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0324" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0325" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0326" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0330" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0336" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0340" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0341" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0343" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0346" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0350" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0351" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0352" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0353" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0354" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0355" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0359" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0360" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0361" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0362" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0363" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeStockPurchasePlans" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0365" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0369" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0372" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0375" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0379" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0382" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0385" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0389" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0390" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0391" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0395" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0401" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:EmployeeStockPurchasePlanExpense" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0417" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeGainLossOnDerivativeNet" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0421" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:LossOnSharesIssuedInSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0423" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0427" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:GainLossOnWritedownOfPropertyAndEquipment" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0429" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:AmortizationOfDeferredOfferingCosts" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0438" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:NetGainOnWriteOffOfRightofuseAssetAndLeaseLiability" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0448" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0475" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromWarrantExercises" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0490" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockPlans" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0492" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0495" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:TaxSharesSoldToPayForEmployeeTaxWithholdingsOnEquityAwards" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0498" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssued1" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0534" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommitmentFeeSharesIssuedForEquityLine" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0537" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CashlessExerciseOfWarrants" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0540" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ReassessmentOfLeaseTerm" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0544" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_srt_MinimumMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0601" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">P3Y</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_srt_MaximumMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0603" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">P10Y</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_srt_MinimumMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0607" name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife">P3Y</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_RestrictedStockUnitsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0631" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseholdImprovementsGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0657" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FurnitureAndFixturesGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0663" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ConstructionInProgressGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0669" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0923" unitRef="USDPShares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1083" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1141" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1143" unitRef="USDPShares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1210" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1">P10Y</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1215" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1">P10Y</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_srt_DirectorMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1219" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1">P10Y</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" id="xdx2ixbrl1369" name="us-gaap:LeaseExpirationDate1">11-30-2025</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1451" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1452" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1457" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1458" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1466" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1467" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1532" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1533" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1573" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1574" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1577" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1578" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1584" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1585" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueNetAssetsLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" id="xdx2ixbrl1592" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1597" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1598" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1601" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1602" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:SharesIssuedInSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1619" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ProceedsFromWarrantExercises1" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1621" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1625" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCash" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1659" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PreferredStockRedemptionLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1698" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingencies" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1712" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingencies" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1713" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1716" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1726" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1727" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1768" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1801" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1802" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1828" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1832" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1852" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfPreferredStockAndPreferenceStock" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1874" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1876" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromWarrantExercises" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1879" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCash" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1901" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxesPaidNet" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1909" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxesPaidNet" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1910" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_custom_SeriesDConvertableRedeemablePreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1940" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_RestrictedStockUnitsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1946" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2003" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:dateyearmonthday" id="xdx2ixbrl2046" name="us-gaap:LeaseExpirationDate1">2025-11-30</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2359" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2365" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2369" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2375" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2379" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2380" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2382" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2384" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2386" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2389" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2392" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2396" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2399" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2404" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2405" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2406" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2410" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2416" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2420" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2426" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2430" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2436" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2440" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2446" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2450" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2451" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2453" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2456" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2458" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2460" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2461" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2462" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2466" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2472" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2476" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2482" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl2522" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" id="xdx2ixbrl2530" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2617" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2618" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" id="xdx2ixbrl2622" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" id="xdx2ixbrl2623" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PreferredStockRedemptionLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" id="xdx2ixbrl2626" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PreferredStockRedemptionLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" id="xdx2ixbrl2627" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2631" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2632" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2638" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2639" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueNetAssetLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" id="xdx2ixbrl2645" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueNetAssetLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" id="xdx2ixbrl2646" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2651" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2652" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" id="xdx2ixbrl2656" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" id="xdx2ixbrl2657" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2660" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2661" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2667" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2668" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueNetAssetLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" id="xdx2ixbrl2674" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueNetAssetLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" id="xdx2ixbrl2675" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2680" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityPurchases" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2688" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityPeriodIncreaseDecrease" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember" id="xdx2ixbrl2692" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"></ix:nonFraction>
  </ix:hidden>
 <ix:references>
  <link:schemaRef xlink:href="adxs-20220131.xsd" xlink:type="simple" />
  </ix:references>
 <ix:resources>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_dei_BusinessContactMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:EntityAddressesAddressTypeAxis">dei:BusinessContactMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_SeriesDConvertibleRedeemablePreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">ADXS:SeriesDConvertibleRedeemablePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_SeriesDConvertibleRedeemablePreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">ADXS:SeriesDConvertibleRedeemablePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-01-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:PreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2019-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2019-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2019-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2019-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2019-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2019-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:PreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:PreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:PreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:PreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-01-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-07-04_custom_MergerAgreementMember_custom_BiosightLtdAndAdvaxisLtdMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:MergerAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">ADXS:BiosightLtdAndAdvaxisLtdMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-07-04</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-07-04_custom_MergerAgreementMember_custom_BiosightLtdMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:MergerAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">ADXS:BiosightLtdMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-07-04</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-04-292021-04-30_custom_DefinitiveAgreementsMember_us-gaap_InvestorMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:DefinitiveAgreementsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:TitleOfIndividualAxis">us-gaap:InvestorMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-04-29</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-04-30</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-30_custom_DefinitiveAgreementsMember_us-gaap_InvestorMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:DefinitiveAgreementsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:TitleOfIndividualAxis">us-gaap:InvestorMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-30_custom_DefinitiveAgreementsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:DefinitiveAgreementsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-30_custom_DefinitiveAgreementsMember_custom_AprilTwoThousandTwentyOneOfferingMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:DefinitiveAgreementsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">ADXS:AprilTwoThousandTwentyOneOfferingMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-04-292021-04-30_custom_DefinitiveAgreementsMember_custom_AprilTwoThousandTwentyOneOfferingMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:DefinitiveAgreementsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">ADXS:AprilTwoThousandTwentyOneOfferingMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-04-29</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-04-30</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-262020-11-27_us-gaap_IPOMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-26</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-11-27</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-11-27_custom_NovemberTwoThousandTwentyofferingMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">ADXS:NovemberTwoThousandTwentyofferingMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-11-27</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-232020-11-24_custom_UnderwritersMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:TitleOfIndividualAxis">ADXS:UnderwritersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-23</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-11-24</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-232020-11-24_custom_NovemberTwoThousandTwentyofferingMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">ADXS:NovemberTwoThousandTwentyofferingMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-23</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-11-24</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_srt_MinimumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MinimumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:WarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_SeriesDPreferredStockRedemptionMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">ADXS:SeriesDPreferredStockRedemptionMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">us-gaap:WarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember32229843">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">us-gaap:WarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_StockOptionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">ADXS:StockOptionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_StockOptionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">ADXS:StockOptionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_RestrictedStockUnitsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">ADXS:RestrictedStockUnitsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_RestrictedStockUnitsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">ADXS:RestrictedStockUnitsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_LaboratoryEquipmentMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis">ADXS:LaboratoryEquipmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_LaboratoryEquipmentMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis">ADXS:LaboratoryEquipmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-07-282021-07-30_custom_PurchaseAgreementMember_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:PurchaseAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">ADXS:LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-07-28</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-07-30</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-07-30_custom_PurchaseAgreementMember_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:PurchaseAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">ADXS:LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-07-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-07-30_custom_PurchaseAgreementMember_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:PurchaseAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">ADXS:LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-07-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-08-012020-10-31_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">ADXS:LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-04-012021-04-30_us-gaap_IPOMember_custom_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-04-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-04-30</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-30_us-gaap_IPOMember_custom_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-30_srt_MaximumMember_us-gaap_IPOMember_custom_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-30_custom_PreFundedWarrantMember_custom_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:PreFundedWarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-30_custom_PreFundedWarrantMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:PreFundedWarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-30_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_PurchaseAgreementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:PurchaseAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-30_srt_MinimumMember_custom_AmendedAndRestatedCertificateOfIncorporationMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MinimumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:AmendedAndRestatedCertificateOfIncorporationMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-30_srt_MaximumMember_custom_AmendedAndRestatedCertificateOfIncorporationMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:AmendedAndRestatedCertificateOfIncorporationMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012020-11-30_us-gaap_IPOMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-11-30</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-11-30_us-gaap_IPOMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-11-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-11-30_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-11-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012020-11-30">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-11-30</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-05-012020-05-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-05-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-05-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-05-012020-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-05-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-05-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-05-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-05-012021-05-31_custom_ATMProgramMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:ATMProgramMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-05-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-05-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-05-012020-05-31_custom_ATMProgramMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:ATMProgramMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-05-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-05-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-03-012021-03-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-03-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-03-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-03-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-03-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-03-012021-03-31_custom_ATMProgramMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:ATMProgramMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-03-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-03-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-01-012020-01-31_us-gaap_IPOMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-01-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-01-31_us-gaap_IPOMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-01-012020-01-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-01-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:WarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_srt_MinimumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:WarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MinimumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:WarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_srt_MinimumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MinimumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_EquityWarrantsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:EquityWarrantsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_EquityWarrantsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:EquityWarrantsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_us-gaap_IPOMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:WarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_IPOMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_PreFundedWarrantMember_us-gaap_IPOMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:PreFundedWarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_IPOMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-16_custom_PrivateExchangeAgreementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:PrivateExchangeAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-16</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-10-152021-10-16_custom_PrivateExchangeAgreementMember_us-gaap_InvestorMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:PrivateExchangeAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:TitleOfIndividualAxis">us-gaap:InvestorMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-10-15</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-16</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-16_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-16</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-16_us-gaap_MeasurementInputSharePriceMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputSharePriceMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-16</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-16_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-16</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-16_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-16</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-16_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-16</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-10-152021-10-16">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-10-15</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-16</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_IPOMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-06-01">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-06-01</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-06-03">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-06-03</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_srt_MinimumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MinimumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:WarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_srt_MinimumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:WarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MinimumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:WarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_EquityWarrantsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:EquityWarrantsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_IPOMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:IPOMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-06-03_srt_MinimumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MinimumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-06-03</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-06-03_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-06-03</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_srt_MinimumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MinimumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFirstMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFirstMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFirstMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFirstMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSecoundMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeSecoundMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSecoundMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeSecoundMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThridMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeThridMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThridMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeThridMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFouthMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFouthMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFouthMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFouthMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFifthMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFifthMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFifthMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFifthMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixthMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeSixthMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixthMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeSixthMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFirstToSixthMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFirstToSixthMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeOneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeOneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeOneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeOneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeOneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeOneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeSixMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeSixMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeSixMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis">ADXS:ExercisePriceRangeSixMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember32232984">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:WarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-14_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-14</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-14_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-14</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-14_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-14</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-04-14_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-04-14</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_StockSplitMember_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:StockSplitMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:PlanNameAxis">ADXS:TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_StockSplitMember_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:StockSplitMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:PlanNameAxis">ADXS:TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-01-02_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:PlanNameAxis">ADXS:TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-01-02</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-05-04_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember_srt_MinimumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:PlanNameAxis">ADXS:TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MinimumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-05-04</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-05-04_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:PlanNameAxis">ADXS:TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-05-04</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-01-02_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:PlanNameAxis">ADXS:TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-01-02</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:PlanNameAxis">ADXS:TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_EmployeeStockAwardsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:EmployeeStockAwardsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_EmployeeStockAwardsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:EmployeeStockAwardsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:EmployeeStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:EmployeeStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:EmployeeStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_srt_DirectorMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:TitleOfIndividualAxis">srt:DirectorMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember_srt_MinimumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:EmployeeStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MinimumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:EmployeeStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_srt_DirectorMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:TitleOfIndividualAxis">srt:DirectorMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-03-202019-03-21_custom_TwoThousandAndEighteenEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:PlanNameAxis">ADXS:TwoThousandAndEighteenEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-03-20</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2019-03-21</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_TwoThousandAndEighteenEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:PlanNameAxis">ADXS:TwoThousandAndEighteenEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_TwoThousandAndEighteenEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:PlanNameAxis">ADXS:TwoThousandAndEighteenEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_srt_ChiefExecutiveOfficerMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:TitleOfIndividualAxis">srt:ChiefExecutiveOfficerMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2019-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_srt_MinimumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MinimumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:OSTherapiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-02-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-04-30</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2018-09-032018-09-04_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:OSTherapiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2018-09-03</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2018-09-04</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-09-022019-09-04_custom_OSTherapiesMember_custom_WithinFiveBusinessDaysMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:OSTherapiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardDateAxis">ADXS:WithinFiveBusinessDaysMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-09-02</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2019-09-04</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-09-022019-09-04_custom_OSTherapiesMember_custom_CreditableMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:OSTherapiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardDateAxis">ADXS:CreditableMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-09-02</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2019-09-04</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_OSTherapiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:OSTherapiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-05-012021-01-31_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:OSTherapiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-05-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-04-252021-04-26_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:OSTherapiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-04-25</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-04-26</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-05-012021-05-31_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:OSTherapiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-05-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-05-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_GlobalBioPharmaIncMember_us-gaap_LicenseAndServiceMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">ADXS:GlobalBioPharmaIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">us-gaap:LicenseAndServiceMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_GlobalBioPharmaIncMember_us-gaap_LicenseAndServiceMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">ADXS:GlobalBioPharmaIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">us-gaap:LicenseAndServiceMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-04-292020-04-30_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">ADXS:DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementScenarioAxis">ADXS:OSTherapiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-04-29</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-04-30</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-09-182019-09-19_custom_EspecificosStendhalSAdeCVMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">ADXS:EspecificosStendhalSAdeCVMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-09-18</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2019-09-19</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2019-09-19_custom_EspecificosStendhalSAdeCVMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">ADXS:EspecificosStendhalSAdeCVMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2019-09-19</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-03-012021-03-26">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-03-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-03-26</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-03-26">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-03-26</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-03-012021-03-25">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-03-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-03-25</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-03-25">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-03-25</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_GPPRevenueMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis">ADXS:GPPRevenueMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis">us-gaap:MoneyMarketFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis">us-gaap:MoneyMarketFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis">us-gaap:MoneyMarketFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis">us-gaap:MoneyMarketFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis">us-gaap:MoneyMarketFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis">us-gaap:MoneyMarketFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis">us-gaap:MoneyMarketFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis">us-gaap:MoneyMarketFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2020-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis">us-gaap:MoneyMarketFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis">us-gaap:MoneyMarketFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis">us-gaap:MoneyMarketFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis">us-gaap:MoneyMarketFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AwardTypeAxis">ADXS:ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_FourhundredOnekPlanMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:PlanNameAxis">ADXS:FourhundredOnekPlanMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2020-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2022-01-012022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_InstitutionalInvestorsMember_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">ADXS:InstitutionalInvestorsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:SeriesDPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsequentEventTypeAxis">us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2022-01-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2022-01-102022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_InstitutionalInvestorsMember_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">ADXS:InstitutionalInvestorsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:SeriesDPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsequentEventTypeAxis">us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2022-01-10</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_InstitutionalInvestorsMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:SeriesDPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">ADXS:InstitutionalInvestorsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsequentEventTypeAxis">us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:SeriesDPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsequentEventTypeAxis">us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2022-01-012022-01-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:SeriesDPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsequentEventTypeAxis">us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2022-01-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2022-01-102022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:SeriesDPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsequentEventTypeAxis">us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2022-01-10</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">us-gaap:WarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">us-gaap:WarrantMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_SeriesDConvertableRedeemablePreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">ADXS:SeriesDConvertableRedeemablePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-01-31_custom_SeriesDConvertableRedeemablePreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">ADXS:SeriesDConvertableRedeemablePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_StockOptionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">ADXS:StockOptionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-01-31_custom_StockOptionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">ADXS:StockOptionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_RestrictedStockUnitsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">ADXS:RestrictedStockUnitsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-01-31_custom_RestrictedStockUnitsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis">ADXS:RestrictedStockUnitsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2022-01-012022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_InstitutionalInvestorsMember_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">ADXS:InstitutionalInvestorsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:SeriesDPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2022-01-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_InstitutionalInvestorsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:SeriesDPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis">us-gaap:PrivatePlacementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">ADXS:InstitutionalInvestorsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2022-01-012022-01-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2022-01-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:SeriesDPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputSharePriceMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputSharePriceMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:MeasurementInputTypeAxis">us-gaap:MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:PreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2020-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:PreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:PreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:PreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis">ADXS:PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember32241484">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis">ADXS:PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-11-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2022-01-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis">ADXS:PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember32241562">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001100397</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis">ADXS:WarrantLiabilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2022-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:unit id="USD">
      <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="Shares">
      <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="USDPShares">
      <xbrli:divide>
        <xbrli:unitNumerator>
          <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unitNumerator>
        <xbrli:unitDenominator>
          <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unitDenominator>
      </xbrli:divide>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="Pure">
      <xbrli:measure>xbrli:pure</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="Integer">
      <xbrli:measure>ADXS:Integer</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact000866" toRefs="Footnote000907"></ix:relationship>
  </ix:resources>
 </ix:header>
</div>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 12, 2022</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Registration
No. 333-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 4pt solid; font-size: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>UNITED
STATES</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 12pt"><b>Washington,
D.C. 20549</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 30%"><div style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>FORM
<span id="xdx_90E_edei--DocumentType_c20211101__20220131_zDImD6TWRnzb"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" name="dei:DocumentType">S-1</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>REGISTRATION
STATEMENT UNDER THE</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>SECURITIES
ACT OF 1933</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 30%"><div style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b><span id="xdx_904_edei--EntityRegistrantName_c20211101__20220131_ziOJIeGDIhKd"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName">ADVAXIS,
INC.</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_906_edei--EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_c20211101__20220131_zX0mbkgIzYj9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" name="dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">Delaware</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: center; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2836</b></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: center; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_900_edei--EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_c20211101__20220131_zmfh9uBZJQ6l"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" name="dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">02-0563870</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>(State
                                            or other jurisdiction of</i></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>incorporation
    or organization)</i></span></p></td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>(Primary
                                            Standard Industrial</i></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Classification
    Code Number)</i></span></p></td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>(I.R.S.
                                            Employer</i></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Identification
    No.)</i></span></p></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_90E_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine1_c20211101__20220131_z1mhyWmKE4Jl"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1">9
Deer Park Drive</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_906_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine2_c20211101__20220131_z3alTqwW4Ws3"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine2">Suite K-1</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_906_edei--EntityAddressCityOrTown_c20211101__20220131_zhIin0qYQN15"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" name="dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown">Monmouth
Junction</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_90C_edei--EntityAddressStateOrProvince_c20211101__20220131_z0u9lUwwVUR7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" name="dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince">New Jersey</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_905_edei--CityAreaCode_c20211101__20220131_zpKj73XFPaz6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" name="dei:CityAreaCode">(609</ix:nonNumeric></span>)
<span id="xdx_900_edei--LocalPhoneNumber_c20211101__20220131_zi9ix4IIyTLe"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber">452-9813</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>(Address,
including zip code and telephone number,</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>including
area code, of registrant&#8217;s principal executive offices)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Kenneth
Berlin</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>President
and Chief Executive Officer</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_90F_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine1_c20211101__20220131__dei--EntityAddressesAddressTypeAxis__dei--BusinessContactMember_zUPrGCfGnLMj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_dei_BusinessContactMember" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1">9
Deer Park Drive</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_909_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine2_c20211101__20220131__dei--EntityAddressesAddressTypeAxis__dei--BusinessContactMember_zlLs8XSOPEV"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_dei_BusinessContactMember" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine2">Suite K-1</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_905_edei--EntityAddressCityOrTown_c20211101__20220131__dei--EntityAddressesAddressTypeAxis__dei--BusinessContactMember_z1tqBSst5ZPf"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_dei_BusinessContactMember" name="dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown">Monmouth
Junction</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_906_edei--EntityAddressStateOrProvince_c20211101__20220131__dei--EntityAddressesAddressTypeAxis__dei--BusinessContactMember_z0v92ejbmySf"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_dei_BusinessContactMember" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" name="dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince">New Jersey</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_909_edei--CityAreaCode_c20211101__20220131__dei--EntityAddressesAddressTypeAxis__dei--BusinessContactMember_zr4NxU3c62W2"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_dei_BusinessContactMember" name="dei:CityAreaCode">(609)</ix:nonNumeric></span>
<span id="xdx_906_edei--LocalPhoneNumber_c20211101__20220131__dei--EntityAddressesAddressTypeAxis__dei--BusinessContactMember_zCZG99VYq3i7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_dei_BusinessContactMember" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber">452-9813</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>(Name,
address, including zip code and telephone number,</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>including
area code, of agent for service)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>With
copies to:</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 49%"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Justin
                                            W. Chairman, Esq.</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Morgan,
    Lewis &amp; Bockius LLP</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>1701
    Market Street</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Philadelphia,
    Pennsylvania 19103</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Telephone:
    (215) 963-5000</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Facsimile:
    (215) 963-5001</b></span></p></td>
    <td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 49%"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ron
                                            Ben-Bassat, Esq.</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Eric
    Victorson, Esq.</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Sullivan
    &amp; Worcester LLP</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>1633
    Broadway</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>New
    York, New York 10019</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Telephone:
    (212) 660-5003</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Facsimile:
    (212) 660-3000</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Approximate
date of commencement of proposed sale to the public</b>: As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the
Securities Act of 1933 check the following box: &#9746;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the
following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same
offering. &#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the
Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. &#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the
Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. &#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company,
or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of &#8220;large accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;smaller
reporting company,&#8221; and &#8220;emerging growth company&#8221; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 34%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Large
    accelerated filer &#9744;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 33%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 33%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accelerated
    filer &#9744;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90F_edei--EntityFilerCategory_c20211101__20220131_zteS3sKRN9S7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt-sec:entityfilercategoryen" name="dei:EntityFilerCategory">Non-accelerated
                                            filer</ix:nonNumeric></span> &#9746;</span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Smaller
    reporting company <span id="xdx_900_edei--EntitySmallBusiness_c20211101__20220131_zZQozoQMkRWg"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:booleantrue" name="dei:EntitySmallBusiness">&#9746;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Emerging
    growth company <span id="xdx_900_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20211101__20220131_zQIDVQ0cEXb9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. &#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>The
Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the
Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective
in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act, or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the
Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 4pt solid">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #E4002B">The
information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration
statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus shall not constitute an offer to
sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer,
solicitation or sale would be unlawful.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 45%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt; color: #E4002B"><b>PRELIMINARY
    PROSPECTUS</b></span></td>
    <td style="border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; width: 55%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt; color: #E4002B"><b>SUBJECT
    TO COMPLETION, DATED MAY 12, 2022</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><img src="logo_001.jpg" alt="" style="height: 87px; width: 400px" /></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ADVAXIS,
INC.</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;
Shares of Common Stock and Warrants to Purchase</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;
Shares of Common Stock</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>$
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;per share </b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt">We
are offering &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; shares of common stock, $0.001 par value, and warrants
(&#8220;Common Stock Purchase Warrants&#8221;) to purchase &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;shares of common stock
pursuant to this prospectus. Each whole Common Stock Purchase Warrant is exercisable to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise
price of $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;, &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;will &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;be exercisable upon issuance and will expire &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;years
from the date of issuance. The shares of common stock and the Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be issued and sold to purchasers in
the ratio of one-to-one.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt">The
shares of common stock and the accompanying Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be sold in units (each, a &#8220;common stock unit&#8221;
or the &#8220;units&#8221;), with each common stock unit consisting of one share of common stock and one Common Stock Purchase Warrant
to purchase one share of our common stock. The shares of common stock and Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be immediately separable
on issuance. Each common stock unit will be sold at a price of $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; per common stock unit.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt">We
have applied to list our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market (&#8220;Nasdaq&#8221;) under the symbol &#8220;ADXS&#8221;. Although
we believe that as of the consummation of this offering, we will meet the listing criteria for listing of our common stock on Nasdaq,
there is no assurance that our application will be approved. On March 31, 2022, our stockholders approved a proposal giving our board
of directors the authorization to effect a reverse split (the &#8220;reverse split&#8221;) of our outstanding shares of common stock
at a specific ratio within a range of one-for-twenty to one-for-eighty (or any number in between), with the exact ratio to be set within
such range in the discretion of our board of directors without further approval or authorization of our stockholders, with our board
of directors having the ultimate discretion as to whether or not to proceed with the reverse split. Our board of directors has approved
the reverse split at a ratio of one-for- &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;in connection with this offering
and our intended listing of the shares of our common stock on Nasdaq, effective concurrently with the consummation of this offering.
Prior to this offering, our common stock has traded on the OTCQX<sup>&#174;</sup> Best Market under the symbol &#8220;ADXS.&#8221; As
of May 6, 2022, the last reported sale price of our common stock was $0.082 per share, which giving effect to the anticipated
one-for- &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;reverse split equates to $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;per
share. The Common Stock Purchase Warrants will not be listed on any national securities exchange or other nationally recognized trading
system.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 12pt"><b>Investing
in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should read this entire prospectus carefully, including the section entitled &#8220;Risk
Factors&#8221; beginning on page 4.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 9pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-size: 9pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-size: 9pt">Per
                                            Common</span></p>
                                                                  <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-size: 9pt">Stock
                                            Unit</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-size: 9pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-size: 9pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-size: 9pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-size: 9pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%"><span style="font-size: 11pt">Public offering price</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">Underwriting discount and commissions</span></td><td><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt">$</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt">$</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">Proceeds, before expenses, to us</span></td><td><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt">$</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt">$</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin: 0pt auto; width: 30%"><div style="border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 12pt"><b>Neither
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin: 0pt auto; width: 30%"><div style="border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt">We
have granted the underwriter an option, exercisable within 45 days after the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;
additional shares of our common stock and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants upon the same terms and conditions as the shares offered
by this prospectus to cover over-allotments, if any.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 11pt">The
underwriter expects to deliver the securities to purchasers on or about &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;,
2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Sole
Book-Running Manager</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>A.G.P.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>The
date of this prospectus is &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;, 2022.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>









<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>TABLE
OF CONTENTS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 0.5in; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Page</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#ag_003">Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements</a></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">ii</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#ag_001">Prospectus Summary</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#ag_002">Risk Factors</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">4</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#z_001">Use of Proceeds</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">32</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#z_002">Information Regarding Our Common Stock</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">33</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#z_003">Dividend Policy</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">34</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#z_004">Capitalization</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">35</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#z_005">Dilution</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">36</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#z_006">Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">37</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#z_007">Business</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">47</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sur_002">Management</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">69</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sur_004">Executive Compensation</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">74</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sur_006">Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">78</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sur_008">Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions, Director Independence</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">80</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sur_009">Description of Securities</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">81</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sur_010">Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations for Non-U.S. Holders of Common Stock</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">84</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sur_011">Underwriting</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">85</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sur_012">Legal Matters</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">87</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sur_013">Experts</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">87</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sur_014">Where You Can Find More Information</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">87</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><a href="#zzz_001"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Index to Financial Statements</span></a></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-1</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are responsible for the information contained in this prospectus and in any free-writing prospectus we prepare or authorize. We have
not, and the underwriter has not, authorized anyone to provide you with different information, and we take no responsibility for any
other information others may give you. We are not, and the underwriter is not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction
where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate as of any
date other than the date on the cover page of this prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects
may have changed since that date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Some
of the industry and market data contained in this prospectus are based on independent industry publications or other publicly available
information, while other information is based on our internal sources. Although we believe that each source is reliable as of its respective
date, the information contained in such sources has not been independently verified, and neither we nor the underwriter can assure you
as to the accuracy or completeness of this information.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
investors outside the United States: We have not, and the underwriter has not, done anything that would permit this offering or possession
or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons
outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating
to, the offering of the shares of common stock and Common Stock Purchase Warrants and the distribution of this prospectus outside the
United States.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>TRADEMARKS,
TRADE NAMES AND SERVICE MARKS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference contain references to our trademarks and to trademarks belonging to other entities.
Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus, including logos, artwork and other visual displays,
may appear without the &#174; or TM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to
the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the rights of the applicable licensor to these trademarks and trade names. We
do not intend our use or display of other companies&#8217; trade names or trademarks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or
sponsorship of us by, any other companies.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3; Options: NewSection; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: LowerRoman; Name: PageNo -->i<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span id="ag_003"></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>CAUTIONARY
STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain
statements in this prospectus may constitute &#8220;forward-looking statements&#8221; for purposes of the federal securities laws. Our
forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding our or our management team&#8217;s expectations, hopes,
beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future. In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations
of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. The words &#8220;anticipate,&#8221;
&#8220;believe,&#8221; &#8220;contemplate,&#8221; &#8220;continue,&#8221; &#8220;could,&#8221; &#8220;estimate,&#8221; &#8220;expect,&#8221;
&#8220;intends,&#8221; &#8220;may,&#8221; &#8220;might,&#8221; &#8220;plan,&#8221; &#8220;possible,&#8221; &#8220;potential,&#8221; &#8220;predict,&#8221;
&#8220;project,&#8221; &#8220;should,&#8221; &#8220;will,&#8221; &#8220;would&#8221; and similar expressions may identify forward-looking
statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. Forward-looking statements in this
prospectus may include, for example, statements about:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    success and timing of our clinical trials, including patient accrual;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approval and/or reimbursement of our product candidates for marketing;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to obtain the appropriate labeling of our products under any regulatory approval;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    plans to develop and commercialize our products;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    successful development and implementation of future sales and marketing campaigns;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    change of key scientific or management personnel;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    size and growth of the potential markets for our product candidates and our ability to serve those markets;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to successfully compete in the potential markets for our product candidates, if commercialized;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">regulatory
    developments in the United States and foreign countries;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    rate and degree of market acceptance of any of our product candidates;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">new
    products, product candidates or new uses for existing products or technologies introduced or announced by our competitors and the
    timing of these introductions or announcements;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">market
    conditions in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    available cash;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    accuracy of our estimates regarding expenses, future revenues, capital requirements and needs for additional financing;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to obtain additional funding;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    outcomes from our review of strategic transactions and options to maximize stockholder value;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    ability of our product candidates to successfully perform in clinical trials and to resolve any clinical holds that may occur;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to obtain and maintain approval of our product candidates for trial initiation;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to manufacture and the performance of third-party manufacturers;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to identify license and collaboration partners and to maintain existing relationships;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    performance of our clinical research organizations, clinical trial sponsors and clinical trial investigators, and collaboration partners
    for any clinical trials we conduct;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to successfully implement our strategy; </span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to maintain the listing of the shares of our common stock on the OTCQX<sup>&#174;</sup> Best Market (&#8220;OTCQX&#8221;), from which we received a notification on May 10, 2022 that by virtue
of closing below $0.10 for more than 30 consecutive calendar days, our common stock no longer meets the Standards for Continued Qualification
for the OTCQX U.S. tier, and that if we do not regain qualification by November 7, 2022, our common stock will be moved from OTCQX to
the OTC Pink market;
    and</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to meet Nasdaq listing requirements, have our listing application accepted by Nasdaq and maintain our listing on Nasdaq.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
list is only an example of the risks that may affect the forward-looking statements. If any of these risks or uncertainties materialize
or fail to materialize, or if the underlying assumptions are incorrect, then actual results may differ materially from those projected
in the forward-looking statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additional
factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in the forward-looking statements include, without
limitation, those discussed elsewhere in this prospectus. It is important not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements,
which reflect our analysis, judgment, belief or expectation only as of the date of this prospectus. We undertake no obligation to publicly
revise these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date of this prospectus.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 4; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: LowerRoman; Name: PageNo -->ii<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<div style="border: Black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.1in; padding-left: 0.1in">

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span id="ag_001"></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>This
summary highlights information contained elsewhere or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and does not contain all of the information
that you should consider in making your investment decision. Before investing in our common stock, purchase warrants or pre-funded warrants,
you should read the entire prospectus carefully, including the section entitled &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; and the information in our
filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;), incorporated by reference in this prospectus. Unless
the context otherwise requires, we use the terms &#8220;Advaxis,&#8221; &#8220;the Company,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;us,&#8221;
&#8220;our&#8221; and similar designations in this prospectus to refer to Advaxis, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries.</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Overview</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization of proprietary <i>Lm</i> Technology antigen
delivery products based on a platform technology that utilizes live attenuated <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, or <i>Lm</i>, bioengineered
to secrete antigen/adjuvant fusion proteins. These Lm-based strains are believed to be a significant advancement in immunotherapy as
they integrate multiple functions into a single immunotherapy by accessing and directing antigen-presenting cells (&#8220;APCs&#8221;)
to stimulate anti-tumor T cell immunity, stimulate and activate the innate immune system with the equivalent of multiple adjuvants, and
simultaneously reduce tumor protection in the tumor micro-environment, or TME, to enable the T cells to attack tumor cells.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
believe that its current pipeline evaluating off-the shelf, neoantigen-directed immunotherapies (i.e., our HOT program) can address significant
unmet needs in the current oncology treatment landscape. Specifically, our first drug construct from the HOT program is ADXS-503 (HOT
Lung), which has been designed to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and has the potential to optimize checkpoint inhibitors&#8217;
performance in NSCLC, while having a generally well-tolerated safety profile. On July 15, 2021, the Company announced the initiation
of a Phase 1 clinical study evaluating the second drug construct from our HOT program, ADXS-504 (HOT Prostate), in patients with biochemically
recurrent prostate cancer. The study, being conducted at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, is the first clinical evaluation
of ADXS-504 for the treatment of early prostate cancer.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have completed and closed out clinical studies of <i>Lm</i> Technology immunotherapies in several program areas including the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Human
    Papilloma Virus (&#8220;HPV&#8221;) associated cancers</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Personalized
    neoantigen-directed therapies</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Prostate-specific
    antigen (&#8220;PSA&#8221;) directed therapy</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">While
we have been winding down clinical studies of <i>Lm</i> Technology immunotherapies in these program areas, our license agreements continue
with OS Therapies, LLC for ADXS-HER2 and with Global BioPharma, or GBP, for the exclusive license for the development and commercialization
of ADXS-HPV or AXAL in Asia, Africa, and the former USSR territory, exclusive of India and certain other countries.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Proposed
Changes to Our Capital Structure</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Proposed
Reverse Stock Split</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 31, 2022, we received the approval of the requisite number of holders of the shares of our common stock to amend our Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation, or Charter, to effect a reverse split of the shares of our common stock at a ratio of one-for-twenty
to one-for-eighty (or any number in between), with the exact ratio to be set within such range in the discretion of our board of directors
without further approval or authorization of our stockholders, with our board of directors having the ultimate discretion as to whether
or not to proceed with the reverse split. Our board of directors has determined that, concurrently with the closing of this offering,
the shares of our common stock then outstanding will be subject to a reverse split on a one-for -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; basis.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Corporate
Information</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
were organized as a corporation under the laws of the State of Delaware.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Throughout
this prospectus, we refer to various service marks and trade names that we use in our business. Other trademarks and service marks appearing
in this prospectus are the property of their respective holders.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
this prospectus, the terms &#8220;Advaxis,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;us,&#8221; &#8220;our&#8221; and &#8220;the Company&#8221;
refer to Advaxis, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
principal executive offices are located at 9 Deer Park Drive, Suite K-1, Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852 and our telephone number
is (609) 452-9813. Our website address is <i>www.advaxis.com</i>. The information contained therein or connected thereto shall not be
deemed to be incorporated into this prospectus or the registration statement of which it forms a part.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</div>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 5; Options: NewSection; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->1<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<div style="border: Black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.1in; padding-left: 0.1in">

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>The
Offering</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 35%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
    stock offered by us</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 63%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Shares</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
    Stock Units</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    shares of common stock and accompanying Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be sold in units, with each unit consisting of one share
    of common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of common stock. Each common stock unit will be sold at a price of $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; per unit.
    The common stock units will be separable immediately upon issuance.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
    Stock Purchase Warrants offered by us</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
    Stock Purchase Warrants to purchase an aggregate of shares of common stock. Each Common Stock Purchase Warrant will have an exercise
    price of $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; per share, will be immediately exercisable and will expire on the&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;
    anniversary of the original issuance date. The shares of common stock and Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be issued separately
    and will be immediately separable upon issuance. This prospectus also relates to the offering of the shares of common stock issuable
    upon exercise of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants. For additional information, see &#8220;Description of Securities &#8212; Common
    Stock Purchase Warrants to be Issued as Part of this Offering&#8221; on page 82 of this prospectus.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
                                            stock outstanding</span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">immediately
    after this offering</span></p></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;shares<sup>(1)</sup></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Use
    of proceeds</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    proceeds from the sale of securities offered by this prospectus will be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes.
    See &#8220;Use of Proceeds.&#8221;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over-the-Counter
                                            Bulletin Board</span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">trading
    symbol</span></p></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8220;ADXS&#8221;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proposed
    Nasdaq Capital Market trading symbol</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    have applied to list our common stock on Nasdaq under the symbol &#8220;ADXS&#8221;. Although we believe that as of the consummation
    of this offering, we will meet the listing criteria for listing of our common stock on Nasdaq, there is no assurance that our application
    will be approved.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No
    Listing of Warrants</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    do not intend to apply for listing of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants on any national securities exchange or trading system.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risk
    factors</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
                                            &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; beginning on page 4 for a discussion of factors you should carefully
                                            consider before deciding to invest in our securities.</span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)
The number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after this offering is based on 145,638,459 shares outstanding as of
May 6, 2022 and excludes:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
  <td style="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</td>
  <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares issuable pursuant to the underwriter&#8217;s over-allotment
option; and that, concurrently with the closing of this offering, the shares of our common stock then outstanding will be </span></td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
  <td style="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</td>
  <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">subject to a reverse split
  on a one-for -&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; basis.</span></td></tr>
</table>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unless
otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus reflects or assumes: (i) no exercise of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants; and
(ii) no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to an additional shares of common stock and/or Common Stock Purchase
Warrants in this offering.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</div>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 6; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->2<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<div style="border: Black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.1in; padding-left: 0.1in">

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>SUMMARY
OF RISK FACTORS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Our
business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, any one of which could materially adversely affect our results of operations,
financial condition or business. These risks include, but are not limited to, those listed below. This list is not complete, and should
be read together with the section titled &#8220;<i>Risk Factors</i>&#8221; below: </b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    have incurred significant losses since our inception and anticipate that we will continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future.</span></td>
    </tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    will require additional capital to fund our operations and if we fail to obtain necessary financing, we will not be able to complete
    the development and commercialization of our product candidates.</span></td>
    </tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    are significantly dependent on the success of our <i>Lm</i> Technology platform and our product candidates based on this platform.</span></td>
    </tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
    we are unable to establish, manage or maintain strategic collaborations in the future, our revenue and drug development may be limited.</span></td>
    </tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    are subject to certain U.S. and foreign anti-corruption, anti-money laundering, export control, sanctions and other trade laws and
    regulations. We can face serious consequences for violations.</span></td>
    </tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    need to attract and retain highly skilled personnel; we may be unable to effectively manage growth with our limited resources.</span></td>
    </tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    depend upon our senior management and key consultants and their loss or unavailability could put us at a competitive disadvantage.</span></td>
    </tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    biotechnology and immunotherapy industries are characterized by rapid technological developments and a high degree of competition.
    We may be unable to compete with more substantial enterprises.</span></td>
    </tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
    a matter of course, we are reviewing strategic transactions for our company. We may not be successful in identifying or completing
    any strategic transaction and any such strategic transaction completed may not yield additional value for stockholders.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    can provide no assurance that our clinical product candidates will obtain regulatory approval or that the results of clinical studies
    will be favorable.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Drug
    discovery and development is a complex, time-consuming and expensive process that is fraught with risk and a high rate of failure.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    may face legal claims; legal disputes are expensive and we may not be able to afford the costs.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    can provide no assurance of the successful and timely development of new products.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    employees, independent contractors, consultants, commercial partners, principal investigators, or CROs may engage in misconduct or
    other improper activities, including noncompliance with regulatory standards and requirements, which could have a material adverse
    effect on our business.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    must comply with significant government regulations.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ongoing
    healthcare legislative and regulatory reform measures may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    rely upon patents to protect our technology. We may be unable to protect our intellectual property rights and we may be liable for
    infringing the intellectual property rights of others.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
    you purchase common stock in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution in the book value of your investment.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    price of the shares of our common stock may be volatile.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
    limited public trading market may cause volatility in the price of the shares of our common stock.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    may be at an increased risk of securities litigation, which is expensive and could divert management attention<b>.</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    certificate of incorporation, bylaws and Delaware law have anti-takeover provisions that could discourage, delay or prevent a change
    in control, which may cause our stock price to decline.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

</div>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 7; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->3<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span id="ag_002"></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>RISK
FACTORS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Investing
in the shares of our common stock and our Common Stock Warrants involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks
and uncertainties described below together with all of the other information contained in this prospectus before deciding to invest in
the shares of our common stock and our Common Stock Warrants. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, prospects, operating
results and financial condition could suffer materially. In such event, the trading price of the shares of our common stock could decline
and you might lose all or part of your investment. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional
risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also adversely affect our business.
Certain statements below are forward-looking statements. See &#8220;Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements&#8221;
in this prospectus.</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Risks
Related to Our Financial Position, Capital Needs and Strategic Considerations</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
have incurred significant losses since our inception and anticipate that we will continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are a clinical-stage biotechnology company. Investment in biotechnology product development is highly speculative because it entails
substantial upfront capital expenditures and significant risk that a product candidate will fail to gain regulatory approval or become
commercially viable. We have not generated any revenue from product sales to date, and we continue to incur significant development and
other expenses related to our ongoing operations. As a result, we are not profitable and have incurred losses in each period since our
inception.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
expect to continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future, and we expect these losses to increase as we continue our development
of, and seek regulatory approvals for, our product candidates, and begin to commercialize any approved products. We may encounter unforeseen
expenses, difficulties, complications, delays and other unknown factors that may adversely affect our business. The size of our future
net losses will depend, in part, on the rate of future growth of our expenses and our ability to generate revenues. If any of our product
candidates fails in clinical studies or do not gain regulatory approval, or if approved, fails to achieve market acceptance, we may never
become profitable. Even if we achieve profitability in the future, we may not be able to sustain profitability in subsequent periods.
Our prior losses and expected future losses have had and will continue to have an adverse effect on our stockholders&#8217; (deficit)
equity and working capital.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
will require additional capital to fund our operations and if we fail to obtain necessary financing, we will not be able to complete
the development and commercialization of our product candidates.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
research and development of our products has consumed substantial amounts of cash since inception. We expect to continue to invest in
advancing the clinical development of our product candidates and to commercialize any product candidates for which we receive regulatory
approval. As of January 31, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of $36.5 million. We will require additional capital for the further
development of our product candidates. We are pursuing various ways to support our development efforts including debt and/or equity financing
as well as targeting potential collaborators of our products.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
cannot be certain that additional funding will be available on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital
in sufficient amounts or on terms acceptable to us we may have to significantly delay, scale back or discontinue the development or commercialization
of one or more of our products or product candidates or one or more of our other research and development initiatives. Our forecast of
the period of time through which our financial resources will be adequate to support our operations is a forward-looking statement and
involves risks and uncertainties, and actual results could vary as a result of a number of factors, including the factors discussed elsewhere
in this &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; section. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could utilize
our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. Our future funding requirements, both near and long-term, will depend
on many factors, including, but not limited to:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    progress, timing, costs and results of the clinical studies underway;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 8; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->4<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">future
    clinical development plans we establish for our product candidates;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    number and characteristics of product candidates that we develop or may in-license;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    outcome, timing and cost of meeting regulatory requirements established by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, and comparable
    foreign regulatory authorities, including the potential for the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities to require that
    we perform more studies than those that we currently expect;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    cost of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing our patent claims and other intellectual property rights;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    cost of defending intellectual property disputes, including patent infringement actions brought by third parties against us or our
    product candidates;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    effect of competing technological and market developments;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    cost and timing of completion of commercial-scale outsourced manufacturing activities; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    cost of establishing sales, marketing and distribution capabilities for any product candidates for which we may receive regulatory
    approval in regions where we choose to commercialize our products on our own.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>As
we recently announced in connection with the termination of the Merger Agreement for our planned merger with Biosight, we are continuing
to explore options to maximize stockholder value, including reviewing strategic transactions for our company. We may not be successful
in identifying or completing any strategic transaction and any such strategic transaction completed may not yield additional value for
stockholders.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
December 2021, we announced that we had terminated our merger agreement with Biosight. We also announced in December 2021 that we plan
to continue to explore additional options to maximize stockholder value. As such, we are reviewing strategic transactions and alternatives.
However, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in identifying or completing any strategic transactions, that any such
strategic transaction will result in additional value for our stockholders or that the process will not have an adverse impact on our
business. These transactions could include, but are not limited to, collaboration agreements, co-development agreements, strategic mergers,
reverse mergers, the issuance of securities (in addition to this offering) or buyback of public shares, or the purchase, in-license or
out-license or sale of specific assets, in addition to other potential actions aimed at increasing stockholder value. There can be no
assurance that the review of strategic transactions will result in the identification or consummation of any transaction. Our Board of
Directors may also determine that our most effective strategy is to continue to effectuate our current business plan. The process of
reviewing strategic transactions may be time consuming and disruptive to our business operations and, if we are unable to effectively
manage the process, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. We could incur substantial
expenses associated with identifying and evaluating potential strategic alternatives. No decision has been made with respect to any transaction
and we cannot assure you that we will be able to identify and undertake any transaction that allows our shareholders to realize an increase
in the value of their shares of common stock or provide any guidance on the timing of such action, if any.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
also cannot assure you that any potential strategic transaction or other alternative transaction, if identified, evaluated and consummated,
will provide greater value to our stockholders than that reflected in the current price of the shares of our common stock. Any potential
transaction would be dependent upon a number of factors that may be beyond our control, including, but not limited to, market conditions,
industry trends, the interest of third parties in our business and the availability of financing to potential buyers on reasonable terms.
We do not intend to comment regarding the evaluation of strategic alternatives until such time as our Board of Directors has determined
the outcome of the process or otherwise has deemed that disclosure is appropriate or required by applicable law. As a consequence, perceived
uncertainties related to our future may result in the loss of potential business opportunities and volatility in the market price of
the shares of our common stock and may make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified personnel and business partners.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Risks
Related to Our Business, Industry and Strategy</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
are a clinical stage company.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are a clinical stage biotechnology company with a history of losses and can provide no assurance as to future operating results. As a
result of losses that will continue throughout our clinical stage, we may exhaust our financial resources and be unable to complete the
development of our products. We anticipate that we will continue to incur significant operational costs as we execute on our clinical
development strategy. Our deficit will continue to grow during our drug development period.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 9; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->5<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have sustained losses from operations in each fiscal year since our inception, and we expect losses to continue for the foreseeable future
due to our substantial investment in research and development. As of January 31, 2022, we had an accumulated deficit of $429.0 million
and stockholders&#8217; equity of $38.5 million. We expect to spend substantial additional sums on the continued administration and research
and development of proprietary products and technologies with no certainty that our immunotherapies will become commercially viable or
profitable as a result of these expenditures. If we fail to raise a significant amount of capital, we may need to significantly curtail
operations or cease operations in the near future. If any of our product candidates fail in clinical trials or does not gain regulatory
approval, we may never become profitable. Even if we achieve profitability in the future, we may not be able to sustain profitability
in subsequent periods.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
are significantly dependent on the success of our Lm Technology platform and our product candidates based on this platform.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have invested, and we expect to continue to invest, significant efforts and financial resources in the development of product candidates
based on our <i>Lm</i> Technology. Our ability to generate meaningful revenue, which may not occur for the foreseeable future, if ever,
will depend heavily on the successful development, regulatory approval and commercialization of one or more of these product candidates,
and such regulatory approval and commercialization may never occur.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>The
successful development of immunotherapies is highly uncertain.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Successful
development of immunotherapies is highly uncertain and is dependent on numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control. Immunotherapies
that appear promising in the early phases of development may fail to reach, or be delayed in reaching, the market for several reasons
including:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">preclinical
    study results that may show the immunotherapy to be less effective than desired (e.g., the study failed to meet its primary objectives)
    or to have harmful or problematic side effects;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">clinical
    study results that may show the immunotherapy to be less effective than expected (e.g., the study failed to meet its primary endpoint)
    or to have unacceptable side effects;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">failure
    to receive the necessary regulatory approvals or a delay in receiving such approvals. Among other things, such delays may be caused
    by slow enrollment in clinical studies, length of time to achieve study endpoints, delays in receiving the necessary products or
    supplies for the conduct of clinical or pre-clinical trials, additional time requirements for data analysis, or Biologics License
    Application preparation, discussions with the FDA, an FDA request for additional preclinical or clinical data, FDA delays in inspecting
    manufacturing establishments, failure to receive FDA approval for manufacturing processes or facilities, or unexpected safety or
    manufacturing issues;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">manufacturing
    costs, formulation issues, pricing or reimbursement issues, or other factors that make the immunotherapy uneconomical; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    proprietary rights of others and their competing products and technologies that may prevent the immunotherapy from being commercialized.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Success
in preclinical and early clinical studies does not ensure that large-scale clinical studies will be successful. Clinical results are
frequently susceptible to varying interpretations that may delay, limit or prevent regulatory approvals. The length of time necessary
to complete clinical studies and to submit an application for marketing approval for a final decision by a regulatory authority varies
significantly from one immunotherapy to the next and may be difficult to predict.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 10; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->6<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Even
if our product candidates are approved, they may be subject to limitations on the indicated uses and populations for which they may be
marketed. They may also be subject to other conditions of approval, may contain significant safety warnings, including boxed warnings,
contraindications, and precautions, may not be approved with label statements necessary or desirable for successful commercialization,
or may contain requirements for costly post-market testing and surveillance, or other requirements, including the submission of a REMS,
to monitor the safety or efficacy of the products. If we do not receive FDA approval for, and successfully commercialize our product
candidates, we will not be able to generate revenue from these product candidates in the United States in the foreseeable future, or
at all. Any significant delays in obtaining approval for and commercializing our product candidates will have a material adverse impact
on our business and financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
must rely upon third parties for manufacturing.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
currently have agreements with third party manufacturing facilities for production of many of our immunotherapies for research and development
and testing purposes. We depend on third-party manufacturers to supply all of our clinical materials, but we do not have direct control
over their personnel or operations. Third-party manufacturers must be able to meet our deadlines as well as adhere to quality standards
and specifications. Our reliance on third parties for the manufacturing of our drug substance, investigational new drugs and, in the
future, any approved products, creates a dependency that could severely disrupt our research and development, our clinical testing, and
ultimately our sales and marketing efforts if the source of such supply proves to be unreliable or unavailable. For instance, manufacturers
may experience unforeseen problems, such as material or personnel shortages, temporary or permanent facility closures, or scale up challenges.
If any contracted manufacturing operation is unreliable or unavailable, we may not be able to manufacture clinical drug supplies of our
immunotherapies, and our preclinical and clinical testing programs may not be able to move forward and our entire business plan could
fail. If we are able to commercialize our products in the future, there is no assurance that any third-party manufacturers will be able
to meet commercialized scale production requirements in a timely manner.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
is also no guarantee that our third-party manufacturers will be able to manufacture our product candidates in accordance with Good Manufacturing
Practices (&#8220;cGMPs&#8221;). Poor control of production processes can lead to the introduction of adventitious agents or other contaminants,
or to inadvertent changes in the properties or stability of a product candidate that may not be detectable in final product testing.
If these third-party manufacturers are not able to comply with cGMPs, we may not be able to conduct clinical trials, may need to conduct
additional studies, and may not, eventually, receive and maintain FDA approval for those products. Deviations from manufacturing requirements
may also require remedial measures that may be costly and/or time-consuming for a third party to implement and that may include the temporary
or permanent suspension of a clinical trial or commercial sales or the temporary or permanent closure of a facility. Any such remedial
measures imposed upon or by third parties with whom we contract could materially harm our business. A failure to comply with the applicable
regulatory requirements may also result in regulatory enforcement actions against our manufacturers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">While
we are ultimately responsible for the manufacturing of our product candidates, other than through our contractual arrangements, we have
little control over our manufacturers&#8217; compliance with these regulations and standards. If our manufacturers encounter manufacturing
difficulties, including cGMP compliance, we may need to find alternative manufacturing facilities, which we may not be able to on favorable
terms or at all, and which would significantly impact our ability to develop, obtain and maintain regulatory approval for or market our
product candidates, if approved. Any new manufacturers would need to either obtain or develop the necessary manufacturing know-how, and
obtain the necessary equipment and materials, which may take substantial time and investment. We must also receive FDA approval for the
use of any new manufacturers for commercial supply.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>If
we are unable to establish, manage or maintain strategic collaborations in the future, our revenue and drug development may be limited.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
strategy includes eventual substantial reliance upon strategic collaborations for marketing and commercialization of our clinical product
candidates, and we may rely even more on strategic collaborations for research, development, marketing and commercialization for some
of our immunotherapies. To date, we have been heavily reliant upon third party outsourcing for our clinical trials execution and production
of drug supplies for use in clinical trials. Establishing strategic collaborations is difficult and time-consuming. Our discussions with
potential collaborators may not lead to the establishment of collaborations on favorable terms, if at all. For example, potential collaborators
may reject collaborations based upon their assessment of our financial, clinical, regulatory or intellectual property position. Our current
collaborations, as well as any future new collaborations, may never result in the successful development or commercialization of our
immunotherapies or the generation of sales revenue. To the extent that we have entered or will enter into co-promotion or other collaborative
arrangements, our product revenues are likely to be lower than if we directly marketed and sold any products that we may develop.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 11; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->7<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Management
of our relationships with our collaborators will require:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">significant
    time and effort from our management team;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">financial
    funding to support said collaboration;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">coordination
    of our research and development programs with the research and development priorities of our collaborators; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">effective
    allocation of our resources to multiple projects.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
we continue to enter into research and development collaborations at the early phases of drug development, our success will in part depend
on the performance of our corporate collaborators. We will not directly control the amount or timing of resources devoted by our corporate
collaborators to activities related to our immunotherapies and our collaborations may terminate at any time. Our corporate collaborators
may not commit sufficient resources to our research and development programs or the commercialization, marketing or distribution of our
immunotherapies. If any corporate collaborator fails to commit sufficient resources or terminate their collaborations with us, our preclinical
or clinical development programs related to this collaboration could be delayed or terminated.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Further,
our collaborators may pursue existing or other development-stage products or alternative technologies in preference to those being developed
in collaboration with us. Collaborators may also fail to comply with the applicable regulatory requirements, which may subject them or
us to regulatory enforcement actions. Finally, if we fail to make required milestone or royalty payments to our collaborators or to observe
other obligations in our agreements with them, our collaborators may have the right to terminate those agreements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Changes
in product candidate manufacturing or formulation may result in additional costs or delay.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
an effort to optimize processes and results, it is common that various aspects of the development program, such as manufacturing methods,
manufacturing sites, and formulation, are altered as product candidates are developed from preclinical studies to late-stage clinical
trials toward approval and commercialization. Any of these changes could cause our product candidates to perform differently and affect
the results of planned clinical trials or other future clinical trials conducted with the altered materials. Such changes may also require
additional testing, regulatory disclosure, or prior approval from the FDA. For instance, the FDA may require that we conduct a comparability
study that evaluates the potential differences in the product candidate resulting from the change. Delays in designing and completing
such a study to the satisfaction of the FDA could delay or preclude our development and commercialization plans, and the regulatory approval
of our product candidates. It may also require the repetition of one or more clinical trials, increase clinical trial costs, delay approval
of our product candidates and jeopardize our ability to commence product sales and generate revenue. Any of the foregoing could limit
our future revenues and growth. Any changes would also require that we devote time and resources to manufacturing development, including
with third-party manufacturers, and would also likely require additional testing and regulatory actions on our part, which may delay
the development of our product candidates.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
may incur significant costs complying with environmental laws and regulations.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
and our contracted third parties use hazardous materials, including chemicals and biological agents and compounds that could be dangerous
to human health and safety or the environment. As appropriate, we store these materials and wastes resulting from their use at our or
our outsourced laboratory facility pending their ultimate use or disposal. We contract with a third party to properly dispose of these
materials and wastes. We are subject to a variety of federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the use, generation, manufacture,
storage, handling and disposal of these materials and wastes. Compliance with such laws and regulations may be costly.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 12; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->8<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Additional
laws and regulations governing international operations could negatively impact or restrict our operations.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
we further expand our operations outside of the United States, we must dedicate additional resources to comply with numerous laws and
regulations in each jurisdiction in which we plan to operate. The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or FCPA, prohibits any U.S. individual
or business from paying, offering, authorizing payment or offering anything of value, directly or indirectly, to any foreign official,
political party or candidate for the purpose of influencing any act or decision of the foreign entity in order to assist the individual
or business in obtaining or retaining business. The FCPA also obligates companies whose securities are listed in the United States to
comply with certain accounting provisions requiring the company to maintain books and records that accurately and fairly reflect all
transactions of the corporation, including international subsidiaries, and to devise and maintain an adequate system of internal accounting
controls for international operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Compliance
with the FCPA is expensive and difficult, particularly in countries in which corruption is a recognized problem. In addition, the FCPA
presents particular challenges in the pharmaceutical industry, because, in many countries, hospitals are operated by the government,
and doctors and other hospital employees are considered foreign officials. Certain payments to hospitals in connection with clinical
trials and other work have been deemed to be improper payments to government officials and have led to FCPA enforcement actions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Various
laws, regulations and executive orders also restrict the use and dissemination outside of the United States, or the sharing with certain
non-U.S. nationals, of information classified for national security purposes, as well as certain products and technical data relating
to those products. If we expand our presence outside of the United States, it will require us to dedicate additional resources to comply
with these laws, and these laws may preclude us from developing, manufacturing or selling certain products and product candidates outside
of the United States, which could limit our growth potential and increase our development costs.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
failure to comply with laws governing international business practices may result in substantial civil and criminal penalties and suspension
or debarment from government contracting. The SEC also may suspend or bar issuers from trading securities on U.S. exchanges for violations
of the FCPA&#8217;s accounting provisions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
are subject to certain U.S. and foreign anti-corruption, anti-money laundering, export control, sanctions and other trade laws and regulations.
We can face serious consequences for violations.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Among
other matters, U.S. and foreign anti-corruption, anti-money laundering, export control, sanctions and other trade laws and regulations,
which are collectively referred to as Trade Laws, prohibit companies and their employees, agents, clinical research organizations, legal
counsel, accountants, consultants, contractors and other partners from authorizing, promising, offering, providing, soliciting or receiving,
directly or indirectly, corrupt or improper payments or anything else of value to or from recipients in the public or private sector.
Violations of Trade Laws can result in substantial criminal fines and civil penalties, imprisonment, the loss of trade privileges, debarment,
tax reassessments, breach of contract and fraud litigation, exclusion from public tenders, reputational harm and other consequences.
We have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or government-affiliated hospitals, universities
and other organizations. We plan to engage third parties for clinical trials and/or to obtain necessary permits, licenses, patent registrations
and other regulatory approvals and we can be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of our personnel, agents or partners,
even if we do not explicitly authorize or have prior knowledge of such activities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>If
we use biological materials in a manner that causes injury, we may be liable for damages.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
research and development activities involve the use of biological and hazardous materials. Although we believe our safety procedures
for handling and disposing of these materials complies with federal, state and local laws and regulations, we cannot entirely eliminate
the risk of accidental injury or contamination from the use, storage, handling or disposal of these materials. We do not carry specific
biological waste or pollution liability or remediation insurance coverage, nor do our workers&#8217; compensation, general liability,
and property and casualty insurance policies provide coverage for damages and fines/penalties arising from biological exposure or contamination.
Accordingly, in the event of contamination or injury, we could be held liable for damages or penalized with fines in an amount exceeding
our resources, and our clinical trials or regulatory approvals could be suspended or terminated.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 13; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->9<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
need to attract and retain highly skilled personnel; we may be unable to effectively manage growth with our limited resources.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of April 30, 2022, we had 15 employees, 14 of which were full time employees. Our ability to attract and retain highly skilled personnel
is critical to our operations and expansion. We face competition for these types of personnel from other technology companies and more
established organizations, many of which have significantly larger operations and greater financial, technical, human and other resources
than we have. We may not be successful in attracting and retaining qualified personnel on a timely basis, on competitive terms, or at
all. If we are not successful in attracting and retaining these personnel, or integrating them into our operations, our business, prospects,
financial condition and results of operations will be materially adversely affected. In such circumstances we may be unable to conduct
certain research and development programs, unable to adequately manage our clinical trials and other products, unable to commercialize
any products, and unable to adequately address our management needs.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
depend upon our senior management and key consultants and their loss or unavailability could put us at a competitive disadvantage.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
depend upon the efforts and abilities of our senior executives, as well as the services of several key consultants. The loss or unavailability
of the services of any of these individuals for any significant period of time could have a material adverse effect on our business,
prospects, financial condition and results of operations. We have not obtained, do not own, nor are we the beneficiary of, key-person
life insurance.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>The
biotechnology and immunotherapy industries are characterized by rapid technological developments and a high degree of competition. We
may be unable to compete with more substantial enterprises.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries are characterized by rapid technological developments and a high degree of competition.
As a result, our actual or proposed immunotherapies could become obsolete before we recoup any portion of our related research and development
and commercialization expenses. Competition in the biopharmaceutical industry is based significantly on scientific and technological
factors. These factors include the availability of patent and other protection for technology and products, the ability to commercialize
technological developments and the ability to obtain governmental approval for testing, manufacturing and marketing. We compete with
specialized biopharmaceutical firms in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, as well as a growing number of large pharmaceutical companies
that are applying biotechnology to their operations. Many biopharmaceutical companies have focused their development efforts in the human
therapeutics area, including cancer. Many major pharmaceutical companies have developed or acquired internal biotechnology capabilities
or made commercial arrangements with other biopharmaceutical companies. These companies, as well as academic institutions and governmental
agencies and private research organizations, also compete with us in recruiting and retaining highly qualified scientific personnel and
consultants. Our ability to compete successfully with other companies in the pharmaceutical field will also depend to a considerable
degree on the continuing availability of capital to us.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are aware of certain investigational new products under development or approved products by competitors that are used for the prevention,
diagnosis, or treatment of certain diseases we have targeted for product development. Various companies are developing biopharmaceutical
products that have the potential to directly compete with our immunotherapies even though their approach may be different. The biotechnology
and biopharmaceutical industries are highly competitive, and this competition comes from both biotechnology firms and major pharmaceutical
companies, including companies like: Gritstone, Moderna, BMS, Merck and Neon Therapeutics, among others, each of which is pursuing cancer
vaccines and/or immunotherapies. Many of these companies have substantially greater financial, marketing, and human resources than we
do (including, in some cases, substantially greater experience in clinical testing, manufacturing, and marketing of pharmaceutical products).
We also experience competition in the development of our immunotherapies from universities and other research institutions and compete
with others in acquiring technology from such universities and institutions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, certain of our immunotherapies may be subject to competition from investigational new drugs and/or products developed using
other technologies, some of which have completed numerous clinical trials.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 14; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->10<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>A
global health crisis such as a pandemic, epidemic or outbreak of an infectious disease, such as the novel coronavirus (&#8220;COVID-19&#8221;),
may materially and adversely affect our business and operations.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
COVID-19 pandemic is affecting the United States and global economies and has affected, and may continue to affect, our operations and
those of third parties on which we rely, including by causing disruptions in our raw material supply and the manufacturing of our product
candidates. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the operations of the FDA and other health authorities, which can result
in delays of reviews and approvals, including with respect to our product candidates. The evolving COVID-19 pandemic has, and may continue
to, directly or indirectly affect the pace of enrollment in our clinical trials as patients may avoid or may not be able to travel to
healthcare facilities and physicians&#8217; offices unless due to a health emergency and clinical trial staff can no longer get to the
clinic. Additionally, such facilities and offices have been and may continue to be required to focus limited resources on non-clinical
trial matters, including treatment of COVID-19 patients, thereby decreasing availability, in whole or in part, for clinical trial services.
In addition, employee disruptions and remote working environments related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the federal, state and local responses
to such virus, could materially affect the efficiency and pace with which we work and develop our product candidates and the manufacturing
of our product candidates. In addition, COVID-19 infection of our workforce could result in a temporary disruption in our business activities,
including manufacturing and other functions. Further, while the potential economic impact brought by, and the duration of, the COVID-19
pandemic is difficult to assess or predict, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global financial markets may reduce our ability
to access capital, which could negatively affect our short-term and long-term liquidity. Additionally, the stock market has been unusually
volatile during the COVID-19 outbreak and such volatility may continue. The ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is highly uncertain
and subject to change. We do not yet know the full extent of potential delays or impacts on our business, financing or clinical trial
activities, or on healthcare systems or the global economy as a whole. However, these effects could have a material impact on our liquidity,
capital resources, operations and business and those of the third parties on which we rely.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Risks
Related to Russia &#8211; Ukraine</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
are currently operating in a period of economic uncertainty and capital markets disruption, which has been significantly impacted by
geopolitical instability due to the ongoing military conflict between Russia and Ukraine. Our business, financial condition and results
of operations could be materially adversely affected by any negative impact on the global economy and capital markets resulting from
the conflict in Ukraine or any other geopolitical tensions.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.
and global markets are experiencing volatility and disruption following the escalation of geopolitical tensions and the start of the
military conflict between Russia and Ukraine. On February 24, 2022, a full-scale military invasion of Ukraine by Russian troops was reported.
Although the length and impact of the ongoing military conflict is highly unpredictable, the conflict in Ukraine could lead to market
disruptions, including significant volatility in commodity prices, credit and capital markets, as well as supply chain interruptions.
We are continuing to monitor the situation in Ukraine and globally and assessing its potential impact on our business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additionally,
the recent military conflict in Ukraine has led to sanctions and other penalties being levied by the United States, European Union and
other countries against Russia and Russian nationals. Additional potential sanctions and penalties have also been proposed or threatened.
Russian military actions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect the global economy and financial markets and lead to instability
and lack of liquidity in capital markets, potentially making it more difficult for us to raise additional financing.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Although
our business has not been materially impacted by the ongoing military conflict between Russia and Ukraine to date, it is impossible to
predict the extent to which our operations, or those of our suppliers and manufacturers, will be impacted in the short and long term,
or the ways in which the conflict may impact our business. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market
disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial. Any such disruptions may also magnify the impact of other risks described
in this prospectus.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 15; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->11<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Risks
Related to the Development and Regulatory Approval of Our Product Candidates</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
can provide no assurance that our clinical product candidates will obtain regulatory approval or that the results of clinical studies
will be favorable.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are currently evaluating the safety and efficacy of our product candidates in clinical trials. However, even though the initiation and
conduct of the clinical trials is in accordance with the governing regulatory authorities in each country, as with any investigational
new drug (under an IND in the United States, or the equivalent in countries outside of the United States), we are at risk of a clinical
hold at any time based on the evaluation of the data and information submitted to the governing regulatory authorities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
can be delays in obtaining FDA and/or other necessary regulatory approvals in the United States and in countries outside the United States
for any investigational new drug and failure to receive such approvals would have an adverse effect on the investigational new drug&#8217;s
potential commercial success and on our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations. The time required to obtain
approval by the FDA and non-U.S. regulatory authorities is unpredictable but typically takes many years following the commencement of
clinical trials and depends upon numerous factors, including the substantial discretion of the regulatory authorities. For example, the
FDA or non-U.S. regulatory authorities may disagree with the design or implementation of our clinical trials or study endpoints; or we
may be unable to demonstrate that a product candidate&#8217;s clinical and other benefits outweigh its safety risks. In addition, the
FDA or non-U.S. regulatory authorities may disagree with our interpretation of data from preclinical studies or clinical trials or the
data collected from clinical trials of our product candidates may not be sufficient to support the submission of a BLA or New Drug Application,
or NDA or other submission or to obtain regulatory approval in the United States or elsewhere. The FDA or non-U.S. regulatory authorities
may fail to approve the manufacturing processes or facilities of third-party manufacturers with which we contract for clinical and commercial
supplies; and the approval policies or regulations of the FDA or non-U.S. regulatory authorities may significantly change in a manner
rendering our clinical data insufficient for approval.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the foregoing, approval policies, regulations, or the type and amount of clinical data necessary to gain approval may change
during the course of a product candidate&#8217;s clinical development and may vary among jurisdictions. We have not submitted for nor
obtained regulatory approval for any product candidate in-humans (US &amp; EU) and it is possible that none of our existing product candidates
or any product candidates we may seek to develop in the future will ever obtain regulatory approval.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Drug
discovery and development is a complex, time-consuming and expensive process that is fraught with risk and a high rate of failure.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Product
candidates are subject to extensive pre-clinical testing and clinical trials to demonstrate their safety and efficacy in humans. Conducting
pre-clinical testing and clinical trials is a lengthy, time-consuming and expensive process that takes many years. We cannot be sure
that pre-clinical testing or clinical trials of any of our product candidates will demonstrate the safety, efficacy and benefit-to-risk
profile necessary to obtain marketing approvals. In addition, product candidates that experience success in pre-clinical testing and
early-stage clinical trials will not necessarily experience the same success in larger or late-stage clinical trials, which are required
for marketing approval.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Even
if we are successful in advancing a product candidate into the clinical development stage, before obtaining regulatory and marketing
approvals, we must demonstrate through extensive human clinical trials that the product candidate is safe and effective for its intended
use. Human clinical trials must be carried out under protocols that are acceptable to regulatory authorities and to the independent committees
responsible for the ethical review of clinical studies. There may be delays in preparing protocols or receiving approval for them that
may delay the start or completion of the clinical trials. In addition, clinical practices vary globally, and there is a lack of harmonization
among the guidance provided by various regulatory bodies of different regions and countries with respect to the data that is required
to receive marketing approval, which makes designing global trials increasingly complex. There are a number of additional factors that
may cause our clinical trials to be delayed, prematurely terminated or deemed inadequate to support regulatory approval, such as:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">safety
    issues up to and including patient death (whether arising with respect to trials by third parties for compounds in a similar class
    as tour product or product candidate), inadequate efficacy, or an unacceptable risk-benefit profile observed at any point during
    or after completion of the trials;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">slower
    than expected rates of patient enrollment, which could be due to any number of factors, including failure of our third-party vendors,
    including our CROs, to effectively perform their obligations to us, a lack of patients who meet the enrollment criteria or competition
    from clinical trials in similar product classes or patient populations, or onerous treatment administration requirements;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 16; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->12<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">subjects
    may drop out of our clinical trials, be lost to follow-up at a higher rate than we anticipate, or not comply with the required clinical
    trial procedures;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">we
    may experience delays in reaching, or fail to reach, agreement on acceptable clinical trial contracts or clinical trial protocols
    with prospective trial sites and our CROs;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    cost of clinical trials may be greater than we anticipate or we may have insufficient funds for a clinical trial or to pay the substantial
    FDA user fees;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities may disagree with our study design, including endpoints, our intended indications,
    or our interpretation of data;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    risk of failure of our clinical investigational sites and related facilities, including our suppliers and CROs, to maintain compliance
    with the FDA&#8217;s cGMP and GCP regulations or similar regulations in countries outside of the U.S., including the risk that these
    sites fail to pass inspections by the appropriate governmental authority, which could invalidate the data collected at that site
    or place the entire clinical trial at risk;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    inability to reach agreement or lengthy discussions with the FDA, equivalent regulatory authorities, or ethical review committees
    on trial design that we are able to execute or we may be required to modify our trial design such that studies are impracticable;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">regulators
    may require us to perform additional or unanticipated clinical trials to obtain approval or we may be subject to additional post-marketing
    testing, surveillance, or REMS requirements to maintain regulatory approval;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">FDA
    refusal to accept the data from foreign clinical trial sites, to the extent we use such sites;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">changes
    in laws, regulations, regulatory policy or clinical practices, especially if they occur during ongoing clinical trials or shortly
    after completion of such trials; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">clinical
    trial record keeping or data quality and accuracy issues.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any
deficiency in the design, implementation or oversight of our development programs could cause us to incur significant additional costs,
conduct additional trials, experience significant delays, prevent us from obtaining marketing approval for any product candidate or abandon
development of certain product candidates, any of which could harm our business and cause our stock price to decline.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
may face legal claims; legal disputes are expensive and we may not be able to afford the costs.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may face legal claims involving stockholders, consumers, clinical trial subjects, competitors, regulators and other parties. As described
 in the section entitled &#8220;<i>Business &#8211; Legal Proceedings</i>&#8221; of this prospectus,
we are engaged in legal proceedings. Litigation and other legal proceedings are inherently uncertain, and adverse rulings could occur,
including monetary damages, or an injunction stopping us from engaging in business practices, or requiring other remedies, including,
but not limited to, compulsory licensing of patents.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
costs of litigation or any proceeding, including, but not limited to, those relating to our intellectual property or contractual rights,
could be substantial, even if resolved in our favor. Some of our competitors or financial funding sources have far greater resources
than we do and may be better able to afford the costs of complex litigation. Also, a lawsuit, even if frivolous, will require considerable
time commitments on the part of management, our attorneys and consultants. Defending these types of proceedings or legal actions involve
considerable expense and could negatively affect our financial results. Legal claims may also adversely impact us in other ways, such
as the withdrawal or slower enrollment in or from our clinical trials, regulatory enforcement actions, and negative media attention,
any of which could materially and negatively harm us and our operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 17; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->13<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
can provide no assurance of the successful and timely development of new products.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
immunotherapies are at various stages of development. Further development and extensive testing will be required to determine their technical
feasibility and commercial viability. We will need to complete significant additional clinical trials demonstrating that our product
candidates are safe and effective to the satisfaction of the FDA and other non-U.S. regulatory authorities. The drug approval process
is time-consuming, involves substantial expenditures of resources, and depends upon a number of factors, including the severity of the
illness in question, the availability of alternative treatments, and the risks and benefits demonstrated in the clinical trials. Our
success will depend on our ability to achieve scientific and technological advances and to translate such advances into licensable, FDA-approvable,
commercially competitive products on a timely basis. Failure can occur at any stage of the process. If such programs are not successful,
we may invest substantial amounts of time and money without developing revenue-producing products. As we enter a more extensive clinical
program for our product candidates, the data generated in these studies may not be as compelling as the earlier results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
proposed development schedules for our immunotherapies may be affected by a variety of factors, including technological difficulties,
clinical trial failures, regulatory hurdles, clinical holds, competitive products, intellectual property challenges and/or changes in
governmental regulation, many of which will not be within our control. Any delay in the development, introduction or marketing of our
products could result either in such products being marketed at a time when their cost and performance characteristics would not be competitive
in the marketplace or in the shortening of their commercial lives. In light of the long-term nature of our projects, the unproven technology
involved and the other factors described elsewhere in this section, there can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully complete
the development or marketing of any new products which could materially harm our business, results of operations and prospects.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Our
research and development expenses are subject to uncertainty.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Factors
affecting our research and development expenses include, but are not limited to:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">competition
    from companies that have substantially greater assets and financial resources than we have;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">need
    for market acceptance of our immunotherapies if we receive regulatory approval;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ability
    to anticipate and adapt to a competitive market and rapid technological developments;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ability
    to raise sufficient capital to fund our research and development activities;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">amount
    and timing of operating costs and capital expenditures relating to expansion of our business, operations and infrastructure;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">need
    to rely on multiple levels of outside funding due to the length of drug development cycles and governmental approved protocols associated
    with the pharmaceutical industry; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">dependence
    upon key personnel including key independent consultants and advisors.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
can be no guarantee that our research and development expenses will be consistent from period to period. We may be required to accelerate
or delay incurring certain expenses depending on the results of our studies and the availability of adequate funding.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 18; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->14<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
may be required to suspend or discontinue clinical trials for a number of reasons, which could preclude approval of any of our product
candidates.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
clinical trials may be suspended at any time for a number of reasons. A clinical trial may be suspended or terminated by us, an IRB,
the FDA or other regulatory authorities due to a failure to conduct the clinical trial in accordance with regulatory requirements or
our clinical protocols, presentation or identification of unforeseen safety signals or issues, failure to demonstrate a benefit from
using the investigational drug, changes in governmental regulations or administrative actions, lack of adequate funding to continue the
clinical trial, or for other business-related reasons. For example, in June 2019, we announced that we were closing our AIM2CERV Phase
3 clinical trial with AXAL in cervical cancer due to the delays we incurred as a result of the recent FDA partial clinical hold on the
trial, as well as the estimated cost and time to completion of the trial. Furthermore, the Company has completed the clinical study report
from Part A of the ADXS-NEO study and plans to close its ADXS-NEO program IND as next step. In addition, clinical trials for our product
candidates could be suspended due to adverse side effects. Drug-related side effects could affect patient recruitment or the ability
of enrolled patients to complete the trial or result in potential product liability claims. We may also voluntarily suspend or terminate
our clinical trials if at any time we believe that they present an unacceptable risk to patients or do not demonstrate clinical benefit.
If we elect or are forced to suspend or terminate any clinical trial of any product candidates that we develop, the commercial prospects
of such product candidates will be harmed and our ability to generate product revenues from any of these product candidates will be delayed
or eliminated. Any of these occurrences may significantly harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Preliminary
or interim results of a clinical trial are not necessarily predictive of future or final results.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Interim
or preliminary data from clinical trials that we may conduct may not be indicative of the final results of the trial and are subject
to the risk that one or more of the clinical outcomes may materially change as patient enrollment continues and more patient data become
available. Interim or preliminary data also remain subject to audit and verification procedures that may result in the final data being
materially different from the interim or preliminary data. As a result, interim or preliminary data should be viewed with caution until
the final data are available. Even if our clinical trials are completed as planned, we cannot be certain that their results will support
our proposed indications.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
are subject to numerous risks inherent in conducting clinical trials.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
outsource the management of our clinical trials to third parties. Agreements with CROs, clinical investigators and medical institutions
for clinical testing and data management services, place substantial responsibilities on these parties that, if unmet, could result in
delays in, or termination of, our clinical trials. For example, if any of our clinical trial sites or CROs fail to comply with FDA-approved
good clinical practices, we may be unable to use the data gathered at those sites. If these clinical investigators, medical institutions
or other third parties do not carry out their contractual duties or regulatory obligations or fail to meet expected deadlines, or if
the quality or accuracy of the clinical data they obtain is compromised due to their failure to adhere to our clinical protocols or for
other reasons, our clinical trials may be extended, delayed or terminated, and we may be unable to obtain regulatory approval for, or
successfully commercialize, our agents. We are not certain that we will successfully recruit enough patients to complete our clinical
trials nor that we will reach our primary endpoints. Delays in recruitment, lack of clinical benefit or unacceptable side effects would
delay or prevent the initiation of future development of our agents.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">While
we have agreements governing the activities of such third parties and are responsible for our third party service provider&#8217;s activities
and regulatory compliance, we have limited influence and control over their actual performance and activities and cannot control whether
or not they devote sufficient time and resources to our ongoing clinical, non-clinical, and preclinical programs and cannot control whether
they maintain regulatory compliance. Our third-party service providers may also have relationships with other entities, some of which
may be our competitors, for whom they may also be conducting trials or other therapeutic development activities that could harm our competitive
position.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Agreements
with third parties conducting or otherwise assisting with our clinical or preclinical studies might terminate for a variety of reasons,
including a failure to perform by the third parties. If any of our relationships with these third parties terminate, we may not be able
to enter into arrangements with alternative providers or to do so on commercially reasonable terms. Switching or adding additional third
parties involves additional cost and requires management time and focus. In addition, there is a natural transition period when a new
third party commences work. As a result, if we need to enter into alternative arrangements, it could delay our product development activities
and adversely affect our business. Though we carefully manage our relationships with our third parties, there can be no assurance that
we will not encounter challenges or delays in the future or that these delays or challenges will not have a material adverse impact on
our business, financial condition and prospects, and results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 19; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->15<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
or our regulators may suspend or terminate our clinical trials for a number of reasons. We may voluntarily suspend or terminate our clinical
trials if at any time we believe they present an unacceptable risk to the patients enrolled in our clinical trials or do not demonstrate
clinical benefit. In addition, regulatory agencies may order the temporary or permanent discontinuation of our clinical trials, or place
our products on temporary or permanent hold, at any time if they believe that the clinical trials are not being conducted in accordance
with applicable regulatory requirements or that they present an unacceptable safety risk to the patients enrolled in our clinical trials.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
clinical trial operations are subject to regulatory inspections at any time. If regulatory inspectors conclude that we or our clinical
trial sites are not in compliance with applicable regulatory requirements for conducting clinical trials, we may receive reports of observations
or warning letters detailing deficiencies, and we will be required to implement corrective actions. If regulatory agencies deem our responses
to be inadequate or are dissatisfied with the corrective actions we or our clinical trial sites have implemented, our clinical trials
may be temporarily or permanently discontinued, we may be fined, we or our investigators may be precluded from conducting any ongoing
or any future clinical trials, the government may refuse to approve our marketing applications or allow us to manufacture or market our
products, and we may be criminally prosecuted.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
lengthy approval process as well as the unpredictability of future clinical trial results may result in our failing to obtain regulatory
approval for our product candidates, which would materially harm our business, results of operations and prospects.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Our
employees, independent contractors, consultants, commercial partners, principal investigators, or CROs may engage in misconduct or other
improper activities, including noncompliance with regulatory standards and requirements, which could have a material adverse effect on
our business.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are exposed to the risk of employee and third-party fraud or other misconduct. Misconduct by employees, independent contractors, consultants,
commercial partners, manufacturers, investigators, or CROs could include intentional, reckless, negligent, or unintentional failures
to comply with FDA regulations, comply with applicable fraud and abuse laws, provide accurate information to the FDA, properly calculate
pricing information required by federal programs, comply with federal procurement rules or contract terms, report financial information
or data accurately or disclose unauthorized activities to us. This misconduct could also involve the improper use or misrepresentation
of information obtained in the course of clinical trials, which could result in regulatory sanctions and serious harm to our reputation.
It is not always possible to identify and deter this type of misconduct, and the precautions we take to detect and prevent this activity
may not be effective in controlling unknown or unmanaged risks or losses or in protecting us from governmental investigations or other
actions or lawsuits stemming from a failure to be in compliance with such laws or regulations. Moreover, it is possible for a whistleblower
to pursue a False Claims Act case against us even if the government considers the claim unmeritorious and declines to intervene, which
could require us to incur costs defending against such a claim. Further, due to the risk that a judgment in an FCA case could result
in exclusion from federal health programs or debarment from government contracts, whistleblower cases often result in large settlements.
If any such actions are instituted against us, and we are not successful in defending ourselves or asserting our rights, those actions
could have a significant impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations, including the imposition of significant
fines or other sanctions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
must comply with significant government regulations.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
research and development, manufacturing and marketing of human therapeutic and diagnostic products are subject to regulation, primarily
by the FDA in the United States and by comparable authorities in other countries. These national agencies and other federal, state, local
and foreign entities regulate, among other things, research and development activities (including testing in animals and in humans) and
the testing, manufacturing, handling, labeling, storage, record keeping, approval, distribution, advertising and promotion of the products
that we are developing. If we obtain approval for any of our product candidates, our operations will be directly or indirectly through
our customers, subject to various federal and state fraud and abuse laws, including, without limitation, the federal Anti-Kickback Statue
and the federal False Claims Act, and privacy laws. We, our product candidates, and our products, if we receive marketing approval are
and will continue to be subject to extensive governmental regulation and regulatory authorities do and will continue to closely monitor
our and our contractor&#8217;s compliance through, among other methods, inspections. Noncompliance with applicable laws and requirements
can result in various adverse consequences and regulatory enforcement actions, including delay in approving or refusal to approve product
licenses or other applications, suspension or termination of clinical investigations, revocation of approvals previously granted, fines,
criminal prosecution, civil and criminal penalties, restitution or disgorgement of profits, recall or seizure of products, exclusion
from having our products reimbursed by federal health care programs, the curtailment or restructuring of our operations, corporate integrity
agreements or consent decrees, refusal to permit product import or export, modifications to labeling or promotional materials, issuance
of corrective information, regulatory authority public statements, warning, untitled, or cyber letters, requirements for post-market
studies or REMS, injunctions against shipping products and total or partial suspension of production and/or refusal to allow a company
to enter into governmental supply contracts. Any of these events could prevent us from achieving or maintaining product approval and
market acceptance of the particular product candidate, if approved, or could substantially increase the costs and expenses of developing
and commercializing such product, which in turn could delay or prevent us from generating significant revenues from its sale. Any of
these events could further have other material and adverse effects on our operations and business and could adversely impact our stock
price and could significantly harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 20; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->16<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
process of obtaining requisite FDA approval has historically been costly and time-consuming. Current FDA requirements for a new human
biological product to be marketed in the United States include: (1) the successful conclusion of preclinical laboratory and animal tests,
if appropriate, to gain preliminary information on the product&#8217;s safety; (2) filing with the FDA of an IND to conduct human clinical
trials for drugs or biologics; (3) the successful completion of adequate and well-controlled human clinical trials to establish the safety
and efficacy of the investigational new drug for its recommended use; and (4) filing by a company and acceptance and approval by the
FDA of a BLA for marketing approval of a biologic, to allow commercial distribution of a biologic product. The FDA also requires that
any drug or formulation to be tested in humans be manufactured in accordance with its cGMP regulations. This has been extended to include
any drug that will be tested for safety in animals in support of human testing. The cGMPs set certain minimum requirements for procedures,
record-keeping and the physical characteristics of the laboratories used in the production of these drugs. A delay in one or more of
the procedural steps outlined above could be harmful to us in terms of getting our immunotherapies through clinical testing and to market.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
may not obtain or maintain the benefits associated with orphan drug designation, including market exclusivity.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Although
we have been granted FDA orphan drug designation for AXAL for use in the treatment of anal cancer, HPV-associated head and neck cancer,
Stage II-IV invasive cervical cancer and for ADXS-HER2 for the treatment of osteosarcoma in the United States, as well as EMA orphan
drug designation for AXAL for the treatment of anal cancer and for ADXS-HER2 for the treatment of osteosarcoma in the EU, we may not
receive the benefits associated with orphan drug designation. This may result from a failure to maintain orphan drug status or result
from a competing product reaching the market that has an orphan designation for the same disease indication. Moreover, while orphan drug
designation does provide us with certain advantages, it neither shortens the development time or regulatory review time of a product
candidate nor gives the product candidate any advantage in the regulatory review or approval process.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
U.S. rules for orphan drugs, if such a competing product reaches the market before ours does, if such product is considered by FDA to
be the same as ours, and if such product is intended for the same orphan indication, the competing product could potentially obtain a
scope of market exclusivity that limits or precludes our product from being sold in the United States for seven years unless we can demonstrate
that our product is clinically superior. Even if we obtain exclusivity, the FDA could subsequently approve the same drug for the same
condition if the FDA concludes that the later drug is clinically superior to ours in that it is shown to be safer, more effective or
makes a major contribution to patient care. A competitor also may receive approval of different products for the same indication for
which our orphan product has exclusivity or obtain approval for the same product but for a different indication for which the orphan
product has exclusivity. Moreover, we may not be able to maintain our orphan drug designation or exclusivity and our product candidates
would not be eligible for exclusivity if the approved indication is broader than the orphan drug designation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, if and when we request orphan drug designation in Europe, the European exclusivity period is ten years but can be reduced to
six years if the drug no longer meets the criteria for orphan drug designation or if the drug is sufficiently profitable so that market
exclusivity is no longer justified. Orphan drug exclusivity may be lost if the FDA or EMEA determines that the request for designation
was materially defective or if the manufacturer is unable to assure sufficient quantity of the drug to meet the needs of patients with
the rare disease or condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 21; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->17<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
may incur substantial liabilities from any product liability claims if our insurance coverage for those claims is inadequate.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
face an inherent risk of product liability exposure related to the testing of our immunotherapies in human clinical trials and will face
an even greater risk if the approved products are sold commercially. An individual may bring a liability claim against us if one of the
immunotherapies causes, or merely appears to have caused, an injury. If we cannot successfully defend ourselves against the product liability
claim, we will incur substantial liabilities. Regardless of merit or eventual outcome, liability claims may result in:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">decreased
    demand for our immunotherapies;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">damage
    to our reputation;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">withdrawal
    of clinical trial participants;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">costs
    of related litigation;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">substantial
    monetary awards to patients or other claimants;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">loss
    of revenues;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    inability to commercialize immunotherapies; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">increased
    difficulty in raising required additional funds in the private and public capital markets.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have Product Liability and Clinical Trial Liability insurance coverage for each clinical trial. We do not have product liability insurance
for sold commercial products because we do not have products on the market. We plan to expand such coverage to include the sale of commercial
products if marketing approval is obtained for any of our immunotherapies. However, insurance coverage is increasingly expensive and
we may not be able to maintain insurance coverage at a reasonable cost. Further, we may not be able to obtain insurance coverage that
will be adequate to satisfy any liability that may arise.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
may not receive Fast Track Designation, Breakthrough Therapy Designation or any other designation that we may apply for from the FDA
and, if granted, such designations may not actually lead to a faster development or regulatory review or approval process.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
FDA has granted Fast Track Designation for AXAL for adjuvant therapy for high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer patients, and has
granted Fast Track Designation for ADXS-HER2 for patients with newly-diagnosed, non-metastatic, surgically-resectable osteosarcoma. We
may seek Breakthrough Therapy Designation for our product candidates or Fast Track Designation for certain of our other product candidates.
There is no guarantee, however, that we will be able to obtain or maintain such designations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
FDA has broad discretion whether or not to grant any special designation, so even if we believe one of our product candidates is eligible
for this designation, we cannot assure you that the FDA would decide to grant it. Additionally, even if we do receive a special designation,
we may not experience a faster development process, review or approval compared to conventional FDA procedures. The FDA may also withdraw
the designation if it believes that the designation is no longer supported by data from our clinical development program.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 22; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->18<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>The
results of clinical trials conducted at clinical trial sites outside the United States might not be accepted by the FDA, and data developed
outside of a foreign jurisdiction similarly might not be accepted by such foreign regulatory authority.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Some
of the clinical trials for our product candidates that are being or will be conducted through our partnerships and collaborations may
be conducted outside the United States, and we intend in the future to conduct additional clinical trials outside the United States.
Although the FDA, European Medicines Agency (&#8220;EMA&#8221;) or comparable foreign regulatory authorities may accept data from clinical
trials conducted outside the relevant jurisdiction, acceptance of these data is subject to certain conditions. For example, the FDA requires
that the clinical trial must be well designed and conducted and performed by qualified investigators in accordance with ethical principles
such as IRB or ethics committee approval and informed consent, the trial population must adequately represent the U.S. population, and
the data must be applicable to the U.S. population and U.S. medical practice in ways that the FDA deems clinically meaningful. In addition,
while these clinical trials are subject to the applicable local laws, acceptance of the data by the FDA will be dependent upon its determination
that the trials were conducted consistent with all applicable U.S. laws and regulations. There can be no assurance that the FDA will
accept data from trials conducted outside of the United States as adequate support of a marketing application. Similarly, we must also
ensure that any data submitted to foreign regulatory authorities adheres to their standards and requirements for clinical trials and
there can be no assurance a comparable foreign regulatory authority would accept data from trials conducted outside of its jurisdiction.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Our
relationships with healthcare providers and physicians and third-party payors will be subject to applicable anti-kickback, fraud and
abuse and other healthcare laws and regulations, which could expose us to criminal sanctions, civil penalties, contractual damages, reputational
harm and diminished profits and future earnings.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Healthcare
providers, physicians and third-party payors in the United States and elsewhere play a primary role in the recommendation and prescription
of pharmaceutical products. Arrangements with third-party payors and customers can expose pharmaceutical manufacturers to broadly applicable
fraud and abuse and other healthcare laws and regulations, including, without limitation, the federal Anti-Kickback Statute and the federal
False Claims Act, or FCA, which may constrain the business or financial arrangements and relationships through which such companies sell,
market and distribute pharmaceutical products. In particular, the research of our product candidates, as well as the promotion, sales
and marketing of healthcare items and services, as well as certain business arrangements in the healthcare industry, are subject to extensive
laws designed to prevent fraud, kickbacks, self-dealing and other abusive practices. These laws and regulations may restrict or prohibit
a wide range of pricing, discounting, marketing and promotion, structuring and commission(s), certain customer incentive programs and
other business arrangements generally. Activities subject to these laws also involve the improper use of information obtained in the
course of patient recruitment for clinical trials. The applicable federal, state and foreign healthcare laws and regulations that may
affect our ability to operate include, but are not limited to:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    federal Anti-Kickback Statute, which prohibits, among other things, knowingly and willfully soliciting, receiving, offering or paying
    any remuneration (including any kickback, bribe or rebate), directly or indirectly, overtly or covertly, in cash or in kind, to induce,
    or in return for, either the referral of an individual, or the purchase, lease, order or recommendation of any good, facility, item
    or service for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under a federal healthcare program, such as the Medicare and Medicaid
    programs. A person or entity can be found guilty of violating the statute without actual knowledge of the statute or specific intent
    to violate it. In addition, a claim including items or services resulting from a violation of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute constitutes
    a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the FCA. The Anti-Kickback Statute has been interpreted to apply to arrangements between
    pharmaceutical manufacturers on the one hand and prescribers, purchasers, and formulary managers on the other. There are a number
    of statutory exceptions and regulatory safe harbors protecting some common activities from prosecution;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    federal civil and criminal false claims laws and civil monetary penalty laws, including the FCA, which prohibit, among other things,
    individuals or entities from knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, false or fraudulent claims for payment to, or approval
    by Medicare, Medicaid or other federal healthcare programs, knowingly making, using or causing to be made or used a false record
    or statement material to a false or fraudulent claim or an obligation to pay or transmit money to the federal government, or knowingly
    concealing or knowingly and improperly avoiding or decreasing or concealing an obligation to pay money to the federal government.
    Manufacturers can be held liable under the FCA even when they do not submit claims directly to government payors if they are deemed
    to &#8220;cause&#8221; the submission of false or fraudulent claims. The government may deem manufacturers to have &#8220;caused&#8221;
    the submission of false or fraudulent claims by, for example, providing inaccurate billing or coding information to customers or
    promoting a product off-label. The FCA also permits a private individual acting as a &#8220;whistleblower&#8221; to bring actions
    on behalf of the federal government alleging violations of the FCA and to share in any monetary recovery;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 23; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->19<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, or HIPAA, which created additional federal criminal statutes
    that prohibit knowingly and willfully executing, or attempting to execute, a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program or
    obtain, by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises, any of the money or property owned by, or under the
    custody or control of, any healthcare benefit program, regardless of the payor (e.g., public or private) and knowingly and willfully
    falsifying, concealing or covering up by any trick or device a material fact or making any materially false statements in connection
    with the delivery of, or payment for, healthcare benefits, items or services relating to healthcare matters. Similar to the federal
    Anti-Kickback Statute, a person or entity can be found guilty of violating HIPAA without actual knowledge of the statute or specific
    intent to violate it;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">HIPAA,
    as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009, or HITECH, and their respective implementing
    regulations, which impose, among other things, requirements on certain healthcare providers, health plans and healthcare clearinghouses,
    known as covered entities, as well as their respective business associates, independent contractors that perform services for covered
    entities that involve the use, or disclosure of, individually identifiable health information, relating to the privacy, security
    and transmission of individually identifiable health information. HITECH also created new tiers of civil monetary penalties, amended
    HIPAA to make civil and criminal penalties directly applicable to business associates, and gave state attorneys general new authority
    to file civil actions for damages or injunctions in federal courts to enforce the federal HIPAA laws and seek attorneys&#8217; fees
    and costs associated with pursuing federal civil actions;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    federal Physician Payments Sunshine Act, created under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended, or ACA, and its
    implementing regulations, which require some manufacturers of drugs, devices, biologicals and medical supplies for which payment
    is available under Medicare, Medicaid or the Children&#8217;s Health Insurance Program (with certain exceptions) to report annually
    to the Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services, or CMS, of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or HHS, information
    related to payments or other transfers of value made to physicians (defined to include doctors, dentists, optometrists, podiatrists
    and chiropractors) and teaching hospitals, as well as ownership and investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family
    members; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">analogous
    state and foreign laws and regulations, such as state anti-kickback and false claims laws, which may apply to sales or marketing
    arrangements and claims involving healthcare items or services reimbursed by non-governmental third-party payors, including private
    insurers, and may be broader in scope than their federal equivalents; state and foreign laws that require pharmaceutical companies
    to comply with the pharmaceutical industry&#8217;s voluntary compliance guidelines and the relevant compliance guidance promulgated
    by the federal government or otherwise restrict payments that may be made to healthcare providers; state and foreign laws that require
    drug manufacturers to report information related to payments and other transfers of value to physicians and other healthcare providers,
    marketing expenditures or drug pricing; state and local laws that require the registration of pharmaceutical sales representatives;
    and state and foreign laws governing the privacy and security of health information in certain circumstances, many of which differ
    from each other in significant ways and often are not preempted by HIPAA, thus complicating compliance efforts.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
distribution of pharmaceutical products is subject to additional requirements and regulations, including extensive record-keeping, licensing,
storage and security requirements intended to prevent the unauthorized sale of pharmaceutical products. Pharmaceutical companies may
also be subject to federal consumer protection and unfair competition laws, which broadly regulate marketplace activities and activities
that potentially harm consumers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
scope and enforcement of each of these laws is uncertain and subject to rapid change in the current environment of healthcare reform,
especially in light of the lack of applicable precedent and regulations. Federal and state enforcement bodies continue to closely scrutinize
interactions between healthcare companies and healthcare providers, which has led to a number of investigations, prosecutions, convictions
and settlements in the healthcare industry. Ensuring business arrangements comply with applicable healthcare laws, as well as responding
to possible investigations by government authorities, can be time and resource-consuming and can divert a company&#8217;s attention from
the business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 24; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->20<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">It
is possible that governmental and enforcement authorities will conclude that our business practices may not comply with current or future
statutes, regulations or case law interpreting applicable fraud and abuse or other healthcare laws and regulations. If any such actions
are instituted against us, and we are not successful in defending ourselves or asserting our rights, those actions could have a significant
impact on our business, including the imposition of civil, criminal and administrative penalties, damages, fines, disgorgement, imprisonment,
exclusion from participation in federal and state funded healthcare programs, contractual damages and the curtailment or restricting
of our operations, as well as additional reporting obligations and oversight if we become subject to a corporate integrity agreement
or other agreement to resolve allegations of non-compliance with these laws. Further, if any of the physicians or other healthcare providers
or entities with whom we expect to do business is found to be not in compliance with applicable laws, they may be subject to significant
criminal, civil or administrative sanctions, including exclusions from government funded healthcare programs. Any action for violation
of these laws, even if successfully defended, could cause a biopharmaceutical manufacturer to incur significant legal expenses and divert
management&#8217;s attention from the operation of the business. Prohibitions or restrictions on sales or withdrawal of future marketed
products could materially affect business in an adverse way.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Obtaining
and maintaining regulatory approval of our product candidates in one jurisdiction does not mean that we will be successful in obtaining
regulatory approval of our product candidates in other jurisdictions.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Obtaining
and maintaining regulatory approval of our product candidates in one jurisdiction does not guarantee that we will be able to obtain or
maintain regulatory approval in any other jurisdiction, while a failure or delay in obtaining regulatory approval in one jurisdiction
may have a negative effect on the regulatory approval process in others. For example, even if the FDA grants marketing approval of a
product candidate, the EMA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities must also approve the manufacturing, marketing and promotion
of the product candidate in those countries. Approval procedures vary among jurisdictions and can involve requirements and administrative
review periods different from, and greater than, those in the United States, including additional preclinical studies or clinical trials,
as clinical trials conducted in one jurisdiction may not be accepted by regulatory authorities in other jurisdictions. In many jurisdictions
outside the United States, a product candidate must be approved for reimbursement before it can be approved for sale in that jurisdiction.
In some cases, the price that we intend to charge for our products is also subject to approval.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may also submit marketing applications in other countries. Regulatory authorities in jurisdictions outside of the United States have
requirements for approval of product candidates with which we must comply prior to marketing in those jurisdictions. Obtaining foreign
regulatory approvals and compliance with foreign regulatory requirements could result in significant delays, difficulties and costs for
us and could delay or prevent the introduction of our products in certain countries. If we fail to comply with the regulatory requirements
in international markets and/or receive applicable marketing approvals, our target market will be reduced and our ability to realize
the full market potential of our product candidates will be harmed.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Even
if we receive regulatory approval of any product candidates, we will be subject to ongoing regulatory obligations and continued regulatory
review, which may result in significant additional expense and we may be subject to penalties if we fail to comply with regulatory requirements
or experience unanticipated problems with our product candidates.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
any of our product candidates are approved, they will be subject to ongoing regulatory requirements for manufacturing, labeling, packaging,
storage, advertising, promotion, distribution, sampling, record-keeping, conduct of post-marketing studies and submission of safety,
efficacy and other post-market information, including both federal and state requirements in the United States and requirements of comparable
foreign regulatory authorities. In addition, we will be subject to continued compliance with cGMP and GCP requirements for any clinical
trials that we conduct post-approval.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Manufacturers
and manufacturers&#8217; facilities are required to comply with extensive FDA, EMA and comparable foreign regulatory authority requirements,
including ensuring that quality control and manufacturing procedures conform to cGMP regulations. As such, we and our contract manufacturers
will be subject to continual review and inspections to assess compliance with cGMP and adherence to commitments made in any BLA, other
marketing application and previous responses to inspection observations. Accordingly, we and others with whom we work must continue to
expend time, money and effort in all areas of regulatory compliance, including manufacturing, production and quality control.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 25; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->21<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any
regulatory approvals that we receive for our product candidates may be subject to limitations on the approved indicated uses for which
the product may be marketed or to the conditions of approval, or contain requirements for potentially costly post-marketing testing,
including Phase 4 clinical trials and surveillance to monitor the safety and efficacy of the product candidate. Certain endpoint data
we hope to include in any approved product labeling also may not make it into such labeling, including exploratory or secondary endpoint
data such as patient-reported outcome measures. The FDA may also require a risk evaluation and mitigation strategies, or REMS, program
as a condition of approval of our product candidates, which could entail requirements for long-term patient follow-up, a medication guide,
physician communication plans or additional elements to ensure safe use, such as restricted distribution methods, patient registries
and other risk minimization tools. In addition, if the FDA, EMA or a comparable foreign regulatory authority approves our product candidates,
we will have to comply with requirements including submissions of safety and other post-marketing information and reports and registration.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
FDA may impose consent decrees or withdraw approval if compliance with regulatory requirements and standards is not maintained or if
problems occur after the product reaches the market. Later discovery of previously unknown problems with our product candidates, including
adverse events of unanticipated severity or frequency, or with our third-party manufacturers or manufacturing processes, or failure to
comply with regulatory requirements, may result in revisions to the approved labeling to add new safety information, imposition of post-market
studies or clinical trials to assess new safety risks or imposition of distribution restrictions or other restrictions under a REMS program.
Other potential consequences include, among other things:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">restrictions
    on the marketing or manufacturing of our products, withdrawal of the product from the market or voluntary or mandatory product recalls;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">fines,
    warning letters or holds on clinical trials;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">refusal
    by the FDA to approve pending applications or supplements to approved applications filed by us or suspension or revocation of license
    approvals;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">product
    seizure or detention or refusal to permit the import or export of our product candidates; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">injunctions
    or the imposition of civil or criminal penalties.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
FDA strictly regulates marketing, labeling, advertising and promotion of products that are placed on the market. Products may be promoted
only for the approved indications and in accordance with the provisions of the approved label. The policies of the FDA, EMA and comparable
foreign regulatory authorities may change and additional government regulations may be enacted that could prevent, limit or delay regulatory
approval of our product candidates. We cannot predict the likelihood, nature or extent of government regulation that may arise from future
legislation or administrative action, either in the United States or abroad. If we are slow or unable to adapt to changes in existing
requirements or the adoption of new requirements or policies, or if we are not able to maintain regulatory compliance, we may lose any
marketing approval that we may have obtained and we may not achieve or sustain profitability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Coverage
and reimbursement may be limited or unavailable in certain market segments for our product candidates, if approved, which could make
it difficult for us to sell any product candidates profitably.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
success of our product candidates, if approved, depends on the availability of coverage and adequate reimbursement from third-party payors.
We cannot be sure that coverage and reimbursement will be available for, or accurately estimate the potential revenue from, our product
candidates or assure that coverage and reimbursement will be available for any product that we may develop.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Patients
who are provided medical treatment for their conditions generally rely on third-party payors to reimburse all or part of the costs associated
with their treatment. Coverage and adequate reimbursement from governmental healthcare programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid, and commercial
payors is critical to new product acceptance.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 26; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->22<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Government
authorities and other third-party payors, such as private health insurers and health maintenance organizations, decide which drugs and
treatments they will cover and the amount of reimbursement. Coverage and reimbursement by a third-party payor may depend upon a number
of factors, including the third-party payor&#8217;s determination that use of a product is:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a
    covered benefit under its health plan;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">safe,
    effective and medically necessary;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">appropriate
    for the specific patient;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">cost-effective;
    and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">neither
    experimental nor investigational.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the United States, no uniform policy of coverage and reimbursement for products exists among third-party payors. As a result, obtaining
coverage and reimbursement approval of a product from a government or other third-party payor is a time-consuming and costly process
that could require us to provide to each payor supporting scientific, clinical and cost-effectiveness data for the use of our products
on a payor-by-payor basis, with no assurance that coverage and adequate reimbursement will be obtained. Even if we obtain coverage for
a given product, the resulting reimbursement payment rates might not be adequate for us to achieve or sustain profitability or may require
co-payments that patients find unacceptably high. Additionally, third-party payors may not cover, or provide adequate reimbursement for,
long-term follow-up evaluations required following the use of product candidates, once approved. Patients are unlikely to use our product
candidates, once approved, unless coverage is provided and reimbursement is adequate</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Ongoing
healthcare legislative and regulatory reform measures may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Changes
in regulations, statutes or the interpretation of existing regulations could impact our business in the future by requiring, for example:
(i) changes to our manufacturing arrangements; (ii) additions or modifications to product labeling; (iii) the recall or discontinuation
of our products; or (iv) additional record-keeping requirements. If any such changes were to be imposed, they could adversely affect
the operation of our business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the United States, there have been and continue to be a number of legislative initiatives to contain healthcare costs. For example, in
March 2010, the ACA was passed, which substantially changed the way healthcare is financed by both governmental and private insurers,
and significantly impacted the U.S. biopharmaceutical industry. The ACA, among other things, addressed a new methodology by which rebates
owed by manufacturers under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program are calculated for drugs that are inhaled, infused, instilled, implanted
or injected, increased the minimum Medicaid rebates owed by manufacturers under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program and extended the rebate
program to individuals enrolled in Medicaid managed care organizations, established annual fees and taxes on manufacturers of certain
branded prescription drugs and created a new Medicare Part D coverage gap discount program, in which manufacturers must agree to offer
70% point-of-sale discounts off negotiated prices of applicable brand drugs to eligible beneficiaries during their coverage gap period,
as a condition for the manufacturer&#8217;s outpatient drugs to be covered under Medicare Part D.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Some
of the provisions of the ACA have yet to be fully implemented, while certain provisions have been subject to judicial and Congressional
challenges, as well as efforts by the Trump administration to repeal or replace certain aspects of the ACA. However, following several
years of litigation in the federal courts, in June 2021, the United States Supreme Court upheld the ACA when it dismissed a legal challenge
to the ACA&#8217;s constitutionality. Further legislative and regulatory changes under the ACA remain possible, although the Biden presidential
administration has been taking steps to strengthen the ACA and the 117th Congress is not expected to have the same interest in repealing
the law, in part due to the healthcare economic impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on many subsets of the U.S. population. In addition
to the ACA, there have been and will likely continue to be other federal and state changes that affect the provision of healthcare goods
and services in the United States. While we are unable to predict what changes may ultimately be enacted, to the extent that future changes
affect how our products and services are paid for and reimbursed by government and private payers, our business could be adversely impacted.
Moreover, complying with any new legislation or reversing changes implemented under the ACA could be time-intensive and expensive, resulting
in a material adverse effect on our business. Litigation and legislation over the ACA are likely to continue, with unpredictable and
uncertain results. We will continue to evaluate the effect that the ACA and possible changes and challenges to it has on our business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 27; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->23<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Inadequate
funding for the FDA and other government agencies could hinder their ability to hire and retain key leadership and other personnel, prevent
new products and services from being developed or commercialized in a timely manner or otherwise prevent those agencies from performing
normal business functions on which the operation of our business may rely, which could negatively impact our business.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
ability of the FDA to review and approve new products can be affected by a variety of factors, including government budget and funding
levels, ability to hire and retain key personnel and accept the payment of user fees, and statutory, regulatory, and policy changes.
Average review times at the agency have fluctuated in recent years as a result.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disruptions
at the FDA and other agencies may also slow the time necessary for new drugs to be reviewed and/or approved by necessary government agencies,
which would adversely affect our business. For example, over the last several years, the U.S. government has shut down several times
and certain regulatory agencies, such as the FDA, have had to furlough critical employees and stop critical activities. If a prolonged
government shutdown occurs, it could significantly impact the ability of the FDA to timely review and process our regulatory submissions,
which could have a material adverse effect on our business. Further, upon completion of this offering and in our operations as a public
company, future government shutdowns could impact our ability to access the public markets and obtain necessary capital in order to properly
capitalize and continue our operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Approval
of our product candidates does not ensure successful commercialization and reimbursement.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are not currently marketing our product candidates, nor can we until they are approved; however, we are seeking partnering and commercial
opportunities for our products. We cannot assure you that we will be able to commercialize any of our product candidates ourselves or
find a commercialization partner or that we will be able to agree to acceptable terms with any partner to launch and commercialize our
products.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
commercial success of our product candidates is subject to risks in both the United States and European countries. In addition, in European
countries, pricing and payment of prescription pharmaceuticals is subject to more extensive governmental control than in the United States.
Pricing negotiations with European governmental authorities can take six to 12 months or longer after the receipt of regulatory approval
and product launch. If reimbursement is unavailable in any country in which reimbursement is sought, limited in scope or amount, or if
pricing is set at or reduced to unsatisfactory levels, our ability or any potential partner&#8217;s ability to successfully commercialize
in such a country would be impacted negatively. Furthermore, if these measures prevent us or any potential partner from selling on a
profitable basis in a particular country, they could prevent the commercial launch or continued sale in that country and could adversely
impact the commercialization market opportunity in other countries.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Moreover,
as a condition of approval, the regulatory authorities may require that we conduct post-approval studies. Those studies may reveal new
safety or efficacy findings regarding our drug that could adversely impact the continued commercialization or future market opportunity
in other countries.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, we predominantly rely on a network of suppliers and vendors to manufacture our products. Should a regulatory authority make
any significant findings on an inspection of our own operations or the operations of those companies, the ability for us to continue
producing our products could be adversely impacted and further production could cease. Regulatory GMP requirements are extensive and
can present a risk of injury or recall, among other risks, if not manufactured or labeled properly under GMPs.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
potential revenues from the commercialization of our product candidates are subject to these and other factors, and therefore we may
never reach or maintain profitability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 28; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->24<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Even
if we are successful in obtaining market approval, commercial success of any of our product candidates will also depend in large part
on the availability of coverage and adequate reimbursement from third-party payers, including government payers such as the Medicare
and Medicaid programs and managed care organizations, which may be affected by existing and future health care reform measures designed
to reduce the cost of health care. Third-party payers could require us to conduct additional studies, including post-marketing studies
related to the cost effectiveness of a product, to qualify for reimbursement, which could be costly and divert our resources. If government
and other health care payers were not to provide adequate coverage and reimbursement levels for one any of our products once approved,
market acceptance and commercial success would be reduced.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, if one of our products is approved for marketing, we will be subject to significant regulatory obligations regarding product
promotion, the submission of safety and other post-marketing information and reports and registration, and will need to continue to comply
(or ensure that our third party providers comply) with cGMPs, and Good Clinical Practices, or GCPs, for any clinical trials that we conduct
post-approval. In addition, there is always the risk that we or a regulatory authority might identify previously unknown problems with
a product post-approval, such as adverse events of unanticipated severity or frequency. Compliance with these requirements is costly,
and any failure to comply or other issues with our product candidates&#8217; post-market approval could have a material adverse effect
on our business, financial condition and results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Risks
Related to our Intellectual Property</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
rely upon patents to protect our technology. We may be unable to protect our intellectual property rights and we may be liable for infringing
the intellectual property rights of others.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
ability to compete effectively will depend on our ability to maintain the proprietary nature of our technologies, including the <i>Lm</i>-LLO
based immunotherapy platform technology, and the proprietary technology of others with whom we have entered into collaboration and licensing
agreements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Currently,
we own or have rights to several hundred patents and applications, which are owned, licensed from, or co-owned with Penn and Merck. We
have obtained the rights to all future patent applications in this field originating in the laboratories of Dr. Yvonne Paterson and Dr.
Fred Frankel, at the University of Pennsylvania.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
own or hold licenses to a number of issued patents and U.S. pending patent applications, as well as foreign patents and foreign counterparts.
Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain patent protection both in the United States and in other countries for our product
candidates, as well as the methods for treating patients in the product indications using these product candidates. Such patent protection
is costly to obtain and maintain, and we cannot guarantee that sufficient funds will be available. Our ability to protect our product
candidates from unauthorized or infringing use by third parties depends in substantial part on our ability to obtain and maintain valid
and enforceable patents. Due to evolving legal standards relating to the patentability, validity and enforceability of patents covering
pharmaceutical inventions and the scope of claims made under these patents, our ability to obtain, maintain and enforce patents is uncertain
and involves complex legal and factual questions. Even if our product candidates, as well as methods for treating patients for prescribed
indications using these product candidates are covered by valid and enforceable patents and have claims with sufficient scope, disclosure
and support in the specification, the patents will provide protection only for a limited amount of time. Accordingly, rights under any
issued patents may not provide us with sufficient protection for our product candidates or provide sufficient protection to afford us
a commercial advantage against competitive products or processes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, we cannot guarantee that any patents will issue from any pending or future patent applications owned by or licensed to us.
Even if patents have issued or will issue, we cannot guarantee that the claims of these patents are or will be valid or enforceable or
will provide us with any significant protection against competitive products or otherwise be commercially valuable to us. The laws of
some foreign jurisdictions do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as in the United States and many companies
have encountered significant difficulties in protecting and defending such rights in foreign jurisdictions. Furthermore, different countries
have different procedures for obtaining patents, and patents issued in different countries offer different degrees of protection against
use of the patented invention by others. If we encounter such difficulties in protecting or are otherwise precluded from effectively
protecting our intellectual property rights in foreign jurisdictions, our business prospects could be substantially harmed.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 29; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->25<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
patent positions of biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, including our patent position, involve complex legal and factual questions,
and, therefore, validity and enforceability cannot be predicted with certainty. Patents may be challenged, deemed unenforceable, invalidated,
or circumvented as a result of laws, rules and guidelines that are changed due to legislative, judicial or administrative actions, or
review, which render our patents unenforceable or invalid. Our patents can be challenged by our competitors who can argue that our patents
are invalid, unenforceable, lack utility, sufficient written description or enablement, or that the claims of the issued patents should
be limited or narrowly construed. Patents also will not protect our product candidates if competitors devise ways of making or using
these product candidates without infringing our patents.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
will be able to protect our proprietary rights from unauthorized use by third parties only to the extent that our technologies, methods
of treatment, product candidates, and any future products are covered by valid and enforceable patents or are effectively maintained
as trade secrets and we have the funds to enforce our rights, if necessary.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
expiration of our owned or licensed patents before completing the research and development of our product candidates and receiving all
required approvals in order to sell and distribute the products on a commercial scale can adversely affect our business and results of
operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Litigation
regarding patents, patent applications and other proprietary rights may be expensive and time consuming. If we are involved in such litigation,
it could cause delays in bringing product candidates to market and harm our ability to operate.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
success will depend in part on our ability to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties. The pharmaceutical
industry is characterized by extensive litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property rights. Other parties may obtain
patents in the future and allege that the products or use of our technologies infringe these patent claims or that we are employing their
proprietary technology without authorization.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, third parties may challenge or infringe upon our existing or future patents. Proceedings involving our patents or patent applications
or those of others could result in adverse decisions regarding:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    patentability of our inventions relating to our product candidates; and/or</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    enforceability, validity or scope of protection offered by our patents relating to our product candidates.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Even
if we are successful in these proceedings, we may incur substantial costs and divert management time and attention in pursuing these
proceedings, which could have a material adverse effect on us. If we are unable to avoid infringing the patent rights of others, we may
be required to seek a license, defend an infringement action or challenge the validity of the patents in court. Patent litigation is
costly and time consuming. We may not have sufficient resources to bring these actions to a successful conclusion. In addition, if we
do not obtain a license, develop or obtain non-infringing technology, fail to defend an infringement action successfully or have infringed
patents declared valid, we may:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">incur
    substantial monetary damages;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">encounter
    significant delays in bringing our product candidates to market; and/or</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">be
    precluded from participating in the manufacture, use or sale of our product candidates or methods of treatment requiring licenses.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
may be unable to adequately prevent disclosure of trade secrets and other proprietary information.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
also rely on trade secrets to protect our proprietary technologies, especially where we do not believe patent protection is appropriate
or obtainable. However, trade secrets are difficult to protect. We rely in part on confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants,
outside scientific collaborators, sponsored researchers, and other advisors to protect our trade secrets and other proprietary information.
These agreements may not effectively prevent disclosure of confidential information and may not provide an adequate remedy in the event
of unauthorized disclosure of confidential information. In addition, others may independently discover our trade secrets and proprietary
information. Costly and time-consuming litigation could be necessary to enforce and determine the scope of our proprietary rights, and
failure to obtain or maintain trade secret protection could adversely affect our competitive business position.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 30; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->26<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Some
of our products are dependent upon our license agreement with Penn; if we breach the license agreement and/or fail to make payments due
and owing to Penn under our license agreement, our business may be materially and adversely affected.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the terms of our license agreement with Penn, which has been amended from time to time, we have acquired exclusive worldwide licenses
for patents and patent applications related to our proprietary Listeria vaccine technology. The license provides us with the exclusive
commercial rights to the patent portfolio developed at Penn as of the effective date of the license, in connection with Dr. Paterson
and requires us to pay various milestone, legal, filing and licensing payments to commercialize the technology. As of January 31, 2022,
we owed $100,000 to Penn. We can provide no assurance that we will be able to make all future payments due and owing thereunder, that
such licenses will not be terminated or expire during critical periods, that we will be able to obtain licenses from Penn for other rights
that may be important to us, or, if obtained, that such licenses will be obtained on commercially reasonable terms. The loss of any current
or future licenses from Penn or the exclusivity rights provided therein could materially harm our business, financial condition and operating
results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>If
we are unable to obtain licenses needed for the development of our product candidates, or if we breach any of the agreements under which
we license rights to patents or other intellectual property from third parties, we could lose license rights that are important to our
business.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
we are unable to maintain and/or obtain licenses needed for the development of our product candidates in the future, we may have to develop
alternatives to avoid infringing on the patents of others, potentially causing increased costs and delays in drug development and introduction
or precluding the development, manufacture, or sale of planned products. Some of our licenses provide for limited periods of exclusivity
that require minimum license fees and payments and/or may be extended only with the consent of the licensor. We can provide no assurance
that we will be able to meet these minimum license fees in the future or that these third parties will grant extensions on any or all
such licenses. This same restriction may be contained in licenses obtained in the future.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additionally,
we can provide no assurance that the patents underlying any licenses will be valid and enforceable. To the extent any products developed
by us are based on licensed technology, royalty payments on the licenses will reduce our gross profit from such product sales and may
render the sales of such products uneconomical. In addition, the loss of any current or future licenses or the exclusivity rights provided
therein could materially harm our business, financial condition and our operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Risks
Related to Ownership of our Securities and this Offering</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Because
we do not have sufficient authorized shares of common stock on a fully diluted basis, the excess outstanding capital exposes us to liability,
and we will need to increase our authorized shares of common stock or execute a reverse stock split.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of the date of this prospectus, our authorized capital consists of 170,000,000 shares of common stock and 5,000,000 shares of preferred
stock. As of April 30, 2022, 145,638,459 shares of the authorized common stock are issued and outstanding, 888,058 shares are reserved
for outstanding stock options and 30,225,397 shares are authorized for outstanding warrants. Concurrently with the closing of this offering,
the shares of our common stock then outstanding will be subject to a reverse split on a one-for-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; basis.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
fully diluted capital structure is presently well above the amount of shares of common stock we are authorized to issue. Therefore, until
we either increase our authorized shares of common stock or execute a reverse stock split (as contemplated with the closing of this offering),
we are exposed to the risk of liability arising from the excess fully diluted capitalization. Therefore, in addition to the dilutive
effect any exercises of the securities would have, in the event we are unable to obtain the requisite shareholder approval or waivers,
or we are delayed in those efforts, the Company and your investment in us would be at risk.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 31; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->27<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Because
we are quoted on the OTCQX instead of an exchange or national quotation system, our investors find it more difficult to trade in our
stock, or might experience volatility in the market price of the shares of our common stock.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shares
of our common stock is quoted on the OTCQX. The OTCQX is often highly illiquid, in part because it does not have a national quotation
system by which potential investors can follow the market price of shares except through information received and generated by a limited
number of broker-dealers that make markets in particular stocks. There is a greater chance of volatility for securities that are quoted
on the OTCQX as compared to a national exchange or quotation system. This volatility may be caused by a variety of factors, including
the lack of readily available price quotations, the absence of consistent administrative supervision of bid and ask quotations, lower
trading volume, and market conditions. Investors in the shares of our common stock may experience high fluctuations in the market price
and volume of the trading market for our securities. These fluctuations, when they occur, have a negative effect on the market price
for our securities. Accordingly, our stockholders may not be able to realize a fair price from their shares when they determine to sell
them or may have to hold them for a substantial period of time until the market for the shares of our common stock improves.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have applied to list our common stock on Nasdaq under the symbol &#8220;ADXS&#8221;. Subject to approval of listing on Nasdaq, our common
stock will be listed on Nasdaq or, if Nasdaq approval is not obtained, then we expect our common stock to remain listed on the OTCQX.
No assurance can be given that our listing application will be approved by Nasdaq or that a liquid trading market for our common stock
will develop.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Our
stock is listed on the OTCQX, if we fail to remain current on our reporting requirements or are unable to regain compliance with the
OTCQX bid price requirements in a timely fashion, we could be removed from the OTCQX which would limit the ability of broker-dealers
to sell our securities in the secondary market.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">Companies trading on the
OTCQX, must be reporting issuers under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;),
and must be current in their reports under Section 13, in order to maintain price quotation privileges on the OTCQX. As a result, the
market liquidity for our securities could be severely adversely affected by limiting the ability of broker-dealers to sell our securities
and the ability of stockholders to sell their securities in the secondary market. In addition, on May 10, 2022, we were notified by
the OTCQX that our common stock closed below $0.10 for more than 30 consecutive calendar days and no longer meets the Standards for Continued
Qualification for the OTCQX U.S. tier as per the OTCQX Rules for U.S. Companies. If the bid price for the common stock has not stayed
at or above the $0.10 minimum for ten consecutive trading days by November 7, 2022, then our common stock will be moved from OTCQX to
the OTC Pink market. If we fail to remain current on our reporting requirements, we may be unable to get relisted on the OTCQX and if
we are unable to regain compliance with the OTCQX bid price requirements our common stock will no longer be listed on OTCQX, either of
which may have a material adverse effect on the Company.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
could issue additional &#8220;blank check&#8221; preferred stock without stockholder approval with the effect of diluting then current
stockholder interests and impairing their voting rights, and provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law could discourage
a takeover that stockholders may consider favorable.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
certificate of incorporation, as amended, provides that we may authorize and issue up to 5,000,000 shares of &#8220;blank check&#8221;
preferred stock with designations, rights, and preferences as may be determined from time to time by our Board. Our Board is empowered,
without stockholder approval, to issue one or more series of preferred stock with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting, or other
rights, which could dilute the interest of or impair the voting power of our holders of shares of common stock. The issuance of a series of preferred stock could be used as a method of discouraging, delaying, or preventing a change in
control. For example, it would be possible for our Board to issue preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could
impede the success of any attempt to change control of our Company.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Sales
of additional equity securities may adversely affect the market price of the shares of our common stock and your rights may be reduced.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
expect to continue to incur drug development and selling, general and administrative costs, and to satisfy our funding requirements,
we will need to sell additional equity securities, which may be subject to registration rights and warrants with anti-dilutive protective
provisions. The sale or the proposed sale of substantial amounts of the shares of our common stock or other equity securities in the
public markets may adversely affect the market price of the shares of our common stock and our stock price may decline substantially.
Our shareholders may experience substantial dilution and a reduction in the price that they are able to obtain upon sale of their shares.
Also, new equity securities issued may have greater rights, preferences or privileges than our existing shares of common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 32; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->28<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>If
you purchase common stock in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution in the book value of your investment.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">You
will suffer immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of the common stock if you purchase shares in this offering.
Based on an assumed public offering price of $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; per share, after giving effect to this offering, purchasers of common stock in this offering
will experience immediate dilution in net tangible book value of $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; per share. See &#8220;<i>Dilution</i>&#8221; for a more detailed description
of the dilution to new investors in the offering.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>The
price of the shares of our common stock may be volatile.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
trading price of the shares of our common stock may fluctuate substantially. The price of the shares of our common stock that will prevail in the market may be higher or lower than the price you have paid, depending on many factors, some of
which are beyond our control and may not be related to our operating performance. These fluctuations could cause you to lose part or
all of your investment in the shares of our common stock and warrants. Those factors that could cause fluctuations include, but are not
limited to, the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">price
    and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market from time to time;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">variations
    in our quarterly operating results;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">fluctuations
    in stock market prices and trading volumes of similar companies;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">actual
    or anticipated changes in our net loss or fluctuations in our operating results or in the expectations of securities analysts;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    issuance of new equity securities pursuant to a future offering, including issuances of preferred stock;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">general
    economic conditions and trends, including changes in interest rates;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">positive
    and negative events relating to healthcare and the overall pharmaceutical and biotech sector;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">major
    catastrophic events;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">sales
    of large blocks of our stock;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">significant
    dilution caused by the anti-dilutive clauses in our financial agreements;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">departures
    of key personnel;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">changes
    in the regulatory status of our immunotherapies, including results of our clinical trials;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">events
    affecting Penn or any current or future collaborators;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">announcements
    of new products or technologies, commercial relationships or other events by us or our competitors;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">regulatory
    developments in the United States and other countries;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">failure
    of the shares of our common stock or warrants to be listed or quoted on the OTCQX Best Market or on a national market system;
    on May 10, 2022, we received a notification from the OTCQX that by virtue of closing below $0.10 for more than 30 consecutive calendar
    days, our common stock no longer meets the Standards for Continued Qualification for the OTCQX U.S. tier, and that if we do not regain
    qualification by November 7, 2022, our common stock will be moved from OTCQX to the OTC Pink market;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">changes
    in financial estimates by securities analysts who cover our company; </span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">changes
    in accounting principles; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">perceptions
    of our company and discussion of us or our stock price by the financial and scientific press and in online investor communities.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 33; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->29<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, the stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to
the operating performance of small companies. Broad market and industry factors may negatively affect the market price of our common
stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. Further, a systemic decline in the financial markets and related factors beyond
our control may cause our share price to decline rapidly and unexpectedly.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>So
long as the shares of our common stock continue to be listed on the OTCQX, they could be subject to the so-called &#8220;penny stock&#8221;
rules that impose restrictive sales practice requirements.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
the shares of our common stock have been de-listed from the Nasdaq Capital Market and are now listed on the OTCQX, which is not a &#8220;national
securities exchange&#8221; as defined by the Exchange Act, and thus the shares of our common stock will be become subject to the so-called
&#8220;penny stock&#8221; rules if the shares have a market value of less than $5.00 per share. The SEC has adopted regulations that
define a penny stock to include any stock that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions, including
an exception for stock traded on a national securities exchange. The SEC regulations impose restrictive sales practice requirements on
broker-dealers who sell penny stocks to persons other than established customers and accredited investors. An accredited investor generally
is a person whose individual annual income exceeded $200,000, or whose joint annual income with a spouse exceeded $300,000 during the
past two years and who expects their annual income to exceed the applicable level during the current year, or a person with net worth
in excess of $1.0 million, not including the value of the investor&#8217;s principal residence and excluding mortgage debt secured by
the investor&#8217;s principal residence up to the estimated fair market value of the home, except that any mortgage debt incurred by
the investor within 60 days prior to the date of the transaction shall not be excluded from the determination of the investor&#8217;s
net worth unless the mortgage debt was incurred to acquire the residence. For transactions covered by this rule, the broker-dealer must
make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and must have received the purchaser&#8217;s written consent to the transaction
prior to sale. This means that so long as the shares of our common stock are not listed on a national securities exchange, the ability
of stockholders to sell their shares of common stock in the secondary market could be adversely affected.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
a transaction involving a penny stock is not exempt from the SEC&#8217;s rule, a broker-dealer must deliver a disclosure schedule relating
to the penny stock market to each investor prior to a transaction. The broker-dealer also must disclose the commissions payable to both
the broker-dealer and its registered representative, current quotations for the penny stock, and, if the broker-dealer is the sole market-maker,
the broker-dealer must disclose this fact and the broker-dealer&#8217;s presumed control over the market. Finally, monthly statements
must be sent disclosing recent price information for the penny stock held in the customer&#8217;s account and information on the limited
market in penny stocks.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>There
is no public market for the Common Stock Purchase Warrants being offered by us in this offering.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
is no established public trading market for the Common Stock Purchase Warrants and we do not expect a market to develop. In addition,
we do not intend to apply to list the Common Stock Purchase Warrants on any national securities exchange or other nationally recognized
trading system, including the QTCQX or Nasdaq. Without an active market, the liquidity of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be
limited, which may adversely affect their value.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Holders
of Common Stock Purchase Warrants purchased in this offering will have no rights as common stockholders until such holders exercise their
Common Stock Purchase Warrants and acquire the shares of our common stock.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Until
holders of Common Stock Purchase Warrants acquire the shares of our common stock upon exercise thereof, such holders will have no rights
with respect to the shares of common stock underlying the Common Stock Purchase Warrants. Upon exercise of the Common Stock Purchase
Warrants, the holders will be entitled to exercise the rights of a common stockholder only as to matters for which the record date occurs
after the exercise date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 34; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->30<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>The
Common Stock Purchase Warrants are speculative in nature.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Common Stock Purchase Warrants do not confer any rights of common stock ownership on its holders, such as voting rights or the right
to receive dividends, but rather merely represent the right to acquire shares of common stock at a fixed price for a limited period of
time. Following this offering, the market value of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants, if any, is uncertain and there can be no assurance
that the market value of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants will equal or exceed their imputed offering price. The Common Stock Purchase
Warrants will not be listed or quoted for trading on any market or exchange. There can be no assurance that the market price of the shares
of common stock will ever equal or exceed the exercise price of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants, and consequently, it may not ever
be profitable for holders of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants to exercise the Common Stock Purchase Warrants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
may be at an increased risk of securities litigation, which is expensive and could divert management attention.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
market price of the shares of our common stock may be volatile, and in the past companies that have experienced volatility in the market
price of their stock have been subject to securities class action litigation. We may be the target of this type of litigation in the
future. Securities litigation against us could result in substantial costs and divert our management&#8217;s attention from other business
concerns, which could seriously harm our business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>We
do not intend to pay cash dividends.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have not declared or paid any cash dividends on the shares of our common stock, and we do not anticipate declaring or paying cash dividends
for the foreseeable future. Any future determination as to the payment of cash dividends on the shares of our common stock will be at
our Board of Directors&#8217; discretion and will depend on our financial condition, operating results, capital requirements and other
factors that our Board of Directors considers to be relevant.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Our
certificate of incorporation, bylaws and Delaware law have anti-takeover provisions that could discourage, delay or prevent a change
in control, which may cause our stock price to decline.</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
certificate of incorporation, Bylaws and Delaware law contain provisions which could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire
us, even if closing such a transaction would be beneficial to our shareholders. We are authorized to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of
preferred stock. This preferred stock may be issued in one or more series, the terms of which may be determined at the time of issuance
by our Board of Directors without further action by shareholders. The terms of any series of preferred stock may include voting rights
(including the right to vote as a series on particular matters), preferences as to dividend, liquidation, conversion and redemption rights
and sinking fund provisions. The issuance of any preferred stock could materially adversely affect the rights of the holders of the shares
of our common stock, and therefore, reduce the value of the shares of our common stock. In the past, our Series D convertible redeemable
preferred stock included voting rights superior to those of our common stock which had a dispositive effect on certain matters put to
a vote of all shareholders. While this series of preferred stock has since been redeemed, the terms of one or more series of preferred
stock may allow the holders of such preferred stock to exert significant control over our management and approvals requiring stockholder
approval. In particular, specific rights granted to future holders of preferred stock could be used to restrict our ability to merge
with, or sell our assets to, a third party and thereby preserve control by the present management.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Provisions
of our certificate of incorporation, Bylaws and Delaware law also could have the effect of discouraging potential acquisition proposals
or making a tender offer or delaying or preventing a change in control, including changes a shareholder might consider favorable. Such
provisions may also prevent or frustrate attempts by our shareholders to replace or remove our management. In particular, the certificate
of incorporation, Bylaws and Delaware law, as applicable, among other things; provide the Board of Directors with the ability to alter
the Bylaws without shareholder approval and provide those vacancies on the Board of Directors may be filled by a majority of directors
in office, and less than a quorum.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
provisions are expected to discourage certain types of coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons
seeking to acquire control of our company to first negotiate with its board. These provisions may delay or prevent someone from acquiring
or merging with us, which may cause the market price of the shares of our common stock to decline.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 35; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->31<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="z_001"></span>USE
OF PROCEEDS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
estimate that the net proceeds to us from this offering will be approximately $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; million, assuming a public offering price of $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; per common stock unit, which represents approximately a &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; % discount to $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;  ,the last reported sale price for the shares of our common
stock on , 2022, as reported by the OTCQX and as adjusted to account for our one-for-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; reverse stock split, after deducting estimated
underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us and assuming none of the warrants issued in this
offering are exercised. If the underwriters&#8217; over-allotment option is exercised in full, we estimate that we will receive additional
net proceeds of approximately $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;  million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
$1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us by $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; million, after
deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, assuming that the number of
shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same. An increase (decrease) of 1.0 million in the
number of shares offered by us would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us by $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;  million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of shares by us for working capital and other general corporate purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 36; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->32<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="z_002"></span>INFORMATION
REGARDING THE SHARES OF OUR COMMON STOCK</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
shares of our common stock are currently quoted on the OTCQX under the symbol &#8220;ADXS.&#8221; Concurrently with the consummation
of this offering, we expect that the shares of our common stock will trade on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol &#8220;ADXS.&#8221;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
stock has experienced periods, including extended periods, of limited or sporadic quotations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of April 30, 2022, there were 30,000 holders of record of the shares of our common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 37; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->33<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="z_003"></span>DIVIDEND
POLICY</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have not declared or paid any dividends since inception on the shares of our common stock. We do not anticipate that we will declare
or pay dividends in the foreseeable future on the shares of our common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 38; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->34<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="z_004"></span>CAPITALIZATION </b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table describes our cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of January 31, 2022:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">on
    an actual basis;</span></td></tr>

<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">on
    a pro forma basis to give to one-for-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; reverse split of the outstanding shares of our common stock to be effected prior to the completion
    of this offering; and</span></td></tr>

<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">on
                                            an pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect our sale of shares of common stock in this offering
                                            at an assumed offering price of $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; per share.</span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">You
should read this capitalization table together with the consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this
prospectus, as well as &#8220;Use of Proceeds,&#8221; &#8220;Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations&#8221; and the other financial information included elsewhere in this prospectus.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">As of January 31, 2022 (unaudited)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Actual</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pro Forma<sup>(1)</sup></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pro Forma</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As Adjusted <sup>(2)</sup></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" style="text-align: center">(amounts in thousands, except per share data)</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right">36,480</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Series D convertible preferred stock- $0.001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at January 31, 2022; Liquidation preference of $5,250 at January 31, 2022.</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">4,225</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Stockholders&#8217; equity:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Common Stock - par value $0.001 per share, 170,000,000 shares authorized, 145,638,459 shares issued and outstanding at January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, actual; $0.001 par value, &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; par value, &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Additional paid-in capital</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">467,368</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Accumulated deficit</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(428,965</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total stockholders&#8217; equity</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">38,549</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total capitalization</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">42,774</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)
A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; per share, would increase (decrease) each of cash and cash equivalents,
common stock, paid in additional capital, total stockholders&#8217; equity and total capitalization by $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; million, assuming that the number
of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover cash and cash equivalents of this prospectus, remains the same. An increase (decrease)
of 1.0 million in the number of shares offered by us would increase (decrease) each of cash and cash equivalents, common stock, paid
in additional capital, total stockholders&#8217; equity and total capitalization by $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)
A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $ per share, would increase (decrease) each of cash and cash equivalents,
common stock, total stockholders&#8217; equity and total capitalization by $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; million, assuming that the number of shares offered
by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same. An increase (decrease) of 1.0 million in the number of shares
offered by us would increase (decrease) each of cash and cash equivalents, common stock, total stockholders&#8217; equity and total capitalization
by $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after this offering is based on
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; shares outstanding as of &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;, 2022. Pro forma as
adjusted does not give effect to the impact of Common Stock Purchase Warrants or the Underwriter&#8217;s over-allotment
option.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 39; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->35<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="z_005"></span>DILUTION</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
you invest in our common stock units, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the public offering price
per share and the net tangible book value per share after this offering.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of January 31, 2022, our historical net tangible book value was $35.3 million, or $0.24 per share. Net tangible book value per share
represents total tangible assets less total liabilities and temporary equity, divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding.
After giving effect to the issuance and sale of common stock units in this offering at an assumed public offering price of $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;per
share, and deducting the underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses that we will pay, our as adjusted net tangible book value
as of &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;, 2022 would have been approximately $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;million, or $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;per share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book
value of $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;per share to new investors purchasing shares of
common stock in this offering. The following table illustrates this dilution on a per share basis:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-size: 11pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Per Share</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Assumed public offering price per common stock unit </td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Historical net tangible book value per share as of January 31, 2022 </td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">0.24</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 11pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 11pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of January 31, 2022 </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-size: 11pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-size: 11pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to this offering </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-size: 11pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 11pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-size: 11pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-size: 11pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">As adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 11pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 11pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 11pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 11pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Dilution per share to new investors </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 11pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 11pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 11pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
$1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed offering price of $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;per share, would affect our as adjusted net tangible book value after
this offering by $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;million, the net tangible book value per share after this offering by $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;per share, and the dilution per share
of common stock to new investors as adjusted by $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;  per share, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover
page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the commissions and discounts and estimated offering expenses payable by
us. An increase (decrease) of 1.0 million in the number of shares offered by us would affect our as adjusted net tangible book value
after this offering by $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;million, the net tangible book value per share after this offering by $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;per share, and the dilution
per share of common stock to new investors as adjusted by $&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;  per share.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the underwriter exercises in full its option to purchase additional shares of our common stock and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants
in the offering, the as adjusted net tangible book value per share would be $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;per share and the dilution to new investors in
this offering would be $ &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; per share.<br /></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 40; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->36<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="z_006"></span>MANAGEMENT&#8217;S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>The
following Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction
with our audited consolidated financial statements for the period ended October 31, 2021, and 2020, and notes thereto, and our unaudited
financial statements for the three months ended January 31, 2022, and 2021, and notes thereto, included elsewhere in this prospectus.
This report contains forward-looking information that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from
those anticipated by the forward-looking information. Factors that may cause such differences include, but are not limited to, availability
and cost of financial resources, product demand, market acceptance and other factors discussed in this report under the heading &#8220;Risk
Factors&#8221;. All amounts presented herein are expressed in thousands, except share and per-share data, unless otherwise specifically
noted, and are presented without giving effect to our proposed reverse stock split.</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Overview</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization of proprietary <i>Lm</i> Technology
antigen delivery products based on a platform technology that utilizes live attenuated <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, or <i>Lm</i>, bioengineered
to secrete antigen/adjuvant fusion proteins. These <i>Lm</i>-based strains are believed to be a significant advancement in immunotherapy
as they integrate multiple functions into a single immunotherapy by accessing and directing antigen presenting cells to stimulate anti-tumor
T cell immunity, stimulate and activate the innate immune system with the equivalent of multiple adjuvants, and simultaneously reduce
tumor protection in the Tumor Microenvironment, or TME, to enable the T cells to attack tumor cells.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company believes that <i>Lm</i> Technology immunotherapies can complement and address significant unmet needs in the current oncology
treatment landscape. Specifically, our product candidates (i.e., ADXS-PSA, ADXS-503 and ADXS-504) have the potential to optimize checkpoint
performance, while having a generally well-tolerated safety profile, and most of our product candidates have an expected low cost of
goods.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis
is currently winding down or has wound down clinical studies of <i>Lm</i> Technology immunotherapies in three program areas:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Human
    Papilloma Virus (&#8220;HPV&#8221;)-associated cancers</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Personalized
    neoantigen-directed therapies</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Human
    epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) associated cancers</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
these clinical program areas are anchored in the Company&#8217;s <i>Lm</i> Technology<sup>TM</sup>, a unique platform designed for its
ability to safely and effectively target various cancers in multiple ways. While we are currently winding down clinical studies of <i>Lm
</i>Technology immunotherapies in these three program areas, our license agreements continue with OS Therapies, LLC for ADXS-HER2 and
with Global BioPharma, or GBP, for the exclusive license for the development and commercialization of AXAL in Asia, Africa, and the former
USSR territory, exclusive of India and certain other countries.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Recent
Developments</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>COVID-19
Impact</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
global health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and its resurgences has and may continue to negatively impact global economic activity,
which, despite progress in vaccination efforts, remains uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence. In addition, a new Omicron
variant of COVID-19, which appears to be the most transmissible variant to date, has spread globally. The continued impact of the pandemic
cannot be predicted at this time, and could depend on numerous factors, including vaccination rates among the population, the occurrence
and spread of additional variants of COVID-19, the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against current or future variants and the response
by governmental bodies and regulators.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 41; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->37<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
response to COVID-19, the Company implemented remote working and thus far, has not experienced a significant disruption or delay in its
operations as it relates to the clinical development or drug production of our drug candidates by third parties. We continue to monitor
the COVID-19 pandemic and take steps intended to mitigate the potential risks to our workforce and our operations. The COVID-19 pandemic
has, and may continue to, directly or indirectly affect the pace of enrollment in our clinical trials as patients may avoid or may not
be able to travel to healthcare facilities and physicians&#8217; offices unless due to a health emergency and clinical trial staff can
no longer get to the clinic. Nonetheless, thus far, the COVID-19 pandemic has not had a significant impact on our business or results
of operations. However, we remain in contact with the clinical sites in our study and are in discussion with additional sites to combat
any potential impact in enrollment. We are unable to determine or predict the extent, duration or scope of the overall impact of the
COVID-19 pandemic on our business, operations, financial condition or liquidity.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Termination
of Merger Agreement; Strategic Considerations</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 4, 2021, the Company entered into a Merger Agreement (the &#8220;Merger Agreement&#8221;), subject to shareholder approval, with
Biosight Ltd. (&#8220;Biosight&#8221;) and Advaxis Ltd. (&#8220;Merger Sub&#8221;), a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Advaxis. Under
the terms of the agreement, Biosight was to merge with and into Merger Sub, with Biosight continuing as the surviving company and a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Advaxis (the &#8220;Merger&#8221;). Immediately after the merger, Advaxis stockholders as of immediately prior to the merger
were expected to own approximately 25% of the outstanding shares of the combined company and former Biosight shareholders were expected
to own approximately 75% of the outstanding shares of the combined company.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 30, 2021, the Company terminated the Merger Agreement, as the Company was unable to obtain shareholder approval to complete
the transaction. As announced in December 2021, the Company plans to continue to explore additional options to maximize stockholder value
in addition to this offering.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Financing</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 31, 2022, the Company consummated an offering with certain institutional investors for the private placement of 1,000,000 shares
of Series D convertible redeemable preferred stock (the &#8220;Series D Preferred Stock&#8221;). The shares, which have since been redeemed
in accordance with their terms as described below, and are thus no longer outstanding as of the date of this prospectus, had an aggregate
stated value of $5,000,000. Each share of the Series D preferred stock had a purchase price of $4.75, representing an original issue
discount of 5% of the stated value. The shares of Series D Preferred Stock were convertible into shares of the Company&#8217;s common
stock, upon the occurrence of certain events, at a conversion price of $0.25 per share. The conversion, at the option of the stockholder,
could occur at any time following the receipt of the stockholders&#8217; approval for a reverse stock split. The Company was permitted
to compel conversion of the Series D Preferred Stock after the fulfillment of certain conditions and subject to certain limitations.
The Series D Preferred Stock also had a liquidation preference over the shares of common stock, and could be redeemed by the investors,
in accordance with certain terms, for a redemption price equal to 105% of the stated value, or in certain circumstances, 110% of the
stated value. Total net proceeds from the offering, after deducting the financial advisor&#8217;s fees and other estimated offering expenses,
were approximately $4.3 million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 6, 2022, the holders of all 1,000,000 outstanding shares of the Series D Preferred Stock exercised their right to cause the Company
to redeem all of such shares at a price per share equal to 105% of the stated value per share of $5.00, and such shares were redeemed
accordingly.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Results
of Operations for the Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2021 Compared to the Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2020</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenue</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">Revenue
increased $3.0 million for the year ended October 31, 2021 compared to $0.3 million for the year ended October 31, 2020. In the current
period, we recognized royalty payments from OST.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 42; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->38<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Research
and Development Expenses</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
invest in research and development to advance our <i>Lm</i> technology through our preclinical and clinical development programs. Research
and development expenses for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 were categorized as follows (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Fiscal Years Ended<br /> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Increase<br /> (Decrease)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2020</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 42%; text-align: left">Hotspot/Off-the-Shelf therapies</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">4,261</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">3,515</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">746</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">21</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Prostate cancer</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">30</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">948</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(918</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(97</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">HPV-associated cancers</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,069</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,667</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,598</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(44</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Personalized neoantigen-directed therapies</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">495</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,266</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(771</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(61</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other expenses</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">3,707</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">6,216</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(2,509</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(40</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total research &amp; development expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">10,562</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">15,612</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(5,050</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(32</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stock-based compensation expense included in research and development expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">164</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">308</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(144</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(47</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Hotspot/Off-the-Shelf
Therapies (ADXS-HOT)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Research
and development costs associated with our hotspot mutation-based therapy for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 increased 21% to
$4.3 million compared to the same period in 2020. The increase is attributable to the costs associated with the increase in patient enrollment
in the HOT-503 study and the commencement of our investigator-sponsored HOT-504 study.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Prostate
Cancer (ADXS-PSA)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Research
and development costs associated with our prostate cancer therapy for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 decreased $0.9 million,
or 97%, compared to the same period in 2020. The decrease is attributable to the winding down of the Phase 1/2 study of our ADXS-PSA
compound in combination with KEYTRUDA&#174; (pembrolizumab), Merck&#8217;s humanized monoclonal antibody. We do not anticipate that we
will continue to incur significant costs associated with the wind down of the study.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>HPV-Associated
Cancers (AXAL)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
majority of the HPV-associated research and development costs include clinical trial and other related costs associated with our AXAL
programs in cervical and head and neck cancers. HPV-associated costs for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 decreased $1.6 million,
or 44%, compared to the same period in 2020. The decrease is attributable to wind down costs associated with the closure of our Phase
3 AIM2CERV study in high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer. We do not anticipate that we will continue to incur significant costs
associated with the wind down of the study.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Personalized
Neoantigen-Directed Therapies (ADXS-NEO)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Research
and development costs associated with personalized neoantigen-directed therapies for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 decreased
$0.8 million, or 61%, compared to the same period in 2020. The decrease is attributable to wind down costs associated with the termination
of our ADXS-NEO study. We do not anticipate that we will continue to incur significant costs associated with the wind down of the study.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
Expenses</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
expenses include salary and benefit costs, stock-based compensation expense, professional fees, laboratory costs and other internal and
external costs associated with our research &amp; development activities. Other expenses for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 decreased
$2.5 million, or 40%, compared to the same period in 2020. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in salary related expenses,
temporary worker expenses and consulting expenses due to a change in focus on the clinical development of our HOT-503 and HOT-504 programs
and substantially less on our early research programs.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 43; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->39<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>General
and Administrative Expenses</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">General
and administrative expenses primarily include salary and benefit costs and stock-based compensation expense for employees included in
our finance, legal and administrative organizations, outside legal and professional services, and facilities costs. General and administrative
expenses for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Years Ended<br /> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Increase<br /> (Decrease)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2020</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 44%; text-align: left">General and administrative expense</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">11,464</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">11,090</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">374</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">3</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stock-based compensation expense included in general and administrative expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">402</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">583</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(181</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(31</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">General
and administrative expenses for the year ended October 31, 2021 increased $0.4 million, or 3%, compared to the same period in 2020. This
increase primarily relates to increases in (1) legal and consulting fees, including $1.4 million in legal and consulting fees related
to the merger with Biosight (2) sublicense fees (3) proxy solicitation fees related to both the annual shareholder meeting and the merger
with Biosight, (4) amounts paid in settlement of a shareholder demand letter and (5) losses on disposal of property and equipment in
connection with the termination of our office lease at our former location. These increases were partially offset by decreases in (1)
rent and utilities due to the termination of our office lease at our former location, (2) personnel costs and (3) charges related to
the abandonment of non-strategic intellectual property.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Changes
in Fair Values</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">For
the year ended October 31, 2021, we recorded non-cash income from changes in the fair value of the warrant liability of approximately
$1.0 million. The decrease in the fair value of liability warrants resulted primarily from the issuance of warrants in the April 2021
Offering. The warrants issued in the April 2021 Private Placement decreased in fair value from date of issuance to October 31, 2021 due
to a decrease in our share price from $0.57 at April 14, 2021 to $0.485 at October 31, 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the fiscal year ended October 31, 2020, we recorded non-cash expense from changes in the fair value of the warrant liability of $0.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Loss
on shares issued in settlement of warrants</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
October 16, 2020, the Company entered into private exchange agreements with certain holders of warrants issued in connection with the
Company&#8217;s January 2020 public offering of shares of common stock and warrants. The warrants being exchanged provide for the purchase
of up to an aggregate of 5,000,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.25 per share. The warrants became exercisable
on July 21, 2020 and have an expiration date of July 21, 2025. Pursuant to such exchange agreements, the Company agreed to issue 3,000,000
shares of common stock to the investors in exchange for the warrants. In connection with the exchange of warrants for shares of common
stock, the Company recorded a loss of approximately $77,000 as the fair value of the shares issued exceeded the fair value of warrants
exchanged.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 44; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->40<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Results
of Operations for the Three Months Ended January 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenue</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenue
was $0 for the three months ended January 31, 2022 compared to $1,615,000 for the three months ended January 31, 2021. In the prior period,
we recognized royalty payments from OST.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Research
and Development Expenses</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
invest in research and development to advance our <i>Lm</i> technology through our pre-clinical and clinical development programs. Research
and development expenses for the three months ended January 31, 2022 and January 31, 2021 were categorized as follows (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Three Months Ended<br /> January 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Increase<br /> (Decrease)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(unaudited)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(unaudited)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 44%; text-align: left">Hotspot/Off-the-Shelf therapies</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">1,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">1,200</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">(200</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">(17</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Prostate cancer</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">55</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">42</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">13</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">31</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">HPV-associated cancers</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(39</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">531</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(570</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(107</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Personalized neoantigen-directed therapies</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">132</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(132</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(100</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other expenses</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">638</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">665</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(27</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total research &amp; development expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">1,654</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">2,570</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(916</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(36</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stock-based compensation expense included in research and development expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">13</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">57</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(44</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(77</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Hotspot/Off-the-Shelf
Therapies (ADXS-HOT)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Research
and development costs associated with our hotspot mutation-based therapy for the three months ended January 31, 2022 decreased 17% to
$1,000,000 compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease is attributable to a slowdown in patient enrollment in the HOT-503 study.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Prostate
Cancer (ADXS-PSA)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Research
and development costs associated with our prostate cancer therapy for the three months ended January 31, 2022 increased $13,000, or 31%,
compared to the same period in 2021. The increase is immaterial. We do not anticipate that we will continue to incur significant costs
associated with the wind down of the study.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>HPV-Associated
Cancers (AXAL)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
majority of the HPV-associated research and development costs include clinical trial and other related costs associated with our AXAL
programs in cervical and head and neck cancers. HPV-associated costs for the three months ended January 31, 2022 decreased $570,000,
or 107%, compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease is attributable to wind down costs associated with the closure of our Phase
3 AIM2CERV study in high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer, as well as credit memos issued by our contract research organization
associated with the closeout of our Phase 1/2 study in head and neck cancer. We do not anticipate that we will continue to incur significant
costs associated with the wind down of our Phase 3 AIM2CERV study.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Personalized
Neoantigen-Directed Therapies (ADXS-NEO)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Research
and development costs associated with personalized neoantigen-directed therapies for the three months ended January 31, 2022 decreased
$132,000, or 100%, compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease is attributable to wind down costs associated with the termination
of our ADXS-NEO study. We do not anticipate that we will continue to incur significant costs associated with the wind down of the study.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 45; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->41<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
Expenses</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
expenses for the three months ended January 31, 2022 decreased $27,000, or 4%, compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease was
immaterial.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>General
and Administrative Expenses</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">General
and administrative expenses for the three months ended January 31, 2022 and January 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Three Months Ended<br /> January 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Increase<br /> (Decrease)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 44%; text-align: left">General and administrative expense</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">2,510</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">3,008</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">(498</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">(17</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stock-based compensation expense included in general and administrative expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">13</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">179</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(166</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(93</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">General
and administrative expenses for the three months ended January 31, 2022 decreased $498,000, or 17%, compared to the same period in 2021.
This decrease primarily relates to (1) a decrease in personnel costs due to decreases in stock compensation and bonus accruals (2) decreases
in rent, utilities and depreciation due to the termination of our office lease at our former location and (3) a decrease in legal costs.
These decreases were partially offset by increases in <span style="background-color: white">(1) proxy solicitation fees related to the
Previously Proposed Merger</span> and (2) charges related to the abandonment of non-strategic intellectual property.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Changes
in Fair Values</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the three months ended January 31, 2022, we recorded non-cash income from a decrease in the fair value of the warrant liability of approximately
$3,802,000. The decrease in the fair value of liability warrants resulted from resulted from a decrease in our share price from $0.49
at October 31, 2021 to $0.14 at January 31, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the three months ended January 31, 2021, we recorded non-cash loss from an increase in the fair value of the warrant liability of approximately
$27,000. The increase in the fair value of liability warrants resulted from an increase in our share price from $0.34 at October 31,
2020 to $0.73 at January 31, 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Liquidity
and Capital Resources</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Management&#8217;s
Plans</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Similar
to other development stage biotechnology companies, our products that are being developed have not generated significant revenue. As
a result, we have historically suffered recurring losses and we have required significant cash resources to execute our business plans.
These losses are expected to continue for the foreseeable future.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Historically,
the Company&#8217;s major sources of cash have comprised proceeds from various public and private offerings of its securities (including
shares of common stock), debt financings, clinical collaborations, option and warrant exercises, income earned on investments and grants,
and interest income. From October 2013 through October 31, 2021, the Company raised approximately $339.4 million in gross proceeds ($30.0
million during the year ended October 31, 2021) from various public and private offerings of shares of our common stock. The Company
has sustained losses from operations in each fiscal year since our inception, and we expect losses to continue for the indefinite future.
As of January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $429.0 million and $428.6 million, respectively,
and stockholders&#8217; equity of $38.5 million and $38.9 million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 46; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->42<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
October 2013 through January 31, 2022, the Company raised approximately $339.4 million in gross proceeds from various public and private
offerings of shares of our common stock. The Company has sustained losses from operations in each fiscal year since our inception, and
we expect losses to continue for the indefinite future.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the global economy and created significant volatility and disruption of financial markets.
An extended period of economic disruption could negatively affect the Company&#8217;s business, financial condition, and access to sources
of liquidity. As of January 31, 2022, the Company had $36.5 million in cash and cash equivalents. The actual amount of cash that the
Company will need to continue operating is subject to many factors.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes that it will need to raise additional capital in order to continue to execute its business plan in the future. There
is no assurance that additional financing will be available when needed or that the Company will be able to obtain financing on terms
acceptable to it or whether the Company will become profitable and generate positive operating cash flow. If the Company is unable to
raise sufficient additional funds, it will have to further scale back its operations. The Company believes it has sufficient capital
to fund its obligations, as they become due, in the ordinary course of business into the second fiscal quarter of 2024. The Company based
this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could use available capital resources sooner than currently expected.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Cash
Flows</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Operating
Activities</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash used in operating activities was $15.4 million for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 compared to $21.9 million for the fiscal
year ended October 31, 2020. Net cash used in operating activities includes reduced spending associated with our clinical trial programs
and general and administrative activities. The decrease was due to measures to control costs for non-essential items in areas that did
not support our strategic direction, and as a result, we have continued to reduce non-strategic operating expenditures over the past
several quarters.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash used in operating activities was $4.1 million for the three months ended January 31, 2022 compared to $2. 8 for the three months
ended January 31, 2021. The Company received $1,615,000 in royalty payments from OST in the prior period.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Investing
Activities</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash used in investing activities was $11,000 for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 compared to $0.7 million for the fiscal year
ended October 31, 2020. <span style="background-color: white">The decrease is a result of proceeds on disposal of property and equipment
and the abandonment of certain non-strategic intellectual property in the prior period that led to less patent costs in the current period.</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash used in investing activities was $58,000 for three months ended January 31, 2022 compared to $210,000 for the three months ended
January 31, 2021. The decrease is a result of the abandonment of certain non-strategic intellectual property in the current period.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Financing
Activities</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash provided by financing activities was $31.9 million for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 as compared to $15.5 million for the
fiscal year ended October 31, 2020. In April 2021, the Company completed an offering of (i) 17,577,400 shares of common stock, (ii) 7,671,937
pre-funded warrants to purchase 7,671,937 shares of common stock and (iii) registered common share purchase warrants to purchase 11,244,135
shares of common stock (the &#8220;Registered Direct Offering&#8221;) with two healthcare focused, institutional investors. The Company
also issued to the investors, in a concurrent private placement, unregistered common share purchase warrants to purchase 14,005,202 shares
of the Company&#8217;s common stock (the &#8220;Private Placement&#8221; and together with the Registered Direct Offering, the &#8220;April
2021 Offering&#8221;). We received gross proceeds of approximately $20 million, before deducting the fees and expenses payable by us
in connection with the April 2021 Offering.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 47; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->43<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash provided by financing activities was $4.3 million for the three months ended January 31, 2022 compared to $11.1 million for the
three months ended January 31, 2021. On January 31, 2022, the Company closed on an offering with certain institutional investors for
the private placement of 1,000,000 shares of Series D Preferred Stock. The shares sold had an aggregate stated value of $5,000,000. Each
share of the Series D Preferred Stock was sold for a purchase price of $4.75, representing an original issue discount of 5% of the stated
value. Total net proceeds from the offering, after deducting the financial advisor&#8217;s fees and other estimated offering expenses,
were approximately $4.3 million. The Series D preferred stock also had a liquidation preference over the shares of common stock, and
could be redeemed by the investors, in accordance with certain terms, for a redemption price equal to 105% of the stated value, or in
certain circumstances, 110% of the stated value. On April 6, 2022, the holders of all 1,000,000 outstanding shares of the Series D Preferred
Stock exercised their right to cause the Company to redeem all of such shares at a price per share equal to 105% of the stated value
per share of $5.00, and such shares were redeemed accordingly.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
November 27, 2020, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 26,666,666 shares of common stock and common stock warrants
to purchase up to 13,333,333 shares of common stock (the &#8220;November 2020 Offering&#8221;). On November 24, 2020, the underwriters
notified us that they had exercised their option to purchase an additional 3,999,999 shares of common stock and 1,999,999 warrants in
full. After giving effect to the full exercise of the underwriters&#8217; option, we issued and sold an aggregate 30,666,665 shares of
common stock and warrants to purchase up to 15,333,332 shares of common stock. We received gross proceeds of approximately $9.2 million,
before deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and fees and expenses payable by us in connection with the November 2020
Offering.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the year ended October 31, 2021, warrant holders from the Company&#8217;s November 2020 offering exercised 10,754,932 warrants in exchange
for 10,754,932 shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock and warrant holders from the Company&#8217;s April 2021 Offering exercised
7,671,937 pre-funded warrants in exchange for 7,671,937 shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock. Pursuant to these warrant exercises,
the Company received aggregate proceeds of approximately $3.8 million which were payable upon exercise.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
January 2020, we completed a public offering of 10,000,000 shares of our common stock, which resulted in net proceeds of approximately
$9.7 million. Additionally, during the year end October 31, 2020, we sold 2,489,104 shares under the ATM program for net proceeds of
$1.531 million, and we sold 11,242,048 shares of common stock under the Lincoln Park Purchase Agreement for net proceeds of approximately
$5.1 million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of January 31, 2022, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Critical
Accounting Policies</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenue
Recognition</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
ASC 606, an entity recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the
consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements
that an entity determines are within the scope of ASC 606, the entity performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s)
with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the
transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance
obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration
it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, once the contract is determined
to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are
performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount
of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company enters into licensing agreements that are within the scope of ASC 606, under which it may exclusively license rights to research,
develop, manufacture and commercialize its product candidates to third parties. The terms of these arrangements typically include payment
to the Company of one or more of the following: non-refundable, upfront license fees; reimbursement of certain costs; customer option
exercise fees; development, regulatory and commercial milestone payments; and royalties on net sales of licensed products.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 48; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->44<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
determining the appropriate amount of revenue to be recognized as it fulfills its obligations under its agreements, the Company performs
the following steps: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised
goods or services are performance obligations including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of
the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance
obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies each performance obligation. As part of the accounting
for these arrangements, the Company must use significant judgment to determine: (a) the number of performance obligations based on the
determination under step (ii) above; (b) the transaction price under step (iii) above; and (c) the stand-alone selling price for each
performance obligation identified in the contract for the allocation of transaction price in step (iv) above. The Company uses judgment
to determine whether milestones or other variable consideration, except for royalties, should be included in the transaction price as
described further below. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation on a relative stand-alone selling price basis,
for which the Company recognizes revenue as or when the performance obligations under the contract are satisfied.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amounts
received prior to revenue recognition are recorded as deferred revenue. Amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months
following the balance sheet date are classified as current portion of deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Amounts not expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months following the balance sheet date are classified as deferred revenue,
net of current portion.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Exclusive
Licenses.</i> If the license to the Company&#8217;s intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations
identified in the arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from non-refundable, upfront fees allocated to the license when the license
is transferred to the customer and the customer is able to use and benefit from the license. In assessing whether a performance obligation
is distinct from the other performance obligations, the Company considers factors such as the research, development, manufacturing and
commercialization capabilities of the collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace.
In addition, the Company considers whether the collaboration partner can benefit from a performance obligation for its intended purpose
without the receipt of the remaining performance obligation, whether the value of the performance obligation is dependent on the unsatisfied
performance obligation, whether there are other vendors that could provide the remaining performance obligation, and whether it is separately
identifiable from the remaining performance obligation. For licenses that are combined with other performance obligation, the Company
utilizes judgment to assess the nature of the combined performance obligation to determine whether the combined performance obligation
is satisfied over time or at a point in time and, if over time, the appropriate method of measuring progress for purposes of recognizing
revenue. The Company evaluates the measure of progress each reporting period and, if necessary, adjusts the measure of performance and
related revenue recognition. The measure of progress, and thereby periods over which revenue should be recognized, are subject to estimates
by management and may change over the course of the research and development and licensing agreement. Such a change could have a material
impact on the amount of revenue the Company records in future periods.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Milestone
Payments.</i> At the inception of each arrangement that includes research or development milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether
the milestones are considered probable of being achieved and estimates the amount to be included in the transaction price using the most
likely amount method. If it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur, the associated milestone value is included
in the transaction price. An output method is generally used to measure progress toward complete satisfaction of a milestone. Milestone
payments that are not within the control of the Company or the licensee, such as regulatory approvals, are not considered probable of
being achieved until those approvals are received. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical, regulatory, commercial,
and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved
in determining whether it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur. At the end of each subsequent reporting period,
the Company re-evaluates the probability of achievement of all milestones subject to constraint and, if necessary, adjusts its estimate
of the overall transaction price. Any such adjustments are recorded on a cumulative catch-up basis, which would affect revenue and earnings
in the period of adjustment.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 49; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->45<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stock
Based Compensation</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has an equity plan which allows for the granting of stock options to its employees, directors and consultants for a fixed number
of shares with an exercise price equal to the fair value of the shares at date of grant. The Company measures the cost of services received
in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. The fair value of the award is measured on the grant
date and is then recognized over the requisite service period, usually the vesting period, in both research and development expenses
and general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statement of operations, depending on the nature of the services provided
by the employees or consultants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
process of estimating the fair value of stock-based compensation awards and recognizing stock-based compensation cost over their requisite
service period involves significant assumptions and judgments. The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards on the date
of grant using the Black Scholes Model (&#8220;BSM&#8221;) for the remaining awards, which requires that the Company makes certain assumptions
regarding: (i) the expected volatility in the market price of its shares of common stock; (ii) dividend yield; (iii) risk-free interest
rates; and (iv) the period of time employees are expected to hold the award prior to exercise (referred to as the expected holding period).
As a result, if the Company revises its assumptions and estimates, stock-based compensation expense could change materially for future
grants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for stock-based compensation using fair value recognition and records forfeitures as they occur. As such, the Company
recognizes stock-based compensation cost only for those stock-based awards that vest over their requisite service period, based on the
vesting provisions of the individual grants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Derivative
Financial Instruments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market or foreign currency risks. The Company evaluates
all of its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives.
For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair
value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. For stock-based
derivative financial instruments, the Company used the Monte Carlo simulation model and the Black-Scholes model to value the derivative
instruments at inception and on subsequent valuation dates. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments
should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative liabilities are classified
in the consolidated balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the instrument could be required
within 12 months of the balance sheet date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Intangible
Assets</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Intangible
assets primarily consist of legal and filing costs associated with obtaining patents and licenses and are amortized on a straight-line
basis over their remaining useful lives which are estimated to be twenty years from the effective dates of the University of Pennsylvania
(Penn) License Agreements, beginning in July 1, 2002. These legal and filing costs are invoiced to the Company through Penn and its patent
attorneys.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Management
has reviewed its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset might
not be recoverable and its carrying amount exceeds its fair value, which is based upon estimated undiscounted future cash flows. Net
assets are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet for patents and licenses related to AXAL, ADXS-HOT and ADXS-PSA and other products
that are in development. However, if a competitor were to gain FDA approval for a treatment before us or if future clinical trials fail
to meet the targeted endpoints, the Company would likely record an impairment related to these assets. In addition, if an application
is rejected or fails to be issued, the Company would record an impairment of its estimated book value.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Leases</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Effective
November 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC Topic 842, <i>Leases</i> (&#8220;ASC 842&#8221;) using the modified retrospective transition
approach by applying the new standard to all leases existing as of the date of initial application. Results and disclosure requirements
for reporting periods beginning after November 1, 2019 are presented under ASC 842, while prior period amounts have not been adjusted
and continue to be reported in accordance with the previous guidance in ASC 840, </span>Leases.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether an arrangement is or contains a lease based on the facts and circumstances
present in the arrangement. An arrangement is or contains a lease if the arrangement conveys the right to control the use of an identified
asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Most leases with a term greater than one year are recognized on the consolidated
balance sheet as operating lease right-of-use assets and current and long-term operating lease liabilities, as applicable. The Company
has elected not to recognize on the consolidated balance sheet leases with terms of 12 months or less. The Company typically only includes
the initial lease term in its assessment of a lease arrangement. Options to extend a lease are not included in the Company&#8217;s assessment
unless there is reasonable certainty that the Company will renew.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
lease liabilities and their corresponding right-of-use assets are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected
remaining lease term. Certain adjustments to the right-of-use asset may be required for items such as prepaid or accrued rent. The interest
rate implicit in the Company&#8217;s leases is typically not readily determinable. As a result, the Company utilizes its incremental
borrowing rate, which reflects the fixed rate at which the Company could borrow on a collateralized basis the amount of the lease payments
in the same currency, for a similar term, in a similar economic environment. In transition to ASC 842, the Company utilized the remaining
lease term of its leases in determining the appropriate incremental borrowing rates.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 50; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->46<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="z_007"></span>BUSINESS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Overview</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis
is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization of proprietary <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>,
or <i>Lm</i>, Technology antigen delivery products based on a platform technology that utilizes live attenuated <i>Lm</i> bioengineered
to secrete antigen/adjuvant fusion proteins. These <i>Lm</i>-based strains are believed to be a significant advancement in immunotherapy
as they integrate multiple functions into a single immunotherapy and are designed to access and direct antigen presenting cells to stimulate
anti-tumor T cell immunity, activate the immune system with the equivalent of multiple adjuvants, and simultaneously reduce tumor protection
in the Tumor Microenvironment, or TME, to enable T cells to eliminate tumors. The Company believes that <i>Lm</i> Technology immunotherapies
can complement and address significant unmet needs in the current oncology treatment landscape. Specifically, the Company&#8217;s product
candidates have the potential to optimize the clinical impact of checkpoint inhibitors while having a generally well-tolerated safety
profile. The Company&#8217;s passion for the clinical potential of <i>Lm</i> Technology is balanced by focus and fiscal discipline which
is directed towards improving treatment options for cancer patients and increasing shareholder value.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis
is focused on single antigen and multiple antigen delivery products and is in various stages of clinical development. All of the Company&#8217;s
products are anchored in the Company&#8217;s <i>Lm</i> Technology<sup>TM</sup>, a unique platform designed for its ability to target
various cancers in multiple ways. As an intracellular bacterium, <i>Lm</i> is an effective vector for the presentation of antigens through
both the Major Histocompatibility Complex, or MHC, I and II pathways, due to its active phagocytosis by Antigen Presenting Cells, or
APCs. Within the APCs, <i>Lm</i> produces virulence factors which allow survival in the host cytosol and potently stimulate the immune
system.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Through
a license from the University of Pennsylvania and through its own development efforts, Advaxis has exclusive access to a proprietary
formulation of attenuated <i>Lm</i> that we call <i>Lm</i> Technology. <i>Lm</i> Technology is designed to optimize this natural system,
and one of the keys to the enhanced immunogenicity of <i>Lm</i> Technology is the <i>tLLO</i>-fusion protein, which is made up of tumor
associated antigen, or TAA, fused to a highly immunogenic bacterial protein that triggers potent cellular immunity. The <i>tLLO</i>-fusion
protein is also designed to help reduce immune tolerance in the TME and to promote antigen spreading, thereby improving activity in the
TME. Multiple copies of the <i>tLLO</i>-fusion protein within each construct may increase antigen presentation and TME impact.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
the field of immunotherapy continues to evolve, the flexibility of the <i>Lm</i> Technology platform has allowed Advaxis to develop highly
innovative products. To date, <i>Lm</i> Technology has demonstrated preclinical synergy with multiple checkpoint inhibitors, co-stimulatory
agents and radiation therapy. The safety profile of all <i>Lm</i> Technology constructs seen to date across over 470 patients has been
generally predictable and manageable, consisting mostly of mild to moderate flu-like symptoms that have been transient and associated
with infusion.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>The
Advaxis Corporate Strategy and Strategic Considerations</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
strategy is to advance the <i>Lm</i> Technology platform and leverage its unique capabilities to design and develop an array of cancer
treatments. We are currently conducting or planning clinical studies of <i>Lm</i> Technology immunotherapies in non-small cell lung cancer
and other solid tumor types, prostate cancer and HPV-associated cancers. We are working with, or are in the process of identifying, collaborators
and potential licensees for these programs.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis
is currently mainly concentrating on its disease-focused, hotspot/&#8221;off-the-shelf&#8221; neoantigen-directed therapies called ADXS-HOT.
ADXS-HOT is a program that leverages the Company&#8217;s proprietary <i>Lm</i> technology to target hotspot mutations that commonly occur
in specific cancer types. ADXS-HOT drug candidates are designed to target acquired shared or &#8220;public&#8221; mutations in tumor
driver genes along with other cancer-associated antigens that also commonly occur in specific cancer types.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
expect that we will continue to invest in our core clinical program areas and will also remain opportunistic in evaluating Investigator
Sponsored Trials, or ISTs, as well as licensing opportunities as we are actively looking for partners and/or licensees for these programs.
The <i>Lm</i> Technology platform is protected by a range of patents, covering both product and process, some of which we believe can
be maintained into 2039.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 51; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->47<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
December 2021, we announced that we had terminated our merger agreement with Biosight Ltd. (&#8220;Biosight&#8221;), pursuant to which
Biosight was to merge with and into Advaxis Ltd. (&#8220;Merger Sub&#8221;), a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Advaxis, with Biosight
continuing as the surviving company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Advaxis (the &#8220;Merger&#8221;). As also announced in December
2021, we plan to continue to explore additional options to maximize stockholder value.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Lm
</i>Technology and the Immunotherapy Landscape</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
challenge of cancer immunotherapy has been to find the best overall balance between efficacy and side effects when mobilizing the body&#8217;s
immune system to fight against cancer. The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors was a significant step forward, particularly with
anti-PD-1 therapies, and brought with it impressive clinical activity in many different types of cancers, including melanoma, lung, head
and neck and urothelial cancers. However, a literature review published in <i>Science</i> in 2018 noted that anti-PD-1 monotherapy response
rates are only in the 15-25% range, and rise to &#8805;50% only in selected groups of patients with desmoplastic melanoma, Merkel carcinoma
or tumors with mismatch-repair deficiency. Development of secondary resistance with disease progression is yet another common limitation
of these therapies. Therefore, for most cancer patients, there is room for improvement. Checkpoint inhibitors can expand existing cancer
fighting cells that may already be present in low numbers and support their activity against cancer cells, but if the right cancer-fighting
cells are not present, checkpoint inhibitors may not provide clinical benefit. Similarly, there are many mechanisms of immune tolerance
that are distinct from the checkpoints which may also be blocking the immune system from fighting cancer. Based on both pre-clinical
and early clinical data, Advaxis believes that checkpoint inhibitors, when combined with treatments such as <i>Lm</i> Technology, can
have an amplified anti-tumor effect. <i>Lm </i>Technology incorporates several complementary elements that include innate immune stimulation,
potent generation of cancer-targeted T cells, ability to boost immunity through multiple treatments, enhancing lymphocyte infiltration
into tumors, reduction of non-checkpoint mediated immune tolerance within the tumor microenvironment, and promotion of antigen spreading
which may amplify the effects of treatment. These results provide rationale for further testing of <i>Lm</i> Technology agents alone
and in combination with checkpoint inhibitors.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
cancer vaccines were another development within immunotherapy and have a history beginning over 30 years ago. Unfortunately, these vaccines
have largely been unsuccessful for a variety of potential reasons. These include poor selection of targets, imbalanced antigen presentation
by inclusion of certain immune enhancing agents (adjuvants), failure to consider the blocking actions of immune tolerance, and choice
of vaccine vectors. In some cases, patients may develop neutralizing antibodies, preventing further treatments. In contrast to traditional
cancer vaccines, <i>Lm</i> Technology takes advantage of a natural pathway in the immune system that evolved to protect us against <i>Listeria
</i>infections, that also happens to generate the same type of immunity that is required when fighting cancer. The live but weakened
(attenuated) bacteria stimulate a balanced concert of innate immune triggers and present the tumor antigen target precisely where it
needs to be able to generate potent cancer fighting cells from within the immune system itself. The multitude of accompanying signals
serves to broadly mobilize most of the immune system in support of fighting what seems to be a <i>Listeria</i> infection, and is then
&#8220;re-directed&#8221; against cancer cell targets. Additionally, the unique intracellular lifecycle of <i>Listeria</i> avoids the
creation of neutralizing antibodies, thereby allowing for repeat administration as a chronic therapy with a sustained enhancing of tumor
antigen-specific T cell immunity.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Looking
back on the last two decades, there have been promising technology advancements to harness and activate killer T cells against cancers
and every day more is learned about the interplay between immunity and cancer that can lead to improved treatments. However, there are
still significant unmet needs in the immunotherapy landscape that Advaxis feels <i>Lm</i> Technology may be able to address and complement.
Specifically, <i>Lm</i> Technology has the potential to optimize and expand checkpoint inhibitor activity in combination. It also avoids
many of the limitations of previous cancer vaccine attempts by tapping into the pathway reserved for defense against <i>Listeria</i>
infection while incorporating the best cancer targets science can identify, including neoantigens that result from mutations in the cancer.
To date, <i>Lm</i> Technology products have a manageable safety profile, do not generate neutralizing antibodies lending themselves to
retreatments, and most of the products are designed to be immediately available for treatment without the complication and expense of
modifying a patient&#8217;s own cells in a laboratory.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 52; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->48<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Lm
</i>Technology: An optimized <i>Listeria</i> -based antigen delivery system</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis&#8217;
<i>Listeria</i> -based immunotherapies are designed for antigen delivery through a process of insertion of multiple copies of the proprietary
<i>tLLO</i>-fusion protein into each extrachromosomal protein expression and secretion plasmid that makes and secretes the target protein
right inside the patient&#8217;s antigen presenting cells to initiate and/or boost their immune response. The <i>tLLO</i>-fusion protein
approach was developed at the University of Pennsylvania as an improvement over insertion of a single copy of the target gene, as an
ACT-A (or other <i>Lm</i> peptide) fusion, within the bacterial genome for four key reasons:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Multiple
    copies of the DNA in the plasmids per bacteria can result in larger amounts of <i>tLLO</i> -fusion protein being expressed simultaneously,
    versus a single copy. This is designed to improve antigen presentation and immunologic priming and increases the number of T cells
    generated for a particular treatment.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>tLLO
    </i>expressed on plasmids (with or without a tumor target protein attached) has been shown preclinically to reduce numbers and immune
    suppressive function of Tregs and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, or MDSCs, in the tumor microenvironment. Presented preclinical
    data demonstrates that Tregs are destroyed as soon as five days after the first <i>Lm</i> Technology treatment and that suppressive
    M2 tumor-associated macrophages, or TAMs, are replaced by M1 macrophages which support antigen presentation and adoptive immunity.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    extrachromosal DNA plasmids themselves also contain CpG sequence patterns that trigger TLR-9, which confers additional innate immune
    stimulation beyond a listeria without the plasmids.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    multiple copies of bacterial DNA plasmids (up to 80-100 per bacteria) confers additional stimulation of the STING receptor within
    APC&#8217;s which has been associated with enhancing anti-cancer immunity in patients.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Clinical
Pipeline</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis
is focused on the development and commercialization of proprietary <i>Lm</i> Technology antigen delivery products. Advaxis has completed
and closed out clinical studies of <i>Lm</i> Technology immunotherapies in three program areas:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">HPV
    associated cancers</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Personalized
    neoantigen-directed therapies</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PSA
    directed therapy</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
these clinical program areas are anchored in the Company&#8217;s <i>Lm</i> Technology<sup>TM</sup>, a unique platform designed for its
ability to safely and effectively target various cancers in multiple ways. The Phase 1/2 study with ADXS-PSA &#177; pembrolizumab in
metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients was closed on January 25, 2021. The MEDI Phase 2 combo study (AZ) with AXAL
&#177; durvalumab in Cervical and Head and Neck Cancer and the AIM2CERV Phase 3 clinical trial with ADXS-HPV (AXAL) in cervical cancer
were closed on August 22, 2019 and June 11, 2021, respectively. The study with personalized neoantigen-directed therapies (ADXS-NEO)
was closed on May 22, 2020 and the NEO program-IND inactivation request was submitted to the FDA on May 10, 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">While
we are currently winding down clinical studies of <i>Lm</i> Technology immunotherapies in these program areas, our license agreements
continue with OS Therapies, LLC, for ADXS-HER2, and with GBP for the exclusive license for the development and commercialization of ADXS-HPV
or AXAL in Asia, Africa, and the former USSR territory, exclusive of India and certain other countries.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Advaxis
Pipeline of Product Candidates</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><img src="forms-1_001.jpg" alt="" style="height: 198px; width: 622px" /></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 53; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->49<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Disease-focused
hotspot/&#8217;off -the-shelf&#8217; neoantigen therapies (ADXS-HOT)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis
is creating a new group of immunotherapy constructs for major solid tumor cancers that combines our optimized <i>Lm</i> Technology vector
with promising targets designed to generate potent anti-cancer immunity. The ADXS-HOT program is a series of novel cancer immunotherapies
that will target somatic mutations, or hotspots; cancer testis antigens, or CTAs; and oncofetal antigens, or OFAs. These three types
of targets form the basis of the ADXS-HOT program because they are designed to be more capable of generating potent, tumor-specific,
and high-strength killer T cells, versus more traditional over-expressed native sequence tumor associated antigens. Most hotspot mutations
and OFA/CTA proteins play critical roles in oncogenesis; targeting both at once could significantly impair cancer proliferation. The
ADXS-HOT products will combine many of the potential high avidity targets that are expressed in all patients with the target disease
into one &#8220;off-the-shelf,&#8221; ready-to-administer treatment. The ADXS-HOT technology has a strong intellectual property, or IP,
position, with potential protection into 2037, and an IP filing strategy providing for broad coverage opportunities across multiple disease
platforms and combination therapies. In July 2018, the Company announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, allowed
the Company&#8217;s investigational new drug, or IND, application for its ADXS-HOT drug candidate (ADXS-503) for non-small cell lung
cancer, or NSCLC.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Phase 1/2 clinical trial of ADXS-503 is seeking to establish the recommended dose, safety, tolerability and clinical activity of ADXS-503
administered alone and in combination with a KEYTRUDA&#174; in approximately 50 patients with NSCLC, in at least five sites across the
U.S. The two dose levels with monotherapy in Part A, (1 x10<sup>8</sup> CFU and 5 x10<sup>8</sup> CFU) have been completed. Part B with
ADXS-503 (1 x10<sup>8</sup> CFU) in combination with KEYTRUDA&#174; is currently enrolling its efficacy expansion for up to 18 patients
at dose level 1 (1 x10<sup>8</sup> CFU + KEYTRUDA&#174;) with the potential to proceed to dose level 2 (5 x10<sup>8</sup> CFU + KEYTRUDA&#174;)
at a later date. Part C, which is evaluating ADXS-503 in combination with KEYTRUDA&#174; (1 x10<sup>8</sup> CFU + KEYTRUDA&#174;) as a
first-line treatment for patients with NSCLC with PD-L1 expression &#8805; 1% or who are unfit for chemotherapy, is currently enrolling
patients.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Initial
results from Part A and Part B were presented in a poster titled, &#8220;<i>Phase 1/2 Study of an Off-the-Shelf, Multi-Neoantigen Vector
(ADXS-503) Alone and in Combination with Pembrolizumab in Subjects with Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC</i>)&#8221; at the
2020 Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) Annual Meeting. ADXS-503 alone (Part A) and in combination with pembrolizumab (Part B-DL1
and Part C) appeared safe and tolerable. There were no added toxicities from combining ADXS-503 with pembrolizumab.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
Part A, ADXS-503 alone achieved stable disease in 50% (n=6) of heavily pre-treated patients including prior treatment with checkpoint
inhibitors in all but one patient. In Part B, the overall response rate (17%) and disease control rate (67%) (n=6) suggest that adding
on ADXS-503 after immediate prior progression on pembrolizumab may re-sensitize or enhance response to pembrolizumab. The first two patients
treated in the Part B achieved SD and PR for more than 10 months. Another patient with squamous histology in Part B also achieved stable
disease, suggesting this regimen may be broadly applicable across NSCLC. Patients with known KRAS mutations in tumor samples have achieved
stable disease in the study, including KRAS G12D in two out of six patients in Part A and KRAS G12V in one out of three in Part B DL1.
Mutational analysis is ongoing across all patients. Biomarker data from nine patients to date, six from Part A and three from Part B,
showed (a) activation of cytotoxic- and/or memory-CD8+ T cells in patients treated with monotherapy and in combination therapy and (b)
100% efficient priming by ADXS-503 with generation of CD8+ T cells against neoantigens in the vector as well as antigen spreading observed.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 54; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->50<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company presented updated clinical data from Part B of the ADXS-503 clinical study at ASCO Annual Meeting 2021. The poster presentation
titled &#8220;<i>A phase 1 study of an off-the-shelf, multi-neoantigen vector (ADXS-503) in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung
cancer (NSCLC) progressing on pembrolizumab as last therapy</i>&#8221; presented data on 10 patients who have been treated with ADXS-503
as an add-on therapy to patients failing pembrolizumab as last therapy with 10 patients evaluable for safety and nine patients evaluable
for efficacy. Combination therapy was well tolerated with no dose limiting toxicity or added toxicity of the two drugs. Grades 1 and
2, transient and reversible events included chills, fever, and fatigue, in approximately half of the patients. The Overall Response Rate
(&#8220;ORR&#8221;) was 11% (1/9) and Disease Control Rate (&#8220;DCR&#8221;) was 44% (4/9). Clinical benefit was durable, with an observed
partial response (&#8220;PR&#8221;) and stable disease (&#8220;SD&#8221;) sustained for over a year, and another observed SD lasting
over six months. An additional PR was maintained for approximately four months. Biomarker data demonstrate that patients who seem to
achieve clinical benefit include those with PD-L1 expression &#8805;50%, secondary resistance disease to pembrolizumab and those who show
proliferation and/or activation of NK and CD8+ T cells within the first weeks of therapy. Translational studies showed (a) antitumoral
T cell responses elicited against hot-spot mutation antigens and/or tumor-associated antigens (&#8220;TAAs&#8221;); (b) emergence of
naive CD8+ T cell clones, suggesting reactivity against novel antigens; and (c) induction of proliferation and/or activation of pre-existing
CD8+ T cell clones, including PD-1 upregulation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Enrollment
in Part B of the ongoing study will continue to further evaluate the clinical benefit and immune effects of adding on ADXS-503 to patients
progressing on pembrolizumab. An update of the clinical and translational results is expected to be presented at a medical conference
in 2Q2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis
also entered into an agreement with Columbia University Irving Medical Center in April 2021 to fund a phase 1 clinical study evaluating
ADXS-504 in patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer. The study started early in 3Q 2021 and it will be the first clinical
evaluation of ADXS-504, Advaxis&#8217; off-the-shelf neoantigen immunotherapy drug candidate for early prostate cancer.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nearly
248,530 men in the United States will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2021. It has been estimated that ~135,000 new cases undergo
radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT). Of these cases, 20&#8211;40% of pts with RP and 30&#8211;50% with RT will experience
rising prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels following local therapy (BCR) within 10 years, a condition known as biochemical recurrence
(BCR). BCR is not typically associated with imminent death, and biochemical progression may occur over a prolonged period. Clinicians
treating men with BCR thus face a difficult set of decisions in attempting to delay the onset of metastatic disease and death while avoiding
over-treating patients whose disease may never affect their overall survival or quality of life.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
phase 1 open-label study will evaluate the safety and tolerability of ADXS-504 monotherapy, administered via infusion, in 9-18 patients
with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer, i.e., those with elevation of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood after radical
prostatectomy or radical radiotherapy (external beam or brachytherapy) and who are not currently receiving androgen ablation therapy.
The study will also evaluate if the body&#8217;s immune system can control the prostate cancer following treatment with ADXS-504 monotherapy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i></i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>HPV-Related
Cancers</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company conducted several studies evaluating axalimogene filolisbac, or AXAL, for HPV-related cancers. AXAL is an <i>Lm</i>-based antigen
delivery product directed against HPV and designed to target cells expressing HPV.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
June 2019, the Company announced the closing of its AIM2CERV Phase 3 clinical trial with axalimogene filolisbac (AXAL) in high-risk locally
advanced cervical cancer. Company estimates showed that the remaining cost to complete the AIM2CERV trial ranged from $80 million to
$90 million, and initial efficacy data was not anticipated for at least three years. Therefore, results from the clinical trial were
not the basis for the decision to close the study, nor was safety as the trial recently underwent its third Independent Data Monitoring
Committee (IDMC) review with no safety issues noted. The Company has unblinded the AIM2CERV clinical data generated to date and currently
has no plans to present it at any medical conference as the data set is incomplete and inconclusive. The Company will complete the clinical
study report of the AIM2CERV Phase 3 study in 1Q 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 55; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->51<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
2014, Advaxis granted Global BioPharma, or GBP, an exclusive license for the development and commercialization of AXAL in Asia, Africa,
and the former USSR territory, exclusive of India and certain other countries. GBP is responsible for all development and commercial
costs and activities associated with the development in their territories.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
<i>HPV Program Licensing Agreements</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Biocon
Limited, or Biocon, our co-development and commercialization partner for AXAL in India and key emerging markets, filed a MAA for licensure
of this immunotherapy in India. The companies will evaluate next steps regarding potential registration in India.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Especificos
Stendhal SA de CV, or Stendhal, the Company&#8217;s co-development and commercialization partner for AXAL in Mexico, Brazil, Colombia
and other Latin American countries, agreed to pay $10 million in support payment towards the expense of AIM2CERV over the duration of
the trial, contingent upon Advaxis achieving annual project milestones, pursuant to a Co-Development and Commercialization Agreement,
or the Stendhal Agreement. The Company was in arbitration proceedings with Stendhal. For more information see the section entitled
&#8220;<i>Business &#8211; Legal Proceedings.</i>&#8221;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Knight
Therapeutics Inc., or Knight, holds an exclusive license to commercialize AXAL in Canada, as well as other product candidates.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Personalized
Neoantigen-directed Therapies (ADXS-NEO)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ADXS-NEO
is an individualized <i>Lm</i> Technology antigen delivery product developed using whole-exome sequencing of a patient&#8217;s tumor
to identify neoantigens. ADXS-NEO is designed to work by presenting a large payload of neoantigens directly into dendritic cells within
the patient&#8217;s immune system and stimulating a T cell response against cancerous cells. In October 2019, the Company announced that
it has dosed its last patient in Part A, in monotherapy, and does not intend to continue into Part B, in combination with a checkpoint
inhibitor. As a result, Advaxis has closed this study. The Company has completed the clinical study report from Part A of the ADXS-NEO
study and the NEO program-IND inactivation request has been submitted to FDA.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Prostate
Cancer (ADXS-PSA</i>)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">According
to the American Cancer Society, prostate cancer is the second most common type of cancer found in American men and is the second leading
cause of cancer death in men, behind only lung cancer. More than 160,000 men are estimated to be diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2018,
with approximately 30,000 deaths each year. Unfortunately, in about 10-20% of cases, men with prostate cancer will go on to develop castration-resistant
prostate cancer, or CRPC, which refers to prostate cancer that progresses despite androgen deprivation therapy. Metastatic CRPC, or mCRPC,
occurs when the cancer spreads to other parts of the body and there is a rising prostate-specific antigen, PSA, level. This stage of
prostate cancer has an average survival of 9-13 months, is associated with deterioration in quality of life, and has few therapeutic
options available.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Recent
data regarding checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy has shown some antitumor activity that provides disease control in a subset of patients
with bone predominant mCRPC previously treated with next generation hormonal agents and docetaxel. Data from the KEYNOTE-199 trial in
bone predominant-mCRPC patients treated with KEYTRUDA&#174;, or pembrolizumab, was updated at the ASCO GU meeting in 2019. In this trial,
the total stable disease/disease stabilization rate was 39% with no responses reported so far, and only one patient with &#8805;50% decrease
in the post-baseline PSA value. It is hypothesized that the limited activity in mCRPC may be due to 1) the inability of the checkpoint
inhibitor to infiltrate the tumor microenvironment and 2) the presence of an immunosuppressive tumor micro-environment, or TME. The combination
therapy with agents&#8212;like <i>Lm</i> constructs&#8212;that induce T cell infiltration within the tumor and decrease negative regulators
in the TME may improve performance of checkpoints in prostate cancer.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 56; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->52<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Lm
</i>Technology constructs demonstrated the ability to induce anti-tumor T cell responses and T cell infiltration in the TME and to reduce
the number and suppressive function of Tregs and MDSCs in the TME. For example, destruction of Tregs in the TME has been documented as
soon as five days after dosing <i>Lm</i> constructs in models. This reduction of immune suppression in the tumors has been attributed
to our proprietary tLLO-fusion peptides expressed by multiple copies of the plasmids in each bacteria. Because of all these effects,
it is hypothesized that <i>Lm</i> constructs can turn &#8220;cold prostate tumors&#8221; into &#8220;hot tumors&#8221; that better respond
to checkpoint inhibitors. Advaxis believes that the combination of ADXS-PSA, its immunotherapy designed to target the PSA antigen, with
a checkpoint inhibitor may provide an alternative treatment option for patients with mCRPC.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis
has entered into a clinical trial collaboration and supply agreement with Merck to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ADXS-PSA as monotherapy
and in combination with KEYTRUDA<sup>&#174;</sup>, Merck&#8217;s anti PD-1 antibody, in a Phase 1/2, open-label, multicenter, dose determination
and expansion trial in patients with previously treated metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer (KEYNOTE-046). ADXS-PSA was
tested alone or in combination with KEYTRUDA in an advanced and heavily pretreated patient population who had progressed on androgen
deprivation therapy. A total of 13 and 37 patients were evaluated on monotherapy and combination therapy, respectively. For the ADXS-PSA
monotherapy dose escalation and determination portion of the trial, cohorts were started at a dose of 1 x 10<sup>9</sup> cfu (n=7) and
successfully escalated to higher dose levels of 5x10<sup>9</sup> cfu (n=3) and 1x10<sup>10</sup> cfu (n=3) without achieving a maximum
tolerated dose. TEAEs noted at these higher dose levels were generally consistent with those observed at the lower dose level (1 x 10<sup>9
</sup>cfu) other than a higher occurrence rate of Grade 2/3 hypotension. The Recommended Phase II Dose of ADXS-PSA monotherapy was determined
to be 1x 10<sup>9</sup> cfu based on a review of the totality of the clinical data. This dose was used in combination with 200mg of pembrolizumab
in a cohort of six patients to evaluate the safety of the combination before moving into an expanded cohort of patients. The safety of
the combination was confirmed and enrollment in the expansion cohort phase was initiated. Enrollment in the study was completed in January
2017.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
the final data cutoff of September 16, 2019, median overall survival for 37 patients in the combination arm was 33.6 months (95% CI,
range 15.4-33.6 months). This updated median overall survival is an increase from the previous data presented at the American Association
for Cancer Research Annual Meeting in April 2019, where median overall survival was 21.1 months in the combination arm. The combination
of ADXS-PSA with KEYTRUDA<sup>&#174;</sup>, might be associated with prolonged OS in this population, particularly in patients with unmet
medical needs like visceral metastasis (16.4 months, range 4.0 - not reached) and those with prior docetaxel (16 months, range 6.4-34.6).
The majority of TEAEs consisted of transient and reversible Grade 1-2 chills/rigors, fever, hypotension, nausea and fatigue. The combination
of ADXS-PSA and KEYTRUDA&#174; has appeared to be well-tolerated to date, with no additive toxicity observed. The Company presented these
new data at the ASCO Genitourinary Cancers Symposium in San Francisco, CA. on February 2020 and the final results were submitted for
publication in a peer-reviewed journal in 4Q 2021 Advaxis has completed the clinical study report for the ADXS-PSA study. The Company
is currently seeking potential partners regarding opportunities to expand or advance this mCRPC program.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i></i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Other
Lm Technology Products</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i></i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span style="text-decoration: underline">HER2
Expressing Solid Tumors</span></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">HER2
is overexpressed in a percentage of solid tumors including osteosarcoma. According to published literature, up to 60% of osteosarcomas
are HER2 positive, and this overexpression is associated with poor outcomes for patients. ADXS-HER2 is an <i>Lm</i> Technology antigen
delivery product candidate designed to target HER2 expressing solid tumors including human and canine osteosarcoma. ADXS-HER2 has received
FDA and EMA orphan drug designation for osteosarcoma and has received Fast Track designation from the FDA for patients with newly-diagnosed,
non-metastatic, surgically-resectable osteosarcoma.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
phase 1B dose escalation study of ADXS31-164 in subjects with HER-2 expressing tumors was completed, and the database lock was completed
in November 2018. Overall, ADXS31-164 IV infusion at the dose of 1&#215;10<sup>9</sup> CFU appeared to be safe and well tolerated in
12 subjects treated and evaluable. No objective responses were observed in this late stage heavily pre-treated patient cohort. The results
of this study were primarily intended to describe the safety and tolerability of ADXS31-164. This study was not intended to contribute
to the evaluation of the effectiveness of ADXS31-164 for the treatment of patients with a history of HER2 expressing tumors. Advaxis
has completed the clinical study report and it has been transferred along with the ADXS31-164 program-IND to OS Therapies, as described
below.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 57; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->53<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
September 2018, the Company announced that it had granted a license to OS Therapies, LLC, or OS Therapies, for the use of ADXS31-164,
also known as ADXS-HER2, for evaluation in the treatment of osteosarcoma in humans. Under the terms of the license agreement, OS Therapies,
in collaboration with the Children&#8217;s Oncology Group, will be responsible for the conduct and funding of a clinical study evaluating
ADXS-HER2 in recurrent, completely resected osteosarcoma. In December 2020 and January 2021, we received an aggregate of $1,415,000 from
OS Therapies upon achievement of the $1,550,000 funding milestone set forth in the license agreement. <span style="background-color: white">In
April 2021, the Company achieved the second milestone set forth in the license agreement for evaluation in the treatment of osteosarcoma
in humans and received the amount due from OS Therapies of $1,375,000 in May 2021. </span>For more information, see Note 9 &#8220;Licensing
Agreements&#8221; to our audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 on page F-23 and
Note 12 &#8220;Licensing Agreements&#8221; to our unaudited interim financial statements for the three months ended January 31, 2022
and 2021 on page F-43.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span style="text-decoration: underline">Canine
Osteosarcoma</span></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 19, 2014, we entered into a definitive Exclusive License Agreement, or Aratana Agreement, with Aratana Therapeutics, Inc., or Aratana,
where we granted Aratana an exclusive, worldwide, royalty-bearing license, with the right to sublicense, certain of our proprietary technology
that enables Aratana to develop and commercialize animal health products that will be targeted for treatment of osteosarcoma and other
cancer indications in animals. A product license request was filed by Aratana for ADXS-HER2 (also known as AT-014 by Aratana) for the
treatment of canine osteosarcoma with the United States Department of Agriculture, or USDA. Aratana received communication in December
2017 that the USDA granted Aratana conditional licensure for AT-014 for the treatment of dogs diagnosed with osteosarcoma, one year of
age or older. Initially, Aratana plans to make the therapeutic available for purchase at approximately two dozen veterinary oncology
practice groups across the United States who participate in the study. Aratana received communication in December 2017 that the USDA
granted Aratana conditional licensure for AT-014 for the treatment of dogs diagnosed with osteosarcoma, one year of age or older. Aratana
is currently conducting an extended field study which is a requirement for full USDA licensure. Initially, Aratana plans to make the
therapeutic available for purchase at approximately two dozen veterinary oncology practice groups across the United States who participate
in the study.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the terms of the Aratana Agreement, Aratana paid an upfront payment to Advaxis in the amount of $1,000,000 upon signing of the Aratana
Agreement. Aratana will also pay Advaxis: (a) up to $36.5 million based on the achievement of milestone relating to the advancement of
products through the approval process with the USDA in the United States and the relevant regulatory authorities in the European Union,
or E.U., in all four therapeutic areas and up to an additional $15 million in cumulative sales milestones based on achievement of gross
sales revenue targets for sales of any and all products for use in non-human animal health applications, or the Aratana Field, (regardless
of therapeutic area), and (b) tiered royalties starting at 5% and going up to 10%, which will be paid based on net sales of any and all
products (regardless of therapeutic area) in the Aratana Field in the United States. Royalties for sales of products outside of the United
States will be paid at a rate equal to half of the royalty rate payable by Aratana on net sales of products in the United States (starting
at 2.5% and going up to 5%). Royalties will be payable on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis from first commercial sale
of a product in a country until the later of (a) the 10th anniversary of first commercial sale of such product by Aratana, its affiliates
or sub licensees in such country or (b) the expiration of the last-to-expire valid claim of our patents or joint patents claiming or
covering the composition of matter, formulation or method of use of such product in such country. Aratana will also pay us 50% of all
sublicense royalties received by Aratana and its affiliates. In fiscal year 2019, the Company received approximately $8,000 in royalty
revenue from Aratana. Additionally, in July 2019, Aratana announced that their shareholders approved a merger agreement with Elanco Animal
Health, or Elanco, whereby Elanco is now the majority shareholder of Aratana. On October 6, 2020, the Company received a notice from
Aratana, dated September 17, 2020, indicating that Aratana was terminating the Exclusive License Agreement effective December 21, 2020.
The Company did not incur any early termination penalties as a result of the termination. Aratana was required to make all payments to
the Company that were otherwise payable under the Exclusive License Agreement through the effective date of termination.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 58; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->54<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Corporate
Information</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
were originally incorporated in the State of Colorado on June 5, 1987 under the name Great Expectations, Inc. We were a publicly-traded
&#8220;shell&#8221; company without any business until November 12, 2004 when we acquired Advaxis, Inc., a Delaware corporation, through
a Share Exchange and Reorganization Agreement, dated as of August 25, 2004, which we refer to as the Share Exchange, by and among Advaxis,
the stockholders of Advaxis and us. As a result of the Share Exchange, Advaxis became our wholly-owned subsidiary and our sole operating
company. On December 23, 2004, we amended and restated our articles of incorporation and changed our name to Advaxis, Inc. On June 6,
2006, our stockholders approved the reincorporation of our company from Colorado to Delaware by merging the Colorado entity into our
wholly-owned Delaware subsidiary. Our date of inception, for financial statement purposes, is March 1, 2002 and the Company was listed
on the Nasdaq Capital Market (&#8220;Nasdaq&#8221;) in 2014. In December 2021, the Company was delisted from Nasdaq and accepted onto
the OTCQX.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
principal executive offices are located at <span style="background-color: white">9 Deer Park Drive, Suite K-1, Monmouth Junction, New
Jersey 08852, </span>and our telephone number is (609) 452-9813. We maintain a corporate website at www.advaxis.com which contains descriptions
of our technology, our product candidates and the development status of each drug. We make available free of charge through our internet
website our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to these
reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish such material to, the SEC. We
are not including the information on our website as a part of, nor incorporating it by reference into, this report. The SEC maintains
a website that contains annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other information that issuers (including us) file
electronically with the SEC. The SEC&#8217;s website address is http://www.sec.gov.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Intellectual
Property</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Protection
of our intellectual property is important to our business. We have a robust patent portfolio that protects our product candidates and
<i>Lm</i> -based immunotherapy technology. Currently, we own or have rights to several hundred patents and applications, which are owned,
licensed from, or co-owned with University of Pennsylvania, or Penn, Merck, National Institute of Health, or NIH, and/or Augusta University.
We aggressively prosecute and defend our patents and proprietary technology. Our patents and applications are directed to the compositions
of matter, use, and methods thereof, of our <i>Lm</i>-LLO immunotherapies for our product candidates, including AXAL, ADXS-PSA, ADXS-HOT,
ADXS-HER2. We have and may continue to abandon prosecuting certain patents that are not strategically aligned with the direction of the
Company.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
approach to the intellectual property portfolio is to create, maintain, protect, enforce and defend our proprietary rights for the products
we develop from our immunotherapy technology platform. We endeavor to maintain a coherent and aggressive strategic approach to building
our patent portfolio with an emphasis in the field of cancer vaccines. Issued patents which are directed to AXAL, ADXS-PSA, and ADXS-HER2
in the United States, will expire between 2021 and 2032. Issued patents directed to our product candidates AXAL, ADXS-PSA, and ADXS-HER2
outside of the United States, will expire in 2032. Issued patents directed to our <i>Lm </i>-based immunotherapy platform in the United
States, will expire between 2021 and 2031. Issued patents directed to our <i>Lm</i>-based immunotherapy platform outside of the United
States, will expire between 2021 and 2033.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have pending patent applications directed to our product candidates AXAL, ADXS-PSA, ADXS-HER2, and ADXS-HOT that, if issued would expire
in the United States and in countries outside of the United States between 2021 and 2037. We have pending patent applications directed
to methods of using of our product candidates AXAL, ADXS-PSA, ADXS-HOT, ADXS-HER2 directed to the following indications and others: prostate
cancer and her2/neu-expressing cancer, that, if issued would expire in the United States and in countries outside of the United States
between 2021 and 2037, depending on the specific indications.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
will be able to protect our technology from unauthorized use by third parties only to the extent it is covered by valid and enforceable
patents or is effectively maintained as trade secrets. Patents and other proprietary rights are an essential element of our business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
success will depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain proprietary protection for our product candidates, technology, and
know-how, to operate without infringing on the proprietary rights of others, and to prevent others from infringing our proprietary rights.
Our policy is to seek to protect our proprietary position by, among other methods, filing U.S. and foreign patent applications related
to our proprietary technology, inventions, and improvements that are important to the development of our business. We also rely on trade
secrets, know-how, continuing technological innovation, and in-licensing opportunities to develop and maintain our proprietary position.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 59; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->55<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any
patent applications which we have filed or will file or to which we have or will have license rights may not issue, and patents that
do issue may not contain commercially valuable claims. In addition, any patents issued to us or our licensors may not afford meaningful
protection for our products or technology, or may be subsequently circumvented, invalidated, narrowed, or found unenforceable. Our processes
and potential products may also conflict with patents which have been or may be granted to competitors, academic institutions or others.
As the pharmaceutical industry expands and more patents are issued, the risk increases that our processes and potential products may
give rise to interferences filed by others in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, or to claims of patent infringement by other companies,
institutions or individuals. These entities or persons could bring legal actions against us claiming damages and seeking to enjoin clinical
testing, manufacturing and marketing of the related product or process. In recent years, several companies have been extremely aggressive
in challenging patents covering pharmaceutical products, and the challenges have often been successful. If any of these actions are successful,
in addition to any potential liability for damages, we could be required to cease the infringing activity or obtain a license in order
to continue to manufacture or market the relevant product or process. We may not prevail in any such action and any license required
under any such patent may not be made available on acceptable terms, if at all. Our failure to successfully defend a patent challenge
or to obtain a license to any technology that we may require to commercialize our technologies or potential products could have a materially
adverse effect on our business. In addition, changes in either patent laws or in interpretations of patent laws in the United States
and other countries may materially diminish the value of our intellectual property or narrow the scope of our patent protection.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
also rely upon unpatented proprietary technology, and in the future may determine in some cases that our interests would be better served
by reliance on trade secrets or confidentiality agreements rather than patents or licenses. We may not be able to protect our rights
to such unpatented proprietary technology and others may independently develop substantially equivalent technologies. If we are unable
to obtain strong proprietary rights to our processes or products after obtaining regulatory clearance, competitors may be able to market
competing processes and products.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Others
may obtain patents having claims which cover aspects of our products or processes which are necessary for, or useful to, the development,
use or manufacture of our services or products. Should any other group obtain patent protection with respect to our discoveries, our
commercialization of potential therapeutic products and methods could be limited or prohibited.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>The
Drug Development Process</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
product candidates in our pipeline are at various stages of clinical development. The path to regulatory approval includes multiple phases
of clinical trials in which we collect data that will ultimately support an application to regulatory authorities to allow us to market
a product for the treatment, of a specific type of cancer. There are many difficulties and uncertainties inherent in research and development
of new products, resulting in high costs and variable success rates. Bringing a drug from discovery to regulatory approval, and ultimately
to market, takes many years and significant costs.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
process required by the FDA before product candidates may be marketed in the United States generally involves the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 0.25in">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">completion
    of preclinical laboratory tests, animal studies, and formulation studies in compliance with the FDA&#8217;s Good Laboratory Practice,
    or GLP, regulations;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">submission
    to the FDA of an Investigational New Drug Application, or IND, which must become effective before human clinical trials may begin
    at United States clinical trial sites;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">approval
    by an Institutional Review Board, or IRB for each clinical site, or centrally, before each trial may be initiated;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">adequate
    and well-controlled human clinical trials to establish the product candidate&#8217;s safety, purity, and potency for its intended
    use, performed in accordance with Good Clinical Practices, or GCPs;</span></td></tr>
</table>

<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 60; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->56<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0"></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">development
    of manufacturing processes to ensure the product candidate&#8217;s identity, strength, quality, purity, and potency;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">submission
    to the FDA of a Biologics License Application, or BLA;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">satisfactory
    completion of an FDA advisory committee review, if applicable;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">satisfactory
    completion of an FDA inspection of the manufacturing facility or facilities at which the products are produced to assess compliance
    with current cGMPs, and to assure that the facilities, methods, and controls are adequate to preserve the therapeutics&#8217; identity,
    strength, quality, purity, and potency as well as satisfactory completion of an FDA inspection of selected clinical sites and selected
    clinical investigators to determine GCP compliance; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">FDA
    review and approval of the BLA to permit commercial marketing for particular indications for use.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Preclinical
studies include laboratory evaluation of chemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and product formulation, as well as animal studies to assess
potential safety and efficacy. Such studies must generally be conducted in accordance with the FDA&#8217;s GLPs. Prior to commencing
the first clinical trial at a United States investigational site with a product candidate, an IND sponsor must submit the results of
the preclinical tests and preclinical literature, together with manufacturing information, analytical data, any available clinical data
or literature, and proposed clinical study protocols among other things, to the FDA as part of an IND. An IND automatically becomes effective
30 days after receipt by the FDA, unless the FDA notifies the applicant of safety concerns or questions related to one or more proposed
clinical trials and places the trial on a clinical hold. In such a case, the IND sponsor and the FDA must resolve any outstanding concerns
before the clinical trial can begin. Clinical holds also may be imposed by the FDA at any time before or during trials due to safety
concerns or non-compliance. A separate submission to an existing IND must also be made for each successive clinical trial conducted during
product development.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Clinical
testing, known as clinical trials or clinical studies, is either conducted internally by pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies or
managed on behalf of these companies by Clinical Research Organizations, or CROs. The process of conducting clinical studies is highly
regulated by the FDA, as well as by other governmental and professional bodies. In a clinical trial, participants receive specific interventions
according to the research plan or protocol created by the study sponsor and implemented by study investigators. Clinical trials must
be conducted in accordance with federal regulations and GCP requirements, which include the requirements that all research subjects provide
their informed consent in writing for their participation in any clinical trial, as well as review and approval of the study by an IRB.
Additionally, some clinical trials are overseen by an independent data safety monitoring board, which reviews data and advises the study
sponsor on study continuation. A protocol for each clinical trial, and any subsequent protocol amendments, must be submitted to the FDA
as part of the IND.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Clinical
trials may compare a new medical approach to a standard one that is already available or to a placebo that contains no active ingredients
or to no intervention. Some clinical trials compare interventions that are already available to each other. When a new product or approach
is being studied, it is not usually known whether it will be helpful, harmful, or no different than available alternatives. The investigators
try to determine the safety and efficacy of the intervention by measuring certain clinical outcomes in the participants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Phase
1</i>. Phase 1 clinical trials begin when regulatory agencies allow initiation of clinical investigation of a new drug or product candidate.
They typically involve testing an investigational new drug on a limited number of patients. Phase 1 studies determine a drug&#8217;s
basic safety, maximum tolerated dose, mechanism of action and how the drug is absorbed by, and eliminated from, the body. Typically,
cancer therapies are initially tested on late-stage cancer patients.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Phase
2.</i> Phase 2 clinical trials involve larger numbers of patients that have been diagnosed with the targeted disease or condition. Phase
2 clinical trials gather preliminary data on effectiveness (where the drug works in people who have a certain disease or condition) and
to determine the common short-term side effects and risks associated with the drug. If Phase 2 clinical trials show that an investigational
new drug has an acceptable range of safety risks and probable effectiveness, a company will continue to evaluate the investigational
new drug in Phase 3 studies.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 61; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->57<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Phase
3.</i> Phase 3 clinical trials are typically controlled multi-center trials that involve a larger number of patients to ensure the study
results are statistically significant. The purpose is to confirm effectiveness and safety on a large scale and to provide an adequate
basis for physician labeling. These trials are generally global in nature and are designed to generate clinical data necessary to submit
an application for marketing approval to regulatory agencies. Typically, two Phase 3 trials are required for product approval. Under
limited circumstances, however, approval may be based upon a single adequate and well-controlled clinical trial plus confirmatory evidence
or a single large multicenter trial without confirmatory evidence.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
FDA may also consider additional kinds of data in support of a BLA, such as patient experience data and real-world evidence. For genetically
targeted populations and variant protein targeted products intended to address an unmet medical need in one or more patient subgroups
with a serious or life threatening rare disease or condition, the FDA may allow a sponsor to rely upon data and information previously
developed by the sponsor or for which the sponsor has a right of reference, that was submitted previously to support an approved application
for a product that incorporates or utilizes the same or similar genetically targeted technology or a product that is the same or utilizes
the same variant protein targeted drug as the product that is the subject of the application.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reports
regarding clinical study progress must be submitted to the FDA and IRB on an annual basis. Additional reports are required if serious
adverse events or other significant safety information is found. Certain reports may also be required to be submitted to the IBC. Investigational
biologics must additionally be manufactured in accordance with cGMPs, imported in accordance with FDA requirements, and exported in accordance
with the requirements of the receiving country as well as FDA.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additionally,
under the Pediatric Research Equity Act, or PREA, BLAs or BLA supplements for a new active ingredient, dosage form, dosage regimen, or
route of administration, unless subject to the below requirement for molecularly targeted cancer products, must contain data to assess
the safety and effectiveness of the product in all relevant pediatric subpopulations. The FDA may, however, grant deferrals or full or
partial waivers of this requirement. PREA does not apply to orphan designated products approved solely for the orphan indication.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
a product is intended for the treatment of adult cancer and is directed at molecular targets that the FDA determines to be substantially
relevant to the growth or progression of pediatric cancer, even if the product has orphan designation, the application sponsors must
submit, reports from molecularly targeted pediatric cancer investigations designed to yield clinically meaningful pediatric study data,
gathered using appropriate formulations for each applicable age group, to inform potential pediatric labeling. Like PREA, FDA may grant
deferrals or waivers of some or all of this data requirement.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain
gene therapy studies are also subject to the National Institutes of Health&#8217;s Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA
Molecules, or NIH Guidelines. The NIH Guidelines include the review of the study by a local institutional committee called an institutional
biosafety committee, or IBC. The IBC assesses the compliance of the research with the NIH Guidelines, assesses the safety of the research
and identifies any potential risk to public health or the environment.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the regulations discussed above, there are a number of additional standards that apply to clinical trials involving the use
of gene therapy. The FDA has issued various guidance documents regarding gene therapies, which outline additional factors that the FDA
will consider during product development. These include guidance regarding preclinical studies; chemistry, manufacturing, and controls;
the measurement of product potency; how FDA will determine whether a gene therapy product is the same as another product for the purpose
of the agency&#8217;s orphan drug regulations; and long term patient and clinical study subject follow up and regulatory reporting.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">To
lessen the burden of subjects being required to travel to the clinic for an onsite visit during the <i>Lm</i> surveillance phase of the
studies, the <i>Lm</i> surveillance period was reduced to 1 year instead of 3 years based on an agreement with the FDA in November 2020.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 62; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->58<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Biologic
License Application (BLA)</i>. During clinical trials, companies usually also complete additional preclinical studies. Companies further
develop additional information about the product candidate&#8217;s physical characteristics and finalize the cGMP manufacturing process.
The results of the clinical trials using biologics are submitted to the FDA as part of a BLA. Following the completion of Phase 3 studies,
if the sponsor of a potential product in the United States believes it has sufficient information to support the safety and effectiveness
of the investigational biologic, the sponsor submits a BLA to the FDA requesting marketing approval. The application is a comprehensive
filing that includes the results of all preclinical and clinical studies, information about the product&#8217;s composition, and the
sponsor&#8217;s plans for manufacturing, packaging, labeling and testing the investigational new product</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Subject
to certain exceptions, the BLA must be accompanied by a substantial user fee at the time of the first submission. FDA has 60 days from
its receipt of a BLA to determine whether the application is sufficiently complete for filing and for a substantive review. If the FDA
determines that the NDA is incomplete, the FDA may refuse to file the application, in which case the applicant must address the FDA identified
deficiencies before refiling. After the BLA is accepted for filing, the FDA reviews the application to determine whether the product
meets FDA&#8217;s approval standards. The FDA aims to complete its review within ten months of the 60-day filing date. For products that
present significant improvements in the safety or effectiveness of the treatment, diagnosis, or prevention of serious conditions FDA
aims to complete its review within 6 months of the 60-day filing date. The FDA, however, does not always meet its review goal. The review
goal date may also be extended if FDA requests or the sponsor provides additional information regarding the application. As part of the
approval process, FDA will typically inspect one or more clinical sites, as well as the facility or the facilities at which the product
is manufactured to ensure GCP and cGMP compliance.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">FDA
may also refer an application for review by an independent advisory committee. Specifically, for a product candidate for which no active
ingredient (including any ester or salt of active ingredients) has previously been approved by the FDA, the FDA must either refer that
product candidate to an advisory committee or provide in an action letter, a summary of the reasons why the FDA did not refer the product
candidate to an advisory committee. While FDA is not bound by the recommendation of an advisory committee, it does carefully consider
the committee&#8217;s recommendations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After
evaluating the application, FDA may issue an approval letter, authorizing product marketing, or a Complete Response Letter, or CRL, indicating
that the application is not ready for approval. The CRL describes the application&#8217;s deficiencies and conditions that must be met
for product approval. If a CRL is issued, the applicant may resubmit the application, addressing the deficiencies, withdraw the application,
or request a hearing. Even with submission of additional information, the FDA ultimately may decide that the application is not approvable.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
approval is granted, the FDA may limit the indications for use, including the indicated population, require contraindications, warnings
or precautions be included in the product labeling, including black box warnings, or may not approve label statements necessary for successful
commercialization. FDA may also require, or companies may conduct, additional clinical trials following approval, called Phase 4 studies,
which can confirm or refute the effectiveness of a product candidate, and can provide important safety information. FDA may also require
the implementation of a risk evaluation and mitigation strategy, or REMS, which may include requirements for a medication guide or patient
package insert, a communication plan on product risks, or other elements to assure safe use.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After
approval, some types of changes to the approved product, such as adding new indications or label claims, which may themselves require
further clinical testing, or changing the manufacturing process are subject to further FDA review and approval. FDA can also require
the implementation REMS or the conduct of phase 4 studies after product approval.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Government
Regulations</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>General</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Government
authorities in the United States and other countries extensively regulate, among other things, the preclinical and clinical testing,
manufacturing, labeling, storage, record-keeping, advertising, promotion, import, export, marketing and distribution of biopharmaceutical
and drug products. In the United States, the FDA subjects drugs to rigorous review under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, or
FDCA, the Public Health Service Act, or PHSA, and implementing regulations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 63; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->59<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Orphan
Drug Designation</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the Orphan Drug Act, or ODA, the FDA may grant Orphan Drug Designation, or ODD, to a drug or biological product intended to treat a rare
disease or condition, which means a disease or condition that affects fewer than 200,000 individuals in the United States, or more than
200,000 individuals in the United States, but for which there is no reasonable expectation that the cost of developing and making a drug
or biological product available in the United States will be recovered from domestic sales of the product. Additionally, sponsors must
present a plausible hypothesis for clinical superiority to obtain ODD if there is a product already approved by the FDA that that is
considered by the FDA to be the same as the already approved product and is intended for the same indication. This hypothesis must be
demonstrated to obtain orphan exclusivity.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
benefits of ODD can be substantial, including research and development tax credits, grants and exemption from user fees. The tax advantages,
however, were limited in the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Moreover, if there is no other product that the FDA considers to be the same
product that is approve for the orphan indication, the orphan designated product is eligible for 7 years of orphan market exclusivity
once the product is approved. During that period, the FDA generally may not approve any other application for the same product for the
same indication, although there are exceptions, most notably when the later product is shown to be clinically superior to the product
with exclusivity. Other applicants, however, may receive approval of different products for the orphan indication or the same product
for a different indication during the orphan exclusivity period. In order to qualify for these incentives, a company must apply for designation
of its product as an &#8220;Orphan Drug&#8221; and obtain approval from the FDA. Orphan product designation does not convey any advantage
in or shorten the duration of the regulatory review and approval process.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
currently have ODD with the FDA for AXAL for treatment of anal cancer (granted August 2013), HPV-associated head and neck cancer (granted
November 2013); and treatment of Stage II-IV invasive cervical cancer (granted May 2014). We also have ODD with the FDA for ADXS-HER2
for the treatment of osteosarcoma (granted May 2014).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
Europe, the Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products, COMP, has issued a positive opinion on the application for ODD of AXAL for the treatment
of anal cancer (December 2015) and on the application for ODD of ADXS-HER2 for osteosarcoma (November 2015).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Expedited
Review and Approval Programs for Serious Conditions</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Four
core FDA programs are intended to facilitate and expedite development and review of new biologics to address unmet medical need in the
treatment of serious or life-threatening conditions: fast track designation, breakthrough therapy designation, accelerated approval,
and priority review. We intend to avail ourselves of any and all of these programs as applicable to our products.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">FDA
is required to facilitate the development, and expedite the review, of products that are intended for the treatment of a serious or life-threatening
disease or condition, and which demonstrate the potential to address unmet medical needs for the condition. Under the fast track program,
the sponsor of a new biologic product candidate may request that FDA designate the drug candidate for a specific indication as a fast
track drug concurrent with, or after, the filing of the IND for the product candidate. FDA must determine if the product candidate qualifies
for Fast Track Designation within 60 days of receipt of the sponsor&#8217;s request. If Fast Track Designation is obtained, sponsors
may be eligible for more frequent development meetings and correspondence with the FDA. FDA may also initiate review of sections of a
fast track product&#8217;s BLA before the application is complete. This rolling review is available if the applicant provides, and FDA
approves, a schedule for the submission of the remaining information and the applicant pays applicable user fees. However, FDA&#8217;s
time period goal for reviewing an application does not begin until the last section of the BLA is submitted.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
FDA&#8217;s accelerated approval programs, FDA may approve a product for a serious or life-threatening illness that provides meaningful
therapeutic benefit to patients over existing treatments based upon a surrogate endpoint that is reasonably likely to predict clinical
benefit, or on a clinical endpoint that can be measured earlier than irreversible morbidity or mortality, that is reasonably likely to
predict an effect on irreversible morbidity or mortality or other clinical benefit, taking into account the severity, rarity or prevalence
of the condition and the availability or lack of alternative treatments.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 64; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->60<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
clinical trials, a surrogate endpoint is a measurement of laboratory or clinical signs of a disease or condition that substitutes for
a direct measurement of how a patient feels, functions or survives. Surrogate endpoints can often be measured more easily or more rapidly
than clinical endpoints. A product candidate approved on this basis is subject to rigorous post-marketing compliance requirements, including
the completion of Phase 4 or post-approval clinical trials to confirm the effect on the clinical endpoint. Failure to conduct required
post-approval studies, or confirm a clinical benefit during post-marketing studies, will allow FDA to withdraw the product from the market
on an expedited basis. All promotional materials for product candidates approved under accelerated regulations are subject to prior review
by FDA.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the provisions of the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act, or FDASIA, enacted in 2012, a sponsor can request designation
of a product candidate as a &#8220;breakthrough therapy.&#8221; A breakthrough therapy is defined as a product that is intended, alone
or in combination with one or more other products, to treat a serious or life-threatening disease or condition, and preliminary clinical
evidence indicates that the product may demonstrate substantial improvement over existing therapies on one or more clinically significant
endpoints, such as substantial treatment effects observed early in clinical development. Products designated as breakthrough therapies
are eligible for intensive guidance on an efficient development program beginning as early as Phase 1 trials, a commitment from the FDA
to involve senior managers and experienced review staff in a proactive collaborative and cross-disciplinary review, rolling review, and
the facilitation of cross-disciplinary review.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Another
expedited pathway is the Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy, or RMAT, designation. Qualifying products must be a cell therapy, therapeutic
tissue engineering product, human cell and tissue product, or a combination of such products, and not a product solely regulated as a
human cell and tissue product. The product must be intended to treat, modify, reverse, or cure a serious or life-threatening disease
or condition, and preliminary clinical evidence must indicate that the product has the potential to address an unmet need for such disease
or condition. Advantages of the RMAT designation include all the benefits of the Fast Track and breakthrough therapy designation programs,
including early interactions with the FDA. These early interactions may be used to discuss potential surrogate or intermediate endpoints
to support accelerated approval.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Even
if a product qualifies for one or more of these programs, the FDA may later decide that the product no longer meets the conditions for
qualification or decide that the time period for FDA review or approval will not be shortened.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Disclosure
of Clinical Trial Information</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Sponsors
of clinical trials of FDA regulated products, including biologics, are required to register and submit certain clinical trial information
within specific timeframes to the National Institutes of Health, or NIH, for public dissemination on their clinicaltrials.gov website.
Information related to the product, patient population, phase of investigation, Trial sites and investigators and other aspects of the
clinical trial is then made public as part of the registration. Sponsors are also obligated to discuss the results of their clinical
trials after completion. Disclosure of the results of these trials can be delayed in certain circumstances for up to two years, depending
on the circumstances, after the date of completion of the trial. Competitors may use this publicly available information to gain knowledge
regarding the progress of development programs.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Coverage,
Pricing and Reimbursement</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Successful
commercialization of new drug products depends in part on the extent to which reimbursement for those drug products will be available
from government health administration authorities, private health insurers and other organizations. Government authorities and third-party
payors, such as private health insurers and health maintenance organizations, decide which drug products they will pay for and establish
reimbursement levels. The availability and extent of reimbursement by governmental and private payors is essential for most patients
to be able to afford a drug product. Sales of drug products depend substantially, both domestically and abroad, on the extent to which
the costs of drugs products are paid for by health maintenance, managed care, pharmacy benefit and similar healthcare management organizations,
or reimbursed by government health administration authorities, private health coverage insurers and other third-party payors.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 65; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->61<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
primary trend in the U.S. healthcare industry and elsewhere is cost containment. Government authorities and other third-party payors
have attempted to control costs by limiting coverage and the amount of reimbursement for particular drug products. In many countries,
the prices of drug products are subject to varying price control mechanisms as part of national health systems. In general, the prices
of drug products under such systems are substantially lower than in the United States. Other countries allow companies to fix their own
prices for drug products, but monitor and control company profits. Accordingly, in markets outside the United States, the reimbursement
for drug products may be reduced compared with the United States. In the United States, the principal decisions about reimbursement for
new drug products are typically made by the Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services, or CMS, an agency within the Department of
Health and Human Services, or HHS. CMS decides whether and to what extent a new drug product will be covered and reimbursed under certain
federal governmental healthcare programs, such as Medicare, and private payors tend to follow CMS to a substantial degree. However, no
uniform policy of coverage and reimbursement for drug products exists among third-party payors and coverage and reimbursement levels
for drug products can differ significantly from payor to payor. In the United States, the process for determining whether a third-party
payor will provide coverage for a biological product typically is separate from the process for setting the price of such product or
for establishing the reimbursement rate that the payor will pay for the product once coverage is approved. With respect to biologics,
third-party payors may limit coverage to specific products on an approved list, also known as a formulary, which might not include all
of the FDA-approved products for a particular indication, or place products at certain formulary levels that result in lower reimbursement
levels and higher cost sharing obligation imposed on patients. A decision by a third-party payor not to cover our product candidates
could reduce physician utilization of a product. Moreover, a third-party payor&#8217;s decision to provide coverage for a product does
not imply that an adequate reimbursement rate will be approved. Adequate third-party reimbursement may not be available to enable a manufacturer
to maintain price levels sufficient to realize an appropriate return on its investment in product development. Additionally, coverage
and reimbursement for products can differ significantly from payor to payor. One third-party payor&#8217;s decision to cover a particular
medical product does not ensure that other payors will also provide coverage for the medical product, or will provide coverage at an
adequate reimbursement rate. As a result, the coverage determination process usually requires manufacturers to provide scientific and
clinical support for the use of their products to each payor separately and is a time-consuming process.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Coverage
policies and third-party reimbursement rates may change at any time. Even if favorable coverage and reimbursement status is attained
for one or more products for which we receive regulatory approval, less favorable coverage policies and reimbursement rates may be implemented
in the future. Third-party payors are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical products and services, examining the medical
necessity and reviewing the cost-effectiveness of pharmaceutical products, in addition to questioning safety and efficacy. If third-party
payors do not consider a product to be cost-effective compared to other available therapies, they may not cover that product after FDA
approval or, if they do, the level of payment may not be sufficient to allow a manufacturer to sell its product at a profit.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, in many foreign countries, the proposed pricing for a drug must be approved before it may be lawfully marketed. The requirements
governing drug pricing and reimbursement vary widely from country to country. In the European Union, governments influence the price
of products through their pricing and reimbursement rules and control of national healthcare systems that fund a large part of the cost
of those products to consumers. Some jurisdictions operate positive and negative list systems under which products may only be marketed
once a reimbursement price has been agreed to by the government. To obtain reimbursement or pricing approval, some of these countries
may require the completion of clinical trials that compare the cost effectiveness of a particular product to currently available therapies.
Other member states allow companies to fix their own prices for medicines, but monitor and control company profits. There can be no assurance
that any country that has price controls or reimbursement limitations for pharmaceutical products will allow favorable reimbursement
and pricing arrangements for any of our products. The downward pressure on healthcare costs in general, particularly prescription products,
has become very intense. As a result, increasingly high barriers are being erected to the entry of new products. In addition, in some
countries, cross border imports from low-priced markets exert a commercial pressure on pricing within a country (particularly in the
EEA where it is illegal to impede such imports from elsewhere within the EEA).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 66; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->62<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
Healthcare Laws</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Manufacturing,
sales, promotion and other activities following product approval are also subject to regulation by numerous regulatory authorities in
the United States in addition to the FDA, including CMS, the HHS Office of Inspector General and HHS Office for Civil Rights, other divisions
of the HHS and the Department of Justice.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Healthcare
providers, physicians, and third-party payors will play a primary role in the recommendation and prescription of any products for which
we obtain marketing approval. Our current and future arrangements with third-party payors, healthcare providers and physicians may expose
us to broadly applicable fraud and abuse and other healthcare laws and regulations that may constrain the business or financial arrangements
and relationships through which we market, sell and distribute any drugs for which we obtain marketing approval. In the United States,
these laws include, without limitation, state and federal anti-kickback, false claims, physician transparency, and patient data privacy
and security laws and regulations, including but not limited to those described below.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
U.S. federal Anti-Kickback Statute, or AKS, prohibits, among other things, any person or entity from knowingly and willfully offering,
paying, soliciting, receiving or providing any remuneration, directly or indirectly, overtly or covertly, to induce or in return for
purchasing, leasing, ordering or arranging for or recommending the purchase, lease or order of any good, facility, item or service reimbursable,
in whole or in part, under Medicare, Medicaid or other federal healthcare programs. The term &#8220;remuneration&#8221; has been broadly
interpreted to include anything of value. The AKS has been interpreted to apply to arrangements between pharmaceutical and medical device
manufacturers on the one hand and prescribers, purchasers, formulary managers and beneficiaries on the other hand. Although there are
a number of statutory exceptions and regulatory safe harbors protecting some common activities from prosecution, the exceptions and safe
harbors are drawn narrowly. Failure to meet all of the requirements of a particular applicable statutory exception or regulatory safe
harbor does not make the conduct per se illegal under the AKS. Instead, the legality of the arrangement will be evaluated on a case-by-case
basis based on a cumulative review of all its facts and circumstances. Several courts have interpreted the statute&#8217;s intent requirement
to mean that if any one purpose of an arrangement involving remuneration is to induce referrals of federal healthcare covered business,
the statute has been violated. In addition, a person or entity does not need to have actual knowledge of the statute or specific intent
to violate it in order to have committed a violation. Moreover, a claim including items or services resulting from a violation of the
AKS constitutes a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the federal civil False Claims Act.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Although
we would not submit claims directly to payors, drug manufacturers can be held liable under the federal False Claims Act, which imposes
civil penalties, including through civil whistleblower or qui tam actions, against individuals or entities (including manufacturers)
for, among other things, knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented to federal programs (including Medicare and Medicaid) claims
for items or services, including drugs, that are false or fraudulent, claims for items or services not provided as claimed, or claims
for medically unnecessary items or services. The government may deem manufacturers to have &#8220;caused&#8221; the submission of false
or fraudulent claims by, for example, providing inaccurate billing or coding information to customers or promoting a product off-label.
Several biopharmaceutical, medical device and other healthcare companies have been prosecuted under federal false claims and civil monetary
penalty laws for, among other things, allegedly providing free product to customers with the expectation that the customers would bill
federal programs for the product. Other companies have been prosecuted for causing false claims to be submitted because of the companies&#8217;
marketing of products for unapproved (e.g., or off-label), and thus non-covered, uses. In addition, the civil monetary penalties statute
imposes penalties against any person who is determined to have presented or caused to be presented a claim to a federal health program
that the person knows or should know is for an item or service that was not provided as claimed or is false or fraudulent. Claims which
include items or services resulting from a violation of the federal AKS are false or fraudulent claims for purposes of the False Claims
Act.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
future marketing and activities relating to the reporting of wholesaler or estimated retail prices for our products, if approved, the
reporting of prices used to calculate Medicaid rebate information and other information affecting federal, state and third-party reimbursement
for our products, and the sale and marketing of our product candidates, are subject to scrutiny under these laws.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, or HIPAA, created additional federal criminal statutes that prohibit,
among other actions, knowingly and willfully executing, or attempting to execute, a scheme to defraud or to obtain, by means of false
or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises, any money or property owned by, or under the control or custody of, any healthcare
benefit program, including private third-party payors, knowingly and willfully embezzling or stealing from a healthcare benefit program,
willfully obstructing a criminal investigation of a healthcare offense and knowingly and willfully falsifying, concealing or covering
up a material fact or making any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statement in connection with the delivery of or payment for
healthcare benefits, items or services. Similar to the U.S. federal Anti-Kickback Statute, a person or entity does not need to have actual
knowledge of the statute or specific intent to violate it in order to have committed a violation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 67; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->63<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, there has been a recent trend of increased federal and state regulation of payments made to physicians and certain other healthcare
providers. The Affordable Care Act, or the ACA, imposed, among other things, new annual reporting requirements through the Physician
Payments Sunshine Act for covered manufacturers for certain payments and &#8220;transfers of value&#8221; provided to physicians and
teaching hospitals, as well as ownership and investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family members. Failure to submit
timely, accurately and completely the required information for all payments, transfers of value and ownership or investment interests
may result in civil monetary penalties. Covered manufacturers must submit reports by the 90th day of each subsequent calendar year and
the reported information is publicly made available on a searchable website.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may also be subject to data privacy and security regulation by both the federal government and the states in which we conduct our business.
HIPAA, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act, or HITECH, and their respective implementing
regulations, including the Final HIPAA Omnibus Rule published on January 25, 2013, impose specified requirements relating to the privacy,
security and transmission of individually identifiable health information held by covered entities and their business associates. Among
other things, HITECH made HIPAAs security standards directly applicable to &#8220;business associates,&#8221; defined as independent
contractors or agents of covered entities that create, receive, maintain or transmit protected health information in connection with
providing a service for or on behalf of a covered entity, although it is unclear that we would be considered a &#8220;business associate&#8221;
in the normal course of our business. HITECH also increased the civil and criminal penalties that may be imposed against covered entities,
business associates and possibly other persons, and gave state attorneys general new authority to file civil actions for damages or injunctions
in federal courts to enforce the federal HIPAA laws and seek attorney&#8217;s fees and costs associated with pursuing federal civil actions.
In addition, state laws govern the privacy and security of health information in certain circumstances, many of which differ from each
other in significant ways and may not have the same requirements, thus complicating compliance efforts.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Similar
state and foreign fraud and abuse laws and regulations, such as state anti-kickback and false claims laws, may apply to sales or marketing
arrangements and claims involving healthcare items or services. Such laws are generally broad and are enforced by various state agencies
and private actions. Also, many states have similar fraud and abuse statutes or regulations that may be broader in scope and may apply
regardless of payor, in addition to items and services reimbursed under Medicaid and other state programs. Some state laws require pharmaceutical
companies to comply with the pharmaceutical industry&#8217;s voluntary compliance guidelines and the relevant federal government compliance
guidance, and require drug manufacturers to report information related to payments and other transfers of value to physicians and other
healthcare providers, marketing expenditures or drug pricing.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
order to distribute products commercially, we must comply with state laws that require the registration of manufacturers and wholesale
distributors of drug and biological products in a state, including, in certain states, manufacturers and distributors who ship products
into the state even if such manufacturers or distributors have no place of business within the state. Some states also impose requirements
on manufacturers and distributors to establish the pedigree of product in the chain of distribution, including some states that require
manufacturers and others to adopt new technology capable of tracking and tracing product as it moves through the distribution chain.
Several states have enacted legislation requiring pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to establish marketing compliance programs,
file periodic reports with the state, make periodic public disclosures on sales, marketing, pricing, clinical trials and other activities,
and/or register their sales representatives, as well as to prohibit pharmacies and other healthcare entities from providing certain physician
prescribing data to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies for use in sales and marketing, and to prohibit certain other sales and
marketing practices. All of our activities are potentially subject to federal and state consumer protection and unfair competition laws.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 68; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->64<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
scope and enforcement of each of these laws is uncertain and subject to rapid change in the current environment of healthcare reform,
especially in light of the lack of applicable precedent and regulations. Federal and state enforcement bodies have recently increased
their scrutiny of interactions between healthcare companies and healthcare providers, which has led to a number of investigations, prosecutions,
convictions and settlements in the healthcare industry. It is possible that governmental authorities will conclude that our business
practices may not comply with current or future statutes, regulations or case law involving applicable fraud and abuse or other healthcare
laws and regulations. If our operations are found to be in violation of any of these laws or any other governmental regulations that
may apply to us, we may be subject to significant civil, criminal and administrative penalties, damages, fines, disgorgement, contractual
damages, reputational harm, diminished profits and future earnings, imprisonment, exclusion of drugs from government funded healthcare
programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid, and the curtailment or restructuring of our operations, as well as additional reporting obligations
and oversight if we become subject to a corporate integrity agreement or other agreement to resolve allegations of non-compliance with
these laws, any of which could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results. If any of the physicians
or other healthcare providers or entities with whom we expect to do business is found to be not in compliance with applicable laws, they
may be subject to significant criminal, civil or administrative sanctions, including exclusions from government funded healthcare programs.
Ensuring business arrangements comply with applicable healthcare laws, as well as responding to possible investigations by government
authorities, can be time- and resource-consuming and can divert a company&#8217;s attention from the business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Current
and Future Legislation</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the United States and foreign jurisdictions, there have been a number of legislative and regulatory changes and proposed changes regarding
the healthcare system that could prevent or delay marketing approval of our product candidates, restrict or regulate post-approval activities
and affect our ability to profitably sell any product candidates for which we obtain marketing approval. We expect that current laws,
as well as other healthcare reform measures that may be adopted in the future, may result in more rigorous coverage criteria and additional
downward pressure on the price that we, or any collaborators, may receive for any approved products.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
ACA, for example, contains provisions that subject biological products to potential competition by lower-cost biosimilars and may reduce
the profitability of drug products through increased rebates for drugs reimbursed by Medicaid programs, extend Medicaid rebates to Medicaid
managed care plans, provide for mandatory discounts for certain Medicare Part D beneficiaries and annual fees based on pharmaceutical
companies&#8217; share of sales to federal healthcare programs. With the President Trump administration and current Congress, there will
likely be additional administrative or legislative changes, including modification, repeal or replacement of all, or certain provisions
of the ACA, which may impact reimbursement for drugs and biologics. On January 20, 2017, President Trump signed an Executive Order directing
federal agencies with authorities and responsibilities under the ACA to waive, defer, grant exemptions from, or delay the implementation
of any provision of the ACA that would impose a fiscal or regulatory burden on states, individuals, healthcare providers, health insurers,
or manufacturers of pharmaceuticals or medical devices. On October 13, 2017, President Trump signed an Executive Order terminating the
cost-sharing subsidies that reimburse insurers under the ACA. Several state Attorneys General filed suit to stop the administration from
terminating the subsidies, but their lawsuit was dismissed by a federal judge in California on July 18, 2018. In addition, CMS has recently
finalized regulations that would give states greater flexibility in setting benchmarks for insurers in the individual and small group
marketplaces, which may have the effect of relaxing the essential health benefits required under the ACA for plans sold through such
marketplaces. Further, each chamber of Congress has put forth multiple bills, and may do so again in the future, designed to repeal or
repeal and replace portions of the ACA.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">While
Congress has not passed repeal legislation, the Tax Reform Act includes a provision that repealed, effective January 1, 2019, the tax-based
shared responsibility payment imposed by the ACA on certain individuals who fail to maintain qualifying health coverage for all or part
of a year that is commonly referred to as the &#8220;individual mandate.&#8221; Further, the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018, or the BBA,
among other things, amended the ACA, effective January 1, 2019, to increase from 50 percent to 70 percent the point-of-sale discount
that is owed by pharmaceutical manufacturers who participate in Medicare Part D and to close the coverage gap in most Medicare drug plans,
commonly referred to as the &#8220;donut hole.&#8221; Congress may consider other legislation to repeal and replace elements of the ACA.
On December 14, 2018, a U.S. District Court judge in the Northern District of Texas ruled that the individual mandate portion of the
ACA is an essential and inseverable feature of the ACA, and therefore because the mandate was repealed as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs
Act, the remaining provisions of the ACA are invalid as well. The Trump administration and CMS have both stated that the ruling will
have no immediate effect, and on December 30, 2018 the same judge issued an order staying the judgment pending appeal. A Fifth Circuit
U.S. Court of Appeals hearing to determine whether certain states and the House of Representatives have standing to appeal the lower
court decision was held on July 9, 2019, but it is unclear when a Court will render its decision on this hearing, and what effect it
will have on the status of the ACA. Litigation and legislation over the ACA are likely to continue, with unpredictable and uncertain
results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 69; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->65<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additionally,
other federal health reform measures have been proposed and adopted in the United States since the ACA was enacted:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.2in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    Budget Control Act of 2011, among other things, created measures for spending reductions by Congress. A Joint Select Committee on
    Deficit Reduction, tasked with recommending a targeted deficit reduction of at least $1.2 trillion for the years 2013 through 2021,
    was unable to reach required goals, thereby triggering the legislation&#8217;s automatic reduction to several government programs.
    These changes included aggregate reductions to Medicare payments to providers of up to 2% per fiscal year, which went into effect
    in April 2013 and, due to subsequent legislative amendments to the statute, including the BBA, will remain in effect through 2027,
    unless additional Congressional action is taken.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, among other things, reduced Medicare payments to several providers, and increased the statute
    of limitations period for the government to recover overpayments to providers from three to five years.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 required that CMS reduce the Medicare clinical laboratory fee schedule by 2%
    in 2013, which served as a base for 2014 and subsequent years. In addition, effective January 1, 2014, CMS also began bundling the
    Medicare payments for certain laboratory tests ordered while a patient received services in a hospital outpatient setting.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Further,
there has been heightened governmental scrutiny over the manner in which manufacturers set prices for their marketed products, which
have resulted in several recent Congressional inquiries and proposed and enacted bills designed to, among other things, bring more transparency
to product pricing, review the relationship between pricing and manufacturer patient programs, and reform government program reimbursement
methodologies for products. In addition, the U.S. government, state legislatures, and foreign governments have shown significant interest
in implementing cost containment programs, including price-controls, restrictions on reimbursement and requirements for substitution
of generic products for branded prescription drugs to limit the growth of government paid healthcare costs. For example, the U.S. government
has passed legislation requiring pharmaceutical manufacturers to provide rebates and discounts to certain entities and governmental payors
to participate in federal healthcare programs. Further, Congress and the current administration have each indicated that it will continue
to seek new legislative and/or administrative measures to control drug costs, and the current administration recently released a &#8220;Blueprint&#8221;,
or plan, to reduce the cost of drugs. The Blueprint contains certain measures that the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services is
already working to implement. For example, in May 2019, CMS issued a final rule to allow Medicare Advantage Plans the option of using
step therapy for Part B drugs beginning January 1, 2020. This final rule codified CMS&#8217;s policy change that was effective January
1, 2019. Congress and the Trump administration have each indicated that it will continue to seek new legislative and/or administrative
measures to control drug costs. Individual states in the United States have also been increasingly passing legislation and implementing
regulations designed to control pharmaceutical and biological product pricing, including price or patient reimbursement constraints,
discounts, restrictions on certain product access and marketing cost disclosure and transparency measures, and, in some cases, designed
to encourage importation from other countries and bulk purchasing.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Non-U.S.
Regulation</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Before
our products can be marketed outside the United States, they are subject to regulatory approval of the respective authorities in the
country in which the product should be marketed. The requirements governing the conduct of clinical trials, product licensing, pricing
and reimbursement vary widely from country to country. No action can be taken to market any product in a country until an appropriate
application has been approved by the regulatory authorities in that country. The time spent in gaining approval varies from that required
for FDA approval, and in certain countries, the sales price of a product must also be approved. The pricing review period often begins
after market approval is granted. Even if a product is approved by a regulatory authority, satisfactory prices might not be approved
for such product.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 70; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->66<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Collaborations,
Partnerships and Agreements</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaborations,
partnerships and agreements are a key component of Advaxis&#8217; corporate strategy. As a clinical stage biotechnology company without
sales revenue, partnerships are an essential part of the ongoing strategy. Additionally, the evolution of the field of immunotherapy
has resulted in combination treatments becoming ubiquitous; ongoing clinical studies and agreements with many of the leading, large oncology
pharmaceutical companies helps validate that <i>Lm</i> Technology may play a key role in the cancer treatment protocols of the future.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
collaborators and partners include Merck, OS Therapies, Biocon, Global BioPharma, Knight, and others. For more information, see Note
9, &#8220;Licensing Agreements&#8221; to our audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 on page
F-23 and Note 12 &#8220;Licensing Agreements&#8221; to our unaudited interim financial statements for the three months ended January
31, 2022 and 2021 on page F-43.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
entered into an exclusive worldwide license agreement with Penn, on July 1, 2002 with respect to the innovative work of Yvonne Paterson,
Ph.D., Associate Dean for Research at the School of Nursing at Penn, and former Professor of Microbiology at Penn, in the area of innate
immunity, or the immune response attributed to immune cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages and natural killer cells, that respond
to pathogens non-specifically (subject to certain U.S. government rights). This agreement was amended and restated as of February 13,
2007, and, thereafter, has been amended from time to time.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
license, unless sooner terminated in accordance with its terms, terminates upon the latter of (a) the expiration of the last to expire
of the Penn patent rights; or (b) twenty years after the effective date of the license. Penn may terminate the license agreement early
upon the occurrence of certain defaults by us, including, but not limited to, a material breach by us of the Penn license agreement that
is not cured within 60 days after notice of the breach is provided to us.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
license provides us with the exclusive commercial rights to the patent portfolio developed by Penn as of the effective date of the license,
in connection with Dr. Paterson and requires us to pay various milestone, legal, filing and licensing payments to commercialize the technology.
In exchange for the license, Penn received shares of our common stock. In addition, Penn is entitled to receive a non-refundable initial
license fee, royalty payments and milestone payments based on net sales and percentages of sublicense fees and certain commercial milestones.
Under the amended licensing agreement, Penn is entitled to receive 2.5% of net sales in the territory. Should annual net sales exceed
$250 million, the royalty rate will increase to 2.75%, but only with respect to those annual net sales in excess of $250 million. Additionally,
Penn will receive tiered sales milestone payments upon the achievement of cumulative global sales ranging between $250 million and $2
billion, with the maximum aggregate amounts payable to Penn in the event that maximum sales milestones are achieved is $40 million. Notwithstanding
these royalty rates, upon first in-human commercial sale (U.S. &amp; E.U.), we have agreed to pay Penn a total of $775,000 over a four-year
period as an advance minimum royalty, which shall serve as an advance royalty in conjunction with the above terms. In addition, under
the license, we are obligated to pay an annual maintenance fee of $100,000 commencing on December 31, 2010, and each December 31st thereafter
for the remainder of the term of the agreement until the first commercial sale of a Penn licensed product. We are responsible for filing
new patents and maintaining and defending the existing patents licensed to us and we are obligated to reimburse Penn for all attorney&#8217;s
fees, expenses, official fees and other charges incurred in the preparation, prosecution and maintenance of the patents licensed from
Penn.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
first regulatory approval in humans (US or EU), Penn will be entitled to a milestone payment of $600,000. Furthermore, upon the achievement
of the first sale of a product in certain fields, Penn will be entitled to certain milestone payments, as follows: $2.5 million will
be due upon the first in-human commercial sale (US or EU) of the first product in the cancer field and $1.0 million will be due upon
the date of first in-human commercial sale (US or EU) of a product in each of the secondary strategic fields sold.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Manufacturing</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">cGMPs,
are the standards identified to conform to requirements by governmental agencies that control authorization and licensure for manufacture
and distribution of biologic products for either clinical investigations or commercial sale. GMPs identify the requirements for procurement,
manufacturing, testing, storage, distribution and the supporting quality systems to ensure that a drug product is safe for its intended
application. cGMPs are enforced in the United States by the FDA, under the authorities of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and
its implementing regulations and use the phrase &#8220;current good manufacturing practices&#8221; to describe these standards.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
of Advaxis&#8217; wholly owned product candidates is manufactured using a platform process, with uniform methods and testing procedures.
This allows for an expedited pathway from construct discovery to clinical product delivery, while helping to keep cost of goods low.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis
has entered into agreements with multiple third-party organizations, or CMOs, to handle the manufacturing, testing, and distribution
of product candidates. These organizations have extensive experience within the biologics space and with the production of clinical and
commercial GMP supplies.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis
has constructed a state-of-the-art manufacturing facility and laboratory to develop and manufacture clinical-grade products, supporting
the clinical trials and future potential commercialization of the Company&#8217;s therapeutics. Increased manufacturing capability and
capacity allows Advaxis to manufacture its own material and reduce reliance on CMOs, and improve supply flexibility, scalability, lead
times, and costs of goods. The Company&#8217;s long-term manufacturing strategy is to leverage both their partners&#8217; capabilities
and their internal capabilities in order to build a supply chain that is reliable, flexible, and cost competitive.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 71; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->67<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Competition</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 15pt; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries are characterized by rapid technological developments and a high degree of competition.
As a result, our actual or proposed immunotherapies could become obsolete before we recoup any portion of our related research and development
expenses. While we believe that our product candidates, technology, knowledge and experience provide us with competitive advantages,
we face competition from established and emerging pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, among others. The biotechnology and biopharmaceutical
industries are highly competitive, and this competition comes from both biotechnology firms and from major pharmaceutical companies,
including: BioNtech, Moderna, Gritstone, BMS, AstraZeneca, Merck, Neon Therapeutics, et al., each of which is pursuing cancer vaccines
and/or immunotherapies.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Many
of these companies have substantially greater financial, marketing, and human resources than we do (including, in some cases, substantially
greater experience in clinical testing, manufacturing, and marketing of pharmaceutical products). We also experience competition in the
development of our immunotherapies from universities and other research institutions and compete with others in acquiring technology
from such universities and institutions. In addition, certain of our immunotherapies may be subject to competition from investigational
new drugs and/or products developed using other technologies, some of which have completed numerous clinical trials.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
competition will be determined in part by the potential indications for which drugs are developed and ultimately approved by regulatory
authorities. Additionally, the timing of market introduction of some of our potential immunotherapies or of competitors&#8217; products
may be an important competitive factor. Accordingly, the speed with which we can develop immunotherapies, complete preclinical testing,
clinical trials and approval processes and supply commercial quantities to market are expected to be important competitive factors. We
expect that competition among products approved for sale will be based on various factors, including product efficacy, safety, administration,
reliability, acceptance, availability, price and patent position.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Experience
and Expertise</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
management team has extensive experience in oncology development, including contract research, development, manufacturing and commercialization
across a board range of science, technologies, and process operations. We have built internal capabilities supporting research, clinical,
medical, manufacturing and compliance operations and have extended our expertise with collaborations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Employees</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 31, 2021, we had 15 employees, 14 of which were full time employees. Of our full-time employees, 1 holds a Ph.D. degree. None
of our employees are represented by a labor union, and we consider our relationship with our employees to be good.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
will continue to rent necessary offices and laboratories to support our business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Legal
Proceedings </b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Atachbarian</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
November 15, 2021, a purported stockholder of the Company commenced an action against the Company and certain of its directors in the
U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey, entitled Atachbarian v. Advaxis, Inc., et al., No. 3:21-cv-20006. The plaintiff alleges
that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties and violated Section 14(a) and Rule 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
and Rule 14A-9 promulgated thereunder by allegedly failing to disclose certain matters in the Registration Statement. On December 15,
2021, pursuant to an understanding reached with the plaintiff, the Company filed a Form 8-K with the SEC in which it made certain other
additional disclosures that mooted the demands asserted in the complaint. On December 17, 2021, the plaintiff filed a notice of voluntary
dismissal with prejudice. On February 7, 2022, the Company reached a settlement agreement, which is recorded in general and administrative
expenses in the consolidated income statement.&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Purported
Stockholder Claims Related to Biosight Transaction</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Between
September 16, 2021, and November 4, 2021, the Company received demand letters on behalf of six purported stockholders of the Company,
alleging that the Company failed to disclose certain matters in the Registration Statement, and demanding that the Company disclose such
information in a supplemental disclosure filed with the SEC. On October 14, 2021, the Company filed an Amendment to the Registration
Statement and on November 8, 2021, the Company filed a Form 8-K with the SEC in which it made certain other additional disclosures that
mooted the demands asserted in the above-referenced letters. The six plaintiffs have made a settlement demand. The Company believes it
has adequately accrued for a settlement, which is recorded in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated income statement.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, the Company received certain additional demands from stockholders asserting that the proxy materials filed by the Company in
connection with the Merger contained alleged material misstatements and/or omissions in violation of federal law. In response to these
demands, the Company agreed to make, and did make, certain supplemental disclosures to the proxy materials. At this time, the Company
is unable to predict the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stendhal</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 19, 2018, Stendhal filed a Demand for Arbitration before the International Centre for Dispute Resolution (Case No. 01-18-0003-5013)
relating to the Co-development and Commercialization Agreement with Especificos Stendhal SA de CV (the &#8220;Stendhal Agreement&#8221;).
In the demand, Stendhal alleged that (i) the Company breached the Stendhal Agreement when it made certain statements regarding its AIM2CERV
program, (ii) that Stendhal was subsequently entitled to terminate the Agreement for cause, which it did so at the time and (iii) that
the Company owes Stendhal damages pursuant to the terms of the Stendhal Agreement. Stendhal is seeking to recover $3 million paid to
the Company in 2017 as support payments for the AIM2CERV clinical trial along with approximately $0.3 million in expenses incurred. Stendhal
is also seeking fees associated with the arbitration and interest. The Company has answered Stendhal&#8217;s Demand for Arbitration and
denied that it breached the Stendhal Agreement. The Company also alleges that Stendhal breached its obligations to the Company by, among
other things, failing to make support payments that became due in 2018 and that Stendhal therefore owes the Company $3 million. Advaxis
is also seeking fees associated with the arbitration and interest.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
October 21-23, 2019, an evidentiary hearing for the arbitration was conducted. On April 1, 2020, the Arbitrator issued a final award
denying Stendhal&#8217;s claim in full. The Arbitrator found that the Company had not repudiated the Agreement and did not owe Stendhal
damages, fees, or interest associated with the arbitration. The Arbitrator also denied the Company&#8217;s claim that Stendhal breached
its obligations to the Company. The parties were ordered to bear their own attorneys&#8217; fees and evenly split administrative fees
and expenses for the arbitration.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 72; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->68<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_002"></span>MANAGEMENT</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table set forth certain information regarding our officers and directors as of the date of this prospectus.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 38%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Age</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 48%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Position</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
    David Sidransky <sup>(2)(3)(4)(5)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">61</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman
    of our Board of Directors</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
    James P. Patton <sup>(1)(4)(5)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">64</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vice
    Chairman of our Board of Directors</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Roni
    A. Appel <sup>(1)(5)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">55</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Kenneth
    A. Berlin</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">57</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">President
    and Chief Executive Officer, Director</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Richard
    J. Berman <sup>(1)(2)(3)(5)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">79</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
    Samir N. Khleif <sup>(2)(3)(4)(5)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">58</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Andres
    Gutierrez</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">61</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
    Medical Officer and Executive Vice President</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Igor
    Gitelman</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">46</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interim Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer, VP of Finance</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; padding-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(1)
    </span></td>
    <td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Member
    of our Audit Committee.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(2)
    </span></td>
    <td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Member
    of our Compensation Committee.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(3)
    </span></td>
    <td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Member
    of our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(4)
    </span></td>
    <td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Member
    of our Research and Development Committee.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(5)
    </span></td>
    <td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Independent
    director under Nasdaq listing rules.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Dr.
David Sidransky</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
Sidransky currently serves as the Chairman of our Board of Directors and has served as a member of our Board of Directors since July
2013. He is a renowned oncologist and research scientist named and profiled by TIME magazine in 2001 as one of the top physicians and
scientists in America, recognized for his work with early detection of cancer. Since 1994, Dr. Sidransky has been the Director of the
Head and Neck Cancer Research Division and Professor of Oncology, Otolaryngology, Genetics, and Pathology at Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine. He has served as Chairman or Lead of the Board of Directors of Champions Oncology since October 2007 and was a director
and Vice-Chairman of ImClone Systems until its merger with Eli Lilly Inc. He is the Chairman of Tamir Biotechnology and Ayala and serves
on the Board of Directors of Galmed and Orgenesis. He has served on scientific advisory boards of MedImmune, Roche, Amgen, and Veridex,
LLC (a Johnson &amp; Johnson diagnostic company), among others. Dr. Sidransky served as Director (2005-2008) of the American Association
for Cancer Research (AACR). He earned his B.S. from Brandeis University and his Medical Doctorate from Baylor College of Medicine. Dr.
Sidransky&#8217;s experience in life science companies, as well as his scientific knowledge, qualify him to service as our director and
non-executive chairman.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Dr.
James P. Patton</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
Patton currently serves as the Vice Chairman of our Board of Directors, has served as the Chairman of our Board and has been a member
of our Board of Directors since February 2002. Furthermore, Dr. Patton was the Chairman of our Board of Directors from November 2004
until December 2005, as well as a period from July 2013 until May 2015, and was our Chief Executive Officer from February 2002 to November
2002. Since February 1999, Dr. Patton has been the Vice President of Millennium Oncology Management, Inc., which is a consulting company
in the field of oncology services delivery. Dr. Patton was a trustee of Dundee Wealth US, a mutual fund family, from October 2006 through
September 2014. He is a founder and has been chairman of VAL Health, LLC, a health care consultancy, from 2011 to the present. In addition,
he was President of Comprehensive Oncology Care, LLC, a company that owned and operated a cancer treatment facility in Exton, Pennsylvania
from 1999 until its sale in 2008. From February 1999 to September 2003, Dr. Patton also served as a consultant to LibertyView Equity
Partners SBIC, LP, a venture capital fund based in Jersey City, New Jersey. From July 2000 to December 2002, Dr. Patton served as a director
of Pinpoint Data Corp. From February 2000 to November 2000, Dr. Patton served as a director of Healthware Solutions. From June 2000 to
June 2003, Dr. Patton served as a director of LifeStar Response. He earned his B.S. from the University of Michigan, his Medical Doctorate
from Medical College of Pennsylvania, and his M.B.A. from Penn&#8217;s Wharton School. Dr. Patton was also a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Clinical Scholar. He has published papers regarding scientific research in human genetics, diagnostic test performance and medical economic
analysis. Dr. Patton&#8217;s experience as a trustee and consultant to funds that invest in life science companies provide him with the
perspective from which we benefit. Additionally, Dr. Patton&#8217;s medical experience and service as a principal and director of other
life science companies make Dr. Patton particularly qualified to serve as our director and non-executive vice chairman.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 73; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->69<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Roni
A. Appel</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr.
Appel has served as a member of our Board of Directors since November 2004. He was our President and Chief Executive Officer from January
1, 2006 until December 2006 and Secretary and Chief Financial Officer from November 2004 to September 2006. From December 15, 2006 to
December 2007, Mr. Appel served as a consultant to us. Mr. Appel currently is a self-employed consultant and the Co-Founder and President
of Spirify Pharma Inc. Previously, he served as Chief Executive Officer of Anima Biotech Inc., from 2008 through January 31, 2013. From
1999 to 2004, he was a partner and managing director of LV Equity Partners (f/k/a LibertyView Equity Partners). From 1998 until 1999,
he was a director of business development at Americana Financial Services, Inc. From 1994 to 1996, he worked as an attorney. Mr. Appel
holds an M.B.A from Columbia University (1998) and an LL.B. from Haifa University (1994). Mr. Appel&#8217;s longstanding service with
us and his entrepreneurial investment career in early stage biotech businesses qualify him to serve as our director.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Kenneth
Berlin</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr.
Berlin has served as our President and Chief Executive Officer and a member of our Board of Directors since April 2018. Mr. Berlin previously
 served as our Interim Chief Financial Officer from September 2020 to May 2022. Prior to joining Advaxis, Mr. Berlin
served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Rosetta Genomics from November 2009 until April 2018. Prior to Rosetta Genomics, Mr.
Berlin was Worldwide General Manager at cellular and molecular cancer diagnostics developer Veridex, LLC, a Johnson &amp; Johnson company.
At Veridex he grew the organization to over 100 employees, launched three cancer diagnostic products, led the acquisition of its cellular
diagnostics partner, and delivered significant growth in sales as Veridex transitioned from an R&amp;D entity to a commercial provider
of oncology diagnostic products and services. Mr. Berlin joined Johnson &amp; Johnson in 1994 and served as corporate counsel for six
years. From 2001 until 2004 he served as Vice President, Licensing and New Business Development in the pharmaceuticals group, and from
2004 until 2007 served as Worldwide Vice President, Franchise Development, Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics. Mr. Berlin holds an A.B. degree
from Princeton University and a J.D. from the University of California Los Angeles School of Law. Mr. Berlin&#8217;s experience in life
science companies, as well as his business experience in general qualify him to service as our director.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Richard
J. Berman</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr.
Berman has served as a member of our Board of Directors since September 1, 2005. Richard Berman&#8217;s business career spans over 35
years of venture capital, senior management and merger and acquisitions experience. In the past 5 years, Mr. Berman has served as a director
and/or officer of over a dozen public and private companies. From 2006-2011, he was Chairman of National Investment Managers, a company
with $12 billion in pension administration assets. Mr. Berman currently serves as a director of four public healthcare companies Cryoport
Inc., Advaxis, Inc., BioVie, Inc. and BriaCell Therapeutics. Recently, he became a director of Comsovereign Holding Corp, a leader in
the drone market. From 2002 to 2010, he was a director at Nexmed Inc. (now Apricus Biosciences, Inc.) where he also served as Chairman/CEO
in 2008 and 2009. From 1998-2000, he was employed by Internet Commerce Corporation (now Easylink Services) as Chairman and CEO and served
as director from 1998-2012. Previously, Mr. Berman worked at Goldman Sachs, was Senior Vice President of Bankers Trust Company, where
he started the M&amp;A and Leveraged Buyout Departments, created the largest battery company in the world in the 1980s by merging Prestolite,
General Battery and Exide to form Exide Technologies (XIDE), helped to create what is now Soho (NYC) by developing five buildings, and
advised on over $4 billion of M&amp;A transactions (completed over 300 deals). He is a past Director of the Stern School of Business
of NYU where he obtained his B.S. and M.B.A. He also has US and foreign law degrees from Boston College and The Hague Academy of International
Law, respectively. Mr. Berman&#8217;s extensive knowledge of our industry, his role in the governance of publicly held companies and
his directorships in other life science companies qualify him to serve as our director.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 74; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->70<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Dr.
Samir Khleif</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
Khleif has served as a member of our Board of Directors since October 2014. He currently serves as the Director of the State of Georgia
Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center and the Cancer Service Line. Dr. Khleif was formerly Chief of the Cancer Vaccine
Section at the NCI, and also served as a Special Assistant to the Commissioner of the FDA leading the Critical Path Initiative for oncology.
Dr. Khleif is a Georgia Research Alliance Distinguished Cancer Scientist and Clinician and holds a professorship in Medicine, Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, and Graduate Studies at Georgia Regents University. Dr. Khleif&#8217;s research program at Georgia Regents University
Cancer Center focuses on understanding the mechanisms of cancer-induced immune suppression, and utilizing this knowledge for the development
of novel immune therapeutics and vaccines against cancer. His research group designed and performed some of the first cancer vaccine
clinical trials targeting specific genetic changes in cancer cells. He led many national efforts and committees on the development of
biomarkers and integration of biomarkers in clinical trials, including the AACR-NCI-FDA Cancer Biomarker Collaborative and the ASCO Alternative
Clinical Trial Design. Dr. Khleif is the author of many book chapters and scientific articles on tumor immunology and biomarkers process
development, and he is the editor for two textbooks on cancer therapeutics, tumor immunology, and cancer vaccines. Dr. Khleif was inducted
into the American Society for Clinical Investigation, received the National Cancer Institute&#8217;s Director Golden Star Award, the
National Institutes of Health Award for Merit, the Commendation Medal of the US Public Health Service, and he was recently appointed
to the Institute of Medicine National Cancer Policy Forum. Dr. Khleif&#8217;s distinguished career as well as his extensive expertise
in vaccines and immunotherapies qualify him to serve as our director.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Andres
Gutierrez, M.D., Ph.D.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">Dr.
Gutierrez has served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer since April 2018. Prior to joining Advaxis, Dr. Gutierrez
served as Chief Medical Officer for Oncolytics Biotech, Inc. from November 2016 to April 2018. Prior to Oncolytics, Dr. Gutierrez was
Chief Medical Officer at SELLAS Life Sciences Group from November 2015 to September 2016 and was Medical Director, Early Development
Immuno-Oncology at Bristol-Myers Squibb from October 2012 to November 2015, where he oversaw the development of translational and clinical
development of immuno-oncology programs in solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Earlier, Dr. Gutierrez was Medical Director for
several biotechnology companies, including Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Proteolix and Oculus Innovative Sciences,
leading key programs with talazoparib and carfilzomib, among others. Prior to Oculus, he served as Director of the Gene &amp; Cell Therapy
Unit at the National Institutes of Health in Mexico City and as a consultant physician at the Hospital Angeles del Pedregal.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="background-color: white"><b>Igor
Gitelman</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="background-color: white">Mr. Gitelman
has served as the Company&#8217;s Interim Chief Financial Officers since May 2022, VP of Finance since November 2020 and Chief Accounting
Officer since February 2021. Before joining the Company, Mr. Gitelman served as CFO Executive Financial Consultant for Accu Reference
Medical Labs, a clinical diagnostic laboratory. Before that, from February 2017 through November 2018, Mr. Gitelman served as a chief
accounting officer of Cancer Genetics, Inc., a drug discovery, preclinical oncology, and immuno-oncology services company. Prior to that,
Mr. Gitelman served as an Assistant to Vice President (AVP) of Finance and Tax at clinical diagnostic laboratory, BioReference Laboratories,
Inc., from October 2005 to October 2016. During this time at BioReference Laboratories, Inc., Mr. Gitelman held various positions of
increasing responsibility managing the company&#8217;s internal audit function, SEC financial reporting, tax and corporate finance functions.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Director
Independence</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
of our incumbent non-employee directors is independent in accordance with the definition set forth in the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market
LLC, though our shares of common stock are not currently listed on that exchange. Each nominated member of each of our Board committees
is an independent director under the Nasdaq standards applicable to such committees. The Board considered the information included in
transactions with related parties as outlined below along with other information the Board considered relevant, when considering the
independence of each director.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>The
Audit Committee</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Audit Committee of our Board of Directors is currently composed of three directors, all of whom satisfy the independence and other standards
for Audit Committee members under the Nasdaq rules and the Exchange Act rules. The Audit Committee is responsible for recommending the
engagement of auditors to the full Board, reviewing the results of the audit engagement with the independent registered public accounting
firm, identifying irregularities in the management of our business in consultation with our independent accountants, and suggesting an
appropriate course of action, reviewing the adequacy, scope, and results of the internal accounting controls and procedures, reviewing
the degree of independence of the auditors, as well as the nature and scope of our relationship with our independent registered public
accounting firm, and reviewing the auditors&#8217; fees. As of the date of this prospectus, the Audit Committee is composed of Messrs.
Berman and Appel and Dr. Patton, with Mr. Berman serving as the Audit Committee&#8217;s financial expert as defined under Item 407 of
Regulation S-K and Nasdaq listing rules.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 75; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->71<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Compensation
Committee</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors currently consists of Mr. Berman, and Drs. Khleif and Sidransky. The Compensation Committee
determines the salaries, bonuses, and incentive and equity compensation of our officers subject to applicable employment agreements,
provides recommendations for the salaries and incentive compensation of our other employees and consultants, and reviews and oversees
our compensation programs and policies generally. For executives other than the Chief Executive Officer, the Compensation Committee receives
and considers performance evaluations and compensation recommendations submitted to the Committee by the Chief Executive Officer. In
the case of the Chief Executive Officer, the evaluation of his performance is conducted by the Compensation Committee, which determines
any adjustments to his compensation as well as awards to be granted. The agenda for meetings of the Compensation Committee is usually
determined by its Chairman, with the assistance of the Company&#8217;s Chief Executive Officer.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Nominating
and Corporate Governance Committee</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of our Board of Directors currently consists of Mr. Berman, and Drs. Patton, Khleif and
Sidransky. The functions of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee include identifying and recommending to the Board individuals
qualified to serve as members of the Board and on the committees of the Board, advising the Board with respect to matters of board composition,
procedures and committees, developing and recommending to the Board a set of corporate governance principles applicable to us and overseeing
corporate governance matters generally including review of possible conflicts and transactions with persons affiliated with directors
or members of management, and overseeing the annual evaluation of the Board and our management.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Research
and Development Committee</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Research and Development Committee was established in August 2013 with the purpose of providing advice and guidance to the Board on scientific
and medical matters and development. The Research and Development Committee currently consists of Drs. Sidransky, Khleif and Patton.
The functions of the Research and Development Committee include providing advice and guidance to the Board on scientific matters and
providing advice and guidance to the Board on medical matters.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 76; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->72<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_003"></span>COMPENSATION
OF DIRECTORS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
table below summarizes the compensation that was earned by our non-employee directors for fiscal year 2021:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Name</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Fees Earned or Paid<br /> in Cash ($) (1)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Option<br /> Awards ($) (2)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Total ($)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%; text-align: justify">Dr. David Sidransky</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">105,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">105,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Dr. James Patton</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">87,500</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">87,500</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Roni A. Appel</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">62,500</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">62,500</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Richard J. Berman</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">72,500</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">72,500</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Dr. Samir N. Khleif</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">67,500</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">67,500</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.3in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.3in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(1)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 98%; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Represents
    the annual retainers paid in cash for director services in fiscal year 2021.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(2)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reflects
    the aggregate grant date fair value of stock options determined in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. The assumptions used in determining
    the grant date fair values of the stock options are set forth in Note 7 to the Company&#8217;s financial statements.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 77; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->73<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font: small-caps 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: small-caps 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><span id="sur_004"></span>EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table sets forth the compensation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, and our &#8220;named executive
officers,&#8221; for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Summary
Compensation Table</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Name and Principal Position</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Fiscal<br /> Year</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Salary</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Bonus<br /> <sup>(1)</sup></b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Stock<br /> Award(s)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Option<br /> Award(s)<br /> <sup>(2)</sup></b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>All Other<br /> Compensation<br /> <sup>(3)</sup></b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 34%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Kenneth Berlin <sup>(4)</sup></span></td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: center">2021</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">569,670</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 5%; text-align: right">-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">55,728</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">625,398</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">President, Chief Executive Officer</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">554,320</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">554,320</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">26,000</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">53,809</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;1,188,449</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Igor Gitelman <sup>(4)</sup></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">259,135</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">15,777</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">38,733</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">313,645</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Interim Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer, VP of Finance</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Andres Gutierrez <sup>(4)</sup></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;438,208</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">33,824</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">472,032</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Senior VP, Chief Medical Officer</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">426,130</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;170,560</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">26,000</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">27,575</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">650,265</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(1)
    </sup>Represents annual incentive bonuses for services performed during fiscal 2020, which in each case were paid in the following
    fiscal year. In fiscal 2020, the NEOs received bonuses approximating 100% for Mr. Berlin and 40% for Dr. Gutierrez. These bonuses
    reflect achievement of corporate goals and objectives for fiscal 2020.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(2)
    </sup>Reflects the aggregate grant date fair value of stock options determined in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. The assumptions
    used in determining the grant date fair values of the stock options are set forth in Note 7 to the Company&#8217;s financial statements.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(3)
    </sup>All Other Compensation is more fully described in the table under &#8220;All Other Compensation &#8211; Supplemental&#8221;
    below.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(4)
    </sup>Mr. Berlin and Mr. Gutierrez began their employment with the Company as the CEO and the CMO, respectively, in April 2018. Mr.
    Gitelman began his employment with the Company as VP of Finance in November 2020 and has been our Chief Accounting Officer
    since February 2021 and our  Interim Chief Financial Officer since May 2022.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>All
Other Compensation &#8211; Supplemental</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Fiscal</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Health<br /> Insurance<br /> Premiums</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Life and AD&amp;D Insurance</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Matching<br /> Contributions<br /> to 401(k) Plan</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Other</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Total</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Name and Principal Position</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Year</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%; text-align: justify">Kenneth Berlin</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 8%; text-align: center">2021</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">32,526</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">696</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">21,906</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">600</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">55,728</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">President, Chief Executive Officer</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">26,402</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">5,568</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">21,239</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">600</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">53,809</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Igor Gitelman</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">29,442</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">665</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">8,049</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">577</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">38,733</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Interim Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer, VP of Finance</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Andres Gutierrez</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">32,526</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">698</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">600</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">33,824</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Senior VP, Chief Medical Officer</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">26,399</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">576</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">600</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">27,575</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 78; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->74<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Employment
Agreements with Named Executive Officers</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company appointed Mr. Berlin as President and Chief Executive Officer, effective April 23, 2018. The Company and Mr. Berlin entered into
an employment agreement, effective April 23, 2018, which provides for an initial three-year term, after which it will be automatically
renewed for one year periods, unless otherwise terminated by either party upon ninety (90) days&#8217; written notice. The employment
agreement provides that Mr. Berlin will receive a base salary of $576,493 per year, as adjusted for annual increases by the Compensation
Committee since entry of the agreement, and he is eligible for an annual bonus targeted at 55% of his base salary based on achievement
of performance goals in the discretion of the Compensation Committee. Mr. Berlin also received a one-time lump-sum bonus equal to $150,000
that was paid within fifteen (15) days following the effective date of the agreement. Mr. Berlin also received 50,000 stock options and
16,667 restricted stock units (both as adjusted to account for our 1 for 15 reverse stock split effective March 29, 2019), which vest
in equal instalments over the first three years of his employment. In May 2020, Mr. Berlin received an additional 50,000 stock options,
which vest in equal instalments of 16,667 options on the first three anniversary dates of the grant.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company appointed Mr. Gitelman as Chief Accounting Officer, effective February 11, 2021. Mr. Gitelman does not have an employment agreement
with the Company. In November 2020, Mr. Gitelman received an 50,000 stock options, which vest in equal instalments of 16,667 options
on the first three anniversary dates of the grant.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company appointed Mr. Gutierrez as Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer, effective April 23, 2018. The Company and Mr.
Gutierrez entered into an employment agreement, effective April 23, 2018, which provides for an initial three-year term, after which
it will be automatically renewed for one year periods, unless otherwise terminated by either party upon ninety (90) days&#8217; written
notice. The employment agreement provides that Mr. Gutierrez will receive a base salary of $443,456 per year, as adjusted for annual
increases by the Compensation Committee since entry of the agreement, and eligible for an annual bonus based on achievement of performance
goals at the discretion of the Compensation Committee. Mr. Gutierrez also received a one-time lump-sum bonus equal to $40,000 that was
paid within the first ninety (90) days following the effective date of the agreement. Mr. Gutierrez also received 16,667 stock options
(as adjusted to account for our 1 for 15 reverse stock split effective March 29, 2019), which vest annually on the first three anniversaries
of his employment as an equity incentive award. In May 2020, Mr. Gutierrez received an additional 50,000 stock options, which vest in
equal installments of 16,667 options on the first three anniversary dates of the grant.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the event Mr. Gutierrez employment is terminated without Just Cause, or if he voluntarily resigns with Good Reason, or if his employment
is terminated due to disability (all as defined in their respective employment agreements), and so long as he executes a confidential
separation and release agreement, in addition to the applicable base salary, plus any accrued but unused vacation time and unpaid expenses
that have been earned as of the date of such termination, he is entitled to the following severance benefits: (i) twelve months of base
salary payable in in equal monthly installments, (ii) a bonus payment for the year in which the employment is terminated equal to the
target bonus percentage, multiplied by the base salary in effect at the time of termination, (iii) continued health and welfare benefits
for 12 months, and (iv) full vesting of all stock options and stock awards (with extension of the exercise period for stock options by
two years).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the event Mr. Berlin&#8217;s employment is terminated without Just Cause during the period beginning 3 months prior to a Change in Control
(as defined in Mr. Berlin&#8217;s employment agreement) and ending 18 months after the Change in Control (such period, the &#8220;CIC
Protection Period&#8221;), or if Mr. Berlin voluntarily resigns with Good Reason, during the CIC Protection Period, and provided that
Mr. Berlin continues to comply with certain covenants set forth in his employment agreement, in addition to the applicable base salary
and any earned but unpaid bonus for the prior fiscal year, plus any accrued but unused vacation time and unpaid expenses that have been
earned as of the date of such termination, Mr. Berlin is entitled to the following severance benefits: (i) an amount equal to 1.75 times
the sum of the applicable base salary plus an amount equal to Mr. Berlin&#8217;s target bonus, payable in a single lump sum within sixty
(60) days of the termination, (ii) a bonus payment for the year in which the employment is terminated equal to the target bonus percentage,
multiplied by the base salary in effect at the time of termination, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of
calendar days Mr. Berlin was employed during such year and the denominator is 365, (iii) continued health and welfare benefits for 21
months, and (iv) full vesting and exercisability of all stock options and stock awards.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
named executive officer employment agreements contain customary covenants regarding non-solicitation, non-compete, confidentiality and
works for hire.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 79; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->75<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Potential
Payments Upon Termination or Change-in-Control</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Termination
of Employment</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
described above under &#8220;Employment Agreements with Named Executive Officers,&#8221; the Company has entered into employment agreements
with two of the named executive officers that provide for certain severance payments and benefits in the event the named executive officer&#8217;s
employment with the Company is terminated under certain circumstances.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, upon a Change in Control of the Company, unvested equity awards held by two of the executive officers will be accelerated as
follows: (i) outstanding stock options and other awards in the nature of rights that may be exercised shall become fully vested and exercisable,
(ii) time-based restrictions on restricted stock, restricted stock units and other equity awards shall lapse and the awards shall become
fully vested, and (iii) performance-based equity awards, if any, shall become vested and shall be deemed earned based on an assumed achievement
of all relevant performance goals at &#8220;target&#8221; levels, and shall payout pro rata to reflect the portion of the performance
period that had elapsed prior to the Change in Control.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
table below shows the estimated value of benefits to each of the named executive officers if their employment had been terminated under
various circumstances as of October 31, 2021. The amounts shown in the table exclude accrued but unpaid base salary, unreimbursed employment-related
expenses, accrued but unpaid vacation pay, and the value of equity awards that were vested by their terms as of October 31, 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Involuntary<br /> Termination<br /> without a<br /> Change in<br /> Control ($)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Involuntary<br /> Termination<br />
 in
    connection with<br /> a Change in<br /> Control ($)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Death<br /> ($)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Disability ($)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Termination for Cause;<br /> Voluntary<br /> Resignation ($)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Kenneth Berlin</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 35%; font-style: italic; text-align: justify">Cash severance</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">576,493</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><sup>(1)</sup></td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,563,737</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><sup>(5)</sup></td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">576,493</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><sup>(1)</sup></td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-style: italic; text-align: justify">Bonus</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">317,071</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(7)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">317,071</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(2)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">317,071</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(2)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">317,071</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(7)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-style: italic; text-align: justify">Health benefits</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">34,885</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(3)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">61,049</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(6)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">34,885</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(3)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-style: italic; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Value of equity Acceleration</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">2,917</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><sup>(4)</sup></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">2,917</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><sup>(4)</sup></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">2,917</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><sup>(4)</sup></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">2,917</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><sup>(4)</sup></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Total</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">931,366</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,944,774</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">319,988</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">931,366</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Andres Gutierrez</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-style: italic; text-align: justify">Cash severance</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">443,456</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(1)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">443,456</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(1)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">443,456</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(1)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-style: italic; text-align: justify">Bonus</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">177,382</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(7)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">177,382</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(7)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">177,382</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(7)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">177,382</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(7)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-style: italic; text-align: justify">Health benefits</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">34,885</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(3)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">34,885</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(6)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">34,885</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(3)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-style: italic; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Value of equity Acceleration</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,458</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><sup>(4)</sup></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,458</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><sup>(4)</sup></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,458</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><sup>(4)</sup></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,458</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><sup>(4)</sup></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Total</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">657,181</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">657,181</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">178,840</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">657,181</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Igor Gitelman</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-style: italic; text-align: justify">Cash severance</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-style: italic; text-align: justify">Bonus</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-style: italic; text-align: justify">Health benefits</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-style: italic; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Value of equity Acceleration</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Total</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.2in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(1)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reflects
    severance payment equal to one times base salary payable in equal monthly instalments for 12 months.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(2)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reflects
    pro rata bonus determined by multiplying the target bonus amount for the year in which the termination occurs by a fraction, the
    numerator of which is the number of calendar days the executive is employed during such year and the denominator of which is 365.
    Because the amounts reflected in the table assume the named executive officer&#8217;s employment was terminated on October 31, 2021
    (the last day of the 2021 fiscal year), the amounts reflected are not pro-rated.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 80; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->76<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.2in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(3)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reflects
    the Company&#8217;s cost of continued health coverage at active employee rates for 12 months.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(4)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reflects
    the value of unvested in-the-money stock options that vest upon the designated event.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(5)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
    Mr. Berlin, reflects 1.75 times the sum of his base salary and target bonus, payable in equal monthly installments for 21 months.
    For the other named executive officer, equals one times base salary, payable in equal monthly installments for 12 months.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(6)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reflects
    the full cost of continued health coverage for 21 months for Mr. Berlin and 12 months for the other named executive officer.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(7)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Represents
    a bonus payment equal to the executive&#8217;s target bonus.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_005"></span>Outstanding
Equity Awards at 2021 Fiscal Year-End</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes all outstanding equity awards held by our named executive officers at fiscal year-end. The market or payout
value of unearned shares, units or rights that have not vested equals $0.485, which was the closing price of Advaxis&#8217; shares of
common stock on Nasdaq on October 31, 2021 and for performance based restricted stock units presumes that the target performance goals
are met.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Name</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number of<br /> Securities<br /> Underlying<br /> Unexercised<br /> Options (#)<br /> Exercisable</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number of<br /> Securities<br /> Underlying<br /> Unexercised<br /> Options (#)<br /> Unexercisable</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Option<br /> Exercise<br /> Price ($)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Option<br /> Expiration<br /> Date</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number of<br /> Shares or<br /> Units of Stock<br /> That Have Not<br /> Vested (#)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Value of<br /> Shares or<br /> Units of Stock<br /> That Have Not<br /> Vested ($)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Kenneth Berlin</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">50,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><sup>(1)</sup></td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">24.30</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 8%; text-align: center">4/23/2028</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">14,222</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,111</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(2)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">8.10</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">11/5/2028</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">33,333</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">16,667</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(3)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">0.31</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">10/24/2029</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">16,667</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">33,333</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(4)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">0.66</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">5/4/2030</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Igor Gitelman</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">50,000</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(6)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">0.39</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">11/16/2030</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Andres Gutierrez</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">16,667</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(5)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">24.30</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">4/23/2028</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">5,556</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,777</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(2)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">8.10</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">11/05/2028</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">16,667</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">8,333</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(3)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">0.31</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">10/24/2029</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">16,667</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">33,333</td><td style="text-align: left"><sup>(4)</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">0.66</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">5/4/2030</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.2in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(1)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Of
    these options, one-third vested on December 31, 2018, one-third vested on April 23, 2020, and the award was fully vested on April
    23, 2021.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(2)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Of
    these options, one-third vested on November 5, 2019, one-third vested on November 5, 2020, and the award will be fully vested on
    November 5, 2021.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(3)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Of
    these options, one-third vested on October 24, 2020, one-third vested on October 24, 2021, and the award will be fully vested on
    October 24, 2022.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(4)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Of
    these options, one-third vested on May 4, 2021, one-third vested on May 4, 2022, and the award will be fully vested on May
    4, 2023.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(5)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Of
    these options, one-third vested on April 23, 2019, one-third vested on April 23, 2020, and the award was fully vested on April 23,
    2021.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(6)</sup></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Of
    these options, one-third vested on November 16, 2021, one-third will vest on November 16, 2022, and the award will be fully
    vested on November 16, 2023.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 81; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->77<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_006"></span>SECURITY
OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock by (a) each person who is known
to us to be the owner of more than five percent (5%) of shares of our common stock, (b) each of our directors, (c) each of the named
executive officers, and (d) all directors and executive officers and executive employees as a group. For purposes of the table, a person
or group of persons is deemed to have beneficial ownership of any shares that such person has the right to acquire within 60 days of
April 30, 2022. The percentage of ownership is based on 145,638,459 shares outstanding as of April 30, 2022. Unless otherwise indicated
by footnote, the address for each of the beneficial owners set forth in the table below is c/o Advaxis, Inc., 9 Deer Park Drive, Suite
K-1, Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852. Unless otherwise indicated, the persons or entities identified in this table have sole voting and investment
power with respect to all shares shown as beneficially owned by them, subject to applicable community property laws.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold">Name of Beneficial Owner</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<b>Total # of Shares Beneficially Owned</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Percentage of Ownership Before
    this Offering</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Percentage of Ownership After
    this Offering</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Kenneth Berlin <sup>(1)</sup></span></td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">159,666</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Igor Gitelman <sup>(2)</sup></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">16,667</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">David Sidransky <sup>(3)</sup></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">33,355</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Roni Appel <sup>(4)</sup></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">36,993</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Richard Berman <sup>(5)</sup></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">28,446</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Samir Khleif <sup>(6)</sup></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">32,307</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James Patton <sup>(7)</sup></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">44,212</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Andres Gutierrez <sup>(8)</sup></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">78,750</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;*</span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>All Current Directors and Officers as a Group (8 People) <sup>(9)</sup></b></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">430,396</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<b>*</b></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><b>%</b></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<b>*</b></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><b>%</b></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*Less
than 1%</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(1)
</sup>Represents 21,667 issued shares of our common stock and options to purchase 137,999 shares of our Common Stock exercisable within
60 days.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(2)
</sup>Represents options to purchase 16,667 shares of our common stock exercisable within 60 days.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(3)
</sup>Represents 7,355 issued shares of our common stock and options to purchase 26,000 shares of our common stock exercisable within
60 days.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(4)
</sup>Represents 10,476 issued shares of our common stock, options to purchase 24,628 shares of our common stock exercisable within 60
days and warrants to purchase 1,889 shares of our common stock exercisable within 60 days.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(5)
</sup>Represents 3,711 issued shares of our common stock and options to purchase 24,735 shares of our common stock exercisable within
60 days.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(6)
</sup>Represents 4,639 issued shares of our common stock and options to purchase 27,668 shares of our common stock exercisable within
60 days.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(7)
</sup>Represents 19,117 issued shares of our common stock and options to purchase 25,095 shares of our common stock exercisable within
60 days.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(8)
</sup>Represents 3,750 issued shares of our common stock and options to purchase 75,000 shares of our common stock exercisable within
60 days.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><sup>(9)
</sup>Represents 70,715 issued shares of our common stock, options to purchase 357,792 shares of our common stock exercisable within
60 days and warrants to purchase 1,889 shares of our common stock exercisable within 60 days.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 82; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->78<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_007"></span>Securities
Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Equity
Compensation Plan Information</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table includes information related to shares available and outstanding awards under our equity incentive plans as of October
31, 2021:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Plan Category</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number of<br /> Securities to be<br /> issued upon<br /> Exercise of<br /> outstanding<br /> Options,<br /> Warrants and<br /> Rights (#)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted-average<br /> Exercise Price of<br /> Outstanding Options,<br /> Warrants and Rights ($)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number of<br /> Securities<br /> Remaining<br /> Available for<br /> Future Issuance<br /> Under Equity<br /> Compensation<br /> Plans (#)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%; text-align: justify">Equity Compensation Plans approved by security holders</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">893,946</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">19.32</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">5,127,985</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Equity Compensation Plans not approved by security holders</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">TOTAL:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">893,946</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">19.32</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">5,127,985</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Compensation
Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
members of the Compensation Committee during the 2021 fiscal year were of Mr. Berman, and Drs. Khleif and Sidransky. During the 2021
fiscal year, no member of our Compensation Committee was an officer, former officer or employee of the Company or had any direct or indirect
material interest in a transaction with us or in a business relationship with the Company that would require disclosure under the applicable
rules of the SEC. In addition, no interlocking relationship existed between any member of our Compensation Committee, any member of our
Board, or one of our executive officers, and any member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any other company.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Compensation
Committee Report</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis with management. Based on this review and
discussion, our Compensation Committee recommended to our Board of Directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included
in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    Compensation Committee</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; width: 1.5in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 0.3in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
    David Sidransky &#8211; Chair</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
    Samir Khleif</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Richard
    Berman</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 83; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->79<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_008"></span>CERTAIN
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS, DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
policy is to enter into transactions with related parties on terms that, on the whole, are no more favorable, or no less favorable, than
those available from unaffiliated third parties. Based on our experience in the business sectors in which we operate and the terms of
our transactions with unaffiliated third parties, we believe that all transactions that we enter will meet this policy standard at the
time they occur. Presently, we have no such related party transactions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Director
Independence</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
accordance with the disclosure requirements of the SEC, we have adopted the Nasdaq listing standards for independence. Each of our non-employee
directors is independent in accordance with the definition set forth in the Nasdaq rules. Each nominated member of each of our Board
committees is an independent director under the Nasdaq standards applicable to such committees. The Board considered the information
included in transactions with related parties as outlined below along with other information the Board considered relevant, when considering
the independence of each director.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 84; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->80<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_009"></span>DESCRIPTION
OF SECURITIES</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a summary of certain rights and privileges of the shares of common stock of Advaxis, Inc. (&#8220;Advaxis,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221;
&#8220;our,&#8221; or the &#8220;Company&#8221;).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
summary does not purport to be complete. Reference is made to the provisions of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation,
and our Amended and Restated Bylaws.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Common
Stock</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
our Certificate of Incorporation, our is authorized to issue 170,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 5,000,000
shares of &#8220;blank check&#8221; preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. As of April 30, 2022, we had outstanding 145,638,459
shares of common stock. Contingent on the pricing of this offering, we expect our outstanding shares of common stock to be subject to
a one-for- reverse stock split.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Dividends</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Holders
of shares of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably any dividends declared by our Board of Directors (the &#8220;Board&#8221;)
out of funds legally available for that purpose, subject to any preferential dividend rights of any outstanding Preferred Stock (&#8220;Preferred
Stock&#8221;). All outstanding shares are fully-paid and non-assessable.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Conversion
Rights</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
shares of common stock are not convertible into other securities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Sinking
Fund Provisions</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shares
of our common stock have no sinking fund provisions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Redemption
Provisions</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shares
of our common stock have no right to redemption.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Voting
Rights</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on each matter submitted to a vote of stockholders.
Holders of shares of our common stock do not have a cumulative voting right, which means that the holders of more than one-half of the
outstanding shares of common stock, subject to the rights of the holders of the Preferred Stock, if any, can elect all of our directors,
if they choose to do so. In this event, the holders of the remaining shares of common stock would not be able to elect any directors.
Our Board is not classified.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Except
as otherwise required by Delaware law, and subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Stock, if any, all stockholder action is
taken by the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock voting as a single class present at a meeting of stockholders
at which a quorum consisting of one-third of the outstanding shares of common stock is present in person or proxy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Liquidation
Rights</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs, holders of shares common stock would
be entitled to share ratably in our assets that are legally available for distribution to stockholders after payment of liabilities and
applicable distribution to the holders of our Preferred Stock (if any outstanding).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Preemption
Rights</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shares
of our common stock have no right to preemption.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 85; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->81<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Certificate
of Incorporation and Bylaws Provisions</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws contain provisions that could have the effect of discouraging potential acquisition proposals
or making a tender offer or delaying or preventing a change in control, including changes a stockholder might consider favorable. In
particular, the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, as applicable, among other things:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">provide
    our Board with the ability to alter its Bylaws without stockholder approval; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">provide
    that vacancies on our Board may be filled by a majority of directors in office, although less than a quorum.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Such
provisions may have the effect of discouraging a third party from acquiring us, even if doing so would be beneficial to our stockholders.
These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continuity and stability in the composition of our Board and in the policies
formulated by them, and to discourage some types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened change in control of us. These
provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal and to discourage some tactics that may be
used in proxy fights. We believe that the benefits of increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate with the proponent of
an unfriendly or unsolicited proposal to acquire or restructure us outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging such proposals because,
among other things, negotiation of such proposals could result in an improvement of their terms. However, these provisions could have
the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts.
These provisions also may have the effect of preventing changes in our management.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Stock
Exchange Listing</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shares
of our common stock are listed on the OTCQX under the symbol &#8220;ADXS.&#8221; We have applied to list our common stock on the Nasdaq
under the symbol &#8220;ADXS&#8221;. Although we believe that as of the consummation of this offering, we will meet the listing criteria
for listing of our common stock on Nasdaq, there is no assurance that our application will be approved.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">On May 10, 2022, we were
notified by the OTCQX that our common stock closed below $0.10 for more than 30 consecutive calendar days and no longer meets the Standards
for Continued Qualification for the OTCQX U.S. tier as per the OTCQX Rules for U.S. Companies. If the bid price for the common stock
has not stayed at or above the $0.10 minimum for ten consecutive trading days by November 7, 2022, then our common stock will be moved
from OTCQX to the OTC Pink market.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Common
Stock Purchase Warrants to be Issued as Part of this Offering</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following summary of certain terms and provisions of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants that are being offered hereby is not complete
and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the provisions of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants, the form of which is filed
as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Prospective investors should carefully review the
terms and provisions of the form of Common Stock Purchase Warrants for a complete description of the terms and conditions of the Common
Stock Purchase Warrants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Duration
and Exercise Price</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
Common Stock Purchase Warrant included in the units will have an initial exercise price equal to $ per share of common stock. The Common
Stock Purchase Warrants will be immediately exercisable and will expire on the &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;anniversary&#160; of the original issuance date. The exercise
price and number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of stock dividends,
stock splits, reorganizations or similar events affecting shares of our common stock and the exercise price. A Common Stock Purchase
Warrant to purchase one share of our common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Cashless
Exercise</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If,
at the time a holder exercises its Common Stock Purchase Warrants, a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of
common stock underlying the Common Stock Purchase Warrants under the Securities Act is not then effective or available for the issuance
of such shares, then in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to us upon such exercise in payment of the
aggregate exercise price, the holder may elect instead to receive upon such exercise (either in whole or in part) the net number of shares
of common stock determined according to a formula set forth in the Common Stock Purchase Warrants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 86; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->82<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Exercisability</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part, by delivering to us a duly executed
exercise notice accompanied by payment in full for the number of shares of our common stock purchased upon such exercise (except in the
case of a cashless exercise as discussed below). A holder (together with its affiliates) may not exercise any portion of the Common Stock
Purchase Warrant to the extent that the holder would own more than 4.99% of the outstanding shares of common stock immediately after
exercise, except that upon at least 61 days&#8217; prior notice from the holder to us, the holder may increase the amount of ownership
of outstanding stock after exercising the holder&#8217;s Common Stock Purchase Warrants up to 9.99% of the number of shares of our common
stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the
terms of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants. Purchasers of Common Stock Purchase Warrants in this offering may also elect prior to the
issuance of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants to have the initial exercise limitation set at 9.99% of our outstanding shares common
stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Fractional
Shares</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No
fractional shares of common stock will be issued upon the exercise of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants. Rather, the number of shares
of common stock to be issued will be rounded to the nearest whole number, or the Company shall pay a cash adjustment in respect of the
fractional share.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Transferability</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Subject
to applicable laws, the Common Stock Purchase Warrants may be offered for sale, sold, transferred or assigned without our consent. There
is currently no trading market for the Common Stock Purchase Warrants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Exchange
Listing</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
is no trading market available for the Common Stock Purchase Warrants on any securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system.
We do not intend to list the Common Stock Purchase Warrants on any securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Right
as a Shareholder</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Except
as otherwise provided in the Common Stock Purchase Warrants or by virtue of such holder&#8217;s ownership of shares of our common stock,
the holders of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our shares of common stock, including
any voting rights, until they exercise their Common Stock Purchase Warrants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Fundamental
Transaction</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the event of a fundamental transaction, as described in the Common Stock Purchase Warrants and generally including any reorganization,
recapitalization or reclassification of our shares of common stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all
of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the acquisition of more than 50% of our outstanding
shares of common stock, or any person or group becoming the beneficial owner of 50% of the voting power represented by our outstanding
common stock, the holders of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the Common Stock Purchase
Warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the Common
Stock Purchase Warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Transfer
Agent, Warrant Agent and Registrar</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
transfer agent, warrant agent and registrar for shares of our common stock is Continental Stock Transfer and Trust Company, 17 Battery
Place, 8th Floor, New York, NY 10004.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 87; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->83<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_010"></span>MATERIAL
U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>FOR
NON-U.S. HOLDERS OF SHARES OF COMMON STOCK</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a general discussion of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of shares of
common stock by a beneficial owner that is a &#8220;non-U.S. holder,&#8221; other than a non-U.S. holder that owns, or has owned, actually
or constructively, more than 5% of the shares of our common stock. This discussion addresses only the U.S. federal income tax considerations
of non-U.S. holders that are initial purchasers of shares of our common stock pursuant to the offering. For purposes of this discussion,
a &#8220;non-U.S. holder&#8221; is a person or entity that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is not a U.S. person. For U.S. federal
income tax purposes, a U.S. person includes:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 57px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 24px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">an
    individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a
    corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any political
    subdivision thereof; or</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">an
    estate the income of which is includible in gross income regardless of source; or</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a
    trust that (A) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and the control of one or more U.S. persons,
    or (B) otherwise has validly elected to be treated as a U.S. domestic trust.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
an entity that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds shares of common stock, the U.S. federal income
tax treatment of a partner will generally depend on the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership. Partnerships
owning shares of common stock and partners in such partnerships should consult their tax advisers as to the particular U.S. federal income
tax consequences of owning and disposing of shares of common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
discussion is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, administrative pronouncements, judicial decisions and Treasury
Regulations, all as of the date hereof, changes to any of which subsequent to the date of this prospectus may affect the tax consequences
described herein. This discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to non-U.S. holders
in light of their particular circumstances and does not address any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or foreign
jurisdiction. Prospective holders are urged to consult their tax advisers with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of
owning and disposing of shares of common stock, including the consequences under the laws of any state, local or foreign jurisdiction.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Dividends</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dividends
paid to a non-U.S. holder of shares of common stock generally will be subject to withholding tax at a 30% rate or a reduced rate specified
by an applicable income tax treaty. In order to obtain a reduced rate of withholding, a non-U.S. holder will be required to provide an
Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN, or appropriate substitute form, certifying its entitlement to benefits under a treaty.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Special
certification and other requirements apply to certain non-U.S. holders that are pass-through entities rather than companies or individuals.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
withholding tax does not apply to dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder who provides an Internal Revenue Service Form W-8ECI, or appropriate
substitute form, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder&#8217;s conduct of a trade or business
within the United States. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the non-U.S.
holder were a U.S. resident, subject to an applicable income tax treaty providing otherwise. A non-U.S. corporation receiving effectively
connected dividends may also be subject to an additional &#8220;branch profits tax&#8221; imposed at a rate of 30% (or a lower treaty
rate).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Gain
on Disposition of Shares of Common Stock</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on gain realized on a sale or other disposition of shares of
common stock unless the gain is effectively connected with a trade or business of the non-U.S. holder in the United States or we are
or have been a &#8220;U.S. real property holding company.&#8221; Gain that is effectively connected with a non-U.S. holder&#8217;s U.S.
trade or business will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the non-U.S. holder were a U.S. person, subject to an applicable treaty
providing otherwise. A non-U.S. corporation recognizing effectively connected gain may also be subject to an additional &#8220;branch
profits tax&#8221; imposed at a rate of 30% (or a lower treaty rate).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Information
Reporting and Backup Withholding Requirements</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Information
returns will be filed with the Internal Revenue Service in connection with payments of dividends. A non-U.S. holder may have to comply
with certification procedures to establish that it is not a U.S. person in order to avoid information reporting and backup withholding
tax requirements with respect to payments of dividends or a sale or disposition of shares of common stock. The certification procedures
required to claim a reduced rate of withholding under a treaty will satisfy the certification requirements necessary to avoid the backup
withholding tax as well. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a non-U.S. holder will be allowed as a credit against
such holder&#8217;s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle such holder to a refund, provided that the required information
is timely furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 88; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->84<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_011"></span>UNDERWRITING</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A.G.P./Alliance
Global Partners, or A.G.P., is acting as the sole book-running manager in this offering. Subject to the terms and conditions in the underwriting
agreement, dated &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;, 2022, by and between us and A.G.P., A.G.P, as the underwriter, has agreed to purchase from us, and we have agreed
to sell, shares of common stock and Common Stock Purchase Warrants, at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount set
forth on the cover page of this prospectus.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
underwriting agreement provides that the obligation of the underwriter to purchase all of the shares and Common Stock Purchase Warrants
being offered to the public, other than those covered by the over-allotment option, is subject to certain conditions and the underwriter
is obligated to purchase all of the shares of common stock and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants offered hereby if any of the shares
are purchased.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the underwriting agreement, we have agreed to indemnify the underwriter against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the
Securities Act, or to contribute to payments which the underwriter or other indemnified parties may be required to make in respect of
any such liabilities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Commissions
and Expenses</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides information regarding the amount of the underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid to the underwriter
by us. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriter&#8217;s option to purchase additional shares
and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants to cover over-allotments, if any.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Per Share</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Per <br />Warrant</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Without</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Over-Allotment</b></span></p></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>With</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Over-Allotment</b></span></p></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 36%; text-align: left">Underwriting discount</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proceeds, before expenses, to us<sup>(1)</sup></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 24px; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Includes
    payment to A.G.P. of non-accountable expenses incurred in connection with this offering in an amount equal to 0.5% of the gross proceeds
    of the offering.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, we have agreed to reimburse the underwriter for certain out-of-pocket expenses incurred by it up to an aggregate of $75,000
with respect to this offering, in the event the offering is not consummated.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have agreed to sell the shares and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants at the offering price less the underwriting discount set forth on
the cover page of this prospectus. We cannot be sure that the offering price will correspond to the price at which shares of our common
stock will trade following this offering.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Over-Allotment
Option</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have granted the underwriter an over-allotment option. This option, which is exercisable for up to 45 days after the date of this prospectus,
permits the underwriter to purchase a maximum of additional shares and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants from us to cover over-allotments,
if any. If the underwriter exercises all or part of this option, it will purchase shares and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants covered
by the option at the public offering price that appears on the cover page of this prospectus, less the underwriting discount and non-accountable
expense reimbursement of 0.5% of the gross proceeds from the sale of such additional securities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Lock-Up
Agreements</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
executive officers, directors and certain of our significant stockholders have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, to a 90-day &#8220;lock-up&#8221;
from the date of this prospectus relating to shares of our common stock that they beneficially own, including the issuance of shares
of common stock upon the exercise of currently outstanding options and options which may be issued without the prior written consent
of A.G.P. This means that, for a period of 90 days following the date of this prospectus, such persons may not offer, sell, pledge or
otherwise dispose of these securities without the prior written consent of the underwriter, subject to certain exceptions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 89; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->85<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, the underwriting agreement provides that we will not, for a period of 90 days following the date of this prospectus, offer,
sell or distribute any of our securities, without the prior written consent of A.G.P.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Stabilization</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Until
the distribution of the securities offered by this prospectus is completed, rules of the SEC may limit the ability of the underwriter
to bid for and to purchase shares of our common stock. As an exception to these rules, the underwriter may engage in transactions effected
in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act that are intended to stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the
shares of our common stock. The underwriter may engage in over-allotment sales, syndicate covering transactions, stabilizing transactions
and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 24px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 24px; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stabilizing
    transactions permit bids or purchases for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of the shares of common stock,
    so long as stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Over-allotment
    involves sales by the underwriter of securities in excess of the number of securities the underwriter are obligated to purchase,
    which creates a short position. The short position may be either a covered short position or a naked short position. In a covered
    short position, the number of shares of common stock over-allotted by the underwriter is not greater than the number of shares of
    common stock that they may purchase in the over-allotment option. In a naked short position, the number of shares of common stock
    involved is greater than the number of shares in the over-allotment option. The underwriter may close out any covered short position
    by either exercising their over-allotment option or purchasing shares of our common stock in the open market.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Covering
    transactions involve the purchase of securities in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover short
    positions. In determining the source of securities to close out the short position, the underwriter will consider, among other things,
    the price of securities available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase securities
    through the over-allotment option. If the underwriter sells more shares of common stock than could be covered by the over-allotment
    option, creating a naked short position, the position can only be closed out by buying securities in the open market. A naked short
    position is more likely to be created if the underwriter is concerned that there could be downward pressure on the price of the securities
    in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Penalty
    bids permit the underwriter to reclaim a selling concession from a selected dealer when the securities originally sold by the selected
    dealer are purchased in a stabilizing or syndicate covering transaction.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
stabilizing transactions, covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our
securities or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the shares of our common stock. As a result, the price of our
securities may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Neither
we nor the underwriter make any representation or prediction as to the effect that the transactions described above may have on the prices
of our securities. These transactions may occur on any trading market. If any of these transactions are commenced, they may be discontinued
without notice at any time.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
prospectus may be made available in electronic format on internet sites or through other online services maintained by the underwriter
or its affiliates. In those cases, prospective investors may view offering terms online and may be allowed to place orders online. Other
than this prospectus in electronic format, any information on the underwriter&#8217;s or its affiliates&#8217; websites and any information
contained in any other website maintained by the underwriter or any affiliate of the underwriter is not part of this prospectus or the
registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved and/or endorsed by us or the underwriter and should
not be relied upon by investors.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 90; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->86<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_012"></span>LEGAL
MATTERS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
validity of the shares of common stock and Common Stock Warrants offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Morgan, Lewis
&amp; Bockius LLP, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the underwriter by Sullivan &amp; Worcester
LLP, New York, New York.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_013"></span>EXPERTS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
financial statements of the Company as of October 31, 2021 and 2020 and for each of the two years in the period ended October 31, 2021
included in this prospectus have been so included in reliance on the report of Marcum LLP, an independent registered public accounting
firm, given on the authority of such firm as experts in auditing and accounting.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_014"></span>WHERE
YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are a reporting company and file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may
inspect and copy these materials at the Public Reference Room maintained by the SEC at Room 100 F Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549.
Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information on the Public Reference Room. You can also find our SEC filings at the SEC&#8217;s
website at www.sec.gov. You may also inspect reports and other information concerning us at the offices of the Nasdaq Stock Market at
1735 K Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006. We intend to furnish our stockholders with annual reports containing audited financial statements
and such other periodic reports as we may determine to be appropriate or as may be required by law.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
primary website address is <i><span style="text-decoration: underline">www.advaxis.com</span></i>. Corporate information can be located by clicking on the &#8220;Investor Relations&#8221;
link on the top of the home page, and then clicking on &#8220;SEC Filings&#8221; in the menu. We make our periodic SEC reports (Forms
10-Q and Forms 10-K) and current reports (Form 8-K) available free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after
they are filed electronically with the SEC. We may from time to time provide important disclosures to investors by posting them in the
Investor Relations section of our website, as allowed by SEC&#8217;s rules. The information on the website listed above is not and should
not be considered part of this prospectus and is intended to be an inactive textual reference only.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 91; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->87<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="zzz_001"></span><b>ADVAXIS,
INC.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>INDEX</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><b>Audited Consolidated Financial Statements</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 90%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 8%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Page</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><a href="#v_0001"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</span></a></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-2</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><a href="#v_0002"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated Balance Sheets</span></a></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-3</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><a href="#v_0003"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated Statements of Operations</span></a></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-4</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><a href="#v_0004"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated Statements of Shareholders&#8217; Equity</span></a></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-5</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><a href="#v_0005"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows</span></a></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-6</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><a href="#v_0006"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</span></a></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-8</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unaudited
Interim Consolidated Financial Statements</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 0.75in; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Page
    No.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><a href="#ajk_001">FINANCIAL INFORMATION</a></b></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center">F-30</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#ajk_001">Financial Statements (unaudited)</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center">F-30</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><a href="#Na_003"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets</span></a></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center">F-30</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><a href="#Na_004"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations</span></a></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center">F-31</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><a href="#Na_005"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows</span></a></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center">F-32</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><a href="#Na_006"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements</span></a></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center">F-33</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 92; Options: NewSection; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->1<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span id="v_0001"></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">To
the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Advaxis, Inc.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Opinion
on the Financial Statements</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Advaxis, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) as of October 31, 2021
and 2020, the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders&#8217; equity and cash flows for each of the two years
in the period ended October 31, 2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the &#8220;financial statements&#8221;). In
our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of October 31,
2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended October 31, 2021,
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Basis
for Opinion</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company&#8217;s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company&#8217;s
financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
(United States) (&#8220;PCAOB&#8221;) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal
securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company
is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits
we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion
on the effectiveness of the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error
or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits
provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><b>Critical Audit Matters
</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify">The critical audit matters communicated are matters
arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit
committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially
challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 50%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
  Marcum <span style="font-variant: small-caps">llp</span></i></span></td>
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 50%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Marcum
  <span style="font-variant: small-caps">llp</span></span></td>
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We have
  served as the Company&#8217;s auditor since 2012.</span></td>
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New
  York, NY</span></td>
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">February 14,</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> 2022</span></td>
  <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 93; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->2<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ADVAXIS,
INC.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span id="v_0002"></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(In
thousands, except share and per share data)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_305_111_pn3n3_zRtQze1VyHM2" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_49B_20211031_ziYs2XLBFIj8" style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_499_20201031_zzYM22qfuG24" style="text-align: right">2</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31,</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--AssetsAbstract_iB_z2qU83G11VG5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">ASSETS</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrentAbstract_i01B_zyIwYbYtjWV5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Current assets:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_i02I_maCzZmQ_znLGG3Rvrkvl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%; text-align: justify">Cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41,614</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">25,178</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCash_i02I_maCzZmQ_znEI0oUBNEcg" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Restricted cash</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--DeferredCostsCurrent_i02I_maCzZmQ_zcw9NNVzTEm6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Deferred expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0044">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredCostsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,808</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_i02I_maCzZmQ_zRTjijQdMAkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,643</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">865</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrent_i02TI_mtCzZmQ_maCzb8a_zMW3zGInL6d9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: justify">Total current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">43,257</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27,851</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_i01I_maCzb8a_zSC2Cr9K4Iuf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Property and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">118</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,393</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_i01I_maCzb8a_zAI5zpkUod65" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Intangible assets (net of accumulated amortization)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,354</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,261</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_i01I_maCzb8a_zd6vM4pXm5h4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Operating right-of-use asset (net of accumulated amortization)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">40</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,839</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsNoncurrent_i01I_maCzb8a_zSZQeJgxmAFc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Other assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">182</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--Assets_i01TI_mtCzb8a_zlvNG4ZkDoEi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Assets" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">46,780</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Assets" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38,526</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify"></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_iB_zKQSJTKcfLf7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS&#8217; EQUITY</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_i01B_zfpZheqDzrwa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Current liabilities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_i02I_maCzuF7_zHAvQ8srHk2g" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Accounts payable</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">87</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">410</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_i02I_maCzuF7_zOnliRvRWNOa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,836</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,737</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_i02I_maCzuF7_znbBMzovkALc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Current portion of operating lease liability</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">28</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">962</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_ecustom--PreferredStockRedemptionLiability_i02I_maCzuF7_zbXc2kU5Bu2f" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Preferred stock redemption liability</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiability_i02I_maCzuF7_z4BZxEHGnE6a" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Deferred revenue</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0086">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">165</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--CommonStockWarrantLiability_i02I_maCzuF7_zAJTvL89Od46" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Common stock warrant liability</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,929</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrent_i02TI_mtCzuF7_maCzGqe_zPShpSOUCEGg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: justify">Total current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,880</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,291</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_i01I_maCzGqe_z8ycvW3h4uS3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Operating lease liability, net of current portion</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,055</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--Liabilities_i01TI_mtCzGqe_maCzNzD_zYULGnjQZgOd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Liabilities" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,892</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Liabilities" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,346</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingencies_i01I_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Contingencies &#8211; Note 10</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0101">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0102">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent_i01I_pn3n3_maCzNzD_zk0KNkiVhdj2" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Series D convertible preferred stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityAbstract_i01B_zARMjOB3Nqjh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Stockholders&#8217; equity:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--PreferredStockValue_i02I_maCzR6z_z9a0HsSX1lNf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Preferred stock, $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20211031_zIbiQ8WXl4fj" title="Preferred stock, par value"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20201031_zMHb0oBkOGWj" title="Preferred stock, par value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.001</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> par value; <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pid_c20211031_zViniiMKDSya" title="Preferred stock, shares authorized"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pid_c20201031_z0EqxWr3I0Pe" title="Preferred stock, shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">5,000,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares authorized; Series B Preferred Stock; <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesIssued_iI_pid_c20211031_zKfqRZ3WfIk4" title="Preferred stock, shares issued"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pid_c20211031_zMZRvacvTcpl" title="Preferred stock, shares outstanding"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesIssued_iI_pid_c20201031_zuYLcZ45yiO4" title="Preferred stock, shares issued"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pid_c20201031_zbSwUKEZF1Z2" title="Preferred stock, shares outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">0</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></span></span> shares issued and outstanding at October 31, 2021 and 2020. Liquidation preference of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PreferredStockLiquidationPreferenceValue_c20211031_pn3n3" title="Preferred stock, liquidation preference value"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--PreferredStockLiquidationPreferenceValue_c20201031_pn3n3" title="Preferred stock, liquidation preference value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockLiquidationPreferenceValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockLiquidationPreferenceValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">0</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> at October 31, 2021 and 2020.</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0110">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0111">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--CommonStockValue_i02I_maCzR6z_ziIV1eN5Pme6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Common stock - $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20211031_zfaqTXLP47B6" title="Common stock, par value"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20201031_z1lEcicpsd3" title="Common stock, par value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.001</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> par value; <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pid_c20211031_zURjxe9HJBSl" title="Common stock, shares authorized"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pid_c20201031_zEV4zpfNaWql" title="Common stock, shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">170,000,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares authorized, <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesIssued_iI_pid_c20211031_zY2G699erE75" title="Common stock, shares issued"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pid_c20211031_zvToYvroPgz6" title="Common stock, shares outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">145,638,459</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> and <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesIssued_iI_pid_c20201031_zVMU3ur6SC3e" title="Common stock, shares issued"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pid_c20201031_zwEgO0mk0vg2" title="Common stock, shares outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">78,074,023</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares issued and outstanding at October 31, 2021 and 2020.</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">146</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">78</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AdditionalPaidInCapital_i02I_maCzR6z_zypUVWAVweKi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Additional paid-in capital</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">467,342</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">440,840</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_i02I_maCzR6z_zJHQWPxkPafc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Accumulated deficit</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">428,600</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">410,738</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_i02TI_mtCzR6z_maCzNzD_z8qmHZ7g2I6e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total stockholders&#8217; equity</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38,888</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,180</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_i01TI_mtCzNzD_zM6DuSyBvDuk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total liabilities and stockholders&#8217; equity</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">46,780</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38,526</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 94; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->3<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ADVAXIS,
INC.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span id="v_0003"></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(In
thousands, except share and per share data)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_30B_113_pn3n3_zSeovZcsVaOf" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Statements of Operations" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_490_20201101__20211031_zWJjhtx3GFck" style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_498_20191101__20201031_zHt7Z7Z5qyhc" style="text-align: right">2</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Year Ended October 31,</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_maCzESQ_zyyW45fo1b37" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: justify">Revenue</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,240</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">253</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OperatingExpensesAbstract_iB_zwI1evS6E3Od" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Operating expenses:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_i01_maCzqXI_zaNUMnrkRg2k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Research and development expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">10,562</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,612</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_i01_maCzqXI_zbTIHxYMprg7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">General and administrative expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,464</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,090</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OperatingExpenses_i01T_mtCzqXI_msCzESQ_zoPlwJdXWp73" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: justify">Total operating expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingExpenses" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">22,026</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingExpenses" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">26,702</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_iT_mtCzESQ_maCzphH_zRy3y5h6GnQj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Loss from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">18,786</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">26,449</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract_iB_zOlTYKnMeRl8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Other income (expense):</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--InterestIncomeOther_i01_maCzphH_zWCxGyqT6ZOj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Interest income</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InterestIncomeOther" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InterestIncomeOther" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">110</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--DerivativeGainLossOnDerivativeNet_i01_maCzphH_z58LtOMxmXj4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Net changes in fair value of derivative liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeGainLossOnDerivativeNet" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">970</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0189">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--LossOnSharesIssuedInSettlementOfWarrants_i01N_di_msCzphH_zfWKD20Ooxvh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Loss on shares issued in settlement of warrants</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0191">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:LossOnSharesIssuedInSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">77</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--OtherExpense_i01N_di_msCzphH_zNvYu11pLd62" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Other expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:OtherExpense" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:OtherExpense" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense_i01_maCzphH_zsNdp0uqUEo9" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Other (expense) income</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_iT_mtCzphH_maCz6Yz_znNqaZTWb8Vf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Net loss before income tax benefit</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">17,812</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">26,419</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_msCz6Yz_z5UnY6ZiUOY8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Income tax expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_iT_mtCz6Yz_z6Z74TeMTH14" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Net loss</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">17,862</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">26,469</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareBasic_pid_zzLl9ZT7Abc2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Net loss per common share, basic and diluted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" sign="-" unitRef="USDPShares">0.14</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" sign="-" unitRef="USDPShares">0.43</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pid_zwDiQCTsOMh5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">129,090,709</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">61,003,839</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 95; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->4<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ADVAXIS,
INC.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span id="v_0004"></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS&#8217; EQUITY</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(In
thousands, except share and per share data)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_30C_114_pn3n3_zuHKoKc9PeLc" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Statements of Stockholders&apos; Equity" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Shares</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B0_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zGo3X35NWqWh" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Amount</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Shares</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BC_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zryhFvSo4MPi" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Amount</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BD_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_zjuP2zKBeBxb" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Capital</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B0_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--RetainedEarningsMember_zfhpL5vgmR5d" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Deficit</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B0_ziGFPR8epDt9" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Equity</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Preferred Stock</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Common Stock</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">Additional <br /> Paid-In</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">Accumulated</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">Total <br /> Shareholders&#8217;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Shares</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Amount</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Shares</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Amount</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Capital</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Deficit</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Equity</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_43A_c20191101__20201031_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_iS_zJQf7Ka7opfj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left">Balance at October 31, 2019</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iS_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zAU6mDBYtFW9" title="Balance, shares" style="width: 3%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0221">-</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 3%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0215">-</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iS_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zseZ5V6WXvac" title="Balance, shares" style="width: 3%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">50,201,671</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 3%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 5%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">423,750</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 5%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">384,269</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">39,531</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zfUukSERfAjd" title="Stock-based compensation, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0231">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0225">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_z9GtnFuotNR1" title="Stock-based compensation, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">8,870</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0226">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">891</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0228">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">891</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation_iN_pn3n3_di_zjjJbquNaNZ1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Tax withholdings paid on equity awards</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0235">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0236">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0238">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxEffectsAllocatedDirectlyToEquityEquityTransactions_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Tax shares sold to pay for tax withholdings on equity awards</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0241">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0242">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxEffectsAllocatedDirectlyToEquityEquityTransactions" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0244">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxEffectsAllocatedDirectlyToEquityEquityTransactions" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_zXYOnvrIhn25" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stock option exercises</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td title="Issuance of shares to employees under ESPP Plan, shares" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td title="Issuance of shares to employees under ESPP Plan, shares" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_z3VnoHPz8b75" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stock option exercises, shares</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td title="Issuance of shares to employees under ESPP Plan, shares" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td title="Issuance of shares to employees under ESPP Plan, shares" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan_zeLgAzM4wGJa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Issuance of shares to employees under ESPP Plan</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeStockPurchasePlans_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zK1OwyPMSKbc" title="Issuance of shares to employees under ESPP Plan, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0265">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0259">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeStockPurchasePlans_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_z3qEMaM0RoC1" title="Issuance of shares to employees under ESPP Plan, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeStockPurchasePlans" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">14,148</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0260">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0262">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationEmployeeStockPurchaseProgramRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">ESPP Expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0269">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0270">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationEmployeeStockPurchaseProgramRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0272">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationEmployeeStockPurchaseProgramRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised_zZxj0drluVe7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Warrant exercises</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercised_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zSoLy7vqlzuh" title="Warrant exercises, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0281">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0275">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercised_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zZAzLz3rfene" title="Warrant exercises, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">33,916</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0276">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0278">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForSettlementOfWarrants_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Shares issued in settlement of warrants</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesIssuedForSettlementOfWarrants_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zQJDBfqgHZwb" title="Shares issued in settlement of warrants, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0291">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0285">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesIssuedForSettlementOfWarrants_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zqN2T5XG6Zd5" title="Shares issued in settlement of warrants, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesIssuedForSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">3,000,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">74</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0288">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">77</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Advaxis public offerings, net of offering costs</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zTP1AjowC7G3" title="Advaxis public offerings, net of offering costs, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0301">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0295">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zhdce1itMXN8" title="Advaxis public offerings, net of offering costs, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">12,489,104</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,053</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0298">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,066</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--CommitmentFeesSharesIssuedForEquityLine_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Commitment fee shares issued for equity line</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--CommitmentFeesSharesIssuedForEquityLineShares_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_z64lZzNRpMOf" title="Commitment fee shares issued for equity line, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0311">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0305">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--CommitmentFeesSharesIssuedForEquityLineShares_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zq8zzgoQjmh4" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommitmentFeesSharesIssuedForEquityLineShares" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,084,266</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommitmentFeesSharesIssuedForEquityLine" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommitmentFeesSharesIssuedForEquityLine" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">643</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0308">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommitmentFeesSharesIssuedForEquityLine" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">644</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_ecustom--SharesIssuedUnderEquityLine_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Shares issued under equity line</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--SharesIssuedUnderEquityLineShares_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zleMoEVm2aN4" title="Shares issued under equity line, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0320">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0314">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--SharesIssuedUnderEquityLineShares_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zrM3WEu9KuX2" title="Shares issued under equity line, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:SharesIssuedUnderEquityLineShares" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">11,242,048</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:SharesIssuedUnderEquityLine" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:SharesIssuedUnderEquityLine" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,419</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0317">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:SharesIssuedUnderEquityLine" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,430</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net Loss</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0324">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0325">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0326">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">26,469</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">26,469</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_430_c20201101__20211031_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_iS_z43oT18wwXm6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Balance at October 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iS_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zrceW3hRbvTj" title="Balance, shares" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0336">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0330">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iS_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zCD2pnpyCVe2" title="Balance, shares" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">78,074,023</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">78</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">440,840</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">410,738</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,180</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross_zZiKy2saAKFg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zzxSpmH4KCFb" title="Stock-based compensation, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0346">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0340">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_z6RxWxrMt10i" title="Stock-based compensation, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">5,555</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0341">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">566</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0343">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">566</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_zL75gzvBZQb1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stock option exercises</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zraNXD9SSNih" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0355">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0350">&#160;</span>-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zEVXnYvNhGfi" title="Stock option exercises, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">333</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0351">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0352">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0353">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0354">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan_zfEwvaMIlHae" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Issuance of shares to employees under ESPP Plan</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeStockPurchasePlans_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zcyA7yiRWLJ2" title="Issuance of shares to employees under ESPP Plan, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0365">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0359">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeStockPurchasePlans_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zUoEAIjLqLtl" title="Issuance of shares to employees under ESPP Plan, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeStockPurchasePlans" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0360">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0361">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0362">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0363">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised_zvHC3BMu7A77" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Warrant exercises</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercised_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zeP8NHwg8o43" title="Warrant exercises, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0375">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0369">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercised_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_z6UXf3D7cKl8" title="Warrant exercises, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">18,427,435</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">18</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,753</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0372">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,771</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_z4fIKmX0JqZf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Advaxis public offerings, net of offering costs</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zJDKPsaymEwi" title="Advaxis public offerings, net of offering costs, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0385">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0379">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_z8hkHYaF0D51" title="Advaxis public offerings, net of offering costs, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">49,130,113</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">22,183</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0382">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">22,233</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_zIf1L3VhOPyc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net Loss</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0389">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0390">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0391">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">17,862</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">17,862</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_436_c20201101__20211031_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_iE_zsPzh3XeplM" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Balance at October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iE_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zxXg7t8LEF5l" title="Balance, shares" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0401">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0395">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iE_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_z92jbUBrM02g" title="Balance, shares" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">145,638,459</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">146</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">467,342</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">428,600</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38,888</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 96; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->5<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ADVAXIS,
INC.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span id="v_0005"></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(In
thousands, except share and per share data)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_306_112_pn3n3_za6PupnEcOY3" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_494_20201101__20211031_zHrJpeORZO8i" style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_490_20191101__20201031_z5mu7Gph2zw1" style="text-align: right">2</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Year Ended October 31,</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_iB_zHqpL7gHdeS5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">OPERATING ACTIVITIES</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_i01_maCzbZ7_zi51RtUzfxO6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: justify">Net loss</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">17,862</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">26,469</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_i01B_zUuG8WClHXlc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_i02_maCzbZ7_z2KSzq4bPZA1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Stock compensation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">566</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">891</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--EmployeeStockPurchasePlanExpense_i02_maCzbZ7_ztH8xBbpr0B" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Employee stock purchase plan expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0417">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:EmployeeStockPurchasePlanExpense" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--DerivativeGainLossOnDerivativeNet_i02N_di_msCzbZ7_zth2Xf0omeud" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">(Gain) loss on change in value of warrant liability</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeGainLossOnDerivativeNet" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">970</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0421">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--LossOnSharesIssuedInSettlementOfWarrants_i02_maCzbZ7_zX2daGHoZuD1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Loss on shares issued in settlement of warrants</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0423">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:LossOnSharesIssuedInSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">77</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment_i02N_di_msCzbZ7_zYL4APfYQbge" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Loss on disposal of property and equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,439</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0427">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--GainLossOnWritedownOfPropertyAndEquipment_i02N_di_msCzbZ7_zZQMuUMnGkNa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Loss on write-down of property and equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0429">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:GainLossOnWritedownOfPropertyAndEquipment" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,060</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill_i02_maCzbZ7_zs8SE8ac691h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Abandonment of intangible assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">94</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,725</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--Depreciation_i02_maCzbZ7_zsVi1tyjztB1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Depreciation expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">387</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">897</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_ecustom--AmortizationOfDeferredOfferingCosts_i02_maCzbZ7_zu8eZwyMfRj9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Amortization of deferred offering costs</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0438">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:AmortizationOfDeferredOfferingCosts" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">644</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_i02_maCzbZ7_zfpQEMs249lk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Amortization expense of intangible assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">273</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">337</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense_i02_maCzbZ7_zJ40X0oE8ka" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Amortization expense of right-of-use assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">330</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">744</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--NetGainOnWriteOffOfRightofuseAssetAndLeaseLiability_i02N_di_msCzbZ7_z6MzGe812j3k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Net gain on write-off of right-of-use asset and lease liability</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:NetGainOnWriteOffOfRightofuseAssetAndLeaseLiability" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">116</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0448">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_i02B_zdV0MdeTMav4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-decoration: underline; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Change in operating assets and liabilities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_i03N_di_msCzbZ7_zbt58XhHEPLc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: justify">Prepaid expenses, other current assets and deferred expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,030</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,113</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingAssets_i03N_di_msCzbZ7_zJPJv3c23rUa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: justify">Other assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingAssets" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">171</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingAssets" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_i03_maCzbZ7_zXPVGlFtvr52" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: justify">Accounts payable and accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">776</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,307</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_i03_maCzbZ7_zG9j7Y1vJk95" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: justify">Deferred revenue</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">165</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">165</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_i03_maCzbZ7_zJBARkNEm8M6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: justify">Operating lease liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,392</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">819</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_i01T_mtCzbZ7_maCzZT6_z3IQzk0ggoS" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Net cash used in operating activities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">15,439</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">21,940</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_iB_z6HoXNk2Civa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">INVESTING ACTIVITIES</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment_i01_maCzGAj_zOicnkJTyzJ1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">449</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0475">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_i01N_di_msCzGAj_zFu8G8JD3L0f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Cost of intangible assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">460</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">748</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_i01T_mtCzGAj_maCzZT6_zpBSpgfFWSLk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Net cash used in investing activities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">11</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">748</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_iB_zj2scWwaHZV4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">FINANCING ACTIVITIES</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock_i01_maCzy9L_zMudahueT1S6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Net proceeds of issuance of common stock and warrants</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">28,115</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,496</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromWarrantExercises_i01_maCzy9L_z8HcKRlCYTgk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Proceeds from warrant exercises</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromWarrantExercises" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,771</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0490">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockPlans_i01_maCzy9L_zyGYrC0WRJE8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0492">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockPlans" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation_i01N_di_msCzy9L_z66hUiv75dS1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Employee tax withholdings paid on equity awards</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0495">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--TaxSharesSoldToPayForEmployeeTaxWithholdingsOnEquityAwards_i01_maCzy9L_zSG1F3OQDm5h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Tax shares sold to pay for employee tax withholdings on equity awards</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0498">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:TaxSharesSoldToPayForEmployeeTaxWithholdingsOnEquityAwards" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_i01T_mtCzy9L_maCzZT6_zx9W1ZlMgDD5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Net cash provided by financing activities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">31,886</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,503</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_iT_pn3n3_mtCzZT6_z4MWf0XypSk3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16,436</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">7,185</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_iS_z0ogmH2HcUO7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">25,178</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">32,363</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_iE_z8DkAEpfeFIb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Cash and cash equivalents at end of year</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41,614</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">25,178</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperationsAbstract_iB_zQw57OtMekrc" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the condensed statements of cash flows:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iE_zYzZmSaT2E15" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Cash and cash equivalents</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41,614</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">25,178</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--RestrictedCash_iE_z2NyGyq5Zp29" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Restricted cash</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_iE_zpwSN3M4iSm9" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in condensed statements of cash flows</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41,614</ix:nonFraction> &#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">25,178</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 97; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->6<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Supplemental
Disclosures of Cash Flow Information</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Year Ended October 31,</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_iB" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Supplemental
Disclosures of Cash Flow Information</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxesPaidNet_i01_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: justify">Cash paid for taxes</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxesPaidNet" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxesPaidNet" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Supplemental
Schedule of Noncash Investing and Financing Activities</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Year Ended October 31,</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract_iB" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Supplemental
Schedule of Noncash Investing and Financing Activities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--StockIssued1_i01_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: justify">Shares issued in settlement of warrants</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0534">-</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssued1" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">77</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--CommitmentFeeSharesIssuedForEquityLine_i01_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Commitment fee shares issued for equity line</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0537">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommitmentFeeSharesIssuedForEquityLine" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">644</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_ecustom--CashlessExerciseOfWarrants_i01_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Cashless exercise of warrants</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0540">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CashlessExerciseOfWarrants" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--ReassessmentOfLeaseTerm_i01_pn3n3_zMyGqSTC51Cl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Reassessment of the lease term</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ReassessmentOfLeaseTerm" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">43</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0544">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 98; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->7<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p id="xdx_041_c20201101__20211031_zH21WD429a74" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ADVAXIS,
INC.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span id="v_0006"></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock_zFF7KUiss0Ob" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>1.
<span>NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_829_zSam6kjULLhf" style="display: none">NATURE OF OPERATIONS</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis,
Inc. (&#8220;Advaxis&#8221; or the &#8220;Company&#8221;) is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization
of proprietary <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> (&#8220;<i>Lm</i>&#8221;)-based antigen delivery products. The Company is using its <i>Lm
</i>platform directed against tumor-specific targets in order to engage the patient&#8217;s immune system to destroy tumor cells. Through
a license from the University of Pennsylvania, Advaxis has exclusive access to this proprietary formulation of attenuated <i>Lm</i> called
<i>Lm</i> Technology<sup>TM</sup>. Advaxis&#8217; proprietary approach is designed to deploy a unique mechanism of action that redirects
the immune system to attack cancer in three distinct ways:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Alerting
    and training the immune system by activating multiple pathways in Antigen-Presenting Cells (&#8220;APCs&#8221;) with the equivalent
    of multiple adjuvants;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Attacking
    the tumor by generating a strong, cancer-specific T cell response; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Breaking
    down tumor protection through suppression of the protective cells in the tumor microenvironment (&#8220;TME&#8221;) that shields
    the tumor from the immune system. This enables the activated T cells to begin working to attack the tumor cells.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis&#8217;
proprietary <i>Lm</i> platform technology has demonstrated clinical activity in several of its programs and has been dosed in over 470
patients across multiple clinical trials and in various tumor types. The Company believes that <i>Lm</i> Technology immunotherapies can
complement and address significant unmet needs in the current oncology treatment landscape. Specifically, its product candidates have
the potential to work synergistically with other immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, while having a generally well-tolerated
safety profile.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Termination
of Merger Agreement; Strategic Considerations</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 4, 2021, the Company entered into a Merger Agreement (the &#8220;Merger Agreement&#8221;), subject to shareholder approval, with
Biosight Ltd. (&#8220;Biosight&#8221;) and Advaxis Ltd. (&#8220;Merger Sub&#8221;), a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Advaxis. Under
the terms of the agreement, Biosight was to merge with and into Merger Sub, with Biosight continuing as the surviving company and a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Advaxis (the &#8220;Merger&#8221;). Immediately after the merger, Advaxis stockholders as of immediately prior to the merger
were expected to own approximately <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_dp_c20210704__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--MergerAgreementMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--BiosightLtdAndAdvaxisLtdMember_zMNQq0eMJCzk" title="Percentage of outstanding shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-04_custom_MergerAgreementMember_custom_BiosightLtdAndAdvaxisLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">25</ix:nonFraction></span>% of the outstanding shares of the combined company and former Biosight shareholders were expected
to own approximately <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_dp_c20210704__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--MergerAgreementMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--BiosightLtdMember_zK6nJlhXT9d6" title="Percentage of outstanding shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-04_custom_MergerAgreementMember_custom_BiosightLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">75</ix:nonFraction></span>% of the outstanding shares of the combined company.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 30, 2021, the Company terminated the Merger Agreement, as the Company was unable to obtain shareholder approval to complete
the transaction. As announced in December 2021, the Company plans to continue to explore additional options to maximize stockholder value.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Liquidity
and Management&#8217;s Plans</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Similar
to other development stage biotechnology companies, the Company&#8217;s products that are being developed have not generated significant
revenue. As a result, the Company has suffered recurring losses and requires significant cash resources to execute its business plans.
These losses are expected to continue for the foreseeable future.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 31, 2021, the Company had approximately $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20211031_zp9LFTzK5wa7" title="Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">41.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million in cash and cash equivalents. Although the Company expects to have sufficient
capital to fund its obligations, as they become due, in the ordinary course of business until at least one year from the issuance of
these consolidated financial statements, the actual amount of cash that it will need to operate is subject to many factors. Over the
past year, the Company has taken steps to obtain additional financing, including conducting sales of its common stock through its at-the-market
(&#8220;ATM&#8221;) program through A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, the completion of a public offering in November 2020 and the completion
of a registered direct offering and concurrent private placement with two healthcare-focused, institutional investors in April 2021,
as further described below. The Company also received aggregate proceeds of approximately $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromWarrantExercises_pn5n6_c20201101__20211031_zgMvPGeQd8sh" title="Proceeds from warrant exercises"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromWarrantExercises" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.8</ix:nonFraction></span> million during the year ended October
31, 2021 upon the exercise of outstanding warrants, which were payable upon exercise.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 99; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->8<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
April 2021, the Company entered into definitive agreements with two healthcare-focused, institutional investors for the purchase of (i)
<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_c20210429__20210430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DefinitiveAgreementsMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__us-gaap--InvestorMember_pdd" title="Number of shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2021-04-292021-04-30_custom_DefinitiveAgreementsMember_us-gaap_InvestorMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">17,577,400</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of common stock, (ii) <span id="xdx_900_ecustom--PrefundedWarrantsToPurchaseCommonShares_iI_c20210430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DefinitiveAgreementsMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__us-gaap--InvestorMember_zJqt76Jbr2Wc" title="Pre-funded warrants to purchase common shares"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PrefundedWarrantsToPurchaseCommonShares" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_custom_DefinitiveAgreementsMember_us-gaap_InvestorMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">7,671,937</ix:nonFraction></span> pre-funded warrants to purchase <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20210430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DefinitiveAgreementsMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__us-gaap--InvestorMember_zQolH10OYZ62" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_custom_DefinitiveAgreementsMember_us-gaap_InvestorMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">7,671,937</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of common stock and (iii) registered
common share purchase warrants to purchase <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20210430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DefinitiveAgreementsMember_pdd" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_custom_DefinitiveAgreementsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">11,244,135</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of common stock (&#8220;Accompanying Warrants&#8221;) in a registered direct
offering (the &#8220;April 2021 Registered Direct Offering&#8221;). The Company also issued to the investors, in a concurrent private
placement (the &#8220;April 2021 Private Placement&#8221; and together with the April 2021 Registered Direct Offering, the &#8220;April
2021 Offering&#8221;), unregistered common share purchase warrants to purchase <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20210430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DefinitiveAgreementsMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--AprilTwoThousandTwentyOneOfferingMember_pdd" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_custom_DefinitiveAgreementsMember_custom_AprilTwoThousandTwentyOneOfferingMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">14,005,202</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock
(the &#8220;Private Placement Warrants&#8221;). The Company received gross proceeds of approximately $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn6n6_c20210429__20210430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DefinitiveAgreementsMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--AprilTwoThousandTwentyOneOfferingMember_zwnwn8MyJlq8" title="Proceeds from sale of common shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" contextRef="From2021-04-292021-04-30_custom_DefinitiveAgreementsMember_custom_AprilTwoThousandTwentyOneOfferingMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">20</ix:nonFraction></span> million, before deducting the
fees and expenses payable by the Company in connection with the April 2021 Offering.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
November 27, 2020, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_c20201126__20201127__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember_pdd" title="Number of shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-262020-11-27_us-gaap_IPOMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">26,666,666</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of common stock and common stock warrants
to purchase up to <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20201127__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--NovemberTwoThousandTwentyofferingMember_pdd" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2020-11-27_custom_NovemberTwoThousandTwentyofferingMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">13,333,333</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of common stock (the &#8220;November 2020 Offering&#8221;). On November 24, 2020, the underwriters
notified the Company that they had exercised their option to purchase an additional <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_c20201123__20201124__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--UnderwritersMember_zZ3HWsemOff8" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-232020-11-24_custom_UnderwritersMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">3,999,999</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of common stock and <span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercised_c20201123__20201124__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--UnderwritersMember_z2F7nRYzau1h" title="Warrant exercises shares"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-232020-11-24_custom_UnderwritersMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,999,999</ix:nonFraction></span> warrants
in full. The Company received gross proceeds of approximately $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn5n6_c20201123__20201124__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--NovemberTwoThousandTwentyofferingMember_zpdanizia46l" title="Proceeds from sale of common shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" contextRef="From2020-11-232020-11-24_custom_NovemberTwoThousandTwentyofferingMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">9.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million, before deducting the fees and expenses payable by the Company
in connection with the November 2020 Offering.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes it will need to raise additional capital in order to continue to execute its business plan in the future. There is
no assurance that additional financing will be available when needed or that management will be able to obtain financing on terms acceptable
to the Company or whether the Company will become profitable and generate positive operating cash flow. If the Company is unable to raise
sufficient additional funds, it will have to further scale back its operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zTPM98Do4E8i" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2.
<span>SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span>
<span id="xdx_826_z9NkMKhOXxz" style="display: none">SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION</span></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span></span></b></span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:UseOfEstimates"><p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--UseOfEstimates_za3uyTCQiJpk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Estimates</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (&#8220;U.S.
GAAP&#8221;) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying
notes. Estimates are used when accounting for such items as the fair value and recoverability of the carrying value of property and equipment
and intangible assets (patents and licenses), determining the Incremental Borrowing Rate (&#8220;IBR&#8221;) for calculating Right-Of-Use
(&#8220;ROU&#8221;) assets and lease liabilities, deferred expenses, deferred revenue, the fair value of options, warrants and related
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions
that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying
values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. On an ongoing basis, the Company reviews its estimates
to ensure that they appropriately reflect changes in the business or as new information becomes available. Actual results may differ
from these estimates.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_zR63ZKXKzuw9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Principles
of Consolidation</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany accounts
and transactions have been eliminated.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 100; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->9<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerPolicyTextBlock_zDTuDocrnd6a" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenue
Recognition</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
ASC 606, an entity recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the
consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements
that an entity determines are within the scope of ASC 606, the entity performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s)
with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the
transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance
obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration
it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, once the contract is determined
to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are
performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount
of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company enters into licensing agreements that are within the scope of ASC 606, under which it may exclusively license rights to research,
develop, manufacture and commercialize its product candidates to third parties. The terms of these arrangements typically include payment
to the Company of one or more of the following: non-refundable, upfront license fees; reimbursement of certain costs; customer option
exercise fees; development, regulatory and commercial milestone payments; and royalties on net sales of licensed products.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
determining the appropriate amount of revenue to be recognized as it fulfills its obligations under its agreements, the Company performs
the following steps: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised
goods or services are performance obligations including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of
the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance
obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies each performance obligation. As part of the accounting
for these arrangements, the Company must use significant judgment to determine: (a) the number of performance obligations based on the
determination under step (ii) above; (b) the transaction price under step (iii) above; and (c) the stand-alone selling price for each
performance obligation identified in the contract for the allocation of transaction price in step (iv) above. The Company uses judgment
to determine whether milestones or other variable consideration, except for royalties, should be included in the transaction price as
described further below. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation on a relative stand-alone selling price basis,
for which the Company recognizes revenue as or when the performance obligations under the contract are satisfied.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amounts
received prior to revenue recognition are recorded as deferred revenue. Amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months
following the balance sheet date are classified as current portion of deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance
sheets. Amounts not expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months following the balance sheet date are classified as deferred
revenue, net of current portion.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Exclusive
Licenses.</i> If the license to the Company&#8217;s intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations
identified in the arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from non-refundable, upfront fees allocated to the license when the license
is transferred to the customer and the customer is able to use and benefit from the license. In assessing whether a performance obligation
is distinct from the other performance obligations, the Company considers factors such as the research, development, manufacturing and
commercialization capabilities of the collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace.
In addition, the Company considers whether the collaboration partner can benefit from a performance obligation for its intended purpose
without the receipt of the remaining performance obligation, whether the value of the performance obligation is dependent on the unsatisfied
performance obligation, whether there are other vendors that could provide the remaining performance obligation, and whether it is separately
identifiable from the remaining performance obligation. For licenses that are combined with other performance obligation, the Company
utilizes judgment to assess the nature of the combined performance obligation to determine whether the combined performance obligation
is satisfied over time or at a point in time and, if over time, the appropriate method of measuring progress for purposes of recognizing
revenue. The Company evaluates the measure of progress each reporting period and, if necessary, adjusts the measure of performance and
related revenue recognition. The measure of progress, and thereby periods over which revenue should be recognized, are subject to estimates
by management and may change over the course of the research and development and licensing agreement. Such a change could have a material
impact on the amount of revenue the Company records in future periods.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 101; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->10<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Milestone
Payments.</i> At the inception of each arrangement that includes research or development milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether
the milestones are considered probable of being achieved and estimates the amount to be included in the transaction price using the most
likely amount method. If it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur, the associated milestone value is included
in the transaction price. An output method is generally used to measure progress toward complete satisfaction of a milestone. Milestone
payments that are not within the control of the Company or the licensee, such as regulatory approvals, are not considered probable of
being achieved until those approvals are received. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical, regulatory, commercial,
and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved
in determining whether it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur. At the end of each subsequent reporting period,
the Company re-evaluates the probability of achievement of all milestones subject to constraint and, if necessary, adjusts its
estimate of the overall transaction price. Any such adjustments are recorded on a cumulative catch-up basis, which would affect revenue
and earnings in the period of adjustment.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:CollaborationAgreementsPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_843_ecustom--CollaborationAgreementsPolicyTextBlock_z5ufIs9Q6DQ2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Collaborative
Arrangements</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company analyzes its collaboration arrangements to assess whether such arrangements involve joint operating activities performed by parties
that are both active participants in the activities and exposed to significant risks and rewards dependent on the commercial success
of such activities and therefore within the scope of ASC Topic 808, <i>Collaborative Arrangements</i> (ASC 808). This assessment is performed
throughout the life of the arrangement based on changes in the responsibilities of all parties in the arrangement. For collaboration
arrangements within the scope of ASC 808 that contain multiple elements, the Company first determines which elements of the collaboration
are deemed to be within the scope of ASC 808 and which elements of the collaboration are more reflective of a vendor-customer relationship
and therefore within the scope of ASC 606. For elements of collaboration arrangements that are accounted for pursuant to ASC 808, an
appropriate recognition method is determined and applied consistently, generally by analogy to ASC 606. Amounts that are owed to collaboration
partners are recognized as an offset to collaboration revenue as such amounts are incurred by the collaboration partner. For those elements
of the arrangement that are accounted for pursuant to ASC 606, the Company applies the five-step model described above under ASC 606.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_845_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock_zoSbGjtpSKhk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Cash
and Cash Equivalents</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash
equivalents. As of October 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had cash equivalents of approximately $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--CashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20211031_zafvD5S04To2" title="Cash equivalent"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">17.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--CashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20201031_zGLbOJsKNW0h"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">17.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk"><p id="xdx_84A_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk_zUKqP2ejMlL5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Concentration
of Credit Risk</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts (checking) that at times exceed federally insured limits. Approximately $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskCreditRiskFinancialInstrumentMaximumExposure_pn5n6_c20201101__20211031_zOrCYNP4ls72" title="Concentration of credit risk amount"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskCreditRiskFinancialInstrumentMaximumExposure" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">41.6</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million is subject to credit risk at October
31, 2021. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:DeferredChargesPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_845_eus-gaap--DeferredChargesPolicyTextBlock_zKVWfulda8O4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Deferred
Expenses</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred
expenses consist of advanced payments made on research and development projects. Expense is recognized in the consolidated statement
of operations as the research and development activity is performed.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 102; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->11<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock_zx1mIykH20R8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Property
and Equipment</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property
and equipment are stated at cost. Additions and improvements that extend the lives of the assets are capitalized, while expenditures
for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter
of the asset&#8217;s estimated useful life or the remaining lease term. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the
estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dxL_c20201101__20211031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zQ7Xl0w4EuZ5" title="Estimated useful lives of property and equipment::XDX::P3Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0601">three</span></span> to<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dxL_c20201101__20211031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zYCmKuhX1Rl7" title="Estimated useful lives of property and equipment::XDX::P10Y"> <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0603">ten years</span></span>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">When
depreciable assets are retired or sold the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting
gain or loss is recognized in operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsPolicy"><p id="xdx_845_eus-gaap--GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsPolicy_zsnL70tdNan1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Intangible
Assets</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Intangible
assets are recorded at cost and include patents and patent application costs, licenses and software. Intangible assets are amortized
on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives ranging from <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dxL_c20201101__20211031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zV11RzaF53c5" title="Estimated useful life of intangible assets::XDX::P3Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0607">three</span></span> to <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20201101__20211031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zpT5ill8q66h" title="Estimated useful life of intangible assets"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife">20</ix:nonNumeric></span> years. Patent application costs are written-off if
the application is rejected, withdrawn or abandoned.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ImpairmentOrDisposalOfLongLivedAssetsPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOrDisposalOfLongLivedAssetsPolicyTextBlock_zG3tVkbuAp7k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company periodically assesses the carrying value of intangible and other long-lived assets, and whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying amount of an asset might not be recoverable. The assets are considered to be impaired if the Company determines
that the carrying value may not be recoverable based upon its assessment, which includes consideration of the following events or changes
in circumstances:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    asset&#8217;s ability to continue to generate income from operations and positive cash flow in future periods;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">loss
    of legal ownership or title to the asset(s);</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">significant
    changes in the Company&#8217;s strategic business objectives and utilization of the asset(s); and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    impact of significant negative industry or economic trends.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment recognized is the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the
fair value of the assets. Fair value is determined by the application of discounted cash flow models to project cash flows from the assets.
In addition, the Company bases estimates of the useful lives and related amortization or depreciation expense on its subjective estimate
of the period the assets will generate revenue or otherwise be used by it. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the
carrying amount or fair value, less selling costs. The Company also periodically reviews the lives assigned to long-lived assets to ensure
that the initial estimates do not exceed any revised estimated periods from which the Company expects to realize cash flows from its
assets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_849_eus-gaap--LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_zt0s5ORlfhm" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Leases</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether an arrangement is or contains a lease based on the facts and circumstances
present in the arrangement. An arrangement is or contains a lease if the arrangement conveys the right to control the use of an identified
asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Most leases with a term greater than one year are recognized on the consolidated
balance sheet as operating lease right-of-use assets and current and long-term operating lease liabilities, as applicable. The Company
has elected not to recognize on the consolidated balance sheet leases with terms of 12 months or less. The Company typically only
includes the initial lease term in its assessment of a lease arrangement. Options to extend a lease are not included in the Company&#8217;s
assessment unless there is reasonable certainty that the Company will renew.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
lease liabilities and their corresponding right-of-use assets are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected
remaining lease term. Certain adjustments to the right-of-use asset may be required for items such as prepaid or accrued rent. The interest
rate implicit in the Company&#8217;s leases is typically not readily determinable. As a result, the Company utilizes its incremental
borrowing rate, which reflects the fixed rate at which the Company could borrow on a collateralized basis the amount of the lease payments
in the same currency, for a similar term, in a similar economic environment. </span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 103; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->12<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_847_eus-gaap--EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock_zhtZlaivqkR9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Net
Income (Loss) per Share</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Basic
net income or loss per common share is computed by dividing net income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share give effect to dilutive options, warrants, restricted
stock units and other potential common stock outstanding during the period. In the case of a net loss, the impact of the potential common
stock resulting from warrants, outstanding stock options and convertible debt are not included in the computation of diluted loss per
share, as the effect would be anti-dilutive. In the case of net income, the impact of the potential common stock resulting from these
instruments that have intrinsic value are included in the diluted earnings per share. The table sets forth the number of potential shares
of common stock that have been excluded from diluted net loss per share (as of October 31, 2020, <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zhj4TwvC1JFg" title="Number of securities included in computation of basic earnings per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">327,338</ix:nonFraction></span> warrants are included in the
basic earnings per share computation because the exercise price is $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--SharePrice_iI_pid_c20211031_ziCCyZ6yfQw6" title="Exercise price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharePrice" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0</ix:nonFraction></span>):</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_zfozyZKJ1SB7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B7_zCPENspmunxf" style="display: none">SCHEDULE OF ANTI-DILUTIVE SECURITIES EXCLUDED FROM DILUTED NET LOSS PER SHARE</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">As of October 31,</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: justify">Warrants</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zCmwvGvT6Ha6" title="Total" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">30,225,397</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zpZsoDuYniK2" title="Total" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember32229843" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">398,226</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Stock options</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--StockOptionsMember_zRdqNiG6u99e" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_StockOptionsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">893,946</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--StockOptionsMember_z5awQiuqAbge" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_StockOptionsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,011,768</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Restricted stock units</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--RestrictedStockUnitsMember_zW5GIhU5B0ha" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0631">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--RestrictedStockUnitsMember_zav0UJfI95c6" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_RestrictedStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">5,556</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20201101__20211031_zcUSU6OzHRAe" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">31,119,343</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20191101__20201031_z6Oal4F94ZG2" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,415,550</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A4_z4gclLRlYlt5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy"><p id="xdx_844_eus-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy_zdLre1hXMO87" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Research
and Development Expenses</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Research
and development costs are expensed as incurred and include but are not limited to clinical trial and related manufacturing costs, payroll
and personnel expenses, lab expenses, and related overhead costs.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy"><p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy_z5vcMOzJS6zc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stock
Based Compensation</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has an equity plan which allows for the granting of stock options to its employees, directors and consultants for a fixed number
of shares with an exercise price equal to the fair value of the shares at date of grant. The Company measures the cost of services received
in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. The fair value of the award is measured on the grant
date and is then recognized over the requisite service period, usually the vesting period, in both research and development expenses
and general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statement of operations, depending on the nature of the services provided
by the employees or consultants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
process of estimating the fair value of stock-based compensation awards and recognizing stock-based compensation cost over their requisite
service period involves significant assumptions and judgments. The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards on the date
of grant using the Black Scholes Model for the remaining awards, which requires that the Company makes certain assumptions regarding:
(i) the expected volatility in the market price of its common stock; (ii) dividend yield; (iii) risk-free interest rates; and (iv) the
period of time employees are expected to hold the award prior to exercise (referred to as the expected holding period). As a result,
if the Company revises its assumptions and estimates, stock-based compensation expense could change materially for future grants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for stock-based compensation using fair value recognition and records forfeitures as they occur. As such, the Company
recognizes stock-based compensation cost only for those stock-based awards that vest over their requisite service period, based on the
vesting provisions of the individual grants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:FairValueOfFinancialInstrumentsPolicy"><p id="xdx_84A_eus-gaap--FairValueOfFinancialInstrumentsPolicy_zAXigm40Rj71" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Fair
Value of Financial Instruments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
carrying value of financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents and accounts payable, approximated fair value as of the
balance sheet date presented, due to their short maturities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 104; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->13<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:DerivativesReportingOfDerivativeActivity"><p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--DerivativesReportingOfDerivativeActivity_ziYlvCwleMB7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Derivative
Financial Instruments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market or foreign currency risks. The Company evaluates
all of its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives.
For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair
value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. For stock-based
derivative financial instruments, the Company used the Monte Carlo simulation model and the Black Scholes model to value the derivative
instruments at inception and on subsequent valuation dates. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments
should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative liabilities are classified
in the consolidated balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the instrument could
be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:SequencingPolicyPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84B_ecustom--SequencingPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zw4AsroqwK0b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><i><span id="xdx_86F_z5wkDD7X68Pa">Sequencing Policy</span></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company adopted a sequencing
policy under ASC 815-40-35, if reclassification of contracts from equity to liabilities is necessary pursuant to ASC 815 due to the Company&#8217;s
inability to demonstrate it has sufficient authorized shares. This was due to the Company committing more shares than authorized. Certain
instruments are classified as liabilities, after allocating available authorized shares on the basis of the most recent grant date of
potentially dilutive instruments. Pursuant to ASC 815, issuances of securities granted as compensation in a share-based payment arrangement
are not subject to the sequencing policy.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_849_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock_zUk5cxkNAzZi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Income
Taxes</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, <i>&#8220;Income Taxes.&#8221;
</i>Under this method, income tax expense is recognized for the amount of: (i) taxes payable or refundable for the current year and (ii)
deferred tax consequences of temporary differences resulting from matters that have been recognized in an entity&#8217;s financial statements
or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years
in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a
change in tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance
is provided to reduce the deferred tax assets reported if based on the weight of the available positive and negative evidence, it is
more likely than not some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zRsWBw8SVPu1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Recent
Accounting Standards</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Simplification of Income Taxes (Topic 740) Income Taxes (&#8220;ASU 2019-12&#8221;). ASU
2019-12 simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The amendments
also improve consistent application of and simplify U.S. GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance.
ASU 2019-12 is effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within
those fiscal years. The standard will apply as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting
period in which the guidance is adopted and is not material to the financial results of the Company.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity&#8217;s Own Equity, which
simplifies the accounting for certain convertible instruments, amends guidance on derivative scope exceptions for contracts in an entity&#8217;s
own equity, and modifies the guidance on diluted earnings per share (&#8220;EPS&#8221;) calculations as a result of these changes. The
standard will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and can be applied on either a fully retrospective
or modified retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. We are currently evaluating
the impact of this standard on our consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Management
does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material impact
on the accompanying consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 105; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->14<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_zDiQxXiG3IEk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>3.
<span id="xdx_822_z7H7H8TacXq4">PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_z8hqXg36ZmIj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property
and equipment consist of the following (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B2_zIJgY1rVc6id" style="display: none">SCHEDULE OF PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20211031_z36UoAlGkSL2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20201031_z5piFF7cpOA9" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31,</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LeaseholdImprovementsGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzkmD_zrUT29jcLgM9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: justify">Leasehold improvements</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0657">-</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseholdImprovementsGross" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,335</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--MachineryAndEquipmentGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzkmD_zfcouhT7YoBk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Laboratory equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MachineryAndEquipmentGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">179</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MachineryAndEquipmentGross" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,218</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzkmD_zEaHT874SBvj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Furniture and fixtures</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0663">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FurnitureAndFixturesGross" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">744</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzkmD_zHkrs7aUNItk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Computer equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">241</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">409</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--ConstructionInProgressGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzkmD_zUxLcycz9RDl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Construction in progress</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0669">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ConstructionInProgressGross" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">19</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAEGzkmD_maPPAENzKAl_zkqQG3fZc9Mg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total property and equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">420</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,725</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msPPAENzKAl_zJqaCVfs4l52" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Accumulated depreciation and amortization</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">302</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,332</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAENzKAl_z2RnYksenhh3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Net property and equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">118</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,393</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A8_zuOD9yuRnpR5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Depreciation
expense for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20201101__20211031_zHY0iZdrCQnf" title="Depreciation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.4</ix:nonFraction> </span>million and $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20191101__20201031_zzi3AZFprda3" title="Depreciation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.9</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively. During the year
ended October 31, 2021, the Company incurred a loss on disposal of equipment of approximately $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment_iN_pn5n6_di_c20201101__20211031_zAq1jj4pei3" title="Loss on disposal of equipment"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment_iN_pn5n6_di_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zG9Tv845T1jc" title="Loss on disposal of equipment"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" sign="-" unitRef="USD">0.9</ix:nonFraction></span> million of which is
reflected in the research and development expenses and $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment_iN_pn5n6_di_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_z09rOog9cWfj" title="Loss on disposal of equipment"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" sign="-" unitRef="USD">0.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million of which is reflected in the general and administrative expenses
in the consolidated statement of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Management
has reviewed its property and equipment for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset
might not be recoverable. During the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded impairment losses on idle laboratory
equipment of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--AssetImpairmentCharges_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--LaboratoryEquipmentMember_zqPC7asEWMb4" title="Impairment loss on idle laboratory equipment"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetImpairmentCharges" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_LaboratoryEquipmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">0</ix:nonFraction></span> and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--AssetImpairmentCharges_pn5n6_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--LaboratoryEquipmentMember_zQJjCIyAOEJ" title="Impairment loss on idle laboratory equipment"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetImpairmentCharges" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_LaboratoryEquipmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively, that was charged to research and development expenses in the consolidated statement of
operations. Fair value for the idle assets was determined by a quoted purchase price for the assets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_802_eus-gaap--IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zrNaXdwZLWXh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>4.<span id="xdx_82C_zDDm40aOEYC5">
INTANGIBLE ASSETS</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_zHcWG8xozn57" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Intangible
assets consist of the following (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B3_zWIxW6pRxdS7" style="display: none">SUMMARY OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20211031_zAZRzyAtbG51" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20201031_z8RGQ1DbQk67" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31,</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedPatentsGross_iI_pn3n3_maFLIAGzVwq_zzZN27AdTrHk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: justify">Patents</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedPatentsGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,836</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedPatentsGross" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,479</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedLicenseAgreementsGross_iI_pn3n3_maFLIAGzVwq_zi2Vq7KkqkRc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">License</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedLicenseAgreementsGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">777</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedLicenseAgreementsGross" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">777</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--FiniteLivedSoftwareGross_iI_pn3n3_maFLIAGzVwq_zY4CEp1bFEzg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Software</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FiniteLivedSoftwareGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">98</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FiniteLivedSoftwareGross" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">117</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtFLIAGzVwq_maIANEGzsX7_zVFHPgQi8Khl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total intangibles</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,711</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,373</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_iNI_pn3n3_di_msIANEGzsX7_zCjhjyEO6Dvc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Accumulated amortization</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,357</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,112</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtIANEGzsX7_zRWzfMwb0d88" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Net intangible assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,354</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,261</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A3_zpbaQVwZkdW8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--ExpirationOfPatentsDescription_c20201101__20211031" title="Expiration of patents description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" name="ADXS:ExpirationOfPatentsDescription">The
expirations of the existing patents range from 2021 to 2039</ix:nonNumeric></span> but the expirations can be extended based on market approval if granted and/or
based on existing laws and regulations. Capitalized costs associated with patent applications that are abandoned without future value
are charged to expense when the determination is made not to pursue the application. Patent applications having a net book value of approximately
$<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill_pn5n6_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_zKCO6ltIbfoe" title="Book value patent applications, net"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill_pn5n6_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_zNHr15Hjy2i6" title="Book value patent applications, net"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.7</ix:nonFraction></span> million were abandoned and were charged to general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of
operations for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Intangible asset amortization expense that was charged to general
and administrative expense in the consolidated statement of operations was approximately $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_pn5n6_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_zM6aHgTt8a8d" title="Intangible asset amortization expense"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_pn5n6_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_zcIpUOAHMCYf" title="Intangible asset amortization expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.3</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> million for each of the years ended October
31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Management
has reviewed its intangible assets for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset might
not be recoverable. Net assets are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet for patents and licenses related to axalimogene
filolisbac (AXAL), ADXS-HOT, ADXS-PSA and other products that are in development or out-licensed. However, if a competitor were to gain
FDA approval for a treatment before the Company or if future clinical trials fail to meet the targeted endpoints, the Company would likely
record an impairment related to these assets. In addition, if an application is rejected or fails to be issued, the Company would record
an impairment of its estimated book value. Lastly, if the Company is unable to raise enough capital to continue funding our studies and
developing its intellectual property, the Company would likely record an impairment to certain of these assets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 106; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->15<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleofFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleofFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseTableTextBlock_zJS2zZm29hti" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
October 31, 2021, the estimated amortization expense by fiscal year based on the current carrying value of intangible assets is as follows
(in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B5_zI9hScxDP7sl" style="display: none">SCHEDULE OF CARRYING VALUE OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_49B_20211031_z2f6WzAxGtS6" style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maFLIANzL7p_zKkbbgS5wLTc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 78%; text-align: justify">2022</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 18%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">277</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maFLIANzL7p_zPC66epiQRX7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">2023</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">277</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maFLIANzL7p_zHwHPU8CGSDk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">277</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maFLIANzL7p_zhfDWr7vPKsf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">2025</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">277</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maFLIANzL7p_zwI1lUqWqvTh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">2026</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">277</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseAfterYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maFLIANzL7p_zKTRbKfSVPa2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Thereafter</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseAfterYearFive" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,969</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtFLIANzL7p_zp9zKMHNOpxa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,354</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A0_zVQvPNpQh8N8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock_z18hGbpqShfl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>5.
<span id="xdx_829_zVX0HY4OMAFj">ACCRUED EXPENSES</span>:</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_zyaoYo6r7r2j" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table represents the major components of accrued expenses (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BA_ziphVnKnREv6" style="display: none">SUMMARY OF ACCRUED EXPENSES</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20211031_zlGYC1SZOJPh" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20201031_zioGFFayDaig" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31,</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCzolp_zGzG1Ohb5sy4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: justify">Salaries and other compensation</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">55</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">737</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCzolp_zgg9uF8hCobl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Vendors</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,168</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">671</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCzolp_zzGLjjttIzB3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Professional fees</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">613</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">329</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iTI_pn3n3_mtALCzolp_zvZicYsQyl1k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,836</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,737</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A8_zSDx4VAOHvyh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_zkjIQLoXOjY8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>6.
<span id="xdx_82B_zELYJBLhVvwg">STOCKHOLDERS&#8217; EQUITY</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock_zjRQkjqxJlM3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_8BD_z4SpzLjGXwnd" style="display: none">SUMMARY OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AD_zBE5knQGzfTj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Lincoln
Park Purchase Agreement</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 30, 2020, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement (the &#8220;Purchase Agreement&#8221;) and a Registration Rights Agreement
(the &#8220;Registration Rights Agreement&#8221;) with Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (&#8220;Lincoln Park&#8221;). <span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--AgreementDescription_c20210728__20210730__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--PurchaseAgreementMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember" title="Agreement description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-07-282021-07-30_custom_PurchaseAgreementMember_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember" name="ADXS:AgreementDescription">Over the 36-month
term of the Purchase Agreement, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, from time to time, to sell to Lincoln Park up to an
aggregate amount of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_c20210730__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--PurchaseAgreementMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember_zTFY2ZjSEuWa" title="Common stock, shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-30_custom_PurchaseAgreementMember_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">20,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> of shares of common stock, in its sole discretion and subject to certain conditions, including that the
closing price of its common stock is not below $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockPricePerShare_c20210730__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--PurchaseAgreementMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember_pdd" title="Share price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockPricePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-30_custom_PurchaseAgreementMember_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.10</ix:nonFraction></span> per share, to direct Lincoln Park to purchase up to <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20210730__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--PurchaseAgreementMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zANG5mowmYA4" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-30_custom_PurchaseAgreementMember_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares (the &#8220;Regular
Purchase Share Limit&#8221;) of its Common Stock (each such purchase, a &#8220;Regular Purchase&#8221;). Lincoln Park&#8217;s maximum
obligation under any single Regular Purchase will not exceed $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20210730__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--PurchaseAgreementMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_pdd" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-30_custom_PurchaseAgreementMember_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span>, unless the parties mutually agree to increase the maximum amount
of such Regular Purchase. The purchase price for shares of Common Stock to be purchased by Lincoln Park under a Regular Purchase will
be the equal to the lower of (in each case, subject to the adjustments described in the Purchase Agreement): (i) the lowest sale price
for the Company&#8217;s common stock on the applicable purchase date, and (ii) the arithmetic average of the three lowest sale prices
for the Company&#8217;s common stock during the ten trading days prior to the purchase date.</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
consideration for entering into the Purchase Agreement, the Company issued <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_c20210728__20210730__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--PurchaseAgreementMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember_pdd"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2021-07-282021-07-30_custom_PurchaseAgreementMember_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,084,266</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares of common stock to Lincoln Park as a commitment
fee. The shares were valued at approximately $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_pn5n6_c20210728__20210730__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--PurchaseAgreementMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember_zWu8KjdRv977"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2021-07-282021-07-30_custom_PurchaseAgreementMember_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.6</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and were recorded as deferred offering
expenses in the consolidated balance sheet. The deferred charges were charged against paid-in capital upon future proceeds from
the sale of common stock under the Lincoln Park Purchase Agreement.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
August 2020 to October 2020, Lincoln Park purchased <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions_c20200801__20201031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember_zyrbgzNcTpDc" title="Number of common stock purchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions" contextRef="From2020-08-012020-10-31_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">11,242,048</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of common stock for gross proceeds of approximately $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock_pn5n6_c20200801__20201031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember_zvWHJUajlm8l" title="Gross proceeds from common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" contextRef="From2020-08-012020-10-31_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">5.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million.
Approximately $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromFeesReceived_c20200801__20201031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember_zNq3pCUfTsJ5" title="Proceeds from netted legal fees"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromFeesReceived" contextRef="From2020-08-012020-10-31_custom_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">50,000</ix:nonFraction></span> of legal fees were netted against the gross proceeds.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 107; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->16<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Public
Offerings</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
April 2021, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the &#8220;Purchase Agreement&#8221;) with certain investors. The
Purchase Agreement provided for the sale and issuance by the Company of an aggregate of <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction_c20210401__20210430__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember_pdd" title="Number of common stock shares sold"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction" contextRef="From2021-04-012021-04-30_us-gaap_IPOMember_custom_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">17,577,400</ix:nonFraction></span> shares (the &#8220;Shares&#8221;)
of the Company&#8217;s common stock, $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_c20210430__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember_pdd" title="Common stock, par value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_us-gaap_IPOMember_custom_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.001</ix:nonFraction></span> par value (the &#8220;Common Stock&#8221;), at an offering price of $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockPricePerShare_c20210430__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember_pdd" title="Share price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockPricePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_us-gaap_IPOMember_custom_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.7921</ix:nonFraction></span> per Share and
<span id="xdx_905_ecustom--PrefundedWarrantsToPurchaseCommonShares_c20210430__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember_pdd" title="Pre-funded warrants to purchase common shares"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PrefundedWarrantsToPurchaseCommonShares" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_us-gaap_IPOMember_custom_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">7,671,937</ix:nonFraction></span> pre-funded warrants to certain purchasers whose purchase of additional Shares would otherwise result in the purchaser, together
with its affiliates and certain related parties, beneficially owning more than <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_c20210430__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember_pdd" title="Ownership percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_us-gaap_IPOMember_custom_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">9.99</ix:nonFraction>%</span> of the Company&#8217;s outstanding Common Stock
immediately following the consummation of the offering (the &#8220;Pre-Funded Warrants&#8221;). The Shares and Pre-Funded Warrants were
sold together with warrants to purchase up to <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20210430__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember_zIvY70D48L3" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_srt_MaximumMember_us-gaap_IPOMember_custom_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">11,244,135</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of Common Stock (the &#8220;Accompanying Warrants&#8221; and together
with the Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrants, the &#8220;Securities&#8221;). The Pre-Funded Warrants were sold for a purchase price of
$<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockPricePerShare_c20210430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--PreFundedWarrantMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember_pdd" title="Share price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockPricePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_custom_PreFundedWarrantMember_custom_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.7911</ix:nonFraction></span> per share and have an exercise price of $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_c20210430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--PreFundedWarrantMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember_pdd" title="Common stock, par value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_custom_PreFundedWarrantMember_custom_SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.001</ix:nonFraction></span> per share. The Pre-Funded Warrants were immediately exercisable and may be exercised
at any time until all of the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full. Each Accompanying Warrant has an exercise price per share of
$<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20210430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--PreFundedWarrantMember_zWv645saKIU1" title="Warrants exercise price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_custom_PreFundedWarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.70</ix:nonFraction></span>, became exercisable immediately and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the original issuance date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Purchase Agreement also provided for a concurrent private placement (the &#8220;Private Placement&#8221;) of <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20210430__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--PurchaseAgreementMember_pdd" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_PurchaseAgreementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">14,005,202</ix:nonFraction></span> warrants to purchase
the Company&#8217;s Common Stock (the &#8220;Private Placement Warrants&#8221;) with the purchasers in the Registered Offering. The Private
Placement Warrants will be exercisable for an aggregate of <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20210430__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--AprilTwoThousandTwentyOneOfferingMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DefinitiveAgreementsMember_zw9hximIIQd" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_custom_DefinitiveAgreementsMember_custom_AprilTwoThousandTwentyOneOfferingMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">14,005,202</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of Common Stock at any time on or after such date, if ever,
that is 14 days after the Company files an amendment (the &#8220;Authorized Shares Amendment&#8221;) to the Company&#8217;s Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share from <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_c20210430__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--AmendedAndRestatedCertificateOfIncorporationMember_zVMEmRrI7OM8" title="Common stock, authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_srt_MinimumMember_custom_AmendedAndRestatedCertificateOfIncorporationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">170,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares to <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_c20210430__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--AmendedAndRestatedCertificateOfIncorporationMember_zvESIRgKH7bc" title="Common stock, authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_srt_MaximumMember_custom_AmendedAndRestatedCertificateOfIncorporationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">300,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares with the Delaware Secretary of State and on or prior to the date that is five years after such date. The
Private Placement Warrants have an exercise price of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20210430__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--PurchaseAgreementMember_pdd" title="Warrants exercise price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_PurchaseAgreementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.70</ix:nonFraction></span> per share.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
November 2020, the Company closed on a public offering of <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction_c20201101__20201130__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember_pdd" title="Number of common stock shares sold"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction" contextRef="From2020-11-012020-11-30_us-gaap_IPOMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">30,666,665</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockPricePerShare_c20201130__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember_pdd" title="Share price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockPricePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2020-11-30_us-gaap_IPOMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</ix:nonFraction></span> per
share, for gross proceeds of approximately $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn5n6_c20201123__20201124__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--NovemberTwoThousandTwentyofferingMember_zf3PBXZsxYlh" title="Proceeds from sale of common shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" contextRef="From2020-11-232020-11-24_custom_NovemberTwoThousandTwentyofferingMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">9.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million, which gives effect to the exercise of the underwriter&#8217;s option in full.
In addition, the Company also undertook a concurrent private placement of warrants to purchase up to <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20201130__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_pdd" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2020-11-30_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">15,333,332</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of common stock.
The warrants have an exercise price per share of $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--SharesIssuedPricePerShare_iI_pid_c20201130__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zVApM6tARY38" title="Warrants exercise price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2020-11-30_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.35</ix:nonFraction></span>, are exercisable immediately and will expire <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_iI_dt_c20201130__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zGbnbyCfehse"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2020-11-30_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm">five years</ix:nonNumeric></span> from the date of issuance.
The warrants also provide that if there is no effective registration statement registering, or no current prospectus available for, the
issuance or resale of the warrant shares, the warrants may be exercised via a cashless exercise. After deducting the underwriting discounts
and commissions and other offering expenses, the net proceeds from the offering were approximately $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering_pn5n6_c20201101__20201130_zxPpfX2ISvtg" title="Net proceeds from offering"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering" contextRef="From2020-11-012020-11-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">8.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
May 2020, the Company entered into a sales agreement related to an ATM equity offering program pursuant to which the Company may sell,
from time to time, common stock with an aggregate offering price of up to $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering_pn5n6_c20200501__20200531_zsgp8Gh1Ou39" title="Net proceeds from offering"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering" contextRef="From2020-05-012020-05-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">40</ix:nonFraction></span> million through A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, as sales
agent. From May 2020 to October 2020, the Company sold <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn3n3_c20200501__20201031_zQFoIckCVvA7" title="Proceeds from sale of common shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" contextRef="From2020-05-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,489,104</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of its common stock under the ATM program for $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering_pn3n6_c20200501__20201031_zT2DxHh77om4" title="Net proceeds from offering"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering" contextRef="From2020-05-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.583</ix:nonFraction></span> million,
or an average of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--SharesIssuedPricePerShare_iI_c20200531_zK7itBZgcsnf" title="Warrants exercise price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2020-05-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.64</ix:nonFraction></span> per share, and received net proceeds of $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering_pn3n6_c20210501__20210531__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--ATMProgramMember_z68z5n5kbFT8" title="Net proceeds from offering"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering" contextRef="From2021-05-012021-05-31_custom_ATMProgramMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.531</ix:nonFraction></span> million, net of commissions of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromCommissionsReceived_c20200501__20200531__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--ATMProgramMember_zMY28dI7RvCe" title="Proceeds from commission"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromCommissionsReceived" contextRef="From2020-05-012020-05-31_custom_ATMProgramMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">52,000</ix:nonFraction></span>. In March 2021, the Company
sold <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn3n3_c20210301__20210331_z6HksjEXLY6b"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" contextRef="From2021-03-012021-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">886,048</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of its common stock under the ATM program for $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering_c20210301__20210331_z1NK2CC5BOX7"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering" contextRef="From2021-03-012021-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">762,000</ix:nonFraction></span>, or an average of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--SharesIssuedPricePerShare_iI_pid_c20210331_zDKIxZbqeCZd"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.86</ix:nonFraction></span> per share, and received net proceeds
of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering_c20210301__20210331__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--ATMProgramMember_zFWuqEGSomad"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering" contextRef="From2021-03-012021-03-31_custom_ATMProgramMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">737,000</ix:nonFraction></span>, net of commissions of $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromCommissionsReceived_c20210301__20210331__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--ATMProgramMember_zLEFfty2goB5"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromCommissionsReceived" contextRef="From2021-03-012021-03-31_custom_ATMProgramMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">25,000</ix:nonFraction></span>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
January 2020, the Company closed on a public offering of <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction_c20200101__20200131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember_zMLWrhwY9F25" title="Number of common stock shares sold"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction" contextRef="From2020-01-012020-01-31_us-gaap_IPOMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">10,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockPricePerShare_iI_c20200131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember_z1KzkKazwiv9" title="Share price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockPricePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2020-01-31_us-gaap_IPOMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">1.05</ix:nonFraction></span>, for
gross proceeds of $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn5n6_c20200101__20200131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember_zZcqkCsDzzUa" title="Proceeds from sale of common shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" contextRef="From2020-01-012020-01-31_us-gaap_IPOMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">10.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million. In addition, the Company also undertook a concurrent private placement of warrants to purchase up to
<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20200131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zHyJwFo9QE35" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2020-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">5,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price per share of $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--SharesIssuedPricePerShare_iI_c20200131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zBzuXqXQA38g" title="Warrants exercise price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2020-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">1.25</ix:nonFraction></span>, are exercisable during the period beginning
on the six-month anniversary of the date of its issuance (the &#8220;Initial Exercise Date&#8221;) and will expire on the fifth anniversary
of the Initial Exercise Date. The warrants contain a change of control provision whereby if the change of control is within the Company&#8217;s
control, the warrants could be settled in cash based on the Black-Scholes value of the warrants at the option of the warrant holder.
The warrants also provide that if there is no effective registration statement registering, or no current prospectus available for, the
issuance or resale of the warrant shares, the warrants may be exercised via a cashless exercise. After deducting the underwriting discounts
and commissions and other offering expenses, the net proceeds from the offering were approximately $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering_pn5n6_c20200101__20200131_zZFRaSbyEH95" title="Net proceeds from offering"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering" contextRef="From2020-01-012020-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">9.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million.</span></p>
<!-- Field: Split-Segment; Name: 001 -->
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 108; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->17<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:CommonStockPurchaseWarrantsAndWarrantLiabilityTextBlock"><p id="xdx_806_ecustom--CommonStockPurchaseWarrantsAndWarrantLiabilityTextBlock_zzHaC1DHNeZ4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>7.
<span id="xdx_822_zvmNfO94QFJl">COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANTS AND WARRANT LIABILITY</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Warrants</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 31, 2021, there were outstanding and exercisable warrants to purchase <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zX6swd0lfnKl" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">30,225,397</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of our common stock with exercise
prices ranging from $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zNTGe8fhwsia" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_srt_MinimumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</ix:nonFraction></span> to $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zpid9wfcQM14" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">281.25</ix:nonFraction></span> per share. Information on the outstanding warrants is as follows:</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:ScheduleOfOutstandingWarrantsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_893_ecustom--ScheduleOfOutstandingWarrantsTableTextBlock_z154yHSZoHM6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160; <span id="xdx_8B3_zXMqFT4S54i" style="display: none">COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANTS AND WARRANT LIABILITY</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Exercise<br /> Price</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Number of Shares Underlying Warrants</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Expiration Date</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Summary of Warrants</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFirstMember_zUMlgO5ZqJpf" title="Exercise Price" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFirstMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">281.25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFirstMember_zYd9vmMAnwza" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants" style="width: 18%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFirstMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 25%">N/A</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td title="Type of Financing" style="width: 35%; text-align: left"><span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFirstMember_zy9clWSoyjx8" title="Type of Financing"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFirstMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">Other Warrants</ix:nonNumeric></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td id="xdx_F47_z4NQ5wI8Bl" style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSecoundMember_fKg_____zkLcyZxKyhw5" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSecoundMember" id="Fact000866" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">2.80</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">*</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSecoundMember_zfBKuyEfQDDf" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSecoundMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">327,338</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSecoundMember_zU1vU5nwLZ91" title="Expiration Date" style="text-align: left"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSecoundMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription">July 2024</ix:nonNumeric></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_983_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSecoundMember_zO5CRG88suRi" title="Type of Financing" style="text-align: left"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSecoundMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">July 2019 Public Offering</ix:nonNumeric></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThridMember_zoLP7Q19UIFh" title="Exercise Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThridMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThridMember_zcMXIS3uSJJ4" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThridMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">70,297</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThridMember_zuVYGuhcHtyj" title="Expiration Date" style="text-align: left"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThridMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription">September 2024</ix:nonNumeric></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThridMember_zvfBiPw75rpc" title="Type of Financing" style="text-align: left"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThridMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">September 2018 Public Offering</ix:nonNumeric></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFouthMember_zdqS4mXsTarg" title="Exercise Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFouthMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.35</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFouthMember_zfteHsarivlf" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFouthMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">4,578,400</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_980_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFouthMember_ztKefU7OPWk1" title="Expiration Date" style="text-align: left"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFouthMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription">November 2025</ix:nonNumeric></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_988_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFouthMember_ziK4OhgT7M22" title="Type of Financing" style="text-align: left"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFouthMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">November 2020 Public Offering</ix:nonNumeric></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFifthMember_zqlVnwUWYkA8" title="Exercise Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFifthMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.70</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFifthMember_z4eSDWhMSTYk" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFifthMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">11,244,135</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFifthMember_zHxI8dAxesLj" title="Expiration Date" style="text-align: left"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFifthMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription">April 2026</ix:nonNumeric></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><p id="xdx_981_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFifthMember_z7yJpk7TbOog" title="Type of Financing" style="text-align: left; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFifthMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">April 2021 Registered Direct Offering (Accompanying Warrants)</ix:nonNumeric></p></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSixthMember_zsu1pn04C6ne" title="Exercise Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixthMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.70</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSixthMember_zXmWn4y56TIe" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixthMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">14,005,202</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_981_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSixthMember_zVNSRB4tTZ28" title="Expiration date description" style="text-align: left"><p style="text-align: left; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixthMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription">5 years after the date such warrants become exercisable, if ever</ix:nonNumeric></p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><p id="xdx_98A_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSixthMember_zLY3s6dnWY4d" title="Type of Financing" style="text-align: left; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixthMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">April 2021 Private Placement (Private Placement Warrants</ix:nonNumeric></p></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Grand Total</b></span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFirstToSixthMember_zkqZthOLc0Oj" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFirstToSixthMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">30,225,997</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F0B_zMtyOUZiuYpa" style="font-size: 10pt">*</span></td>
    <td style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1D_ztvJOMxAkM1l" style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:footnote id="Footnote000907" xml:lang="en-US">During the year ended
    October 31, 2021, the cashless exercise provision of these warrants expired and the exercise price adjusted to $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zwcoNdBOtmul" title="Warrant erercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">2.80</ix:nonFraction></span>.</ix:footnote></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 31, 2020, there were outstanding warrants to purchase <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20201031_zYZeIkDLh907" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIENPTU1PTiBTVE9DSyBQVVJDSEFTRSBXQVJSQU5UUyBBTkQgV0FSUkFOVCBMSUFCSUxJVFkgKERldGFpbHMgTmFycmF0aXZlKQA_"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">398,226</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of our common stock with exercise prices ranging from
$<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20201031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zlTyStnp2x03" title="Warrant exercise price per share" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIENPTU1PTiBTVE9DSyBQVVJDSEFTRSBXQVJSQU5UUyBBTkQgV0FSUkFOVCBMSUFCSUxJVFkgKERldGFpbHMgTmFycmF0aXZlKQA_"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_srt_MinimumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0</ix:nonFraction></span> to $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20201031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zv0GCj1qUeP6" title="Warrant exercise price per share" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIENPTU1PTiBTVE9DSyBQVVJDSEFTRSBXQVJSQU5UUyBBTkQgV0FSUkFOVCBMSUFCSUxJVFkgKERldGFpbHMgTmFycmF0aXZlKQA_"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">281.25</ix:nonFraction></span> per share. Information on the outstanding warrants is as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Exercise<br /> Price</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Number of Shares Underlying Warrants</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Expiration Date</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Summary of Warrants</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20201031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zVYaeBaMPZYd" title="Exercise Price" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">281.25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20201031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_pdd" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants" style="width: 18%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 25%">N/A</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_984_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" title="Type of Financing" style="width: 35%; text-align: left"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">Other Warrants</ix:nonNumeric></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20201031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_pdd" title="Exercise Price" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0923">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20201031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_pdd" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">327,338</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zKRFOJ98W6d3" title="Expiration Date" style="text-align: left"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription">July 2024</ix:nonNumeric></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" title="Type of Financing" style="text-align: left"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">July 2019 Public Offering</ix:nonNumeric></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20201031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_z2ryw8QIQGa8" title="Exercise Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.372</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20201031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_pdd" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">70,863</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zozMpq92Tur" title="Expiration Date" style="text-align: left"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription">September 2024</ix:nonNumeric></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_988_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" title="Type of Financing" style="text-align: left"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">September 2018 Public Offering</ix:nonNumeric></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Grand Total</b></span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20201031_pdd" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">398,226</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zgV3JwdQRPIj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock"><p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock_zy1QQvZ7hauh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of warrant activity was as follows (In thousands, except share and per share data):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; display: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span id="xdx_8B8_zu0t9jCaiy2b">SCHEDULE OF WARRANTS ACTIVITY</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Shares</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Weighted<br /> Average<br /> Exercise Price</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Weighted<br /> Average<br /> Remaining<br /> Contractual Life<br /> In Years</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Aggregate<br /> Intrinsic Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 44%; text-align: justify">Outstanding and exercisable warrants at October 31, 2019</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingNumber_iS_pid_c20191101__20201031_zKkynvn1djl8" title="Warrants, Outstanding and exercisable warrants, Beginning balance" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingNumber" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">432,142</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingAndExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_pid_c20191101__20201031_zNi20O5dd08j" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding and exercisable warrants, Beginning" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingAndExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.08</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardNonOptionsOutstandingAndExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTermBeginning_dtY_c20191101__20201031_zGRqzAkCkthj" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life In Years, Outstanding and exercisable warrants, Beginning"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="ADXS:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardNonOptionsOutstandingAndExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTermBeginning">4.76</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingAndExercisableAggregateIntrinsicValue_iS_pn3n3_c20191101__20201031_zWADj7qT6vH9" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Beginning" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingAndExercisableAggregateIntrinsicValue" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">114,069</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Issued</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGranted_pid_c20191101__20201031_zlOOaa78zI4d" title="Warrants, Issued" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGranted" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">5,000,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGrantedWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20191101__20201031_zmtJ4enpZRW3" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Issued" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGrantedWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">1.25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td id="xdx_F44_z2eEup4F8p3c" style="text-align: justify">Exercised *</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercised_iN_pid_di_c20191101__20201031_zqlrEI6Uazuh" title="Warrants, Exercised" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercised" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">33,916</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercisedWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20191101__20201031_zaiacoPseyla" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercisedWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.02</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Exchanged</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExchanged_iN_pid_di_c20191101__20201031_zdUAMYu6ZpM3" title="Warrants, Exchanged" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExchanged" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">5,000,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercisedWeightedAverageExchangePrice_pid_c20191101__20201031_zrnccjlRXRHj" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exchanged" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercisedWeightedAverageExchangePrice" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">1.25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Outstanding and exercisable warrants at October 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingNumber_iS_pid_c20201101__20211031_zlAL56DEgDB8" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingNumber" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">398,226</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingAndExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_pid_c20201101__20211031_zrVAohBfXLLe" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingAndExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.08</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_907_ecustom--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardNonOptionsOutstandingAndExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTermBeginning_dtY_c20201101__20211031_zKp84fdmBN75" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life In Years, Outstanding and exercisable warrants, Beginning balance"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="ADXS:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardNonOptionsOutstandingAndExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTermBeginning">3.76</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_985_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingAndExercisableAggregateIntrinsicValue_iS_pn3n3_c20201101__20211031_zowUVfgazkl8" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingAndExercisableAggregateIntrinsicValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">110,640</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Issued</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGranted_pid_c20201101__20211031_zVuXVfBHKX63" title="Warrants, Issued" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGranted" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">48,254,606</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGrantedWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20201101__20211031_z0nHb40unEch" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Issued" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGrantedWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.48</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Exercised</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercised_iN_pid_di_c20201101__20211031_zKoI7dcmqng9" title="Warrants, Exercised" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">18,427,435</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercisedWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20201101__20211031_zLnhiTc1jh2l" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercisedWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.20</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Outstanding and exercisable warrants at October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingNumber_iE_pid_c20201101__20211031_zRt2XFAEHxY1" title="Warrants, Outstanding and exercisable warrants, Ending balance" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingNumber" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">30,225,397</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingAndExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_pid_c20201101__20211031_zYuI3LR7jmQ4" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding and exercisable warrants, Ending" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingAndExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.67</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardNonOptionsOutstandingAndExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTermEnding_dtY_c20201101__20211031_zfP00KM4vDmg" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life In Years, Outstanding and exercisable warrants, Ending balance"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="ADXS:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardNonOptionsOutstandingAndExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTermEnding">4.63</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingAndExercisableAggregateIntrinsicValue_iE_pn3n3_c20201101__20211031_z5OUIXwHD3A4" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Ending" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingAndExercisableAggregateIntrinsicValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">631,089</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
  <td style="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_F03_zMHLB4Ta5jK9" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</span></td>
  <td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1C_zdCkZsd27Ae8" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:footnote id="Footnote000983" xml:lang="en-US">Includes the cashless exercise of <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--CashlessWarrantExercise_iI_pid_c20211031_zsIb2ujzlAnb" title="Cashless warrant exercise" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNDSEVEVUxFIE9GIFdBUlJBTlRTIEFDVElWSVRZIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CashlessWarrantExercise" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">32,500</ix:nonFraction></span> warrants that resulted
in the issuance of <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zYccYIoVtvU7" title="Number of common stock shares issued" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNDSEVEVUxFIE9GIFdBUlJBTlRTIEFDVElWSVRZIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember32232984" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">32,500</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of common stock.</ix:footnote></span></td></tr>
</table>


</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AB_zjhDJ06NIC4j" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 31, 2021, the Company had <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--EquityWarrantsMember_pdd" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_EquityWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">16,149,898</ix:nonFraction></span> of its total <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--EquityWarrantsMember_pdd" title="Warrants outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_EquityWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">30,225,397</ix:nonFraction></span> outstanding warrants classified as equity (equity warrants).
At October 31, 2020, the Company had <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--EquityWarrantsMember_zbvPnW8ccC6g" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_EquityWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">327,363</ix:nonFraction></span> of its total <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--EquityWarrantsMember_zc2xTKtDAkf6" title="Warrants outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_EquityWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">398,226</ix:nonFraction></span> outstanding warrants classified as equity (equity warrants). At issuance,
equity warrants are recorded at their relative fair values, using the Relative Fair Value Method, in the shareholders equity section
of the consolidated balance sheets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 109; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->18<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Shares
Issued for Warrants Exercises</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the year ended October <span style="background-color: white">31</span>, 2021, warrant holders from the Company&#8217;s November
2020 offering exercised <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember_pdd"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_us-gaap_IPOMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">10,754,932</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">warrants in exchange for <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember_pdd"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_IPOMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">10,754,932</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock and
warrant holders from the Company&#8217;s April 2021 Offering exercised <span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--PrefundedWarrantsToPurchaseCommonSharesExercised_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--PreFundedWarrantMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember_z7ZFEG2PDb18"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PrefundedWarrantsToPurchaseCommonSharesExercised" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_PreFundedWarrantMember_us-gaap_IPOMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">7,671,937</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">pre-funded warrants in exchange for <span id="xdx_904_ecustom--PrefundedWarrantsToPurchaseCommonExchangeShares_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--PreFundedWarrantMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember_zO9MrpPR7ly5"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PrefundedWarrantsToPurchaseCommonExchangeShares" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_PreFundedWarrantMember_us-gaap_IPOMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">7,671,937</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock. Pursuant
to these warrant exercises, the Company received aggregate proceeds of approximately $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering_pn5n6_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember_znBbtBynzsQi"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_IPOMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.8</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million which were payable upon exercise.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Shares
Issued in Settlement of Equity Warrants</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
October 16, 2020, the Company entered into private exchange agreements with certain holders of warrants issued in connection with the
Company&#8217;s January 2020 public offering of common stock and warrants. The warrants being exchanged provide for the purchase of up
to an aggregate of <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_c20211016__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--PrivateExchangeAgreementMember_pdd" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-16_custom_PrivateExchangeAgreementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">5,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20211016__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--PrivateExchangeAgreementMember_pdd" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-16_custom_PrivateExchangeAgreementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">1.25</ix:nonFraction></span> per share. The warrants became exercisable on <span title="Warrant expiration">July
21, 2020</span> and have an expiration date of <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20211016__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--PrivateExchangeAgreementMember_zxkTChwzxsk2"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2021-10-16_custom_PrivateExchangeAgreementMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">July 21, 2025</ix:nonNumeric></span>. Pursuant to such exchange agreements, the Company agreed to issue <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_c20211015__20211016__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--PrivateExchangeAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__us-gaap--InvestorMember_pdd" title="Number of common stock shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2021-10-152021-10-16_custom_PrivateExchangeAgreementMember_us-gaap_InvestorMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">3,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares
of common stock to the investors in exchange for the warrants. The fair value of these warrants approximated the fair value of shares
issued in the exchange for these warrants. The Company used the closing stock price to value the shares and Black Scholes model to value
these warrants on the date of the exchange. In determining the fair warrant of the warrants issued on October 16, 2020, the Company used
the following inputs in its Black-Sholes model: exercise price $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_uPure_c20211016__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember_z2rex9DE4l4d" title="Warrants, measurement input" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-16_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">1.25</ix:nonFraction></span>, stock price $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_uPure_c20211016__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputSharePriceMember_z6xNsqD6yMF5" title="Warrants, measurement input"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-16_us-gaap_MeasurementInputSharePriceMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">0.406</ix:nonFraction></span>, expected term <span title="Warrants, term"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_iI_dtY_c20211016__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_zCbHlA7Q9t9h"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2021-10-16_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm">4.76</ix:nonNumeric></span> years</span>, volatility <span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--FairValueMeasurementInputPercentage_iI_dp_uPure_c20211016__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_zFML6XxtdPa4" title="Warrants, measurement input fair value, percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueMeasurementInputPercentage" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-16_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">101.18</ix:nonFraction>%</span>
and risk-free interest rate <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--FairValueMeasurementInputPercentage_iI_dp_uPure_c20211016__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_z8PWGZVFwSah" title="Warrants, measurement input fair value, percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueMeasurementInputPercentage" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-16_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">0.32</ix:nonFraction>%</span>. In connection with the exchange of warrants for common stock, the Company recorded a loss of approximately
$<span id="xdx_907_ecustom--LossOnSharesIssuedInSettlementOfWarrants_iN_di_c20211015__20211016_zG8wyk2HXvN4" title="Loss on shares issued in settlement of warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:LossOnSharesIssuedInSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2021-10-152021-10-16" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" sign="-" unitRef="USD">77,000</ix:nonFraction></span> as the fair value of the shares issued exceeded the fair value of warrants exchanged.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Warrant
Liability</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 31, 2021, the Company had <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zLxqMxWlPjja" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">14,075,499</ix:nonFraction></span> of its total <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_z3AObEDY2dA4" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">30,225,397</ix:nonFraction></span> outstanding warrants from April 2021 Private Placement Offering
and September 2018 Public Offering classified as liabilities (liability warrants). At October 31, 2020, the Company had <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zcU2OT5WM3sj" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">70,863</ix:nonFraction></span> of its
total <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zZ9qnh8lzDOb" title="Warrants outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">398,226</ix:nonFraction></span> outstanding warrants from the September 2018 Public Offering classified as liabilities (liability warrants).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
warrants issued in the April 2021 Private Placement will become exercisable only on such day, if ever, that is 14 days after the Company
files an amendment to the Company&#8217;s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares
of common stock, $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_c20211031_pdd"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.001</ix:nonFraction></span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">par
value per share from <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_c20211031_pdd"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">170,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares
to <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_c20211031__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember_pdd"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_IPOMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">300,000,000</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares. These warrants expire five years after
the date they become exercisable. As of October 31, 2021, the Company does not have sufficient authorized common stock to allow for
the issuance of common stock underlying these warrants. The Company did not receive stockholder authorization to increase the authorized
shares from <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_c20210601_z1y9l2961ssi"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-06-01" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">170,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> to <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_c20210603_zlNBeXn5fJxi"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-06-03" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">300,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares at the stockholder&#8217;s meeting held on June 3, 2021. The Company was subsequently required
to file a proxy to seek an increase in the number of authorized shares and did not file such a proxy but rather elected to seek a reverse
stock split to, among other things, increase the shares available. Accordingly, based on certain indemnification provisions of the securities
purchase agreement, the Company concluded that liability classification is warranted. The Company utilized the Black Scholes
model to calculate the fair value of these warrants at issuance and at each subsequent reporting date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock_hus-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zKp2gyRCgbt3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">In
measuring the warrant liability for the warrants issued in the April 2021 Private Placement at October 31, 2021 and April 14, 2021 (issuance
date), the Company used the following inputs in its Black Scholes model:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_ztlzRsu43M4j">SCHEDULE OF ASSUMPTIONS USED IN WARRANT LIABILITY</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">April 14, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 65%; text-align: justify">Exercise Price</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_pdd" title="Exercise Price" style="width: 15%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.70</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20210414__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_pdd" title="Exercise Price" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-14_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.70</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Stock Price</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--SharePrice_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_pdd" title="Stock Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharePrice" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.485</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--SharePrice_c20210414__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_pdd" title="Stock Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharePrice" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-14_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.57</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Expected Term</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_iI_dtY_c20211031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zHEFgYfqK9yh"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm">5</ix:nonNumeric></span>.00 years</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_iI_dtY_c20210414__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zFbjwD9rYdph"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2021-04-14_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm">5</ix:nonNumeric></span>.00 years</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Volatility %</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20211031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zQCETNr1Bg5" title="Measurement input percentage" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">106</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20210414__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zpkMp4A3MfQ6" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-14_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">106</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Risk Free Rate</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20211031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zoz9Iv9vj8Fj" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">1.18</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20210414__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zFg95WABbLti" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-14_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">0.85</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A0_zAfoVrF9MqC5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
September 2018 Public Offering warrants contain a down round feature, except for exempt issuances as defined in the warrant agreement,
in which the exercise price would immediately be reduced to match a dilutive issuance of common stock, options, convertible securities
and changes in option price or rate of conversion. As of October 31, 2021, the down round feature was triggered three times and the exercise
price of the warrants were reduced from $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_pdd" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">22.50</ix:nonFraction></span> to $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_z0sazOf5lyw3" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_srt_MinimumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</ix:nonFraction></span>. The warrants require liability classification as the warrant agreement requires
the Company to maintain an effective registration statement and does not specify any circumstances under which settlement in other than
cash would be permitted or required. As a result, net cash settlement is assumed and liability classification is warranted. For these
liability warrants, the Company utilized the Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the fair value of these warrants at issuance and
at each subsequent reporting date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 110; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->19<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock_zpGTD8HxzMod" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">In
measuring the warrant liability for the September 2018 Public Offering warrants at October 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020, the Company
used the following inputs in its Monte Carlo simulation model:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B2_z3CosXbLChtb">SCHEDULE OF ASSUMPTIONS USED IN WARRANT LIABILITY</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 62%; text-align: justify">Exercise Price</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_pdd" title="Exercise Price" style="width: 15%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_pdd" title="Exercise Price" style="width: 15%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.37</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Stock Price</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--SharePrice_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_pdd" title="Stock Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharePrice" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.485</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--SharePrice_c20201031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_pdd" title="Stock Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharePrice" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.34</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Expected Term</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span title="Expected Term"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_iI_dtY_c20211031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_z8AiPzXi5iL9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm">2.87</ix:nonNumeric></span> years</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span title="Expected Term"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_iI_dtY_c20201031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zOKXDiPZk02g"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm">3.87</ix:nonNumeric></span> years</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Volatility %</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20211031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_ztoKDh68NiS5" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">123</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20201031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zMSKa7dm9tHa" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">106</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Risk Free Rate</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20211031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zIHnVJrzPNJ1" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">0.77</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20201031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zyC0ekQB0mZ6" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">0.29</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A8_z697H356ucxc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
October 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020, the fair value of the warrant liability was approximately $<span id="xdx_909_ecustom--FairValueOfWarrantLiability_iI_pn5n6_c20211031_zib39jSlbuZa" title="Fair value of the warrant liability"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueOfWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">4.9</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_901_ecustom--FairValueOfWarrantLiability_iI_c20201031_zWq52vm8Zou1" title="Fair value of the warrant liability"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueOfWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">17,000</ix:nonFraction></span>, respectively.
For the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company reported income of approximately $<span id="xdx_902_ecustom--FairValueOfWarrants_iN_pn5n6_di_c20201101__20211031_z37gxqkEzaJg" title="Income on fair value of warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueOfWarrants" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_pn5n6_dxL_c20191101__20201031_zeJ6viI97n98" title="Income on fair value of warrants::XDX::-"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1083">0</span></span>, respectively, due to
changes in the fair value of the warrant liability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock"><p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock_zoIbZw368twi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>8.
<span id="xdx_825_z1fLOBQvqota">SHARE BASED COMPENSATION</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfCompensationCostForShareBasedPaymentArrangementsAllocationOfShareBasedCompensationCostsByPlanTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCompensationCostForShareBasedPaymentArrangementsAllocationOfShareBasedCompensationCostsByPlanTableTextBlock_zeqSMs5xgCX2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes share-based compensation expense included in the consolidated statement of operations by expense category
for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B9_zzoVMTkCp0Jl">SUMMARY OF SHARE BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Year Ended October 31,</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: justify">Research and development</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_pn3n3" title="Share-based compensation expense" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">164</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_pn3n3" title="Share-based compensation expense" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">308</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">General and administrative</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_pn3n3" title="Share-based compensation expense" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">402</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_pn3n3" title="Share-based compensation expense" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">583</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20201101__20211031_pn3n3" title="Share-based compensation expense" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">566</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20191101__20201031_pn3n3" title="Share-based compensation expense" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">891</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zuymH5vKSpC6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Amendments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Advaxis, Inc. 2015 Incentive Plan (the &#8220;2015 Plan&#8221;) was originally ratified and approved by the Company&#8217;s stockholders
on May 27, 2015. Subject to proportionate adjustment in the event of stock splits and similar events, the aggregate number of shares
of common stock that may be issued under the 2015 Plan is <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction_c20201101__20211031__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--StockSplitMember__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember_zkCv00shETDa" title="Issuance of common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_StockSplitMember_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">240,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares, plus a number of additional shares (not to exceed <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction_c20201101__20211031__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--StockSplitMember__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zvvzaB90Rut7" title="Issuance of common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_StockSplitMember_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">43,333</ix:nonFraction></span>) underlying
awards outstanding as of the effective date of the 2015 Plan under the prior plan that thereafter terminate or expire unexercised, or
are cancelled, forfeited or lapse for any reason.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 1, 2020, <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualCommonStockReservedForFutureIssuance_iI_c20200102__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember_zBzJoPMClptk" title="Common stock reserved for issuance under plan"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualCommonStockReservedForFutureIssuance" contextRef="AsOf2020-01-02_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">166,667</ix:nonFraction></span> shares were added to the 2015 Plan.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of the Company held on May 4, 2020, the Company&#8217;s stockholders voted to approve an amendment
to increase the number of shares authorized for issuance under the 2015 Plan from <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pid_c20210504__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zEYDMqFNMpX2" title="Common stock authorized for issuance"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-05-04_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember_srt_MinimumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">877,744</ix:nonFraction></span> shares to <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pid_c20210504__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zhUBNeer7NAl" title="Common stock authorized for issuance"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-05-04_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">6,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 1, 2021, <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualCommonStockReservedForFutureIssuance_iI_pid_c20210102__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember_zmi9dLDmJZc5" title="Common stock reserved for issuance under plan"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualCommonStockReservedForFutureIssuance" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-02_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">166,667</ix:nonFraction></span> shares were added to the 2015 Plan.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 31, 2021, there were <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualCommonStockReservedForFutureIssuance_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember_zF9bGRSO3hm9" title="Common stock reserved for issuance under plan"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualCommonStockReservedForFutureIssuance" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_TwoThousandAndFifteenPlanMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">5,127,985</ix:nonFraction></span> shares available for issuance under the 2015 Plan.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 111; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->20<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Restricted
Stock Units (RSUs)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_zo5xjqnoMaec" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of the Company&#8217;s RSU activity and related information for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B4_zp0ia392Fyjl">SUMMARY OF RSU ACTIVITY AND RELATED INFORMATION</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Number of<br /> RSU&#8217;s</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Weighted-Average<br /> Grant Date Fair Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: justify">Balance at October 31, 2019</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zVdhMCyyXZdl" title="Number of RSUs, Unvested Beginning Balance" style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">14,706</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zhjo1qPTPUYh" title="Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Unvested Beginning Balance" style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">47.62</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Vested</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_di_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_znSET8XDkPZ8" title="Number of RSUs, Vested" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">8,870</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zh5XC9idisG4" title="Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Vested" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">60.59</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Cancelled</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_iN_di_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zsOJrCKXYOog" title="Number of RSUs, Cancelled" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">280</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zSgkC1PuEvU3" title="Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Cancelled" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">98.80</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Balance at October 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zix9dXnJ4iz5" title="Number of RSUs, Unvested Beginning Balance" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">5,556</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zCHaXwt1rwZe" title="Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Unvested Beginning Balance" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">24.32</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Vested</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_di_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zMOAvqJaNJ4g" title="Number of RSUs, Vested" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">5,555</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zQyuVB7NM7T6" title="Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Vested" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">24.30</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Cancelled</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_iN_di_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_z2kHJVbbTsqh" title="Number of RSUs, Cancelled" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zSZpWZFLecH9" title="Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Cancelled" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">125.25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Balance at October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iE_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zzUOl8zz6y38" title="Number of RSUs, Unvested Ending Balance" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1141">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iE_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zKyUhb2cFyIj" title="Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Unvested Ending Balance" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1143">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zv7eQevHOF4l" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
fair value of the RSUs as of the respective vesting dates was approximately $<span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--FairValueOfEquityPurchasesValue_pp0p0_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zXW3AFpFkSgk" title="Fair value of equity purchases value"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueOfEquityPurchasesValue" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">3,000</ix:nonFraction></span> and $<span id="xdx_901_ecustom--FairValueOfEquityPurchasesValue_pp0p0_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zLhnOZjFkQ7k" title="Fair value of equity purchases value"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueOfEquityPurchasesValue" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">5,000</ix:nonFraction></span> for the years ended October 31, 2021 and
2020, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Employee
Stock Awards</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
stock issued to executives and employees related to vested incentive retention awards and employment inducements totaled <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--EmployeeStockAwardsMember_zOU17sORkKEb" title="Share-based compensation, common stock, shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_EmployeeStockAwardsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">5,555</ix:nonFraction></span> shares
and <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--EmployeeStockAwardsMember_zTdJUySKF7z3" title="Share-based compensation, common stock, shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_EmployeeStockAwardsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">8,870</ix:nonFraction></span> shares during the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Total stock compensation expense associated with these
awards for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pp0p0_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--EmployeeStockAwardsMember_zHyq3qHC14L4" title="Stock compensation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_EmployeeStockAwardsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">67,000</ix:nonFraction></span> and $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pn5n6_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--EmployeeStockAwardsMember_zhDDzA7L0lJh" title="Stock compensation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_EmployeeStockAwardsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stock
Options</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_zHAkOheioeHk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of changes in the stock option plan for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows (in thousands, except share and
per share data):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B4_z74BLxI47yhb">SUMMARY OF CHANGES IN STOCK OPTION PLAN</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Shares</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Weighted<br /> Average<br /> Exercise Price</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Weighted<br /> Average<br /> Remaining<br /> Contractual Life<br /> In Years</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Aggregate<br /> Intrinsic Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 44%; text-align: justify">Outstanding as of October 31, 2019</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iS_pid_c20191101__20201031_zlJlYzWli0vd" title="Shares Outstanding, Beginning Balance" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">560,490</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_pid_c20191101__20201031_zRjhEFUeeHSl" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">71.56</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20191101__20201031_zoOyXHbHmn2c" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life In Years, Outstanding, Beginning"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">7.34</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iS_pn3n3_c20191101__20201031_zVUmk7a16li" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Beginning" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Granted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_pid_c20191101__20201031_zz0YsIPSOy7l" title="Shares, Granted" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">645,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20191101__20201031_z51LAF2UVizd" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Granted" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.61</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Cancelled or expired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_iN_pid_di_c20191101__20201031_zS2Qt8c7lu33" title="Shares, Cancelled or Expired" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">193,722</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20191101__20201031_zU7y8nfCEnXd" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Cancelled or Expired" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">34.47</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Outstanding as of October 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iS_pid_c20201101__20211031_zbyMwD53MEne" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,011,768</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_pid_c20201101__20211031_z4kyDelsRYXl" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">33.43</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20201101__20211031_z9Rpheok6pIa" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life In Years, Outstanding, Beginning"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">8.04</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iS_pn3n3_c20201101__20211031_zesiR8nPitui" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Beginning" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Granted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_pid_c20201101__20211031_z4DVMMFXzRIb" title="Shares, Granted" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">50,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20201101__20211031_zh3Awg9k0gv9" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Granted" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.39</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Exercised</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_iN_pid_di_c20201101__20211031_zAjg6T7tACr7" title="Shares, Exercised" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">333</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20201101__20211031_zT7DvODw3xEb" title="Weighted average exercise price, Exercised" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Cancelled or expired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_iN_pid_di_c20201101__20211031_zmBlNZGOTGR2" title="Shares, Cancelled or Expired" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">167,489</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20201101__20211031_zfw8CACjnVv7" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Cancelled or Expired" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">98.93</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Outstanding as of October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iE_pid_c20201101__20211031_zOEy6ARSJ1I3" title="Shares, Outstanding, Ending Balance" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">893,946</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_pid_c20201101__20211031_zDuWJzpDedZk" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">19.32</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_900_ecustom--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTermEnding_dtY_c20201101__20211031_zEJPhP8h15O6" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life In Years, Outstanding, Ending balance"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="ADXS:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTermEnding">7.8</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iE_pn3n3_c20201101__20211031_zTmjTEOvMdob" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Ending" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Vested and exercisable at October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_iI_pid_c20211031_zQHBGhZbKZWb" title="Shares, Vested and Exercisable" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">456,506</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iI_pid_c20211031_zsEBUvSlkpD6" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Vested and Exercisable" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">37.03</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_dtY_c20201101__20211031_zYV0u77VfdC" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life In Years, Vested and Exercisable"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1">6.98</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_c20211031_pn3n3" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested and Exercisable" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A1_z46xj2Zh1zC8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">During
the year ended October 31, 2021, the Company granted stock options to purchase <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_pid_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockMember_z4UlGFseubyd"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">50,000</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">shares of its common
stock to an employee. The stock options have a <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_dxL_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockMember_zv3xNmIANxE4" title="::XDX::P10Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1210">ten</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">-year
term, vest over <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1_dt_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockMember_zTMpaWXYrcS1"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen" name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1">three
years</ix:nonNumeric></span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">from the date of
grant, and have an exercise price of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockMember_zmEiLztxjd2g"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.39</ix:nonFraction></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">.
During the year ended October 31, 2020, the Company granted stock options to purchase <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_pid_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockMember_zpMT54Dtvsic"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">580,000</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">and <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_pid_c20191101__20201031__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__srt--DirectorMember_zjBgW5T6ost2"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_srt_DirectorMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">65,000</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">shares of its common
stock to employees and directors, respectively. The stock options issued to employees have a <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_dxL_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockMember_z3STQYWmVjMa" title="::XDX::P10Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1215">ten</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">-year
term, vest over <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1_dt_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockMember_zaIBaM5iDedk"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen" name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1">three
years</ix:nonNumeric></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">, and have an exercise
price of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iI_pid_c20201031__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_z3cI8nT4948k"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember_srt_MinimumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.49</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">to $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iI_pid_c20201031__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zQITCrpN8Pyl"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.66</ix:nonFraction></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">.
The stock options issued to directors have a <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_dxL_c20191101__20201031__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__srt--DirectorMember_z5VarEjTENb4" title="::XDX::P10Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1219">ten</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">-year
term, vest over <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1_dt_c20191101__20201031__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__srt--DirectorMember_zwFqB2okJJh9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_srt_DirectorMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen" name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1">three
years</ix:nonNumeric></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">, and have an exercise
price of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iI_pid_c20201031__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__srt--DirectorMember_z7U9YFDISno7"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_srt_DirectorMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.66</ix:nonFraction></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
weighted average grant date fair value of options granted during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 was $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pp2d_c20201101__20211031_zWOGJbLHcMM9" title="Fair value, grant"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="2" unitRef="USDPShares">0.32</ix:nonFraction></span> and $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pp2d_c20191101__20201031_zLlu52KoH95i"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="2" unitRef="USDPShares">0.48</ix:nonFraction></span>,
respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
total intrinsic value of options exercised during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 was $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_pp0d_c20201101__20211031_zWbTg0Ir04If" title="Intrinsic value of options exercised"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">162</ix:nonFraction></span> and $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_pp0d_c20191101__20201031_zWFN8J66oXrf"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">0</ix:nonFraction></span>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
compensation cost related to the Company&#8217;s outstanding stock options, recognized in the consolidated statement of operations
for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_pn5n6_c20201101__20211031_zbNp7nvA84pl"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.5</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_pn5n6_c20191101__20201031_zg7NkCVa2X7b"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.7</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 112; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->21<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 31, 2021, there was approximately $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions_iI_pn5n6_c20211031_zM1g3hguZuP8" title="Unrecognized cost"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock option awards,
which is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted average vesting period of approximately <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_dtY_c20201101__20211031_zdatp73JXSt" title="Vesting period"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1">1.61</ix:nonNumeric></span> years.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeTextBlock"><p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeTextBlock_zIf6yz5Boz05" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes information about the outstanding and exercisable stock options at October 31, 2021:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BB_zHdWiFCjo4mf" style="display: none">SUMMARY OF OUTSTANDING AND EXERCISABLE OPTIONS</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Options Outstanding</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Options Exercisable</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Weighted</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Weighted</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Weighted</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Weighted</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Average</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Average</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Average</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Average</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Exercise</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Number</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Remaining</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Exercise</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Intrinsic</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Number</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Remaining</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Exercise</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Intrinsic</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Price Range</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Outstanding</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Contractual</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Price</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Value</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Exercisable</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: justify">Contractual</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Price</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_pdd" title="Exercise Price Range, lower limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">.30</ix:nonFraction></span>-$<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_pdd" title="Exercise Price Range, upper limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">10.00</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zQ6eItB7q7Wi" title="Number Outstanding, Options Outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">727,879</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zhkiqdIEtqB3" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual, Options Outstanding"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">8.43</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zcmJdq6HqMGc" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">1.06</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iI_pn3n3_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zHMF2Y62cYN1" title="Options Outstanding, Intrinsic Value" style="width: 8%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zXaK91H5r5ya" title="Number Outstanding, Options Exercisable" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">290,439</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zutiTNeVR1Lg" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Exercisable, Options Exercisable"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">8.23</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_ze7EmkPCBbpi" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Exercisable" style="width: 8%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">1.40</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_iI_pn3n3_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zF95bA6gf704" title="Options Exercisable, Intrinsic Value" style="width: 8%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_pdd" title="Exercise Price Range, lower limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">10.01</ix:nonFraction></span>-$<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_pdd" title="Exercise Price Range, upper limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">100.00</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zdXES56nrZL" title="Number Outstanding, Options Outstanding" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">90,432</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zw4mqU3QqDSi" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual, Options Outstanding"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">6.22</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zYXyyRvYaFF7" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Outstanding" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">29.02</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zgAzyEpyfst1" title="Number Outstanding, Options Exercisable" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">90,432</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_z1NTOBMtfhQc" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Exercisable, Options Exercisable"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">6.22</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zTO8Mn9q8d0c" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Exercisable" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">29.02</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_pdd" title="Exercise Price Range, lower limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">100.01</ix:nonFraction></span>-$<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_pdd" title="Exercise Price Range, upper limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">200.00</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zhysBZ1qg2Cg" title="Number Outstanding, Options Outstanding" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">50,938</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zNBsfJ4KZPXl" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual, Options Outstanding"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">3.47</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zjeCMP0xyGck" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Outstanding" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">162.17</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zKDHWnkCBEae" title="Number Outstanding, Options Exercisable" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">50,938</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_z4tN4YLOCxNd" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Exercisable, Options Exercisable"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">3.47</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zCiRNlxpu142" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Exercisable" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">162.17</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_pdd" title="Exercise Price Range, lower limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">200.01</ix:nonFraction></span>-$<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_pdd" title="Exercise Price Range, upper limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">277.5</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zCX5QvXVmwN" title="Number Outstanding, Options Outstanding" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">24,697</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zWxva8chvDLf" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual, Options Outstanding"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">2.22</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zCL4zgCHA4hk" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Outstanding" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">227.35</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zZzgXM9sB4c6" title="Number Outstanding, Options Exercisable" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">24,697</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Exercisable, Options Exercisable"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zR4xBA5Sx8p9" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Exercisable, Options Exercisable"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">2.22</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zEXvw7wYlHpf" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Exercisable" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">227.35</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A6_zQHWw2zkJXO1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
fair value of each option granted from the Company&#8217;s stock option plans during the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 was estimated
on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Using this model, fair value is calculated based on assumptions with
respect to (i) expected volatility of the Company&#8217;s common stock price, (ii) the periods of time over which employees and Board
Directors are expected to hold their options prior to exercise (expected lives), (iii) expected dividend yield on the Company&#8217;s
common stock, and (iv) risk-free interest rates, which are based on quoted U.S. Treasury rates for securities with maturities approximating
expected lives of the options. The Company used their own historical volatility in determining the volatility to be used. The expected
term of the stock option grants was calculated using the &#8220;simplified&#8221; method in accordance with the SEC Staff Accounting
Bulletin 107. The &#8220;simplified&#8221; method was used since the Company believes its historical data does not provide a reasonable
basis upon which to estimate expected term and the Company does not have enough option exercise data from its grants issued to support
its own estimate as a result of vesting terms and changes in the stock price. The expected dividend yield is zero as the Company has
never paid dividends to common shareholders and does not currently anticipate paying any in the foreseeable future.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock_zav6YVJCPtDk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides the weighted average fair value of stock options granted to directors and employees and the related assumptions
used in the Black-Scholes model:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_zUEfDHjcHDIf">SUMMARY OF FAIR VALUE OF STOCK OPTIONS GRANTED OF BSM</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Year Ended</td><td>&#160;</td>
    </tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    </tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Expected term</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1_dtY_c20201101__20211031_zhHrPDNqbKLe" title="Expected term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1">6</ix:nonNumeric></span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1_dtY_c20191101__20201031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zPocvyoUklG3" title="Expected term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_srt_MinimumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1">5.50</ix:nonNumeric></span>-<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1_dtY_c20191101__20201031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zRlrDMhIVMAf" title="Expected term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1">6.50</ix:nonNumeric></span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td>
    </tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: justify">Expected volatility</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate_pid_dp_c20201101__20211031_znz2SWpAiN45" title="Expected volatility"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">103.27</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate_pid_dp_c20191101__20201031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_z63H2HpfV8vb" title="Expected volatility"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_srt_MinimumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">100.27</ix:nonFraction></span>-<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate_pid_dp_c20191101__20201031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_z1KJMC1tqUgh" title="Expected volatility"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">105.21</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td>
    </tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Expected dividends</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate_pid_dp_c20201101__20211031_zNNCLQNPixCg" title="Expected dividends"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">0</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate_pid_dp_c20191101__20201031_zqwUCGL8Zi1j" title="Expected dividends"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">0</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td>
    </tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Risk free interest rate</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate_pid_dp_c20201101__20211031_zgbzvH9FRr9h" title="Risk free interest rate"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">0.53</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate_pid_dp_c20191101__20201031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_z3fFf497W0n1" title="Risk free interest rate"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_srt_MinimumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">0.36</ix:nonFraction></span>-<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate_pid_dp_c20191101__20201031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zCJ6NYWaJPf6" title="Risk free interest rate"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">0.62</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td>
    </tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A0_zBXJaqmwcKe1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Employee
Stock Purchase Plan</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Advaxis, Inc. 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) was approved by<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPPlanDescription_c20190320__20190321__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandAndEighteenEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember_z1MKjgYXhon5" title="Employee stock purchase plan description"> <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-03-202019-03-21_custom_TwoThousandAndEighteenEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember" name="us-gaap:EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPPlanDescription">the Company&#8217;s shareholders on March 21, 2018. The 2018 ESPP
allows employees to purchase common stock of the Company at a 15% discount to the market price on designated exercise dates. Employees
were eligible to participate in the 2018 ESPP beginning May 1, 2018. 1,000,000 shares of the Company&#8217;s Common stock were reserved
for issuance under the 2018 ESPP.</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 113; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->22<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">During
the fiscal years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company issued <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandAndEighteenEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember_z5acIlm3wWp7" title="Stock issued during the period"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_TwoThousandAndEighteenEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,000</ix:nonFraction></span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">and
<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandAndEighteenEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember_z7CV65BLty55"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_TwoThousandAndEighteenEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">14,148</ix:nonFraction></span> shares, respectively, under the 2018 ESPP. <span style="background-color: white">In July 2021, the ESPP was terminated.</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock_z4ciHBC1GGt2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>9.
<span id="xdx_820_zj9R0JX1pPyb">LICENSING AGREEMENTS</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>OS
Therapies LLC</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 4, 2018, the Company entered into a development, license and supply agreement with OS Therapies (&#8220;OST&#8221;) for the
use of ADXS31-164, also known as ADXS-HER2, for evaluation in the treatment of osteosarcoma in humans. Under the terms of the license
agreement, as amended, OST will be responsible for the conduct and funding of a clinical study evaluating ADXS-HER2 in recurrent, completely
resected osteosarcoma. Under the most recent amendment to the licensing agreement, OST agreed to pay Advaxis $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--Revenues_pp0p0_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember_z5ekE6aDbzrb" title="Revenue"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">25,000</ix:nonFraction></span> per month (&#8220;Monthly
Payment&#8221;) starting on April 30, 2020 until OST achieves its funding milestone of $<span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--FundingMilestonePayment_pp0p0_c20180903__20180904__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember_zL0br2guZrA8" title="Funding milestone payment"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FundingMilestonePayment" contextRef="From2018-09-032018-09-04_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">2,337,500</ix:nonFraction></span>. Upon receipt of the first Monthly
Payment, Advaxis will initiate the transfer of the intellectual property and licensing rights of ADXS31-164, which were licensed pursuant
to the Penn Agreement, back to the University of Pennsylvania. Contemporaneously, OST will enter negotiations with the University of
Pennsylvania to establish a licensing agreement for ADXS31-164 to OST for clinical and commercial development of the ADXS31-164 technology.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Provided
that OST meets its ongoing obligation to make its Monthly Payments to Advaxis for six consecutive months, Advaxis agrees to transfer,
and OST agrees to take full ownership of, the IND application for ADXS31-164 in its entirety to OST, along with agreements and promises
contained therein, as well as all obligations associated with this IND or any HER2 product/program development. Until OST makes its Monthly
Payments to Advaxis for six consecutive months, Advaxis will continue to bear the costs of the regulatory filing services related to
the IND application for ADXS31-164.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Within
five business days of achieving the funding milestone of $<span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--FundingMilestonePayment_c20190902__20190904__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember__us-gaap--AwardDateAxis__custom--WithinFiveBusinessDaysMember_pp0p0" title="Funding milestone payment"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FundingMilestonePayment" contextRef="From2019-09-022019-09-04_custom_OSTherapiesMember_custom_WithinFiveBusinessDaysMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">2,337,500</ix:nonFraction></span> for the performance of the Children&#8217;s Oncology Group study
(knowns as the &#8220;License Commencement Date&#8221;), OST will make a non-refundable and non-creditable payment to Advaxis of $<span id="xdx_904_ecustom--NonrefundableAndNoncreditablePayment_c20190902__20190904__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember__us-gaap--AwardDateAxis__custom--WithinFiveBusinessDaysMember_pp0p0" title="Non-refundable and non-creditable payment"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:NonrefundableAndNoncreditablePayment" contextRef="From2019-09-022019-09-04_custom_OSTherapiesMember_custom_WithinFiveBusinessDaysMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">1,550,000</ix:nonFraction></span>
less the cumulative Monthly Payments previously made (the &#8220;License Commencement Payment&#8221;). Within five days following the
License Commencement Date, Advaxis will provide existing drug supply &#8220;as is&#8221; to OST, and until the drug supply is supplied
to OST, Advaxis will bear the storage costs for the drug product. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company is also to receive sales-based
milestone payments and royalties on future product sales. In addition, the Company and OST will establish a Joint Steering Committee
to oversee the R&amp;D activities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
promises to (1) Maintain the HER2 product until transfer to OST, (2) Provide the IND application ownership for ADX321-164 to OST, (3)
Participate in the Joint Steering Committee, (4) Transfer of IP &amp; licensing rights of ADXS31-164 and related Patents, and (5) Provide
Clinical Drug Supply represent one combined performance obligation for revenue recognition purposes. The Company concluded that the transfer
of the IP and licensing rights provides OST with a functional, or &#8220;right to use,&#8221; license, and thus the Company will recognize
the upfront fees of $<span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--NonrefundableAndNoncreditablePayment_c20190902__20190904__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember__us-gaap--AwardDateAxis__custom--CreditableMember_pp0p0" title="Non-refundable and non-creditable payment"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:NonrefundableAndNoncreditablePayment" contextRef="From2019-09-022019-09-04_custom_OSTherapiesMember_custom_CreditableMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">1,550,000</ix:nonFraction></span> from the license at a point in time. The revenue from the transfer of the license cannot be recognized
until the transfer of the corresponding IP to OST has occurred and OST has the ability to benefit from the right to use the license.
As the right to use the license begins when OST makes the upfront payment within five days of the License Commencement Date and the IP
transfers to OST at that time, the upfront fees from the license will be recognized upon the transfer of the intellectual property to
OST.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Since
OST is making $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pp0p0_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember_zKRbOWOwAPJ7"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">25,000</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">monthly payments that will be creditable against
the $<span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--FundingMilestonePayment_pp0p0_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember_z0wPyoCvfXfg"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FundingMilestonePayment" contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">1,550,000</ix:nonFraction></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">,
as well as additional upfront payments not specified in the contract, the Company will receive payments prior to the performance of the
single distinct performance obligation. Due to this, the Company will defer any of the monthly payments until the IP and licensing rights
are transferred to OST. However, if OST terminates the contract, which they are able to do with 60-day notice, the Company would recognize
any of the payments received when the contract terminates. As of October 31, 2020, OST had made payments totaling $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiability_iI_pp0p0_c20211031__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember_zifYaCAYAvUg"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_OSTherapiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">164,653</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">and this has been recorded as other liabilities
in the consolidated balance sheet.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
May 2020 to January 2021, the Company received an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--FundingMilestonePayment_pp0p0_c20200501__20210131__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember_z65ycUHN1UY1"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FundingMilestonePayment" contextRef="From2020-05-012021-01-31_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">1,615,000</ix:nonFraction></span> from OS Therapies upon achievement of the funding milestone
set forth in the license agreement, and recorded $<span id="xdx_902_ecustom--UpfrontPaymentConsiderationToBeIncludedInTransaction_pp0p0_c20200501__20210131__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember_zA8TmHi5nDkf" title="Upfront payment"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:UpfrontPaymentConsiderationToBeIncludedInTransaction" contextRef="From2020-05-012021-01-31_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">1,615,000</ix:nonFraction></span> in revenue. The Company therefore transferred and OST took full ownership
of the IND application for ADXS31-164 in its entirety along with agreements and promises contained therein, as well as all obligations
associated with this IND or any HER2 product/program development.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 114; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->23<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 26, 2021, the Company achieved the second milestone set forth in the license agreement for evaluation in the treatment of osteosarcoma
in humans and recorded $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pp0p0_c20210425__20210426__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember_zdMX80yw4gca"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-04-252021-04-26_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">1,375,000</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">in revenue. The Company received the amount due
from OS Therapies of $<span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--FundingForSecondMilestonePayment_pp0p0_c20210501__20210531__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember_zN2ylmgLuN9a" title="Funding for milestone payment"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FundingForSecondMilestonePayment" contextRef="From2021-05-012021-05-31_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">1,375,000</ix:nonFraction></span> in May 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Global
BioPharma Inc.</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 9, 2013, the Company entered into an exclusive licensing agreement for the development and commercialization of axalimogene
filolisbac with Global BioPharma, Inc. (GBP), a Taiwanese based biotech company funded by a group of investors led by Taiwan Biotech
Co., Ltd (TBC). During each of the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn4n6_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GlobalBioPharmaIncMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__us-gaap--LicenseAndServiceMember_zYRQzqeL4bXg" title="Revenue"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn4n6_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GlobalBioPharmaIncMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__us-gaap--LicenseAndServiceMember_zb7ITioCUlba" title="Revenue"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_GlobalBioPharmaIncMember_us-gaap_LicenseAndServiceMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-4" scale="6" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_GlobalBioPharmaIncMember_us-gaap_LicenseAndServiceMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-4" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.25</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> million in revenue for the annual
license fee renewal. Since Advaxis has no significant obligation to perform after the license transfer and has provided GBP with the
right to use its intellectual property, performance is satisfied when the license renews.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_zef59Vh9iWI" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>10.
<span id="xdx_82B_zJWK0Nq1TPYf">CONTINGENCIES</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Legal
Proceedings</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Atachbarian</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
November 15, 2021, a purported stockholder of the Company commenced an action against the Company and certain of its directors in the
U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey, entitled Atachbarian v. Advaxis, Inc., et al., No. 3:21-cv-20006. The plaintiff alleges
that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties and violated Section 14(a) and Rule 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
and Rule 14A-9 promulgated thereunder by allegedly failing to disclose certain matters in the Registration Statement. On December 15,
2021, pursuant to an understanding reached with the plaintiff, the Company filed a Form 8-K with the SEC in which it made certain other
additional disclosures that mooted the demands asserted in the complaint. On December 17, 2021, the plaintiff filed a notice of voluntary
dismissal with prejudice. On February 7, 2022, the Company reached a settlement agreement, which is recorded in general and administrative
expenses in the consolidated income statement.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Purported
Stockholder Claims Related to Biosight Transaction</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Between
September 16, 2021, and November 4, 2021, the Company received demand letters on behalf of six purported stockholders of the Company,
alleging that the Company failed to disclose certain matters in the Registration Statement, and demanding that the Company disclose such
information in a supplemental disclosure filed with the SEC. On October 14, 2021, the Company filed an Amendment to the Registration
Statement and on November 8, 2021, the Company filed a Form 8-K with the SEC in which it made certain other additional disclosures that
mooted the demands asserted in the above-referenced letters. The six plaintiffs have made a settlement demand. The Company believes
it has adequately accrued for a settlement, which is recorded in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated income statement.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, the Company received certain additional demands from stockholders asserting that the proxy materials filed by the Company in
connection with the Merger contained alleged material misstatements and/or omissions in violation of federal law. In response to these
demands, the Company agreed to make, and did make, certain supplemental disclosures to the proxy materials. At this time, the Company
is unable to predict the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stendhal</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 19, 2018, Stendhal filed a Demand for Arbitration before the International Centre for Dispute Resolution (Case No. 01-18-0003-5013)
relating to the Co-development and Commercialization Agreement with Especificos Stendhal SA de CV (the &#8220;Stendhal Agreement&#8221;).
In the demand, Stendhal alleged that (i) the Company breached the Stendhal Agreement when it made certain statements regarding its AIM2CERV
program, (ii) that Stendhal was subsequently entitled to terminate the Agreement for cause, which it did so at the time and (iii) that
the Company owes Stendhal damages pursuant to the terms of the Stendhal Agreement. Stendhal is seeking to recover $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--LossContingencyDamagesSoughtValue_pn6n6_c20190918__20190919__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EspecificosStendhalSAdeCVMember_z2eZ2R5VXC78" title="Damages sought value by plaintiff"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LossContingencyDamagesSoughtValue" contextRef="From2019-09-182019-09-19_custom_EspecificosStendhalSAdeCVMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></span> million paid to
the Company in 2017 as support payments for the AIM2CERV clinical trial along with approximately $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--LitigationSettlementExpense_pn5n6_c20190918__20190919__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EspecificosStendhalSAdeCVMember_z2yiOETcnXUf" title="Litigation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LitigationSettlementExpense" contextRef="From2019-09-182019-09-19_custom_EspecificosStendhalSAdeCVMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million in expenses incurred. Stendhal
is also seeking fees associated with the arbitration and interest. The Company has answered Stendhal&#8217;s Demand for Arbitration and
denied that it breached the Stendhal Agreement. The Company also alleges that Stendhal breached its obligations to the Company by, among
other things, failing to make support payments that became due in 2018 and that Stendhal therefore owes the Company $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--DueFromRelatedParties_iI_pn6n6_c20190919__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EspecificosStendhalSAdeCVMember_zrn3nWVPt1N7" title="Due from related party"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DueFromRelatedParties" contextRef="AsOf2019-09-19_custom_EspecificosStendhalSAdeCVMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></span> million. Advaxis
is also seeking fees associated with the arbitration and interest.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 115; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->24<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
October 21-23, 2019, an evidentiary hearing for the arbitration was conducted. On April 1, 2020, the Arbitrator issued a final award
denying Stendhal&#8217;s claim in full. The Arbitrator found that the Company had not repudiated the Agreement and did not owe Stendhal
damages, fees, or interest associated with the arbitration. The Arbitrator also denied the Company&#8217;s claim that Stendhal breached
its obligations to the Company. The parties were ordered to bear their own attorneys&#8217; fees and evenly split administrative fees
and expenses for the arbitration.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_zHqaVQdf3YY1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>11.
<span id="xdx_825_zPMzFQRNM86a">LEASES</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Operating
Leases</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company leased its corporate office and manufacturing facility in Princeton, New Jersey under an operating lease that was set to expire
in <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--LeaseExpirationDate1_dxL_c20201101__20211031_z8yLCSdAVLyf" title="Lease expiration date::XDX::11-30-2025"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1369">November 2025</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
The Company had the option to renew the lease term for two additional five-year terms. The renewal periods were not included the lease
term for purposes of determining the lease liability or right-of-use asset. The Company provided a security deposit of approximately
$<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--SecurityDeposit_iI_pp0p0_c20211031_z4HLgIYVnQtb"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SecurityDeposit" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">182,000</ix:nonFraction></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">,
which was recorded as other assets in the consolidated balance sheet as of October 31, 2020.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company identified and assessed the following significant assumptions in recognizing its right-of-use assets and corresponding lease
liabilities:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
    the Company does not have sufficient insight to determine an implicit rate, the Company estimated the incremental borrowing rate
    in calculating the present value of the lease payments. The Company utilized a synthetic credit rating model to determine a benchmark
    for its incremental borrowing rate for its leases. The benchmark rate was adjusted to arrive at an appropriate discount rate for
    the lease.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Since
    the Company elected to account for each lease component and its associated non-lease components as a single combined component, all
    contract consideration was allocated to the combined lease component.</span></td></tr>

<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Renewal
    option periods have not been included in the determination of the lease terms as they are not deemed reasonably certain of exercise.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Variable
    lease payments, such as common area maintenance, real estate taxes, and property insurance are not included in the determination
    of the lease&#8217;s right-of-use asset or lease liability.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 26, 2021, the Company entered into a Lease Termination and Surrender Agreement with respect to this lease agreement. The Lease
Termination and Surrender Agreement provides for the early termination of the lease, which became effective on March 31, 2021. In connection
with the early termination of the lease, the Company was required to pay a $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--GainLossOnTerminationOfLease_c20210301__20210326_zpNnwkawIfzh" title="Lease termination"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnTerminationOfLease" contextRef="From2021-03-012021-03-26" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">1,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> termination payment. The unapplied security deposit
totaling approximately $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--SecurityDeposit_iI_pp0p0_c20211031_ztmYFhVh5fOh"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SecurityDeposit" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">182,000</ix:nonFraction></span> was credited against the termination fee for a net payment of approximately $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--GainLossOnDispositionOfAssets1_c20210301__20210326_zp5ZszzWlXL2" title="Net payment for termination fee"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnDispositionOfAssets1" contextRef="From2021-03-012021-03-26" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">818,000</ix:nonFraction></span>. The Company wrote
off of the remaining right-of-use asset of approximately $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_iI_pn5n6_c20210326_zkXRZkPlXzbg" title="Operating lease, Right of use asset"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-26" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">4.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million and lease liability of approximately $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn5n6_c20210326_zBcszIJH5jHk"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-26" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">5.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million. After consideration
of the termination payment and write off of remaining right-of-use asset and lease liability, the Company recorded a net gain of approximately
$<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20210326_zrn3srAV9x74" title="Net gain on Leases"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-26" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 25, 2021, the Company entered into a new lease agreement for its corporate office/lab with base rent of approximately $<span id="xdx_906_ecustom--PaymentOfRent_iI_c20210326_zQZh7rdizFPk" title="Rent paid"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PaymentOfRent" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-26" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">29,000</ix:nonFraction></span> per
year, plus other expenses. The lease expires on <span id="xdx_903_ecustom--LesseeFinanceLeasesTermOfContract_dd_c20210301__20210325_z3ffMV8E739e" title="Lease Term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-03-012021-03-25" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="ADXS:LesseeFinanceLeasesTermOfContract">March 25, 2022</ix:nonNumeric></span> and the Company has the option to renew the lease for one additional successive
one-year term upon six months written notice to the landlord. This new lease was accounted for as a short-term lease at inception, and
the Company elected not to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability. In September 2021, the Company exercised its option to
renew the lease, extending the lease term until <span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--LesseeFinanceLeasesRenewalTerm_dd_c20210301__20210325_zmqYXUJF8L41" title="Renewal Term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-03-012021-03-25" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="ADXS:LesseeFinanceLeasesRenewalTerm">March 25, 2023</ix:nonNumeric></span>. Since the renewed lease term exceeds one-year, the lease no longer qualifies
for the short-term lease exception, resulting in the recognition of a right-of-use asset and operating lease liability of approximately
$<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_c20210325_zB5EmG48wqX8" title="Operating lease liability"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_iI_c20210325_z0ngI0VpkR1j" title="Operating lease, Right of use asset"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-25" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-25" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">43,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 116; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->25<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:ShceduleOfSupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToLeasesTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_897_ecustom--ShceduleOfSupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToLeasesTableTextBlock_zHd44QP4Jwil" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
balance sheet information related to leases as of October 31 was as follows (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BF_z7zsH8liknHa">SCHEDULE OF SUPPLEMENTAL BALANCE SHEET RELATED TO LEASES</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20211031_zvpjXfmg3WDd" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20201031_zj06kuMlAgj" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Operating leases:&#8239;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: justify">Operating lease right-of-use assets</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">40</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,839</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzSE5_z7OXZ88HhmN5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Operating lease liability</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">28</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">962</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzSE5_zONphUyhPKk6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Operating lease liability, net of current portion</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,055</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzSE5_zN9feZ47rZn" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Total operating lease liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">40</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,017</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A5_z45KFGUElXVf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zPe5APk5Uhh7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
lease expense related to leases was as follows (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BB_zvPbGHVwS2Wd">SCHEDULE OF LEASE EXPENSES</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Lease Cost (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Statements of Operations Classification</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20201101__20211031_zziV82UoaZWf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">For the Fiscal <br />Year Ended<br /> October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20191101__20201031_zm68hVlnPmj1" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">For the Fiscal <br />Year Ended<br /> October 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_maLCzh2P_z7qCZ2nHLF4c" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; width: 32%">Operating lease cost</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 32%; text-align: justify">General and administrative</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 13%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,302</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 13%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,158</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--ShortTermLeaseCost_maLCzh2P_zWqmlYfT98rd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Short-term lease cost</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">General and administrative</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">320</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--VariableLeaseCost_maLCzh2P_zFZB7L8o9mXg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Variable lease cost</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">General and administrative</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:VariableLeaseCost" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">180</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:VariableLeaseCost" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">547</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_iT_pn3n3_mtLCzh2P_zv1A6JwG01ra" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Total lease expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseCost" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,496</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseCost" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,025</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A2_zXKPIJNQ2L1h" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:ScheduleOfOtherInformationTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_890_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherInformationTableTextBlock_zsNfKHgIkpw8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
information related to leases where the Company is the lessee is as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B5_z4UfKv5Zpaba">SCHEDULE OF OTHER INFORMATION RELATED TO LEASES</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Weighted-average remaining lease term</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20211031_zuuwnMKf8aW9" title="Weighted-average remaining lease term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">1.4</ix:nonNumeric></span>
years</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20201031_zVj8iRrWdLci" title="Weighted-average remaining lease term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">5.1</ix:nonNumeric></span>
years</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: justify">Weighted-average discount rate</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_c20211031_zeIk6D8mIGc4" title="Weighted-average discount rate"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">3.79</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_c20201031_zaUfaWOQYzTb" title="Weighted-average discount rate"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">6.5</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A9_zY80ZcwCxcZ" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashFlowSupplementalDisclosuresTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashFlowSupplementalDisclosuresTableTextBlock_zIbR8linCPW7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B5_zUA7fa0JByP2">SCHEDULE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION RELATED TO LEASES</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20201101__20211031_z9km4B7Zlqr1" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">For the Fiscal <br />Year Ended<br /> October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20191101__20201031_zwrlAIo6CKhg" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">For the Fiscal <br />Year Ended<br /> October 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: justify">Cash paid for operating lease liabilities</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">547</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,233</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A8_zKaCHiXqdgS2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zNDViHCTOBFc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future
minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of October 31, 2021 were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_znLP6YF1c7ee">SCHEDULE OF FUTURE MINIMUM LEASE PAYMENTS UNDER NON-CANCELLABLE LEASES</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: justify">Fiscal Year ending October 31,</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20211031_zjickQWqcpI3" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzpLw_zYZjEJfwQAtl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 78%; text-align: justify">2022</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 18%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">29</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzpLw_zOq08GjXhnBf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">2023</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzpLw_ziRUHJHHCHkg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Total minimum lease payments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zJmm0qYUL0cd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Less: Imputed interest</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">40</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A4_zLqSUGRZMFW8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 117; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->26<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80A_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_z9jsTwlUHEU8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>12.
<span id="xdx_828_zM4LPDNs79xb">INCOME TAXES</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock_zUGZtxcmTil1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
income tax provision (benefit) consists of the following (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B4_zaAAqteiXB76">SCHEDULE OF INCOME TAX PROVISION (BENEFIT)</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20201101__20211031_zuyAmSgkeojd" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20191101__20201031_zmrvjGIbSZDc" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Federal</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_zE8J6ltokcY9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Current</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1451">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1452">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_zMLvDaCPS02d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 62%; text-align: justify">Deferred</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 15%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">141</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 15%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">4,578</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">State and Local</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_z9LzlRIMRii3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Current</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1457">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1458">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_zvY03mmrE6Fl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Deferred</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">131</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,445</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Foreign</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_zCgr202SD9vi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Current</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_zBQgqJmryWk6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify">Deferred</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1466">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1467">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Change in valuation allowance</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">272</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">6,023</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--IncomeTaxProvisionBenefitExcludingExciseTax_pn3n3_zK6C6mnvL009" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Income tax provision (benefit)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:IncomeTaxProvisionBenefitExcludingExciseTax" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:IncomeTaxProvisionBenefitExcludingExciseTax" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AD_z4nrdgk9j2vj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has U.S. federal net operating loss carryovers (&#8220;NOLs&#8221;) of approximately $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--OperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn5n6_c20211031_zktbF1KIfoo6" title="Net operating loss carry-forward"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLossCarryforwards" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">314.8</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--OperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn5n6_c20201031_zcYOEYO7elN1" title="Net operating loss carry-forward"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLossCarryforwards" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">299.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million at October
31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, available to offset taxable income. The Company has $<span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NetOperatingLossAndDeferredTaxAssetDoesNotIncludeNols_iI_pn5n6_c20211031_zoltEWcbRDv4" title="Net operating loss and deferred tax asset does not include nol&apos;s"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:NetOperatingLossAndDeferredTaxAssetDoesNotIncludeNols" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">56.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million of NOLs which do not expire, the remainder
of which are subject to expiration through <span id="xdx_903_ecustom--OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationYear_c20201101__20211031_ziC9NBo1xtK7" title="Operating loss expiration year"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" name="ADXS:OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationYear">2038</ix:nonNumeric></span>. The Company conducted an Internal Revenue Code Section 382 analysis through October
31, 2019. Based on that analysis, some NOLs incurred through October 31, 2019 are subject to limitation and will expire. Subsequent period
NOLs have not been studied for the Internal Revenue Code Section 382 limitation. The Company also has New Jersey State Net Operating
Loss carryovers of approximately $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsStateAndLocal_iI_pn5n6_c20211031_zptxUfZVuDWg" title="New jersey state net operating loss carryovers"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsStateAndLocal" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">153.7</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsStateAndLocal_iI_pn5n6_c20201031_zDTVU8Tnhva2" title="New jersey state net operating loss carryovers"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsStateAndLocal" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">137.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million as of October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, available to offset
future taxable income through 2041. Utilization of New Jersey NOLs may be similarly limited.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of
the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon future generation for
taxable income during the periods in which temporary differences representing net future deductible amounts become deductible. Management
considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this
assessment. After consideration of all the information available, management believes that significant uncertainty exists with respect
to future realization of the deferred tax assets and has therefore established a full valuation allowance.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company evaluated the provisions of ASC 740 related to the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise&#8217;s
financial statements. ASC 740 prescribes a comprehensive model for how a company should recognize, present, and disclose uncertain positions
that the company has taken or expects to take in its tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not
to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. Differences between tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return
and the net benefit recognized and measured pursuant to the interpretation are referred to as &#8220;unrecognized benefits.&#8221; A
liability is recognized (or amount of net operating loss carry forward or amount of tax refundable is reduced) for unrecognized tax benefit
because it represents an enterprise&#8217;s potential future obligation to the taxing authority for a tax position that was not recognized
as a result of applying the provisions of ASC 740.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
applicable, interest costs related to the unrecognized tax benefits are required to be calculated and would be classified as other expense
in the consolidated statement of operations. Penalties would be recognized as a component of general and administrative expenses
in the consolidated statement of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExaminationPenaltiesAndInterestExpense_pip0_do_c20191101__20201031_zKML9eXRzPO3" title="Interest or penalties on unpaid tax"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExaminationPenaltiesAndInterestExpense_pip0_do_c20201101__20211031_zteqtsCVyiKe" title="Interest or penalties on unpaid tax"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExaminationPenaltiesAndInterestExpense" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExaminationPenaltiesAndInterestExpense" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">No</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>
interest or penalties on unpaid tax were recorded during the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of October 31, 2021,
and 2020, no liability for unrecognized tax benefits was required to be reported. The Company does not expect any significant changes
in its unrecognized tax benefits in the next year.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company files tax returns in the U.S. federal and state jurisdictions and is subject to examination by tax authorities beginning with
the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 118; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->27<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_zzQnnXVKN1o1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s deferred tax assets (liabilities) consisted of the effects of temporary differences attributable to the following (in
thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_zvF5cDJNpYD7">SCHEDULE OF DEFERRED TAX ASSETS (LIABILITIES)</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_49A_20211031_z1QyTlGk1YBj" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_494_20201031_zS7ThUqRC1k5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Years Ended</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-decoration: underline; text-align: justify">Deferred Tax Assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzD62_z4POzwPE3RU7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 62%; text-align: justify">Net operating loss carryovers</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 15%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">32,971</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 15%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">28,553</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzD62_z1yrMLV9QI91" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Stock-based compensation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,566</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">10,132</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwardsResearch_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzD62_zvBodgDGrg7l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Research and development credits</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwardsResearch" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,371</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwardsResearch" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">10,742</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--CapitalizedResearchAndDevelopmentCosts_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzD62_zTLlaQQDIQm3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Capitalized R&amp;D costs</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CapitalizedResearchAndDevelopmentCosts" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14,536</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CapitalizedResearchAndDevelopmentCosts" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13,822</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--DeferredTaxAssetsDeferredIncomeAdoptionOfASC842LeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzD62_zcWUCvxD61Rf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Adoption of ASC 842 &#8211; Lease Liability</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:DeferredTaxAssetsDeferredIncomeAdoptionOfASC842LeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:DeferredTaxAssetsDeferredIncomeAdoptionOfASC842LeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,691</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOther_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzD62_z5118gopIytd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Other deferred tax assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOther" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">92</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOther" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">224</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtDTAGzD62_maDTANzJWs_z6xLqnblrxqi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total deferred tax assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">63,547</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGross" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">65,164</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTANzJWs_zP2xWsec8yo8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Valuation allowance</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">62,573</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">62,845</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtDTANzJWs_maDTALNznfk_zOwMW9s3uRG7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Deferred tax asset, net of valuation allowance</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">974</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,319</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-decoration: underline; text-align: justify">Deferred Tax Liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsAdoptionOfASC842RightOfUseAsset_iNI_pn3n3_di_maDITLzTRN_zEUefzESRCul" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Adoption of ASC 842 &#8211; ROU Asset</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsAdoptionOfASC842RightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsAdoptionOfASC842RightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,360</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets_iNI_pn3n3_di_maDITLzTRN_zOotW2sYF5o5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Patent cost</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">943</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">917</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesOther_iNI_pn3n3_di_maDITLzTRN_zrDDks3NI3U1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Other deferred tax liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesOther" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">20</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesOther" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">42</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities_iNTI_pn3n3_di_mtDITLzTRN_msDTALNznfk_zyPEDVNef58l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total deferred tax liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">974</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,319</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtDTALNznfk_zIl0tXh1QUA4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Net deferred tax asset (liability)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1532">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1533">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AD_zOUXShyMedcg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock_zSTSMrNo7Oxb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
expected tax (expense) benefit based on the statutory rate is reconciled with actual tax expense benefit as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_zGvb5TBV0KJ3">SCHEDULE OF EXPECTED TAX (EXPENSE) BENEFIT BASED ON STATUTORY RATE WITH ACTUAL TAX EXPENSE BENEFIT</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_498_20201101__20211031_zZJy82nBSTE5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_49C_20191101__20201031_zbcH5cEe5zSd" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Years Ended</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_pid_dp_z9dKjQfvc5Wg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 62%; text-align: justify">US Federal statutory rate</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 15%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">21.00</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 15%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">21.00</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes_pid_dp_znRjAluuqsI8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">State income tax, net of federal benefit</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" sign="-" unitRef="Pure">0.73</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">5.48</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationMergerCosts_pid_dp_zIsXXmici5D" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Merger costs</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationMergerCosts" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" sign="-" unitRef="Pure">1.68</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationMergerCosts" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">0.00</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential_pid_dp_zkNKf9GHjrj8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Other permanent differences</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" sign="-" unitRef="Pure">0.02</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" sign="-" unitRef="Pure">0.05</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseResearchAndDevelopment_pid_dp_zGTTJPEj42F9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Research and development credits</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseResearchAndDevelopment" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">3.09</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseResearchAndDevelopment" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">1.73</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationWarrantLiabilityPercentage_pid_dp_z01xXjt5MI6d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Warrant Liability</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationWarrantLiabilityPercentage" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">1.14</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationWarrantLiabilityPercentage" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">0.00</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCreditsForeign_pid_dp_zIJogQrjIxY4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Foreign taxes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCreditsForeign" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" sign="-" unitRef="Pure">0.28</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCreditsForeign" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" sign="-" unitRef="Pure">0.19</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_pid_dp_zMXZxI59R5F3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Change in valuation allowance</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">1.52</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" sign="-" unitRef="Pure">22.82</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStockOptionExpirations_pid_dp_zHAThWMizdGe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Stock option expirations</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStockOptionExpirations" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" sign="-" unitRef="Pure">24.32</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStockOptionExpirations" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" sign="-" unitRef="Pure">5.33</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations_pid_dp_zRPVVnzGSIGf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Income tax (provision) benefit</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" sign="-" unitRef="Pure">0.28</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" sign="-" unitRef="Pure">0.19</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AD_z2w3aClfghf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
&#8220;Foreign taxes&#8221; income tax expense in the consolidated statement of operations for both the years ended October 31,
2021 and 2020 pertain to <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExaminationDescription_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis__custom--GPPRevenueMember_zT25AMaMYYTb"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_GPPRevenueMember" name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExaminationDescription">a
Taiwan Excise tax of $50,000 levied in connection with the GBP Revenue.</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock"><p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_z7V9Zfi2yOBh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>13.
<span id="xdx_82E_z0v5pcndib57">FAIR VALUE</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
authoritative guidance for fair value measurements defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid
to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or the most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants on the measurement date. Market participants are buyers and sellers in the principal market that are (i)
independent, (ii) knowledgeable, (iii) able to transact, and (iv) willing to transact. The guidance describes a fair value hierarchy
based on the levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure
fair value which are the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;
Level 1 &#8212; Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;
Level 2&#8212; Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets
or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or corroborated by observable market
data or substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;
Level 3 &#8212; Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the value of the assets
or liabilities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 119; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->28<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_zYntd4OHTSr5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides the assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of October 31, 2021 and October
31, 2020:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B7_zDcne0bkcFzj">SCHEDULE OF FAIR VALUE, ASSETS AND LIABILITIES MEASURED ON RECURRING BASIS</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20211031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member_zyNueGCPD58i" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 1</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20211031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_z2gSTJwZ8xJ7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 2</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20211031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member_zVC2M5fu2Cw7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 3</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20211031_zWwUq1oRXKr" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Total</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_hus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis__us-gaap--MoneyMarketFundsMember_zLBEKY1d9j28" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Cash equivalents (money market funds)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,153</ix:nonFraction></p></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1573">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1574">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,153</ix:nonFraction></p></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--CommonStockWarrantLiability_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember_zGnnET6ZZ2ag" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 44%; text-align: justify">Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pp2d_c20211031_zXl7qXn2YjMa" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="2" unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</ix:nonFraction></span> through September 2024</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1577">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1578">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right">-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--CommonStockWarrantLiability_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_z5ue5fjLOQOh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pp2d_c20211031__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zMPloVgWhsQc" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="2" unitRef="USDPShares">0.70</ix:nonFraction></span> through 5 years after the date such warrants become exercisable, if ever (Private Placement Warrants)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1584">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1585">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,902</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,902</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_ecustom--FairValueNetAssetsLiability_iI_pn3n3_z5S1d3Xuc9k9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Total</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueNetAssetsLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,153</ix:nonFraction></p></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1592">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueNetAssetsLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,929</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueNetAssetsLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">22,082</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2020</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20201031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member_zrz0nX37KfSc" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20201031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_z0qvNGDfsfAe" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20201031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member_zZEikV0IFKG9" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20201031_zHqAv9RsXXhg" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_hus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis__us-gaap--MoneyMarketFundsMember_z1ftv8RTaE9a" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Cash equivalents (money market funds)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,149</ix:nonFraction></p></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1597">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1598">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,149</ix:nonFraction></p></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--CommonStockWarrantLiability_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember_zl1tTZJfbY9j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 44%; text-align: justify">Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pp3d_c20201031_zIz5OC9tLf13" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="3" unitRef="USDPShares">0.372</ix:nonFraction></span> through September 2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1601">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 10%; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1602">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 10%; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--FairValueNetAssetsLiability_iI_pn3n3_zLhHje7zbsL8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueNetAssetsLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,149</ix:nonFraction></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueNetAssetsLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueNetAssetsLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,166</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A5_zhKtJriQwwX5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:ScheduleOfChangesInFairValueOfWarrantLiabilitiesTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_893_ecustom--ScheduleOfChangesInFairValueOfWarrantLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_zZigLm94VVUd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table sets forth a summary of the changes in the fair value of the Company&#8217;s warrant liabilities:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B8_ztthQ9ahFAz2">SCHEDULE OF CHANGES IN FAIR VALUE OF WARRANT LIABILITIES</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_499_20201101__20211031_zov58lsTWII3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_492_20191101__20201031_zjs67zyNXkSe" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Year Ended October 31,</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_ecustom--CommonStockWarrantLiability_iS_zCarlZamZ5p" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: justify">Beginning balance</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 8%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">19</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--SharesIssuedInSettlementOfWarrants_zFnkYiG5KWOb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Warrants issued</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:SharesIssuedInSettlementOfWarrants" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,882</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1619">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--ProceedsFromWarrantExercises1_iN_di_zHzk0ZYh7L04" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Warrant exercises</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1621">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ProceedsFromWarrantExercises1" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_zIpkBHe0Rtec" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Change in fair value</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">970</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1625">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--CommonStockWarrantLiability_iE_zdCEEmFbS8k1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Ending balance</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,929</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A5_zvre1gpMeEV2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CompensationAndEmployeeBenefitPlansTextBlock"><p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--CompensationAndEmployeeBenefitPlansTextBlock_z3I5Ti27VnXh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>14.
<span id="xdx_829_zAEbjfvRRZFd">EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company sponsors a 401(k) Plan. Employees become eligible for participation upon the start of employment. Participants may elect to have
a portion of their salary deferred and contributed to the 401(k) Plan up to the limit allowed under the Internal Revenue Code. The Company
makes a matching contribution to the plan for each participant who has elected to make tax-deferred contributions for the plan year.
The Company made matching contributions which amounted to approximately $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--DefinedContributionPlanMaximumAnnualContributionsPerEmployeeAmount_pn5n6_c20191101__20201031__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--FourhundredOnekPlanMember_zrZB02DKBfY9"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedContributionPlanMaximumAnnualContributionsPerEmployeeAmount" contextRef="From2019-11-012020-10-31_custom_FourhundredOnekPlanMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.1</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million for each of the years ended October 31,
2021 and 2020, respectively. These amounts were charged to the consolidated statement of operations. The employer contributions
vest immediately.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:SubsequentEventsTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80A_eus-gaap--SubsequentEventsTextBlock_zDImztB0RLN8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>15.
<span id="xdx_82C_zBhfljuFNDA2">SUBSEQUENT EVENTS</span></b>&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 31, 2022, the Company closed on an offering with certain institutional investors for the private placement of <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_c20220101__20220131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--InstitutionalInvestorsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zHlFQAF61mYb" title="Shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_InstitutionalInvestorsMember_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares
of Series D convertible redeemable preferred stock. The shares to be sold have an aggregate stated value of $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_c20220110__20220131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--InstitutionalInvestorsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zP0XzlsJfRc3" title="Stated value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2022-01-102022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_InstitutionalInvestorsMember_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">5,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span>. Each share of
the Series D preferred stock has a purchase price of $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--SharesIssuedPricePerShare_iI_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--InstitutionalInvestorsMember__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zT3awUiUrW38" title="Share purchase price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_InstitutionalInvestorsMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">4.75</ix:nonFraction></span>, representing an original issue discount of <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--PreferredStockDiscountRatePercentage_pid_dp_c20220101__20220131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--InstitutionalInvestorsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zRHVZeHFIAE5" title="Issue discount"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PreferredStockDiscountRatePercentage" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_InstitutionalInvestorsMember_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">5</ix:nonFraction>%</span> of the stated value. The shares
of Series D preferred stock are convertible into shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock, upon the occurrence of certain events, at
a conversion price of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PreferredStockConvertibleConversionPrice_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zhIZk51WZdhf" title="Preferred stock conversion price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockConvertibleConversionPrice" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.25</ix:nonFraction></span> per share. The conversion, at the option of the stockholder, may occur at any time following the receipt
of the stockholders&#8217; approval for a reverse stock split. The Company will be permitted to compel conversion of the Series D preferred
stock after the fulfillment of certain conditions and subject to certain limitations. <span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--LiquidationPreferenceDescription_c20220101__20220131__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zR7Z5gUA0dx3" title="Liquidation preference"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-01-012022-01-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" name="ADXS:LiquidationPreferenceDescription">The Series D preferred stock will also have a liquidation
preference over the common stock, and may be redeemed by the investors, in accordance with certain terms, for a redemption price equal
to 105% of the stated value, or in certain circumstances, 110% of the stated value</ix:nonNumeric></span>. The Company and the holders of the Series D preferred
stock will also enter into a registration rights agreement to register the resale of the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion
of the Series D preferred stock. Total gross proceeds from the offering, before deducting the financial advisor&#8217;s fees and other estimated
offering expenses, are $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceOfPrivatePlacement_pn4n6_c20220110__20220131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zPbeuVEsMHtj" title="Gross proceeds from offering"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfPrivatePlacement" contextRef="From2022-01-102022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-4" scale="6" unitRef="USD">4.75</ix:nonFraction></span> million.</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_81C_z4tV2nIEIzL6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 120; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->29<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="Na_003"></span>ADVAXIS,
INC.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="ajk_001"></span>CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(In
thousands, except share and per share data)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_30D_111_pn3n3_zeNrZi2aFCej" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20220131_z2faMaADScj5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">January 31, 2022</p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20211031_z3tOslfGmeFk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">(Unaudited)</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AssetsAbstract_iB_z0GBkCjBfLM8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">ASSETS</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrentAbstract_i01B_zizRDiDDdtA" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Current assets:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_i02I_maCzjVv_z8OSjcX8ZJSc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: justify; padding-left: 10pt">Cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">36,480</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41,614</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--RestrictedCash_i02I_maCzjVv_zSYLE9n446Bb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 10pt">Restricted cash</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCash" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,250</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1659">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_i02I_maCzjVv_zCqjBTxr0Sp1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,386</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,643</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrent_i02TI_mtCzjVv_maCzL32_z6jpwR6mwCGb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 20pt">Total current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">43,116</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">43,257</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_i01I_maCzL32_zyHKPb7DdEkb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 10pt">Property and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">100</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">118</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_i01I_maCzL32_z5KZvQLyh1r" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 10pt">Intangible assets (net of accumulated amortization)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,238</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,354</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_i01I_maCzL32_zpPcAu9THuj7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 10pt">Operating right-of-use asset (net of accumulated amortization)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">40</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsNoncurrent_i01I_maCzL32_zJakkrfIYLDh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Other assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--Assets_i01TI_mtCzL32_zEALghkUfHq7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Assets" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">46,498</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Assets" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">46,780</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_iB_zYF6AuGOjync" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS&#8217; EQUITY</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_i01B_z6HTduSwau35" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Current liabilities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_i02I_maCzrVn_zCop4bMn6Dfj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 10pt">Accounts payable</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">345</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">87</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_i02I_maCzrVn_z3fHiCQ3RyXl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 10pt">Accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,131</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,836</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_i02I_maCzrVn_zIiMpDCj4na4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 10pt">Current portion of operating lease liability</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">29</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">28</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--PreferredStockRedemptionLiability_i02I_maCzrVn_zUnFYvRbmNgh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 10pt">Preferred stock redemption liability</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PreferredStockRedemptionLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">87</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1698">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--CommonStockWarrantLiability_i02I_maCzrVn_z2QoOdnfZmSl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Common stock warrant liability</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,127</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,929</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrent_i02TI_mtCzrVn_maCzbj5_z5cCg3xkFCH3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 20pt">Total current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,719</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,880</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_i01I_maCzbj5_zuC5zFLGRIhb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Operating lease liability, net of current portion</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--Liabilities_i01TI_mtCzbj5_maLASEzc5v_zJ6f6SBVNLG1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total liabilities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Liabilities" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,724</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Liabilities" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,892</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingencies_i01I_pn3n3_maLASEzc5v_zWG3whB5YRca" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Contingencies &#8211; Note 10</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1712">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1713">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent_i01I_maLASEzc5v_zxcGYcglOBdd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Series D convertible preferred stock- $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesDConvertibleRedeemablePreferredStockMember_zf3i1N5gayld"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesDConvertibleRedeemablePreferredStockMember_zbjSFMvwaNca"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_SeriesDConvertibleRedeemablePreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_SeriesDConvertibleRedeemablePreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.001</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span>
    </span>par value; <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesDConvertibleRedeemablePreferredStockMember_z2pnNP5Wpe4"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesDConvertibleRedeemablePreferredStockMember_zH3XwKJE5CMa"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_SeriesDConvertibleRedeemablePreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_SeriesDConvertibleRedeemablePreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,000,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span>
    </span>shares authorized, issued and outstanding at January 31, 2022; Liquidation preference of $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PreferredStockLiquidationPreferenceValue_iI_pn3n3_c20220131_zy0EfZLgsVvg"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockLiquidationPreferenceValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,250</ix:nonFraction>
    </span> at January 31, 2022.</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,225</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1716">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityAbstract_i01B_zQkWxG3ibiK8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Stockholders&#8217; equity:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PreferredStockValue_i02I_maSEzRO9_zE3CWjDCfUv1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Preferred stock, $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20220131_zzeZgHTFXN3b"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20211031_zR0c7Tmq0gLh"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.001</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span>
    </span>par value; <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pid_c20220131_zXE9cb2TMYnl"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">4,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> and <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pid_c20211031_zXFFr9YtSou1"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">5,000,000</ix:nonFraction>
    </span>shares authorized, <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pid_c20220131_zkNUTonsC3Gf"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesIssued_iI_pid_c20220131_zXhArBaaJLDd"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pid_c20211031_z3cS5JZO9T65"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesIssued_iI_pid_c20211031_zWSZqeTymun5"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">0</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></span>
    </span>shares issued and outstanding at January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021.</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1726">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1727">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--CommonStockValue_i02I_maSEzRO9_zKPqSCSqJWkc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Common stock - $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20211031_zATEe9kf0efi" title="Common stock, par value"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20220131_zGpr7RpbJjq4" title="Common stock, par value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.001</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> par value; <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pid_c20211031_zEDlpd5cSYWj" title="Common stock, shares authorized"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pid_c20220131_zeCDTSQTa5Ce" title="Common stock, shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">170,000,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares authorized, <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesIssued_iI_pid_c20211031_z4vUylxsPtoc" title="Common stock, shares issued"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pid_c20211031_zrCultzJe527" title="Common stock, shares outstanding"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesIssued_iI_pid_c20220131_zOrUvPrB72Yh" title="Common stock, shares issued"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pid_c20220131_zrsX7mjQ3g56" title="Common stock, shares outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">145,638,459</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></span></span> shares issued and outstanding at January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021.</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">146</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">146</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AdditionalPaidInCapital_i02I_maSEzRO9_zNayp9GAFoH8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 10pt">Additional paid-in capital</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">467,368</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">467,342</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_i02I_maSEzRO9_zHrAg8S78exj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Accumulated deficit</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">428,965</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">428,600</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_i02TI_mtSEzRO9_maLASEzc5v_zkp8j0YdafEk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total stockholders&#8217; equity</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38,549</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38,888</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_i01TI_mtLASEzc5v_zu3H06uLnD1h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total liabilities and stockholders&#8217; equity</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">46,498</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">46,780</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 121; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->30<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="Na_004"></span>ADVAXIS,
INC.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(In
thousands, except share and per share data)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_308_113_pn3n3_z4rVKhLrtCR8" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Statements of Operations" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20211101__20220131_zubCUqRdjjKl" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20201101__20210131_z8hKwn6DYAN1" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Three Months Ended <br /> January 31,</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_maCzwRB_zPsu8qIQjcJf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%">Revenue</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1768">-</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,615</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OperatingExpensesAbstract_iB_zny9Hw2XNGok" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Operating expenses:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_i01_maCzMeS_zDk7mlFWYRgk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Research and development expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,654</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,570</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_i01_maCzMeS_zxKMTkkFyqFe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">General and administrative expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,510</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,008</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OperatingExpenses_i01T_mtCzMeS_msCzwRB_z6xuC2puoyd6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20pt">Total operating expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingExpenses" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,164</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingExpenses" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,578</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_iT_mtCzwRB_maILFCOz7DE_zoJKqpng74K7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Loss from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">4,164</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,963</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract_iB_z1wCeNGAz3xi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other income (expense):</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--InterestIncomeOther_i01_maILFCOz7DE_zfaqF98ROgc8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Interest income, net</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InterestIncomeOther" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InterestIncomeOther" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DerivativeGainLossOnDerivativeNet_i01_maILFCOz7DE_zagNcFVIPR94" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Net changes in fair value of derivative liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeGainLossOnDerivativeNet" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,802</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeGainLossOnDerivativeNet" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">27</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense_i01_maILFCOz7DE_zTOCExt9TUBf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Other (expense) income</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">4</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_iT_maCzLSO_mtILFCOz7DE_zoFwf49bMvAd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net loss before income taxes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">365</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,977</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_msCzLSO_zcYwItzZXLr8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Income tax expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1801">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1802">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_iT_mtCzLSO_zWJjqtYFCJ3l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net loss</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">365</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,977</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareBasic_pid_zcVA7bi5mAwj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net loss per common share, basic and diluted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" sign="-" unitRef="USDPShares">0.00</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" sign="-" unitRef="USDPShares">0.05</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pid_zwR8BmsiPRl6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Weighted average number of common shares, basic and diluted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">145,638,459</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">83,943,982</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 122; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->31<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="Na_005"></span>ADVAXIS,
INC.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(In
thousands)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_303_112_pn3n3_zKqWMBoTFlz8" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20211101__20220131_ztsfsjKAAyZ8" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20201101__20210131_zoKcvtUiEvX3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Three Months Ended <br /> January 31,</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_iB_z2S6CUdXylOh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">OPERATING ACTIVITIES</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_i01_maCzlbH_z0bcNzSfyFJ6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left">Net loss</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">365</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,977</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_i01B_zu9VN3zHYP54" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_i02_maCzlbH_zTLcNw4plwN2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Share based compensation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">26</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">236</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DerivativeGainLossOnDerivativeNet_i02N_di_msCzlbH_zxjDvO4COBze" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">(Gain) loss on change in value of warrants</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeGainLossOnDerivativeNet" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,802</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeGainLossOnDerivativeNet" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">27</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment_i02N_di_msCzlbH_z4ggHmriqhN" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Loss on disposal of property and equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1828">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">12</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill_i02_maCzlbH_zDl3uUKkGfFh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Abandonment of intangible assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">104</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1832">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--Depreciation_i02_maCzlbH_zTiH0r7Ox6la" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Depreciation expense</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">18</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">192</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_i02_maCzlbH_zp73HZSYeAW6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Amortization expense of intangible assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">70</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">67</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense_i02_maCzlbH_zHBfpyHVEiwi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Amortization of right-of-use asset</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">195</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_i02B_ziLQKBVq2EJk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-decoration: underline; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Change in operating assets and liabilities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_i03N_di_msCzlbH_zYkipsmJNt24" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20pt">Prepaid expenses, other current assets and deferred expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">257</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">463</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_i03_maCzlbH_zTeVVE7FtjHj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20pt">Accounts payable and accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">447</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">394</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_i03_maCzlbH_zQzcOALQyOck" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20pt">Deferred revenue</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1852">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">165</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_i03_maCzlbH_zQQBIFUSqUDk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20pt">Operating lease liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">6</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">230</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_i01T_mtCzlbH_maCzt3U_zSxosZkr18Ud" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net cash used in operating activities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">4,138</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,786</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_iB_zly2m53qM2hc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">INVESTING ACTIVITIES</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_i01N_di_msCzRjl_z2bJHon8zP5g" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cost of intangible assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">58</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">210</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_i01T_mtCzRjl_maCzt3U_zQ7MgLmi5PIg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net cash used in investing activities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">58</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">210</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_iB_zRbG47fRceef" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">FINANCING ACTIVITIES</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceOfPreferredStockAndPreferenceStock_i01_maCz3QI_zYpVdrO7mcPc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net proceeds of issuance of Series D preferred stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfPreferredStockAndPreferenceStock" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,312</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1874">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock_i01_maCz3QI_zdSoXmlUlS5h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net proceeds of issuance of common stock and warrants</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1876">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,550</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromWarrantExercises_i01_maCz3QI_zJN5oKgGkKF" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Warrant exercises</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1879">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromWarrantExercises" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,586</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_i01T_mtCz3QI_maCzt3U_zpUlj0CnXEUb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net cash provided by financing activities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,312</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,136</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_iT_pn3n3_mtCzt3U_zkZ7SdknOb09" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">116</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,140</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_iS_pn3n3_zRWfxUDXKOW4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41,614</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">25,178</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of year</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41,730</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33,318</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperationsAbstract_iB_zqX4WcIMOCAf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the condensed statements of cash flows:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_i01E_pn3n3_z5yqVcPhkuHi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash and cash equivalents</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">36,480</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33,318</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCash_i01E_maCzjVv_zNKOfPn3qMqk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Restricted cash</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCash" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,250</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1901">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_iE_pn3n3_zH8lTEqggOEl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in condensed statements of cash flows</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41,730</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33,318</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_iB_z4kvqzd0PD62" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxesPaidNet_i01_zGgae79Kl68l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Cash paid for taxes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1909">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1910">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 123; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->32<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="Na_006"></span>ADVAXIS,
INC.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p>

<p id="xdx_042_c20211101__20220131_zrADAiGIPvth" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock_zrWLJwjCnh97" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>1.
<span id="xdx_829_zUCXJ5PjADck">NATURE OF OPERATIONS</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none"></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis,
Inc. (&#8220;Advaxis&#8221; or the &#8220;Company&#8221;) is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization
of proprietary <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> (&#8220;<i>Lm</i>&#8221;)-based antigen delivery products. The Company is using its <i>Lm
</i>platform directed against tumor-specific targets in order to engage the patient&#8217;s immune system to destroy tumor cells. Through
a license from the University of Pennsylvania, Advaxis has exclusive access to this proprietary formulation of attenuated <i>Lm</i> called
<i>Lm</i> Technology<sup>TM</sup>. Advaxis&#8217; proprietary approach is designed to deploy a unique mechanism of action that redirects
the immune system to attack cancer in three distinct ways:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.75in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Alerting and training the
    immune system by activating multiple pathways in Antigen-Presenting Cells (&#8220;APCs&#8221;) with the equivalent of multiple adjuvants;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Attacking the tumor by
    generating a strong, cancer-specific T cell response; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Breaking down tumor protection
    through suppression of the protective cells in the tumor microenvironment (&#8220;TME&#8221;) that shields the tumor from the immune
    system. This enables the activated T cells to begin working to attack the tumor cells.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis&#8217;
proprietary <i>Lm</i> platform technology has demonstrated clinical activity in several of its programs and has been dosed in over 470
patients across multiple clinical trials and in various tumor types. The Company believes that <i>Lm</i> Technology immunotherapies can
complement and address significant unmet needs in the current oncology treatment landscape. Specifically, its product candidates have
the potential to work synergistically with other immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, while having a generally well-tolerated
safety profile.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Liquidity
and Capital Resources</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Liquidity
and Management&#8217;s Plans</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Similar
to other development stage biotechnology companies, the Company&#8217;s products that are being developed have not generated significant
revenue. As a result, the Company has suffered recurring losses and requires significant cash resources to execute its business plans.
These losses are expected to continue for the foreseeable future.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of January 31, 2022, the Company had approximately $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220131_zm8h4EiuGup1" title="Cash and cash equivalents, at carrying value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">36.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million in cash and cash equivalents. Although the Company expects to have sufficient
capital to fund its obligations, as they become due, in the ordinary course of business until at least one year from the issuance of
these consolidated financial statements, the actual amount of cash that it will need to operate is subject to many factors.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes it will need to raise additional capital in order to continue to execute its business plan in the future. There is
no assurance that additional financing will be available when needed or that management will be able to obtain financing on terms acceptable
to the Company or whether the Company will become profitable and generate positive operating cash flow. If the Company is unable to raise
sufficient additional funds, it will have to further scale back its operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_z7fXqV3mEiWb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2.
<span id="xdx_82C_zOG8BfKvb3pj">SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_847_eus-gaap--BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zSQ0WYRxI812" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span id="xdx_867_zWkFpzYJd4m2">Basis
of Presentation/Estimates</span></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America (&#8220;U.S. GAAP&#8221;) for interim financial information, and in accordance
with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (&#8220;SEC&#8221;) with respect to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01
of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial
statements and the accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 2022 has been derived from the
Company&#8217;s October 31, 2021 audited financial statements. In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated
financial statements furnished include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary for a fair statement of the
results for the interim periods presented.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 124; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->33<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. The preparation of financial
statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets,
liabilities, revenues, expenses, and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements and during the reporting period.
Significant estimates include the timelines associated with revenue recognition on upfront payments received, fair value and recoverability
of the carrying value of property and equipment and intangible assets, fair value of warrant liability, grant date fair value of options,
deferred tax assets and any related valuation allowance and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis,
the Company evaluates its estimates, based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable
under the circumstances. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements of the Company
as of and for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 and notes thereto contained in the Company&#8217;s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K,
as filed with the SEC on February 14, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_zJ7AQZ43jxTf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span id="xdx_861_z9Fz7IxZYb74">Principles
of Consolidation</span></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany accounts
and transactions have been eliminated.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsPolicy"><p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsPolicy_z63MIAGZM1Kh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span id="xdx_86D_zOTE0TZGRdD1">Restricted
Cash</span></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 31, 2022, the Company transferred $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCash_iI_pn3n3_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesDPreferredStockRedemptionMember_zfPvbKAKHfzg" title="Restricted cash"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCash" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_SeriesDPreferredStockRedemptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,250</ix:nonFraction></span>,000 into an escrow fund to fund a potential Series D preferred stock redemption.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:ConvertablePreferredStockPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84A_ecustom--ConvertablePreferredStockPolicyTextBlock_znmbgSgB3CN" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span id="xdx_865_z391TVFrYJgl">Convertible
Preferred Stock</span></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Preferred
shares subject to mandatory redemption are classified as liability instruments and are measured at fair value. The Company classifies
conditionally redeemable preferred shares, which includes preferred shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the
control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company&#8217;s control,
as temporary equity (&#8220;mezzanine&#8221;) until such time as the conditions are removed or lapse.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:DerivativesReportingOfDerivativeActivity"><p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--DerivativesReportingOfDerivativeActivity_zKwOl5IU2Q52" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span id="xdx_860_zw6p2AnICXKb">Derivative
Financial Instruments</span></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market or foreign currency risks. The Company evaluates
all of its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives.
For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair
value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. For share-based
derivative financial instruments, the Company used the Monte Carlo simulation model, the Black Scholes model and a binomial model
to value the derivative instruments at inception and on subsequent valuation dates. The classification of derivative instruments, including
whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative
liabilities are classified in the consolidated balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of
the instrument could be required within 12 months after the balance sheet date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 125; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->34<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_847_eus-gaap--EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock_zoBC6qc33L8f" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span id="xdx_86A_zu6VrHJeTH9e">Net
Income (Loss) per Share</span></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Basic
net income or loss per common share is computed by dividing net income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share give effect to dilutive options, warrants, restricted
stock units and other potential common stock outstanding during the period. In the case of a net loss, the impact of the potential common
stock resulting from warrants, outstanding stock options and convertible debt are not included in the computation of diluted loss per
share, as the effect would be anti-dilutive. In the case of net income, the impact of the potential common stock resulting from these
instruments that have intrinsic value are included in the diluted earnings per share. The table below sets forth the number of potential
shares of common stock that have been excluded from diluted net loss per share:</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock"><p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_zwQduRSOinga" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B4_zDgVR58YTxC3" style="display: none">SCHEDULE
OF ANTI -DILUTED SECURITIES EXCLUDED FROM DILUTED NET LOSS PER SHARE</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">As of January 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%">Warrants</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zh2sNm9a0K9h" title="Total" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">30,225,397</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zk6H4g0Bv5v4" title="Total" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">8,014,220</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Series D convertible redeemable preferred stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--SeriesDConvertableRedeemablePreferredStockMember_zHXLsg5XqDKi" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_SeriesDConvertableRedeemablePreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">20,000,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--SeriesDConvertableRedeemablePreferredStockMember_zCr1aG5uUPu" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1940">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stock options</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--StockOptionsMember_zaH47zNHreAc" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_StockOptionsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">888,058</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--StockOptionsMember_zYoIZEwhpLI2" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_custom_StockOptionsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,047,377</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Restricted stock units</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--RestrictedStockUnitsMember_zOMpXBOfDp8" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1946">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--RestrictedStockUnitsMember_zly2hU3qU1Qk" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_custom_RestrictedStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">5,556</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20211101__20220131_zSgXIZirSci7" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">51,113,455</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pid_c20201101__20210131_zM8xAyO51RI2" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">9,067,153</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A8_zjdokjYa6Uv7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_z3YzU8GwobPb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span id="xdx_86F_zLVAUpvuERD3">Recent
Accounting Standards</span></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Simplification of Income Taxes (Topic 740) Income Taxes (&#8220;ASU 2019-12&#8221;). ASU
2019-12 simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The amendments
also improve consistent application of and simplify U.S. GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance.
ASU 2019-12 is effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within
those fiscal years. The Company adopted this standard effective November 1, 2021 and it is not material to the financial results of the
Company.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity&#8217;s Own Equity, which
simplifies the accounting for certain convertible instruments, amends guidance on derivative scope exceptions for contracts in an entity&#8217;s
own equity, and modifies the guidance on diluted earnings per share (&#8220;EPS&#8221;) calculations as a result of these changes. The
standard will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and can be applied on either a fully retrospective
or modified retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company adopted
this standard effective November 1, 2021 and it is not material to the financial results of the Company.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Management
does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material impact
on the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_857_z5ndTY9AgZT" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_zaKkrcO0DUbb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>3.
<span id="xdx_822_zINcBeAfCPb9">PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_zCEyz3TW3qJk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property
and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B4_zmG0D0tzY15c" style="display: none">SCHEDULE OF PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT</span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20220131_zPydmVVA55qf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">January 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20211031_zOiJwked7Anc" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--MachineryAndEquipmentGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzkmD_z5SdAeYCVRJh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left">Laboratory equipment</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MachineryAndEquipmentGross" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">179</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MachineryAndEquipmentGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">179</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzkmD_z7D53T4uhOs3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Computer equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">241</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">241</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAEGzkmD_maPPAENzKAl_ztfXbKlp58B4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total property and equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">420</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">420</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msPPAENzKAl_z3GyK5EWRjji" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accumulated depreciation and amortization</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">320</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">302</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAENzKAl_z8uzoTEhJ3sg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net property and equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">100</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">118</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zgPOPUObqY3b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Depreciation
expense for the three months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021 was approximately $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn3n3_c20211101__20220131_zF0Obi8U3Uhg" title="Depreciation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">18</ix:nonFraction></span>,000 and $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn3n3_c20201101__20210131_znO5L4F6Tw7j" title="Depreciation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">192</ix:nonFraction></span>,000, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 126; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->35<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_802_eus-gaap--IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zNS2qBC0e0N1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>4.
<span id="xdx_821_zLURfqWaM2vh">INTANGIBLE ASSETS</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_zs8r1bl7Di83" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Intangible
assets, net consisted of the following (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B6_zVdcNnQui2nl" style="display: none">SUMMARY OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS</span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20220131_zj9t0MIfVw" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">January 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20211031_zPjhQjLzUnc9" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedPatentsGross_iI_pn3n3_maFLIAGzVwq_zz5nEQ3NXRkl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%">Patents</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedPatentsGross" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,769</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedPatentsGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,836</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedLicenseAgreementsGross_iI_pn3n3_maFLIAGzVwq_zrSNGicy7i38" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Licenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedLicenseAgreementsGross" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">777</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedLicenseAgreementsGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">777</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--FiniteLivedSoftwareGross_iI_pn3n3_maFLIAGzVwq_zw0NJ54lIuk7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Software</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FiniteLivedSoftwareGross" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">98</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FiniteLivedSoftwareGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">98</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtFLIAGzVwq_maIANEGzsX7_zX4RyYshtOUd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total intangibles</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,644</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,711</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_iNI_pn3n3_di_msIANEGzsX7_ze482UeGAXAb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Accumulated amortization</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,406</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,357</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtIANEGzsX7_zyhbILf9MtT6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Intangible assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,238</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,354</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A1_zN70j2eHSAMi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
expiration dates of the existing patents range from 2021 to 2039 but the expiration dates can be extended based on market approval if
granted and/or based on existing laws and regulations. Capitalized costs associated with patent applications that are abandoned without
future value are charged to expense when the determination is made not to further pursue the application. Patent applications having
a net book value of approximately $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill_pn3n3_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_zkFSV7eqxAs3" title="Book value patent applications, net"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">104</ix:nonFraction></span>,000 and $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill_pn3n3_dxL_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_zShlfWnsZ17l" title="Book value patent applications, net::XDX::-"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2003">0</span></span> were abandoned and were charged to general and administrative expenses in the statement
of operations for each of the three months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Amortization expense for intangible assets
that was charged to general and administrative expense in the statement of operations aggregated approximately $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_pn3n3_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_zjgT7HQ5kS9h" title="Intangible asset amortization expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">70</ix:nonFraction></span>,000 and $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_pn3n3_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_zLq4EUehu8bk" title="Intangible asset amortization expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">67</ix:nonFraction></span>,000 for
the three months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Management
has reviewed its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset might
not be recoverable. Net assets are recorded on the balance sheet for patents and licenses related to axalimogene filolisbac (AXAL), ADXS-HOT,
ADXS-PSA and other products that are in development. However, if a competitor were to gain FDA approval for a similar treatment before
the Company or if future clinical trials fail to meet the targeted endpoints, the Company will likely record an impairment related to
these assets. In addition, if an application is rejected or fails to be issued, the Company would record an impairment of its estimated
book value. Lastly, if the Company is unable to raise enough capital to continue funding its studies and developing its intellectual
property, the Company would likely record an impairment to these assets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleofFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleofFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseTableTextBlock_z2P5WjHpXKkk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of January 31, 2022, the estimated amortization expense by fiscal year based on the current carrying value of intangible assets is as
follows (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BA_zCONyxSddeTk" style="display: none">SCHEDULE OF CARRYING VALUE OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS</span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20220131_zaPHQDW5dik5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Fiscal year ending <br /> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseRemainderOfFiscalYear_iI_z5QZ3GU8w5A4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%">2022 (Remaining)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseRemainderOfFiscalYear" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">211</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths_iI_zXY6TBDv3bEj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">2023</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">282</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo_iI_ztwDXdVZwPd8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">282</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree_iI_zQTN8vIPKiIk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">2025</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">282</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour_iI_zgkiqdvOQt46" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">2026</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">282</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseAfterYearFive_iI_zBTI1f42Usa2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Thereafter</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseAfterYearFive" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,899</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_zBUc3WAyd3Ll" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,238</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A6_zq9pVfW1Fo72" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock_zlC12rk7Yev4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>5.
<span id="xdx_826_zn4xJCqCa2T8">ACCRUED EXPENSES</span>:</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_zgvHMAbBePdl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes accrued expenses included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BB_zOOtIGEMSBvk" style="display: none">SUMMARY OF ACCRUED EXPENSES</span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220131_zuyWj92Pm4Vj" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">January 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20211031_znueKrzVYIzi" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCzolp_zCUgpkuk9xLf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left">Salaries and other compensation</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">170</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">55</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--AccountPayableRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCzolp_zCbfcD5ps11j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Vendors</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:AccountPayableRelatedPartiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,524</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:AccountPayableRelatedPartiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,968</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCzolp_zlgsdpuoB00d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Professional fees</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">237</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">613</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCzolp_zq6HzYk11Q75" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">200</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">200</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iTI_pn3n3_mtALCzolp_ztzPBAT9zMhd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total accrued expenses</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,131</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,836</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>
<!-- Field: Split-Segment; Name: 001 -->
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 127; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->36<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_zEhihXRDcqZ6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>6.
<span id="xdx_82B_zOMK7jH2OgG4">LEASES</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Operating
Leases</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company previously leased a corporate office and manufacturing facility in Princeton, New Jersey under an operating lease that was set
to expire in <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--LeaseExpirationDate1_dxL_c20211101__20220131_zvbfHSjbQ6Sf" title="Lease expiration date::XDX::2025-11-30"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2046">November 2025</span></span>. On March 26, 2021, the Company entered into a Lease Termination and Surrender Agreement with respect to this
lease agreement. The Lease Termination and Surrender Agreement provides for the early termination of the lease, which became effective
on March 31, 2021. In connection with the early termination of the lease, the Company was required to pay a $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--GainLossOnTerminationOfLease_c20210301__20210326_zPBCaNKf9uZf" title="Lease termination"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnTerminationOfLease" contextRef="From2021-03-012021-03-26" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">1,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> termination payment.
The unapplied security deposit totaling approximately $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--SecurityDeposit_iI_pp0p0_c20220131_zjoBznSsgPb4" title="Security deposit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SecurityDeposit" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">182,000</ix:nonFraction></span> was credited against the termination fee for a net payment of approximately
$<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--GainLossOnDispositionOfAssets1_c20210301__20210326_zhMr4Tr21Yqh" title="Net payment for termination fee"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnDispositionOfAssets1" contextRef="From2021-03-012021-03-26" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">818,000</ix:nonFraction></span>. The Company wrote off of the remaining right-of-use asset of approximately $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_iI_pn5n6_c20210326_zgnmCJRZdhb3" title="Operating lease, right of use asset"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-26" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">4.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million and lease liability of approximately
$<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn5n6_c20210326_z1afpjv0GIf2"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-26" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">5.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million. After consideration of the termination payment and write off of remaining right-of-use asset and lease liability, the Company
recorded a net gain of approximately $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20210326_zOXwI3i9OjBl" title="Net gain on leases"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-26" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 25, 2021, the Company entered into a new lease agreement for its corporate office/lab with base rent of approximately $<span id="xdx_906_ecustom--PaymentOfRent_iI_c20210326_ze3rs2Plzo22" title="Rent paid"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PaymentOfRent" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-26" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">29,000</ix:nonFraction></span> per
year, plus other expenses. The lease expires on <span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--LesseeFinanceLeasesTermOfContract_dd_c20210301__20210325_zvo5CXTcBEu9" title="Lease expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-03-012021-03-25" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="ADXS:LesseeFinanceLeasesTermOfContract">March 25, 2022</ix:nonNumeric></span> and the Company has the option to renew the lease for one additional successive
one-year term upon six months written notice to the landlord. This new lease was accounted for as a short-term lease at inception, and
the Company elected not to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability. In September 2021, the Company exercised its option to
renew the lease, extending the lease term until <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--LesseeFinanceLeasesRenewalTerm_dd_c20210301__20210325_zbN5tWDSozSi" title="Lessee finance lease renewal term date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-03-012021-03-25" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="ADXS:LesseeFinanceLeasesRenewalTerm">March 25, 2023</ix:nonNumeric></span>. Since the renewed lease term exceeds one-year, the lease no longer qualifies
for the short-term lease exception, resulting in the recognition of a right-of-use asset and operating lease liability of approximately
$<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20210325_zQP6TJHJmuE8" title="Operating lease, Right of use asset"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3_c20210325_zON6BmGznxF1" title="Operating lease liability"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-25" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-25" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">43</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>,000.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:ScheduleOfSupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToLeasesTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_895_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToLeasesTableTextBlock_za9lQRW0A6f1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_8B0_zkXFEe0znU7h" style="display: none">SCHEDULE OF SUPPLEMENTAL BALANCE SHEET RELATED TO LEASES</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20220131_z0hLLC57thv7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">January 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20211031_z6JyUYnfgWPc" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Operating leases:&#8239;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_iI_pn3n3_zk1LGJB7xDLh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Operating lease right-of-use assets</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">40</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzSE5_zznG2Mfp3Vfc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Operating lease liability</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">29</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">28</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzSE5_zSUND9fmFdWh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Operating lease liability, net of current portion</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzSE5_zJVpxX3RBXRe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Total operating lease liabilities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">34</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">40</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AD_zICgK1AtKEne" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zlNPG55yc9g8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
lease expense related to leases was as follows (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_8BB_ziDOhFPtCpYl" style="display: none">SCHEDULE OF LEASE EXPENSES</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Lease
    Cost (in thousands)</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Statements
    of Operations Classification</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20211101__20220131_z94zmz93YGV3" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
    the Three <br />
    Months Ended <br />
    January 31, 2022</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20201101__20210131_zDn8pp3bHSy2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
    the Three <br />
    Months Ended <br />
    January 31, 2021</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn3n3_maLCzh2P_z1mYwMar5igc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 35%; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating lease
    cost</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 23%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">General and
    administrative</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">290</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--VariableLeaseCost_pn3n3_maLCzh2P_zlUZI3IncMj8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Variable
    lease cost</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">General
    and administrative</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:VariableLeaseCost" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:VariableLeaseCost" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">437</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_iT_pn3n3_mtLCzh2P_zJ7joOFREez6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    lease expense</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseCost" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseCost" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">727</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A1_z4OG07q1HbX7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:ScheduleOfOtherInformationTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89F_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherInformationTableTextBlock_zl8lF6yuocOc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
information related to leases where the Company is the lessee is as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_8B7_zfu8vDR88j2b" style="display: none">SCHEDULE OF OTHER INFORMATION RELATED TO LEASES</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">January 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Weighted-average remaining lease term</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20220131_zIyI8pVoGGl5" title="Weighted-average remaining lease term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">1.2</ix:nonNumeric></span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20211031_z6Jn4Oh9czNk" title="Weighted-average remaining lease term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">1.4</ix:nonNumeric></span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: justify">Weighted-average discount rate</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20220131_z4ZeKoIucnq9" title="Weighted-average discount rate"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">3.79</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20211031_zHBN9nKN0OX6" title="Weighted-average discount rate"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">3.79</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AF_zCBjoOqpVnE2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashFlowSupplementalDisclosuresTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashFlowSupplementalDisclosuresTableTextBlock_zbzHVYEyQu6c" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_8B2_zcCf9LOkVvfb" style="display: none">SCHEDULE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION RELATED TO LEASES</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20211101__20220131_znM7KcFyuqdj" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">For the Three <br /> Months Ended <br /> January 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20201101__20210131_zHJDwSSYldj8" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">For the Three <br /> Months Ended <br /> January 31, 2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments_zVYvgdPHzz3c" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cash paid for operating lease liabilities</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">324</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A4_z35bn9lZ9g8k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 128; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->37<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zMe9pBYX84db" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future
minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of January 31, 2022 were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_8B5_zv10eQKlq7T8" style="display: none">SCHEDULE OF FUTURE MINIMUM LEASE PAYMENTS UNDER NON-CANCELLABLE LEASES</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: justify">Fiscal Year ending October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20220131_z2zmZPEmCEpa" style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_iI_maLOLLPzpLw_zPMthlXvE5ij" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: justify">2022 (Remaining)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">22</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzpLw_zmKg3cDnABy5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzpLw_zcKjxjmqlcA6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 10pt">Total minimum lease payments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">35</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_z8Pbkun3iHE8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: Imputed interest</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3_zsV1Ipb9j3rf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">34</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:CommonStockPurchaseWarrantsAndWarrantLiabilityTextBlock"><p id="xdx_807_ecustom--CommonStockPurchaseWarrantsAndWarrantLiabilityTextBlock_zNj9rlsRq0F5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>7.
<span id="xdx_82F_zUA6MyEZBe3h">COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANTS AND WARRANT LIABILITY</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Warrants</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, there were outstanding and exercisable warrants to purchase <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zPdLpSRkkIt5" title="Warrants outstanding"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zC97zOyGWN3c" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z66EUxyRn0ud" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z5IGnvr0lkvf" title="Warrants outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">30,225,397</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></span></span> shares of our common
stock with exercise prices ranging from $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zqKtAQ7lIPKl" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><span title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_srt_MinimumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</ix:nonFraction></span></span> to $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zkI4jkKqIGQ8" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><span title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">281.25</ix:nonFraction></span></span> per share. Information on the outstanding warrants is as follows:</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:ScheduleOfOutstandingWarrantsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89B_ecustom--ScheduleOfOutstandingWarrantsTableTextBlock_z5NvHymWeelj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span id="xdx_8BC_zYQvWFUFkHw2" style="display: none">COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANTS AND WARRANT LIABILITY</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Exercise <br /> Price</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Number of Shares <br /> Underlying Warrants</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Expiration Date</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Type of Financing</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 17%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zwc5f1ef5y5e" title="Exercise Price"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zcEqzN4ZA7ug" title="Exercise Price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">281.25</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 17%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zkah4NozDf9h" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_z8RVG1jlocul" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">25</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 25%">N/A</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 31%; text-align: left"><span id="xdx_905_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zEb2lyMJwMB1" title="Type of Financing"><span id="xdx_902_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_z4nPPM5OI9Ck" title="Type of Financing"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">Other warrants</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zDjeGaTgERtd" title="Exercise Price"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zjUvj7rYhqR4" title="Exercise Price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.25</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_znSz0R466nB8" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_z71I4tbOQ54j" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">70,297</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span id="xdx_904_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zpWG4yYOSWr6" title="Expiration Date"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zFDmyNU3NhX1" title="Expiration Date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription">July 2024</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zTjMW24mkBnl" title="Type of Financing"><span id="xdx_902_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zYlfTk8n2y16" title="Type of Financing"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">September 2018 Public Offering</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zR4TG8bjAac7" title="Exercise Price"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zpSkpg08o737" title="Exercise Price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">2.80</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_znxMY9R2DYu2" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zz0XC1suEvlj" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">327,338</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span id="xdx_900_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zNIzFWhfjjXl" title="Expiration Date"><span id="xdx_909_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zka1PP6gFCTj" title="Expiration Date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription">September 2024</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span id="xdx_900_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zk4CXNfzo4o8" title="Type of Financing"><span id="xdx_907_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zMNNdWE7UWI2" title="Type of Financing"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">July 2019 Public Offering</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zviU5JMVUEE2" title="Exercise Price"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zNNN85JwUHii" title="Exercise Price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.35</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zLnTs3SfX692" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zCdCb06KD9Jl" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">4,578,400</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span id="xdx_900_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zEZfi5dyUMog" title="Expiration Date"><span id="xdx_907_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_ztyL0oTNYl18" title="Expiration Date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription">November 2025</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_z8rRgUc6LiE7" title="Type of Financing"><span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zCVtKawGGu69" title="Type of Financing"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">November 2020 Public Offering</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember_zASoRqB5166d" title="Exercise Price"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember_zeCkUO7ypR63" title="Exercise Price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.70</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember_zGryktImdCmd" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember_zfppQxoZjGX5" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">11,244,135</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span id="xdx_901_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember_zdJEeWxgw1Gl" title="Expiration Date"><span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember_zLPl9wFSGF93" title="Expiration Date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription">April 2026</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span id="xdx_906_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember_zma4tkCx7KC" title="Type of Financing"><span id="xdx_904_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember_zcytYqSO0J5k" title="Type of Financing"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFiveMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">April 2021 Registered Direct Offering (Accompanying Warrants)</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSixMember_zFMz6uGIhhBb" title="Exercise Price"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSixMember_zQB23y0WReAe" title="Exercise Price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.70</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSixMember_zVP26MOxM8Wj" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSixMember_zDnTZWr2CCIk" title="Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">14,005,202</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSixMember_zQ18d9ORA2N3" title="Expiration Date"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--WarrantsExpirationDescription_dd_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSixMember_zQfzv1lv4kth" title="Expiration Date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixMember" name="ADXS:WarrantsExpirationDescription">5 years after the date such warrants become exercisable, if ever</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20201101__20211031__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSixMember_zFEr30LNBOIh" title="Type of Financing"><span id="xdx_906_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeSixMember_zy2jAxiqAmPf" title="Type of Financing"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-11-012021-10-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeSixMember" name="ADXS:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTitleOfSecurityWarrantsOrRightsOutstandings">April 2021 Private Placement (Private Placement Warrants)</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Grand Total</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20211031_zpiF1O54hOLi" title="Grand Total Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20220131_zq7mAZIMZUxf" title="Grand Total Number of Shares Underlying Warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">30,225,397</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AC_z5adTDCHrsl8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, the Company had <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--EquityWarrantsMember_zlUvPGpbyzh1"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_EquityWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">16,149,898</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">of its total <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--EquityWarrantsMember_zR6EMjsE3MYb"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_EquityWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">30,225,397</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">outstanding warrants classified as equity (equity
warrants).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Warrant
Liability</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, the Company had <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zsTDDHo8eAX9" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_z8Nmv9H4o2Q3" title="Number of warrants to purchase common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">14,075,499</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> of its total <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zoaMeJTPr2ze" title="Warrants outstanding"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zb0VWEGDcZk" title="Warrants outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">30,225,397</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> outstanding warrants from an April 2021
private offering of common stock and warrants (the &#8220;April 2021 Private Placement&#8221;) and a September 2018 public offering of
common stock and warrants (the &#8220;September 2018 Public Offering&#8221;) classified as liabilities (liability warrants).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
warrants issued in the April 2021 Private Placement will become exercisable only on such day, if ever, that is 14 days after the Company
files an amendment to the Company&#8217;s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares
of common stock, $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_c20220131_z4W9T7NvfVVg" title="Common stock par or stated value per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.001</ix:nonFraction></span> par value per share from <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_c20220131_zrCkEaeF8yEl" title="Common stock shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">170,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares to <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_c20220131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--IPOMember_zM4qCLIrQZah" title="Common stock shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_IPOMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">300,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares. These warrants expire five years after the
date they become exercisable. As of January 31, 2022, the Company did not have sufficient authorized common stock to allow for the issuance
of common stock underlying these warrants. The Company did not receive stockholder authorization to increase the authorized shares from
<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_c20210603__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zMi6eUOa6dz7" title="Common stock shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-06-03_srt_MinimumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">170,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> to <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_c20210603__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zsse2RFHoV13" title="Common stock shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-06-03_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">300,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares at the stockholder&#8217;s meeting commenced on June 3, 2021. The Company was subsequently required
to file a proxy to seek an increase in the number of authorized shares and did not file such a proxy but rather elected to seek a reverse
stock split to, among other things, increase the shares available. Accordingly, based on certain indemnification provisions of the securities
purchase agreement, the Company concluded that liability classification is warranted. The Company utilized the Black Scholes model to
calculate the fair value of these warrants at issuance and at each subsequent reporting date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 129; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->38<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock_hus-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zZ3EPn6bwGc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
measuring the warrant liability for the warrants issued in the April 2021 Private Placement at January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021,
the Company used the following inputs in its Black Scholes model:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span id="xdx_8B6_ztfL1iHWwzJ6" style="display: none">SCHEDULE OF ASSUMPTIONS USED IN WARRANT LIABILITY</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">January 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%">Exercise Price</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zJ4J3MfPLtce" title="Exercise Price" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.70</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zd36Rg1bkIJl" title="Exercise Price" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.70</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Stock Price</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--SharePrice_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zO30UOBDf53k" title="Stock Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharePrice" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.136</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--SharePrice_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zbLnLAj8jLUl" title="Stock Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharePrice" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.485</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Expected Term</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_iI_dtY_c20220131__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zHCywyRUSSY5" title="Expected Term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm">5</ix:nonNumeric></span>.00 years </span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_iI_dtY_c20211031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zHXrbBHEiJG4" title="Expected Term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm">5</ix:nonNumeric></span>.00 years </span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Volatility %</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20220131__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zTRwAW2LblT4" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">108</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20211031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zh9T8NSouba3" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">106</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Risk Free Rate</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20220131__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zDjKt2L6Xmf" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">1.62</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20211031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_z3wY3ojQo8U3" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">1.18</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AC_zhXUhUyNcTp9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
September 2018 Public Offering warrants contain a down round feature, except for exempt issuances as defined in the warrant agreement,
in which the exercise price would immediately be reduced to match a dilutive issuance of common stock, options, convertible securities
and changes in option price or rate of conversion. As of January 31, 2021, the down round feature was triggered four times and the exercise
price of the warrants were reduced from $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zuAMoZRJeqLh" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">22.50</ix:nonFraction></span> to $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zFxL168nlmr9" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember_srt_MinimumMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.25</ix:nonFraction></span>. The warrants require liability classification as the warrant agreement requires
the Company to maintain an effective registration statement and does not specify any circumstances under which settlement in other than
cash would be permitted or required. As a result, net cash settlement is assumed and liability classification is warranted. For these
liability warrants, the Company utilized the Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the fair value of these warrants at issuance and
at each subsequent reporting date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock_zWcGYSZnGPpc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
measuring the warrant liability for the September 2018 Public Offering warrants at January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, the Company
used the following inputs in its Monte Carlo simulation model:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span id="xdx_8B0_zjVfFAiTL5hl" style="display: none">SCHEDULE OF ASSUMPTIONS USED IN WARRANT LIABILITY</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">January 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">October 31, 2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%">Exercise Price</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zAwset6nizpk" title="Exercise Price" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zYcGqbh4yfR8" title="Exercise Price" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Stock Price</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--SharePrice_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_z8JJMR3w8cw6" title="Stock Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharePrice" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.136</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--SharePrice_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zdQukssCjnzb" title="Stock Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharePrice" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.485</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Expected Term</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_iI_dtY_c20220131__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zW0Ya4pI9klg" title="Expected Term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm">2.61</ix:nonNumeric></span> years </span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_iI_dtY_c20211031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zpsnqi3v4cga" title="Expected Term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm">2.87</ix:nonNumeric></span> years </span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Volatility %</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20220131__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zsUVW05C3Tz7" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">118</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20211031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zA96TBMLJSW3" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">123</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Risk Free Rate</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20220131__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_z3jwSGolOkc6" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">1.29</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20211031__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zcx9igyuTCA6" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">0.77</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AB_zksn83yvvM0h" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">At
January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, the fair value of the warrant liability was approximately $<span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--FairValueOfWarrantLiability_iI_c20220131_zL22Jl3mU13f" title="Fair value of the warrant liability"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueOfWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">1,127,000</ix:nonFraction></span> and $<span id="xdx_907_ecustom--FairValueOfWarrantLiability_iI_c20211031_zlUdGopYVYmj" title="Fair value of the warrant liability"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FairValueOfWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">4,929,000</ix:nonFraction></span>, respectively.
For the three months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company reported income of approximately $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_c20211101__20220131_zo5mSgvmp3r8" title="Income on fair value of warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">3,802,000</ix:nonFraction></span> and expense of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_c20201101__20210131_zbFFs7HKt0ic" title="Income on fair value of warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">27,000</ix:nonFraction></span>,
respectively, due to changes in the fair value of the warrant liability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_zMHoKPuBO0d6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>8.
<span id="xdx_829_z1LPcU9rYPXi">COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Atachbarian</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
November 15, 2021, a purported stockholder of the Company commenced an action against the Company and certain of its directors in the
U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey, entitled Atachbarian v. Advaxis, Inc., et al., No. 3:21-cv-20006. The plaintiff alleges
that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties and violated Section 14(a) and Rule 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
and Rule 14a-9 promulgated thereunder by allegedly failing to disclose certain matters in its Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Commission
File No. 333-259065 (the &#8220;Registration Statement&#8221;) filed in connection with a proposed merger with Biosight Ltd. (the &#8220;Previously
Proposed Merger&#8221;). On December 15, 2021, pursuant to an understanding reached with the plaintiff, the Company made certain other additional disclosures that mooted the demands asserted in the complaint. On December 17,
2021, the plaintiff filed a notice of voluntary dismissal with prejudice. On February 7, 2022, the Company and the plaintiff reached
a settlement agreement, which is recorded in accrued expenses in the consolidated balance statement.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 130; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->39<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Purported
Stockholder Claims Related to Biosight Transaction</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Between
September 16, 2021, and November 4, 2021, the Company received demand letters on behalf of six purported stockholders of the Company,
alleging that the Company failed to disclose certain matters in the Registration Statement, and demanding that the Company disclose such
information in a supplemental disclosure filed with the SEC. On October 14, 2021, the Company filed an amendment to the Registration
Statement and on November 8, 2021, the Company made certain other additional disclosures that
mooted the demands asserted in the above-referenced letters. The six plaintiffs have made a settlement demand. The Company believes it
has adequately accrued for a settlement, which is recorded in accrued expenses in the consolidated  balance sheet.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, the Company received certain additional demands from stockholders asserting that the proxy materials filed by the Company in
connection with the Previously Proposed Merger contained alleged material misstatements and/or omissions in violation of federal law.
In response to these demands, the Company agreed to make, and did make, certain supplemental disclosures to the proxy materials. At this
time, the Company is unable to predict the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:TemporaryEquityDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_808_ecustom--TemporaryEquityDisclosureTextBlock_zgKuBP8eaica" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>9.
<span id="xdx_829_zB3MVSrYiZnb">TEMPORARY EQUITY</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Series
D Convertible Preferred Stock Offering</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 31, 2022, the Company closed on an offering with certain institutional investors for the private placement of <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20220101__20220131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--InstitutionalInvestorsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_zYBGElywxm49" title="Shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_InstitutionalInvestorsMember_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares
of Series D convertible redeemable preferred stock (&#8220;Series D preferred stock&#8221;). The shares to be sold have an aggregate
stated value of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_c20220101__20220131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--InstitutionalInvestorsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_z1Qva1jiGKcj" title="Stated value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_InstitutionalInvestorsMember_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">5,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span>. Each share of the Series D preferred stock has a purchase price of $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--SharesIssuedPricePerShare_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--InstitutionalInvestorsMember_zVo8CEJzHVTk" title="Share purchase price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember_custom_InstitutionalInvestorsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">4.75</ix:nonFraction></span>, representing an original issue
discount of <span id="xdx_903_ecustom--PreferredStockDiscountRatePercentage_dp_uPure_c20220101__20220131_z49DALCwR8Re" title="Issue discount"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PreferredStockDiscountRatePercentage" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">5</ix:nonFraction></span>% of the stated value. Total net proceeds from the offering, after deducting the financial advisor&#8217;s fees and other
estimated offering expenses, were approximately $<span id="xdx_907_ecustom--ProceedsFromIssuanceOrEstimatedOffering_c20220101__20220131_zRF5mC5Lv5Qe" title="Proceeds from issuance or estimated offering"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ProceedsFromIssuanceOrEstimatedOffering" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">4,312,000</ix:nonFraction></span>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has called a special meeting of stockholders to consider an amendment (the &#8220;Amendment&#8221;) to the Company&#8217;s Amended
and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, to effect a reverse stock split of the outstanding shares of common stock by a ratio to be
determined by the Board of Directors of the Company within a range to be specified in the proposal put to the stockholders for approval
of the Amendment. The investors have agreed in the Purchase Agreement to not transfer, offer, sell, contract to sell, hypothecate, pledge
or otherwise dispose of the shares of the Series D preferred stock until the reverse stock split and to vote the shares of the Series
D preferred stock purchased in the offering in a manner that &#8220;mirrors&#8221; the proportions on which the shares of common stock
(excluding any shares of common stock that are not voted) are voted on the reverse stock split and the Amendment. The Amendment requires
the approval of the majority of the votes associated with the Company&#8217;s outstanding stock entitled to vote on the proposal. The
certificate of designation provides that the Series D preferred stock will have no voting rights, other than the right to vote as a class
on certain specified matters, except that each share of Series D preferred stock will have the right to cast <span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--NumberofVotesPerShare_pid_uInteger_c20220101__20220131_zoe4dDGllxag" title="Number of votes per share"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:NumberofVotesPerShare" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Integer">30,000</ix:nonFraction></span> votes per share of
Series D preferred stock on the reverse stock split.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Series D preferred stock can be converted at the option of the holder at any time after the Company has received stockholder approval
for a reverse stock split and filed the requisite amendment with the Delaware Secretary of State&#8217;s office to effectuate the reverse
stock split, subject to beneficial ownership limitations. The Company will be permitted to compel conversion of the Series D preferred
stock after the fulfillment of certain conditions and subject to certain limitations. The Series D preferred stock is convertible into
shares of Common Stock at a rate of $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--PreferredStockConvertibleConversionPrice_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_zc4jDT85COpa" title="Preferred stock conversion price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockConvertibleConversionPrice" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.25</ix:nonFraction></span> per share for the Series D preferred stock. In addition, on or after the reverse stock split
date, and subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, the Company can cause the holder of the Series D Preferred Stock to convert
their shares of Series D Preferred Stock, subject to such beneficial ownership limitations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 131; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->40<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Series D preferred stock has a liquidation preference over the common stock, and may be redeemed by the investors. Each holder of the
Series D preferred stock has the right to cause the Company to redeem all or part of their shares of the Series D preferred stock from
the earlier of receipt of stockholder approval of the reverse stock split or 90 days following the original issue date until 120 days
following the original issue date (the &#8220;Redemption Date&#8221;) in cash at a redemption price equal to <span id="xdx_906_ecustom--TemporaryEquityStockStatedValueAccumulatedDividends_dp_uPure_c20211101__20220131_z9EzIotw2rCl" title="Temporary equity stock stated value accumulated dividends"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:TemporaryEquityStockStatedValueAccumulatedDividends" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">105</ix:nonFraction></span>% of the stated value
plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends, if any, on such shares (whether or not earned or declared, but excluding interest
on such dividends) up to, but excluding, the Redemption Date. Under certain circumstances, the commencement of the period during which
the Series D preferred stock may be redeemed may be extended from 90 days following the original issue date to 135 days following the
original issue date, in which case the Redemption Date would be extended to 165 days following the original issue date. Should such extension
occur, the redemption price would be increased to an amount equal to <span id="xdx_907_ecustom--TemporaryEquityStockStatedValueAccumulatedDividendsOnExtension_dp_c20211101__20220131_zz8zVSVfkBY3" title="Temporary equity stock stated value accumulated dividends on extension"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:TemporaryEquityStockStatedValueAccumulatedDividendsOnExtension" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">110</ix:nonFraction></span>% of the stated value plus an amount equal to accumulated but
unpaid dividends, if any, on such shares.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
holders of Series D preferred stock will be entitled to dividends, on an as-if converted basis, equal to dividends actually paid, if
any, on shares of common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
$<span id="xdx_900_ecustom--PaymentsForProceedsFromEscrowOffering_pn4n6_c20220101__20220131_zLCurwx3JzPj" title="Payments for proceeds from escrow offering"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PaymentsForProceedsFromEscrowOffering" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-4" scale="6" unitRef="USD">4.75</ix:nonFraction></span> million in gross proceeds of the offering are held in an escrow account, along with an additional $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EscrowDeposit_iI_c20220131_zPPnso3FGYd2" title="Escrow deposit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EscrowDeposit" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">500,000</ix:nonFraction></span> deposited by the Company
to cover the aggregate original issue discount as well as the additional amount that would be necessary to fund the <span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--TemporaryEquityStockStatedValueAccumulatedDividendsOnExpiration_dp_c20211101__20220131_zfar5TZAG3Sl" title="Temporary equity stock stated value accumulated dividends on extension"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:TemporaryEquityStockStatedValueAccumulatedDividendsOnExpiration" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">105</ix:nonFraction></span>% redemption price
until the expiration of the redemption period for the Series D Preferred Stock, as applicable, subject to the earlier payment to redeeming
holders. Upon expiration of the redemption period, any proceeds remaining in escrow will be disbursed to the Company.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the Offering, the Company and the investors entered into a registration rights agreement, pursuant to which the Company
is required to file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission to register for resale the shares that are issued
upon the conversion of shares of Series D preferred stock. The registration statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on or before the 60th calendar day following the first date on which shares are issued upon the conversion of shares of Series
D preferred stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Since
the Series D preferred stock has a redemption feature at the option of the holder, it is classified as temporary equity. At the January
31, 2022 issuance date, the Series D preferred stock was recorded on the balance sheet at approximately $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent_iI_pn3n3_c20220131_zK6Gwbch2FP4" title="Temporary equity, carrying amount, attributable to parent"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,225</ix:nonFraction></span>,000, which is the $<span id="xdx_905_ecustom--ProceedsFromIssuanceOrEstimatedOffering_c20220101__20220131_zW2LzfZAA805" title="Proceeds from issuance or estimated offering"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:ProceedsFromIssuanceOrEstimatedOffering" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">4,312,000</ix:nonFraction></span>
net proceeds less the $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--PreferredStockRedemptionAmount_iI_c20220131_z8G1gURRs78i" title="Preferred stock, redemption amount"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockRedemptionAmount" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">87,000</ix:nonFraction></span> value of the bifurcated preferred stock redemption liability (see below).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Preferred
Stock Redemption Liability</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company evaluated the preferred stock redemption feature under ASC 815. Since the preferred stock redemption feature is not considered
to be clearly and closely related to the preferred stock host and the redemption feature meets the four characteristics of a derivative
under ASC 815, the preferred stock redemption feature is required to be bifurcated from the preferred stock host and valued as a liability.
The Company utilized a binomial model to calculate the fair value of the preferred stock redemption feature at issuance.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89F_ecustom--PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityTableTextBlock_zJw8kQw5UMme" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
measuring the preferred stock redemption liability at January 31, 2022 (issuance date), the Company used the following inputs in its
binomial model:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span id="xdx_8BD_zFgCQv8MwmK9" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase">SCHEDULE OF PREFERRED STOCK REDEMPTION LIABILITY</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">January 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%">Exercise Price</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20220131__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember_zazwW8WUU0ec" title="Exercise Price" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">0.25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Stock Price</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20220131__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputSharePriceMember_z61588canNWd" title="Stock Price" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputSharePriceMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">0.136</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Volatility %</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20220131__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_zzwySFReYbVa" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">105</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Risk Free Rate</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiMeasurementInput_iI_pid_uPure_c20220131__us-gaap--MeasurementInputTypeAxis__us-gaap--MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_zIR085zJANoi" title="Measurement input percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiMeasurementInput" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">1.00</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A3_zdlK6rJ6TS0g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">At
January 31, 2022, the fair value of </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the preferred stock
redemption liability <span style="background-color: white">was approximately $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--PreferredStockRedemptionAmount_iI_c20220131_zjiJWUbT1kri" title="Preferred stock, redemption amount"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockRedemptionAmount" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">87,000</ix:nonFraction></span>.</span></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_819_zgiazo6nubt9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 132; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->41<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_zMMDp3ar8n54" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>10.
<span id="xdx_825_zINLvkso575e">STOCKHOLDERS&#8217; EQUITY</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityTableTextBlock_zPEBc5FitfOk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of the changes in stockholders&#8217; equity for the three months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021 is presented below (in thousands,
except share data):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span id="xdx_8B1_ziT0ANOIN2xh" style="display: none">SUMMARY OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B0_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zpOta7dKpw3l" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Amount</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BC_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zYH6tAhiQjh7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Amount</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BD_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_zrghyx4HtgIe" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Capital</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B0_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--RetainedEarningsMember_zNuINDaj3Nn2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Deficit</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_ztAhzDZBnnFf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Equity</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Preferred Stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Common Stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">Additional Paid-In</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">Accumulated</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">Total Shareholders&#8217;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Amount</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Amount</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Capital</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Deficit</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Equity</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_43C_c20201101__20210131_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_iS_znsV1WS18fO7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 30%">Balance at November 1, 2020</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iS_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zavE1O4BXv81" title="Beginning balance, shares" style="width: 6%; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;<span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2365">&#160;</span>-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2359">&#160;</span>-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iS_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_z03csIsIHhm5" title="Beginning balance, shares" style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">78,074,023</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">78</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">440,840</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">410,738</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,180</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_43E_c20201101__20210131_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_iS_zxC6zWdyY3u5" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Beginning balance,  value</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iS_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zDEQuj1bUOqk" title="Beginning balance, shares" style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;<span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2375">&#160;</span>-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2369">&#160;</span>-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iS_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zN565Ghw5CGf" title="Beginning balance, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">78,074,023</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">78</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">440,840</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">410,738</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2020-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,180</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross_z004sZGiQVj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zgwdBgDeUcqj" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2384">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2379">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2380">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">236</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2382">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">236</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_zSZbsEqFJFXd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Advaxis public offerings, net of offering costs</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zHJSzSJOey74" title="Advaxis public offerings, net of offering costs, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2392">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2386">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_z4CGowlY6KT2" title="Advaxis public offerings, net of offering costs, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">30,666,665</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">31</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,519</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2389">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,550</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised_ziU9JnDRk9w6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Warrant exercises</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2396">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercised_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_z3ysinyKRf21" title="Warrant exercises, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">7,390,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,579</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2399">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercised" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,586</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_zvrAsoIHlbyi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Net Loss</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2404">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2405">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2406">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,977</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,977</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_43E_c20201101__20210131_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_iE_zzHRjUcAzfCg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance at January 31, 2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iE_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zWujIExgXbDa" title="Ending balance, shares" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2416">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2410">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iE_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zqO3Sqs93Bx1" title="Ending balance, shares" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">116,130,688</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">116</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">452,174</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">414,715</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">37,575</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_438_c20201101__20210131_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_iE_zhhv42Eaq1L1" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Ending balance , value</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iE_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zi49wgNGRjVd" title="Ending balance, shares" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2426">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2420">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iE_pid_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_za6od5z4qKY5" title="Ending balance, shares" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">116,130,688</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">116</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">452,174</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">414,715</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">37,575</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Preferred Stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Common Stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">Additional <br /> Paid-In</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">Accumulated</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">Total <br /> Shareholders&#8217;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Amount</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Amount</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Capital</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Deficit</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Equity</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_43C_c20211101__20220131_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_iS_zFuxzmaPIyXi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 30%">Balance at November 1, 2021</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iS_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zCz0wg9NtIv3" title="Beginning balance, shares" style="width: 6%; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2436">&#160;</span>-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2430">&#160;</span>-</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iS_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zvwXoDs4bKXk" title="Beginning balance, shares" style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">145,638,459</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">146</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">467,342</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">428,600</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38,888</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_434_c20211101__20220131_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_iS_zoWk2Sh0yYy5" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Beginning balance,  value</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iS_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zxkJDDuGLX4k" title="Beginning balance, shares" style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2446">&#160;</span>-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2440">&#160;</span>-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iS_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zbhtiKZ894Dk" title="Beginning balance, shares" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">145,638,459</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">146</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">467,342</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">428,600</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38,888</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross_z27wfd0uEWA4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zgQjjmHkDB7f" title="Stock-based compensation, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2456">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2450">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationGross_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_z5cdFrwGySAf" title="Stock-based compensation, shares" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2458">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2451">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">26</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2453">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensationGross" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">26</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_zXYx8gZgqitd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Net Loss</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2460">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2461">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2462">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">365</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">365</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_436_c20211101__20220131_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_iE_z1JgeivaJaR8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance at January 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iE_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zDRwCMVL4ehd" title="Ending balance, shares" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2472">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2466">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iE_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_znWpMGcrNVW" title="Ending balance, shares" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">145,638,459</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">146</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">467,368</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">428,965</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38,549</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_431_c20211101__20220131_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_iE_zdEzoOWZnjJg" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Ending balance, value</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iE_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_zenPAJSYrHOh" title="Ending balance, shares" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2482">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2476">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--SharesOutstanding_iE_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember_zH6dXOdiClPi" title="Ending balance, shares" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">145,638,459</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">146</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">467,368</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">428,965</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38,549</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A8_zEEZjl5LpQve" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock_zVLfF363jwC6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>11.
<span id="xdx_823_zbeG3sr1Xx2j">SHARE BASED COMPENSATION</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfCompensationCostForShareBasedPaymentArrangementsAllocationOfShareBasedCompensationCostsByPlanTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCompensationCostForShareBasedPaymentArrangementsAllocationOfShareBasedCompensationCostsByPlanTableTextBlock_zrFfIPISw2O3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes share-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BD_zgFImC5Tdw42" style="display: none">SUMMARY OF SHARE BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE&#160;</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Three Months Ended January 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left">Research and development</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pn3n3_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zpqZNmAActca" title="Share-based compensation expense" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pn3n3_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zIOaqKkQmVpa" title="Share-based compensation expense" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">57</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">General and administrative</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pn3n3_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_zdilteUBP6A5" title="Share-based compensation expense" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pn3n3_c20201101__20210131__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_zl5Xp8epgnNk" title="Share-based compensation expense" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">179</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pn3n3_c20211101__20220131_zIaBQYPMoLP3" title="Share-based compensation expense" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">26</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pn3n3_c20201101__20210131_zWnJUVH6VNRh" title="Share-based compensation expense" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2020-11-012021-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">236</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AE_znRw9WppRD3i" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stock
Options</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_zj4jxfHQhVe7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of changes in the stock option plan for the three months ended January 31, 2022 is as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_8BE_z99pMk2NuW38" style="display: none">SUMMARY OF CHANGES IN STOCK OPTION PLAN</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Weighted <br /> Average <br /> Exercise Price</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Weighted <br /> Average <br /> Remaining <br /> Contractual Life <br /> In Years</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Aggregate <br /> Intrinsic Value <br /> (in thousands)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%">Outstanding as of October 31, 2021</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iS_pid_c20211101__20220131_zuQSzQS5KzWk" title="Shares Outstanding, Beginning Balance" style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">893,946</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_pid_c20211101__20220131_zm6Hi1Mx093h" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning" style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">19.32</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20211101__20220131_z7jLSJBHDW28" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life In Years, Beginning"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">7.80</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iS_pn3n3_c20211101__20220131_zX1zsgSdPwja" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Beginning" style="width: 11%; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cancelled or expired</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_iN_pid_di_c20211101__20220131_zVYt49PhlPSg" title="Shares, Cancelled or Expired" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">5,888</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20211101__20220131_zCA8lbEINeG" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Cancelled or Expired" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">277.50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Outstanding as of January 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iE_pid_c20211101__20220131_zJuexT7ewIra" title="Shares, Outstanding, Ending Balance" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">888,058</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_pid_c20211101__20220131_zT26ku5szK7d" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">17.61</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_907_ecustom--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTermEnding_dtY_c20211101__20220131_z2DxqBOvIVj4" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life In Years, Ending Balance"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="ADXS:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTermEnding">7.55</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iE_pn3n3_c20211101__20220131_zChlZql0Z45g" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Ending" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2522">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Vested and exercisable at January 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_iI_pid_c20220131_zwvedPPZy2c2" title="Shares, Vested and Exercisable" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">484,641</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iI_pid_c20220131_zehBFp1T84N8" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Vested and Exercisable" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">31.80</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_dtY_c20211101__20220131_zFJzPZz8TVKe" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life In Years, Vested and Exercisable"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1">6.89</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_iI_pn3n3_c20220131_zK7o7I6X0DH8" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested and Exercisable" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2530">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A7_zbrLCK1WFCyg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 133; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->42<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeTextBlock"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeTextBlock_zzBNaIV5jqm6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes information about the outstanding and exercisable options at January 31, 2022:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span id="xdx_8B5_zUtUYZ8B3Mfk" style="display: none">SUMMARY OF OUTSTANDING AND EXERCISABLE OPTIONS</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Options
    Outstanding</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Options
    Exercisable</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Average</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Average</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Average</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Average</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exercise</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Number</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Remaining</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exercise</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Number</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Remaining</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exercise</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Price
    Range</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Outstanding</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contractual</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Price</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exercisable</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contractual</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Price</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zolmvzEhLOjk" title="Exercise Price Range, lower limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">.30</ix:nonFraction></span>-$<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zkwC19Cg0kNf" title="Exercise Price Range, upper limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">1.00</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_z8nHhMa9Pjyj" title="Number Outstanding, Options Outstanding" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">672,500</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zPwQWfzKwcFh" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual, Options Outstanding"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">8.29</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zI6W3ne99bql" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Outstanding" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.54</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zLiConPGeTL5" title="Number Outstanding, Options Exercisable" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">270,000</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zDYZyX5noD2l" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Exercisable, Options Exercisable"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">8.20</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeOneMember_zdbVUpmrsr6d" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Exercisable" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeOneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.50</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_znVSlXaqzTe8" title="Exercise Price Range, lower limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">1.01</ix:nonFraction></span>-$<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zuXA9V4KC1ik" title="Exercise Price Range, upper limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">10.00</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zxC5TZHmPo4l" title="Number Outstanding, Options Outstanding" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">55,379</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zvF497BOIemk" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual, Options Outstanding"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">6.80</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_z269UZeeZ094" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Outstanding" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">7.47</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zHP1vXfsNyM9" title="Number Outstanding, Options Exercisable" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">54,462</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zpWJEuln1Bva" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Exercisable, Options Exercisable"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">6.79</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember_zQkMOtnr5Tv3" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Exercisable" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeTwoMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">7.56</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_ziJ3peCZOzc8" title="Exercise Price Range, lower limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">10.01</ix:nonFraction></span>-$<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zQHgqK3h3RR8" title="Exercise Price Range, upper limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">100.00</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zIEQkYWSruj4" title="Number Outstanding, Options Outstanding" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">90,432</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_z8HCpXYQXKvl" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual, Options Outstanding"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">5.97</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zR5Kwv06HJj6" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Outstanding" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">29.02</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zXfnu69Y6p87" title="Number Outstanding, Options Exercisable" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">90,432</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_zJdRsoftSIzl" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Exercisable, Options Exercisable"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">5.97</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember_ztdu2FcGU4u3" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Exercisable" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeThreeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">29.02</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zXDOV7AYtJI9" title="Exercise Price Range, lower limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">100.01</ix:nonFraction></span>-$<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit_pid_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zHstNM8sRhLe" title="Exercise Price Range, upper limit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">258.30</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_z97XGMtl4b14" title="Number Outstanding, Options Outstanding" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">69,747</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zgCT0xnNU9q1" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual, Options Outstanding"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">3.07</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_z71tU48ApLa5" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Outstanding" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">175.51</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_z6Oq7hrQciTd" title="Number Outstanding, Options Exercisable" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">69,747</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_zQHZYzAR0nAi" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Exercisable, Options Exercisable"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">3.07</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis__custom--ExercisePriceRangeFourMember_z1zwp7TZGAQj" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Exercisable" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ExercisePriceRangeFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">175.51</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AF_zyoSlqEhO1vd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of January 31, 2022, there was approximately $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions_iI_pn5n6_c20220131_z3PI6ZE7cDzi" title="Unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding stock options"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">125,000</ix:nonFraction></span> of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock option awards, which
is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted average vesting period of <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_dtY_c20211101__20220131_za3JRJtgvf1k" title="Unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested remaining weighted average vesting period"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1">1.38</ix:nonNumeric></span> years.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Potential
Acceleration of Stock Options</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the event of a merger transaction, similar to the Previously Proposed Merger Agreement, all of the Chief Executive Officer&#8217;s <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares_iI_c20220131__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__srt--ChiefExecutiveOfficerMember_z59F2Oc61pY6" title="Share-based compensation arrangement by share-based payment award, options, nonvested, number of shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_srt_ChiefExecutiveOfficerMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">73,777</ix:nonFraction></span>
unvested stock options, pursuant to his employment agreement, would accelerate.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="ADXS:LicensingAgreementsDisclosuresTextBlock"><p id="xdx_805_ecustom--LicensingAgreementsDisclosuresTextBlock_zcUDGxlgoOb3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>12.
<span id="xdx_826_z5ANTkjunUv6">LICENSING AGREEMENTS</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>OS
Therapies LLC</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 4, 2018, the Company entered into a development, license and supply agreement with OS Therapies (&#8220;OST&#8221;) for the
use of ADXS31-164, also known as ADXS-HER2, for evaluation in the treatment of osteosarcoma in humans. Under the terms of the license
agreement, as amended, OST will be responsible for the conduct and funding of a clinical study evaluating ADXS-HER2 in recurrent, completely
resected osteosarcoma. Under the most recent amendment to the licensing agreement, OST agreed to pay Advaxis $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pp0p0_c20200429__20200430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember_z6yxeRv31qtk" title="Revenue"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-04-292020-04-30_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">25,000</ix:nonFraction></span> per month (&#8220;Monthly
Payment&#8221;) starting on April 30, 2020 until it achieved its funding milestone of $<span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--FundingMilestonePayment_pp0p0_c20180903__20180904__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember__srt--StatementScenarioAxis__custom--OSTherapiesMember_zfAmJOZk0E3" title="Funding milestone payment"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:FundingMilestonePayment" contextRef="From2018-09-032018-09-04_custom_DevelopmentLicenseAndSupplyAgreementMember_custom_OSTherapiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">2,337,500</ix:nonFraction></span>. Upon receipt of the first Monthly Payment,
Advaxis initiated the transfer of the intellectual property and licensing rights of ADXS31-164, which were licensed pursuant to the Penn
Agreement, back to the University of Pennsylvania. Contemporaneously, OST will enter negotiations with the University of Pennsylvania
to establish a licensing agreement for ADXS31-164 to OST for clinical and commercial development of the ADXS31-164 technology.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the three months ended January 31, 2021, <span id="xdx_901_ecustom--MilestoneAchievementDescription_c20211101__20220131_zdKePh8izNce" title="Milestone achievement, description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" name="ADXS:MilestoneAchievementDescription">the Company received an aggregate of $1,615,000 from OS Therapies upon achievement of the funding
milestone set forth in the license agreement</ix:nonNumeric></span>. The Company therefore transferred and OST took full ownership of the IND application for
ADXS31-164 in its entirety along with agreements and promises contained therein, as well as all obligations associated with this IND
or any HER2 product/program development.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_zY8pOxcx70y3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>13.
<span id="xdx_82C_zlWz8JXosDii">FAIR VALUE</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
authoritative guidance for fair value measurements defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid
to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or the most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants on the measurement date. Market participants are buyers and sellers in the principal market that are (i)
independent, (ii) knowledgeable, (iii) able to transact, and (iv) willing to transact. The guidance describes a fair value hierarchy
based on the levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure
fair value which are the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;
Level 1 &#8212; Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;
Level 2&#8212; Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets
or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or corroborated by observable market
data or substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 134; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->43<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;
Level 3 &#8212; Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the value of the assets
or liabilities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_zvyGyQmYP1xf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides the assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of January 31, 2022 and October
31, 2021 (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B5_zecfTW6vxaNk" style="display: none">SCHEDULE OF FAIR VALUE, ASSETS AND LIABILITIES MEASURED ON RECURRING BASIS&#160;</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20220131__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member_zgvL8d1wXwJd" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20220131__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_zYR8ouOGfYt" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20220131__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member_zKDJjg26ciBc" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20220131_zfQTHsvR3I68" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="17" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Fair value measured at January 31, 2022</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-decoration: underline; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Financial assets at fair value:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_hus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis__us-gaap--MoneyMarketFundsMember_z3VcEsxVeO9g" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 40%; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Cash equivalents (money market funds)</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,154</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2617">-</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2618">-</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,154</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AssetsFairValueDisclosure_iI_ze91twA4dk2i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total Financial Assets at Fair Value</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,154</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2622">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2623">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,154</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-decoration: underline; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Financial liabilities at fair value:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--PreferredStockRedemptionLiability_iI_pn3n3_zaP7vMwWGimc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Preferred stock redemption liability</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2626">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2627">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PreferredStockRedemptionLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">87</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:PreferredStockRedemptionLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">87</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--CommonStockWarrantLiability_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember_z7bdwJotdIE8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20220131_zak8RIIGlURb" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.25</ix:nonFraction></span> through September 2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2631">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2632">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--CommonStockWarrantLiability1_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_z0yINYhdIBMc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20220131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zoFsaf0mQaT1" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.70</ix:nonFraction></span> through 5 years after the date such warrants become exercisable, if ever (Private Placement Warrants)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2638">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2639">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,120</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability1" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,120</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FairValueNetAssetLiability_iI_pn3n3_zWCDSJlwy88e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total financial liabilities at fair value</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2645">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2646">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueNetAssetLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,214</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueNetAssetLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,214</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20211031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member_ztURdGHzghg7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20211031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_zSriQ5ENbVBc" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20211031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member_zbx5bQvncZff" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20211031_zh7gIhuggfX3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="17" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Fair value measured at October 31, 2021</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Level 3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-decoration: underline; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Financial assets at fair value:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_hus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis__us-gaap--MoneyMarketFundsMember_ztiDiwvXgPRe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 40%; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Cash equivalents (money market funds)</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,153</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2651">-</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2652">-</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,153</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AssetsFairValueDisclosure_iI_zwdTJsArt2F6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total Financial Assets at Fair Value</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,153</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2656">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2657">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,153</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-decoration: underline; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Financial liabilities at fair value:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--CommonStockWarrantLiability_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember_zno2ZVU32Wxd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031_zEdgZa3l5Ar2" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</ix:nonFraction></span> through September 2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2660">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2661">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_ThroughSeptemberTwoThousandTwentyFourMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--CommonStockWarrantLiability1_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zO0Hluqlt3dc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20211031__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zsEr3IxQdd88" title="Warrant exercise price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.70</ix:nonFraction></span> through 5 years after the date such warrants become exercisable, if ever (Private Placement Warrants)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2667">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2668">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,902</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="ADXS:CommonStockWarrantLiability1" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_PrivatePlacementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,902</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--FairValueNetAssetLiability_iI_pn3n3_zbkysW8iJqQ3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total financial liabilities at fair value</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2674">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2675">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueNetAssetLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,929</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueNetAssetLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,929</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AF_zjOTM1z57IDf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zHvjcplpeTG1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table presents changes in Level 3 liabilities measured at fair value (in thousands) for the three months ended January 31,
2022. Unobservable inputs were used to determine the fair value of positions that the Company has classified within the Level 3 category.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_ztDle1h9dEU9" style="display: none">SCHEDULE
OF FAIR VALUE MEASURING UNOBSERVABLE INPUTS</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Preferred Stock Redemption Liability</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Warrant Liabilities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Fair value at October 31, 2021</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis__custom--PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember_zTK0NgZDitLc" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2680">&#160;</span>-</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zlDnqxPRWLVf" title="Fair Value, Measurement , Beginning Balance" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember32241484" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,929</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_c20211101__20220131_zyM6XNH7crXh" title="Fair Value, Measurement , Beginning Balance" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-10-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,929</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Additions</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityPurchases_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis__custom--PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember_zA8EsDzuYpUb" title="Fair Value, Measurement, Additions" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityPurchases" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">87</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityPurchases_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zkbEq8OKnt25" title="Fair Value, Measurement, Additions" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2688">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityPurchases_c20211101__20220131_zkVqZ1ZJ86Tj" title="Fair Value, Measurement, Additions" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityPurchases" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">87</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Change in fair value</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityPeriodIncreaseDecrease_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis__custom--PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember_zQCZCtHQenT3" title="Fair Value, Measurement, Change in fair value" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2692">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityPeriodIncreaseDecrease_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_z2x7l3Lka89" title="Fair Value, Measurement, Change in fair value" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityPeriodIncreaseDecrease" contextRef="From2021-11-012022-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,802</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityPeriodIncreaseDecrease_c20211101__20220131_z3BfNo2AEW95" title="Fair Value, Measurement, Change in fair value" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityPeriodIncreaseDecrease" contextRef="From2021-11-01to2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,802</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Fair value at January 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis__custom--PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember_zHvF5hNOE3Zj" title="Fair Value, Measurement , Ending Balance" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_PreferredStockRedemptionLiabilityMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">87</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_c20211101__20220131__us-gaap--FairValueByLiabilityClassAxis__custom--WarrantLiabilityMember_zbD7smzrkh6c" title="Fair Value, Measurement , Ending Balance" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31_custom_WarrantLiabilityMember32241562" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,127</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_c20211101__20220131_zzZH6nCZzdBa" title="Fair Value, Measurement , Ending Balance" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,214</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zKpwynJlfzwj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;&#160;</b></span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 135; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->44<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;&#160;</b></span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 2pt solid; font-size: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 16pt"><b>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;
 Shares of Common Stock</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 16pt"><b>and
Warrants to Purchase</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 16pt"><b>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;
 Shares of Common Stock</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><img src="logo_001.jpg" alt="" style="height: 87px; width: 400px" /></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>ADVAXIS,
INC.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 25%"><div style="border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 12pt"><b>PROSPECTUS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 25%"><div style="border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>A.G.P.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;,
2022</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Until
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;, 2022, (25 days after the date of this prospectus) all dealers that effect transactions in the shares of our common stock, whether
or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers&#8217; obligation
to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 136 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_015"></span>PART
II</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>INFORMATION
NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_016"></span>Item
13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table sets forth all expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, payable by us in connection with the sale
of the shares of common stock being registered. All of such expenses are estimates, except the fees payable to the SEC and the Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">2,317.50</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Financial Industry Regulatory Authority fee*</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stock exchange fees*</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Printing and mailing expenses*</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Legal fees and expenses*</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accounting fees and expenses*</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Transfer agent and registrar fees*</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Miscellaneous fees and expenses*</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Total:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*
To be provided by amendment.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_017"></span>Item
14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or the DGCL, authorizes a corporation to indemnify its directors and officers against liabilities
arising out of actions, suits and proceedings to which they are made or threatened to be made a party by reason of the fact that they
have served or are currently serving as a director or officer to a corporation. The indemnity may cover expenses (including attorneys&#8217;
fees) judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the director or officer in connection with
any such action, suit or proceeding. Section 145 permits corporations to pay expenses (including attorneys&#8217; fees) incurred by directors
and officers in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding. In addition, Section 145 provides that a corporation
has the power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of its directors and officers against any liability asserted against them
and incurred by them in their capacity as a director or officer, or arising out of their status as such, whether or not the corporation
would have the power to indemnify the director or officer against such liability under Section 145.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have adopted provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws to be in effect at the consummation of this offering that limit
or eliminate the personal liability of our directors to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as it now exists or may in the future
be amended. Consequently, a director will not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages or breach of fiduciary
duty as a director, except for liability for:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    breach of the director&#8217;s duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    unlawful payments related to dividends or unlawful stock purchases, redemptions or other distributions; or</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
limitations of liability do not alter director liability under the federal securities laws and do not affect the availability of equitable
remedies such as an injunction or rescission.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, our bylaws provide that:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">we
    will indemnify our directors, officers and, in the discretion of our board of directors, certain employees to the fullest extent
    permitted by the DGCL, as it now exists or may in the future be amended; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">we
    will advance reasonable expenses, including attorneys&#8217; fees, to our directors and, in the discretion of our board of directors,
    to our officers and certain employees, in connection with legal proceedings relating to their service for or on behalf of us, subject
    to limited exceptions.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 137; Options: NewSection; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">II-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->1<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and intend to enter into such agreements with certain of our
executive officers. These agreements provide that we will indemnify each of our directors, certain of our executive officers and, at
times, their affiliates to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. We will advance expenses, including attorneys&#8217; fees (but
excluding judgments, fines and settlement amounts), to each indemnified director, executive officer or affiliate in connection with any
proceeding in which indemnification is available and we will indemnify our directors and officers for any action or proceeding arising
out of that person&#8217;s services as a director or officer brought on behalf of the Company and/or in furtherance of our rights. Additionally,
each of our directors may have certain rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses and/or insurance provided by their affiliates,
which indemnification relates to and might apply to the same proceedings arising out of such director&#8217;s services as a director
referenced herein. Nonetheless, we have agreed in the indemnification agreements that the Company&#8217;s obligations to those same directors
are primary and any obligation of the affiliates of those directors to advance expenses or to provide indemnification for the expenses
or liabilities incurred by those directors are secondary.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
also maintain general liability insurance which covers certain liabilities of our directors and officers arising out of claims based
on acts or omissions in their capacities as directors or officers, including liabilities under the Securities Act.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
underwriting agreement filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this registration statement provides for indemnification of us and our directors and officers
by the underwriters against certain liabilities under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_018"></span>Item
15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 31, 2022, the Company completed the issuance and sale, in a private placement under Regulation D under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended, of 1,000,000 shares of the Company&#8217;s Series D Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share
(the &#8220;Series D Preferred Stock&#8221;). The shares of Series D Preferred Stock were convertible, at a conversion price of $0.25
per share (subject in certain circumstances to adjustments), into shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock, par value $0.001 per share.
All shares of the Series D Preferred Stock were redeemed on April 7, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_019"></span>Item
16. Exhibits</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.1</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.1in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Form
    of Underwriting Agreement (to be filed by amendment).</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.1</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="ex3-1.htm">Form of Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.2</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420406020255/v042657def14a.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Incorporated by reference to Annex C to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on May 15, 2006.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.3</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420410038581/v190951_ex4-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Designations of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series B Preferred Stock of the registrant, dated July 19, 2010. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 20, 2010.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.4</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420412046790/v321794_ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on August 16, 2012. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 17, 2012.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.5</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420413039531/v350002_ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on July 11, 2013 (reverse stock split). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 15, 2013.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.6</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420413039531/v350002_ex3-2.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on July 12, 2013 (reverse stock split). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 15, 2013.</a></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 138; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">II-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->2<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.7</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.1in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315214002124/ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on July 9, 2014. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 10, 2014.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.8</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315216007989/ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on March 10, 2016. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 11, 2016.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.9</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315218003707/ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on March 21, 2018. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 21, 2018.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.10</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315221005449/ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Second Amended and Restated By-Laws of Advaxis, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 5, 2021.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.11</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315221023154/ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amendment No. 1 to the Second Amended and Restated By-Laws of Advaxis, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 20, 2021.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.12</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315222004469/ex3-13.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights, and Limitations of Series D Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.13 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 14, 2022.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.13</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315222002598/ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Correction to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.14</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315222002598/ex3-2.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.15</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315222002598/ex3-3.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.16</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315222002598/ex3-4.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.17</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315222002598/ex3-5.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.18</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315222002598/ex3-6.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.6 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022</a></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 139; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">II-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->3<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.19</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315222002598/ex3-7.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.7 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.20</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315222002598/ex3-9.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amendment No. 2 to the Second Amended and Restated By-Laws of Advaxis, Inc., Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.9 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.21</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315222002930/ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series D Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 1, 2022</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.1</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315218013098/ex4-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Form of Warrant Agency Agreement, dated as of September 11, 2018 between Advaxis, Inc. and Continental Stock Transfer and Trust Company (and Form of Warrant contained therein), Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 11, 2018.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.2</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315219011146/ex4-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Form of Common Warrant dated July 25, 2019 Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 25, 2019.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.3</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315220022626/ex4-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Form of Common Stock Warrant dated November 27, 2020. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 27, 2020.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.4</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315221008561/ex4-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Form of Pre-Funded Warrant. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 12, 2021.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.5</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315221008561/ex4-2.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Form of Accompanying Warrant. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 12, 2021.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.6</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315221008561/ex4-3.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Form of Private Placement Warrant. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 12, 2021.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.7</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315222004469/ex4-7.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Description of each class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 14, 2022.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.1</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Opinion
    of Morgan, Lewis &amp; Bockius LLP (to be filed by amendment).</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.1</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420407007215/v063533_ex10-11.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">License Agreement, between the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania and the registrant dated as of June 17, 2002, as Amended and Restated on February 13, 2007. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to Annual Report on Form 10-KSB filed with the SEC on February 13, 2007.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.2</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420410023174/v182596_def14a.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amended and Restated 2009 Stock Option Plan of the registrant. Incorporated by reference to Annex A to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on April 30, 2010.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.3</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420410031668/v186982_ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated Patent License Agreement between the registrant and the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania dated as of May 10, 2010. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on June 3, 2010.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.4</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420411050244/v233187_def14a.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan of registrant. Incorporated by reference to Annex A to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on August 29, 2011.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.5</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420412034931/v314612_ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amendment No. 1, dated as of March 26, 2007, to the License Agreement, between the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania and Advaxis, Inc. dated as of June 17, 2002, as amended and restated on February 13, 2007. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on June 14, 2012.</a></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 5.4pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 140; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">II-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->4<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.6</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420412034931/v314612_ex10-5.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amendment No. 3, dated as of December 12, 2011, to the License Agreement, between the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania and Advaxis, Inc. dated as of June 17, 2002, as amended and restated on February 13, 2007. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on June 14, 2012.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.7</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420412040204/v318209_def14a.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amendment No. 1 to 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan of registrant. Incorporated by reference to Annex B to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on July 19, 2012.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.8</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420413047147/v353414_ex10-3.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Indemnification Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 20, 2013.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.9</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420414006607/v367396_ex10-79.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Exclusive License and Technology Transfer Agreement by and between Advaxis, Inc. and Global BioPharma, Inc., dated December 9, 2013. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.79 to Annual Report on Form 10-K/A filed with the SEC on February 6, 2014.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.10</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420414016138/v371064_ex10-7.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Distribution and Supply Agreement, dated as of January 20, 2014, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and Biocon, Limited. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on March 17, 2014.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.11</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315214001851/ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Exclusive License Agreement, dated March 19, 2014, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and Aratana Therapeutics, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on June 10, 2014.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.12</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315214002907/ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Clinical Trial Collaboration Agreement, dated July 21, 2014, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and MedImmune, LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on September 9, 2014.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.13</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315214002907/ex10-2.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">5<sup>th </sup>Amendment to the Amended &amp; Restated License Agreement, dated July 25, 2014, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and University of Pennsylvania. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on September 9, 2014.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.14</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315214001629/defr14a.htm#a_005" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amendment No. 2 to the Advaxis, Inc. 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan, effective July 9, 2014. Incorporated by reference to Annex A to Current Report on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on May 20, 2014.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.15</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315214002907/ex10-4.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amended and Restated 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan, dated September 8, 2014. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on September 9, 2014.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.16</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000114420414007594/v367877_ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Master Services Agreement for Technical Transfer and Clinical Supply, dated February 5, 2014, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and SynCo Bio Partners B.V. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 11, 2014.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.17</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315215000050/ex10-101.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Clinical Trial Collaboration and Supply Agreement by and between Advaxis, Inc. and Merck &amp; Co. dated August 22, 2014. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.101 to Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on January 6, 2015.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.18</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315216007685/ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Co-Development and Commercialization Agreement between Advaxis, Inc. and Especificos Stendhal SA de CV dated February 3, 2016. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on February 26, 2016.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.19</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315215001278/def14a.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">2015 Incentive Plan of registrant. Incorporated by reference to Annex A to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on April 7, 2015.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.20</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315216007316/def14a.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amendment to the Advaxis, Inc. 2015 Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on February 11, 2016.</a></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 5.4pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 141; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">II-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->5<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.21</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315217001334/def14a.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amendment to the Advaxis, Inc. 2015 Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on February 10, 2017.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.22</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315220004431/def14a.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amendment to the Advaxis, Inc. 2015 Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on March 20, 2020.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.23</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315220008067/ex1-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Sales Agreement, dated May 8, 2020, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to the Company&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 8, 2020).</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.24</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315220014443/ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Purchase Agreement, dated July 30, 2020, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 3, 2020).</a><span style="text-decoration: underline"></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.25</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315221007203/ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Lease Agreement, dated March 25, 2021, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and Princeton Corporate Plaza, LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 30, 2021.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.26</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315221007203/ex10-2.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Lease Termination and Surrender Agreement, dated March 26, 2021, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and 300 CR LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 30, 2021.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.27</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315221008561/ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Securities Purchase Agreement dated April 12, 2021, by and among Advaxis, Inc. and the purchasers identified on the signature pages thereto. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 12, 2021.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.28</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315221008561/ex10-2.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Form of Investor Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 12, 2021.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.29</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315221013631/ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amendment to the Advaxis, Inc. 2015 Incentive Plan, dated as of February 11, 2021. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 4, 2021.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.30</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315218005627/ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Employment Agreement between Advaxis, Inc. and Kenneth A. Berlin, dated April 23, 2018. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 23, 2018.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.31</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315221004926/ex10-33.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Employment Agreement between Advaxis, Inc. and Andres Gutierrez, M.D., dated April 23, 2018. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K/A filed with the SEC on February 26, 2021.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.32</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315221032821/ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Termination Letter from Advaxis, Inc. to Biosight LTD., dated December 30, 2021, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 30, 2021.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.33</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315222002598/ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Form of Securities Purchase Agreement between Advaxis, Inc. and the investors thereto, dated January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.34</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1100397/000149315222002598/ex10-2.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Form of Registration Rights Agreement by and among Advaxis, Inc. and the investors named therein, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022.</a></span></p></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23.1</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><a href="ex23-1.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (filed herewith).</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23.2</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consent
    of Morgan, Lewis &amp; Bockius LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1) (to be filed by amendment).</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">24.1</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sur_001">Power of Attorney (included on signature page).</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">107</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="ex107.htm">Filing Fee Exhibit (filed herewith).</a></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 142; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">II-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->6<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
<b>Financial Statement Schedules</b>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedules
not listed above have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the financial
statements or notes thereto.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_020"></span>Item
17. Undertakings</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)
to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement: (i) to
include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act; (ii) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising
after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in
the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which
was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus
filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20%
change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the &#8220;<i>Calculation of Registration Fee</i>&#8221; table in the effective
registration statement; and (iii) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed
in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement; provided, however, that paragraphs
(i), (ii) and (iii) do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-1 and the information required to be included in a post-effective
amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section
13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained
in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)
that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be
a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed
to be the initial <i>bona fide</i> offering thereof;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)
to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the
termination of the offering;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)
that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser: Each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)
as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses
filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used
after effectiveness. <i>Provided</i>, <i>however</i>, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of
the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or
prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use,
supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement
or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use; and</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 143; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">II-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->7<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)
that, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution
of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant
to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities
are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to
the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule
    424;</span></td></tr>

<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by
    the undersigned registrant;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant
    or its securities provided by or on behalf of an undersigned registrant; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
    </span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Insofar
as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of
the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities
and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred
or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is
asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless
in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the
question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final
adjudication of such issue.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 144; Value: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">II-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->8<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_021"></span>SIGNATURES</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Princeton, Mercer County, State of New Jersey, on May 12,
2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advaxis,
    Inc.</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
    Kenneth Berlin</i>&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 50%">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Name:&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> Kenneth Berlin</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Title:</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">President
and Chief Executive Officer </span></p></td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sur_001"></span>Power
of Attorney</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We,
the undersigned officers and directors of Advaxis, Inc., hereby severally constitute and appoint Kenneth Berlin, true and lawful attorney-in-fact
and agent, acting alone, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead,
in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments (including post-effective amendments, exhibits thereto and other documents in
connection therewith) to this registration statement on Form S-1 and all documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every
act and thing requisite and necessary to be done to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and all requirements
of the Securities and Exchange Commission, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying
and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or their, his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully
do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed below by the following persons
in the capacities and on the dates indicated.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 28%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SIGNATURE</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 52%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">TITLE</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">DATE</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><i>/s/ Kenneth Berlin</i></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">President and Chief Executive Officer </td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Kenneth
    Berlin</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Principal
    Executive Officer)</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">May
    12,</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> 2022</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><i>/s/ Igor Gitelman</i></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Interim Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting
    Officer, VP of Finance</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Igor Gitelman</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">May
    12,</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> 2022</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
    David Sidransky&#160;</i></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">David
    Sidransky</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman
    of the Board</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">May
    12,</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> 2022</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
    James P. Patton&#160;</i></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">James
    P. Patton</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vice
    Chairman of the Board</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">May <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12,
    </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2022</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
    Roni A. Appel</i></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Roni
    A. Appel</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">May
    12,</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> 2022</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
    Richard J. Berman&#160;</i></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Richard
    J. Berman</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">May
    12,</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> 2022</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
    Samir N. Khleif&#160;</i></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Samir
    N. Khleif</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">May
    12,</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> 2022</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 145; Options: Last -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">II-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->9<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>
</ix:nonNumeric></body>
</html>
[{"type": "S-1", "sequence": "1", "filename": "forms-1.htm", "secsgml_size_bytes": 2794059}]
{"company-data": {"conformed-name": "Advaxis, Inc.", "cik": "0001100397", "assigned-sic": "2834", "irs-number": "841521955", "state-of-incorporation": "DE", "fiscal-year-end": "1031"}, "filing-values": {"form-type": "S-1", "act": "33", "file-number": "333-264894", "film-number": "22918689"}, "business-address": {"street1": "9 DEER PARK DRIVE", "street2": "SUITE K-1", "city": "MONMOUTH JUNCTION", "state": "NJ", "zip": "08852", "phone": "732 545 1590"}, "mail-address": {"street1": "9 DEER PARK DRIVE", "street2": "SUITE K-1", "city": "MONMOUTH JUNCTION", "state": "NJ", "zip": "08852"}, "former-company": {"former-conformed-name": "GREAT EXPECTATIONS & ASSOCIATES INC", "date-changed": "19991203"}}
As
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 12, 2022
Registration
No. 333-
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM
S-1
REGISTRATION
STATEMENT UNDER THE
SECURITIES
ACT OF 1933
ADVAXIS,
INC.
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
2836
02-0563870
(State
                                            or other jurisdiction of
incorporation
    or organization)
(Primary
                                            Standard Industrial
Classification
    Code Number)
(I.R.S.
                                            Employer
Identification
    No.)
9
Deer Park Drive
,
Suite K-1
Monmouth
Junction
,
New Jersey
(609
)
452-9813
(Address,
including zip code and telephone number,
including
area code, of registrant's principal executive offices)
Kenneth
Berlin
President
and Chief Executive Officer
9
Deer Park Drive
,
Suite K-1
Monmouth
Junction
,
New Jersey
(609)
452-9813
(Name,
address, including zip code and telephone number,
including
area code, of agent for service)
With
copies to:
Justin
                                            W. Chairman, Esq.
Morgan,
    Lewis & Bockius LLP
1701
    Market Street
Philadelphia,
    Pennsylvania 19103
Telephone:
    (215) 963-5000
Facsimile:
    (215) 963-5001
Ron
                                            Ben-Bassat, Esq.
Eric
    Victorson, Esq.
Sullivan
    & Worcester LLP
1633
    Broadway
New
    York, New York 10019
Telephone:
    (212) 660-5003
Facsimile:
    (212) 660-3000
Approximate
date of commencement of proposed sale to the public
: As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.
If
any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the
Securities Act of 1933 check the following box: ☒
If
this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the
following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same
offering. ☐
If
this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the
Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If
this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the
Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company,
or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller
reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
Large
    accelerated filer ☐
Accelerated
    filer ☐
Non-accelerated
                                            filer
☒
Smaller
    reporting company
☒
Emerging
    growth company
☐
If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
The
Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the
Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective
in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act, or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the
Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The
information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration
statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus shall not constitute an offer to
sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer,
solicitation or sale would be unlawful.
PRELIMINARY
    PROSPECTUS
SUBJECT
    TO COMPLETION, DATED MAY 12, 2022
ADVAXIS,
INC.
Shares of Common Stock and Warrants to Purchase
Shares of Common Stock
$
      per share
We
are offering             shares of common stock, $0.001 par value, and warrants
("Common Stock Purchase Warrants") to purchase          shares of common stock
pursuant to this prospectus. Each whole Common Stock Purchase Warrant is exercisable to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise
price of $          ,        will          be exercisable upon issuance and will expire           years
from the date of issuance. The shares of common stock and the Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be issued and sold to purchasers in
the ratio of one-to-one.
The
shares of common stock and the accompanying Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be sold in units (each, a "common stock unit"
or the "units"), with each common stock unit consisting of one share of common stock and one Common Stock Purchase Warrant
to purchase one share of our common stock. The shares of common stock and Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be immediately separable
on issuance. Each common stock unit will be sold at a price of $       per common stock unit.
We
have applied to list our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market ("Nasdaq") under the symbol "ADXS". Although
we believe that as of the consummation of this offering, we will meet the listing criteria for listing of our common stock on Nasdaq,
there is no assurance that our application will be approved. On March 31, 2022, our stockholders approved a proposal giving our board
of directors the authorization to effect a reverse split (the "reverse split") of our outstanding shares of common stock
at a specific ratio within a range of one-for-twenty to one-for-eighty (or any number in between), with the exact ratio to be set within
such range in the discretion of our board of directors without further approval or authorization of our stockholders, with our board
of directors having the ultimate discretion as to whether or not to proceed with the reverse split. Our board of directors has approved
the reverse split at a ratio of one-for-           in connection with this offering
and our intended listing of the shares of our common stock on Nasdaq, effective concurrently with the consummation of this offering.
Prior to this offering, our common stock has traded on the OTCQX
®
Best Market under the symbol "ADXS." As
of May 6, 2022, the last reported sale price of our common stock was $0.082 per share, which giving effect to the anticipated
one-for-          reverse split equates to $          per
share. The Common Stock Purchase Warrants will not be listed on any national securities exchange or other nationally recognized trading
system.
Investing
in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should read this entire prospectus carefully, including the section entitled "Risk
Factors" beginning on page 4.
Per
                                            Common
Stock
                                            Unit
Total
Public offering price
$
$
Underwriting discount and commissions
$
$
Proceeds, before expenses, to us
$
$
Neither
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
We
have granted the underwriter an option, exercisable within 45 days after the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to             
additional shares of our common stock and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants upon the same terms and conditions as the shares offered
by this prospectus to cover over-allotments, if any.
The
underwriter expects to deliver the securities to purchasers on or about           ,
2022.
Sole
Book-Running Manager
A.G.P.
The
date of this prospectus is        , 2022.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Page
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
ii
Prospectus Summary
1
Risk Factors
4
Use of Proceeds
32
Information Regarding Our Common Stock
33
Dividend Policy
34
Capitalization
35
Dilution
36
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
37
Business
47
Management
69
Executive Compensation
74
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
78
Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions, Director Independence
80
Description of Securities
81
Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations for Non-U.S. Holders of Common Stock
84
Underwriting
85
Legal Matters
87
Experts
87
Where You Can Find More Information
87
Index to Financial Statements
F-1
We
are responsible for the information contained in this prospectus and in any free-writing prospectus we prepare or authorize. We have
not, and the underwriter has not, authorized anyone to provide you with different information, and we take no responsibility for any
other information others may give you. We are not, and the underwriter is not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction
where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate as of any
date other than the date on the cover page of this prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects
may have changed since that date.
Some
of the industry and market data contained in this prospectus are based on independent industry publications or other publicly available
information, while other information is based on our internal sources. Although we believe that each source is reliable as of its respective
date, the information contained in such sources has not been independently verified, and neither we nor the underwriter can assure you
as to the accuracy or completeness of this information.
For
investors outside the United States: We have not, and the underwriter has not, done anything that would permit this offering or possession
or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons
outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating
to, the offering of the shares of common stock and Common Stock Purchase Warrants and the distribution of this prospectus outside the
United States.
TRADEMARKS,
TRADE NAMES AND SERVICE MARKS
This
prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference contain references to our trademarks and to trademarks belonging to other entities.
Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus, including logos, artwork and other visual displays,
may appear without the ® or TM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to
the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the rights of the applicable licensor to these trademarks and trade names. We
do not intend our use or display of other companies' trade names or trademarks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or
sponsorship of us by, any other companies.
i
CAUTIONARY
STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain
statements in this prospectus may constitute "forward-looking statements" for purposes of the federal securities laws. Our
forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding our or our management team's expectations, hopes,
beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future. In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations
of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. The words "anticipate,"
"believe," "contemplate," "continue," "could," "estimate," "expect,"
"intends," "may," "might," "plan," "possible," "potential," "predict,"
"project," "should," "will," "would" and similar expressions may identify forward-looking
statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. Forward-looking statements in this
prospectus may include, for example, statements about:
●
the
    success and timing of our clinical trials, including patient accrual;
●
our
    ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approval and/or reimbursement of our product candidates for marketing;
●
our
    ability to obtain the appropriate labeling of our products under any regulatory approval;
●
our
    plans to develop and commercialize our products;
●
the
    successful development and implementation of future sales and marketing campaigns;
●
the
    change of key scientific or management personnel;
●
the
    size and growth of the potential markets for our product candidates and our ability to serve those markets;
●
our
    ability to successfully compete in the potential markets for our product candidates, if commercialized;
●
regulatory
    developments in the United States and foreign countries;
●
the
    rate and degree of market acceptance of any of our product candidates;
●
new
    products, product candidates or new uses for existing products or technologies introduced or announced by our competitors and the
    timing of these introductions or announcements;
●
market
    conditions in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors;
●
our
    available cash;
●
the
    accuracy of our estimates regarding expenses, future revenues, capital requirements and needs for additional financing;
●
our
    ability to obtain additional funding;
●
any
    outcomes from our review of strategic transactions and options to maximize stockholder value;
●
the
    ability of our product candidates to successfully perform in clinical trials and to resolve any clinical holds that may occur;
●
our
    ability to obtain and maintain approval of our product candidates for trial initiation;
●
our
    ability to manufacture and the performance of third-party manufacturers;
●
our
    ability to identify license and collaboration partners and to maintain existing relationships;
●
the
    performance of our clinical research organizations, clinical trial sponsors and clinical trial investigators, and collaboration partners
    for any clinical trials we conduct;
●
our
    ability to successfully implement our strategy;
●
our
    ability to maintain the listing of the shares of our common stock on the OTCQX
®
Best Market ("OTCQX"), from which we received a notification on May 10, 2022 that by virtue
of closing below $0.10 for more than 30 consecutive calendar days, our common stock no longer meets the Standards for Continued Qualification
for the OTCQX U.S. tier, and that if we do not regain qualification by November 7, 2022, our common stock will be moved from OTCQX to
the OTC Pink market;
    and
●
our
    ability to meet Nasdaq listing requirements, have our listing application accepted by Nasdaq and maintain our listing on Nasdaq.
This
list is only an example of the risks that may affect the forward-looking statements. If any of these risks or uncertainties materialize
or fail to materialize, or if the underlying assumptions are incorrect, then actual results may differ materially from those projected
in the forward-looking statements.
Additional
factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in the forward-looking statements include, without
limitation, those discussed elsewhere in this prospectus. It is important not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements,
which reflect our analysis, judgment, belief or expectation only as of the date of this prospectus. We undertake no obligation to publicly
revise these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date of this prospectus.
ii
PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
This
summary highlights information contained elsewhere or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and does not contain all of the information
that you should consider in making your investment decision. Before investing in our common stock, purchase warrants or pre-funded warrants,
you should read the entire prospectus carefully, including the section entitled "Risk Factors" and the information in our
filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), incorporated by reference in this prospectus. Unless
the context otherwise requires, we use the terms "Advaxis," "the Company," "we," "us,"
"our" and similar designations in this prospectus to refer to Advaxis, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries.
Overview
We
are a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization of proprietary
Lm
Technology antigen
delivery products based on a platform technology that utilizes live attenuated
Listeria monocytogenes
, or
Lm
, bioengineered
to secrete antigen/adjuvant fusion proteins. These Lm-based strains are believed to be a significant advancement in immunotherapy as
they integrate multiple functions into a single immunotherapy by accessing and directing antigen-presenting cells ("APCs")
to stimulate anti-tumor T cell immunity, stimulate and activate the innate immune system with the equivalent of multiple adjuvants, and
simultaneously reduce tumor protection in the tumor micro-environment, or TME, to enable the T cells to attack tumor cells.
We
believe that its current pipeline evaluating off-the shelf, neoantigen-directed immunotherapies (i.e., our HOT program) can address significant
unmet needs in the current oncology treatment landscape. Specifically, our first drug construct from the HOT program is ADXS-503 (HOT
Lung), which has been designed to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and has the potential to optimize checkpoint inhibitors'
performance in NSCLC, while having a generally well-tolerated safety profile. On July 15, 2021, the Company announced the initiation
of a Phase 1 clinical study evaluating the second drug construct from our HOT program, ADXS-504 (HOT Prostate), in patients with biochemically
recurrent prostate cancer. The study, being conducted at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, is the first clinical evaluation
of ADXS-504 for the treatment of early prostate cancer.
We
have completed and closed out clinical studies of
Lm
Technology immunotherapies in several program areas including the following:
●
Human
    Papilloma Virus ("HPV") associated cancers
●
Personalized
    neoantigen-directed therapies
●
Prostate-specific
    antigen ("PSA") directed therapy
While
we have been winding down clinical studies of
Lm
Technology immunotherapies in these program areas, our license agreements continue
with OS Therapies, LLC for ADXS-HER2 and with Global BioPharma, or GBP, for the exclusive license for the development and commercialization
of ADXS-HPV or AXAL in Asia, Africa, and the former USSR territory, exclusive of India and certain other countries.
Proposed
Changes to Our Capital Structure
Proposed
Reverse Stock Split
On
March 31, 2022, we received the approval of the requisite number of holders of the shares of our common stock to amend our Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation, or Charter, to effect a reverse split of the shares of our common stock at a ratio of one-for-twenty
to one-for-eighty (or any number in between), with the exact ratio to be set within such range in the discretion of our board of directors
without further approval or authorization of our stockholders, with our board of directors having the ultimate discretion as to whether
or not to proceed with the reverse split. Our board of directors has determined that, concurrently with the closing of this offering,
the shares of our common stock then outstanding will be subject to a reverse split on a one-for -       basis.
Corporate
Information
We
were organized as a corporation under the laws of the State of Delaware.
Throughout
this prospectus, we refer to various service marks and trade names that we use in our business. Other trademarks and service marks appearing
in this prospectus are the property of their respective holders.
In
this prospectus, the terms "Advaxis," "we," "us," "our" and "the Company"
refer to Advaxis, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Our
principal executive offices are located at 9 Deer Park Drive, Suite K-1, Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852 and our telephone number
is (609) 452-9813. Our website address is
www.advaxis.com
. The information contained therein or connected thereto shall not be
deemed to be incorporated into this prospectus or the registration statement of which it forms a part.
1
The
Offering
Common
    stock offered by us
Shares
Common
    Stock Units
The
    shares of common stock and accompanying Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be sold in units, with each unit consisting of one share
    of common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of common stock. Each common stock unit will be sold at a price of $         per unit.
    The common stock units will be separable immediately upon issuance.
Common
    Stock Purchase Warrants offered by us
Common
    Stock Purchase Warrants to purchase an aggregate of shares of common stock. Each Common Stock Purchase Warrant will have an exercise
    price of $         per share, will be immediately exercisable and will expire on the       
    anniversary of the original issuance date. The shares of common stock and Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be issued separately
    and will be immediately separable upon issuance. This prospectus also relates to the offering of the shares of common stock issuable
    upon exercise of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants. For additional information, see "Description of Securities — Common
    Stock Purchase Warrants to be Issued as Part of this Offering" on page 82 of this prospectus.
Common
                                            stock outstanding
immediately
    after this offering
shares
(1)
Use
    of proceeds
The
    proceeds from the sale of securities offered by this prospectus will be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes.
    See "Use of Proceeds."
Over-the-Counter
                                            Bulletin Board
trading
    symbol
"ADXS"
Proposed
    Nasdaq Capital Market trading symbol
We
    have applied to list our common stock on Nasdaq under the symbol "ADXS". Although we believe that as of the consummation
    of this offering, we will meet the listing criteria for listing of our common stock on Nasdaq, there is no assurance that our application
    will be approved.
No
    Listing of Warrants
We
    do not intend to apply for listing of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants on any national securities exchange or trading system.
Risk
    factors
See
                                            "Risk Factors" beginning on page 4 for a discussion of factors you should carefully
                                            consider before deciding to invest in our securities.
(1)
The number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after this offering is based on 145,638,459 shares outstanding as of
May 6, 2022 and excludes:
●
shares issuable pursuant to the underwriter's over-allotment
option; and that, concurrently with the closing of this offering, the shares of our common stock then outstanding will be
●
subject to a reverse split
  on a one-for -      basis.
Unless
otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus reflects or assumes: (i) no exercise of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants; and
(ii) no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to an additional shares of common stock and/or Common Stock Purchase
Warrants in this offering.
2
SUMMARY
OF RISK FACTORS
Our
business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, any one of which could materially adversely affect our results of operations,
financial condition or business. These risks include, but are not limited to, those listed below. This list is not complete, and should
be read together with the section titled "
Risk Factors
" below:
●
We
    have incurred significant losses since our inception and anticipate that we will continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future.
●
We
    will require additional capital to fund our operations and if we fail to obtain necessary financing, we will not be able to complete
    the development and commercialization of our product candidates.
●
We
    are significantly dependent on the success of our
Lm
Technology platform and our product candidates based on this platform.
●
If
    we are unable to establish, manage or maintain strategic collaborations in the future, our revenue and drug development may be limited.
●
We
    are subject to certain U.S. and foreign anti-corruption, anti-money laundering, export control, sanctions and other trade laws and
    regulations. We can face serious consequences for violations.
●
We
    need to attract and retain highly skilled personnel; we may be unable to effectively manage growth with our limited resources.
●
We
    depend upon our senior management and key consultants and their loss or unavailability could put us at a competitive disadvantage.
●
The
    biotechnology and immunotherapy industries are characterized by rapid technological developments and a high degree of competition.
    We may be unable to compete with more substantial enterprises.
●
As
    a matter of course, we are reviewing strategic transactions for our company. We may not be successful in identifying or completing
    any strategic transaction and any such strategic transaction completed may not yield additional value for stockholders.
●
We
    can provide no assurance that our clinical product candidates will obtain regulatory approval or that the results of clinical studies
    will be favorable.
●
Drug
    discovery and development is a complex, time-consuming and expensive process that is fraught with risk and a high rate of failure.
●
We
    may face legal claims; legal disputes are expensive and we may not be able to afford the costs.
●
We
    can provide no assurance of the successful and timely development of new products.
●
Our
    employees, independent contractors, consultants, commercial partners, principal investigators, or CROs may engage in misconduct or
    other improper activities, including noncompliance with regulatory standards and requirements, which could have a material adverse
    effect on our business.
●
We
    must comply with significant government regulations.
●
Ongoing
    healthcare legislative and regulatory reform measures may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
●
We
    rely upon patents to protect our technology. We may be unable to protect our intellectual property rights and we may be liable for
    infringing the intellectual property rights of others.
●
If
    you purchase common stock in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution in the book value of your investment.
●
The
    price of the shares of our common stock may be volatile.
●
A
    limited public trading market may cause volatility in the price of the shares of our common stock.
●
We
    may be at an increased risk of securities litigation, which is expensive and could divert management attention
.
●
Our
    certificate of incorporation, bylaws and Delaware law have anti-takeover provisions that could discourage, delay or prevent a change
    in control, which may cause our stock price to decline.
3
RISK
FACTORS
Investing
in the shares of our common stock and our Common Stock Warrants involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks
and uncertainties described below together with all of the other information contained in this prospectus before deciding to invest in
the shares of our common stock and our Common Stock Warrants. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, prospects, operating
results and financial condition could suffer materially. In such event, the trading price of the shares of our common stock could decline
and you might lose all or part of your investment. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional
risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also adversely affect our business.
Certain statements below are forward-looking statements. See "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements"
in this prospectus.
Risks
Related to Our Financial Position, Capital Needs and Strategic Considerations
We
have incurred significant losses since our inception and anticipate that we will continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future.
We
are a clinical-stage biotechnology company. Investment in biotechnology product development is highly speculative because it entails
substantial upfront capital expenditures and significant risk that a product candidate will fail to gain regulatory approval or become
commercially viable. We have not generated any revenue from product sales to date, and we continue to incur significant development and
other expenses related to our ongoing operations. As a result, we are not profitable and have incurred losses in each period since our
inception.
We
expect to continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future, and we expect these losses to increase as we continue our development
of, and seek regulatory approvals for, our product candidates, and begin to commercialize any approved products. We may encounter unforeseen
expenses, difficulties, complications, delays and other unknown factors that may adversely affect our business. The size of our future
net losses will depend, in part, on the rate of future growth of our expenses and our ability to generate revenues. If any of our product
candidates fails in clinical studies or do not gain regulatory approval, or if approved, fails to achieve market acceptance, we may never
become profitable. Even if we achieve profitability in the future, we may not be able to sustain profitability in subsequent periods.
Our prior losses and expected future losses have had and will continue to have an adverse effect on our stockholders' (deficit)
equity and working capital.
We
will require additional capital to fund our operations and if we fail to obtain necessary financing, we will not be able to complete
the development and commercialization of our product candidates.
The
research and development of our products has consumed substantial amounts of cash since inception. We expect to continue to invest in
advancing the clinical development of our product candidates and to commercialize any product candidates for which we receive regulatory
approval. As of January 31, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of $36.5 million. We will require additional capital for the further
development of our product candidates. We are pursuing various ways to support our development efforts including debt and/or equity financing
as well as targeting potential collaborators of our products.
We
cannot be certain that additional funding will be available on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital
in sufficient amounts or on terms acceptable to us we may have to significantly delay, scale back or discontinue the development or commercialization
of one or more of our products or product candidates or one or more of our other research and development initiatives. Our forecast of
the period of time through which our financial resources will be adequate to support our operations is a forward-looking statement and
involves risks and uncertainties, and actual results could vary as a result of a number of factors, including the factors discussed elsewhere
in this "Risk Factors" section. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could utilize
our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. Our future funding requirements, both near and long-term, will depend
on many factors, including, but not limited to:
●
The
    progress, timing, costs and results of the clinical studies underway;
4
●
future
    clinical development plans we establish for our product candidates;
●
the
    number and characteristics of product candidates that we develop or may in-license;
●
the
    outcome, timing and cost of meeting regulatory requirements established by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, and comparable
    foreign regulatory authorities, including the potential for the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities to require that
    we perform more studies than those that we currently expect;
●
the
    cost of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing our patent claims and other intellectual property rights;
●
the
    cost of defending intellectual property disputes, including patent infringement actions brought by third parties against us or our
    product candidates;
●
the
    effect of competing technological and market developments;
●
the
    cost and timing of completion of commercial-scale outsourced manufacturing activities; and
●
the
    cost of establishing sales, marketing and distribution capabilities for any product candidates for which we may receive regulatory
    approval in regions where we choose to commercialize our products on our own.
As
we recently announced in connection with the termination of the Merger Agreement for our planned merger with Biosight, we are continuing
to explore options to maximize stockholder value, including reviewing strategic transactions for our company. We may not be successful
in identifying or completing any strategic transaction and any such strategic transaction completed may not yield additional value for
stockholders.
In
December 2021, we announced that we had terminated our merger agreement with Biosight. We also announced in December 2021 that we plan
to continue to explore additional options to maximize stockholder value. As such, we are reviewing strategic transactions and alternatives.
However, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in identifying or completing any strategic transactions, that any such
strategic transaction will result in additional value for our stockholders or that the process will not have an adverse impact on our
business. These transactions could include, but are not limited to, collaboration agreements, co-development agreements, strategic mergers,
reverse mergers, the issuance of securities (in addition to this offering) or buyback of public shares, or the purchase, in-license or
out-license or sale of specific assets, in addition to other potential actions aimed at increasing stockholder value. There can be no
assurance that the review of strategic transactions will result in the identification or consummation of any transaction. Our Board of
Directors may also determine that our most effective strategy is to continue to effectuate our current business plan. The process of
reviewing strategic transactions may be time consuming and disruptive to our business operations and, if we are unable to effectively
manage the process, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. We could incur substantial
expenses associated with identifying and evaluating potential strategic alternatives. No decision has been made with respect to any transaction
and we cannot assure you that we will be able to identify and undertake any transaction that allows our shareholders to realize an increase
in the value of their shares of common stock or provide any guidance on the timing of such action, if any.
We
also cannot assure you that any potential strategic transaction or other alternative transaction, if identified, evaluated and consummated,
will provide greater value to our stockholders than that reflected in the current price of the shares of our common stock. Any potential
transaction would be dependent upon a number of factors that may be beyond our control, including, but not limited to, market conditions,
industry trends, the interest of third parties in our business and the availability of financing to potential buyers on reasonable terms.
We do not intend to comment regarding the evaluation of strategic alternatives until such time as our Board of Directors has determined
the outcome of the process or otherwise has deemed that disclosure is appropriate or required by applicable law. As a consequence, perceived
uncertainties related to our future may result in the loss of potential business opportunities and volatility in the market price of
the shares of our common stock and may make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified personnel and business partners.
Risks
Related to Our Business, Industry and Strategy
We
are a clinical stage company.
We
are a clinical stage biotechnology company with a history of losses and can provide no assurance as to future operating results. As a
result of losses that will continue throughout our clinical stage, we may exhaust our financial resources and be unable to complete the
development of our products. We anticipate that we will continue to incur significant operational costs as we execute on our clinical
development strategy. Our deficit will continue to grow during our drug development period.
5
We
have sustained losses from operations in each fiscal year since our inception, and we expect losses to continue for the foreseeable future
due to our substantial investment in research and development. As of January 31, 2022, we had an accumulated deficit of $429.0 million
and stockholders' equity of $38.5 million. We expect to spend substantial additional sums on the continued administration and research
and development of proprietary products and technologies with no certainty that our immunotherapies will become commercially viable or
profitable as a result of these expenditures. If we fail to raise a significant amount of capital, we may need to significantly curtail
operations or cease operations in the near future. If any of our product candidates fail in clinical trials or does not gain regulatory
approval, we may never become profitable. Even if we achieve profitability in the future, we may not be able to sustain profitability
in subsequent periods.
We
are significantly dependent on the success of our Lm Technology platform and our product candidates based on this platform.
We
have invested, and we expect to continue to invest, significant efforts and financial resources in the development of product candidates
based on our
Lm
Technology. Our ability to generate meaningful revenue, which may not occur for the foreseeable future, if ever,
will depend heavily on the successful development, regulatory approval and commercialization of one or more of these product candidates,
and such regulatory approval and commercialization may never occur.
The
successful development of immunotherapies is highly uncertain.
Successful
development of immunotherapies is highly uncertain and is dependent on numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control. Immunotherapies
that appear promising in the early phases of development may fail to reach, or be delayed in reaching, the market for several reasons
including:
●
preclinical
    study results that may show the immunotherapy to be less effective than desired (e.g., the study failed to meet its primary objectives)
    or to have harmful or problematic side effects;
●
clinical
    study results that may show the immunotherapy to be less effective than expected (e.g., the study failed to meet its primary endpoint)
    or to have unacceptable side effects;
●
failure
    to receive the necessary regulatory approvals or a delay in receiving such approvals. Among other things, such delays may be caused
    by slow enrollment in clinical studies, length of time to achieve study endpoints, delays in receiving the necessary products or
    supplies for the conduct of clinical or pre-clinical trials, additional time requirements for data analysis, or Biologics License
    Application preparation, discussions with the FDA, an FDA request for additional preclinical or clinical data, FDA delays in inspecting
    manufacturing establishments, failure to receive FDA approval for manufacturing processes or facilities, or unexpected safety or
    manufacturing issues;
●
manufacturing
    costs, formulation issues, pricing or reimbursement issues, or other factors that make the immunotherapy uneconomical; and
●
the
    proprietary rights of others and their competing products and technologies that may prevent the immunotherapy from being commercialized.
Success
in preclinical and early clinical studies does not ensure that large-scale clinical studies will be successful. Clinical results are
frequently susceptible to varying interpretations that may delay, limit or prevent regulatory approvals. The length of time necessary
to complete clinical studies and to submit an application for marketing approval for a final decision by a regulatory authority varies
significantly from one immunotherapy to the next and may be difficult to predict.
6
Even
if our product candidates are approved, they may be subject to limitations on the indicated uses and populations for which they may be
marketed. They may also be subject to other conditions of approval, may contain significant safety warnings, including boxed warnings,
contraindications, and precautions, may not be approved with label statements necessary or desirable for successful commercialization,
or may contain requirements for costly post-market testing and surveillance, or other requirements, including the submission of a REMS,
to monitor the safety or efficacy of the products. If we do not receive FDA approval for, and successfully commercialize our product
candidates, we will not be able to generate revenue from these product candidates in the United States in the foreseeable future, or
at all. Any significant delays in obtaining approval for and commercializing our product candidates will have a material adverse impact
on our business and financial condition.
We
must rely upon third parties for manufacturing.
We
currently have agreements with third party manufacturing facilities for production of many of our immunotherapies for research and development
and testing purposes. We depend on third-party manufacturers to supply all of our clinical materials, but we do not have direct control
over their personnel or operations. Third-party manufacturers must be able to meet our deadlines as well as adhere to quality standards
and specifications. Our reliance on third parties for the manufacturing of our drug substance, investigational new drugs and, in the
future, any approved products, creates a dependency that could severely disrupt our research and development, our clinical testing, and
ultimately our sales and marketing efforts if the source of such supply proves to be unreliable or unavailable. For instance, manufacturers
may experience unforeseen problems, such as material or personnel shortages, temporary or permanent facility closures, or scale up challenges.
If any contracted manufacturing operation is unreliable or unavailable, we may not be able to manufacture clinical drug supplies of our
immunotherapies, and our preclinical and clinical testing programs may not be able to move forward and our entire business plan could
fail. If we are able to commercialize our products in the future, there is no assurance that any third-party manufacturers will be able
to meet commercialized scale production requirements in a timely manner.
There
is also no guarantee that our third-party manufacturers will be able to manufacture our product candidates in accordance with Good Manufacturing
Practices ("cGMPs"). Poor control of production processes can lead to the introduction of adventitious agents or other contaminants,
or to inadvertent changes in the properties or stability of a product candidate that may not be detectable in final product testing.
If these third-party manufacturers are not able to comply with cGMPs, we may not be able to conduct clinical trials, may need to conduct
additional studies, and may not, eventually, receive and maintain FDA approval for those products. Deviations from manufacturing requirements
may also require remedial measures that may be costly and/or time-consuming for a third party to implement and that may include the temporary
or permanent suspension of a clinical trial or commercial sales or the temporary or permanent closure of a facility. Any such remedial
measures imposed upon or by third parties with whom we contract could materially harm our business. A failure to comply with the applicable
regulatory requirements may also result in regulatory enforcement actions against our manufacturers.
While
we are ultimately responsible for the manufacturing of our product candidates, other than through our contractual arrangements, we have
little control over our manufacturers' compliance with these regulations and standards. If our manufacturers encounter manufacturing
difficulties, including cGMP compliance, we may need to find alternative manufacturing facilities, which we may not be able to on favorable
terms or at all, and which would significantly impact our ability to develop, obtain and maintain regulatory approval for or market our
product candidates, if approved. Any new manufacturers would need to either obtain or develop the necessary manufacturing know-how, and
obtain the necessary equipment and materials, which may take substantial time and investment. We must also receive FDA approval for the
use of any new manufacturers for commercial supply.
If
we are unable to establish, manage or maintain strategic collaborations in the future, our revenue and drug development may be limited.
Our
strategy includes eventual substantial reliance upon strategic collaborations for marketing and commercialization of our clinical product
candidates, and we may rely even more on strategic collaborations for research, development, marketing and commercialization for some
of our immunotherapies. To date, we have been heavily reliant upon third party outsourcing for our clinical trials execution and production
of drug supplies for use in clinical trials. Establishing strategic collaborations is difficult and time-consuming. Our discussions with
potential collaborators may not lead to the establishment of collaborations on favorable terms, if at all. For example, potential collaborators
may reject collaborations based upon their assessment of our financial, clinical, regulatory or intellectual property position. Our current
collaborations, as well as any future new collaborations, may never result in the successful development or commercialization of our
immunotherapies or the generation of sales revenue. To the extent that we have entered or will enter into co-promotion or other collaborative
arrangements, our product revenues are likely to be lower than if we directly marketed and sold any products that we may develop.
7
Management
of our relationships with our collaborators will require:
●
significant
    time and effort from our management team;
●
financial
    funding to support said collaboration;
●
coordination
    of our research and development programs with the research and development priorities of our collaborators; and
●
effective
    allocation of our resources to multiple projects.
If
we continue to enter into research and development collaborations at the early phases of drug development, our success will in part depend
on the performance of our corporate collaborators. We will not directly control the amount or timing of resources devoted by our corporate
collaborators to activities related to our immunotherapies and our collaborations may terminate at any time. Our corporate collaborators
may not commit sufficient resources to our research and development programs or the commercialization, marketing or distribution of our
immunotherapies. If any corporate collaborator fails to commit sufficient resources or terminate their collaborations with us, our preclinical
or clinical development programs related to this collaboration could be delayed or terminated.
Further,
our collaborators may pursue existing or other development-stage products or alternative technologies in preference to those being developed
in collaboration with us. Collaborators may also fail to comply with the applicable regulatory requirements, which may subject them or
us to regulatory enforcement actions. Finally, if we fail to make required milestone or royalty payments to our collaborators or to observe
other obligations in our agreements with them, our collaborators may have the right to terminate those agreements.
Changes
in product candidate manufacturing or formulation may result in additional costs or delay.
In
an effort to optimize processes and results, it is common that various aspects of the development program, such as manufacturing methods,
manufacturing sites, and formulation, are altered as product candidates are developed from preclinical studies to late-stage clinical
trials toward approval and commercialization. Any of these changes could cause our product candidates to perform differently and affect
the results of planned clinical trials or other future clinical trials conducted with the altered materials. Such changes may also require
additional testing, regulatory disclosure, or prior approval from the FDA. For instance, the FDA may require that we conduct a comparability
study that evaluates the potential differences in the product candidate resulting from the change. Delays in designing and completing
such a study to the satisfaction of the FDA could delay or preclude our development and commercialization plans, and the regulatory approval
of our product candidates. It may also require the repetition of one or more clinical trials, increase clinical trial costs, delay approval
of our product candidates and jeopardize our ability to commence product sales and generate revenue. Any of the foregoing could limit
our future revenues and growth. Any changes would also require that we devote time and resources to manufacturing development, including
with third-party manufacturers, and would also likely require additional testing and regulatory actions on our part, which may delay
the development of our product candidates.
We
may incur significant costs complying with environmental laws and regulations.
We
and our contracted third parties use hazardous materials, including chemicals and biological agents and compounds that could be dangerous
to human health and safety or the environment. As appropriate, we store these materials and wastes resulting from their use at our or
our outsourced laboratory facility pending their ultimate use or disposal. We contract with a third party to properly dispose of these
materials and wastes. We are subject to a variety of federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the use, generation, manufacture,
storage, handling and disposal of these materials and wastes. Compliance with such laws and regulations may be costly.
8
Additional
laws and regulations governing international operations could negatively impact or restrict our operations.
If
we further expand our operations outside of the United States, we must dedicate additional resources to comply with numerous laws and
regulations in each jurisdiction in which we plan to operate. The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or FCPA, prohibits any U.S. individual
or business from paying, offering, authorizing payment or offering anything of value, directly or indirectly, to any foreign official,
political party or candidate for the purpose of influencing any act or decision of the foreign entity in order to assist the individual
or business in obtaining or retaining business. The FCPA also obligates companies whose securities are listed in the United States to
comply with certain accounting provisions requiring the company to maintain books and records that accurately and fairly reflect all
transactions of the corporation, including international subsidiaries, and to devise and maintain an adequate system of internal accounting
controls for international operations.
Compliance
with the FCPA is expensive and difficult, particularly in countries in which corruption is a recognized problem. In addition, the FCPA
presents particular challenges in the pharmaceutical industry, because, in many countries, hospitals are operated by the government,
and doctors and other hospital employees are considered foreign officials. Certain payments to hospitals in connection with clinical
trials and other work have been deemed to be improper payments to government officials and have led to FCPA enforcement actions.
Various
laws, regulations and executive orders also restrict the use and dissemination outside of the United States, or the sharing with certain
non-U.S. nationals, of information classified for national security purposes, as well as certain products and technical data relating
to those products. If we expand our presence outside of the United States, it will require us to dedicate additional resources to comply
with these laws, and these laws may preclude us from developing, manufacturing or selling certain products and product candidates outside
of the United States, which could limit our growth potential and increase our development costs.
The
failure to comply with laws governing international business practices may result in substantial civil and criminal penalties and suspension
or debarment from government contracting. The SEC also may suspend or bar issuers from trading securities on U.S. exchanges for violations
of the FCPA's accounting provisions.
We
are subject to certain U.S. and foreign anti-corruption, anti-money laundering, export control, sanctions and other trade laws and regulations.
We can face serious consequences for violations.
Among
other matters, U.S. and foreign anti-corruption, anti-money laundering, export control, sanctions and other trade laws and regulations,
which are collectively referred to as Trade Laws, prohibit companies and their employees, agents, clinical research organizations, legal
counsel, accountants, consultants, contractors and other partners from authorizing, promising, offering, providing, soliciting or receiving,
directly or indirectly, corrupt or improper payments or anything else of value to or from recipients in the public or private sector.
Violations of Trade Laws can result in substantial criminal fines and civil penalties, imprisonment, the loss of trade privileges, debarment,
tax reassessments, breach of contract and fraud litigation, exclusion from public tenders, reputational harm and other consequences.
We have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or government-affiliated hospitals, universities
and other organizations. We plan to engage third parties for clinical trials and/or to obtain necessary permits, licenses, patent registrations
and other regulatory approvals and we can be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of our personnel, agents or partners,
even if we do not explicitly authorize or have prior knowledge of such activities.
If
we use biological materials in a manner that causes injury, we may be liable for damages.
Our
research and development activities involve the use of biological and hazardous materials. Although we believe our safety procedures
for handling and disposing of these materials complies with federal, state and local laws and regulations, we cannot entirely eliminate
the risk of accidental injury or contamination from the use, storage, handling or disposal of these materials. We do not carry specific
biological waste or pollution liability or remediation insurance coverage, nor do our workers' compensation, general liability,
and property and casualty insurance policies provide coverage for damages and fines/penalties arising from biological exposure or contamination.
Accordingly, in the event of contamination or injury, we could be held liable for damages or penalized with fines in an amount exceeding
our resources, and our clinical trials or regulatory approvals could be suspended or terminated.
9
We
need to attract and retain highly skilled personnel; we may be unable to effectively manage growth with our limited resources.
As
of April 30, 2022, we had 15 employees, 14 of which were full time employees. Our ability to attract and retain highly skilled personnel
is critical to our operations and expansion. We face competition for these types of personnel from other technology companies and more
established organizations, many of which have significantly larger operations and greater financial, technical, human and other resources
than we have. We may not be successful in attracting and retaining qualified personnel on a timely basis, on competitive terms, or at
all. If we are not successful in attracting and retaining these personnel, or integrating them into our operations, our business, prospects,
financial condition and results of operations will be materially adversely affected. In such circumstances we may be unable to conduct
certain research and development programs, unable to adequately manage our clinical trials and other products, unable to commercialize
any products, and unable to adequately address our management needs.
We
depend upon our senior management and key consultants and their loss or unavailability could put us at a competitive disadvantage.
We
depend upon the efforts and abilities of our senior executives, as well as the services of several key consultants. The loss or unavailability
of the services of any of these individuals for any significant period of time could have a material adverse effect on our business,
prospects, financial condition and results of operations. We have not obtained, do not own, nor are we the beneficiary of, key-person
life insurance.
The
biotechnology and immunotherapy industries are characterized by rapid technological developments and a high degree of competition. We
may be unable to compete with more substantial enterprises.
The
biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries are characterized by rapid technological developments and a high degree of competition.
As a result, our actual or proposed immunotherapies could become obsolete before we recoup any portion of our related research and development
and commercialization expenses. Competition in the biopharmaceutical industry is based significantly on scientific and technological
factors. These factors include the availability of patent and other protection for technology and products, the ability to commercialize
technological developments and the ability to obtain governmental approval for testing, manufacturing and marketing. We compete with
specialized biopharmaceutical firms in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, as well as a growing number of large pharmaceutical companies
that are applying biotechnology to their operations. Many biopharmaceutical companies have focused their development efforts in the human
therapeutics area, including cancer. Many major pharmaceutical companies have developed or acquired internal biotechnology capabilities
or made commercial arrangements with other biopharmaceutical companies. These companies, as well as academic institutions and governmental
agencies and private research organizations, also compete with us in recruiting and retaining highly qualified scientific personnel and
consultants. Our ability to compete successfully with other companies in the pharmaceutical field will also depend to a considerable
degree on the continuing availability of capital to us.
We
are aware of certain investigational new products under development or approved products by competitors that are used for the prevention,
diagnosis, or treatment of certain diseases we have targeted for product development. Various companies are developing biopharmaceutical
products that have the potential to directly compete with our immunotherapies even though their approach may be different. The biotechnology
and biopharmaceutical industries are highly competitive, and this competition comes from both biotechnology firms and major pharmaceutical
companies, including companies like: Gritstone, Moderna, BMS, Merck and Neon Therapeutics, among others, each of which is pursuing cancer
vaccines and/or immunotherapies. Many of these companies have substantially greater financial, marketing, and human resources than we
do (including, in some cases, substantially greater experience in clinical testing, manufacturing, and marketing of pharmaceutical products).
We also experience competition in the development of our immunotherapies from universities and other research institutions and compete
with others in acquiring technology from such universities and institutions.
In
addition, certain of our immunotherapies may be subject to competition from investigational new drugs and/or products developed using
other technologies, some of which have completed numerous clinical trials.
10
A
global health crisis such as a pandemic, epidemic or outbreak of an infectious disease, such as the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19"),
may materially and adversely affect our business and operations.
The
COVID-19 pandemic is affecting the United States and global economies and has affected, and may continue to affect, our operations and
those of third parties on which we rely, including by causing disruptions in our raw material supply and the manufacturing of our product
candidates. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the operations of the FDA and other health authorities, which can result
in delays of reviews and approvals, including with respect to our product candidates. The evolving COVID-19 pandemic has, and may continue
to, directly or indirectly affect the pace of enrollment in our clinical trials as patients may avoid or may not be able to travel to
healthcare facilities and physicians' offices unless due to a health emergency and clinical trial staff can no longer get to the
clinic. Additionally, such facilities and offices have been and may continue to be required to focus limited resources on non-clinical
trial matters, including treatment of COVID-19 patients, thereby decreasing availability, in whole or in part, for clinical trial services.
In addition, employee disruptions and remote working environments related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the federal, state and local responses
to such virus, could materially affect the efficiency and pace with which we work and develop our product candidates and the manufacturing
of our product candidates. In addition, COVID-19 infection of our workforce could result in a temporary disruption in our business activities,
including manufacturing and other functions. Further, while the potential economic impact brought by, and the duration of, the COVID-19
pandemic is difficult to assess or predict, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global financial markets may reduce our ability
to access capital, which could negatively affect our short-term and long-term liquidity. Additionally, the stock market has been unusually
volatile during the COVID-19 outbreak and such volatility may continue. The ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is highly uncertain
and subject to change. We do not yet know the full extent of potential delays or impacts on our business, financing or clinical trial
activities, or on healthcare systems or the global economy as a whole. However, these effects could have a material impact on our liquidity,
capital resources, operations and business and those of the third parties on which we rely.
Risks
Related to Russia – Ukraine
We
are currently operating in a period of economic uncertainty and capital markets disruption, which has been significantly impacted by
geopolitical instability due to the ongoing military conflict between Russia and Ukraine. Our business, financial condition and results
of operations could be materially adversely affected by any negative impact on the global economy and capital markets resulting from
the conflict in Ukraine or any other geopolitical tensions.
U.S.
and global markets are experiencing volatility and disruption following the escalation of geopolitical tensions and the start of the
military conflict between Russia and Ukraine. On February 24, 2022, a full-scale military invasion of Ukraine by Russian troops was reported.
Although the length and impact of the ongoing military conflict is highly unpredictable, the conflict in Ukraine could lead to market
disruptions, including significant volatility in commodity prices, credit and capital markets, as well as supply chain interruptions.
We are continuing to monitor the situation in Ukraine and globally and assessing its potential impact on our business.
Additionally,
the recent military conflict in Ukraine has led to sanctions and other penalties being levied by the United States, European Union and
other countries against Russia and Russian nationals. Additional potential sanctions and penalties have also been proposed or threatened.
Russian military actions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect the global economy and financial markets and lead to instability
and lack of liquidity in capital markets, potentially making it more difficult for us to raise additional financing.
Although
our business has not been materially impacted by the ongoing military conflict between Russia and Ukraine to date, it is impossible to
predict the extent to which our operations, or those of our suppliers and manufacturers, will be impacted in the short and long term,
or the ways in which the conflict may impact our business. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market
disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial. Any such disruptions may also magnify the impact of other risks described
in this prospectus.
11
Risks
Related to the Development and Regulatory Approval of Our Product Candidates
We
can provide no assurance that our clinical product candidates will obtain regulatory approval or that the results of clinical studies
will be favorable.
We
are currently evaluating the safety and efficacy of our product candidates in clinical trials. However, even though the initiation and
conduct of the clinical trials is in accordance with the governing regulatory authorities in each country, as with any investigational
new drug (under an IND in the United States, or the equivalent in countries outside of the United States), we are at risk of a clinical
hold at any time based on the evaluation of the data and information submitted to the governing regulatory authorities.
There
can be delays in obtaining FDA and/or other necessary regulatory approvals in the United States and in countries outside the United States
for any investigational new drug and failure to receive such approvals would have an adverse effect on the investigational new drug's
potential commercial success and on our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations. The time required to obtain
approval by the FDA and non-U.S. regulatory authorities is unpredictable but typically takes many years following the commencement of
clinical trials and depends upon numerous factors, including the substantial discretion of the regulatory authorities. For example, the
FDA or non-U.S. regulatory authorities may disagree with the design or implementation of our clinical trials or study endpoints; or we
may be unable to demonstrate that a product candidate's clinical and other benefits outweigh its safety risks. In addition, the
FDA or non-U.S. regulatory authorities may disagree with our interpretation of data from preclinical studies or clinical trials or the
data collected from clinical trials of our product candidates may not be sufficient to support the submission of a BLA or New Drug Application,
or NDA or other submission or to obtain regulatory approval in the United States or elsewhere. The FDA or non-U.S. regulatory authorities
may fail to approve the manufacturing processes or facilities of third-party manufacturers with which we contract for clinical and commercial
supplies; and the approval policies or regulations of the FDA or non-U.S. regulatory authorities may significantly change in a manner
rendering our clinical data insufficient for approval.
In
addition to the foregoing, approval policies, regulations, or the type and amount of clinical data necessary to gain approval may change
during the course of a product candidate's clinical development and may vary among jurisdictions. We have not submitted for nor
obtained regulatory approval for any product candidate in-humans (US & EU) and it is possible that none of our existing product candidates
or any product candidates we may seek to develop in the future will ever obtain regulatory approval.
Drug
discovery and development is a complex, time-consuming and expensive process that is fraught with risk and a high rate of failure.
Product
candidates are subject to extensive pre-clinical testing and clinical trials to demonstrate their safety and efficacy in humans. Conducting
pre-clinical testing and clinical trials is a lengthy, time-consuming and expensive process that takes many years. We cannot be sure
that pre-clinical testing or clinical trials of any of our product candidates will demonstrate the safety, efficacy and benefit-to-risk
profile necessary to obtain marketing approvals. In addition, product candidates that experience success in pre-clinical testing and
early-stage clinical trials will not necessarily experience the same success in larger or late-stage clinical trials, which are required
for marketing approval.
Even
if we are successful in advancing a product candidate into the clinical development stage, before obtaining regulatory and marketing
approvals, we must demonstrate through extensive human clinical trials that the product candidate is safe and effective for its intended
use. Human clinical trials must be carried out under protocols that are acceptable to regulatory authorities and to the independent committees
responsible for the ethical review of clinical studies. There may be delays in preparing protocols or receiving approval for them that
may delay the start or completion of the clinical trials. In addition, clinical practices vary globally, and there is a lack of harmonization
among the guidance provided by various regulatory bodies of different regions and countries with respect to the data that is required
to receive marketing approval, which makes designing global trials increasingly complex. There are a number of additional factors that
may cause our clinical trials to be delayed, prematurely terminated or deemed inadequate to support regulatory approval, such as:
●
safety
    issues up to and including patient death (whether arising with respect to trials by third parties for compounds in a similar class
    as tour product or product candidate), inadequate efficacy, or an unacceptable risk-benefit profile observed at any point during
    or after completion of the trials;
●
slower
    than expected rates of patient enrollment, which could be due to any number of factors, including failure of our third-party vendors,
    including our CROs, to effectively perform their obligations to us, a lack of patients who meet the enrollment criteria or competition
    from clinical trials in similar product classes or patient populations, or onerous treatment administration requirements;
12
●
subjects
    may drop out of our clinical trials, be lost to follow-up at a higher rate than we anticipate, or not comply with the required clinical
    trial procedures;
●
we
    may experience delays in reaching, or fail to reach, agreement on acceptable clinical trial contracts or clinical trial protocols
    with prospective trial sites and our CROs;
●
the
    cost of clinical trials may be greater than we anticipate or we may have insufficient funds for a clinical trial or to pay the substantial
    FDA user fees;
●
the
    FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities may disagree with our study design, including endpoints, our intended indications,
    or our interpretation of data;
●
the
    risk of failure of our clinical investigational sites and related facilities, including our suppliers and CROs, to maintain compliance
    with the FDA's cGMP and GCP regulations or similar regulations in countries outside of the U.S., including the risk that these
    sites fail to pass inspections by the appropriate governmental authority, which could invalidate the data collected at that site
    or place the entire clinical trial at risk;
●
any
    inability to reach agreement or lengthy discussions with the FDA, equivalent regulatory authorities, or ethical review committees
    on trial design that we are able to execute or we may be required to modify our trial design such that studies are impracticable;
●
regulators
    may require us to perform additional or unanticipated clinical trials to obtain approval or we may be subject to additional post-marketing
    testing, surveillance, or REMS requirements to maintain regulatory approval;
●
FDA
    refusal to accept the data from foreign clinical trial sites, to the extent we use such sites;
●
changes
    in laws, regulations, regulatory policy or clinical practices, especially if they occur during ongoing clinical trials or shortly
    after completion of such trials; and
●
clinical
    trial record keeping or data quality and accuracy issues.
Any
deficiency in the design, implementation or oversight of our development programs could cause us to incur significant additional costs,
conduct additional trials, experience significant delays, prevent us from obtaining marketing approval for any product candidate or abandon
development of certain product candidates, any of which could harm our business and cause our stock price to decline.
We
may face legal claims; legal disputes are expensive and we may not be able to afford the costs.
We
may face legal claims involving stockholders, consumers, clinical trial subjects, competitors, regulators and other parties. As described
 in the section entitled "
Business – Legal Proceedings
" of this prospectus,
we are engaged in legal proceedings. Litigation and other legal proceedings are inherently uncertain, and adverse rulings could occur,
including monetary damages, or an injunction stopping us from engaging in business practices, or requiring other remedies, including,
but not limited to, compulsory licensing of patents.
The
costs of litigation or any proceeding, including, but not limited to, those relating to our intellectual property or contractual rights,
could be substantial, even if resolved in our favor. Some of our competitors or financial funding sources have far greater resources
than we do and may be better able to afford the costs of complex litigation. Also, a lawsuit, even if frivolous, will require considerable
time commitments on the part of management, our attorneys and consultants. Defending these types of proceedings or legal actions involve
considerable expense and could negatively affect our financial results. Legal claims may also adversely impact us in other ways, such
as the withdrawal or slower enrollment in or from our clinical trials, regulatory enforcement actions, and negative media attention,
any of which could materially and negatively harm us and our operations.
13
We
can provide no assurance of the successful and timely development of new products.
Our
immunotherapies are at various stages of development. Further development and extensive testing will be required to determine their technical
feasibility and commercial viability. We will need to complete significant additional clinical trials demonstrating that our product
candidates are safe and effective to the satisfaction of the FDA and other non-U.S. regulatory authorities. The drug approval process
is time-consuming, involves substantial expenditures of resources, and depends upon a number of factors, including the severity of the
illness in question, the availability of alternative treatments, and the risks and benefits demonstrated in the clinical trials. Our
success will depend on our ability to achieve scientific and technological advances and to translate such advances into licensable, FDA-approvable,
commercially competitive products on a timely basis. Failure can occur at any stage of the process. If such programs are not successful,
we may invest substantial amounts of time and money without developing revenue-producing products. As we enter a more extensive clinical
program for our product candidates, the data generated in these studies may not be as compelling as the earlier results.
The
proposed development schedules for our immunotherapies may be affected by a variety of factors, including technological difficulties,
clinical trial failures, regulatory hurdles, clinical holds, competitive products, intellectual property challenges and/or changes in
governmental regulation, many of which will not be within our control. Any delay in the development, introduction or marketing of our
products could result either in such products being marketed at a time when their cost and performance characteristics would not be competitive
in the marketplace or in the shortening of their commercial lives. In light of the long-term nature of our projects, the unproven technology
involved and the other factors described elsewhere in this section, there can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully complete
the development or marketing of any new products which could materially harm our business, results of operations and prospects.
Our
research and development expenses are subject to uncertainty.
Factors
affecting our research and development expenses include, but are not limited to:
●
competition
    from companies that have substantially greater assets and financial resources than we have;
●
need
    for market acceptance of our immunotherapies if we receive regulatory approval;
●
ability
    to anticipate and adapt to a competitive market and rapid technological developments;
●
ability
    to raise sufficient capital to fund our research and development activities;
●
amount
    and timing of operating costs and capital expenditures relating to expansion of our business, operations and infrastructure;
●
need
    to rely on multiple levels of outside funding due to the length of drug development cycles and governmental approved protocols associated
    with the pharmaceutical industry; and
●
dependence
    upon key personnel including key independent consultants and advisors.
There
can be no guarantee that our research and development expenses will be consistent from period to period. We may be required to accelerate
or delay incurring certain expenses depending on the results of our studies and the availability of adequate funding.
14
We
may be required to suspend or discontinue clinical trials for a number of reasons, which could preclude approval of any of our product
candidates.
Our
clinical trials may be suspended at any time for a number of reasons. A clinical trial may be suspended or terminated by us, an IRB,
the FDA or other regulatory authorities due to a failure to conduct the clinical trial in accordance with regulatory requirements or
our clinical protocols, presentation or identification of unforeseen safety signals or issues, failure to demonstrate a benefit from
using the investigational drug, changes in governmental regulations or administrative actions, lack of adequate funding to continue the
clinical trial, or for other business-related reasons. For example, in June 2019, we announced that we were closing our AIM2CERV Phase
3 clinical trial with AXAL in cervical cancer due to the delays we incurred as a result of the recent FDA partial clinical hold on the
trial, as well as the estimated cost and time to completion of the trial. Furthermore, the Company has completed the clinical study report
from Part A of the ADXS-NEO study and plans to close its ADXS-NEO program IND as next step. In addition, clinical trials for our product
candidates could be suspended due to adverse side effects. Drug-related side effects could affect patient recruitment or the ability
of enrolled patients to complete the trial or result in potential product liability claims. We may also voluntarily suspend or terminate
our clinical trials if at any time we believe that they present an unacceptable risk to patients or do not demonstrate clinical benefit.
If we elect or are forced to suspend or terminate any clinical trial of any product candidates that we develop, the commercial prospects
of such product candidates will be harmed and our ability to generate product revenues from any of these product candidates will be delayed
or eliminated. Any of these occurrences may significantly harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
Preliminary
or interim results of a clinical trial are not necessarily predictive of future or final results.
Interim
or preliminary data from clinical trials that we may conduct may not be indicative of the final results of the trial and are subject
to the risk that one or more of the clinical outcomes may materially change as patient enrollment continues and more patient data become
available. Interim or preliminary data also remain subject to audit and verification procedures that may result in the final data being
materially different from the interim or preliminary data. As a result, interim or preliminary data should be viewed with caution until
the final data are available. Even if our clinical trials are completed as planned, we cannot be certain that their results will support
our proposed indications.
We
are subject to numerous risks inherent in conducting clinical trials.
We
outsource the management of our clinical trials to third parties. Agreements with CROs, clinical investigators and medical institutions
for clinical testing and data management services, place substantial responsibilities on these parties that, if unmet, could result in
delays in, or termination of, our clinical trials. For example, if any of our clinical trial sites or CROs fail to comply with FDA-approved
good clinical practices, we may be unable to use the data gathered at those sites. If these clinical investigators, medical institutions
or other third parties do not carry out their contractual duties or regulatory obligations or fail to meet expected deadlines, or if
the quality or accuracy of the clinical data they obtain is compromised due to their failure to adhere to our clinical protocols or for
other reasons, our clinical trials may be extended, delayed or terminated, and we may be unable to obtain regulatory approval for, or
successfully commercialize, our agents. We are not certain that we will successfully recruit enough patients to complete our clinical
trials nor that we will reach our primary endpoints. Delays in recruitment, lack of clinical benefit or unacceptable side effects would
delay or prevent the initiation of future development of our agents.
While
we have agreements governing the activities of such third parties and are responsible for our third party service provider's activities
and regulatory compliance, we have limited influence and control over their actual performance and activities and cannot control whether
or not they devote sufficient time and resources to our ongoing clinical, non-clinical, and preclinical programs and cannot control whether
they maintain regulatory compliance. Our third-party service providers may also have relationships with other entities, some of which
may be our competitors, for whom they may also be conducting trials or other therapeutic development activities that could harm our competitive
position.
Agreements
with third parties conducting or otherwise assisting with our clinical or preclinical studies might terminate for a variety of reasons,
including a failure to perform by the third parties. If any of our relationships with these third parties terminate, we may not be able
to enter into arrangements with alternative providers or to do so on commercially reasonable terms. Switching or adding additional third
parties involves additional cost and requires management time and focus. In addition, there is a natural transition period when a new
third party commences work. As a result, if we need to enter into alternative arrangements, it could delay our product development activities
and adversely affect our business. Though we carefully manage our relationships with our third parties, there can be no assurance that
we will not encounter challenges or delays in the future or that these delays or challenges will not have a material adverse impact on
our business, financial condition and prospects, and results of operations.
15
We
or our regulators may suspend or terminate our clinical trials for a number of reasons. We may voluntarily suspend or terminate our clinical
trials if at any time we believe they present an unacceptable risk to the patients enrolled in our clinical trials or do not demonstrate
clinical benefit. In addition, regulatory agencies may order the temporary or permanent discontinuation of our clinical trials, or place
our products on temporary or permanent hold, at any time if they believe that the clinical trials are not being conducted in accordance
with applicable regulatory requirements or that they present an unacceptable safety risk to the patients enrolled in our clinical trials.
Our
clinical trial operations are subject to regulatory inspections at any time. If regulatory inspectors conclude that we or our clinical
trial sites are not in compliance with applicable regulatory requirements for conducting clinical trials, we may receive reports of observations
or warning letters detailing deficiencies, and we will be required to implement corrective actions. If regulatory agencies deem our responses
to be inadequate or are dissatisfied with the corrective actions we or our clinical trial sites have implemented, our clinical trials
may be temporarily or permanently discontinued, we may be fined, we or our investigators may be precluded from conducting any ongoing
or any future clinical trials, the government may refuse to approve our marketing applications or allow us to manufacture or market our
products, and we may be criminally prosecuted.
The
lengthy approval process as well as the unpredictability of future clinical trial results may result in our failing to obtain regulatory
approval for our product candidates, which would materially harm our business, results of operations and prospects.
Our
employees, independent contractors, consultants, commercial partners, principal investigators, or CROs may engage in misconduct or other
improper activities, including noncompliance with regulatory standards and requirements, which could have a material adverse effect on
our business.
We
are exposed to the risk of employee and third-party fraud or other misconduct. Misconduct by employees, independent contractors, consultants,
commercial partners, manufacturers, investigators, or CROs could include intentional, reckless, negligent, or unintentional failures
to comply with FDA regulations, comply with applicable fraud and abuse laws, provide accurate information to the FDA, properly calculate
pricing information required by federal programs, comply with federal procurement rules or contract terms, report financial information
or data accurately or disclose unauthorized activities to us. This misconduct could also involve the improper use or misrepresentation
of information obtained in the course of clinical trials, which could result in regulatory sanctions and serious harm to our reputation.
It is not always possible to identify and deter this type of misconduct, and the precautions we take to detect and prevent this activity
may not be effective in controlling unknown or unmanaged risks or losses or in protecting us from governmental investigations or other
actions or lawsuits stemming from a failure to be in compliance with such laws or regulations. Moreover, it is possible for a whistleblower
to pursue a False Claims Act case against us even if the government considers the claim unmeritorious and declines to intervene, which
could require us to incur costs defending against such a claim. Further, due to the risk that a judgment in an FCA case could result
in exclusion from federal health programs or debarment from government contracts, whistleblower cases often result in large settlements.
If any such actions are instituted against us, and we are not successful in defending ourselves or asserting our rights, those actions
could have a significant impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations, including the imposition of significant
fines or other sanctions.
We
must comply with significant government regulations.
The
research and development, manufacturing and marketing of human therapeutic and diagnostic products are subject to regulation, primarily
by the FDA in the United States and by comparable authorities in other countries. These national agencies and other federal, state, local
and foreign entities regulate, among other things, research and development activities (including testing in animals and in humans) and
the testing, manufacturing, handling, labeling, storage, record keeping, approval, distribution, advertising and promotion of the products
that we are developing. If we obtain approval for any of our product candidates, our operations will be directly or indirectly through
our customers, subject to various federal and state fraud and abuse laws, including, without limitation, the federal Anti-Kickback Statue
and the federal False Claims Act, and privacy laws. We, our product candidates, and our products, if we receive marketing approval are
and will continue to be subject to extensive governmental regulation and regulatory authorities do and will continue to closely monitor
our and our contractor's compliance through, among other methods, inspections. Noncompliance with applicable laws and requirements
can result in various adverse consequences and regulatory enforcement actions, including delay in approving or refusal to approve product
licenses or other applications, suspension or termination of clinical investigations, revocation of approvals previously granted, fines,
criminal prosecution, civil and criminal penalties, restitution or disgorgement of profits, recall or seizure of products, exclusion
from having our products reimbursed by federal health care programs, the curtailment or restructuring of our operations, corporate integrity
agreements or consent decrees, refusal to permit product import or export, modifications to labeling or promotional materials, issuance
of corrective information, regulatory authority public statements, warning, untitled, or cyber letters, requirements for post-market
studies or REMS, injunctions against shipping products and total or partial suspension of production and/or refusal to allow a company
to enter into governmental supply contracts. Any of these events could prevent us from achieving or maintaining product approval and
market acceptance of the particular product candidate, if approved, or could substantially increase the costs and expenses of developing
and commercializing such product, which in turn could delay or prevent us from generating significant revenues from its sale. Any of
these events could further have other material and adverse effects on our operations and business and could adversely impact our stock
price and could significantly harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
16
The
process of obtaining requisite FDA approval has historically been costly and time-consuming. Current FDA requirements for a new human
biological product to be marketed in the United States include: (1) the successful conclusion of preclinical laboratory and animal tests,
if appropriate, to gain preliminary information on the product's safety; (2) filing with the FDA of an IND to conduct human clinical
trials for drugs or biologics; (3) the successful completion of adequate and well-controlled human clinical trials to establish the safety
and efficacy of the investigational new drug for its recommended use; and (4) filing by a company and acceptance and approval by the
FDA of a BLA for marketing approval of a biologic, to allow commercial distribution of a biologic product. The FDA also requires that
any drug or formulation to be tested in humans be manufactured in accordance with its cGMP regulations. This has been extended to include
any drug that will be tested for safety in animals in support of human testing. The cGMPs set certain minimum requirements for procedures,
record-keeping and the physical characteristics of the laboratories used in the production of these drugs. A delay in one or more of
the procedural steps outlined above could be harmful to us in terms of getting our immunotherapies through clinical testing and to market.
We
may not obtain or maintain the benefits associated with orphan drug designation, including market exclusivity.
Although
we have been granted FDA orphan drug designation for AXAL for use in the treatment of anal cancer, HPV-associated head and neck cancer,
Stage II-IV invasive cervical cancer and for ADXS-HER2 for the treatment of osteosarcoma in the United States, as well as EMA orphan
drug designation for AXAL for the treatment of anal cancer and for ADXS-HER2 for the treatment of osteosarcoma in the EU, we may not
receive the benefits associated with orphan drug designation. This may result from a failure to maintain orphan drug status or result
from a competing product reaching the market that has an orphan designation for the same disease indication. Moreover, while orphan drug
designation does provide us with certain advantages, it neither shortens the development time or regulatory review time of a product
candidate nor gives the product candidate any advantage in the regulatory review or approval process.
Under
U.S. rules for orphan drugs, if such a competing product reaches the market before ours does, if such product is considered by FDA to
be the same as ours, and if such product is intended for the same orphan indication, the competing product could potentially obtain a
scope of market exclusivity that limits or precludes our product from being sold in the United States for seven years unless we can demonstrate
that our product is clinically superior. Even if we obtain exclusivity, the FDA could subsequently approve the same drug for the same
condition if the FDA concludes that the later drug is clinically superior to ours in that it is shown to be safer, more effective or
makes a major contribution to patient care. A competitor also may receive approval of different products for the same indication for
which our orphan product has exclusivity or obtain approval for the same product but for a different indication for which the orphan
product has exclusivity. Moreover, we may not be able to maintain our orphan drug designation or exclusivity and our product candidates
would not be eligible for exclusivity if the approved indication is broader than the orphan drug designation.
In
addition, if and when we request orphan drug designation in Europe, the European exclusivity period is ten years but can be reduced to
six years if the drug no longer meets the criteria for orphan drug designation or if the drug is sufficiently profitable so that market
exclusivity is no longer justified. Orphan drug exclusivity may be lost if the FDA or EMEA determines that the request for designation
was materially defective or if the manufacturer is unable to assure sufficient quantity of the drug to meet the needs of patients with
the rare disease or condition.
17
We
may incur substantial liabilities from any product liability claims if our insurance coverage for those claims is inadequate.
We
face an inherent risk of product liability exposure related to the testing of our immunotherapies in human clinical trials and will face
an even greater risk if the approved products are sold commercially. An individual may bring a liability claim against us if one of the
immunotherapies causes, or merely appears to have caused, an injury. If we cannot successfully defend ourselves against the product liability
claim, we will incur substantial liabilities. Regardless of merit or eventual outcome, liability claims may result in:
●
decreased
    demand for our immunotherapies;
●
damage
    to our reputation;
●
withdrawal
    of clinical trial participants;
●
costs
    of related litigation;
●
substantial
    monetary awards to patients or other claimants;
●
loss
    of revenues;
●
the
    inability to commercialize immunotherapies; and
●
increased
    difficulty in raising required additional funds in the private and public capital markets.
We
have Product Liability and Clinical Trial Liability insurance coverage for each clinical trial. We do not have product liability insurance
for sold commercial products because we do not have products on the market. We plan to expand such coverage to include the sale of commercial
products if marketing approval is obtained for any of our immunotherapies. However, insurance coverage is increasingly expensive and
we may not be able to maintain insurance coverage at a reasonable cost. Further, we may not be able to obtain insurance coverage that
will be adequate to satisfy any liability that may arise.
We
may not receive Fast Track Designation, Breakthrough Therapy Designation or any other designation that we may apply for from the FDA
and, if granted, such designations may not actually lead to a faster development or regulatory review or approval process.
The
FDA has granted Fast Track Designation for AXAL for adjuvant therapy for high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer patients, and has
granted Fast Track Designation for ADXS-HER2 for patients with newly-diagnosed, non-metastatic, surgically-resectable osteosarcoma. We
may seek Breakthrough Therapy Designation for our product candidates or Fast Track Designation for certain of our other product candidates.
There is no guarantee, however, that we will be able to obtain or maintain such designations.
The
FDA has broad discretion whether or not to grant any special designation, so even if we believe one of our product candidates is eligible
for this designation, we cannot assure you that the FDA would decide to grant it. Additionally, even if we do receive a special designation,
we may not experience a faster development process, review or approval compared to conventional FDA procedures. The FDA may also withdraw
the designation if it believes that the designation is no longer supported by data from our clinical development program.
18
The
results of clinical trials conducted at clinical trial sites outside the United States might not be accepted by the FDA, and data developed
outside of a foreign jurisdiction similarly might not be accepted by such foreign regulatory authority.
Some
of the clinical trials for our product candidates that are being or will be conducted through our partnerships and collaborations may
be conducted outside the United States, and we intend in the future to conduct additional clinical trials outside the United States.
Although the FDA, European Medicines Agency ("EMA") or comparable foreign regulatory authorities may accept data from clinical
trials conducted outside the relevant jurisdiction, acceptance of these data is subject to certain conditions. For example, the FDA requires
that the clinical trial must be well designed and conducted and performed by qualified investigators in accordance with ethical principles
such as IRB or ethics committee approval and informed consent, the trial population must adequately represent the U.S. population, and
the data must be applicable to the U.S. population and U.S. medical practice in ways that the FDA deems clinically meaningful. In addition,
while these clinical trials are subject to the applicable local laws, acceptance of the data by the FDA will be dependent upon its determination
that the trials were conducted consistent with all applicable U.S. laws and regulations. There can be no assurance that the FDA will
accept data from trials conducted outside of the United States as adequate support of a marketing application. Similarly, we must also
ensure that any data submitted to foreign regulatory authorities adheres to their standards and requirements for clinical trials and
there can be no assurance a comparable foreign regulatory authority would accept data from trials conducted outside of its jurisdiction.
Our
relationships with healthcare providers and physicians and third-party payors will be subject to applicable anti-kickback, fraud and
abuse and other healthcare laws and regulations, which could expose us to criminal sanctions, civil penalties, contractual damages, reputational
harm and diminished profits and future earnings.
Healthcare
providers, physicians and third-party payors in the United States and elsewhere play a primary role in the recommendation and prescription
of pharmaceutical products. Arrangements with third-party payors and customers can expose pharmaceutical manufacturers to broadly applicable
fraud and abuse and other healthcare laws and regulations, including, without limitation, the federal Anti-Kickback Statute and the federal
False Claims Act, or FCA, which may constrain the business or financial arrangements and relationships through which such companies sell,
market and distribute pharmaceutical products. In particular, the research of our product candidates, as well as the promotion, sales
and marketing of healthcare items and services, as well as certain business arrangements in the healthcare industry, are subject to extensive
laws designed to prevent fraud, kickbacks, self-dealing and other abusive practices. These laws and regulations may restrict or prohibit
a wide range of pricing, discounting, marketing and promotion, structuring and commission(s), certain customer incentive programs and
other business arrangements generally. Activities subject to these laws also involve the improper use of information obtained in the
course of patient recruitment for clinical trials. The applicable federal, state and foreign healthcare laws and regulations that may
affect our ability to operate include, but are not limited to:
●
the
    federal Anti-Kickback Statute, which prohibits, among other things, knowingly and willfully soliciting, receiving, offering or paying
    any remuneration (including any kickback, bribe or rebate), directly or indirectly, overtly or covertly, in cash or in kind, to induce,
    or in return for, either the referral of an individual, or the purchase, lease, order or recommendation of any good, facility, item
    or service for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under a federal healthcare program, such as the Medicare and Medicaid
    programs. A person or entity can be found guilty of violating the statute without actual knowledge of the statute or specific intent
    to violate it. In addition, a claim including items or services resulting from a violation of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute constitutes
    a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the FCA. The Anti-Kickback Statute has been interpreted to apply to arrangements between
    pharmaceutical manufacturers on the one hand and prescribers, purchasers, and formulary managers on the other. There are a number
    of statutory exceptions and regulatory safe harbors protecting some common activities from prosecution;
●
the
    federal civil and criminal false claims laws and civil monetary penalty laws, including the FCA, which prohibit, among other things,
    individuals or entities from knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, false or fraudulent claims for payment to, or approval
    by Medicare, Medicaid or other federal healthcare programs, knowingly making, using or causing to be made or used a false record
    or statement material to a false or fraudulent claim or an obligation to pay or transmit money to the federal government, or knowingly
    concealing or knowingly and improperly avoiding or decreasing or concealing an obligation to pay money to the federal government.
    Manufacturers can be held liable under the FCA even when they do not submit claims directly to government payors if they are deemed
    to "cause" the submission of false or fraudulent claims. The government may deem manufacturers to have "caused"
    the submission of false or fraudulent claims by, for example, providing inaccurate billing or coding information to customers or
    promoting a product off-label. The FCA also permits a private individual acting as a "whistleblower" to bring actions
    on behalf of the federal government alleging violations of the FCA and to share in any monetary recovery;
19
●
the
    federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, or HIPAA, which created additional federal criminal statutes
    that prohibit knowingly and willfully executing, or attempting to execute, a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program or
    obtain, by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises, any of the money or property owned by, or under the
    custody or control of, any healthcare benefit program, regardless of the payor (e.g., public or private) and knowingly and willfully
    falsifying, concealing or covering up by any trick or device a material fact or making any materially false statements in connection
    with the delivery of, or payment for, healthcare benefits, items or services relating to healthcare matters. Similar to the federal
    Anti-Kickback Statute, a person or entity can be found guilty of violating HIPAA without actual knowledge of the statute or specific
    intent to violate it;
●
HIPAA,
    as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009, or HITECH, and their respective implementing
    regulations, which impose, among other things, requirements on certain healthcare providers, health plans and healthcare clearinghouses,
    known as covered entities, as well as their respective business associates, independent contractors that perform services for covered
    entities that involve the use, or disclosure of, individually identifiable health information, relating to the privacy, security
    and transmission of individually identifiable health information. HITECH also created new tiers of civil monetary penalties, amended
    HIPAA to make civil and criminal penalties directly applicable to business associates, and gave state attorneys general new authority
    to file civil actions for damages or injunctions in federal courts to enforce the federal HIPAA laws and seek attorneys' fees
    and costs associated with pursuing federal civil actions;
●
the
    federal Physician Payments Sunshine Act, created under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended, or ACA, and its
    implementing regulations, which require some manufacturers of drugs, devices, biologicals and medical supplies for which payment
    is available under Medicare, Medicaid or the Children's Health Insurance Program (with certain exceptions) to report annually
    to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, or CMS, of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or HHS, information
    related to payments or other transfers of value made to physicians (defined to include doctors, dentists, optometrists, podiatrists
    and chiropractors) and teaching hospitals, as well as ownership and investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family
    members; and
●
analogous
    state and foreign laws and regulations, such as state anti-kickback and false claims laws, which may apply to sales or marketing
    arrangements and claims involving healthcare items or services reimbursed by non-governmental third-party payors, including private
    insurers, and may be broader in scope than their federal equivalents; state and foreign laws that require pharmaceutical companies
    to comply with the pharmaceutical industry's voluntary compliance guidelines and the relevant compliance guidance promulgated
    by the federal government or otherwise restrict payments that may be made to healthcare providers; state and foreign laws that require
    drug manufacturers to report information related to payments and other transfers of value to physicians and other healthcare providers,
    marketing expenditures or drug pricing; state and local laws that require the registration of pharmaceutical sales representatives;
    and state and foreign laws governing the privacy and security of health information in certain circumstances, many of which differ
    from each other in significant ways and often are not preempted by HIPAA, thus complicating compliance efforts.
The
distribution of pharmaceutical products is subject to additional requirements and regulations, including extensive record-keeping, licensing,
storage and security requirements intended to prevent the unauthorized sale of pharmaceutical products. Pharmaceutical companies may
also be subject to federal consumer protection and unfair competition laws, which broadly regulate marketplace activities and activities
that potentially harm consumers.
The
scope and enforcement of each of these laws is uncertain and subject to rapid change in the current environment of healthcare reform,
especially in light of the lack of applicable precedent and regulations. Federal and state enforcement bodies continue to closely scrutinize
interactions between healthcare companies and healthcare providers, which has led to a number of investigations, prosecutions, convictions
and settlements in the healthcare industry. Ensuring business arrangements comply with applicable healthcare laws, as well as responding
to possible investigations by government authorities, can be time and resource-consuming and can divert a company's attention from
the business.
20
It
is possible that governmental and enforcement authorities will conclude that our business practices may not comply with current or future
statutes, regulations or case law interpreting applicable fraud and abuse or other healthcare laws and regulations. If any such actions
are instituted against us, and we are not successful in defending ourselves or asserting our rights, those actions could have a significant
impact on our business, including the imposition of civil, criminal and administrative penalties, damages, fines, disgorgement, imprisonment,
exclusion from participation in federal and state funded healthcare programs, contractual damages and the curtailment or restricting
of our operations, as well as additional reporting obligations and oversight if we become subject to a corporate integrity agreement
or other agreement to resolve allegations of non-compliance with these laws. Further, if any of the physicians or other healthcare providers
or entities with whom we expect to do business is found to be not in compliance with applicable laws, they may be subject to significant
criminal, civil or administrative sanctions, including exclusions from government funded healthcare programs. Any action for violation
of these laws, even if successfully defended, could cause a biopharmaceutical manufacturer to incur significant legal expenses and divert
management's attention from the operation of the business. Prohibitions or restrictions on sales or withdrawal of future marketed
products could materially affect business in an adverse way.
Obtaining
and maintaining regulatory approval of our product candidates in one jurisdiction does not mean that we will be successful in obtaining
regulatory approval of our product candidates in other jurisdictions.
Obtaining
and maintaining regulatory approval of our product candidates in one jurisdiction does not guarantee that we will be able to obtain or
maintain regulatory approval in any other jurisdiction, while a failure or delay in obtaining regulatory approval in one jurisdiction
may have a negative effect on the regulatory approval process in others. For example, even if the FDA grants marketing approval of a
product candidate, the EMA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities must also approve the manufacturing, marketing and promotion
of the product candidate in those countries. Approval procedures vary among jurisdictions and can involve requirements and administrative
review periods different from, and greater than, those in the United States, including additional preclinical studies or clinical trials,
as clinical trials conducted in one jurisdiction may not be accepted by regulatory authorities in other jurisdictions. In many jurisdictions
outside the United States, a product candidate must be approved for reimbursement before it can be approved for sale in that jurisdiction.
In some cases, the price that we intend to charge for our products is also subject to approval.
We
may also submit marketing applications in other countries. Regulatory authorities in jurisdictions outside of the United States have
requirements for approval of product candidates with which we must comply prior to marketing in those jurisdictions. Obtaining foreign
regulatory approvals and compliance with foreign regulatory requirements could result in significant delays, difficulties and costs for
us and could delay or prevent the introduction of our products in certain countries. If we fail to comply with the regulatory requirements
in international markets and/or receive applicable marketing approvals, our target market will be reduced and our ability to realize
the full market potential of our product candidates will be harmed.
Even
if we receive regulatory approval of any product candidates, we will be subject to ongoing regulatory obligations and continued regulatory
review, which may result in significant additional expense and we may be subject to penalties if we fail to comply with regulatory requirements
or experience unanticipated problems with our product candidates.
If
any of our product candidates are approved, they will be subject to ongoing regulatory requirements for manufacturing, labeling, packaging,
storage, advertising, promotion, distribution, sampling, record-keeping, conduct of post-marketing studies and submission of safety,
efficacy and other post-market information, including both federal and state requirements in the United States and requirements of comparable
foreign regulatory authorities. In addition, we will be subject to continued compliance with cGMP and GCP requirements for any clinical
trials that we conduct post-approval.
Manufacturers
and manufacturers' facilities are required to comply with extensive FDA, EMA and comparable foreign regulatory authority requirements,
including ensuring that quality control and manufacturing procedures conform to cGMP regulations. As such, we and our contract manufacturers
will be subject to continual review and inspections to assess compliance with cGMP and adherence to commitments made in any BLA, other
marketing application and previous responses to inspection observations. Accordingly, we and others with whom we work must continue to
expend time, money and effort in all areas of regulatory compliance, including manufacturing, production and quality control.
21
Any
regulatory approvals that we receive for our product candidates may be subject to limitations on the approved indicated uses for which
the product may be marketed or to the conditions of approval, or contain requirements for potentially costly post-marketing testing,
including Phase 4 clinical trials and surveillance to monitor the safety and efficacy of the product candidate. Certain endpoint data
we hope to include in any approved product labeling also may not make it into such labeling, including exploratory or secondary endpoint
data such as patient-reported outcome measures. The FDA may also require a risk evaluation and mitigation strategies, or REMS, program
as a condition of approval of our product candidates, which could entail requirements for long-term patient follow-up, a medication guide,
physician communication plans or additional elements to ensure safe use, such as restricted distribution methods, patient registries
and other risk minimization tools. In addition, if the FDA, EMA or a comparable foreign regulatory authority approves our product candidates,
we will have to comply with requirements including submissions of safety and other post-marketing information and reports and registration.
The
FDA may impose consent decrees or withdraw approval if compliance with regulatory requirements and standards is not maintained or if
problems occur after the product reaches the market. Later discovery of previously unknown problems with our product candidates, including
adverse events of unanticipated severity or frequency, or with our third-party manufacturers or manufacturing processes, or failure to
comply with regulatory requirements, may result in revisions to the approved labeling to add new safety information, imposition of post-market
studies or clinical trials to assess new safety risks or imposition of distribution restrictions or other restrictions under a REMS program.
Other potential consequences include, among other things:
●
restrictions
    on the marketing or manufacturing of our products, withdrawal of the product from the market or voluntary or mandatory product recalls;
●
fines,
    warning letters or holds on clinical trials;
●
refusal
    by the FDA to approve pending applications or supplements to approved applications filed by us or suspension or revocation of license
    approvals;
●
product
    seizure or detention or refusal to permit the import or export of our product candidates; and
●
injunctions
    or the imposition of civil or criminal penalties.
The
FDA strictly regulates marketing, labeling, advertising and promotion of products that are placed on the market. Products may be promoted
only for the approved indications and in accordance with the provisions of the approved label. The policies of the FDA, EMA and comparable
foreign regulatory authorities may change and additional government regulations may be enacted that could prevent, limit or delay regulatory
approval of our product candidates. We cannot predict the likelihood, nature or extent of government regulation that may arise from future
legislation or administrative action, either in the United States or abroad. If we are slow or unable to adapt to changes in existing
requirements or the adoption of new requirements or policies, or if we are not able to maintain regulatory compliance, we may lose any
marketing approval that we may have obtained and we may not achieve or sustain profitability.
Coverage
and reimbursement may be limited or unavailable in certain market segments for our product candidates, if approved, which could make
it difficult for us to sell any product candidates profitably.
The
success of our product candidates, if approved, depends on the availability of coverage and adequate reimbursement from third-party payors.
We cannot be sure that coverage and reimbursement will be available for, or accurately estimate the potential revenue from, our product
candidates or assure that coverage and reimbursement will be available for any product that we may develop.
Patients
who are provided medical treatment for their conditions generally rely on third-party payors to reimburse all or part of the costs associated
with their treatment. Coverage and adequate reimbursement from governmental healthcare programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid, and commercial
payors is critical to new product acceptance.
22
Government
authorities and other third-party payors, such as private health insurers and health maintenance organizations, decide which drugs and
treatments they will cover and the amount of reimbursement. Coverage and reimbursement by a third-party payor may depend upon a number
of factors, including the third-party payor's determination that use of a product is:
●
a
    covered benefit under its health plan;
●
safe,
    effective and medically necessary;
●
appropriate
    for the specific patient;
●
cost-effective;
    and
●
neither
    experimental nor investigational.
In
the United States, no uniform policy of coverage and reimbursement for products exists among third-party payors. As a result, obtaining
coverage and reimbursement approval of a product from a government or other third-party payor is a time-consuming and costly process
that could require us to provide to each payor supporting scientific, clinical and cost-effectiveness data for the use of our products
on a payor-by-payor basis, with no assurance that coverage and adequate reimbursement will be obtained. Even if we obtain coverage for
a given product, the resulting reimbursement payment rates might not be adequate for us to achieve or sustain profitability or may require
co-payments that patients find unacceptably high. Additionally, third-party payors may not cover, or provide adequate reimbursement for,
long-term follow-up evaluations required following the use of product candidates, once approved. Patients are unlikely to use our product
candidates, once approved, unless coverage is provided and reimbursement is adequate
Ongoing
healthcare legislative and regulatory reform measures may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Changes
in regulations, statutes or the interpretation of existing regulations could impact our business in the future by requiring, for example:
(i) changes to our manufacturing arrangements; (ii) additions or modifications to product labeling; (iii) the recall or discontinuation
of our products; or (iv) additional record-keeping requirements. If any such changes were to be imposed, they could adversely affect
the operation of our business.
In
the United States, there have been and continue to be a number of legislative initiatives to contain healthcare costs. For example, in
March 2010, the ACA was passed, which substantially changed the way healthcare is financed by both governmental and private insurers,
and significantly impacted the U.S. biopharmaceutical industry. The ACA, among other things, addressed a new methodology by which rebates
owed by manufacturers under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program are calculated for drugs that are inhaled, infused, instilled, implanted
or injected, increased the minimum Medicaid rebates owed by manufacturers under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program and extended the rebate
program to individuals enrolled in Medicaid managed care organizations, established annual fees and taxes on manufacturers of certain
branded prescription drugs and created a new Medicare Part D coverage gap discount program, in which manufacturers must agree to offer
70% point-of-sale discounts off negotiated prices of applicable brand drugs to eligible beneficiaries during their coverage gap period,
as a condition for the manufacturer's outpatient drugs to be covered under Medicare Part D.
Some
of the provisions of the ACA have yet to be fully implemented, while certain provisions have been subject to judicial and Congressional
challenges, as well as efforts by the Trump administration to repeal or replace certain aspects of the ACA. However, following several
years of litigation in the federal courts, in June 2021, the United States Supreme Court upheld the ACA when it dismissed a legal challenge
to the ACA's constitutionality. Further legislative and regulatory changes under the ACA remain possible, although the Biden presidential
administration has been taking steps to strengthen the ACA and the 117th Congress is not expected to have the same interest in repealing
the law, in part due to the healthcare economic impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on many subsets of the U.S. population. In addition
to the ACA, there have been and will likely continue to be other federal and state changes that affect the provision of healthcare goods
and services in the United States. While we are unable to predict what changes may ultimately be enacted, to the extent that future changes
affect how our products and services are paid for and reimbursed by government and private payers, our business could be adversely impacted.
Moreover, complying with any new legislation or reversing changes implemented under the ACA could be time-intensive and expensive, resulting
in a material adverse effect on our business. Litigation and legislation over the ACA are likely to continue, with unpredictable and
uncertain results. We will continue to evaluate the effect that the ACA and possible changes and challenges to it has on our business.
23
Inadequate
funding for the FDA and other government agencies could hinder their ability to hire and retain key leadership and other personnel, prevent
new products and services from being developed or commercialized in a timely manner or otherwise prevent those agencies from performing
normal business functions on which the operation of our business may rely, which could negatively impact our business.
The
ability of the FDA to review and approve new products can be affected by a variety of factors, including government budget and funding
levels, ability to hire and retain key personnel and accept the payment of user fees, and statutory, regulatory, and policy changes.
Average review times at the agency have fluctuated in recent years as a result.
Disruptions
at the FDA and other agencies may also slow the time necessary for new drugs to be reviewed and/or approved by necessary government agencies,
which would adversely affect our business. For example, over the last several years, the U.S. government has shut down several times
and certain regulatory agencies, such as the FDA, have had to furlough critical employees and stop critical activities. If a prolonged
government shutdown occurs, it could significantly impact the ability of the FDA to timely review and process our regulatory submissions,
which could have a material adverse effect on our business. Further, upon completion of this offering and in our operations as a public
company, future government shutdowns could impact our ability to access the public markets and obtain necessary capital in order to properly
capitalize and continue our operations.
Approval
of our product candidates does not ensure successful commercialization and reimbursement.
We
are not currently marketing our product candidates, nor can we until they are approved; however, we are seeking partnering and commercial
opportunities for our products. We cannot assure you that we will be able to commercialize any of our product candidates ourselves or
find a commercialization partner or that we will be able to agree to acceptable terms with any partner to launch and commercialize our
products.
The
commercial success of our product candidates is subject to risks in both the United States and European countries. In addition, in European
countries, pricing and payment of prescription pharmaceuticals is subject to more extensive governmental control than in the United States.
Pricing negotiations with European governmental authorities can take six to 12 months or longer after the receipt of regulatory approval
and product launch. If reimbursement is unavailable in any country in which reimbursement is sought, limited in scope or amount, or if
pricing is set at or reduced to unsatisfactory levels, our ability or any potential partner's ability to successfully commercialize
in such a country would be impacted negatively. Furthermore, if these measures prevent us or any potential partner from selling on a
profitable basis in a particular country, they could prevent the commercial launch or continued sale in that country and could adversely
impact the commercialization market opportunity in other countries.
Moreover,
as a condition of approval, the regulatory authorities may require that we conduct post-approval studies. Those studies may reveal new
safety or efficacy findings regarding our drug that could adversely impact the continued commercialization or future market opportunity
in other countries.
In
addition, we predominantly rely on a network of suppliers and vendors to manufacture our products. Should a regulatory authority make
any significant findings on an inspection of our own operations or the operations of those companies, the ability for us to continue
producing our products could be adversely impacted and further production could cease. Regulatory GMP requirements are extensive and
can present a risk of injury or recall, among other risks, if not manufactured or labeled properly under GMPs.
Our
potential revenues from the commercialization of our product candidates are subject to these and other factors, and therefore we may
never reach or maintain profitability.
24
Even
if we are successful in obtaining market approval, commercial success of any of our product candidates will also depend in large part
on the availability of coverage and adequate reimbursement from third-party payers, including government payers such as the Medicare
and Medicaid programs and managed care organizations, which may be affected by existing and future health care reform measures designed
to reduce the cost of health care. Third-party payers could require us to conduct additional studies, including post-marketing studies
related to the cost effectiveness of a product, to qualify for reimbursement, which could be costly and divert our resources. If government
and other health care payers were not to provide adequate coverage and reimbursement levels for one any of our products once approved,
market acceptance and commercial success would be reduced.
In
addition, if one of our products is approved for marketing, we will be subject to significant regulatory obligations regarding product
promotion, the submission of safety and other post-marketing information and reports and registration, and will need to continue to comply
(or ensure that our third party providers comply) with cGMPs, and Good Clinical Practices, or GCPs, for any clinical trials that we conduct
post-approval. In addition, there is always the risk that we or a regulatory authority might identify previously unknown problems with
a product post-approval, such as adverse events of unanticipated severity or frequency. Compliance with these requirements is costly,
and any failure to comply or other issues with our product candidates' post-market approval could have a material adverse effect
on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks
Related to our Intellectual Property
We
rely upon patents to protect our technology. We may be unable to protect our intellectual property rights and we may be liable for infringing
the intellectual property rights of others.
Our
ability to compete effectively will depend on our ability to maintain the proprietary nature of our technologies, including the
Lm
-LLO
based immunotherapy platform technology, and the proprietary technology of others with whom we have entered into collaboration and licensing
agreements.
Currently,
we own or have rights to several hundred patents and applications, which are owned, licensed from, or co-owned with Penn and Merck. We
have obtained the rights to all future patent applications in this field originating in the laboratories of Dr. Yvonne Paterson and Dr.
Fred Frankel, at the University of Pennsylvania.
We
own or hold licenses to a number of issued patents and U.S. pending patent applications, as well as foreign patents and foreign counterparts.
Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain patent protection both in the United States and in other countries for our product
candidates, as well as the methods for treating patients in the product indications using these product candidates. Such patent protection
is costly to obtain and maintain, and we cannot guarantee that sufficient funds will be available. Our ability to protect our product
candidates from unauthorized or infringing use by third parties depends in substantial part on our ability to obtain and maintain valid
and enforceable patents. Due to evolving legal standards relating to the patentability, validity and enforceability of patents covering
pharmaceutical inventions and the scope of claims made under these patents, our ability to obtain, maintain and enforce patents is uncertain
and involves complex legal and factual questions. Even if our product candidates, as well as methods for treating patients for prescribed
indications using these product candidates are covered by valid and enforceable patents and have claims with sufficient scope, disclosure
and support in the specification, the patents will provide protection only for a limited amount of time. Accordingly, rights under any
issued patents may not provide us with sufficient protection for our product candidates or provide sufficient protection to afford us
a commercial advantage against competitive products or processes.
In
addition, we cannot guarantee that any patents will issue from any pending or future patent applications owned by or licensed to us.
Even if patents have issued or will issue, we cannot guarantee that the claims of these patents are or will be valid or enforceable or
will provide us with any significant protection against competitive products or otherwise be commercially valuable to us. The laws of
some foreign jurisdictions do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as in the United States and many companies
have encountered significant difficulties in protecting and defending such rights in foreign jurisdictions. Furthermore, different countries
have different procedures for obtaining patents, and patents issued in different countries offer different degrees of protection against
use of the patented invention by others. If we encounter such difficulties in protecting or are otherwise precluded from effectively
protecting our intellectual property rights in foreign jurisdictions, our business prospects could be substantially harmed.
25
The
patent positions of biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, including our patent position, involve complex legal and factual questions,
and, therefore, validity and enforceability cannot be predicted with certainty. Patents may be challenged, deemed unenforceable, invalidated,
or circumvented as a result of laws, rules and guidelines that are changed due to legislative, judicial or administrative actions, or
review, which render our patents unenforceable or invalid. Our patents can be challenged by our competitors who can argue that our patents
are invalid, unenforceable, lack utility, sufficient written description or enablement, or that the claims of the issued patents should
be limited or narrowly construed. Patents also will not protect our product candidates if competitors devise ways of making or using
these product candidates without infringing our patents.
We
will be able to protect our proprietary rights from unauthorized use by third parties only to the extent that our technologies, methods
of treatment, product candidates, and any future products are covered by valid and enforceable patents or are effectively maintained
as trade secrets and we have the funds to enforce our rights, if necessary.
The
expiration of our owned or licensed patents before completing the research and development of our product candidates and receiving all
required approvals in order to sell and distribute the products on a commercial scale can adversely affect our business and results of
operations.
Litigation
regarding patents, patent applications and other proprietary rights may be expensive and time consuming. If we are involved in such litigation,
it could cause delays in bringing product candidates to market and harm our ability to operate.
Our
success will depend in part on our ability to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties. The pharmaceutical
industry is characterized by extensive litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property rights. Other parties may obtain
patents in the future and allege that the products or use of our technologies infringe these patent claims or that we are employing their
proprietary technology without authorization.
In
addition, third parties may challenge or infringe upon our existing or future patents. Proceedings involving our patents or patent applications
or those of others could result in adverse decisions regarding:
●
the
    patentability of our inventions relating to our product candidates; and/or
●
the
    enforceability, validity or scope of protection offered by our patents relating to our product candidates.
Even
if we are successful in these proceedings, we may incur substantial costs and divert management time and attention in pursuing these
proceedings, which could have a material adverse effect on us. If we are unable to avoid infringing the patent rights of others, we may
be required to seek a license, defend an infringement action or challenge the validity of the patents in court. Patent litigation is
costly and time consuming. We may not have sufficient resources to bring these actions to a successful conclusion. In addition, if we
do not obtain a license, develop or obtain non-infringing technology, fail to defend an infringement action successfully or have infringed
patents declared valid, we may:
●
incur
    substantial monetary damages;
●
encounter
    significant delays in bringing our product candidates to market; and/or
●
be
    precluded from participating in the manufacture, use or sale of our product candidates or methods of treatment requiring licenses.
We
may be unable to adequately prevent disclosure of trade secrets and other proprietary information.
We
also rely on trade secrets to protect our proprietary technologies, especially where we do not believe patent protection is appropriate
or obtainable. However, trade secrets are difficult to protect. We rely in part on confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants,
outside scientific collaborators, sponsored researchers, and other advisors to protect our trade secrets and other proprietary information.
These agreements may not effectively prevent disclosure of confidential information and may not provide an adequate remedy in the event
of unauthorized disclosure of confidential information. In addition, others may independently discover our trade secrets and proprietary
information. Costly and time-consuming litigation could be necessary to enforce and determine the scope of our proprietary rights, and
failure to obtain or maintain trade secret protection could adversely affect our competitive business position.
26
Some
of our products are dependent upon our license agreement with Penn; if we breach the license agreement and/or fail to make payments due
and owing to Penn under our license agreement, our business may be materially and adversely affected.
Pursuant
to the terms of our license agreement with Penn, which has been amended from time to time, we have acquired exclusive worldwide licenses
for patents and patent applications related to our proprietary Listeria vaccine technology. The license provides us with the exclusive
commercial rights to the patent portfolio developed at Penn as of the effective date of the license, in connection with Dr. Paterson
and requires us to pay various milestone, legal, filing and licensing payments to commercialize the technology. As of January 31, 2022,
we owed $100,000 to Penn. We can provide no assurance that we will be able to make all future payments due and owing thereunder, that
such licenses will not be terminated or expire during critical periods, that we will be able to obtain licenses from Penn for other rights
that may be important to us, or, if obtained, that such licenses will be obtained on commercially reasonable terms. The loss of any current
or future licenses from Penn or the exclusivity rights provided therein could materially harm our business, financial condition and operating
results.
If
we are unable to obtain licenses needed for the development of our product candidates, or if we breach any of the agreements under which
we license rights to patents or other intellectual property from third parties, we could lose license rights that are important to our
business.
If
we are unable to maintain and/or obtain licenses needed for the development of our product candidates in the future, we may have to develop
alternatives to avoid infringing on the patents of others, potentially causing increased costs and delays in drug development and introduction
or precluding the development, manufacture, or sale of planned products. Some of our licenses provide for limited periods of exclusivity
that require minimum license fees and payments and/or may be extended only with the consent of the licensor. We can provide no assurance
that we will be able to meet these minimum license fees in the future or that these third parties will grant extensions on any or all
such licenses. This same restriction may be contained in licenses obtained in the future.
Additionally,
we can provide no assurance that the patents underlying any licenses will be valid and enforceable. To the extent any products developed
by us are based on licensed technology, royalty payments on the licenses will reduce our gross profit from such product sales and may
render the sales of such products uneconomical. In addition, the loss of any current or future licenses or the exclusivity rights provided
therein could materially harm our business, financial condition and our operations.
Risks
Related to Ownership of our Securities and this Offering
Because
we do not have sufficient authorized shares of common stock on a fully diluted basis, the excess outstanding capital exposes us to liability,
and we will need to increase our authorized shares of common stock or execute a reverse stock split.
As
of the date of this prospectus, our authorized capital consists of 170,000,000 shares of common stock and 5,000,000 shares of preferred
stock. As of April 30, 2022, 145,638,459 shares of the authorized common stock are issued and outstanding, 888,058 shares are reserved
for outstanding stock options and 30,225,397 shares are authorized for outstanding warrants. Concurrently with the closing of this offering,
the shares of our common stock then outstanding will be subject to a reverse split on a one-for-      basis.
Our
fully diluted capital structure is presently well above the amount of shares of common stock we are authorized to issue. Therefore, until
we either increase our authorized shares of common stock or execute a reverse stock split (as contemplated with the closing of this offering),
we are exposed to the risk of liability arising from the excess fully diluted capitalization. Therefore, in addition to the dilutive
effect any exercises of the securities would have, in the event we are unable to obtain the requisite shareholder approval or waivers,
or we are delayed in those efforts, the Company and your investment in us would be at risk.
27
Because
we are quoted on the OTCQX instead of an exchange or national quotation system, our investors find it more difficult to trade in our
stock, or might experience volatility in the market price of the shares of our common stock.
Shares
of our common stock is quoted on the OTCQX. The OTCQX is often highly illiquid, in part because it does not have a national quotation
system by which potential investors can follow the market price of shares except through information received and generated by a limited
number of broker-dealers that make markets in particular stocks. There is a greater chance of volatility for securities that are quoted
on the OTCQX as compared to a national exchange or quotation system. This volatility may be caused by a variety of factors, including
the lack of readily available price quotations, the absence of consistent administrative supervision of bid and ask quotations, lower
trading volume, and market conditions. Investors in the shares of our common stock may experience high fluctuations in the market price
and volume of the trading market for our securities. These fluctuations, when they occur, have a negative effect on the market price
for our securities. Accordingly, our stockholders may not be able to realize a fair price from their shares when they determine to sell
them or may have to hold them for a substantial period of time until the market for the shares of our common stock improves.
We
have applied to list our common stock on Nasdaq under the symbol "ADXS". Subject to approval of listing on Nasdaq, our common
stock will be listed on Nasdaq or, if Nasdaq approval is not obtained, then we expect our common stock to remain listed on the OTCQX.
No assurance can be given that our listing application will be approved by Nasdaq or that a liquid trading market for our common stock
will develop.
Our
stock is listed on the OTCQX, if we fail to remain current on our reporting requirements or are unable to regain compliance with the
OTCQX bid price requirements in a timely fashion, we could be removed from the OTCQX which would limit the ability of broker-dealers
to sell our securities in the secondary market.
Companies trading on the
OTCQX, must be reporting issuers under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"),
and must be current in their reports under Section 13, in order to maintain price quotation privileges on the OTCQX. As a result, the
market liquidity for our securities could be severely adversely affected by limiting the ability of broker-dealers to sell our securities
and the ability of stockholders to sell their securities in the secondary market. In addition, on May 10, 2022, we were notified by
the OTCQX that our common stock closed below $0.10 for more than 30 consecutive calendar days and no longer meets the Standards for Continued
Qualification for the OTCQX U.S. tier as per the OTCQX Rules for U.S. Companies. If the bid price for the common stock has not stayed
at or above the $0.10 minimum for ten consecutive trading days by November 7, 2022, then our common stock will be moved from OTCQX to
the OTC Pink market. If we fail to remain current on our reporting requirements, we may be unable to get relisted on the OTCQX and if
we are unable to regain compliance with the OTCQX bid price requirements our common stock will no longer be listed on OTCQX, either of
which may have a material adverse effect on the Company.
We
could issue additional "blank check" preferred stock without stockholder approval with the effect of diluting then current
stockholder interests and impairing their voting rights, and provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law could discourage
a takeover that stockholders may consider favorable.
Our
certificate of incorporation, as amended, provides that we may authorize and issue up to 5,000,000 shares of "blank check"
preferred stock with designations, rights, and preferences as may be determined from time to time by our Board. Our Board is empowered,
without stockholder approval, to issue one or more series of preferred stock with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting, or other
rights, which could dilute the interest of or impair the voting power of our holders of shares of common stock. The issuance of a series of preferred stock could be used as a method of discouraging, delaying, or preventing a change in
control. For example, it would be possible for our Board to issue preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could
impede the success of any attempt to change control of our Company.
Sales
of additional equity securities may adversely affect the market price of the shares of our common stock and your rights may be reduced.
We
expect to continue to incur drug development and selling, general and administrative costs, and to satisfy our funding requirements,
we will need to sell additional equity securities, which may be subject to registration rights and warrants with anti-dilutive protective
provisions. The sale or the proposed sale of substantial amounts of the shares of our common stock or other equity securities in the
public markets may adversely affect the market price of the shares of our common stock and our stock price may decline substantially.
Our shareholders may experience substantial dilution and a reduction in the price that they are able to obtain upon sale of their shares.
Also, new equity securities issued may have greater rights, preferences or privileges than our existing shares of common stock.
28
If
you purchase common stock in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution in the book value of your investment.
You
will suffer immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of the common stock if you purchase shares in this offering.
Based on an assumed public offering price of $        per share, after giving effect to this offering, purchasers of common stock in this offering
will experience immediate dilution in net tangible book value of $         per share. See "
Dilution
" for a more detailed description
of the dilution to new investors in the offering.
The
price of the shares of our common stock may be volatile.
The
trading price of the shares of our common stock may fluctuate substantially. The price of the shares of our common stock that will prevail in the market may be higher or lower than the price you have paid, depending on many factors, some of
which are beyond our control and may not be related to our operating performance. These fluctuations could cause you to lose part or
all of your investment in the shares of our common stock and warrants. Those factors that could cause fluctuations include, but are not
limited to, the following:
●
price
    and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market from time to time;
●
variations
    in our quarterly operating results;
●
fluctuations
    in stock market prices and trading volumes of similar companies;
●
actual
    or anticipated changes in our net loss or fluctuations in our operating results or in the expectations of securities analysts;
●
the
    issuance of new equity securities pursuant to a future offering, including issuances of preferred stock;
●
general
    economic conditions and trends, including changes in interest rates;
●
positive
    and negative events relating to healthcare and the overall pharmaceutical and biotech sector;
●
major
    catastrophic events;
●
sales
    of large blocks of our stock;
●
significant
    dilution caused by the anti-dilutive clauses in our financial agreements;
●
departures
    of key personnel;
●
changes
    in the regulatory status of our immunotherapies, including results of our clinical trials;
●
events
    affecting Penn or any current or future collaborators;
●
announcements
    of new products or technologies, commercial relationships or other events by us or our competitors;
●
regulatory
    developments in the United States and other countries;
●
failure
    of the shares of our common stock or warrants to be listed or quoted on the OTCQX Best Market or on a national market system;
    on May 10, 2022, we received a notification from the OTCQX that by virtue of closing below $0.10 for more than 30 consecutive calendar
    days, our common stock no longer meets the Standards for Continued Qualification for the OTCQX U.S. tier, and that if we do not regain
    qualification by November 7, 2022, our common stock will be moved from OTCQX to the OTC Pink market;
●
changes
    in financial estimates by securities analysts who cover our company;
●
changes
    in accounting principles; and
●
perceptions
    of our company and discussion of us or our stock price by the financial and scientific press and in online investor communities.
29
In
addition, the stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to
the operating performance of small companies. Broad market and industry factors may negatively affect the market price of our common
stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. Further, a systemic decline in the financial markets and related factors beyond
our control may cause our share price to decline rapidly and unexpectedly.
So
long as the shares of our common stock continue to be listed on the OTCQX, they could be subject to the so-called "penny stock"
rules that impose restrictive sales practice requirements.
As
the shares of our common stock have been de-listed from the Nasdaq Capital Market and are now listed on the OTCQX, which is not a "national
securities exchange" as defined by the Exchange Act, and thus the shares of our common stock will be become subject to the so-called
"penny stock" rules if the shares have a market value of less than $5.00 per share. The SEC has adopted regulations that
define a penny stock to include any stock that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions, including
an exception for stock traded on a national securities exchange. The SEC regulations impose restrictive sales practice requirements on
broker-dealers who sell penny stocks to persons other than established customers and accredited investors. An accredited investor generally
is a person whose individual annual income exceeded $200,000, or whose joint annual income with a spouse exceeded $300,000 during the
past two years and who expects their annual income to exceed the applicable level during the current year, or a person with net worth
in excess of $1.0 million, not including the value of the investor's principal residence and excluding mortgage debt secured by
the investor's principal residence up to the estimated fair market value of the home, except that any mortgage debt incurred by
the investor within 60 days prior to the date of the transaction shall not be excluded from the determination of the investor's
net worth unless the mortgage debt was incurred to acquire the residence. For transactions covered by this rule, the broker-dealer must
make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and must have received the purchaser's written consent to the transaction
prior to sale. This means that so long as the shares of our common stock are not listed on a national securities exchange, the ability
of stockholders to sell their shares of common stock in the secondary market could be adversely affected.
If
a transaction involving a penny stock is not exempt from the SEC's rule, a broker-dealer must deliver a disclosure schedule relating
to the penny stock market to each investor prior to a transaction. The broker-dealer also must disclose the commissions payable to both
the broker-dealer and its registered representative, current quotations for the penny stock, and, if the broker-dealer is the sole market-maker,
the broker-dealer must disclose this fact and the broker-dealer's presumed control over the market. Finally, monthly statements
must be sent disclosing recent price information for the penny stock held in the customer's account and information on the limited
market in penny stocks.
There
is no public market for the Common Stock Purchase Warrants being offered by us in this offering.
There
is no established public trading market for the Common Stock Purchase Warrants and we do not expect a market to develop. In addition,
we do not intend to apply to list the Common Stock Purchase Warrants on any national securities exchange or other nationally recognized
trading system, including the QTCQX or Nasdaq. Without an active market, the liquidity of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be
limited, which may adversely affect their value.
Holders
of Common Stock Purchase Warrants purchased in this offering will have no rights as common stockholders until such holders exercise their
Common Stock Purchase Warrants and acquire the shares of our common stock.
Until
holders of Common Stock Purchase Warrants acquire the shares of our common stock upon exercise thereof, such holders will have no rights
with respect to the shares of common stock underlying the Common Stock Purchase Warrants. Upon exercise of the Common Stock Purchase
Warrants, the holders will be entitled to exercise the rights of a common stockholder only as to matters for which the record date occurs
after the exercise date.
30
The
Common Stock Purchase Warrants are speculative in nature.
The
Common Stock Purchase Warrants do not confer any rights of common stock ownership on its holders, such as voting rights or the right
to receive dividends, but rather merely represent the right to acquire shares of common stock at a fixed price for a limited period of
time. Following this offering, the market value of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants, if any, is uncertain and there can be no assurance
that the market value of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants will equal or exceed their imputed offering price. The Common Stock Purchase
Warrants will not be listed or quoted for trading on any market or exchange. There can be no assurance that the market price of the shares
of common stock will ever equal or exceed the exercise price of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants, and consequently, it may not ever
be profitable for holders of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants to exercise the Common Stock Purchase Warrants.
We
may be at an increased risk of securities litigation, which is expensive and could divert management attention.
The
market price of the shares of our common stock may be volatile, and in the past companies that have experienced volatility in the market
price of their stock have been subject to securities class action litigation. We may be the target of this type of litigation in the
future. Securities litigation against us could result in substantial costs and divert our management's attention from other business
concerns, which could seriously harm our business.
We
do not intend to pay cash dividends.
We
have not declared or paid any cash dividends on the shares of our common stock, and we do not anticipate declaring or paying cash dividends
for the foreseeable future. Any future determination as to the payment of cash dividends on the shares of our common stock will be at
our Board of Directors' discretion and will depend on our financial condition, operating results, capital requirements and other
factors that our Board of Directors considers to be relevant.
Our
certificate of incorporation, bylaws and Delaware law have anti-takeover provisions that could discourage, delay or prevent a change
in control, which may cause our stock price to decline.
Our
certificate of incorporation, Bylaws and Delaware law contain provisions which could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire
us, even if closing such a transaction would be beneficial to our shareholders. We are authorized to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of
preferred stock. This preferred stock may be issued in one or more series, the terms of which may be determined at the time of issuance
by our Board of Directors without further action by shareholders. The terms of any series of preferred stock may include voting rights
(including the right to vote as a series on particular matters), preferences as to dividend, liquidation, conversion and redemption rights
and sinking fund provisions. The issuance of any preferred stock could materially adversely affect the rights of the holders of the shares
of our common stock, and therefore, reduce the value of the shares of our common stock. In the past, our Series D convertible redeemable
preferred stock included voting rights superior to those of our common stock which had a dispositive effect on certain matters put to
a vote of all shareholders. While this series of preferred stock has since been redeemed, the terms of one or more series of preferred
stock may allow the holders of such preferred stock to exert significant control over our management and approvals requiring stockholder
approval. In particular, specific rights granted to future holders of preferred stock could be used to restrict our ability to merge
with, or sell our assets to, a third party and thereby preserve control by the present management.
Provisions
of our certificate of incorporation, Bylaws and Delaware law also could have the effect of discouraging potential acquisition proposals
or making a tender offer or delaying or preventing a change in control, including changes a shareholder might consider favorable. Such
provisions may also prevent or frustrate attempts by our shareholders to replace or remove our management. In particular, the certificate
of incorporation, Bylaws and Delaware law, as applicable, among other things; provide the Board of Directors with the ability to alter
the Bylaws without shareholder approval and provide those vacancies on the Board of Directors may be filled by a majority of directors
in office, and less than a quorum.
These
provisions are expected to discourage certain types of coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons
seeking to acquire control of our company to first negotiate with its board. These provisions may delay or prevent someone from acquiring
or merging with us, which may cause the market price of the shares of our common stock to decline.
31
USE
OF PROCEEDS
We
estimate that the net proceeds to us from this offering will be approximately $              million, assuming a public offering price of $              per common stock unit, which represents approximately a           % discount to $               ,the last reported sale price for the shares of our common
stock on , 2022, as reported by the OTCQX and as adjusted to account for our one-for-        reverse stock split, after deducting estimated
underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us and assuming none of the warrants issued in this
offering are exercised. If the underwriters' over-allotment option is exercised in full, we estimate that we will receive additional
net proceeds of approximately $               million.
A
$1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us by $               million, after
deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, assuming that the number of
shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same. An increase (decrease) of 1.0 million in the
number of shares offered by us would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us by $               million.
We
intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of shares by us for working capital and other general corporate purposes.
32
INFORMATION
REGARDING THE SHARES OF OUR COMMON STOCK
The
shares of our common stock are currently quoted on the OTCQX under the symbol "ADXS." Concurrently with the consummation
of this offering, we expect that the shares of our common stock will trade on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "ADXS."
Our
stock has experienced periods, including extended periods, of limited or sporadic quotations.
As
of April 30, 2022, there were 30,000 holders of record of the shares of our common stock.
33
DIVIDEND
POLICY
We
have not declared or paid any dividends since inception on the shares of our common stock. We do not anticipate that we will declare
or pay dividends in the foreseeable future on the shares of our common stock.
34
CAPITALIZATION
The
following table describes our cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of January 31, 2022:
●
on
    an actual basis;
●
on
    a pro forma basis to give to one-for-      reverse split of the outstanding shares of our common stock to be effected prior to the completion
    of this offering; and
●
on
                                            an pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect our sale of shares of common stock in this offering
                                            at an assumed offering price of $       per share.
You
should read this capitalization table together with the consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this
prospectus, as well as "Use of Proceeds," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations" and the other financial information included elsewhere in this prospectus.
As of January 31, 2022 (unaudited)
Actual
Pro Forma
(1)
Pro Forma
As Adjusted
(2)
(amounts in thousands, except per share data)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
36,480
Series D convertible preferred stock- $0.001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at January 31, 2022; Liquidation preference of $5,250 at January 31, 2022.
4,225
Stockholders' equity:
Common Stock - par value $0.001 per share, 170,000,000 shares authorized, 145,638,459 shares issued and outstanding at January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, actual; $0.001 par value,         shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; $         par value,          shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted;
Additional paid-in capital
467,368
Accumulated deficit
(428,965
)
Total stockholders' equity
38,549
Total capitalization
$
42,774
(1)
A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $        per share, would increase (decrease) each of cash and cash equivalents,
common stock, paid in additional capital, total stockholders' equity and total capitalization by $        million, assuming that the number
of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover cash and cash equivalents of this prospectus, remains the same. An increase (decrease)
of 1.0 million in the number of shares offered by us would increase (decrease) each of cash and cash equivalents, common stock, paid
in additional capital, total stockholders' equity and total capitalization by $               million.
(2)
A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $ per share, would increase (decrease) each of cash and cash equivalents,
common stock, total stockholders' equity and total capitalization by $          million, assuming that the number of shares offered
by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same. An increase (decrease) of 1.0 million in the number of shares
offered by us would increase (decrease) each of cash and cash equivalents, common stock, total stockholders' equity and total capitalization
by $         million.
The
number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after this offering is based on
        shares outstanding as of       , 2022. Pro forma as
adjusted does not give effect to the impact of Common Stock Purchase Warrants or the Underwriter's over-allotment
option.
35
DILUTION
If
you invest in our common stock units, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the public offering price
per share and the net tangible book value per share after this offering.
As
of January 31, 2022, our historical net tangible book value was $35.3 million, or $0.24 per share. Net tangible book value per share
represents total tangible assets less total liabilities and temporary equity, divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding.
After giving effect to the issuance and sale of common stock units in this offering at an assumed public offering price of $             per
share, and deducting the underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses that we will pay, our as adjusted net tangible book value
as of         , 2022 would have been approximately $             million, or $            per share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book
value of $             per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $             per share to new investors purchasing shares of
common stock in this offering. The following table illustrates this dilution on a per share basis:
Per Share
Assumed public offering price per common stock unit
$
Historical net tangible book value per share as of January 31, 2022
$
0.24
Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of January 31, 2022
$
Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to this offering
As adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering
Dilution per share to new investors
$
A
$1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed offering price of $               per share, would affect our as adjusted net tangible book value after
this offering by $               million, the net tangible book value per share after this offering by $               per share, and the dilution per share
of common stock to new investors as adjusted by $                per share, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover
page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the commissions and discounts and estimated offering expenses payable by
us. An increase (decrease) of 1.0 million in the number of shares offered by us would affect our as adjusted net tangible book value
after this offering by $               million, the net tangible book value per share after this offering by $               per share, and the dilution
per share of common stock to new investors as adjusted by $                per share.
If
the underwriter exercises in full its option to purchase additional shares of our common stock and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants
in the offering, the as adjusted net tangible book value per share would be $               per share and the dilution to new investors in
this offering would be $                per share.
36
MANAGEMENT'S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The
following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction
with our audited consolidated financial statements for the period ended October 31, 2021, and 2020, and notes thereto, and our unaudited
financial statements for the three months ended January 31, 2022, and 2021, and notes thereto, included elsewhere in this prospectus.
This report contains forward-looking information that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from
those anticipated by the forward-looking information. Factors that may cause such differences include, but are not limited to, availability
and cost of financial resources, product demand, market acceptance and other factors discussed in this report under the heading "Risk
Factors". All amounts presented herein are expressed in thousands, except share and per-share data, unless otherwise specifically
noted, and are presented without giving effect to our proposed reverse stock split.
Overview
The
Company is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization of proprietary
Lm
Technology
antigen delivery products based on a platform technology that utilizes live attenuated
Listeria monocytogenes
, or
Lm
, bioengineered
to secrete antigen/adjuvant fusion proteins. These
Lm
-based strains are believed to be a significant advancement in immunotherapy
as they integrate multiple functions into a single immunotherapy by accessing and directing antigen presenting cells to stimulate anti-tumor
T cell immunity, stimulate and activate the innate immune system with the equivalent of multiple adjuvants, and simultaneously reduce
tumor protection in the Tumor Microenvironment, or TME, to enable the T cells to attack tumor cells.
The
Company believes that
Lm
Technology immunotherapies can complement and address significant unmet needs in the current oncology
treatment landscape. Specifically, our product candidates (i.e., ADXS-PSA, ADXS-503 and ADXS-504) have the potential to optimize checkpoint
performance, while having a generally well-tolerated safety profile, and most of our product candidates have an expected low cost of
goods.
Advaxis
is currently winding down or has wound down clinical studies of
Lm
Technology immunotherapies in three program areas:
●
Human
    Papilloma Virus ("HPV")-associated cancers
●
Personalized
    neoantigen-directed therapies
●
Human
    epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) associated cancers
All
these clinical program areas are anchored in the Company's
Lm
Technology
TM
, a unique platform designed for its
ability to safely and effectively target various cancers in multiple ways. While we are currently winding down clinical studies of
Lm
Technology immunotherapies in these three program areas, our license agreements continue with OS Therapies, LLC for ADXS-HER2 and
with Global BioPharma, or GBP, for the exclusive license for the development and commercialization of AXAL in Asia, Africa, and the former
USSR territory, exclusive of India and certain other countries.
Recent
Developments
COVID-19
Impact
The
global health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and its resurgences has and may continue to negatively impact global economic activity,
which, despite progress in vaccination efforts, remains uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence. In addition, a new Omicron
variant of COVID-19, which appears to be the most transmissible variant to date, has spread globally. The continued impact of the pandemic
cannot be predicted at this time, and could depend on numerous factors, including vaccination rates among the population, the occurrence
and spread of additional variants of COVID-19, the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against current or future variants and the response
by governmental bodies and regulators.
37
In
response to COVID-19, the Company implemented remote working and thus far, has not experienced a significant disruption or delay in its
operations as it relates to the clinical development or drug production of our drug candidates by third parties. We continue to monitor
the COVID-19 pandemic and take steps intended to mitigate the potential risks to our workforce and our operations. The COVID-19 pandemic
has, and may continue to, directly or indirectly affect the pace of enrollment in our clinical trials as patients may avoid or may not
be able to travel to healthcare facilities and physicians' offices unless due to a health emergency and clinical trial staff can
no longer get to the clinic. Nonetheless, thus far, the COVID-19 pandemic has not had a significant impact on our business or results
of operations. However, we remain in contact with the clinical sites in our study and are in discussion with additional sites to combat
any potential impact in enrollment. We are unable to determine or predict the extent, duration or scope of the overall impact of the
COVID-19 pandemic on our business, operations, financial condition or liquidity.
Termination
of Merger Agreement; Strategic Considerations
On
July 4, 2021, the Company entered into a Merger Agreement (the "Merger Agreement"), subject to shareholder approval, with
Biosight Ltd. ("Biosight") and Advaxis Ltd. ("Merger Sub"), a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Advaxis. Under
the terms of the agreement, Biosight was to merge with and into Merger Sub, with Biosight continuing as the surviving company and a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Advaxis (the "Merger"). Immediately after the merger, Advaxis stockholders as of immediately prior to the merger
were expected to own approximately 25% of the outstanding shares of the combined company and former Biosight shareholders were expected
to own approximately 75% of the outstanding shares of the combined company.
On
December 30, 2021, the Company terminated the Merger Agreement, as the Company was unable to obtain shareholder approval to complete
the transaction. As announced in December 2021, the Company plans to continue to explore additional options to maximize stockholder value
in addition to this offering.
Financing
On
January 31, 2022, the Company consummated an offering with certain institutional investors for the private placement of 1,000,000 shares
of Series D convertible redeemable preferred stock (the "Series D Preferred Stock"). The shares, which have since been redeemed
in accordance with their terms as described below, and are thus no longer outstanding as of the date of this prospectus, had an aggregate
stated value of $5,000,000. Each share of the Series D preferred stock had a purchase price of $4.75, representing an original issue
discount of 5% of the stated value. The shares of Series D Preferred Stock were convertible into shares of the Company's common
stock, upon the occurrence of certain events, at a conversion price of $0.25 per share. The conversion, at the option of the stockholder,
could occur at any time following the receipt of the stockholders' approval for a reverse stock split. The Company was permitted
to compel conversion of the Series D Preferred Stock after the fulfillment of certain conditions and subject to certain limitations.
The Series D Preferred Stock also had a liquidation preference over the shares of common stock, and could be redeemed by the investors,
in accordance with certain terms, for a redemption price equal to 105% of the stated value, or in certain circumstances, 110% of the
stated value. Total net proceeds from the offering, after deducting the financial advisor's fees and other estimated offering expenses,
were approximately $4.3 million.
On
April 6, 2022, the holders of all 1,000,000 outstanding shares of the Series D Preferred Stock exercised their right to cause the Company
to redeem all of such shares at a price per share equal to 105% of the stated value per share of $5.00, and such shares were redeemed
accordingly.
Results
of Operations for the Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2021 Compared to the Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2020
Revenue
Revenue
increased $3.0 million for the year ended October 31, 2021 compared to $0.3 million for the year ended October 31, 2020. In the current
period, we recognized royalty payments from OST.
38
Research
and Development Expenses
We
invest in research and development to advance our
Lm
technology through our preclinical and clinical development programs. Research
and development expenses for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 were categorized as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Years Ended
October 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
2021
2020
$
%
Hotspot/Off-the-Shelf therapies
$
4,261
$
3,515
$
746
21
%
Prostate cancer
30
948
(918
)
(97
)%
HPV-associated cancers
2,069
3,667
(1,598
)
(44
)%
Personalized neoantigen-directed therapies
495
1,266
(771
)
(61
)%
Other expenses
3,707
6,216
(2,509
)
(40
)%
Total research & development expense
$
10,562
$
15,612
$
(5,050
)
(32
)%
Stock-based compensation expense included in research and development expense
$
164
$
308
$
(144
)
(47
)%
Hotspot/Off-the-Shelf
Therapies (ADXS-HOT)
Research
and development costs associated with our hotspot mutation-based therapy for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 increased 21% to
$4.3 million compared to the same period in 2020. The increase is attributable to the costs associated with the increase in patient enrollment
in the HOT-503 study and the commencement of our investigator-sponsored HOT-504 study.
Prostate
Cancer (ADXS-PSA)
Research
and development costs associated with our prostate cancer therapy for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 decreased $0.9 million,
or 97%, compared to the same period in 2020. The decrease is attributable to the winding down of the Phase 1/2 study of our ADXS-PSA
compound in combination with KEYTRUDA® (pembrolizumab), Merck's humanized monoclonal antibody. We do not anticipate that we
will continue to incur significant costs associated with the wind down of the study.
HPV-Associated
Cancers (AXAL)
The
majority of the HPV-associated research and development costs include clinical trial and other related costs associated with our AXAL
programs in cervical and head and neck cancers. HPV-associated costs for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 decreased $1.6 million,
or 44%, compared to the same period in 2020. The decrease is attributable to wind down costs associated with the closure of our Phase
3 AIM2CERV study in high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer. We do not anticipate that we will continue to incur significant costs
associated with the wind down of the study.
Personalized
Neoantigen-Directed Therapies (ADXS-NEO)
Research
and development costs associated with personalized neoantigen-directed therapies for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 decreased
$0.8 million, or 61%, compared to the same period in 2020. The decrease is attributable to wind down costs associated with the termination
of our ADXS-NEO study. We do not anticipate that we will continue to incur significant costs associated with the wind down of the study.
Other
Expenses
Other
expenses include salary and benefit costs, stock-based compensation expense, professional fees, laboratory costs and other internal and
external costs associated with our research & development activities. Other expenses for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 decreased
$2.5 million, or 40%, compared to the same period in 2020. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in salary related expenses,
temporary worker expenses and consulting expenses due to a change in focus on the clinical development of our HOT-503 and HOT-504 programs
and substantially less on our early research programs.
39
General
and Administrative Expenses
General
and administrative expenses primarily include salary and benefit costs and stock-based compensation expense for employees included in
our finance, legal and administrative organizations, outside legal and professional services, and facilities costs. General and administrative
expenses for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):
Years Ended
October 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
2021
2020
$
%
General and administrative expense
$
11,464
$
11,090
$
374
3
%
Stock-based compensation expense included in general and administrative expense
$
402
$
583
$
(181
)
(31
)%
General
and administrative expenses for the year ended October 31, 2021 increased $0.4 million, or 3%, compared to the same period in 2020. This
increase primarily relates to increases in (1) legal and consulting fees, including $1.4 million in legal and consulting fees related
to the merger with Biosight (2) sublicense fees (3) proxy solicitation fees related to both the annual shareholder meeting and the merger
with Biosight, (4) amounts paid in settlement of a shareholder demand letter and (5) losses on disposal of property and equipment in
connection with the termination of our office lease at our former location. These increases were partially offset by decreases in (1)
rent and utilities due to the termination of our office lease at our former location, (2) personnel costs and (3) charges related to
the abandonment of non-strategic intellectual property.
Changes
in Fair Values
For
the year ended October 31, 2021, we recorded non-cash income from changes in the fair value of the warrant liability of approximately
$1.0 million. The decrease in the fair value of liability warrants resulted primarily from the issuance of warrants in the April 2021
Offering. The warrants issued in the April 2021 Private Placement decreased in fair value from date of issuance to October 31, 2021 due
to a decrease in our share price from $0.57 at April 14, 2021 to $0.485 at October 31, 2021.
For
the fiscal year ended October 31, 2020, we recorded non-cash expense from changes in the fair value of the warrant liability of $0.
Loss
on shares issued in settlement of warrants
On
October 16, 2020, the Company entered into private exchange agreements with certain holders of warrants issued in connection with the
Company's January 2020 public offering of shares of common stock and warrants. The warrants being exchanged provide for the purchase
of up to an aggregate of 5,000,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.25 per share. The warrants became exercisable
on July 21, 2020 and have an expiration date of July 21, 2025. Pursuant to such exchange agreements, the Company agreed to issue 3,000,000
shares of common stock to the investors in exchange for the warrants. In connection with the exchange of warrants for shares of common
stock, the Company recorded a loss of approximately $77,000 as the fair value of the shares issued exceeded the fair value of warrants
exchanged.
40
Results
of Operations for the Three Months Ended January 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)
Revenue
Revenue
was $0 for the three months ended January 31, 2022 compared to $1,615,000 for the three months ended January 31, 2021. In the prior period,
we recognized royalty payments from OST.
Research
and Development Expenses
We
invest in research and development to advance our
Lm
technology through our pre-clinical and clinical development programs. Research
and development expenses for the three months ended January 31, 2022 and January 31, 2021 were categorized as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended
January 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
(unaudited)
(unaudited)
2022
2021
$
%
Hotspot/Off-the-Shelf therapies
$
1,000
$
1,200
$
(200
)
(17
)%
Prostate cancer
55
42
13
31
%
HPV-associated cancers
(39
)
531
(570
)
(107
)%
Personalized neoantigen-directed therapies
-
132
(132
)
(100
)%
Other expenses
638
665
(27
)
(4
)%
Total research & development expense
$
1,654
$
2,570
$
(916
)
(36
)%
Stock-based compensation expense included in research and development expense
$
13
$
57
$
(44
)
(77
)%
Hotspot/Off-the-Shelf
Therapies (ADXS-HOT)
Research
and development costs associated with our hotspot mutation-based therapy for the three months ended January 31, 2022 decreased 17% to
$1,000,000 compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease is attributable to a slowdown in patient enrollment in the HOT-503 study.
Prostate
Cancer (ADXS-PSA)
Research
and development costs associated with our prostate cancer therapy for the three months ended January 31, 2022 increased $13,000, or 31%,
compared to the same period in 2021. The increase is immaterial. We do not anticipate that we will continue to incur significant costs
associated with the wind down of the study.
HPV-Associated
Cancers (AXAL)
The
majority of the HPV-associated research and development costs include clinical trial and other related costs associated with our AXAL
programs in cervical and head and neck cancers. HPV-associated costs for the three months ended January 31, 2022 decreased $570,000,
or 107%, compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease is attributable to wind down costs associated with the closure of our Phase
3 AIM2CERV study in high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer, as well as credit memos issued by our contract research organization
associated with the closeout of our Phase 1/2 study in head and neck cancer. We do not anticipate that we will continue to incur significant
costs associated with the wind down of our Phase 3 AIM2CERV study.
Personalized
Neoantigen-Directed Therapies (ADXS-NEO)
Research
and development costs associated with personalized neoantigen-directed therapies for the three months ended January 31, 2022 decreased
$132,000, or 100%, compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease is attributable to wind down costs associated with the termination
of our ADXS-NEO study. We do not anticipate that we will continue to incur significant costs associated with the wind down of the study.
41
Other
Expenses
Other
expenses for the three months ended January 31, 2022 decreased $27,000, or 4%, compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease was
immaterial.
General
and Administrative Expenses
General
and administrative expenses for the three months ended January 31, 2022 and January 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended
January 31,
Increase
(Decrease)
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
2022
2021
$
%
General and administrative expense
$
2,510
$
3,008
$
(498
)
(17
)%
Stock-based compensation expense included in general and administrative expense
$
13
$
179
$
(166
)
(93
)%
General
and administrative expenses for the three months ended January 31, 2022 decreased $498,000, or 17%, compared to the same period in 2021.
This decrease primarily relates to (1) a decrease in personnel costs due to decreases in stock compensation and bonus accruals (2) decreases
in rent, utilities and depreciation due to the termination of our office lease at our former location and (3) a decrease in legal costs.
These decreases were partially offset by increases in
(1) proxy solicitation fees related to the
Previously Proposed Merger
and (2) charges related to the abandonment of non-strategic intellectual property.
Changes
in Fair Values
For
the three months ended January 31, 2022, we recorded non-cash income from a decrease in the fair value of the warrant liability of approximately
$3,802,000. The decrease in the fair value of liability warrants resulted from resulted from a decrease in our share price from $0.49
at October 31, 2021 to $0.14 at January 31, 2022.
For
the three months ended January 31, 2021, we recorded non-cash loss from an increase in the fair value of the warrant liability of approximately
$27,000. The increase in the fair value of liability warrants resulted from an increase in our share price from $0.34 at October 31,
2020 to $0.73 at January 31, 2021.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Management's
Plans
Similar
to other development stage biotechnology companies, our products that are being developed have not generated significant revenue. As
a result, we have historically suffered recurring losses and we have required significant cash resources to execute our business plans.
These losses are expected to continue for the foreseeable future.
Historically,
the Company's major sources of cash have comprised proceeds from various public and private offerings of its securities (including
shares of common stock), debt financings, clinical collaborations, option and warrant exercises, income earned on investments and grants,
and interest income. From October 2013 through October 31, 2021, the Company raised approximately $339.4 million in gross proceeds ($30.0
million during the year ended October 31, 2021) from various public and private offerings of shares of our common stock. The Company
has sustained losses from operations in each fiscal year since our inception, and we expect losses to continue for the indefinite future.
As of January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $429.0 million and $428.6 million, respectively,
and stockholders' equity of $38.5 million and $38.9 million, respectively.
42
From
October 2013 through January 31, 2022, the Company raised approximately $339.4 million in gross proceeds from various public and private
offerings of shares of our common stock. The Company has sustained losses from operations in each fiscal year since our inception, and
we expect losses to continue for the indefinite future.
The
COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the global economy and created significant volatility and disruption of financial markets.
An extended period of economic disruption could negatively affect the Company's business, financial condition, and access to sources
of liquidity. As of January 31, 2022, the Company had $36.5 million in cash and cash equivalents. The actual amount of cash that the
Company will need to continue operating is subject to many factors.
The
Company recognizes that it will need to raise additional capital in order to continue to execute its business plan in the future. There
is no assurance that additional financing will be available when needed or that the Company will be able to obtain financing on terms
acceptable to it or whether the Company will become profitable and generate positive operating cash flow. If the Company is unable to
raise sufficient additional funds, it will have to further scale back its operations. The Company believes it has sufficient capital
to fund its obligations, as they become due, in the ordinary course of business into the second fiscal quarter of 2024. The Company based
this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could use available capital resources sooner than currently expected.
Cash
Flows
Operating
Activities
Net
cash used in operating activities was $15.4 million for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 compared to $21.9 million for the fiscal
year ended October 31, 2020. Net cash used in operating activities includes reduced spending associated with our clinical trial programs
and general and administrative activities. The decrease was due to measures to control costs for non-essential items in areas that did
not support our strategic direction, and as a result, we have continued to reduce non-strategic operating expenditures over the past
several quarters.
Net
cash used in operating activities was $4.1 million for the three months ended January 31, 2022 compared to $2. 8 for the three months
ended January 31, 2021. The Company received $1,615,000 in royalty payments from OST in the prior period.
Investing
Activities
Net
cash used in investing activities was $11,000 for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 compared to $0.7 million for the fiscal year
ended October 31, 2020.
The decrease is a result of proceeds on disposal of property and equipment
and the abandonment of certain non-strategic intellectual property in the prior period that led to less patent costs in the current period.
Net
cash used in investing activities was $58,000 for three months ended January 31, 2022 compared to $210,000 for the three months ended
January 31, 2021. The decrease is a result of the abandonment of certain non-strategic intellectual property in the current period.
Financing
Activities
Net
cash provided by financing activities was $31.9 million for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 as compared to $15.5 million for the
fiscal year ended October 31, 2020. In April 2021, the Company completed an offering of (i) 17,577,400 shares of common stock, (ii) 7,671,937
pre-funded warrants to purchase 7,671,937 shares of common stock and (iii) registered common share purchase warrants to purchase 11,244,135
shares of common stock (the "Registered Direct Offering") with two healthcare focused, institutional investors. The Company
also issued to the investors, in a concurrent private placement, unregistered common share purchase warrants to purchase 14,005,202 shares
of the Company's common stock (the "Private Placement" and together with the Registered Direct Offering, the "April
2021 Offering"). We received gross proceeds of approximately $20 million, before deducting the fees and expenses payable by us
in connection with the April 2021 Offering.
43
Net
cash provided by financing activities was $4.3 million for the three months ended January 31, 2022 compared to $11.1 million for the
three months ended January 31, 2021. On January 31, 2022, the Company closed on an offering with certain institutional investors for
the private placement of 1,000,000 shares of Series D Preferred Stock. The shares sold had an aggregate stated value of $5,000,000. Each
share of the Series D Preferred Stock was sold for a purchase price of $4.75, representing an original issue discount of 5% of the stated
value. Total net proceeds from the offering, after deducting the financial advisor's fees and other estimated offering expenses,
were approximately $4.3 million. The Series D preferred stock also had a liquidation preference over the shares of common stock, and
could be redeemed by the investors, in accordance with certain terms, for a redemption price equal to 105% of the stated value, or in
certain circumstances, 110% of the stated value. On April 6, 2022, the holders of all 1,000,000 outstanding shares of the Series D Preferred
Stock exercised their right to cause the Company to redeem all of such shares at a price per share equal to 105% of the stated value
per share of $5.00, and such shares were redeemed accordingly.
On
November 27, 2020, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 26,666,666 shares of common stock and common stock warrants
to purchase up to 13,333,333 shares of common stock (the "November 2020 Offering"). On November 24, 2020, the underwriters
notified us that they had exercised their option to purchase an additional 3,999,999 shares of common stock and 1,999,999 warrants in
full. After giving effect to the full exercise of the underwriters' option, we issued and sold an aggregate 30,666,665 shares of
common stock and warrants to purchase up to 15,333,332 shares of common stock. We received gross proceeds of approximately $9.2 million,
before deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and fees and expenses payable by us in connection with the November 2020
Offering.
During
the year ended October 31, 2021, warrant holders from the Company's November 2020 offering exercised 10,754,932 warrants in exchange
for 10,754,932 shares of the Company's common stock and warrant holders from the Company's April 2021 Offering exercised
7,671,937 pre-funded warrants in exchange for 7,671,937 shares of the Company's common stock. Pursuant to these warrant exercises,
the Company received aggregate proceeds of approximately $3.8 million which were payable upon exercise.
In
January 2020, we completed a public offering of 10,000,000 shares of our common stock, which resulted in net proceeds of approximately
$9.7 million. Additionally, during the year end October 31, 2020, we sold 2,489,104 shares under the ATM program for net proceeds of
$1.531 million, and we sold 11,242,048 shares of common stock under the Lincoln Park Purchase Agreement for net proceeds of approximately
$5.1 million.
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
As
of January 31, 2022, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements.
Critical
Accounting Policies
Revenue
Recognition
Under
ASC 606, an entity recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the
consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements
that an entity determines are within the scope of ASC 606, the entity performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s)
with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the
transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance
obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration
it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, once the contract is determined
to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are
performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount
of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.
The
Company enters into licensing agreements that are within the scope of ASC 606, under which it may exclusively license rights to research,
develop, manufacture and commercialize its product candidates to third parties. The terms of these arrangements typically include payment
to the Company of one or more of the following: non-refundable, upfront license fees; reimbursement of certain costs; customer option
exercise fees; development, regulatory and commercial milestone payments; and royalties on net sales of licensed products.
44
In
determining the appropriate amount of revenue to be recognized as it fulfills its obligations under its agreements, the Company performs
the following steps: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised
goods or services are performance obligations including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of
the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance
obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies each performance obligation. As part of the accounting
for these arrangements, the Company must use significant judgment to determine: (a) the number of performance obligations based on the
determination under step (ii) above; (b) the transaction price under step (iii) above; and (c) the stand-alone selling price for each
performance obligation identified in the contract for the allocation of transaction price in step (iv) above. The Company uses judgment
to determine whether milestones or other variable consideration, except for royalties, should be included in the transaction price as
described further below. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation on a relative stand-alone selling price basis,
for which the Company recognizes revenue as or when the performance obligations under the contract are satisfied.
Amounts
received prior to revenue recognition are recorded as deferred revenue. Amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months
following the balance sheet date are classified as current portion of deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Amounts not expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months following the balance sheet date are classified as deferred revenue,
net of current portion.
Exclusive
Licenses.
If the license to the Company's intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations
identified in the arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from non-refundable, upfront fees allocated to the license when the license
is transferred to the customer and the customer is able to use and benefit from the license. In assessing whether a performance obligation
is distinct from the other performance obligations, the Company considers factors such as the research, development, manufacturing and
commercialization capabilities of the collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace.
In addition, the Company considers whether the collaboration partner can benefit from a performance obligation for its intended purpose
without the receipt of the remaining performance obligation, whether the value of the performance obligation is dependent on the unsatisfied
performance obligation, whether there are other vendors that could provide the remaining performance obligation, and whether it is separately
identifiable from the remaining performance obligation. For licenses that are combined with other performance obligation, the Company
utilizes judgment to assess the nature of the combined performance obligation to determine whether the combined performance obligation
is satisfied over time or at a point in time and, if over time, the appropriate method of measuring progress for purposes of recognizing
revenue. The Company evaluates the measure of progress each reporting period and, if necessary, adjusts the measure of performance and
related revenue recognition. The measure of progress, and thereby periods over which revenue should be recognized, are subject to estimates
by management and may change over the course of the research and development and licensing agreement. Such a change could have a material
impact on the amount of revenue the Company records in future periods.
Milestone
Payments.
At the inception of each arrangement that includes research or development milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether
the milestones are considered probable of being achieved and estimates the amount to be included in the transaction price using the most
likely amount method. If it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur, the associated milestone value is included
in the transaction price. An output method is generally used to measure progress toward complete satisfaction of a milestone. Milestone
payments that are not within the control of the Company or the licensee, such as regulatory approvals, are not considered probable of
being achieved until those approvals are received. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical, regulatory, commercial,
and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved
in determining whether it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur. At the end of each subsequent reporting period,
the Company re-evaluates the probability of achievement of all milestones subject to constraint and, if necessary, adjusts its estimate
of the overall transaction price. Any such adjustments are recorded on a cumulative catch-up basis, which would affect revenue and earnings
in the period of adjustment.
45
Stock
Based Compensation
The
Company has an equity plan which allows for the granting of stock options to its employees, directors and consultants for a fixed number
of shares with an exercise price equal to the fair value of the shares at date of grant. The Company measures the cost of services received
in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. The fair value of the award is measured on the grant
date and is then recognized over the requisite service period, usually the vesting period, in both research and development expenses
and general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statement of operations, depending on the nature of the services provided
by the employees or consultants.
The
process of estimating the fair value of stock-based compensation awards and recognizing stock-based compensation cost over their requisite
service period involves significant assumptions and judgments. The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards on the date
of grant using the Black Scholes Model ("BSM") for the remaining awards, which requires that the Company makes certain assumptions
regarding: (i) the expected volatility in the market price of its shares of common stock; (ii) dividend yield; (iii) risk-free interest
rates; and (iv) the period of time employees are expected to hold the award prior to exercise (referred to as the expected holding period).
As a result, if the Company revises its assumptions and estimates, stock-based compensation expense could change materially for future
grants.
The
Company accounts for stock-based compensation using fair value recognition and records forfeitures as they occur. As such, the Company
recognizes stock-based compensation cost only for those stock-based awards that vest over their requisite service period, based on the
vesting provisions of the individual grants.
Derivative
Financial Instruments
The
Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market or foreign currency risks. The Company evaluates
all of its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives.
For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair
value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. For stock-based
derivative financial instruments, the Company used the Monte Carlo simulation model and the Black-Scholes model to value the derivative
instruments at inception and on subsequent valuation dates. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments
should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative liabilities are classified
in the consolidated balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the instrument could be required
within 12 months of the balance sheet date.
Intangible
Assets
Intangible
assets primarily consist of legal and filing costs associated with obtaining patents and licenses and are amortized on a straight-line
basis over their remaining useful lives which are estimated to be twenty years from the effective dates of the University of Pennsylvania
(Penn) License Agreements, beginning in July 1, 2002. These legal and filing costs are invoiced to the Company through Penn and its patent
attorneys.
Management
has reviewed its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset might
not be recoverable and its carrying amount exceeds its fair value, which is based upon estimated undiscounted future cash flows. Net
assets are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet for patents and licenses related to AXAL, ADXS-HOT and ADXS-PSA and other products
that are in development. However, if a competitor were to gain FDA approval for a treatment before us or if future clinical trials fail
to meet the targeted endpoints, the Company would likely record an impairment related to these assets. In addition, if an application
is rejected or fails to be issued, the Company would record an impairment of its estimated book value.
Leases
Effective
November 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC Topic 842,
Leases
("ASC 842") using the modified retrospective transition
approach by applying the new standard to all leases existing as of the date of initial application. Results and disclosure requirements
for reporting periods beginning after November 1, 2019 are presented under ASC 842, while prior period amounts have not been adjusted
and continue to be reported in accordance with the previous guidance in ASC 840,
Leases.
At
the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether an arrangement is or contains a lease based on the facts and circumstances
present in the arrangement. An arrangement is or contains a lease if the arrangement conveys the right to control the use of an identified
asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Most leases with a term greater than one year are recognized on the consolidated
balance sheet as operating lease right-of-use assets and current and long-term operating lease liabilities, as applicable. The Company
has elected not to recognize on the consolidated balance sheet leases with terms of 12 months or less. The Company typically only includes
the initial lease term in its assessment of a lease arrangement. Options to extend a lease are not included in the Company's assessment
unless there is reasonable certainty that the Company will renew.
Operating
lease liabilities and their corresponding right-of-use assets are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected
remaining lease term. Certain adjustments to the right-of-use asset may be required for items such as prepaid or accrued rent. The interest
rate implicit in the Company's leases is typically not readily determinable. As a result, the Company utilizes its incremental
borrowing rate, which reflects the fixed rate at which the Company could borrow on a collateralized basis the amount of the lease payments
in the same currency, for a similar term, in a similar economic environment. In transition to ASC 842, the Company utilized the remaining
lease term of its leases in determining the appropriate incremental borrowing rates.
46
BUSINESS
Overview
Advaxis
is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization of proprietary
Listeria monocytogenes
,
or
Lm
, Technology antigen delivery products based on a platform technology that utilizes live attenuated
Lm
bioengineered
to secrete antigen/adjuvant fusion proteins. These
Lm
-based strains are believed to be a significant advancement in immunotherapy
as they integrate multiple functions into a single immunotherapy and are designed to access and direct antigen presenting cells to stimulate
anti-tumor T cell immunity, activate the immune system with the equivalent of multiple adjuvants, and simultaneously reduce tumor protection
in the Tumor Microenvironment, or TME, to enable T cells to eliminate tumors. The Company believes that
Lm
Technology immunotherapies
can complement and address significant unmet needs in the current oncology treatment landscape. Specifically, the Company's product
candidates have the potential to optimize the clinical impact of checkpoint inhibitors while having a generally well-tolerated safety
profile. The Company's passion for the clinical potential of
Lm
Technology is balanced by focus and fiscal discipline which
is directed towards improving treatment options for cancer patients and increasing shareholder value.
Advaxis
is focused on single antigen and multiple antigen delivery products and is in various stages of clinical development. All of the Company's
products are anchored in the Company's
Lm
Technology
TM
, a unique platform designed for its ability to target
various cancers in multiple ways. As an intracellular bacterium,
Lm
is an effective vector for the presentation of antigens through
both the Major Histocompatibility Complex, or MHC, I and II pathways, due to its active phagocytosis by Antigen Presenting Cells, or
APCs. Within the APCs,
Lm
produces virulence factors which allow survival in the host cytosol and potently stimulate the immune
system.
Through
a license from the University of Pennsylvania and through its own development efforts, Advaxis has exclusive access to a proprietary
formulation of attenuated
Lm
that we call
Lm
Technology.
Lm
Technology is designed to optimize this natural system,
and one of the keys to the enhanced immunogenicity of
Lm
Technology is the
tLLO
-fusion protein, which is made up of tumor
associated antigen, or TAA, fused to a highly immunogenic bacterial protein that triggers potent cellular immunity. The
tLLO
-fusion
protein is also designed to help reduce immune tolerance in the TME and to promote antigen spreading, thereby improving activity in the
TME. Multiple copies of the
tLLO
-fusion protein within each construct may increase antigen presentation and TME impact.
As
the field of immunotherapy continues to evolve, the flexibility of the
Lm
Technology platform has allowed Advaxis to develop highly
innovative products. To date,
Lm
Technology has demonstrated preclinical synergy with multiple checkpoint inhibitors, co-stimulatory
agents and radiation therapy. The safety profile of all
Lm
Technology constructs seen to date across over 470 patients has been
generally predictable and manageable, consisting mostly of mild to moderate flu-like symptoms that have been transient and associated
with infusion.
The
Advaxis Corporate Strategy and Strategic Considerations
Our
strategy is to advance the
Lm
Technology platform and leverage its unique capabilities to design and develop an array of cancer
treatments. We are currently conducting or planning clinical studies of
Lm
Technology immunotherapies in non-small cell lung cancer
and other solid tumor types, prostate cancer and HPV-associated cancers. We are working with, or are in the process of identifying, collaborators
and potential licensees for these programs.
Advaxis
is currently mainly concentrating on its disease-focused, hotspot/"off-the-shelf" neoantigen-directed therapies called ADXS-HOT.
ADXS-HOT is a program that leverages the Company's proprietary
Lm
technology to target hotspot mutations that commonly occur
in specific cancer types. ADXS-HOT drug candidates are designed to target acquired shared or "public" mutations in tumor
driver genes along with other cancer-associated antigens that also commonly occur in specific cancer types.
We
expect that we will continue to invest in our core clinical program areas and will also remain opportunistic in evaluating Investigator
Sponsored Trials, or ISTs, as well as licensing opportunities as we are actively looking for partners and/or licensees for these programs.
The
Lm
Technology platform is protected by a range of patents, covering both product and process, some of which we believe can
be maintained into 2039.
47
In
December 2021, we announced that we had terminated our merger agreement with Biosight Ltd. ("Biosight"), pursuant to which
Biosight was to merge with and into Advaxis Ltd. ("Merger Sub"), a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Advaxis, with Biosight
continuing as the surviving company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Advaxis (the "Merger"). As also announced in December
2021, we plan to continue to explore additional options to maximize stockholder value.
Lm
Technology and the Immunotherapy Landscape
The
challenge of cancer immunotherapy has been to find the best overall balance between efficacy and side effects when mobilizing the body's
immune system to fight against cancer. The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors was a significant step forward, particularly with
anti-PD-1 therapies, and brought with it impressive clinical activity in many different types of cancers, including melanoma, lung, head
and neck and urothelial cancers. However, a literature review published in
Science
in 2018 noted that anti-PD-1 monotherapy response
rates are only in the 15-25% range, and rise to ≥50% only in selected groups of patients with desmoplastic melanoma, Merkel carcinoma
or tumors with mismatch-repair deficiency. Development of secondary resistance with disease progression is yet another common limitation
of these therapies. Therefore, for most cancer patients, there is room for improvement. Checkpoint inhibitors can expand existing cancer
fighting cells that may already be present in low numbers and support their activity against cancer cells, but if the right cancer-fighting
cells are not present, checkpoint inhibitors may not provide clinical benefit. Similarly, there are many mechanisms of immune tolerance
that are distinct from the checkpoints which may also be blocking the immune system from fighting cancer. Based on both pre-clinical
and early clinical data, Advaxis believes that checkpoint inhibitors, when combined with treatments such as
Lm
Technology, can
have an amplified anti-tumor effect.
Lm
Technology incorporates several complementary elements that include innate immune stimulation,
potent generation of cancer-targeted T cells, ability to boost immunity through multiple treatments, enhancing lymphocyte infiltration
into tumors, reduction of non-checkpoint mediated immune tolerance within the tumor microenvironment, and promotion of antigen spreading
which may amplify the effects of treatment. These results provide rationale for further testing of
Lm
Technology agents alone
and in combination with checkpoint inhibitors.
Traditional
cancer vaccines were another development within immunotherapy and have a history beginning over 30 years ago. Unfortunately, these vaccines
have largely been unsuccessful for a variety of potential reasons. These include poor selection of targets, imbalanced antigen presentation
by inclusion of certain immune enhancing agents (adjuvants), failure to consider the blocking actions of immune tolerance, and choice
of vaccine vectors. In some cases, patients may develop neutralizing antibodies, preventing further treatments. In contrast to traditional
cancer vaccines,
Lm
Technology takes advantage of a natural pathway in the immune system that evolved to protect us against
Listeria
infections, that also happens to generate the same type of immunity that is required when fighting cancer. The live but weakened
(attenuated) bacteria stimulate a balanced concert of innate immune triggers and present the tumor antigen target precisely where it
needs to be able to generate potent cancer fighting cells from within the immune system itself. The multitude of accompanying signals
serves to broadly mobilize most of the immune system in support of fighting what seems to be a
Listeria
infection, and is then
"re-directed" against cancer cell targets. Additionally, the unique intracellular lifecycle of
Listeria
avoids the
creation of neutralizing antibodies, thereby allowing for repeat administration as a chronic therapy with a sustained enhancing of tumor
antigen-specific T cell immunity.
Looking
back on the last two decades, there have been promising technology advancements to harness and activate killer T cells against cancers
and every day more is learned about the interplay between immunity and cancer that can lead to improved treatments. However, there are
still significant unmet needs in the immunotherapy landscape that Advaxis feels
Lm
Technology may be able to address and complement.
Specifically,
Lm
Technology has the potential to optimize and expand checkpoint inhibitor activity in combination. It also avoids
many of the limitations of previous cancer vaccine attempts by tapping into the pathway reserved for defense against
Listeria
infection while incorporating the best cancer targets science can identify, including neoantigens that result from mutations in the cancer.
To date,
Lm
Technology products have a manageable safety profile, do not generate neutralizing antibodies lending themselves to
retreatments, and most of the products are designed to be immediately available for treatment without the complication and expense of
modifying a patient's own cells in a laboratory.
48
Lm
Technology: An optimized
Listeria
-based antigen delivery system
Advaxis'
Listeria
-based immunotherapies are designed for antigen delivery through a process of insertion of multiple copies of the proprietary
tLLO
-fusion protein into each extrachromosomal protein expression and secretion plasmid that makes and secretes the target protein
right inside the patient's antigen presenting cells to initiate and/or boost their immune response. The
tLLO
-fusion protein
approach was developed at the University of Pennsylvania as an improvement over insertion of a single copy of the target gene, as an
ACT-A (or other
Lm
peptide) fusion, within the bacterial genome for four key reasons:
1.
Multiple
    copies of the DNA in the plasmids per bacteria can result in larger amounts of
tLLO
-fusion protein being expressed simultaneously,
    versus a single copy. This is designed to improve antigen presentation and immunologic priming and increases the number of T cells
    generated for a particular treatment.
2.
tLLO
expressed on plasmids (with or without a tumor target protein attached) has been shown preclinically to reduce numbers and immune
    suppressive function of Tregs and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, or MDSCs, in the tumor microenvironment. Presented preclinical
    data demonstrates that Tregs are destroyed as soon as five days after the first
Lm
Technology treatment and that suppressive
    M2 tumor-associated macrophages, or TAMs, are replaced by M1 macrophages which support antigen presentation and adoptive immunity.
3.
The
    extrachromosal DNA plasmids themselves also contain CpG sequence patterns that trigger TLR-9, which confers additional innate immune
    stimulation beyond a listeria without the plasmids.
4.
The
    multiple copies of bacterial DNA plasmids (up to 80-100 per bacteria) confers additional stimulation of the STING receptor within
    APC's which has been associated with enhancing anti-cancer immunity in patients.
Clinical
Pipeline
Advaxis
is focused on the development and commercialization of proprietary
Lm
Technology antigen delivery products. Advaxis has completed
and closed out clinical studies of
Lm
Technology immunotherapies in three program areas:
●
HPV
    associated cancers
●
Personalized
    neoantigen-directed therapies
●
PSA
    directed therapy
All
these clinical program areas are anchored in the Company's
Lm
Technology
TM
, a unique platform designed for its
ability to safely and effectively target various cancers in multiple ways. The Phase 1/2 study with ADXS-PSA ± pembrolizumab in
metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients was closed on January 25, 2021. The MEDI Phase 2 combo study (AZ) with AXAL
± durvalumab in Cervical and Head and Neck Cancer and the AIM2CERV Phase 3 clinical trial with ADXS-HPV (AXAL) in cervical cancer
were closed on August 22, 2019 and June 11, 2021, respectively. The study with personalized neoantigen-directed therapies (ADXS-NEO)
was closed on May 22, 2020 and the NEO program-IND inactivation request was submitted to the FDA on May 10, 2021.
While
we are currently winding down clinical studies of
Lm
Technology immunotherapies in these program areas, our license agreements
continue with OS Therapies, LLC, for ADXS-HER2, and with GBP for the exclusive license for the development and commercialization of ADXS-HPV
or AXAL in Asia, Africa, and the former USSR territory, exclusive of India and certain other countries.
Advaxis
Pipeline of Product Candidates
49
Disease-focused
hotspot/'off -the-shelf' neoantigen therapies (ADXS-HOT)
Advaxis
is creating a new group of immunotherapy constructs for major solid tumor cancers that combines our optimized
Lm
Technology vector
with promising targets designed to generate potent anti-cancer immunity. The ADXS-HOT program is a series of novel cancer immunotherapies
that will target somatic mutations, or hotspots; cancer testis antigens, or CTAs; and oncofetal antigens, or OFAs. These three types
of targets form the basis of the ADXS-HOT program because they are designed to be more capable of generating potent, tumor-specific,
and high-strength killer T cells, versus more traditional over-expressed native sequence tumor associated antigens. Most hotspot mutations
and OFA/CTA proteins play critical roles in oncogenesis; targeting both at once could significantly impair cancer proliferation. The
ADXS-HOT products will combine many of the potential high avidity targets that are expressed in all patients with the target disease
into one "off-the-shelf," ready-to-administer treatment. The ADXS-HOT technology has a strong intellectual property, or IP,
position, with potential protection into 2037, and an IP filing strategy providing for broad coverage opportunities across multiple disease
platforms and combination therapies. In July 2018, the Company announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, allowed
the Company's investigational new drug, or IND, application for its ADXS-HOT drug candidate (ADXS-503) for non-small cell lung
cancer, or NSCLC.
The
Phase 1/2 clinical trial of ADXS-503 is seeking to establish the recommended dose, safety, tolerability and clinical activity of ADXS-503
administered alone and in combination with a KEYTRUDA® in approximately 50 patients with NSCLC, in at least five sites across the
U.S. The two dose levels with monotherapy in Part A, (1 x10
8
CFU and 5 x10
8
CFU) have been completed. Part B with
ADXS-503 (1 x10
8
CFU) in combination with KEYTRUDA® is currently enrolling its efficacy expansion for up to 18 patients
at dose level 1 (1 x10
8
CFU + KEYTRUDA®) with the potential to proceed to dose level 2 (5 x10
8
CFU + KEYTRUDA®)
at a later date. Part C, which is evaluating ADXS-503 in combination with KEYTRUDA® (1 x10
8
CFU + KEYTRUDA®) as a
first-line treatment for patients with NSCLC with PD-L1 expression ≥ 1% or who are unfit for chemotherapy, is currently enrolling
patients.
Initial
results from Part A and Part B were presented in a poster titled, "
Phase 1/2 Study of an Off-the-Shelf, Multi-Neoantigen Vector
(ADXS-503) Alone and in Combination with Pembrolizumab in Subjects with Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC
)" at the
2020 Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) Annual Meeting. ADXS-503 alone (Part A) and in combination with pembrolizumab (Part B-DL1
and Part C) appeared safe and tolerable. There were no added toxicities from combining ADXS-503 with pembrolizumab.
In
Part A, ADXS-503 alone achieved stable disease in 50% (n=6) of heavily pre-treated patients including prior treatment with checkpoint
inhibitors in all but one patient. In Part B, the overall response rate (17%) and disease control rate (67%) (n=6) suggest that adding
on ADXS-503 after immediate prior progression on pembrolizumab may re-sensitize or enhance response to pembrolizumab. The first two patients
treated in the Part B achieved SD and PR for more than 10 months. Another patient with squamous histology in Part B also achieved stable
disease, suggesting this regimen may be broadly applicable across NSCLC. Patients with known KRAS mutations in tumor samples have achieved
stable disease in the study, including KRAS G12D in two out of six patients in Part A and KRAS G12V in one out of three in Part B DL1.
Mutational analysis is ongoing across all patients. Biomarker data from nine patients to date, six from Part A and three from Part B,
showed (a) activation of cytotoxic- and/or memory-CD8+ T cells in patients treated with monotherapy and in combination therapy and (b)
100% efficient priming by ADXS-503 with generation of CD8+ T cells against neoantigens in the vector as well as antigen spreading observed.
50
The
Company presented updated clinical data from Part B of the ADXS-503 clinical study at ASCO Annual Meeting 2021. The poster presentation
titled "
A phase 1 study of an off-the-shelf, multi-neoantigen vector (ADXS-503) in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung
cancer (NSCLC) progressing on pembrolizumab as last therapy
" presented data on 10 patients who have been treated with ADXS-503
as an add-on therapy to patients failing pembrolizumab as last therapy with 10 patients evaluable for safety and nine patients evaluable
for efficacy. Combination therapy was well tolerated with no dose limiting toxicity or added toxicity of the two drugs. Grades 1 and
2, transient and reversible events included chills, fever, and fatigue, in approximately half of the patients. The Overall Response Rate
("ORR") was 11% (1/9) and Disease Control Rate ("DCR") was 44% (4/9). Clinical benefit was durable, with an observed
partial response ("PR") and stable disease ("SD") sustained for over a year, and another observed SD lasting
over six months. An additional PR was maintained for approximately four months. Biomarker data demonstrate that patients who seem to
achieve clinical benefit include those with PD-L1 expression ≥50%, secondary resistance disease to pembrolizumab and those who show
proliferation and/or activation of NK and CD8+ T cells within the first weeks of therapy. Translational studies showed (a) antitumoral
T cell responses elicited against hot-spot mutation antigens and/or tumor-associated antigens ("TAAs"); (b) emergence of
naive CD8+ T cell clones, suggesting reactivity against novel antigens; and (c) induction of proliferation and/or activation of pre-existing
CD8+ T cell clones, including PD-1 upregulation.
Enrollment
in Part B of the ongoing study will continue to further evaluate the clinical benefit and immune effects of adding on ADXS-503 to patients
progressing on pembrolizumab. An update of the clinical and translational results is expected to be presented at a medical conference
in 2Q2022.
Advaxis
also entered into an agreement with Columbia University Irving Medical Center in April 2021 to fund a phase 1 clinical study evaluating
ADXS-504 in patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer. The study started early in 3Q 2021 and it will be the first clinical
evaluation of ADXS-504, Advaxis' off-the-shelf neoantigen immunotherapy drug candidate for early prostate cancer.
Nearly
248,530 men in the United States will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2021. It has been estimated that ~135,000 new cases undergo
radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT). Of these cases, 20–40% of pts with RP and 30–50% with RT will experience
rising prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels following local therapy (BCR) within 10 years, a condition known as biochemical recurrence
(BCR). BCR is not typically associated with imminent death, and biochemical progression may occur over a prolonged period. Clinicians
treating men with BCR thus face a difficult set of decisions in attempting to delay the onset of metastatic disease and death while avoiding
over-treating patients whose disease may never affect their overall survival or quality of life.
The
phase 1 open-label study will evaluate the safety and tolerability of ADXS-504 monotherapy, administered via infusion, in 9-18 patients
with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer, i.e., those with elevation of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood after radical
prostatectomy or radical radiotherapy (external beam or brachytherapy) and who are not currently receiving androgen ablation therapy.
The study will also evaluate if the body's immune system can control the prostate cancer following treatment with ADXS-504 monotherapy.
HPV-Related
Cancers
The
Company conducted several studies evaluating axalimogene filolisbac, or AXAL, for HPV-related cancers. AXAL is an
Lm
-based antigen
delivery product directed against HPV and designed to target cells expressing HPV.
In
June 2019, the Company announced the closing of its AIM2CERV Phase 3 clinical trial with axalimogene filolisbac (AXAL) in high-risk locally
advanced cervical cancer. Company estimates showed that the remaining cost to complete the AIM2CERV trial ranged from $80 million to
$90 million, and initial efficacy data was not anticipated for at least three years. Therefore, results from the clinical trial were
not the basis for the decision to close the study, nor was safety as the trial recently underwent its third Independent Data Monitoring
Committee (IDMC) review with no safety issues noted. The Company has unblinded the AIM2CERV clinical data generated to date and currently
has no plans to present it at any medical conference as the data set is incomplete and inconclusive. The Company will complete the clinical
study report of the AIM2CERV Phase 3 study in 1Q 2022.
51
In
2014, Advaxis granted Global BioPharma, or GBP, an exclusive license for the development and commercialization of AXAL in Asia, Africa,
and the former USSR territory, exclusive of India and certain other countries. GBP is responsible for all development and commercial
costs and activities associated with the development in their territories.
Other
HPV Program Licensing Agreements
Biocon
Limited, or Biocon, our co-development and commercialization partner for AXAL in India and key emerging markets, filed a MAA for licensure
of this immunotherapy in India. The companies will evaluate next steps regarding potential registration in India.
Especificos
Stendhal SA de CV, or Stendhal, the Company's co-development and commercialization partner for AXAL in Mexico, Brazil, Colombia
and other Latin American countries, agreed to pay $10 million in support payment towards the expense of AIM2CERV over the duration of
the trial, contingent upon Advaxis achieving annual project milestones, pursuant to a Co-Development and Commercialization Agreement,
or the Stendhal Agreement. The Company was in arbitration proceedings with Stendhal. For more information see the section entitled
"
Business – Legal Proceedings.
"
Knight
Therapeutics Inc., or Knight, holds an exclusive license to commercialize AXAL in Canada, as well as other product candidates.
Personalized
Neoantigen-directed Therapies (ADXS-NEO)
ADXS-NEO
is an individualized
Lm
Technology antigen delivery product developed using whole-exome sequencing of a patient's tumor
to identify neoantigens. ADXS-NEO is designed to work by presenting a large payload of neoantigens directly into dendritic cells within
the patient's immune system and stimulating a T cell response against cancerous cells. In October 2019, the Company announced that
it has dosed its last patient in Part A, in monotherapy, and does not intend to continue into Part B, in combination with a checkpoint
inhibitor. As a result, Advaxis has closed this study. The Company has completed the clinical study report from Part A of the ADXS-NEO
study and the NEO program-IND inactivation request has been submitted to FDA.
Prostate
Cancer (ADXS-PSA
)
According
to the American Cancer Society, prostate cancer is the second most common type of cancer found in American men and is the second leading
cause of cancer death in men, behind only lung cancer. More than 160,000 men are estimated to be diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2018,
with approximately 30,000 deaths each year. Unfortunately, in about 10-20% of cases, men with prostate cancer will go on to develop castration-resistant
prostate cancer, or CRPC, which refers to prostate cancer that progresses despite androgen deprivation therapy. Metastatic CRPC, or mCRPC,
occurs when the cancer spreads to other parts of the body and there is a rising prostate-specific antigen, PSA, level. This stage of
prostate cancer has an average survival of 9-13 months, is associated with deterioration in quality of life, and has few therapeutic
options available.
Recent
data regarding checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy has shown some antitumor activity that provides disease control in a subset of patients
with bone predominant mCRPC previously treated with next generation hormonal agents and docetaxel. Data from the KEYNOTE-199 trial in
bone predominant-mCRPC patients treated with KEYTRUDA®, or pembrolizumab, was updated at the ASCO GU meeting in 2019. In this trial,
the total stable disease/disease stabilization rate was 39% with no responses reported so far, and only one patient with ≥50% decrease
in the post-baseline PSA value. It is hypothesized that the limited activity in mCRPC may be due to 1) the inability of the checkpoint
inhibitor to infiltrate the tumor microenvironment and 2) the presence of an immunosuppressive tumor micro-environment, or TME. The combination
therapy with agents—like
Lm
constructs—that induce T cell infiltration within the tumor and decrease negative regulators
in the TME may improve performance of checkpoints in prostate cancer.
52
Lm
Technology constructs demonstrated the ability to induce anti-tumor T cell responses and T cell infiltration in the TME and to reduce
the number and suppressive function of Tregs and MDSCs in the TME. For example, destruction of Tregs in the TME has been documented as
soon as five days after dosing
Lm
constructs in models. This reduction of immune suppression in the tumors has been attributed
to our proprietary tLLO-fusion peptides expressed by multiple copies of the plasmids in each bacteria. Because of all these effects,
it is hypothesized that
Lm
constructs can turn "cold prostate tumors" into "hot tumors" that better respond
to checkpoint inhibitors. Advaxis believes that the combination of ADXS-PSA, its immunotherapy designed to target the PSA antigen, with
a checkpoint inhibitor may provide an alternative treatment option for patients with mCRPC.
Advaxis
has entered into a clinical trial collaboration and supply agreement with Merck to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ADXS-PSA as monotherapy
and in combination with KEYTRUDA
®
, Merck's anti PD-1 antibody, in a Phase 1/2, open-label, multicenter, dose determination
and expansion trial in patients with previously treated metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer (KEYNOTE-046). ADXS-PSA was
tested alone or in combination with KEYTRUDA in an advanced and heavily pretreated patient population who had progressed on androgen
deprivation therapy. A total of 13 and 37 patients were evaluated on monotherapy and combination therapy, respectively. For the ADXS-PSA
monotherapy dose escalation and determination portion of the trial, cohorts were started at a dose of 1 x 10
9
cfu (n=7) and
successfully escalated to higher dose levels of 5x10
9
cfu (n=3) and 1x10
10
cfu (n=3) without achieving a maximum
tolerated dose. TEAEs noted at these higher dose levels were generally consistent with those observed at the lower dose level (1 x 10
9
cfu) other than a higher occurrence rate of Grade 2/3 hypotension. The Recommended Phase II Dose of ADXS-PSA monotherapy was determined
to be 1x 10
9
cfu based on a review of the totality of the clinical data. This dose was used in combination with 200mg of pembrolizumab
in a cohort of six patients to evaluate the safety of the combination before moving into an expanded cohort of patients. The safety of
the combination was confirmed and enrollment in the expansion cohort phase was initiated. Enrollment in the study was completed in January
2017.
At
the final data cutoff of September 16, 2019, median overall survival for 37 patients in the combination arm was 33.6 months (95% CI,
range 15.4-33.6 months). This updated median overall survival is an increase from the previous data presented at the American Association
for Cancer Research Annual Meeting in April 2019, where median overall survival was 21.1 months in the combination arm. The combination
of ADXS-PSA with KEYTRUDA
®
, might be associated with prolonged OS in this population, particularly in patients with unmet
medical needs like visceral metastasis (16.4 months, range 4.0 - not reached) and those with prior docetaxel (16 months, range 6.4-34.6).
The majority of TEAEs consisted of transient and reversible Grade 1-2 chills/rigors, fever, hypotension, nausea and fatigue. The combination
of ADXS-PSA and KEYTRUDA® has appeared to be well-tolerated to date, with no additive toxicity observed. The Company presented these
new data at the ASCO Genitourinary Cancers Symposium in San Francisco, CA. on February 2020 and the final results were submitted for
publication in a peer-reviewed journal in 4Q 2021 Advaxis has completed the clinical study report for the ADXS-PSA study. The Company
is currently seeking potential partners regarding opportunities to expand or advance this mCRPC program.
Other
Lm Technology Products
HER2
Expressing Solid Tumors
HER2
is overexpressed in a percentage of solid tumors including osteosarcoma. According to published literature, up to 60% of osteosarcomas
are HER2 positive, and this overexpression is associated with poor outcomes for patients. ADXS-HER2 is an
Lm
Technology antigen
delivery product candidate designed to target HER2 expressing solid tumors including human and canine osteosarcoma. ADXS-HER2 has received
FDA and EMA orphan drug designation for osteosarcoma and has received Fast Track designation from the FDA for patients with newly-diagnosed,
non-metastatic, surgically-resectable osteosarcoma.
A
phase 1B dose escalation study of ADXS31-164 in subjects with HER-2 expressing tumors was completed, and the database lock was completed
in November 2018. Overall, ADXS31-164 IV infusion at the dose of 1×10
9
CFU appeared to be safe and well tolerated in
12 subjects treated and evaluable. No objective responses were observed in this late stage heavily pre-treated patient cohort. The results
of this study were primarily intended to describe the safety and tolerability of ADXS31-164. This study was not intended to contribute
to the evaluation of the effectiveness of ADXS31-164 for the treatment of patients with a history of HER2 expressing tumors. Advaxis
has completed the clinical study report and it has been transferred along with the ADXS31-164 program-IND to OS Therapies, as described
below.
53
In
September 2018, the Company announced that it had granted a license to OS Therapies, LLC, or OS Therapies, for the use of ADXS31-164,
also known as ADXS-HER2, for evaluation in the treatment of osteosarcoma in humans. Under the terms of the license agreement, OS Therapies,
in collaboration with the Children's Oncology Group, will be responsible for the conduct and funding of a clinical study evaluating
ADXS-HER2 in recurrent, completely resected osteosarcoma. In December 2020 and January 2021, we received an aggregate of $1,415,000 from
OS Therapies upon achievement of the $1,550,000 funding milestone set forth in the license agreement.
In
April 2021, the Company achieved the second milestone set forth in the license agreement for evaluation in the treatment of osteosarcoma
in humans and received the amount due from OS Therapies of $1,375,000 in May 2021.
For more information, see Note 9 "Licensing
Agreements" to our audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 on page F-23 and
Note 12 "Licensing Agreements" to our unaudited interim financial statements for the three months ended January 31, 2022
and 2021 on page F-43.
Canine
Osteosarcoma
On
March 19, 2014, we entered into a definitive Exclusive License Agreement, or Aratana Agreement, with Aratana Therapeutics, Inc., or Aratana,
where we granted Aratana an exclusive, worldwide, royalty-bearing license, with the right to sublicense, certain of our proprietary technology
that enables Aratana to develop and commercialize animal health products that will be targeted for treatment of osteosarcoma and other
cancer indications in animals. A product license request was filed by Aratana for ADXS-HER2 (also known as AT-014 by Aratana) for the
treatment of canine osteosarcoma with the United States Department of Agriculture, or USDA. Aratana received communication in December
2017 that the USDA granted Aratana conditional licensure for AT-014 for the treatment of dogs diagnosed with osteosarcoma, one year of
age or older. Initially, Aratana plans to make the therapeutic available for purchase at approximately two dozen veterinary oncology
practice groups across the United States who participate in the study. Aratana received communication in December 2017 that the USDA
granted Aratana conditional licensure for AT-014 for the treatment of dogs diagnosed with osteosarcoma, one year of age or older. Aratana
is currently conducting an extended field study which is a requirement for full USDA licensure. Initially, Aratana plans to make the
therapeutic available for purchase at approximately two dozen veterinary oncology practice groups across the United States who participate
in the study.
Under
the terms of the Aratana Agreement, Aratana paid an upfront payment to Advaxis in the amount of $1,000,000 upon signing of the Aratana
Agreement. Aratana will also pay Advaxis: (a) up to $36.5 million based on the achievement of milestone relating to the advancement of
products through the approval process with the USDA in the United States and the relevant regulatory authorities in the European Union,
or E.U., in all four therapeutic areas and up to an additional $15 million in cumulative sales milestones based on achievement of gross
sales revenue targets for sales of any and all products for use in non-human animal health applications, or the Aratana Field, (regardless
of therapeutic area), and (b) tiered royalties starting at 5% and going up to 10%, which will be paid based on net sales of any and all
products (regardless of therapeutic area) in the Aratana Field in the United States. Royalties for sales of products outside of the United
States will be paid at a rate equal to half of the royalty rate payable by Aratana on net sales of products in the United States (starting
at 2.5% and going up to 5%). Royalties will be payable on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis from first commercial sale
of a product in a country until the later of (a) the 10th anniversary of first commercial sale of such product by Aratana, its affiliates
or sub licensees in such country or (b) the expiration of the last-to-expire valid claim of our patents or joint patents claiming or
covering the composition of matter, formulation or method of use of such product in such country. Aratana will also pay us 50% of all
sublicense royalties received by Aratana and its affiliates. In fiscal year 2019, the Company received approximately $8,000 in royalty
revenue from Aratana. Additionally, in July 2019, Aratana announced that their shareholders approved a merger agreement with Elanco Animal
Health, or Elanco, whereby Elanco is now the majority shareholder of Aratana. On October 6, 2020, the Company received a notice from
Aratana, dated September 17, 2020, indicating that Aratana was terminating the Exclusive License Agreement effective December 21, 2020.
The Company did not incur any early termination penalties as a result of the termination. Aratana was required to make all payments to
the Company that were otherwise payable under the Exclusive License Agreement through the effective date of termination.
54
Corporate
Information
We
were originally incorporated in the State of Colorado on June 5, 1987 under the name Great Expectations, Inc. We were a publicly-traded
"shell" company without any business until November 12, 2004 when we acquired Advaxis, Inc., a Delaware corporation, through
a Share Exchange and Reorganization Agreement, dated as of August 25, 2004, which we refer to as the Share Exchange, by and among Advaxis,
the stockholders of Advaxis and us. As a result of the Share Exchange, Advaxis became our wholly-owned subsidiary and our sole operating
company. On December 23, 2004, we amended and restated our articles of incorporation and changed our name to Advaxis, Inc. On June 6,
2006, our stockholders approved the reincorporation of our company from Colorado to Delaware by merging the Colorado entity into our
wholly-owned Delaware subsidiary. Our date of inception, for financial statement purposes, is March 1, 2002 and the Company was listed
on the Nasdaq Capital Market ("Nasdaq") in 2014. In December 2021, the Company was delisted from Nasdaq and accepted onto
the OTCQX.
Our
principal executive offices are located at
9 Deer Park Drive, Suite K-1, Monmouth Junction, New
Jersey 08852,
and our telephone number is (609) 452-9813. We maintain a corporate website at www.advaxis.com which contains descriptions
of our technology, our product candidates and the development status of each drug. We make available free of charge through our internet
website our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to these
reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish such material to, the SEC. We
are not including the information on our website as a part of, nor incorporating it by reference into, this report. The SEC maintains
a website that contains annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other information that issuers (including us) file
electronically with the SEC. The SEC's website address is http://www.sec.gov.
Intellectual
Property
Protection
of our intellectual property is important to our business. We have a robust patent portfolio that protects our product candidates and
Lm
-based immunotherapy technology. Currently, we own or have rights to several hundred patents and applications, which are owned,
licensed from, or co-owned with University of Pennsylvania, or Penn, Merck, National Institute of Health, or NIH, and/or Augusta University.
We aggressively prosecute and defend our patents and proprietary technology. Our patents and applications are directed to the compositions
of matter, use, and methods thereof, of our
Lm
-LLO immunotherapies for our product candidates, including AXAL, ADXS-PSA, ADXS-HOT,
ADXS-HER2. We have and may continue to abandon prosecuting certain patents that are not strategically aligned with the direction of the
Company.
Our
approach to the intellectual property portfolio is to create, maintain, protect, enforce and defend our proprietary rights for the products
we develop from our immunotherapy technology platform. We endeavor to maintain a coherent and aggressive strategic approach to building
our patent portfolio with an emphasis in the field of cancer vaccines. Issued patents which are directed to AXAL, ADXS-PSA, and ADXS-HER2
in the United States, will expire between 2021 and 2032. Issued patents directed to our product candidates AXAL, ADXS-PSA, and ADXS-HER2
outside of the United States, will expire in 2032. Issued patents directed to our
Lm
-based immunotherapy platform in the United
States, will expire between 2021 and 2031. Issued patents directed to our
Lm
-based immunotherapy platform outside of the United
States, will expire between 2021 and 2033.
We
have pending patent applications directed to our product candidates AXAL, ADXS-PSA, ADXS-HER2, and ADXS-HOT that, if issued would expire
in the United States and in countries outside of the United States between 2021 and 2037. We have pending patent applications directed
to methods of using of our product candidates AXAL, ADXS-PSA, ADXS-HOT, ADXS-HER2 directed to the following indications and others: prostate
cancer and her2/neu-expressing cancer, that, if issued would expire in the United States and in countries outside of the United States
between 2021 and 2037, depending on the specific indications.
We
will be able to protect our technology from unauthorized use by third parties only to the extent it is covered by valid and enforceable
patents or is effectively maintained as trade secrets. Patents and other proprietary rights are an essential element of our business.
Our
success will depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain proprietary protection for our product candidates, technology, and
know-how, to operate without infringing on the proprietary rights of others, and to prevent others from infringing our proprietary rights.
Our policy is to seek to protect our proprietary position by, among other methods, filing U.S. and foreign patent applications related
to our proprietary technology, inventions, and improvements that are important to the development of our business. We also rely on trade
secrets, know-how, continuing technological innovation, and in-licensing opportunities to develop and maintain our proprietary position.
55
Any
patent applications which we have filed or will file or to which we have or will have license rights may not issue, and patents that
do issue may not contain commercially valuable claims. In addition, any patents issued to us or our licensors may not afford meaningful
protection for our products or technology, or may be subsequently circumvented, invalidated, narrowed, or found unenforceable. Our processes
and potential products may also conflict with patents which have been or may be granted to competitors, academic institutions or others.
As the pharmaceutical industry expands and more patents are issued, the risk increases that our processes and potential products may
give rise to interferences filed by others in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, or to claims of patent infringement by other companies,
institutions or individuals. These entities or persons could bring legal actions against us claiming damages and seeking to enjoin clinical
testing, manufacturing and marketing of the related product or process. In recent years, several companies have been extremely aggressive
in challenging patents covering pharmaceutical products, and the challenges have often been successful. If any of these actions are successful,
in addition to any potential liability for damages, we could be required to cease the infringing activity or obtain a license in order
to continue to manufacture or market the relevant product or process. We may not prevail in any such action and any license required
under any such patent may not be made available on acceptable terms, if at all. Our failure to successfully defend a patent challenge
or to obtain a license to any technology that we may require to commercialize our technologies or potential products could have a materially
adverse effect on our business. In addition, changes in either patent laws or in interpretations of patent laws in the United States
and other countries may materially diminish the value of our intellectual property or narrow the scope of our patent protection.
We
also rely upon unpatented proprietary technology, and in the future may determine in some cases that our interests would be better served
by reliance on trade secrets or confidentiality agreements rather than patents or licenses. We may not be able to protect our rights
to such unpatented proprietary technology and others may independently develop substantially equivalent technologies. If we are unable
to obtain strong proprietary rights to our processes or products after obtaining regulatory clearance, competitors may be able to market
competing processes and products.
Others
may obtain patents having claims which cover aspects of our products or processes which are necessary for, or useful to, the development,
use or manufacture of our services or products. Should any other group obtain patent protection with respect to our discoveries, our
commercialization of potential therapeutic products and methods could be limited or prohibited.
The
Drug Development Process
The
product candidates in our pipeline are at various stages of clinical development. The path to regulatory approval includes multiple phases
of clinical trials in which we collect data that will ultimately support an application to regulatory authorities to allow us to market
a product for the treatment, of a specific type of cancer. There are many difficulties and uncertainties inherent in research and development
of new products, resulting in high costs and variable success rates. Bringing a drug from discovery to regulatory approval, and ultimately
to market, takes many years and significant costs.
The
process required by the FDA before product candidates may be marketed in the United States generally involves the following:
●
completion
    of preclinical laboratory tests, animal studies, and formulation studies in compliance with the FDA's Good Laboratory Practice,
    or GLP, regulations;
●
submission
    to the FDA of an Investigational New Drug Application, or IND, which must become effective before human clinical trials may begin
    at United States clinical trial sites;
●
approval
    by an Institutional Review Board, or IRB for each clinical site, or centrally, before each trial may be initiated;
●
adequate
    and well-controlled human clinical trials to establish the product candidate's safety, purity, and potency for its intended
    use, performed in accordance with Good Clinical Practices, or GCPs;
56
●
development
    of manufacturing processes to ensure the product candidate's identity, strength, quality, purity, and potency;
●
submission
    to the FDA of a Biologics License Application, or BLA;
●
satisfactory
    completion of an FDA advisory committee review, if applicable;
●
satisfactory
    completion of an FDA inspection of the manufacturing facility or facilities at which the products are produced to assess compliance
    with current cGMPs, and to assure that the facilities, methods, and controls are adequate to preserve the therapeutics' identity,
    strength, quality, purity, and potency as well as satisfactory completion of an FDA inspection of selected clinical sites and selected
    clinical investigators to determine GCP compliance; and
●
FDA
    review and approval of the BLA to permit commercial marketing for particular indications for use.
Preclinical
studies include laboratory evaluation of chemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and product formulation, as well as animal studies to assess
potential safety and efficacy. Such studies must generally be conducted in accordance with the FDA's GLPs. Prior to commencing
the first clinical trial at a United States investigational site with a product candidate, an IND sponsor must submit the results of
the preclinical tests and preclinical literature, together with manufacturing information, analytical data, any available clinical data
or literature, and proposed clinical study protocols among other things, to the FDA as part of an IND. An IND automatically becomes effective
30 days after receipt by the FDA, unless the FDA notifies the applicant of safety concerns or questions related to one or more proposed
clinical trials and places the trial on a clinical hold. In such a case, the IND sponsor and the FDA must resolve any outstanding concerns
before the clinical trial can begin. Clinical holds also may be imposed by the FDA at any time before or during trials due to safety
concerns or non-compliance. A separate submission to an existing IND must also be made for each successive clinical trial conducted during
product development.
Clinical
testing, known as clinical trials or clinical studies, is either conducted internally by pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies or
managed on behalf of these companies by Clinical Research Organizations, or CROs. The process of conducting clinical studies is highly
regulated by the FDA, as well as by other governmental and professional bodies. In a clinical trial, participants receive specific interventions
according to the research plan or protocol created by the study sponsor and implemented by study investigators. Clinical trials must
be conducted in accordance with federal regulations and GCP requirements, which include the requirements that all research subjects provide
their informed consent in writing for their participation in any clinical trial, as well as review and approval of the study by an IRB.
Additionally, some clinical trials are overseen by an independent data safety monitoring board, which reviews data and advises the study
sponsor on study continuation. A protocol for each clinical trial, and any subsequent protocol amendments, must be submitted to the FDA
as part of the IND.
Clinical
trials may compare a new medical approach to a standard one that is already available or to a placebo that contains no active ingredients
or to no intervention. Some clinical trials compare interventions that are already available to each other. When a new product or approach
is being studied, it is not usually known whether it will be helpful, harmful, or no different than available alternatives. The investigators
try to determine the safety and efficacy of the intervention by measuring certain clinical outcomes in the participants.
Phase
1
. Phase 1 clinical trials begin when regulatory agencies allow initiation of clinical investigation of a new drug or product candidate.
They typically involve testing an investigational new drug on a limited number of patients. Phase 1 studies determine a drug's
basic safety, maximum tolerated dose, mechanism of action and how the drug is absorbed by, and eliminated from, the body. Typically,
cancer therapies are initially tested on late-stage cancer patients.
Phase
2.
Phase 2 clinical trials involve larger numbers of patients that have been diagnosed with the targeted disease or condition. Phase
2 clinical trials gather preliminary data on effectiveness (where the drug works in people who have a certain disease or condition) and
to determine the common short-term side effects and risks associated with the drug. If Phase 2 clinical trials show that an investigational
new drug has an acceptable range of safety risks and probable effectiveness, a company will continue to evaluate the investigational
new drug in Phase 3 studies.
57
Phase
3.
Phase 3 clinical trials are typically controlled multi-center trials that involve a larger number of patients to ensure the study
results are statistically significant. The purpose is to confirm effectiveness and safety on a large scale and to provide an adequate
basis for physician labeling. These trials are generally global in nature and are designed to generate clinical data necessary to submit
an application for marketing approval to regulatory agencies. Typically, two Phase 3 trials are required for product approval. Under
limited circumstances, however, approval may be based upon a single adequate and well-controlled clinical trial plus confirmatory evidence
or a single large multicenter trial without confirmatory evidence.
The
FDA may also consider additional kinds of data in support of a BLA, such as patient experience data and real-world evidence. For genetically
targeted populations and variant protein targeted products intended to address an unmet medical need in one or more patient subgroups
with a serious or life threatening rare disease or condition, the FDA may allow a sponsor to rely upon data and information previously
developed by the sponsor or for which the sponsor has a right of reference, that was submitted previously to support an approved application
for a product that incorporates or utilizes the same or similar genetically targeted technology or a product that is the same or utilizes
the same variant protein targeted drug as the product that is the subject of the application.
Reports
regarding clinical study progress must be submitted to the FDA and IRB on an annual basis. Additional reports are required if serious
adverse events or other significant safety information is found. Certain reports may also be required to be submitted to the IBC. Investigational
biologics must additionally be manufactured in accordance with cGMPs, imported in accordance with FDA requirements, and exported in accordance
with the requirements of the receiving country as well as FDA.
Additionally,
under the Pediatric Research Equity Act, or PREA, BLAs or BLA supplements for a new active ingredient, dosage form, dosage regimen, or
route of administration, unless subject to the below requirement for molecularly targeted cancer products, must contain data to assess
the safety and effectiveness of the product in all relevant pediatric subpopulations. The FDA may, however, grant deferrals or full or
partial waivers of this requirement. PREA does not apply to orphan designated products approved solely for the orphan indication.
If
a product is intended for the treatment of adult cancer and is directed at molecular targets that the FDA determines to be substantially
relevant to the growth or progression of pediatric cancer, even if the product has orphan designation, the application sponsors must
submit, reports from molecularly targeted pediatric cancer investigations designed to yield clinically meaningful pediatric study data,
gathered using appropriate formulations for each applicable age group, to inform potential pediatric labeling. Like PREA, FDA may grant
deferrals or waivers of some or all of this data requirement.
Certain
gene therapy studies are also subject to the National Institutes of Health's Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA
Molecules, or NIH Guidelines. The NIH Guidelines include the review of the study by a local institutional committee called an institutional
biosafety committee, or IBC. The IBC assesses the compliance of the research with the NIH Guidelines, assesses the safety of the research
and identifies any potential risk to public health or the environment.
In
addition to the regulations discussed above, there are a number of additional standards that apply to clinical trials involving the use
of gene therapy. The FDA has issued various guidance documents regarding gene therapies, which outline additional factors that the FDA
will consider during product development. These include guidance regarding preclinical studies; chemistry, manufacturing, and controls;
the measurement of product potency; how FDA will determine whether a gene therapy product is the same as another product for the purpose
of the agency's orphan drug regulations; and long term patient and clinical study subject follow up and regulatory reporting.
To
lessen the burden of subjects being required to travel to the clinic for an onsite visit during the
Lm
surveillance phase of the
studies, the
Lm
surveillance period was reduced to 1 year instead of 3 years based on an agreement with the FDA in November 2020.
58
Biologic
License Application (BLA)
. During clinical trials, companies usually also complete additional preclinical studies. Companies further
develop additional information about the product candidate's physical characteristics and finalize the cGMP manufacturing process.
The results of the clinical trials using biologics are submitted to the FDA as part of a BLA. Following the completion of Phase 3 studies,
if the sponsor of a potential product in the United States believes it has sufficient information to support the safety and effectiveness
of the investigational biologic, the sponsor submits a BLA to the FDA requesting marketing approval. The application is a comprehensive
filing that includes the results of all preclinical and clinical studies, information about the product's composition, and the
sponsor's plans for manufacturing, packaging, labeling and testing the investigational new product
Subject
to certain exceptions, the BLA must be accompanied by a substantial user fee at the time of the first submission. FDA has 60 days from
its receipt of a BLA to determine whether the application is sufficiently complete for filing and for a substantive review. If the FDA
determines that the NDA is incomplete, the FDA may refuse to file the application, in which case the applicant must address the FDA identified
deficiencies before refiling. After the BLA is accepted for filing, the FDA reviews the application to determine whether the product
meets FDA's approval standards. The FDA aims to complete its review within ten months of the 60-day filing date. For products that
present significant improvements in the safety or effectiveness of the treatment, diagnosis, or prevention of serious conditions FDA
aims to complete its review within 6 months of the 60-day filing date. The FDA, however, does not always meet its review goal. The review
goal date may also be extended if FDA requests or the sponsor provides additional information regarding the application. As part of the
approval process, FDA will typically inspect one or more clinical sites, as well as the facility or the facilities at which the product
is manufactured to ensure GCP and cGMP compliance.
FDA
may also refer an application for review by an independent advisory committee. Specifically, for a product candidate for which no active
ingredient (including any ester or salt of active ingredients) has previously been approved by the FDA, the FDA must either refer that
product candidate to an advisory committee or provide in an action letter, a summary of the reasons why the FDA did not refer the product
candidate to an advisory committee. While FDA is not bound by the recommendation of an advisory committee, it does carefully consider
the committee's recommendations.
After
evaluating the application, FDA may issue an approval letter, authorizing product marketing, or a Complete Response Letter, or CRL, indicating
that the application is not ready for approval. The CRL describes the application's deficiencies and conditions that must be met
for product approval. If a CRL is issued, the applicant may resubmit the application, addressing the deficiencies, withdraw the application,
or request a hearing. Even with submission of additional information, the FDA ultimately may decide that the application is not approvable.
If
approval is granted, the FDA may limit the indications for use, including the indicated population, require contraindications, warnings
or precautions be included in the product labeling, including black box warnings, or may not approve label statements necessary for successful
commercialization. FDA may also require, or companies may conduct, additional clinical trials following approval, called Phase 4 studies,
which can confirm or refute the effectiveness of a product candidate, and can provide important safety information. FDA may also require
the implementation of a risk evaluation and mitigation strategy, or REMS, which may include requirements for a medication guide or patient
package insert, a communication plan on product risks, or other elements to assure safe use.
After
approval, some types of changes to the approved product, such as adding new indications or label claims, which may themselves require
further clinical testing, or changing the manufacturing process are subject to further FDA review and approval. FDA can also require
the implementation REMS or the conduct of phase 4 studies after product approval.
Government
Regulations
General
Government
authorities in the United States and other countries extensively regulate, among other things, the preclinical and clinical testing,
manufacturing, labeling, storage, record-keeping, advertising, promotion, import, export, marketing and distribution of biopharmaceutical
and drug products. In the United States, the FDA subjects drugs to rigorous review under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, or
FDCA, the Public Health Service Act, or PHSA, and implementing regulations.
59
Orphan
Drug Designation
Under
the Orphan Drug Act, or ODA, the FDA may grant Orphan Drug Designation, or ODD, to a drug or biological product intended to treat a rare
disease or condition, which means a disease or condition that affects fewer than 200,000 individuals in the United States, or more than
200,000 individuals in the United States, but for which there is no reasonable expectation that the cost of developing and making a drug
or biological product available in the United States will be recovered from domestic sales of the product. Additionally, sponsors must
present a plausible hypothesis for clinical superiority to obtain ODD if there is a product already approved by the FDA that that is
considered by the FDA to be the same as the already approved product and is intended for the same indication. This hypothesis must be
demonstrated to obtain orphan exclusivity.
The
benefits of ODD can be substantial, including research and development tax credits, grants and exemption from user fees. The tax advantages,
however, were limited in the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Moreover, if there is no other product that the FDA considers to be the same
product that is approve for the orphan indication, the orphan designated product is eligible for 7 years of orphan market exclusivity
once the product is approved. During that period, the FDA generally may not approve any other application for the same product for the
same indication, although there are exceptions, most notably when the later product is shown to be clinically superior to the product
with exclusivity. Other applicants, however, may receive approval of different products for the orphan indication or the same product
for a different indication during the orphan exclusivity period. In order to qualify for these incentives, a company must apply for designation
of its product as an "Orphan Drug" and obtain approval from the FDA. Orphan product designation does not convey any advantage
in or shorten the duration of the regulatory review and approval process.
We
currently have ODD with the FDA for AXAL for treatment of anal cancer (granted August 2013), HPV-associated head and neck cancer (granted
November 2013); and treatment of Stage II-IV invasive cervical cancer (granted May 2014). We also have ODD with the FDA for ADXS-HER2
for the treatment of osteosarcoma (granted May 2014).
In
Europe, the Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products, COMP, has issued a positive opinion on the application for ODD of AXAL for the treatment
of anal cancer (December 2015) and on the application for ODD of ADXS-HER2 for osteosarcoma (November 2015).
Expedited
Review and Approval Programs for Serious Conditions
Four
core FDA programs are intended to facilitate and expedite development and review of new biologics to address unmet medical need in the
treatment of serious or life-threatening conditions: fast track designation, breakthrough therapy designation, accelerated approval,
and priority review. We intend to avail ourselves of any and all of these programs as applicable to our products.
FDA
is required to facilitate the development, and expedite the review, of products that are intended for the treatment of a serious or life-threatening
disease or condition, and which demonstrate the potential to address unmet medical needs for the condition. Under the fast track program,
the sponsor of a new biologic product candidate may request that FDA designate the drug candidate for a specific indication as a fast
track drug concurrent with, or after, the filing of the IND for the product candidate. FDA must determine if the product candidate qualifies
for Fast Track Designation within 60 days of receipt of the sponsor's request. If Fast Track Designation is obtained, sponsors
may be eligible for more frequent development meetings and correspondence with the FDA. FDA may also initiate review of sections of a
fast track product's BLA before the application is complete. This rolling review is available if the applicant provides, and FDA
approves, a schedule for the submission of the remaining information and the applicant pays applicable user fees. However, FDA's
time period goal for reviewing an application does not begin until the last section of the BLA is submitted.
Under
FDA's accelerated approval programs, FDA may approve a product for a serious or life-threatening illness that provides meaningful
therapeutic benefit to patients over existing treatments based upon a surrogate endpoint that is reasonably likely to predict clinical
benefit, or on a clinical endpoint that can be measured earlier than irreversible morbidity or mortality, that is reasonably likely to
predict an effect on irreversible morbidity or mortality or other clinical benefit, taking into account the severity, rarity or prevalence
of the condition and the availability or lack of alternative treatments.
60
In
clinical trials, a surrogate endpoint is a measurement of laboratory or clinical signs of a disease or condition that substitutes for
a direct measurement of how a patient feels, functions or survives. Surrogate endpoints can often be measured more easily or more rapidly
than clinical endpoints. A product candidate approved on this basis is subject to rigorous post-marketing compliance requirements, including
the completion of Phase 4 or post-approval clinical trials to confirm the effect on the clinical endpoint. Failure to conduct required
post-approval studies, or confirm a clinical benefit during post-marketing studies, will allow FDA to withdraw the product from the market
on an expedited basis. All promotional materials for product candidates approved under accelerated regulations are subject to prior review
by FDA.
Under
the provisions of the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act, or FDASIA, enacted in 2012, a sponsor can request designation
of a product candidate as a "breakthrough therapy." A breakthrough therapy is defined as a product that is intended, alone
or in combination with one or more other products, to treat a serious or life-threatening disease or condition, and preliminary clinical
evidence indicates that the product may demonstrate substantial improvement over existing therapies on one or more clinically significant
endpoints, such as substantial treatment effects observed early in clinical development. Products designated as breakthrough therapies
are eligible for intensive guidance on an efficient development program beginning as early as Phase 1 trials, a commitment from the FDA
to involve senior managers and experienced review staff in a proactive collaborative and cross-disciplinary review, rolling review, and
the facilitation of cross-disciplinary review.
Another
expedited pathway is the Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy, or RMAT, designation. Qualifying products must be a cell therapy, therapeutic
tissue engineering product, human cell and tissue product, or a combination of such products, and not a product solely regulated as a
human cell and tissue product. The product must be intended to treat, modify, reverse, or cure a serious or life-threatening disease
or condition, and preliminary clinical evidence must indicate that the product has the potential to address an unmet need for such disease
or condition. Advantages of the RMAT designation include all the benefits of the Fast Track and breakthrough therapy designation programs,
including early interactions with the FDA. These early interactions may be used to discuss potential surrogate or intermediate endpoints
to support accelerated approval.
Even
if a product qualifies for one or more of these programs, the FDA may later decide that the product no longer meets the conditions for
qualification or decide that the time period for FDA review or approval will not be shortened.
Disclosure
of Clinical Trial Information
Sponsors
of clinical trials of FDA regulated products, including biologics, are required to register and submit certain clinical trial information
within specific timeframes to the National Institutes of Health, or NIH, for public dissemination on their clinicaltrials.gov website.
Information related to the product, patient population, phase of investigation, Trial sites and investigators and other aspects of the
clinical trial is then made public as part of the registration. Sponsors are also obligated to discuss the results of their clinical
trials after completion. Disclosure of the results of these trials can be delayed in certain circumstances for up to two years, depending
on the circumstances, after the date of completion of the trial. Competitors may use this publicly available information to gain knowledge
regarding the progress of development programs.
Coverage,
Pricing and Reimbursement
Successful
commercialization of new drug products depends in part on the extent to which reimbursement for those drug products will be available
from government health administration authorities, private health insurers and other organizations. Government authorities and third-party
payors, such as private health insurers and health maintenance organizations, decide which drug products they will pay for and establish
reimbursement levels. The availability and extent of reimbursement by governmental and private payors is essential for most patients
to be able to afford a drug product. Sales of drug products depend substantially, both domestically and abroad, on the extent to which
the costs of drugs products are paid for by health maintenance, managed care, pharmacy benefit and similar healthcare management organizations,
or reimbursed by government health administration authorities, private health coverage insurers and other third-party payors.
61
A
primary trend in the U.S. healthcare industry and elsewhere is cost containment. Government authorities and other third-party payors
have attempted to control costs by limiting coverage and the amount of reimbursement for particular drug products. In many countries,
the prices of drug products are subject to varying price control mechanisms as part of national health systems. In general, the prices
of drug products under such systems are substantially lower than in the United States. Other countries allow companies to fix their own
prices for drug products, but monitor and control company profits. Accordingly, in markets outside the United States, the reimbursement
for drug products may be reduced compared with the United States. In the United States, the principal decisions about reimbursement for
new drug products are typically made by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, or CMS, an agency within the Department of
Health and Human Services, or HHS. CMS decides whether and to what extent a new drug product will be covered and reimbursed under certain
federal governmental healthcare programs, such as Medicare, and private payors tend to follow CMS to a substantial degree. However, no
uniform policy of coverage and reimbursement for drug products exists among third-party payors and coverage and reimbursement levels
for drug products can differ significantly from payor to payor. In the United States, the process for determining whether a third-party
payor will provide coverage for a biological product typically is separate from the process for setting the price of such product or
for establishing the reimbursement rate that the payor will pay for the product once coverage is approved. With respect to biologics,
third-party payors may limit coverage to specific products on an approved list, also known as a formulary, which might not include all
of the FDA-approved products for a particular indication, or place products at certain formulary levels that result in lower reimbursement
levels and higher cost sharing obligation imposed on patients. A decision by a third-party payor not to cover our product candidates
could reduce physician utilization of a product. Moreover, a third-party payor's decision to provide coverage for a product does
not imply that an adequate reimbursement rate will be approved. Adequate third-party reimbursement may not be available to enable a manufacturer
to maintain price levels sufficient to realize an appropriate return on its investment in product development. Additionally, coverage
and reimbursement for products can differ significantly from payor to payor. One third-party payor's decision to cover a particular
medical product does not ensure that other payors will also provide coverage for the medical product, or will provide coverage at an
adequate reimbursement rate. As a result, the coverage determination process usually requires manufacturers to provide scientific and
clinical support for the use of their products to each payor separately and is a time-consuming process.
Coverage
policies and third-party reimbursement rates may change at any time. Even if favorable coverage and reimbursement status is attained
for one or more products for which we receive regulatory approval, less favorable coverage policies and reimbursement rates may be implemented
in the future. Third-party payors are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical products and services, examining the medical
necessity and reviewing the cost-effectiveness of pharmaceutical products, in addition to questioning safety and efficacy. If third-party
payors do not consider a product to be cost-effective compared to other available therapies, they may not cover that product after FDA
approval or, if they do, the level of payment may not be sufficient to allow a manufacturer to sell its product at a profit.
In
addition, in many foreign countries, the proposed pricing for a drug must be approved before it may be lawfully marketed. The requirements
governing drug pricing and reimbursement vary widely from country to country. In the European Union, governments influence the price
of products through their pricing and reimbursement rules and control of national healthcare systems that fund a large part of the cost
of those products to consumers. Some jurisdictions operate positive and negative list systems under which products may only be marketed
once a reimbursement price has been agreed to by the government. To obtain reimbursement or pricing approval, some of these countries
may require the completion of clinical trials that compare the cost effectiveness of a particular product to currently available therapies.
Other member states allow companies to fix their own prices for medicines, but monitor and control company profits. There can be no assurance
that any country that has price controls or reimbursement limitations for pharmaceutical products will allow favorable reimbursement
and pricing arrangements for any of our products. The downward pressure on healthcare costs in general, particularly prescription products,
has become very intense. As a result, increasingly high barriers are being erected to the entry of new products. In addition, in some
countries, cross border imports from low-priced markets exert a commercial pressure on pricing within a country (particularly in the
EEA where it is illegal to impede such imports from elsewhere within the EEA).
62
Other
Healthcare Laws
Manufacturing,
sales, promotion and other activities following product approval are also subject to regulation by numerous regulatory authorities in
the United States in addition to the FDA, including CMS, the HHS Office of Inspector General and HHS Office for Civil Rights, other divisions
of the HHS and the Department of Justice.
Healthcare
providers, physicians, and third-party payors will play a primary role in the recommendation and prescription of any products for which
we obtain marketing approval. Our current and future arrangements with third-party payors, healthcare providers and physicians may expose
us to broadly applicable fraud and abuse and other healthcare laws and regulations that may constrain the business or financial arrangements
and relationships through which we market, sell and distribute any drugs for which we obtain marketing approval. In the United States,
these laws include, without limitation, state and federal anti-kickback, false claims, physician transparency, and patient data privacy
and security laws and regulations, including but not limited to those described below.
The
U.S. federal Anti-Kickback Statute, or AKS, prohibits, among other things, any person or entity from knowingly and willfully offering,
paying, soliciting, receiving or providing any remuneration, directly or indirectly, overtly or covertly, to induce or in return for
purchasing, leasing, ordering or arranging for or recommending the purchase, lease or order of any good, facility, item or service reimbursable,
in whole or in part, under Medicare, Medicaid or other federal healthcare programs. The term "remuneration" has been broadly
interpreted to include anything of value. The AKS has been interpreted to apply to arrangements between pharmaceutical and medical device
manufacturers on the one hand and prescribers, purchasers, formulary managers and beneficiaries on the other hand. Although there are
a number of statutory exceptions and regulatory safe harbors protecting some common activities from prosecution, the exceptions and safe
harbors are drawn narrowly. Failure to meet all of the requirements of a particular applicable statutory exception or regulatory safe
harbor does not make the conduct per se illegal under the AKS. Instead, the legality of the arrangement will be evaluated on a case-by-case
basis based on a cumulative review of all its facts and circumstances. Several courts have interpreted the statute's intent requirement
to mean that if any one purpose of an arrangement involving remuneration is to induce referrals of federal healthcare covered business,
the statute has been violated. In addition, a person or entity does not need to have actual knowledge of the statute or specific intent
to violate it in order to have committed a violation. Moreover, a claim including items or services resulting from a violation of the
AKS constitutes a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the federal civil False Claims Act.
Although
we would not submit claims directly to payors, drug manufacturers can be held liable under the federal False Claims Act, which imposes
civil penalties, including through civil whistleblower or qui tam actions, against individuals or entities (including manufacturers)
for, among other things, knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented to federal programs (including Medicare and Medicaid) claims
for items or services, including drugs, that are false or fraudulent, claims for items or services not provided as claimed, or claims
for medically unnecessary items or services. The government may deem manufacturers to have "caused" the submission of false
or fraudulent claims by, for example, providing inaccurate billing or coding information to customers or promoting a product off-label.
Several biopharmaceutical, medical device and other healthcare companies have been prosecuted under federal false claims and civil monetary
penalty laws for, among other things, allegedly providing free product to customers with the expectation that the customers would bill
federal programs for the product. Other companies have been prosecuted for causing false claims to be submitted because of the companies'
marketing of products for unapproved (e.g., or off-label), and thus non-covered, uses. In addition, the civil monetary penalties statute
imposes penalties against any person who is determined to have presented or caused to be presented a claim to a federal health program
that the person knows or should know is for an item or service that was not provided as claimed or is false or fraudulent. Claims which
include items or services resulting from a violation of the federal AKS are false or fraudulent claims for purposes of the False Claims
Act.
Our
future marketing and activities relating to the reporting of wholesaler or estimated retail prices for our products, if approved, the
reporting of prices used to calculate Medicaid rebate information and other information affecting federal, state and third-party reimbursement
for our products, and the sale and marketing of our product candidates, are subject to scrutiny under these laws.
The
federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, or HIPAA, created additional federal criminal statutes that prohibit,
among other actions, knowingly and willfully executing, or attempting to execute, a scheme to defraud or to obtain, by means of false
or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises, any money or property owned by, or under the control or custody of, any healthcare
benefit program, including private third-party payors, knowingly and willfully embezzling or stealing from a healthcare benefit program,
willfully obstructing a criminal investigation of a healthcare offense and knowingly and willfully falsifying, concealing or covering
up a material fact or making any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statement in connection with the delivery of or payment for
healthcare benefits, items or services. Similar to the U.S. federal Anti-Kickback Statute, a person or entity does not need to have actual
knowledge of the statute or specific intent to violate it in order to have committed a violation.
63
In
addition, there has been a recent trend of increased federal and state regulation of payments made to physicians and certain other healthcare
providers. The Affordable Care Act, or the ACA, imposed, among other things, new annual reporting requirements through the Physician
Payments Sunshine Act for covered manufacturers for certain payments and "transfers of value" provided to physicians and
teaching hospitals, as well as ownership and investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family members. Failure to submit
timely, accurately and completely the required information for all payments, transfers of value and ownership or investment interests
may result in civil monetary penalties. Covered manufacturers must submit reports by the 90th day of each subsequent calendar year and
the reported information is publicly made available on a searchable website.
We
may also be subject to data privacy and security regulation by both the federal government and the states in which we conduct our business.
HIPAA, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act, or HITECH, and their respective implementing
regulations, including the Final HIPAA Omnibus Rule published on January 25, 2013, impose specified requirements relating to the privacy,
security and transmission of individually identifiable health information held by covered entities and their business associates. Among
other things, HITECH made HIPAAs security standards directly applicable to "business associates," defined as independent
contractors or agents of covered entities that create, receive, maintain or transmit protected health information in connection with
providing a service for or on behalf of a covered entity, although it is unclear that we would be considered a "business associate"
in the normal course of our business. HITECH also increased the civil and criminal penalties that may be imposed against covered entities,
business associates and possibly other persons, and gave state attorneys general new authority to file civil actions for damages or injunctions
in federal courts to enforce the federal HIPAA laws and seek attorney's fees and costs associated with pursuing federal civil actions.
In addition, state laws govern the privacy and security of health information in certain circumstances, many of which differ from each
other in significant ways and may not have the same requirements, thus complicating compliance efforts.
Similar
state and foreign fraud and abuse laws and regulations, such as state anti-kickback and false claims laws, may apply to sales or marketing
arrangements and claims involving healthcare items or services. Such laws are generally broad and are enforced by various state agencies
and private actions. Also, many states have similar fraud and abuse statutes or regulations that may be broader in scope and may apply
regardless of payor, in addition to items and services reimbursed under Medicaid and other state programs. Some state laws require pharmaceutical
companies to comply with the pharmaceutical industry's voluntary compliance guidelines and the relevant federal government compliance
guidance, and require drug manufacturers to report information related to payments and other transfers of value to physicians and other
healthcare providers, marketing expenditures or drug pricing.
In
order to distribute products commercially, we must comply with state laws that require the registration of manufacturers and wholesale
distributors of drug and biological products in a state, including, in certain states, manufacturers and distributors who ship products
into the state even if such manufacturers or distributors have no place of business within the state. Some states also impose requirements
on manufacturers and distributors to establish the pedigree of product in the chain of distribution, including some states that require
manufacturers and others to adopt new technology capable of tracking and tracing product as it moves through the distribution chain.
Several states have enacted legislation requiring pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to establish marketing compliance programs,
file periodic reports with the state, make periodic public disclosures on sales, marketing, pricing, clinical trials and other activities,
and/or register their sales representatives, as well as to prohibit pharmacies and other healthcare entities from providing certain physician
prescribing data to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies for use in sales and marketing, and to prohibit certain other sales and
marketing practices. All of our activities are potentially subject to federal and state consumer protection and unfair competition laws.
64
The
scope and enforcement of each of these laws is uncertain and subject to rapid change in the current environment of healthcare reform,
especially in light of the lack of applicable precedent and regulations. Federal and state enforcement bodies have recently increased
their scrutiny of interactions between healthcare companies and healthcare providers, which has led to a number of investigations, prosecutions,
convictions and settlements in the healthcare industry. It is possible that governmental authorities will conclude that our business
practices may not comply with current or future statutes, regulations or case law involving applicable fraud and abuse or other healthcare
laws and regulations. If our operations are found to be in violation of any of these laws or any other governmental regulations that
may apply to us, we may be subject to significant civil, criminal and administrative penalties, damages, fines, disgorgement, contractual
damages, reputational harm, diminished profits and future earnings, imprisonment, exclusion of drugs from government funded healthcare
programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid, and the curtailment or restructuring of our operations, as well as additional reporting obligations
and oversight if we become subject to a corporate integrity agreement or other agreement to resolve allegations of non-compliance with
these laws, any of which could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results. If any of the physicians
or other healthcare providers or entities with whom we expect to do business is found to be not in compliance with applicable laws, they
may be subject to significant criminal, civil or administrative sanctions, including exclusions from government funded healthcare programs.
Ensuring business arrangements comply with applicable healthcare laws, as well as responding to possible investigations by government
authorities, can be time- and resource-consuming and can divert a company's attention from the business.
Current
and Future Legislation
In
the United States and foreign jurisdictions, there have been a number of legislative and regulatory changes and proposed changes regarding
the healthcare system that could prevent or delay marketing approval of our product candidates, restrict or regulate post-approval activities
and affect our ability to profitably sell any product candidates for which we obtain marketing approval. We expect that current laws,
as well as other healthcare reform measures that may be adopted in the future, may result in more rigorous coverage criteria and additional
downward pressure on the price that we, or any collaborators, may receive for any approved products.
The
ACA, for example, contains provisions that subject biological products to potential competition by lower-cost biosimilars and may reduce
the profitability of drug products through increased rebates for drugs reimbursed by Medicaid programs, extend Medicaid rebates to Medicaid
managed care plans, provide for mandatory discounts for certain Medicare Part D beneficiaries and annual fees based on pharmaceutical
companies' share of sales to federal healthcare programs. With the President Trump administration and current Congress, there will
likely be additional administrative or legislative changes, including modification, repeal or replacement of all, or certain provisions
of the ACA, which may impact reimbursement for drugs and biologics. On January 20, 2017, President Trump signed an Executive Order directing
federal agencies with authorities and responsibilities under the ACA to waive, defer, grant exemptions from, or delay the implementation
of any provision of the ACA that would impose a fiscal or regulatory burden on states, individuals, healthcare providers, health insurers,
or manufacturers of pharmaceuticals or medical devices. On October 13, 2017, President Trump signed an Executive Order terminating the
cost-sharing subsidies that reimburse insurers under the ACA. Several state Attorneys General filed suit to stop the administration from
terminating the subsidies, but their lawsuit was dismissed by a federal judge in California on July 18, 2018. In addition, CMS has recently
finalized regulations that would give states greater flexibility in setting benchmarks for insurers in the individual and small group
marketplaces, which may have the effect of relaxing the essential health benefits required under the ACA for plans sold through such
marketplaces. Further, each chamber of Congress has put forth multiple bills, and may do so again in the future, designed to repeal or
repeal and replace portions of the ACA.
While
Congress has not passed repeal legislation, the Tax Reform Act includes a provision that repealed, effective January 1, 2019, the tax-based
shared responsibility payment imposed by the ACA on certain individuals who fail to maintain qualifying health coverage for all or part
of a year that is commonly referred to as the "individual mandate." Further, the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018, or the BBA,
among other things, amended the ACA, effective January 1, 2019, to increase from 50 percent to 70 percent the point-of-sale discount
that is owed by pharmaceutical manufacturers who participate in Medicare Part D and to close the coverage gap in most Medicare drug plans,
commonly referred to as the "donut hole." Congress may consider other legislation to repeal and replace elements of the ACA.
On December 14, 2018, a U.S. District Court judge in the Northern District of Texas ruled that the individual mandate portion of the
ACA is an essential and inseverable feature of the ACA, and therefore because the mandate was repealed as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs
Act, the remaining provisions of the ACA are invalid as well. The Trump administration and CMS have both stated that the ruling will
have no immediate effect, and on December 30, 2018 the same judge issued an order staying the judgment pending appeal. A Fifth Circuit
U.S. Court of Appeals hearing to determine whether certain states and the House of Representatives have standing to appeal the lower
court decision was held on July 9, 2019, but it is unclear when a Court will render its decision on this hearing, and what effect it
will have on the status of the ACA. Litigation and legislation over the ACA are likely to continue, with unpredictable and uncertain
results.
65
Additionally,
other federal health reform measures have been proposed and adopted in the United States since the ACA was enacted:
●
The
    Budget Control Act of 2011, among other things, created measures for spending reductions by Congress. A Joint Select Committee on
    Deficit Reduction, tasked with recommending a targeted deficit reduction of at least $1.2 trillion for the years 2013 through 2021,
    was unable to reach required goals, thereby triggering the legislation's automatic reduction to several government programs.
    These changes included aggregate reductions to Medicare payments to providers of up to 2% per fiscal year, which went into effect
    in April 2013 and, due to subsequent legislative amendments to the statute, including the BBA, will remain in effect through 2027,
    unless additional Congressional action is taken.
●
The
    American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, among other things, reduced Medicare payments to several providers, and increased the statute
    of limitations period for the government to recover overpayments to providers from three to five years.
●
The
    Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 required that CMS reduce the Medicare clinical laboratory fee schedule by 2%
    in 2013, which served as a base for 2014 and subsequent years. In addition, effective January 1, 2014, CMS also began bundling the
    Medicare payments for certain laboratory tests ordered while a patient received services in a hospital outpatient setting.
Further,
there has been heightened governmental scrutiny over the manner in which manufacturers set prices for their marketed products, which
have resulted in several recent Congressional inquiries and proposed and enacted bills designed to, among other things, bring more transparency
to product pricing, review the relationship between pricing and manufacturer patient programs, and reform government program reimbursement
methodologies for products. In addition, the U.S. government, state legislatures, and foreign governments have shown significant interest
in implementing cost containment programs, including price-controls, restrictions on reimbursement and requirements for substitution
of generic products for branded prescription drugs to limit the growth of government paid healthcare costs. For example, the U.S. government
has passed legislation requiring pharmaceutical manufacturers to provide rebates and discounts to certain entities and governmental payors
to participate in federal healthcare programs. Further, Congress and the current administration have each indicated that it will continue
to seek new legislative and/or administrative measures to control drug costs, and the current administration recently released a "Blueprint",
or plan, to reduce the cost of drugs. The Blueprint contains certain measures that the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services is
already working to implement. For example, in May 2019, CMS issued a final rule to allow Medicare Advantage Plans the option of using
step therapy for Part B drugs beginning January 1, 2020. This final rule codified CMS's policy change that was effective January
1, 2019. Congress and the Trump administration have each indicated that it will continue to seek new legislative and/or administrative
measures to control drug costs. Individual states in the United States have also been increasingly passing legislation and implementing
regulations designed to control pharmaceutical and biological product pricing, including price or patient reimbursement constraints,
discounts, restrictions on certain product access and marketing cost disclosure and transparency measures, and, in some cases, designed
to encourage importation from other countries and bulk purchasing.
Non-U.S.
Regulation
Before
our products can be marketed outside the United States, they are subject to regulatory approval of the respective authorities in the
country in which the product should be marketed. The requirements governing the conduct of clinical trials, product licensing, pricing
and reimbursement vary widely from country to country. No action can be taken to market any product in a country until an appropriate
application has been approved by the regulatory authorities in that country. The time spent in gaining approval varies from that required
for FDA approval, and in certain countries, the sales price of a product must also be approved. The pricing review period often begins
after market approval is granted. Even if a product is approved by a regulatory authority, satisfactory prices might not be approved
for such product.
66
Collaborations,
Partnerships and Agreements
Collaborations,
partnerships and agreements are a key component of Advaxis' corporate strategy. As a clinical stage biotechnology company without
sales revenue, partnerships are an essential part of the ongoing strategy. Additionally, the evolution of the field of immunotherapy
has resulted in combination treatments becoming ubiquitous; ongoing clinical studies and agreements with many of the leading, large oncology
pharmaceutical companies helps validate that
Lm
Technology may play a key role in the cancer treatment protocols of the future.
Our
collaborators and partners include Merck, OS Therapies, Biocon, Global BioPharma, Knight, and others. For more information, see Note
9, "Licensing Agreements" to our audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 on page
F-23 and Note 12 "Licensing Agreements" to our unaudited interim financial statements for the three months ended January
31, 2022 and 2021 on page F-43.
We
entered into an exclusive worldwide license agreement with Penn, on July 1, 2002 with respect to the innovative work of Yvonne Paterson,
Ph.D., Associate Dean for Research at the School of Nursing at Penn, and former Professor of Microbiology at Penn, in the area of innate
immunity, or the immune response attributed to immune cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages and natural killer cells, that respond
to pathogens non-specifically (subject to certain U.S. government rights). This agreement was amended and restated as of February 13,
2007, and, thereafter, has been amended from time to time.
This
license, unless sooner terminated in accordance with its terms, terminates upon the latter of (a) the expiration of the last to expire
of the Penn patent rights; or (b) twenty years after the effective date of the license. Penn may terminate the license agreement early
upon the occurrence of certain defaults by us, including, but not limited to, a material breach by us of the Penn license agreement that
is not cured within 60 days after notice of the breach is provided to us.
The
license provides us with the exclusive commercial rights to the patent portfolio developed by Penn as of the effective date of the license,
in connection with Dr. Paterson and requires us to pay various milestone, legal, filing and licensing payments to commercialize the technology.
In exchange for the license, Penn received shares of our common stock. In addition, Penn is entitled to receive a non-refundable initial
license fee, royalty payments and milestone payments based on net sales and percentages of sublicense fees and certain commercial milestones.
Under the amended licensing agreement, Penn is entitled to receive 2.5% of net sales in the territory. Should annual net sales exceed
$250 million, the royalty rate will increase to 2.75%, but only with respect to those annual net sales in excess of $250 million. Additionally,
Penn will receive tiered sales milestone payments upon the achievement of cumulative global sales ranging between $250 million and $2
billion, with the maximum aggregate amounts payable to Penn in the event that maximum sales milestones are achieved is $40 million. Notwithstanding
these royalty rates, upon first in-human commercial sale (U.S. & E.U.), we have agreed to pay Penn a total of $775,000 over a four-year
period as an advance minimum royalty, which shall serve as an advance royalty in conjunction with the above terms. In addition, under
the license, we are obligated to pay an annual maintenance fee of $100,000 commencing on December 31, 2010, and each December 31st thereafter
for the remainder of the term of the agreement until the first commercial sale of a Penn licensed product. We are responsible for filing
new patents and maintaining and defending the existing patents licensed to us and we are obligated to reimburse Penn for all attorney's
fees, expenses, official fees and other charges incurred in the preparation, prosecution and maintenance of the patents licensed from
Penn.
Upon
first regulatory approval in humans (US or EU), Penn will be entitled to a milestone payment of $600,000. Furthermore, upon the achievement
of the first sale of a product in certain fields, Penn will be entitled to certain milestone payments, as follows: $2.5 million will
be due upon the first in-human commercial sale (US or EU) of the first product in the cancer field and $1.0 million will be due upon
the date of first in-human commercial sale (US or EU) of a product in each of the secondary strategic fields sold.
Manufacturing
cGMPs,
are the standards identified to conform to requirements by governmental agencies that control authorization and licensure for manufacture
and distribution of biologic products for either clinical investigations or commercial sale. GMPs identify the requirements for procurement,
manufacturing, testing, storage, distribution and the supporting quality systems to ensure that a drug product is safe for its intended
application. cGMPs are enforced in the United States by the FDA, under the authorities of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and
its implementing regulations and use the phrase "current good manufacturing practices" to describe these standards.
Each
of Advaxis' wholly owned product candidates is manufactured using a platform process, with uniform methods and testing procedures.
This allows for an expedited pathway from construct discovery to clinical product delivery, while helping to keep cost of goods low.
Advaxis
has entered into agreements with multiple third-party organizations, or CMOs, to handle the manufacturing, testing, and distribution
of product candidates. These organizations have extensive experience within the biologics space and with the production of clinical and
commercial GMP supplies.
Advaxis
has constructed a state-of-the-art manufacturing facility and laboratory to develop and manufacture clinical-grade products, supporting
the clinical trials and future potential commercialization of the Company's therapeutics. Increased manufacturing capability and
capacity allows Advaxis to manufacture its own material and reduce reliance on CMOs, and improve supply flexibility, scalability, lead
times, and costs of goods. The Company's long-term manufacturing strategy is to leverage both their partners' capabilities
and their internal capabilities in order to build a supply chain that is reliable, flexible, and cost competitive.
67
Competition
The
biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries are characterized by rapid technological developments and a high degree of competition.
As a result, our actual or proposed immunotherapies could become obsolete before we recoup any portion of our related research and development
expenses. While we believe that our product candidates, technology, knowledge and experience provide us with competitive advantages,
we face competition from established and emerging pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, among others. The biotechnology and biopharmaceutical
industries are highly competitive, and this competition comes from both biotechnology firms and from major pharmaceutical companies,
including: BioNtech, Moderna, Gritstone, BMS, AstraZeneca, Merck, Neon Therapeutics, et al., each of which is pursuing cancer vaccines
and/or immunotherapies.
Many
of these companies have substantially greater financial, marketing, and human resources than we do (including, in some cases, substantially
greater experience in clinical testing, manufacturing, and marketing of pharmaceutical products). We also experience competition in the
development of our immunotherapies from universities and other research institutions and compete with others in acquiring technology
from such universities and institutions. In addition, certain of our immunotherapies may be subject to competition from investigational
new drugs and/or products developed using other technologies, some of which have completed numerous clinical trials.
Our
competition will be determined in part by the potential indications for which drugs are developed and ultimately approved by regulatory
authorities. Additionally, the timing of market introduction of some of our potential immunotherapies or of competitors' products
may be an important competitive factor. Accordingly, the speed with which we can develop immunotherapies, complete preclinical testing,
clinical trials and approval processes and supply commercial quantities to market are expected to be important competitive factors. We
expect that competition among products approved for sale will be based on various factors, including product efficacy, safety, administration,
reliability, acceptance, availability, price and patent position.
Experience
and Expertise
Our
management team has extensive experience in oncology development, including contract research, development, manufacturing and commercialization
across a board range of science, technologies, and process operations. We have built internal capabilities supporting research, clinical,
medical, manufacturing and compliance operations and have extended our expertise with collaborations.
Employees
As
of October 31, 2021, we had 15 employees, 14 of which were full time employees. Of our full-time employees, 1 holds a Ph.D. degree. None
of our employees are represented by a labor union, and we consider our relationship with our employees to be good.
We
will continue to rent necessary offices and laboratories to support our business.
Legal
Proceedings
Atachbarian
On
November 15, 2021, a purported stockholder of the Company commenced an action against the Company and certain of its directors in the
U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey, entitled Atachbarian v. Advaxis, Inc., et al., No. 3:21-cv-20006. The plaintiff alleges
that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties and violated Section 14(a) and Rule 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
and Rule 14A-9 promulgated thereunder by allegedly failing to disclose certain matters in the Registration Statement. On December 15,
2021, pursuant to an understanding reached with the plaintiff, the Company filed a Form 8-K with the SEC in which it made certain other
additional disclosures that mooted the demands asserted in the complaint. On December 17, 2021, the plaintiff filed a notice of voluntary
dismissal with prejudice. On February 7, 2022, the Company reached a settlement agreement, which is recorded in general and administrative
expenses in the consolidated income statement.
Purported
Stockholder Claims Related to Biosight Transaction
Between
September 16, 2021, and November 4, 2021, the Company received demand letters on behalf of six purported stockholders of the Company,
alleging that the Company failed to disclose certain matters in the Registration Statement, and demanding that the Company disclose such
information in a supplemental disclosure filed with the SEC. On October 14, 2021, the Company filed an Amendment to the Registration
Statement and on November 8, 2021, the Company filed a Form 8-K with the SEC in which it made certain other additional disclosures that
mooted the demands asserted in the above-referenced letters. The six plaintiffs have made a settlement demand. The Company believes it
has adequately accrued for a settlement, which is recorded in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated income statement.
In
addition, the Company received certain additional demands from stockholders asserting that the proxy materials filed by the Company in
connection with the Merger contained alleged material misstatements and/or omissions in violation of federal law. In response to these
demands, the Company agreed to make, and did make, certain supplemental disclosures to the proxy materials. At this time, the Company
is unable to predict the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome.
Stendhal
On
September 19, 2018, Stendhal filed a Demand for Arbitration before the International Centre for Dispute Resolution (Case No. 01-18-0003-5013)
relating to the Co-development and Commercialization Agreement with Especificos Stendhal SA de CV (the "Stendhal Agreement").
In the demand, Stendhal alleged that (i) the Company breached the Stendhal Agreement when it made certain statements regarding its AIM2CERV
program, (ii) that Stendhal was subsequently entitled to terminate the Agreement for cause, which it did so at the time and (iii) that
the Company owes Stendhal damages pursuant to the terms of the Stendhal Agreement. Stendhal is seeking to recover $3 million paid to
the Company in 2017 as support payments for the AIM2CERV clinical trial along with approximately $0.3 million in expenses incurred. Stendhal
is also seeking fees associated with the arbitration and interest. The Company has answered Stendhal's Demand for Arbitration and
denied that it breached the Stendhal Agreement. The Company also alleges that Stendhal breached its obligations to the Company by, among
other things, failing to make support payments that became due in 2018 and that Stendhal therefore owes the Company $3 million. Advaxis
is also seeking fees associated with the arbitration and interest.
From
October 21-23, 2019, an evidentiary hearing for the arbitration was conducted. On April 1, 2020, the Arbitrator issued a final award
denying Stendhal's claim in full. The Arbitrator found that the Company had not repudiated the Agreement and did not owe Stendhal
damages, fees, or interest associated with the arbitration. The Arbitrator also denied the Company's claim that Stendhal breached
its obligations to the Company. The parties were ordered to bear their own attorneys' fees and evenly split administrative fees
and expenses for the arbitration.
68
MANAGEMENT
The
following table set forth certain information regarding our officers and directors as of the date of this prospectus.
Name
Age
Position
Dr.
    David Sidransky
(2)(3)(4)(5)
61
Chairman
    of our Board of Directors
Dr.
    James P. Patton
(1)(4)(5)
64
Vice
    Chairman of our Board of Directors
Roni
    A. Appel
(1)(5)
55
Director
Kenneth
    A. Berlin
57
President
    and Chief Executive Officer, Director
Richard
    J. Berman
(1)(2)(3)(5)
79
Director
Dr.
    Samir N. Khleif
(2)(3)(4)(5)
58
Director
Andres
    Gutierrez
61
Chief
    Medical Officer and Executive Vice President
Igor
    Gitelman
46
Interim Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer, VP of Finance
(1)
Member
    of our Audit Committee.
(2)
Member
    of our Compensation Committee.
(3)
Member
    of our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee.
(4)
Member
    of our Research and Development Committee.
(5)
Independent
    director under Nasdaq listing rules.
Dr.
David Sidransky
Dr.
Sidransky currently serves as the Chairman of our Board of Directors and has served as a member of our Board of Directors since July
2013. He is a renowned oncologist and research scientist named and profiled by TIME magazine in 2001 as one of the top physicians and
scientists in America, recognized for his work with early detection of cancer. Since 1994, Dr. Sidransky has been the Director of the
Head and Neck Cancer Research Division and Professor of Oncology, Otolaryngology, Genetics, and Pathology at Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine. He has served as Chairman or Lead of the Board of Directors of Champions Oncology since October 2007 and was a director
and Vice-Chairman of ImClone Systems until its merger with Eli Lilly Inc. He is the Chairman of Tamir Biotechnology and Ayala and serves
on the Board of Directors of Galmed and Orgenesis. He has served on scientific advisory boards of MedImmune, Roche, Amgen, and Veridex,
LLC (a Johnson & Johnson diagnostic company), among others. Dr. Sidransky served as Director (2005-2008) of the American Association
for Cancer Research (AACR). He earned his B.S. from Brandeis University and his Medical Doctorate from Baylor College of Medicine. Dr.
Sidransky's experience in life science companies, as well as his scientific knowledge, qualify him to service as our director and
non-executive chairman.
Dr.
James P. Patton
Dr.
Patton currently serves as the Vice Chairman of our Board of Directors, has served as the Chairman of our Board and has been a member
of our Board of Directors since February 2002. Furthermore, Dr. Patton was the Chairman of our Board of Directors from November 2004
until December 2005, as well as a period from July 2013 until May 2015, and was our Chief Executive Officer from February 2002 to November
2002. Since February 1999, Dr. Patton has been the Vice President of Millennium Oncology Management, Inc., which is a consulting company
in the field of oncology services delivery. Dr. Patton was a trustee of Dundee Wealth US, a mutual fund family, from October 2006 through
September 2014. He is a founder and has been chairman of VAL Health, LLC, a health care consultancy, from 2011 to the present. In addition,
he was President of Comprehensive Oncology Care, LLC, a company that owned and operated a cancer treatment facility in Exton, Pennsylvania
from 1999 until its sale in 2008. From February 1999 to September 2003, Dr. Patton also served as a consultant to LibertyView Equity
Partners SBIC, LP, a venture capital fund based in Jersey City, New Jersey. From July 2000 to December 2002, Dr. Patton served as a director
of Pinpoint Data Corp. From February 2000 to November 2000, Dr. Patton served as a director of Healthware Solutions. From June 2000 to
June 2003, Dr. Patton served as a director of LifeStar Response. He earned his B.S. from the University of Michigan, his Medical Doctorate
from Medical College of Pennsylvania, and his M.B.A. from Penn's Wharton School. Dr. Patton was also a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Clinical Scholar. He has published papers regarding scientific research in human genetics, diagnostic test performance and medical economic
analysis. Dr. Patton's experience as a trustee and consultant to funds that invest in life science companies provide him with the
perspective from which we benefit. Additionally, Dr. Patton's medical experience and service as a principal and director of other
life science companies make Dr. Patton particularly qualified to serve as our director and non-executive vice chairman.
69
Roni
A. Appel
Mr.
Appel has served as a member of our Board of Directors since November 2004. He was our President and Chief Executive Officer from January
1, 2006 until December 2006 and Secretary and Chief Financial Officer from November 2004 to September 2006. From December 15, 2006 to
December 2007, Mr. Appel served as a consultant to us. Mr. Appel currently is a self-employed consultant and the Co-Founder and President
of Spirify Pharma Inc. Previously, he served as Chief Executive Officer of Anima Biotech Inc., from 2008 through January 31, 2013. From
1999 to 2004, he was a partner and managing director of LV Equity Partners (f/k/a LibertyView Equity Partners). From 1998 until 1999,
he was a director of business development at Americana Financial Services, Inc. From 1994 to 1996, he worked as an attorney. Mr. Appel
holds an M.B.A from Columbia University (1998) and an LL.B. from Haifa University (1994). Mr. Appel's longstanding service with
us and his entrepreneurial investment career in early stage biotech businesses qualify him to serve as our director.
Kenneth
Berlin
Mr.
Berlin has served as our President and Chief Executive Officer and a member of our Board of Directors since April 2018. Mr. Berlin previously
 served as our Interim Chief Financial Officer from September 2020 to May 2022. Prior to joining Advaxis, Mr. Berlin
served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Rosetta Genomics from November 2009 until April 2018. Prior to Rosetta Genomics, Mr.
Berlin was Worldwide General Manager at cellular and molecular cancer diagnostics developer Veridex, LLC, a Johnson & Johnson company.
At Veridex he grew the organization to over 100 employees, launched three cancer diagnostic products, led the acquisition of its cellular
diagnostics partner, and delivered significant growth in sales as Veridex transitioned from an R&D entity to a commercial provider
of oncology diagnostic products and services. Mr. Berlin joined Johnson & Johnson in 1994 and served as corporate counsel for six
years. From 2001 until 2004 he served as Vice President, Licensing and New Business Development in the pharmaceuticals group, and from
2004 until 2007 served as Worldwide Vice President, Franchise Development, Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics. Mr. Berlin holds an A.B. degree
from Princeton University and a J.D. from the University of California Los Angeles School of Law. Mr. Berlin's experience in life
science companies, as well as his business experience in general qualify him to service as our director.
Richard
J. Berman
Mr.
Berman has served as a member of our Board of Directors since September 1, 2005. Richard Berman's business career spans over 35
years of venture capital, senior management and merger and acquisitions experience. In the past 5 years, Mr. Berman has served as a director
and/or officer of over a dozen public and private companies. From 2006-2011, he was Chairman of National Investment Managers, a company
with $12 billion in pension administration assets. Mr. Berman currently serves as a director of four public healthcare companies Cryoport
Inc., Advaxis, Inc., BioVie, Inc. and BriaCell Therapeutics. Recently, he became a director of Comsovereign Holding Corp, a leader in
the drone market. From 2002 to 2010, he was a director at Nexmed Inc. (now Apricus Biosciences, Inc.) where he also served as Chairman/CEO
in 2008 and 2009. From 1998-2000, he was employed by Internet Commerce Corporation (now Easylink Services) as Chairman and CEO and served
as director from 1998-2012. Previously, Mr. Berman worked at Goldman Sachs, was Senior Vice President of Bankers Trust Company, where
he started the M&A and Leveraged Buyout Departments, created the largest battery company in the world in the 1980s by merging Prestolite,
General Battery and Exide to form Exide Technologies (XIDE), helped to create what is now Soho (NYC) by developing five buildings, and
advised on over $4 billion of M&A transactions (completed over 300 deals). He is a past Director of the Stern School of Business
of NYU where he obtained his B.S. and M.B.A. He also has US and foreign law degrees from Boston College and The Hague Academy of International
Law, respectively. Mr. Berman's extensive knowledge of our industry, his role in the governance of publicly held companies and
his directorships in other life science companies qualify him to serve as our director.
70
Dr.
Samir Khleif
Dr.
Khleif has served as a member of our Board of Directors since October 2014. He currently serves as the Director of the State of Georgia
Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center and the Cancer Service Line. Dr. Khleif was formerly Chief of the Cancer Vaccine
Section at the NCI, and also served as a Special Assistant to the Commissioner of the FDA leading the Critical Path Initiative for oncology.
Dr. Khleif is a Georgia Research Alliance Distinguished Cancer Scientist and Clinician and holds a professorship in Medicine, Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, and Graduate Studies at Georgia Regents University. Dr. Khleif's research program at Georgia Regents University
Cancer Center focuses on understanding the mechanisms of cancer-induced immune suppression, and utilizing this knowledge for the development
of novel immune therapeutics and vaccines against cancer. His research group designed and performed some of the first cancer vaccine
clinical trials targeting specific genetic changes in cancer cells. He led many national efforts and committees on the development of
biomarkers and integration of biomarkers in clinical trials, including the AACR-NCI-FDA Cancer Biomarker Collaborative and the ASCO Alternative
Clinical Trial Design. Dr. Khleif is the author of many book chapters and scientific articles on tumor immunology and biomarkers process
development, and he is the editor for two textbooks on cancer therapeutics, tumor immunology, and cancer vaccines. Dr. Khleif was inducted
into the American Society for Clinical Investigation, received the National Cancer Institute's Director Golden Star Award, the
National Institutes of Health Award for Merit, the Commendation Medal of the US Public Health Service, and he was recently appointed
to the Institute of Medicine National Cancer Policy Forum. Dr. Khleif's distinguished career as well as his extensive expertise
in vaccines and immunotherapies qualify him to serve as our director.
Andres
Gutierrez, M.D., Ph.D.
Dr.
Gutierrez has served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer since April 2018. Prior to joining Advaxis, Dr. Gutierrez
served as Chief Medical Officer for Oncolytics Biotech, Inc. from November 2016 to April 2018. Prior to Oncolytics, Dr. Gutierrez was
Chief Medical Officer at SELLAS Life Sciences Group from November 2015 to September 2016 and was Medical Director, Early Development
Immuno-Oncology at Bristol-Myers Squibb from October 2012 to November 2015, where he oversaw the development of translational and clinical
development of immuno-oncology programs in solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Earlier, Dr. Gutierrez was Medical Director for
several biotechnology companies, including Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Proteolix and Oculus Innovative Sciences,
leading key programs with talazoparib and carfilzomib, among others. Prior to Oculus, he served as Director of the Gene & Cell Therapy
Unit at the National Institutes of Health in Mexico City and as a consultant physician at the Hospital Angeles del Pedregal.
Igor
Gitelman
Mr. Gitelman
has served as the Company's Interim Chief Financial Officers since May 2022, VP of Finance since November 2020 and Chief Accounting
Officer since February 2021. Before joining the Company, Mr. Gitelman served as CFO Executive Financial Consultant for Accu Reference
Medical Labs, a clinical diagnostic laboratory. Before that, from February 2017 through November 2018, Mr. Gitelman served as a chief
accounting officer of Cancer Genetics, Inc., a drug discovery, preclinical oncology, and immuno-oncology services company. Prior to that,
Mr. Gitelman served as an Assistant to Vice President (AVP) of Finance and Tax at clinical diagnostic laboratory, BioReference Laboratories,
Inc., from October 2005 to October 2016. During this time at BioReference Laboratories, Inc., Mr. Gitelman held various positions of
increasing responsibility managing the company's internal audit function, SEC financial reporting, tax and corporate finance functions.
Director
Independence
Each
of our incumbent non-employee directors is independent in accordance with the definition set forth in the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market
LLC, though our shares of common stock are not currently listed on that exchange. Each nominated member of each of our Board committees
is an independent director under the Nasdaq standards applicable to such committees. The Board considered the information included in
transactions with related parties as outlined below along with other information the Board considered relevant, when considering the
independence of each director.
The
Audit Committee
The
Audit Committee of our Board of Directors is currently composed of three directors, all of whom satisfy the independence and other standards
for Audit Committee members under the Nasdaq rules and the Exchange Act rules. The Audit Committee is responsible for recommending the
engagement of auditors to the full Board, reviewing the results of the audit engagement with the independent registered public accounting
firm, identifying irregularities in the management of our business in consultation with our independent accountants, and suggesting an
appropriate course of action, reviewing the adequacy, scope, and results of the internal accounting controls and procedures, reviewing
the degree of independence of the auditors, as well as the nature and scope of our relationship with our independent registered public
accounting firm, and reviewing the auditors' fees. As of the date of this prospectus, the Audit Committee is composed of Messrs.
Berman and Appel and Dr. Patton, with Mr. Berman serving as the Audit Committee's financial expert as defined under Item 407 of
Regulation S-K and Nasdaq listing rules.
71
Compensation
Committee
The
Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors currently consists of Mr. Berman, and Drs. Khleif and Sidransky. The Compensation Committee
determines the salaries, bonuses, and incentive and equity compensation of our officers subject to applicable employment agreements,
provides recommendations for the salaries and incentive compensation of our other employees and consultants, and reviews and oversees
our compensation programs and policies generally. For executives other than the Chief Executive Officer, the Compensation Committee receives
and considers performance evaluations and compensation recommendations submitted to the Committee by the Chief Executive Officer. In
the case of the Chief Executive Officer, the evaluation of his performance is conducted by the Compensation Committee, which determines
any adjustments to his compensation as well as awards to be granted. The agenda for meetings of the Compensation Committee is usually
determined by its Chairman, with the assistance of the Company's Chief Executive Officer.
Nominating
and Corporate Governance Committee
The
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of our Board of Directors currently consists of Mr. Berman, and Drs. Patton, Khleif and
Sidransky. The functions of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee include identifying and recommending to the Board individuals
qualified to serve as members of the Board and on the committees of the Board, advising the Board with respect to matters of board composition,
procedures and committees, developing and recommending to the Board a set of corporate governance principles applicable to us and overseeing
corporate governance matters generally including review of possible conflicts and transactions with persons affiliated with directors
or members of management, and overseeing the annual evaluation of the Board and our management.
Research
and Development Committee
The
Research and Development Committee was established in August 2013 with the purpose of providing advice and guidance to the Board on scientific
and medical matters and development. The Research and Development Committee currently consists of Drs. Sidransky, Khleif and Patton.
The functions of the Research and Development Committee include providing advice and guidance to the Board on scientific matters and
providing advice and guidance to the Board on medical matters.
72
COMPENSATION
OF DIRECTORS
The
table below summarizes the compensation that was earned by our non-employee directors for fiscal year 2021:
Name
Fees Earned or Paid
in Cash ($) (1)
Option
Awards ($) (2)
Total ($)
Dr. David Sidransky
105,000
-
105,000
Dr. James Patton
87,500
-
87,500
Roni A. Appel
62,500
-
62,500
Richard J. Berman
72,500
-
72,500
Dr. Samir N. Khleif
67,500
-
67,500
(1)
Represents
    the annual retainers paid in cash for director services in fiscal year 2021.
(2)
Reflects
    the aggregate grant date fair value of stock options determined in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. The assumptions used in determining
    the grant date fair values of the stock options are set forth in Note 7 to the Company's financial statements.
73
EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION
The
following table sets forth the compensation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, and our "named executive
officers," for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020:
Summary
Compensation Table
Name and Principal Position
Fiscal
Year
Salary
Bonus
(1)
Stock
Award(s)
Option
Award(s)
(2)
All Other
Compensation
(3)
Total
Kenneth Berlin
(4)
2021
$
569,670
$
-
-
$
-
$
55,728
$
625,398
President, Chief Executive Officer
2020
$
554,320
$
554,320
-
$
26,000
$
53,809
$
1,188,449
Igor Gitelman
(4)
2021
$
259,135
$
-
-
$
15,777
$
38,733
$
313,645
Interim Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer, VP of Finance
2020
$
-
$
-
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
Andres Gutierrez
(4)
2021
$
438,208
$
-
-
$
-
$
33,824
$
472,032
Senior VP, Chief Medical Officer
2020
$
426,130
$
170,560
-
$
26,000
$
27,575
$
650,265
(1)
Represents annual incentive bonuses for services performed during fiscal 2020, which in each case were paid in the following
    fiscal year. In fiscal 2020, the NEOs received bonuses approximating 100% for Mr. Berlin and 40% for Dr. Gutierrez. These bonuses
    reflect achievement of corporate goals and objectives for fiscal 2020.
(2)
Reflects the aggregate grant date fair value of stock options determined in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. The assumptions
    used in determining the grant date fair values of the stock options are set forth in Note 7 to the Company's financial statements.
(3)
All Other Compensation is more fully described in the table under "All Other Compensation – Supplemental"
    below.
(4)
Mr. Berlin and Mr. Gutierrez began their employment with the Company as the CEO and the CMO, respectively, in April 2018. Mr.
    Gitelman began his employment with the Company as VP of Finance in November 2020 and has been our Chief Accounting Officer
    since February 2021 and our  Interim Chief Financial Officer since May 2022.
All
Other Compensation – Supplemental
Fiscal
Health
Insurance
Premiums
Life and AD&D Insurance
Matching
Contributions
to 401(k) Plan
Other
Total
Name and Principal Position
Year
$
$
$
$
$
Kenneth Berlin
2021
32,526
696
21,906
600
55,728
President, Chief Executive Officer
2020
26,402
5,568
21,239
600
53,809
Igor Gitelman
2021
29,442
665
8,049
577
38,733
Interim Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer, VP of Finance
2020
-
-
-
-
-
Andres Gutierrez
2021
32,526
698
-
600
33,824
Senior VP, Chief Medical Officer
2020
26,399
576
-
600
27,575
74
Employment
Agreements with Named Executive Officers
The
Company appointed Mr. Berlin as President and Chief Executive Officer, effective April 23, 2018. The Company and Mr. Berlin entered into
an employment agreement, effective April 23, 2018, which provides for an initial three-year term, after which it will be automatically
renewed for one year periods, unless otherwise terminated by either party upon ninety (90) days' written notice. The employment
agreement provides that Mr. Berlin will receive a base salary of $576,493 per year, as adjusted for annual increases by the Compensation
Committee since entry of the agreement, and he is eligible for an annual bonus targeted at 55% of his base salary based on achievement
of performance goals in the discretion of the Compensation Committee. Mr. Berlin also received a one-time lump-sum bonus equal to $150,000
that was paid within fifteen (15) days following the effective date of the agreement. Mr. Berlin also received 50,000 stock options and
16,667 restricted stock units (both as adjusted to account for our 1 for 15 reverse stock split effective March 29, 2019), which vest
in equal instalments over the first three years of his employment. In May 2020, Mr. Berlin received an additional 50,000 stock options,
which vest in equal instalments of 16,667 options on the first three anniversary dates of the grant.
The
Company appointed Mr. Gitelman as Chief Accounting Officer, effective February 11, 2021. Mr. Gitelman does not have an employment agreement
with the Company. In November 2020, Mr. Gitelman received an 50,000 stock options, which vest in equal instalments of 16,667 options
on the first three anniversary dates of the grant.
The
Company appointed Mr. Gutierrez as Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer, effective April 23, 2018. The Company and Mr.
Gutierrez entered into an employment agreement, effective April 23, 2018, which provides for an initial three-year term, after which
it will be automatically renewed for one year periods, unless otherwise terminated by either party upon ninety (90) days' written
notice. The employment agreement provides that Mr. Gutierrez will receive a base salary of $443,456 per year, as adjusted for annual
increases by the Compensation Committee since entry of the agreement, and eligible for an annual bonus based on achievement of performance
goals at the discretion of the Compensation Committee. Mr. Gutierrez also received a one-time lump-sum bonus equal to $40,000 that was
paid within the first ninety (90) days following the effective date of the agreement. Mr. Gutierrez also received 16,667 stock options
(as adjusted to account for our 1 for 15 reverse stock split effective March 29, 2019), which vest annually on the first three anniversaries
of his employment as an equity incentive award. In May 2020, Mr. Gutierrez received an additional 50,000 stock options, which vest in
equal installments of 16,667 options on the first three anniversary dates of the grant.
In
the event Mr. Gutierrez employment is terminated without Just Cause, or if he voluntarily resigns with Good Reason, or if his employment
is terminated due to disability (all as defined in their respective employment agreements), and so long as he executes a confidential
separation and release agreement, in addition to the applicable base salary, plus any accrued but unused vacation time and unpaid expenses
that have been earned as of the date of such termination, he is entitled to the following severance benefits: (i) twelve months of base
salary payable in in equal monthly installments, (ii) a bonus payment for the year in which the employment is terminated equal to the
target bonus percentage, multiplied by the base salary in effect at the time of termination, (iii) continued health and welfare benefits
for 12 months, and (iv) full vesting of all stock options and stock awards (with extension of the exercise period for stock options by
two years).
In
the event Mr. Berlin's employment is terminated without Just Cause during the period beginning 3 months prior to a Change in Control
(as defined in Mr. Berlin's employment agreement) and ending 18 months after the Change in Control (such period, the "CIC
Protection Period"), or if Mr. Berlin voluntarily resigns with Good Reason, during the CIC Protection Period, and provided that
Mr. Berlin continues to comply with certain covenants set forth in his employment agreement, in addition to the applicable base salary
and any earned but unpaid bonus for the prior fiscal year, plus any accrued but unused vacation time and unpaid expenses that have been
earned as of the date of such termination, Mr. Berlin is entitled to the following severance benefits: (i) an amount equal to 1.75 times
the sum of the applicable base salary plus an amount equal to Mr. Berlin's target bonus, payable in a single lump sum within sixty
(60) days of the termination, (ii) a bonus payment for the year in which the employment is terminated equal to the target bonus percentage,
multiplied by the base salary in effect at the time of termination, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of
calendar days Mr. Berlin was employed during such year and the denominator is 365, (iii) continued health and welfare benefits for 21
months, and (iv) full vesting and exercisability of all stock options and stock awards.
The
named executive officer employment agreements contain customary covenants regarding non-solicitation, non-compete, confidentiality and
works for hire.
75
Potential
Payments Upon Termination or Change-in-Control
Termination
of Employment
As
described above under "Employment Agreements with Named Executive Officers," the Company has entered into employment agreements
with two of the named executive officers that provide for certain severance payments and benefits in the event the named executive officer's
employment with the Company is terminated under certain circumstances.
In
addition, upon a Change in Control of the Company, unvested equity awards held by two of the executive officers will be accelerated as
follows: (i) outstanding stock options and other awards in the nature of rights that may be exercised shall become fully vested and exercisable,
(ii) time-based restrictions on restricted stock, restricted stock units and other equity awards shall lapse and the awards shall become
fully vested, and (iii) performance-based equity awards, if any, shall become vested and shall be deemed earned based on an assumed achievement
of all relevant performance goals at "target" levels, and shall payout pro rata to reflect the portion of the performance
period that had elapsed prior to the Change in Control.
The
table below shows the estimated value of benefits to each of the named executive officers if their employment had been terminated under
various circumstances as of October 31, 2021. The amounts shown in the table exclude accrued but unpaid base salary, unreimbursed employment-related
expenses, accrued but unpaid vacation pay, and the value of equity awards that were vested by their terms as of October 31, 2021.
Involuntary
Termination
without a
Change in
Control ($)
Involuntary
Termination
in
    connection with
a Change in
Control ($)
Death
($)
Disability ($)
Termination for Cause;
Voluntary
Resignation ($)
Kenneth Berlin
Cash severance
576,493
(1)
1,563,737
(5)
-
576,493
(1)
-
Bonus
317,071
(7)
317,071
(2)
317,071
(2)
317,071
(7)
-
Health benefits
34,885
(3)
61,049
(6)
-
34,885
(3)
-
Value of equity Acceleration
2,917
(4)
2,917
(4)
2,917
(4)
2,917
(4)
-
Total
931,366
1,944,774
319,988
931,366
-
Andres Gutierrez
Cash severance
443,456
(1)
443,456
(1)
-
443,456
(1)
-
Bonus
177,382
(7)
177,382
(7)
177,382
(7)
177,382
(7)
-
Health benefits
34,885
(3)
34,885
(6)
-
34,885
(3)
-
Value of equity Acceleration
1,458
(4)
1,458
(4)
1,458
(4)
1,458
(4)
-
Total
657,181
657,181
178,840
657,181
-
Igor Gitelman
Cash severance
-
-
-
-
-
Bonus
-
-
-
-
-
Health benefits
-
-
-
-
-
Value of equity Acceleration
-
-
-
-
-
Total
-
-
-
-
-
(1)
Reflects
    severance payment equal to one times base salary payable in equal monthly instalments for 12 months.
(2)
Reflects
    pro rata bonus determined by multiplying the target bonus amount for the year in which the termination occurs by a fraction, the
    numerator of which is the number of calendar days the executive is employed during such year and the denominator of which is 365.
    Because the amounts reflected in the table assume the named executive officer's employment was terminated on October 31, 2021
    (the last day of the 2021 fiscal year), the amounts reflected are not pro-rated.
76
(3)
Reflects
    the Company's cost of continued health coverage at active employee rates for 12 months.
(4)
Reflects
    the value of unvested in-the-money stock options that vest upon the designated event.
(5)
For
    Mr. Berlin, reflects 1.75 times the sum of his base salary and target bonus, payable in equal monthly installments for 21 months.
    For the other named executive officer, equals one times base salary, payable in equal monthly installments for 12 months.
(6)
Reflects
    the full cost of continued health coverage for 21 months for Mr. Berlin and 12 months for the other named executive officer.
(7)
Represents
    a bonus payment equal to the executive's target bonus.
Outstanding
Equity Awards at 2021 Fiscal Year-End
The
following table summarizes all outstanding equity awards held by our named executive officers at fiscal year-end. The market or payout
value of unearned shares, units or rights that have not vested equals $0.485, which was the closing price of Advaxis' shares of
common stock on Nasdaq on October 31, 2021 and for performance based restricted stock units presumes that the target performance goals
are met.
Name
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Exercisable
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Unexercisable
Option
Exercise
Price ($)
Option
Expiration
Date
Number of
Shares or
Units of Stock
That Have Not
Vested (#)
Value of
Shares or
Units of Stock
That Have Not
Vested ($)
Kenneth Berlin
50,000
-
(1)
24.30
4/23/2028
-
-
14,222
7,111
(2)
8.10
11/5/2028
-
-
33,333
16,667
(3)
0.31
10/24/2029
-
-
16,667
33,333
(4)
0.66
5/4/2030
-
-
Igor Gitelman
-
50,000
(6)
0.39
11/16/2030
-
-
Andres Gutierrez
16,667
-
(5)
24.30
4/23/2028
-
-
5,556
2,777
(2)
8.10
11/05/2028
-
-
16,667
8,333
(3)
0.31
10/24/2029
-
16,667
33,333
(4)
0.66
5/4/2030
-
-
(1)
Of
    these options, one-third vested on December 31, 2018, one-third vested on April 23, 2020, and the award was fully vested on April
    23, 2021.
(2)
Of
    these options, one-third vested on November 5, 2019, one-third vested on November 5, 2020, and the award will be fully vested on
    November 5, 2021.
(3)
Of
    these options, one-third vested on October 24, 2020, one-third vested on October 24, 2021, and the award will be fully vested on
    October 24, 2022.
(4)
Of
    these options, one-third vested on May 4, 2021, one-third vested on May 4, 2022, and the award will be fully vested on May
    4, 2023.
(5)
Of
    these options, one-third vested on April 23, 2019, one-third vested on April 23, 2020, and the award was fully vested on April 23,
    2021.
(6)
Of
    these options, one-third vested on November 16, 2021, one-third will vest on November 16, 2022, and the award will be fully
    vested on November 16, 2023.
77
SECURITY
OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The
following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock by (a) each person who is known
to us to be the owner of more than five percent (5%) of shares of our common stock, (b) each of our directors, (c) each of the named
executive officers, and (d) all directors and executive officers and executive employees as a group. For purposes of the table, a person
or group of persons is deemed to have beneficial ownership of any shares that such person has the right to acquire within 60 days of
April 30, 2022. The percentage of ownership is based on 145,638,459 shares outstanding as of April 30, 2022. Unless otherwise indicated
by footnote, the address for each of the beneficial owners set forth in the table below is c/o Advaxis, Inc., 9 Deer Park Drive, Suite
K-1, Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852. Unless otherwise indicated, the persons or entities identified in this table have sole voting and investment
power with respect to all shares shown as beneficially owned by them, subject to applicable community property laws.
Name of Beneficial Owner
Total # of Shares Beneficially Owned
Percentage of Ownership Before
    this Offering
Percentage of Ownership After
    this Offering
Kenneth Berlin
(1)
159,666
*
%
*
%
Igor Gitelman
(2)
16,667
*
%
*
%
David Sidransky
(3)
33,355
*
%
*
%
Roni Appel
(4)
36,993
*
%
*
%
Richard Berman
(5)
28,446
*
%
*
%
Samir Khleif
(6)
32,307
*
%
*
%
James Patton
(7)
44,212
*
%
*
%
Andres Gutierrez
(8)
78,750
*
%
*
%
All Current Directors and Officers as a Group (8 People)
(9)
430,396
*
%
*
%
*Less
than 1%
(1)
Represents 21,667 issued shares of our common stock and options to purchase 137,999 shares of our Common Stock exercisable within
60 days.
(2)
Represents options to purchase 16,667 shares of our common stock exercisable within 60 days.
(3)
Represents 7,355 issued shares of our common stock and options to purchase 26,000 shares of our common stock exercisable within
60 days.
(4)
Represents 10,476 issued shares of our common stock, options to purchase 24,628 shares of our common stock exercisable within 60
days and warrants to purchase 1,889 shares of our common stock exercisable within 60 days.
(5)
Represents 3,711 issued shares of our common stock and options to purchase 24,735 shares of our common stock exercisable within
60 days.
(6)
Represents 4,639 issued shares of our common stock and options to purchase 27,668 shares of our common stock exercisable within
60 days.
(7)
Represents 19,117 issued shares of our common stock and options to purchase 25,095 shares of our common stock exercisable within
60 days.
(8)
Represents 3,750 issued shares of our common stock and options to purchase 75,000 shares of our common stock exercisable within
60 days.
(9)
Represents 70,715 issued shares of our common stock, options to purchase 357,792 shares of our common stock exercisable within
60 days and warrants to purchase 1,889 shares of our common stock exercisable within 60 days.
78
Securities
Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
Equity
Compensation Plan Information
The
following table includes information related to shares available and outstanding awards under our equity incentive plans as of October
31, 2021:
Plan Category
Number of
Securities to be
issued upon
Exercise of
outstanding
Options,
Warrants and
Rights (#)
Weighted-average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding Options,
Warrants and Rights ($)
Number of
Securities
Remaining
Available for
Future Issuance
Under Equity
Compensation
Plans (#)
Equity Compensation Plans approved by security holders
893,946
19.32
5,127,985
Equity Compensation Plans not approved by security holders
-
-
-
TOTAL:
893,946
19.32
5,127,985
Compensation
Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
The
members of the Compensation Committee during the 2021 fiscal year were of Mr. Berman, and Drs. Khleif and Sidransky. During the 2021
fiscal year, no member of our Compensation Committee was an officer, former officer or employee of the Company or had any direct or indirect
material interest in a transaction with us or in a business relationship with the Company that would require disclosure under the applicable
rules of the SEC. In addition, no interlocking relationship existed between any member of our Compensation Committee, any member of our
Board, or one of our executive officers, and any member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any other company.
Compensation
Committee Report
Our
Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis with management. Based on this review and
discussion, our Compensation Committee recommended to our Board of Directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included
in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The
    Compensation Committee
Dr.
    David Sidransky – Chair
Dr.
    Samir Khleif
Richard
    Berman
79
CERTAIN
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS, DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Our
policy is to enter into transactions with related parties on terms that, on the whole, are no more favorable, or no less favorable, than
those available from unaffiliated third parties. Based on our experience in the business sectors in which we operate and the terms of
our transactions with unaffiliated third parties, we believe that all transactions that we enter will meet this policy standard at the
time they occur. Presently, we have no such related party transactions.
Director
Independence
In
accordance with the disclosure requirements of the SEC, we have adopted the Nasdaq listing standards for independence. Each of our non-employee
directors is independent in accordance with the definition set forth in the Nasdaq rules. Each nominated member of each of our Board
committees is an independent director under the Nasdaq standards applicable to such committees. The Board considered the information
included in transactions with related parties as outlined below along with other information the Board considered relevant, when considering
the independence of each director.
80
DESCRIPTION
OF SECURITIES
The
following is a summary of certain rights and privileges of the shares of common stock of Advaxis, Inc. ("Advaxis," "we,"
"our," or the "Company").
This
summary does not purport to be complete. Reference is made to the provisions of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation,
and our Amended and Restated Bylaws.
Common
Stock
Under
our Certificate of Incorporation, our is authorized to issue 170,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 5,000,000
shares of "blank check" preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. As of April 30, 2022, we had outstanding 145,638,459
shares of common stock. Contingent on the pricing of this offering, we expect our outstanding shares of common stock to be subject to
a one-for- reverse stock split.
Dividends
Holders
of shares of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably any dividends declared by our Board of Directors (the "Board")
out of funds legally available for that purpose, subject to any preferential dividend rights of any outstanding Preferred Stock ("Preferred
Stock"). All outstanding shares are fully-paid and non-assessable.
Conversion
Rights
The
shares of common stock are not convertible into other securities.
Sinking
Fund Provisions
Shares
of our common stock have no sinking fund provisions.
Redemption
Provisions
Shares
of our common stock have no right to redemption.
Voting
Rights
The
holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on each matter submitted to a vote of stockholders.
Holders of shares of our common stock do not have a cumulative voting right, which means that the holders of more than one-half of the
outstanding shares of common stock, subject to the rights of the holders of the Preferred Stock, if any, can elect all of our directors,
if they choose to do so. In this event, the holders of the remaining shares of common stock would not be able to elect any directors.
Our Board is not classified.
Except
as otherwise required by Delaware law, and subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Stock, if any, all stockholder action is
taken by the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock voting as a single class present at a meeting of stockholders
at which a quorum consisting of one-third of the outstanding shares of common stock is present in person or proxy.
Liquidation
Rights
In
the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs, holders of shares common stock would
be entitled to share ratably in our assets that are legally available for distribution to stockholders after payment of liabilities and
applicable distribution to the holders of our Preferred Stock (if any outstanding).
Preemption
Rights
Shares
of our common stock have no right to preemption.
81
Certificate
of Incorporation and Bylaws Provisions
Our
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws contain provisions that could have the effect of discouraging potential acquisition proposals
or making a tender offer or delaying or preventing a change in control, including changes a stockholder might consider favorable. In
particular, the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, as applicable, among other things:
●
provide
    our Board with the ability to alter its Bylaws without stockholder approval; and
●
provide
    that vacancies on our Board may be filled by a majority of directors in office, although less than a quorum.
Such
provisions may have the effect of discouraging a third party from acquiring us, even if doing so would be beneficial to our stockholders.
These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continuity and stability in the composition of our Board and in the policies
formulated by them, and to discourage some types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened change in control of us. These
provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal and to discourage some tactics that may be
used in proxy fights. We believe that the benefits of increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate with the proponent of
an unfriendly or unsolicited proposal to acquire or restructure us outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging such proposals because,
among other things, negotiation of such proposals could result in an improvement of their terms. However, these provisions could have
the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts.
These provisions also may have the effect of preventing changes in our management.
Stock
Exchange Listing
Shares
of our common stock are listed on the OTCQX under the symbol "ADXS." We have applied to list our common stock on the Nasdaq
under the symbol "ADXS". Although we believe that as of the consummation of this offering, we will meet the listing criteria
for listing of our common stock on Nasdaq, there is no assurance that our application will be approved.
On May 10, 2022, we were
notified by the OTCQX that our common stock closed below $0.10 for more than 30 consecutive calendar days and no longer meets the Standards
for Continued Qualification for the OTCQX U.S. tier as per the OTCQX Rules for U.S. Companies. If the bid price for the common stock
has not stayed at or above the $0.10 minimum for ten consecutive trading days by November 7, 2022, then our common stock will be moved
from OTCQX to the OTC Pink market.
Common
Stock Purchase Warrants to be Issued as Part of this Offering
The
following summary of certain terms and provisions of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants that are being offered hereby is not complete
and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the provisions of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants, the form of which is filed
as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Prospective investors should carefully review the
terms and provisions of the form of Common Stock Purchase Warrants for a complete description of the terms and conditions of the Common
Stock Purchase Warrants.
Duration
and Exercise Price
Each
Common Stock Purchase Warrant included in the units will have an initial exercise price equal to $ per share of common stock. The Common
Stock Purchase Warrants will be immediately exercisable and will expire on the                                         anniversary  of the original issuance date. The exercise
price and number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of stock dividends,
stock splits, reorganizations or similar events affecting shares of our common stock and the exercise price. A Common Stock Purchase
Warrant to purchase one share of our common stock.
Cashless
Exercise
If,
at the time a holder exercises its Common Stock Purchase Warrants, a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of
common stock underlying the Common Stock Purchase Warrants under the Securities Act is not then effective or available for the issuance
of such shares, then in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to us upon such exercise in payment of the
aggregate exercise price, the holder may elect instead to receive upon such exercise (either in whole or in part) the net number of shares
of common stock determined according to a formula set forth in the Common Stock Purchase Warrants.
82
Exercisability
The
Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part, by delivering to us a duly executed
exercise notice accompanied by payment in full for the number of shares of our common stock purchased upon such exercise (except in the
case of a cashless exercise as discussed below). A holder (together with its affiliates) may not exercise any portion of the Common Stock
Purchase Warrant to the extent that the holder would own more than 4.99% of the outstanding shares of common stock immediately after
exercise, except that upon at least 61 days' prior notice from the holder to us, the holder may increase the amount of ownership
of outstanding stock after exercising the holder's Common Stock Purchase Warrants up to 9.99% of the number of shares of our common
stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the
terms of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants. Purchasers of Common Stock Purchase Warrants in this offering may also elect prior to the
issuance of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants to have the initial exercise limitation set at 9.99% of our outstanding shares common
stock.
Fractional
Shares
No
fractional shares of common stock will be issued upon the exercise of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants. Rather, the number of shares
of common stock to be issued will be rounded to the nearest whole number, or the Company shall pay a cash adjustment in respect of the
fractional share.
Transferability
Subject
to applicable laws, the Common Stock Purchase Warrants may be offered for sale, sold, transferred or assigned without our consent. There
is currently no trading market for the Common Stock Purchase Warrants.
Exchange
Listing
There
is no trading market available for the Common Stock Purchase Warrants on any securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system.
We do not intend to list the Common Stock Purchase Warrants on any securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system.
Right
as a Shareholder
Except
as otherwise provided in the Common Stock Purchase Warrants or by virtue of such holder's ownership of shares of our common stock,
the holders of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our shares of common stock, including
any voting rights, until they exercise their Common Stock Purchase Warrants.
Fundamental
Transaction
In
the event of a fundamental transaction, as described in the Common Stock Purchase Warrants and generally including any reorganization,
recapitalization or reclassification of our shares of common stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all
of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the acquisition of more than 50% of our outstanding
shares of common stock, or any person or group becoming the beneficial owner of 50% of the voting power represented by our outstanding
common stock, the holders of the Common Stock Purchase Warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the Common Stock Purchase
Warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the Common
Stock Purchase Warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction.
Transfer
Agent, Warrant Agent and Registrar
The
transfer agent, warrant agent and registrar for shares of our common stock is Continental Stock Transfer and Trust Company, 17 Battery
Place, 8th Floor, New York, NY 10004.
83
MATERIAL
U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
FOR
NON-U.S. HOLDERS OF SHARES OF COMMON STOCK
The
following is a general discussion of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of shares of
common stock by a beneficial owner that is a "non-U.S. holder," other than a non-U.S. holder that owns, or has owned, actually
or constructively, more than 5% of the shares of our common stock. This discussion addresses only the U.S. federal income tax considerations
of non-U.S. holders that are initial purchasers of shares of our common stock pursuant to the offering. For purposes of this discussion,
a "non-U.S. holder" is a person or entity that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is not a U.S. person. For U.S. federal
income tax purposes, a U.S. person includes:
●
an
    individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
●
a
    corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any political
    subdivision thereof; or
●
an
    estate the income of which is includible in gross income regardless of source; or
●
a
    trust that (A) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and the control of one or more U.S. persons,
    or (B) otherwise has validly elected to be treated as a U.S. domestic trust.
If
an entity that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds shares of common stock, the U.S. federal income
tax treatment of a partner will generally depend on the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership. Partnerships
owning shares of common stock and partners in such partnerships should consult their tax advisers as to the particular U.S. federal income
tax consequences of owning and disposing of shares of common stock.
This
discussion is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, administrative pronouncements, judicial decisions and Treasury
Regulations, all as of the date hereof, changes to any of which subsequent to the date of this prospectus may affect the tax consequences
described herein. This discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to non-U.S. holders
in light of their particular circumstances and does not address any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or foreign
jurisdiction. Prospective holders are urged to consult their tax advisers with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of
owning and disposing of shares of common stock, including the consequences under the laws of any state, local or foreign jurisdiction.
Dividends
Dividends
paid to a non-U.S. holder of shares of common stock generally will be subject to withholding tax at a 30% rate or a reduced rate specified
by an applicable income tax treaty. In order to obtain a reduced rate of withholding, a non-U.S. holder will be required to provide an
Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN, or appropriate substitute form, certifying its entitlement to benefits under a treaty.
Special
certification and other requirements apply to certain non-U.S. holders that are pass-through entities rather than companies or individuals.
The
withholding tax does not apply to dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder who provides an Internal Revenue Service Form W-8ECI, or appropriate
substitute form, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder's conduct of a trade or business
within the United States. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the non-U.S.
holder were a U.S. resident, subject to an applicable income tax treaty providing otherwise. A non-U.S. corporation receiving effectively
connected dividends may also be subject to an additional "branch profits tax" imposed at a rate of 30% (or a lower treaty
rate).
Gain
on Disposition of Shares of Common Stock
A
non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on gain realized on a sale or other disposition of shares of
common stock unless the gain is effectively connected with a trade or business of the non-U.S. holder in the United States or we are
or have been a "U.S. real property holding company." Gain that is effectively connected with a non-U.S. holder's U.S.
trade or business will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the non-U.S. holder were a U.S. person, subject to an applicable treaty
providing otherwise. A non-U.S. corporation recognizing effectively connected gain may also be subject to an additional "branch
profits tax" imposed at a rate of 30% (or a lower treaty rate).
Information
Reporting and Backup Withholding Requirements
Information
returns will be filed with the Internal Revenue Service in connection with payments of dividends. A non-U.S. holder may have to comply
with certification procedures to establish that it is not a U.S. person in order to avoid information reporting and backup withholding
tax requirements with respect to payments of dividends or a sale or disposition of shares of common stock. The certification procedures
required to claim a reduced rate of withholding under a treaty will satisfy the certification requirements necessary to avoid the backup
withholding tax as well. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a non-U.S. holder will be allowed as a credit against
such holder's U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle such holder to a refund, provided that the required information
is timely furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.
84
UNDERWRITING
A.G.P./Alliance
Global Partners, or A.G.P., is acting as the sole book-running manager in this offering. Subject to the terms and conditions in the underwriting
agreement, dated        , 2022, by and between us and A.G.P., A.G.P, as the underwriter, has agreed to purchase from us, and we have agreed
to sell, shares of common stock and Common Stock Purchase Warrants, at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount set
forth on the cover page of this prospectus.
The
underwriting agreement provides that the obligation of the underwriter to purchase all of the shares and Common Stock Purchase Warrants
being offered to the public, other than those covered by the over-allotment option, is subject to certain conditions and the underwriter
is obligated to purchase all of the shares of common stock and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants offered hereby if any of the shares
are purchased.
Pursuant
to the underwriting agreement, we have agreed to indemnify the underwriter against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the
Securities Act, or to contribute to payments which the underwriter or other indemnified parties may be required to make in respect of
any such liabilities.
Commissions
and Expenses
The
following table provides information regarding the amount of the underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid to the underwriter
by us. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriter's option to purchase additional shares
and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants to cover over-allotments, if any.
Total
Per Share
Per
Warrant
Without
Over-Allotment
With
Over-Allotment
Underwriting discount
$
$
$
$
Proceeds, before expenses, to us
(1)
$
$
$
$
(1)
Includes
    payment to A.G.P. of non-accountable expenses incurred in connection with this offering in an amount equal to 0.5% of the gross proceeds
    of the offering.
In
addition, we have agreed to reimburse the underwriter for certain out-of-pocket expenses incurred by it up to an aggregate of $75,000
with respect to this offering, in the event the offering is not consummated.
We
have agreed to sell the shares and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants at the offering price less the underwriting discount set forth on
the cover page of this prospectus. We cannot be sure that the offering price will correspond to the price at which shares of our common
stock will trade following this offering.
Over-Allotment
Option
We
have granted the underwriter an over-allotment option. This option, which is exercisable for up to 45 days after the date of this prospectus,
permits the underwriter to purchase a maximum of additional shares and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants from us to cover over-allotments,
if any. If the underwriter exercises all or part of this option, it will purchase shares and/or Common Stock Purchase Warrants covered
by the option at the public offering price that appears on the cover page of this prospectus, less the underwriting discount and non-accountable
expense reimbursement of 0.5% of the gross proceeds from the sale of such additional securities.
Lock-Up
Agreements
Our
executive officers, directors and certain of our significant stockholders have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, to a 90-day "lock-up"
from the date of this prospectus relating to shares of our common stock that they beneficially own, including the issuance of shares
of common stock upon the exercise of currently outstanding options and options which may be issued without the prior written consent
of A.G.P. This means that, for a period of 90 days following the date of this prospectus, such persons may not offer, sell, pledge or
otherwise dispose of these securities without the prior written consent of the underwriter, subject to certain exceptions.
85
In
addition, the underwriting agreement provides that we will not, for a period of 90 days following the date of this prospectus, offer,
sell or distribute any of our securities, without the prior written consent of A.G.P.
Stabilization
Until
the distribution of the securities offered by this prospectus is completed, rules of the SEC may limit the ability of the underwriter
to bid for and to purchase shares of our common stock. As an exception to these rules, the underwriter may engage in transactions effected
in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act that are intended to stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the
shares of our common stock. The underwriter may engage in over-allotment sales, syndicate covering transactions, stabilizing transactions
and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M.
●
Stabilizing
    transactions permit bids or purchases for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of the shares of common stock,
    so long as stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum.
●
Over-allotment
    involves sales by the underwriter of securities in excess of the number of securities the underwriter are obligated to purchase,
    which creates a short position. The short position may be either a covered short position or a naked short position. In a covered
    short position, the number of shares of common stock over-allotted by the underwriter is not greater than the number of shares of
    common stock that they may purchase in the over-allotment option. In a naked short position, the number of shares of common stock
    involved is greater than the number of shares in the over-allotment option. The underwriter may close out any covered short position
    by either exercising their over-allotment option or purchasing shares of our common stock in the open market.
●
Covering
    transactions involve the purchase of securities in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover short
    positions. In determining the source of securities to close out the short position, the underwriter will consider, among other things,
    the price of securities available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase securities
    through the over-allotment option. If the underwriter sells more shares of common stock than could be covered by the over-allotment
    option, creating a naked short position, the position can only be closed out by buying securities in the open market. A naked short
    position is more likely to be created if the underwriter is concerned that there could be downward pressure on the price of the securities
    in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering.
●
Penalty
    bids permit the underwriter to reclaim a selling concession from a selected dealer when the securities originally sold by the selected
    dealer are purchased in a stabilizing or syndicate covering transaction.
These
stabilizing transactions, covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our
securities or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the shares of our common stock. As a result, the price of our
securities may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market.
Neither
we nor the underwriter make any representation or prediction as to the effect that the transactions described above may have on the prices
of our securities. These transactions may occur on any trading market. If any of these transactions are commenced, they may be discontinued
without notice at any time.
This
prospectus may be made available in electronic format on internet sites or through other online services maintained by the underwriter
or its affiliates. In those cases, prospective investors may view offering terms online and may be allowed to place orders online. Other
than this prospectus in electronic format, any information on the underwriter's or its affiliates' websites and any information
contained in any other website maintained by the underwriter or any affiliate of the underwriter is not part of this prospectus or the
registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved and/or endorsed by us or the underwriter and should
not be relied upon by investors.
86
LEGAL
MATTERS
The
validity of the shares of common stock and Common Stock Warrants offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Morgan, Lewis
& Bockius LLP, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the underwriter by Sullivan & Worcester
LLP, New York, New York.
EXPERTS
The
financial statements of the Company as of October 31, 2021 and 2020 and for each of the two years in the period ended October 31, 2021
included in this prospectus have been so included in reliance on the report of Marcum LLP, an independent registered public accounting
firm, given on the authority of such firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
WHERE
YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We
are a reporting company and file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may
inspect and copy these materials at the Public Reference Room maintained by the SEC at Room 100 F Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549.
Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information on the Public Reference Room. You can also find our SEC filings at the SEC's
website at www.sec.gov. You may also inspect reports and other information concerning us at the offices of the Nasdaq Stock Market at
1735 K Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006. We intend to furnish our stockholders with annual reports containing audited financial statements
and such other periodic reports as we may determine to be appropriate or as may be required by law.
Our
primary website address is
www.advaxis.com
. Corporate information can be located by clicking on the "Investor Relations"
link on the top of the home page, and then clicking on "SEC Filings" in the menu. We make our periodic SEC reports (Forms
10-Q and Forms 10-K) and current reports (Form 8-K) available free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after
they are filed electronically with the SEC. We may from time to time provide important disclosures to investors by posting them in the
Investor Relations section of our website, as allowed by SEC's rules. The information on the website listed above is not and should
not be considered part of this prospectus and is intended to be an inactive textual reference only.
87
ADVAXIS,
INC.
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
INDEX
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets
F-3
Consolidated Statements of Operations
F-4
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity
F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
F-6
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
F-8
Unaudited
Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Page
    No.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
F-30
Financial Statements (unaudited)
F-30
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
F-30
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
F-31
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
F-32
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
F-33
F-
1
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To
the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Advaxis, Inc.
Opinion
on the Financial Statements
We
have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Advaxis, Inc. (the "Company") as of October 31, 2021
and 2020, the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the two years
in the period ended October 31, 2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In
our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of October 31,
2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended October 31, 2021,
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis
for Opinion
These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's
financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
(United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal
securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company
is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits
we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion
on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our
audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error
or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits
provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated are matters
arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit
committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially
challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters.
/s/
  Marcum
llp
Marcum
llp
We have
  served as the Company's auditor since 2012.
New
  York, NY
February 14,
2022
F-
2
ADVAXIS,
INC.
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS
(In
thousands, except share and per share data)
October 31,
2021
2020
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$
41,614
$
25,178
Deferred expenses
-
1,808
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
1,643
865
Total current assets
43,257
27,851
Property and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation)
118
2,393
Intangible assets (net of accumulated amortization)
3,354
3,261
Operating right-of-use asset (net of accumulated amortization)
40
4,839
Other assets
11
182
Total assets
$
46,780
$
38,526
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
$
87
$
410
Accrued expenses
2,836
1,737
Current portion of operating lease liability
28
962
Deferred revenue
-
165
Common stock warrant liability
4,929
17
Total current liabilities
7,880
3,291
Operating lease liability, net of current portion
12
5,055
Total liabilities
7,892
8,346
Contingencies – Note 10
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $
0.001
par value;
5,000,000
shares authorized; Series B Preferred Stock;
0
shares issued and outstanding at October 31, 2021 and 2020. Liquidation preference of $
0
at October 31, 2021 and 2020.
-
-
Common stock - $
0.001
par value;
170,000,000
shares authorized,
145,638,459
and
78,074,023
shares issued and outstanding at October 31, 2021 and 2020.
146
78
Additional paid-in capital
467,342
440,840
Accumulated deficit
(
428,600
)
(
410,738
)
Total stockholders' equity
38,888
30,180
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
$
46,780
$
38,526
The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.
F-
3
ADVAXIS,
INC.
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In
thousands, except share and per share data)
Year Ended October 31,
2021
2020
Revenue
$
3,240
$
253
Operating expenses:
Research and development expenses
10,562
15,612
General and administrative expenses
11,464
11,090
Total operating expenses
22,026
26,702
Loss from operations
(
18,786
)
(
26,449
)
Other income (expense):
Interest income
5
110
Net changes in fair value of derivative liabilities
970
-
Loss on shares issued in settlement of warrants
-
(
77
)
Other expense
(
1
)
(
3
)
Net loss before income tax benefit
(
17,812
)
(
26,419
)
Income tax expense
50
50
Net loss
$
(
17,862
)
$
(
26,469
)
Net loss per common share, basic and diluted
$
(
0.14
)
$
(
0.43
)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted
129,090,709
61,003,839
The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.
F-
4
ADVAXIS,
INC.
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(In
thousands, except share and per share data)
Preferred Stock
Common Stock
Additional
Paid-In
Accumulated
Total
Shareholders'
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Capital
Deficit
Equity
Balance at October 31, 2019
-
$
-
50,201,671
$
50
$
423,750
$
(
384,269
)
$
39,531
Stock-based compensation
-
-
8,870
-
891
-
891
Tax withholdings paid on equity awards
-
-
-
-
(
1
)
-
(
1
)
Tax shares sold to pay for tax withholdings on equity awards
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
Issuance of shares to employees under ESPP Plan
-
-
14,148
-
7
-
7
ESPP Expense
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
Warrant exercises
-
-
33,916
-
2
-
2
Shares issued in settlement of warrants
-
-
3,000,000
3
74
-
77
Advaxis public offerings, net of offering costs
-
-
12,489,104
13
11,053
-
11,066
Commitment fee shares issued for equity line
-
-
1,084,266
1
643
-
644
Shares issued under equity line
-
-
11,242,048
11
4,419
-
4,430
Net Loss
-
-
-
-
-
(
26,469
)
(
26,469
)
Balance at October 31, 2020
-
$
-
78,074,023
$
78
$
440,840
$
(
410,738
)
$
30,180
Stock-based compensation
-
-
5,555
-
566
-
566
Stock option exercises
-
-
333
-
-
-
-
Issuance of shares to employees under ESPP Plan
-
-
1,000
-
-
-
-
Warrant exercises
-
-
18,427,435
18
3,753
-
3,771
Advaxis public offerings, net of offering costs
-
-
49,130,113
50
22,183
-
22,233
Net Loss
-
-
-
-
-
(
17,862
)
(
17,862
)
Balance at October 31, 2021
-
$
-
145,638,459
$
146
$
467,342
$
(
428,600
)
$
38,888
The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.
F-
5
ADVAXIS,
INC.
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(In
thousands, except share and per share data)
Year Ended October 31,
2021
2020
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss
$
(
17,862
)
$
(
26,469
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Stock compensation
566
891
Employee stock purchase plan expense
-
1
(Gain) loss on change in value of warrant liability
(
970
)
-
Loss on shares issued in settlement of warrants
-
77
Loss on disposal of property and equipment
1,439
-
Loss on write-down of property and equipment
-
1,060
Abandonment of intangible assets
94
1,725
Depreciation expense
387
897
Amortization of deferred offering costs
-
644
Amortization expense of intangible assets
273
337
Amortization expense of right-of-use assets
330
744
Net gain on write-off of right-of-use asset and lease liability
(
116
)
-
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses, other current assets and deferred expenses
1,030
1,113
Other assets
171
1
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
776
(
2,307
)
Deferred revenue
(
165
)
165
Operating lease liabilities
(
1,392
)
(
819
)
Net cash used in operating activities
(
15,439
)
(
21,940
)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment
449
-
Cost of intangible assets
(
460
)
(
748
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(
11
)
(
748
)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net proceeds of issuance of common stock and warrants
28,115
15,496
Proceeds from warrant exercises
3,771
-
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan
-
7
Employee tax withholdings paid on equity awards
-
(
1
)
Tax shares sold to pay for employee tax withholdings on equity awards
-
1
Net cash provided by financing activities
31,886
15,503
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
16,436
(
7,185
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
25,178
32,363
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
$
41,614
$
25,178
The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.
F-
6
Supplemental
Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
Year Ended October 31,
2021
2020
Cash paid for taxes
$
50
$
50
Supplemental
Schedule of Noncash Investing and Financing Activities
Year Ended October 31,
2021
2020
Shares issued in settlement of warrants
$
-
$
77
Commitment fee shares issued for equity line
$
-
$
644
Cashless exercise of warrants
$
-
$
2
Reassessment of the lease term
$
43
$
-
The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.
F-
7
ADVAXIS,
INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1.
NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Advaxis,
Inc. ("Advaxis" or the "Company") is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization
of proprietary
Listeria monocytogenes
("
Lm
")-based antigen delivery products. The Company is using its
Lm
platform directed against tumor-specific targets in order to engage the patient's immune system to destroy tumor cells. Through
a license from the University of Pennsylvania, Advaxis has exclusive access to this proprietary formulation of attenuated
Lm
called
Lm
Technology
TM
. Advaxis' proprietary approach is designed to deploy a unique mechanism of action that redirects
the immune system to attack cancer in three distinct ways:
●
Alerting
    and training the immune system by activating multiple pathways in Antigen-Presenting Cells ("APCs") with the equivalent
    of multiple adjuvants;
●
Attacking
    the tumor by generating a strong, cancer-specific T cell response; and
●
Breaking
    down tumor protection through suppression of the protective cells in the tumor microenvironment ("TME") that shields
    the tumor from the immune system. This enables the activated T cells to begin working to attack the tumor cells.
Advaxis'
proprietary
Lm
platform technology has demonstrated clinical activity in several of its programs and has been dosed in over 470
patients across multiple clinical trials and in various tumor types. The Company believes that
Lm
Technology immunotherapies can
complement and address significant unmet needs in the current oncology treatment landscape. Specifically, its product candidates have
the potential to work synergistically with other immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, while having a generally well-tolerated
safety profile.
Termination
of Merger Agreement; Strategic Considerations
On
July 4, 2021, the Company entered into a Merger Agreement (the "Merger Agreement"), subject to shareholder approval, with
Biosight Ltd. ("Biosight") and Advaxis Ltd. ("Merger Sub"), a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Advaxis. Under
the terms of the agreement, Biosight was to merge with and into Merger Sub, with Biosight continuing as the surviving company and a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Advaxis (the "Merger"). Immediately after the merger, Advaxis stockholders as of immediately prior to the merger
were expected to own approximately
25
% of the outstanding shares of the combined company and former Biosight shareholders were expected
to own approximately
75
% of the outstanding shares of the combined company.
On
December 30, 2021, the Company terminated the Merger Agreement, as the Company was unable to obtain shareholder approval to complete
the transaction. As announced in December 2021, the Company plans to continue to explore additional options to maximize stockholder value.
Liquidity
and Management's Plans
Similar
to other development stage biotechnology companies, the Company's products that are being developed have not generated significant
revenue. As a result, the Company has suffered recurring losses and requires significant cash resources to execute its business plans.
These losses are expected to continue for the foreseeable future.
As
of October 31, 2021, the Company had approximately $
41.6
million in cash and cash equivalents. Although the Company expects to have sufficient
capital to fund its obligations, as they become due, in the ordinary course of business until at least one year from the issuance of
these consolidated financial statements, the actual amount of cash that it will need to operate is subject to many factors. Over the
past year, the Company has taken steps to obtain additional financing, including conducting sales of its common stock through its at-the-market
("ATM") program through A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, the completion of a public offering in November 2020 and the completion
of a registered direct offering and concurrent private placement with two healthcare-focused, institutional investors in April 2021,
as further described below. The Company also received aggregate proceeds of approximately $
3.8
million during the year ended October
31, 2021 upon the exercise of outstanding warrants, which were payable upon exercise.
F-
8
In
April 2021, the Company entered into definitive agreements with two healthcare-focused, institutional investors for the purchase of (i)
17,577,400
shares of common stock, (ii)
7,671,937
pre-funded warrants to purchase
7,671,937
shares of common stock and (iii) registered
common share purchase warrants to purchase
11,244,135
shares of common stock ("Accompanying Warrants") in a registered direct
offering (the "April 2021 Registered Direct Offering"). The Company also issued to the investors, in a concurrent private
placement (the "April 2021 Private Placement" and together with the April 2021 Registered Direct Offering, the "April
2021 Offering"), unregistered common share purchase warrants to purchase
14,005,202
shares of the Company's common stock
(the "Private Placement Warrants"). The Company received gross proceeds of approximately $
20
million, before deducting the
fees and expenses payable by the Company in connection with the April 2021 Offering.
On
November 27, 2020, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of
26,666,666
shares of common stock and common stock warrants
to purchase up to
13,333,333
shares of common stock (the "November 2020 Offering"). On November 24, 2020, the underwriters
notified the Company that they had exercised their option to purchase an additional
3,999,999
shares of common stock and
1,999,999
warrants
in full. The Company received gross proceeds of approximately $
9.2
million, before deducting the fees and expenses payable by the Company
in connection with the November 2020 Offering.
The
Company recognizes it will need to raise additional capital in order to continue to execute its business plan in the future. There is
no assurance that additional financing will be available when needed or that management will be able to obtain financing on terms acceptable
to the Company or whether the Company will become profitable and generate positive operating cash flow. If the Company is unable to raise
sufficient additional funds, it will have to further scale back its operations.
2.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Estimates
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S.
GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying
notes. Estimates are used when accounting for such items as the fair value and recoverability of the carrying value of property and equipment
and intangible assets (patents and licenses), determining the Incremental Borrowing Rate ("IBR") for calculating Right-Of-Use
("ROU") assets and lease liabilities, deferred expenses, deferred revenue, the fair value of options, warrants and related
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions
that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying
values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. On an ongoing basis, the Company reviews its estimates
to ensure that they appropriately reflect changes in the business or as new information becomes available. Actual results may differ
from these estimates.
Principles
of Consolidation
The
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany accounts
and transactions have been eliminated.
F-
9
Revenue
Recognition
Under
ASC 606, an entity recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the
consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements
that an entity determines are within the scope of ASC 606, the entity performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s)
with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the
transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance
obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration
it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, once the contract is determined
to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are
performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount
of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.
The
Company enters into licensing agreements that are within the scope of ASC 606, under which it may exclusively license rights to research,
develop, manufacture and commercialize its product candidates to third parties. The terms of these arrangements typically include payment
to the Company of one or more of the following: non-refundable, upfront license fees; reimbursement of certain costs; customer option
exercise fees; development, regulatory and commercial milestone payments; and royalties on net sales of licensed products.
In
determining the appropriate amount of revenue to be recognized as it fulfills its obligations under its agreements, the Company performs
the following steps: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised
goods or services are performance obligations including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of
the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance
obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies each performance obligation. As part of the accounting
for these arrangements, the Company must use significant judgment to determine: (a) the number of performance obligations based on the
determination under step (ii) above; (b) the transaction price under step (iii) above; and (c) the stand-alone selling price for each
performance obligation identified in the contract for the allocation of transaction price in step (iv) above. The Company uses judgment
to determine whether milestones or other variable consideration, except for royalties, should be included in the transaction price as
described further below. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation on a relative stand-alone selling price basis,
for which the Company recognizes revenue as or when the performance obligations under the contract are satisfied.
Amounts
received prior to revenue recognition are recorded as deferred revenue. Amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months
following the balance sheet date are classified as current portion of deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance
sheets. Amounts not expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months following the balance sheet date are classified as deferred
revenue, net of current portion.
Exclusive
Licenses.
If the license to the Company's intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations
identified in the arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from non-refundable, upfront fees allocated to the license when the license
is transferred to the customer and the customer is able to use and benefit from the license. In assessing whether a performance obligation
is distinct from the other performance obligations, the Company considers factors such as the research, development, manufacturing and
commercialization capabilities of the collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace.
In addition, the Company considers whether the collaboration partner can benefit from a performance obligation for its intended purpose
without the receipt of the remaining performance obligation, whether the value of the performance obligation is dependent on the unsatisfied
performance obligation, whether there are other vendors that could provide the remaining performance obligation, and whether it is separately
identifiable from the remaining performance obligation. For licenses that are combined with other performance obligation, the Company
utilizes judgment to assess the nature of the combined performance obligation to determine whether the combined performance obligation
is satisfied over time or at a point in time and, if over time, the appropriate method of measuring progress for purposes of recognizing
revenue. The Company evaluates the measure of progress each reporting period and, if necessary, adjusts the measure of performance and
related revenue recognition. The measure of progress, and thereby periods over which revenue should be recognized, are subject to estimates
by management and may change over the course of the research and development and licensing agreement. Such a change could have a material
impact on the amount of revenue the Company records in future periods.
F-
10
Milestone
Payments.
At the inception of each arrangement that includes research or development milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether
the milestones are considered probable of being achieved and estimates the amount to be included in the transaction price using the most
likely amount method. If it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur, the associated milestone value is included
in the transaction price. An output method is generally used to measure progress toward complete satisfaction of a milestone. Milestone
payments that are not within the control of the Company or the licensee, such as regulatory approvals, are not considered probable of
being achieved until those approvals are received. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical, regulatory, commercial,
and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved
in determining whether it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur. At the end of each subsequent reporting period,
the Company re-evaluates the probability of achievement of all milestones subject to constraint and, if necessary, adjusts its
estimate of the overall transaction price. Any such adjustments are recorded on a cumulative catch-up basis, which would affect revenue
and earnings in the period of adjustment.
Collaborative
Arrangements
The
Company analyzes its collaboration arrangements to assess whether such arrangements involve joint operating activities performed by parties
that are both active participants in the activities and exposed to significant risks and rewards dependent on the commercial success
of such activities and therefore within the scope of ASC Topic 808,
Collaborative Arrangements
(ASC 808). This assessment is performed
throughout the life of the arrangement based on changes in the responsibilities of all parties in the arrangement. For collaboration
arrangements within the scope of ASC 808 that contain multiple elements, the Company first determines which elements of the collaboration
are deemed to be within the scope of ASC 808 and which elements of the collaboration are more reflective of a vendor-customer relationship
and therefore within the scope of ASC 606. For elements of collaboration arrangements that are accounted for pursuant to ASC 808, an
appropriate recognition method is determined and applied consistently, generally by analogy to ASC 606. Amounts that are owed to collaboration
partners are recognized as an offset to collaboration revenue as such amounts are incurred by the collaboration partner. For those elements
of the arrangement that are accounted for pursuant to ASC 606, the Company applies the five-step model described above under ASC 606.
Cash
and Cash Equivalents
The
Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash
equivalents. As of October 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had cash equivalents of approximately $
17.2
million and $
17.1
million, respectively.
Concentration
of Credit Risk
The
Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts (checking) that at times exceed federally insured limits. Approximately $
41.6
million is subject to credit risk at October
31, 2021. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.
Deferred
Expenses
Deferred
expenses consist of advanced payments made on research and development projects. Expense is recognized in the consolidated statement
of operations as the research and development activity is performed.
F-
11
Property
and Equipment
Property
and equipment are stated at cost. Additions and improvements that extend the lives of the assets are capitalized, while expenditures
for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter
of the asset's estimated useful life or the remaining lease term. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the
estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from
three
to
ten years
.
When
depreciable assets are retired or sold the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting
gain or loss is recognized in operations.
Intangible
Assets
Intangible
assets are recorded at cost and include patents and patent application costs, licenses and software. Intangible assets are amortized
on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives ranging from
three
to
20
years. Patent application costs are written-off if
the application is rejected, withdrawn or abandoned.
Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets
The
Company periodically assesses the carrying value of intangible and other long-lived assets, and whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying amount of an asset might not be recoverable. The assets are considered to be impaired if the Company determines
that the carrying value may not be recoverable based upon its assessment, which includes consideration of the following events or changes
in circumstances:
●
the
    asset's ability to continue to generate income from operations and positive cash flow in future periods;
●
loss
    of legal ownership or title to the asset(s);
●
significant
    changes in the Company's strategic business objectives and utilization of the asset(s); and
●
the
    impact of significant negative industry or economic trends.
If
the assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment recognized is the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the
fair value of the assets. Fair value is determined by the application of discounted cash flow models to project cash flows from the assets.
In addition, the Company bases estimates of the useful lives and related amortization or depreciation expense on its subjective estimate
of the period the assets will generate revenue or otherwise be used by it. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the
carrying amount or fair value, less selling costs. The Company also periodically reviews the lives assigned to long-lived assets to ensure
that the initial estimates do not exceed any revised estimated periods from which the Company expects to realize cash flows from its
assets.
Leases
At
the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether an arrangement is or contains a lease based on the facts and circumstances
present in the arrangement. An arrangement is or contains a lease if the arrangement conveys the right to control the use of an identified
asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Most leases with a term greater than one year are recognized on the consolidated
balance sheet as operating lease right-of-use assets and current and long-term operating lease liabilities, as applicable. The Company
has elected not to recognize on the consolidated balance sheet leases with terms of 12 months or less. The Company typically only
includes the initial lease term in its assessment of a lease arrangement. Options to extend a lease are not included in the Company's
assessment unless there is reasonable certainty that the Company will renew.
Operating
lease liabilities and their corresponding right-of-use assets are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected
remaining lease term. Certain adjustments to the right-of-use asset may be required for items such as prepaid or accrued rent. The interest
rate implicit in the Company's leases is typically not readily determinable. As a result, the Company utilizes its incremental
borrowing rate, which reflects the fixed rate at which the Company could borrow on a collateralized basis the amount of the lease payments
in the same currency, for a similar term, in a similar economic environment.
F-
12
Net
Income (Loss) per Share
Basic
net income or loss per common share is computed by dividing net income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share give effect to dilutive options, warrants, restricted
stock units and other potential common stock outstanding during the period. In the case of a net loss, the impact of the potential common
stock resulting from warrants, outstanding stock options and convertible debt are not included in the computation of diluted loss per
share, as the effect would be anti-dilutive. In the case of net income, the impact of the potential common stock resulting from these
instruments that have intrinsic value are included in the diluted earnings per share. The table sets forth the number of potential shares
of common stock that have been excluded from diluted net loss per share (as of October 31, 2020,
327,338
warrants are included in the
basic earnings per share computation because the exercise price is $
0
):
As of October 31,
2021
2020
Warrants
30,225,397
398,226
Stock options
893,946
1,011,768
Restricted stock units
-
5,556
Total
31,119,343
1,415,550
Research
and Development Expenses
Research
and development costs are expensed as incurred and include but are not limited to clinical trial and related manufacturing costs, payroll
and personnel expenses, lab expenses, and related overhead costs.
Stock
Based Compensation
The
Company has an equity plan which allows for the granting of stock options to its employees, directors and consultants for a fixed number
of shares with an exercise price equal to the fair value of the shares at date of grant. The Company measures the cost of services received
in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. The fair value of the award is measured on the grant
date and is then recognized over the requisite service period, usually the vesting period, in both research and development expenses
and general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statement of operations, depending on the nature of the services provided
by the employees or consultants.
The
process of estimating the fair value of stock-based compensation awards and recognizing stock-based compensation cost over their requisite
service period involves significant assumptions and judgments. The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards on the date
of grant using the Black Scholes Model for the remaining awards, which requires that the Company makes certain assumptions regarding:
(i) the expected volatility in the market price of its common stock; (ii) dividend yield; (iii) risk-free interest rates; and (iv) the
period of time employees are expected to hold the award prior to exercise (referred to as the expected holding period). As a result,
if the Company revises its assumptions and estimates, stock-based compensation expense could change materially for future grants.
The
Company accounts for stock-based compensation using fair value recognition and records forfeitures as they occur. As such, the Company
recognizes stock-based compensation cost only for those stock-based awards that vest over their requisite service period, based on the
vesting provisions of the individual grants.
Fair
Value of Financial Instruments
The
carrying value of financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents and accounts payable, approximated fair value as of the
balance sheet date presented, due to their short maturities.
F-
13
Derivative
Financial Instruments
The
Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market or foreign currency risks. The Company evaluates
all of its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives.
For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair
value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. For stock-based
derivative financial instruments, the Company used the Monte Carlo simulation model and the Black Scholes model to value the derivative
instruments at inception and on subsequent valuation dates. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments
should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative liabilities are classified
in the consolidated balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the instrument could
be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date.
Sequencing Policy
The Company adopted a sequencing
policy under ASC 815-40-35, if reclassification of contracts from equity to liabilities is necessary pursuant to ASC 815 due to the Company's
inability to demonstrate it has sufficient authorized shares. This was due to the Company committing more shares than authorized. Certain
instruments are classified as liabilities, after allocating available authorized shares on the basis of the most recent grant date of
potentially dilutive instruments. Pursuant to ASC 815, issuances of securities granted as compensation in a share-based payment arrangement
are not subject to the sequencing policy.
Income
Taxes
The
Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740,
"Income Taxes."
Under this method, income tax expense is recognized for the amount of: (i) taxes payable or refundable for the current year and (ii)
deferred tax consequences of temporary differences resulting from matters that have been recognized in an entity's financial statements
or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years
in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a
change in tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance
is provided to reduce the deferred tax assets reported if based on the weight of the available positive and negative evidence, it is
more likely than not some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Recent
Accounting Standards
In
December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Simplification of Income Taxes (Topic 740) Income Taxes ("ASU 2019-12"). ASU
2019-12 simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The amendments
also improve consistent application of and simplify U.S. GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance.
ASU 2019-12 is effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within
those fiscal years. The standard will apply as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting
period in which the guidance is adopted and is not material to the financial results of the Company.
In
August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity's Own Equity, which
simplifies the accounting for certain convertible instruments, amends guidance on derivative scope exceptions for contracts in an entity's
own equity, and modifies the guidance on diluted earnings per share ("EPS") calculations as a result of these changes. The
standard will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and can be applied on either a fully retrospective
or modified retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. We are currently evaluating
the impact of this standard on our consolidated financial statements.
Management
does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material impact
on the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
F-
14
3.
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property
and equipment consist of the following (in thousands):
October 31,
2021
2020
Leasehold improvements
$
-
$
2,335
Laboratory equipment
179
1,218
Furniture and fixtures
-
744
Computer equipment
241
409
Construction in progress
-
19
Total property and equipment
420
4,725
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(
302
)
(
2,332
)
Net property and equipment
$
118
$
2,393
Depreciation
expense for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $
0.4
million and $
0.9
million, respectively. During the year
ended October 31, 2021, the Company incurred a loss on disposal of equipment of approximately $
1.4
million, $
0.9
million of which is
reflected in the research and development expenses and $
0.5
million of which is reflected in the general and administrative expenses
in the consolidated statement of operations.
Management
has reviewed its property and equipment for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset
might not be recoverable. During the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded impairment losses on idle laboratory
equipment of $
0
and $
1.1
million, respectively, that was charged to research and development expenses in the consolidated statement of
operations. Fair value for the idle assets was determined by a quoted purchase price for the assets.
4.
INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible
assets consist of the following (in thousands):
October 31,
2021
2020
Patents
$
4,836
$
4,479
License
777
777
Software
98
117
Total intangibles
5,711
5,373
Accumulated amortization
(
2,357
)
(
2,112
)
Net intangible assets
$
3,354
$
3,261
The
expirations of the existing patents range from 2021 to 2039
but the expirations can be extended based on market approval if granted and/or
based on existing laws and regulations. Capitalized costs associated with patent applications that are abandoned without future value
are charged to expense when the determination is made not to pursue the application. Patent applications having a net book value of approximately
$
0.1
million and $
1.7
million were abandoned and were charged to general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of
operations for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Intangible asset amortization expense that was charged to general
and administrative expense in the consolidated statement of operations was approximately $
0.3
million for each of the years ended October
31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Management
has reviewed its intangible assets for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset might
not be recoverable. Net assets are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet for patents and licenses related to axalimogene
filolisbac (AXAL), ADXS-HOT, ADXS-PSA and other products that are in development or out-licensed. However, if a competitor were to gain
FDA approval for a treatment before the Company or if future clinical trials fail to meet the targeted endpoints, the Company would likely
record an impairment related to these assets. In addition, if an application is rejected or fails to be issued, the Company would record
an impairment of its estimated book value. Lastly, if the Company is unable to raise enough capital to continue funding our studies and
developing its intellectual property, the Company would likely record an impairment to certain of these assets.
F-
15
At
October 31, 2021, the estimated amortization expense by fiscal year based on the current carrying value of intangible assets is as follows
(in thousands):
2022
$
277
2023
277
2024
277
2025
277
2026
277
Thereafter
1,969
Total
$
3,354
5.
ACCRUED EXPENSES
:
The
following table represents the major components of accrued expenses (in thousands):
October 31,
2021
2020
Salaries and other compensation
$
55
$
737
Vendors
2,168
671
Professional fees
613
329
Total accrued expenses
$
2,836
$
1,737
6.
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Lincoln
Park Purchase Agreement
On
July 30, 2020, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") and a Registration Rights Agreement
(the "Registration Rights Agreement") with Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC ("Lincoln Park").
Over the 36-month
term of the Purchase Agreement, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, from time to time, to sell to Lincoln Park up to an
aggregate amount of $
20,000,000
of shares of common stock, in its sole discretion and subject to certain conditions, including that the
closing price of its common stock is not below $
0.10
per share, to direct Lincoln Park to purchase up to
1,000,000
shares (the "Regular
Purchase Share Limit") of its Common Stock (each such purchase, a "Regular Purchase"). Lincoln Park's maximum
obligation under any single Regular Purchase will not exceed $
1,000,000
, unless the parties mutually agree to increase the maximum amount
of such Regular Purchase. The purchase price for shares of Common Stock to be purchased by Lincoln Park under a Regular Purchase will
be the equal to the lower of (in each case, subject to the adjustments described in the Purchase Agreement): (i) the lowest sale price
for the Company's common stock on the applicable purchase date, and (ii) the arithmetic average of the three lowest sale prices
for the Company's common stock during the ten trading days prior to the purchase date.
As
consideration for entering into the Purchase Agreement, the Company issued
1,084,266
shares of common stock to Lincoln Park as a commitment
fee. The shares were valued at approximately $
0.6
million and were recorded as deferred offering
expenses in the consolidated balance sheet. The deferred charges were charged against paid-in capital upon future proceeds from
the sale of common stock under the Lincoln Park Purchase Agreement.
From
August 2020 to October 2020, Lincoln Park purchased
11,242,048
shares of common stock for gross proceeds of approximately $
5.1
million.
Approximately $
50,000
of legal fees were netted against the gross proceeds.
F-
16
Public
Offerings
In
April 2021, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") with certain investors. The
Purchase Agreement provided for the sale and issuance by the Company of an aggregate of
17,577,400
shares (the "Shares")
of the Company's common stock, $
0.001
par value (the "Common Stock"), at an offering price of $
0.7921
per Share and
7,671,937
pre-funded warrants to certain purchasers whose purchase of additional Shares would otherwise result in the purchaser, together
with its affiliates and certain related parties, beneficially owning more than
9.99
%
of the Company's outstanding Common Stock
immediately following the consummation of the offering (the "Pre-Funded Warrants"). The Shares and Pre-Funded Warrants were
sold together with warrants to purchase up to
11,244,135
shares of Common Stock (the "Accompanying Warrants" and together
with the Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrants, the "Securities"). The Pre-Funded Warrants were sold for a purchase price of
$
0.7911
per share and have an exercise price of $
0.001
per share. The Pre-Funded Warrants were immediately exercisable and may be exercised
at any time until all of the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full. Each Accompanying Warrant has an exercise price per share of
$
0.70
, became exercisable immediately and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the original issuance date.
The
Purchase Agreement also provided for a concurrent private placement (the "Private Placement") of
14,005,202
warrants to purchase
the Company's Common Stock (the "Private Placement Warrants") with the purchasers in the Registered Offering. The Private
Placement Warrants will be exercisable for an aggregate of
14,005,202
shares of Common Stock at any time on or after such date, if ever,
that is 14 days after the Company files an amendment (the "Authorized Shares Amendment") to the Company's Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share from
170,000,000
shares to
300,000,000
shares with the Delaware Secretary of State and on or prior to the date that is five years after such date. The
Private Placement Warrants have an exercise price of $
0.70
per share.
In
November 2020, the Company closed on a public offering of
30,666,665
shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $
0.30
per
share, for gross proceeds of approximately $
9.2
million, which gives effect to the exercise of the underwriter's option in full.
In addition, the Company also undertook a concurrent private placement of warrants to purchase up to
15,333,332
shares of common stock.
The warrants have an exercise price per share of $
0.35
, are exercisable immediately and will expire
five years
from the date of issuance.
The warrants also provide that if there is no effective registration statement registering, or no current prospectus available for, the
issuance or resale of the warrant shares, the warrants may be exercised via a cashless exercise. After deducting the underwriting discounts
and commissions and other offering expenses, the net proceeds from the offering were approximately $
8.5
million.
In
May 2020, the Company entered into a sales agreement related to an ATM equity offering program pursuant to which the Company may sell,
from time to time, common stock with an aggregate offering price of up to $
40
million through A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, as sales
agent. From May 2020 to October 2020, the Company sold
2,489,104
shares of its common stock under the ATM program for $
1.583
million,
or an average of $
0.64
per share, and received net proceeds of $
1.531
million, net of commissions of $
52,000
. In March 2021, the Company
sold
886,048
shares of its common stock under the ATM program for $
762,000
, or an average of $
0.86
per share, and received net proceeds
of $
737,000
, net of commissions of $
25,000
.
In
January 2020, the Company closed on a public offering of
10,000,000
shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $
1.05
, for
gross proceeds of $
10.5
million. In addition, the Company also undertook a concurrent private placement of warrants to purchase up to
5,000,000
shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price per share of $
1.25
, are exercisable during the period beginning
on the six-month anniversary of the date of its issuance (the "Initial Exercise Date") and will expire on the fifth anniversary
of the Initial Exercise Date. The warrants contain a change of control provision whereby if the change of control is within the Company's
control, the warrants could be settled in cash based on the Black-Scholes value of the warrants at the option of the warrant holder.
The warrants also provide that if there is no effective registration statement registering, or no current prospectus available for, the
issuance or resale of the warrant shares, the warrants may be exercised via a cashless exercise. After deducting the underwriting discounts
and commissions and other offering expenses, the net proceeds from the offering were approximately $
9.6
million.
F-
17
7.
COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANTS AND WARRANT LIABILITY
Warrants
As
of October 31, 2021, there were outstanding and exercisable warrants to purchase
30,225,397
shares of our common stock with exercise
prices ranging from $
0.30
to $
281.25
per share. Information on the outstanding warrants is as follows:
Exercise
Price
Number of Shares Underlying Warrants
Expiration Date
Summary of Warrants
$
281.25
25
N/A
Other Warrants
$
2.80
*
327,338
July 2024
July 2019 Public Offering
$
0.30
70,297
September 2024
September 2018 Public Offering
$
0.35
4,578,400
November 2025
November 2020 Public Offering
$
0.70
11,244,135
April 2026
April 2021 Registered Direct Offering (Accompanying Warrants)
$
0.70
14,005,202
5 years after the date such warrants become exercisable, if ever
April 2021 Private Placement (Private Placement Warrants
Grand Total
30,225,997
*
During the year ended
    October 31, 2021, the cashless exercise provision of these warrants expired and the exercise price adjusted to $
2.80
.
As
of October 31, 2020, there were outstanding warrants to purchase
398,226
shares of our common stock with exercise prices ranging from
$
0
to $
281.25
per share. Information on the outstanding warrants is as follows:
Exercise
Price
Number of Shares Underlying Warrants
Expiration Date
Summary of Warrants
$
281.25
25
N/A
Other Warrants
$
-
327,338
July 2024
July 2019 Public Offering
$
0.372
70,863
September 2024
September 2018 Public Offering
Grand Total
398,226
A
summary of warrant activity was as follows (In thousands, except share and per share data):
Shares
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
In Years
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
Outstanding and exercisable warrants at October 31, 2019
432,142
$
0.08
4.76
$
114,069
Issued
5,000,000
1.25
Exercised *
(
33,916
)
0.02
Exchanged
(
5,000,000
)
1.25
Outstanding and exercisable warrants at October 31, 2020
398,226
$
0.08
3.76
$
110,640
Issued
48,254,606
0.48
Exercised
(
18,427,435
)
0.20
Outstanding and exercisable warrants at October 31, 2021
30,225,397
$
0.67
4.63
$
631,089
*
Includes the cashless exercise of
32,500
warrants that resulted
in the issuance of
32,500
shares of common stock.
As
of October 31, 2021, the Company had
16,149,898
of its total
30,225,397
outstanding warrants classified as equity (equity warrants).
At October 31, 2020, the Company had
327,363
of its total
398,226
outstanding warrants classified as equity (equity warrants). At issuance,
equity warrants are recorded at their relative fair values, using the Relative Fair Value Method, in the shareholders equity section
of the consolidated balance sheets.
F-
18
Shares
Issued for Warrants Exercises
During
the year ended October
31
, 2021, warrant holders from the Company's November
2020 offering exercised
10,754,932
warrants in exchange for
10,754,932
shares of the Company's common stock and
warrant holders from the Company's April 2021 Offering exercised
7,671,937
pre-funded warrants in exchange for
7,671,937
shares of the Company's common stock. Pursuant
to these warrant exercises, the Company received aggregate proceeds of approximately $
3.8
million which were payable upon exercise.
Shares
Issued in Settlement of Equity Warrants
On
October 16, 2020, the Company entered into private exchange agreements with certain holders of warrants issued in connection with the
Company's January 2020 public offering of common stock and warrants. The warrants being exchanged provide for the purchase of up
to an aggregate of
5,000,000
shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $
1.25
per share. The warrants became exercisable on
July
21, 2020
and have an expiration date of
July 21, 2025
. Pursuant to such exchange agreements, the Company agreed to issue
3,000,000
shares
of common stock to the investors in exchange for the warrants. The fair value of these warrants approximated the fair value of shares
issued in the exchange for these warrants. The Company used the closing stock price to value the shares and Black Scholes model to value
these warrants on the date of the exchange. In determining the fair warrant of the warrants issued on October 16, 2020, the Company used
the following inputs in its Black-Sholes model: exercise price $
1.25
, stock price $
0.406
, expected term
4.76
years
, volatility
101.18
%
and risk-free interest rate
0.32
%
. In connection with the exchange of warrants for common stock, the Company recorded a loss of approximately
$
77,000
as the fair value of the shares issued exceeded the fair value of warrants exchanged.
Warrant
Liability
As
of October 31, 2021, the Company had
14,075,499
of its total
30,225,397
outstanding warrants from April 2021 Private Placement Offering
and September 2018 Public Offering classified as liabilities (liability warrants). At October 31, 2020, the Company had
70,863
of its
total
398,226
outstanding warrants from the September 2018 Public Offering classified as liabilities (liability warrants).
The
warrants issued in the April 2021 Private Placement will become exercisable only on such day, if ever, that is 14 days after the Company
files an amendment to the Company's Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares
of common stock, $
0.001
par
value per share from
170,000,000
shares
to
300,000,000
shares. These warrants expire five years after
the date they become exercisable. As of October 31, 2021, the Company does not have sufficient authorized common stock to allow for
the issuance of common stock underlying these warrants. The Company did not receive stockholder authorization to increase the authorized
shares from
170,000,000
to
300,000,000
shares at the stockholder's meeting held on June 3, 2021. The Company was subsequently required
to file a proxy to seek an increase in the number of authorized shares and did not file such a proxy but rather elected to seek a reverse
stock split to, among other things, increase the shares available. Accordingly, based on certain indemnification provisions of the securities
purchase agreement, the Company concluded that liability classification is warranted. The Company utilized the Black Scholes
model to calculate the fair value of these warrants at issuance and at each subsequent reporting date.
In
measuring the warrant liability for the warrants issued in the April 2021 Private Placement at October 31, 2021 and April 14, 2021 (issuance
date), the Company used the following inputs in its Black Scholes model:
October 31, 2021
April 14, 2021
Exercise Price
$
0.70
$
0.70
Stock Price
$
0.485
$
0.57
Expected Term
5
.00 years
5
.00 years
Volatility %
106
%
106
%
Risk Free Rate
1.18
%
0.85
%
The
September 2018 Public Offering warrants contain a down round feature, except for exempt issuances as defined in the warrant agreement,
in which the exercise price would immediately be reduced to match a dilutive issuance of common stock, options, convertible securities
and changes in option price or rate of conversion. As of October 31, 2021, the down round feature was triggered three times and the exercise
price of the warrants were reduced from $
22.50
to $
0.30
. The warrants require liability classification as the warrant agreement requires
the Company to maintain an effective registration statement and does not specify any circumstances under which settlement in other than
cash would be permitted or required. As a result, net cash settlement is assumed and liability classification is warranted. For these
liability warrants, the Company utilized the Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the fair value of these warrants at issuance and
at each subsequent reporting date.
F-
19
In
measuring the warrant liability for the September 2018 Public Offering warrants at October 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020, the Company
used the following inputs in its Monte Carlo simulation model:
October 31, 2021
October 31, 2020
Exercise Price
$
0.30
$
0.37
Stock Price
$
0.485
$
0.34
Expected Term
2.87
years
3.87
years
Volatility %
123
%
106
%
Risk Free Rate
0.77
%
0.29
%
At
October 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020, the fair value of the warrant liability was approximately $
4.9
million and $
17,000
, respectively.
For the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company reported income of approximately $
1.0
million and $
0
, respectively, due to
changes in the fair value of the warrant liability.
8.
SHARE BASED COMPENSATION
The
following table summarizes share-based compensation expense included in the consolidated statement of operations by expense category
for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):
Year Ended October 31,
2021
2020
Research and development
$
164
$
308
General and administrative
402
583
Total
$
566
$
891
Amendments
The
Advaxis, Inc. 2015 Incentive Plan (the "2015 Plan") was originally ratified and approved by the Company's stockholders
on May 27, 2015. Subject to proportionate adjustment in the event of stock splits and similar events, the aggregate number of shares
of common stock that may be issued under the 2015 Plan is
240,000
shares, plus a number of additional shares (not to exceed
43,333
) underlying
awards outstanding as of the effective date of the 2015 Plan under the prior plan that thereafter terminate or expire unexercised, or
are cancelled, forfeited or lapse for any reason.
On
January 1, 2020,
166,667
shares were added to the 2015 Plan.
At
the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of the Company held on May 4, 2020, the Company's stockholders voted to approve an amendment
to increase the number of shares authorized for issuance under the 2015 Plan from
877,744
shares to
6,000,000
shares.
On
January 1, 2021,
166,667
shares were added to the 2015 Plan.
As
of October 31, 2021, there were
5,127,985
shares available for issuance under the 2015 Plan.
F-
20
Restricted
Stock Units (RSUs)
A
summary of the Company's RSU activity and related information for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:
Number of
RSU's
Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair Value
Balance at October 31, 2019
14,706
$
47.62
Vested
(
8,870
)
60.59
Cancelled
(
280
)
98.80
Balance at October 31, 2020
5,556
$
24.32
Vested
(
5,555
)
24.30
Cancelled
(
1
)
125.25
Balance at October 31, 2021
-
$
-
The
fair value of the RSUs as of the respective vesting dates was approximately $
3,000
and $
5,000
for the years ended October 31, 2021 and
2020, respectively.
Employee
Stock Awards
Common
stock issued to executives and employees related to vested incentive retention awards and employment inducements totaled
5,555
shares
and
8,870
shares during the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Total stock compensation expense associated with these
awards for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $
67,000
and $
0.2
million, respectively.
Stock
Options
A
summary of changes in the stock option plan for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows (in thousands, except share and
per share data):
Shares
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
In Years
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of October 31, 2019
560,490
$
71.56
7.34
$
1
Granted
645,000
0.61
Cancelled or expired
(
193,722
)
34.47
Outstanding as of October 31, 2020
1,011,768
$
33.43
8.04
$
4
Granted
50,000
0.39
Exercised
(
333
)
0.30
Cancelled or expired
(
167,489
)
98.93
Outstanding as of October 31, 2021
893,946
$
19.32
7.8
$
27
Vested and exercisable at October 31, 2021
456,506
$
37.03
6.98
$
15
During
the year ended October 31, 2021, the Company granted stock options to purchase
50,000
shares of its common
stock to an employee. The stock options have a
ten
-year
term, vest over
three
years
from the date of
grant, and have an exercise price of $
0.39
.
During the year ended October 31, 2020, the Company granted stock options to purchase
580,000
and
65,000
shares of its common
stock to employees and directors, respectively. The stock options issued to employees have a
ten
-year
term, vest over
three
years
, and have an exercise
price of $
0.49
to $
0.66
.
The stock options issued to directors have a
ten
-year
term, vest over
three
years
, and have an exercise
price of $
0.66
.
The
weighted average grant date fair value of options granted during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 was $
0.32
and $
0.48
,
respectively.
The
total intrinsic value of options exercised during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 was $
162
and $
0
.
Total
compensation cost related to the Company's outstanding stock options, recognized in the consolidated statement of operations
for the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $
0.5
million and $
0.7
million, respectively.
F-
21
As
of October 31, 2021, there was approximately $
0.2
million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock option awards,
which is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted average vesting period of approximately
1.61
years.
The
following table summarizes information about the outstanding and exercisable stock options at October 31, 2021:
Options Outstanding
Options Exercisable
Weighted
Weighted
Weighted
Weighted
Average
Average
Average
Average
Exercise
Number
Remaining
Exercise
Intrinsic
Number
Remaining
Exercise
Intrinsic
Price Range
Outstanding
Contractual
Price
Value
Exercisable
Contractual
Price
Value
$
.30
-$
10.00
727,879
8.43
$
1.06
$
27
290,439
8.23
$
1.40
$
15
$
10.01
-$
100.00
90,432
6.22
$
29.02
$
-
90,432
6.22
$
29.02
$
-
$
100.01
-$
200.00
50,938
3.47
$
162.17
$
-
50,938
3.47
$
162.17
$
-
$
200.01
-$
277.5
24,697
2.22
$
227.35
$
-
24,697
2.22
$
227.35
$
-
The
fair value of each option granted from the Company's stock option plans during the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 was estimated
on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Using this model, fair value is calculated based on assumptions with
respect to (i) expected volatility of the Company's common stock price, (ii) the periods of time over which employees and Board
Directors are expected to hold their options prior to exercise (expected lives), (iii) expected dividend yield on the Company's
common stock, and (iv) risk-free interest rates, which are based on quoted U.S. Treasury rates for securities with maturities approximating
expected lives of the options. The Company used their own historical volatility in determining the volatility to be used. The expected
term of the stock option grants was calculated using the "simplified" method in accordance with the SEC Staff Accounting
Bulletin 107. The "simplified" method was used since the Company believes its historical data does not provide a reasonable
basis upon which to estimate expected term and the Company does not have enough option exercise data from its grants issued to support
its own estimate as a result of vesting terms and changes in the stock price. The expected dividend yield is zero as the Company has
never paid dividends to common shareholders and does not currently anticipate paying any in the foreseeable future.
The
following table provides the weighted average fair value of stock options granted to directors and employees and the related assumptions
used in the Black-Scholes model:
Year Ended
October 31, 2021
October 31, 2020
Expected term
6
years
5.50
-
6.50
years
Expected volatility
103.27
%
100.27
-
105.21
%
Expected dividends
0
%
0
%
Risk free interest rate
0.53
%
0.36
-
0.62
%
Employee
Stock Purchase Plan
The
Advaxis, Inc. 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) was approved by
the Company's shareholders on March 21, 2018. The 2018 ESPP
allows employees to purchase common stock of the Company at a 15% discount to the market price on designated exercise dates. Employees
were eligible to participate in the 2018 ESPP beginning May 1, 2018. 1,000,000 shares of the Company's Common stock were reserved
for issuance under the 2018 ESPP.
F-
22
During
the fiscal years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company issued
1,000
and
14,148
shares, respectively, under the 2018 ESPP.
In July 2021, the ESPP was terminated.
9.
LICENSING AGREEMENTS
OS
Therapies LLC
On
September 4, 2018, the Company entered into a development, license and supply agreement with OS Therapies ("OST") for the
use of ADXS31-164, also known as ADXS-HER2, for evaluation in the treatment of osteosarcoma in humans. Under the terms of the license
agreement, as amended, OST will be responsible for the conduct and funding of a clinical study evaluating ADXS-HER2 in recurrent, completely
resected osteosarcoma. Under the most recent amendment to the licensing agreement, OST agreed to pay Advaxis $
25,000
per month ("Monthly
Payment") starting on April 30, 2020 until OST achieves its funding milestone of $
2,337,500
. Upon receipt of the first Monthly
Payment, Advaxis will initiate the transfer of the intellectual property and licensing rights of ADXS31-164, which were licensed pursuant
to the Penn Agreement, back to the University of Pennsylvania. Contemporaneously, OST will enter negotiations with the University of
Pennsylvania to establish a licensing agreement for ADXS31-164 to OST for clinical and commercial development of the ADXS31-164 technology.
Provided
that OST meets its ongoing obligation to make its Monthly Payments to Advaxis for six consecutive months, Advaxis agrees to transfer,
and OST agrees to take full ownership of, the IND application for ADXS31-164 in its entirety to OST, along with agreements and promises
contained therein, as well as all obligations associated with this IND or any HER2 product/program development. Until OST makes its Monthly
Payments to Advaxis for six consecutive months, Advaxis will continue to bear the costs of the regulatory filing services related to
the IND application for ADXS31-164.
Within
five business days of achieving the funding milestone of $
2,337,500
for the performance of the Children's Oncology Group study
(knowns as the "License Commencement Date"), OST will make a non-refundable and non-creditable payment to Advaxis of $
1,550,000
less the cumulative Monthly Payments previously made (the "License Commencement Payment"). Within five days following the
License Commencement Date, Advaxis will provide existing drug supply "as is" to OST, and until the drug supply is supplied
to OST, Advaxis will bear the storage costs for the drug product. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company is also to receive sales-based
milestone payments and royalties on future product sales. In addition, the Company and OST will establish a Joint Steering Committee
to oversee the R&D activities.
The
promises to (1) Maintain the HER2 product until transfer to OST, (2) Provide the IND application ownership for ADX321-164 to OST, (3)
Participate in the Joint Steering Committee, (4) Transfer of IP & licensing rights of ADXS31-164 and related Patents, and (5) Provide
Clinical Drug Supply represent one combined performance obligation for revenue recognition purposes. The Company concluded that the transfer
of the IP and licensing rights provides OST with a functional, or "right to use," license, and thus the Company will recognize
the upfront fees of $
1,550,000
from the license at a point in time. The revenue from the transfer of the license cannot be recognized
until the transfer of the corresponding IP to OST has occurred and OST has the ability to benefit from the right to use the license.
As the right to use the license begins when OST makes the upfront payment within five days of the License Commencement Date and the IP
transfers to OST at that time, the upfront fees from the license will be recognized upon the transfer of the intellectual property to
OST.
Since
OST is making $
25,000
monthly payments that will be creditable against
the $
1,550,000
,
as well as additional upfront payments not specified in the contract, the Company will receive payments prior to the performance of the
single distinct performance obligation. Due to this, the Company will defer any of the monthly payments until the IP and licensing rights
are transferred to OST. However, if OST terminates the contract, which they are able to do with 60-day notice, the Company would recognize
any of the payments received when the contract terminates. As of October 31, 2020, OST had made payments totaling $
164,653
and this has been recorded as other liabilities
in the consolidated balance sheet.
From
May 2020 to January 2021, the Company received an aggregate of $
1,615,000
from OS Therapies upon achievement of the funding milestone
set forth in the license agreement, and recorded $
1,615,000
in revenue. The Company therefore transferred and OST took full ownership
of the IND application for ADXS31-164 in its entirety along with agreements and promises contained therein, as well as all obligations
associated with this IND or any HER2 product/program development.
F-
23
On
April 26, 2021, the Company achieved the second milestone set forth in the license agreement for evaluation in the treatment of osteosarcoma
in humans and recorded $
1,375,000
in revenue. The Company received the amount due
from OS Therapies of $
1,375,000
in May 2021.
Global
BioPharma Inc.
On
December 9, 2013, the Company entered into an exclusive licensing agreement for the development and commercialization of axalimogene
filolisbac with Global BioPharma, Inc. (GBP), a Taiwanese based biotech company funded by a group of investors led by Taiwan Biotech
Co., Ltd (TBC). During each of the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded $
0.25
million in revenue for the annual
license fee renewal. Since Advaxis has no significant obligation to perform after the license transfer and has provided GBP with the
right to use its intellectual property, performance is satisfied when the license renews.
10.
CONTINGENCIES
Legal
Proceedings
Atachbarian
On
November 15, 2021, a purported stockholder of the Company commenced an action against the Company and certain of its directors in the
U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey, entitled Atachbarian v. Advaxis, Inc., et al., No. 3:21-cv-20006. The plaintiff alleges
that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties and violated Section 14(a) and Rule 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
and Rule 14A-9 promulgated thereunder by allegedly failing to disclose certain matters in the Registration Statement. On December 15,
2021, pursuant to an understanding reached with the plaintiff, the Company filed a Form 8-K with the SEC in which it made certain other
additional disclosures that mooted the demands asserted in the complaint. On December 17, 2021, the plaintiff filed a notice of voluntary
dismissal with prejudice. On February 7, 2022, the Company reached a settlement agreement, which is recorded in general and administrative
expenses in the consolidated income statement.
Purported
Stockholder Claims Related to Biosight Transaction
Between
September 16, 2021, and November 4, 2021, the Company received demand letters on behalf of six purported stockholders of the Company,
alleging that the Company failed to disclose certain matters in the Registration Statement, and demanding that the Company disclose such
information in a supplemental disclosure filed with the SEC. On October 14, 2021, the Company filed an Amendment to the Registration
Statement and on November 8, 2021, the Company filed a Form 8-K with the SEC in which it made certain other additional disclosures that
mooted the demands asserted in the above-referenced letters. The six plaintiffs have made a settlement demand. The Company believes
it has adequately accrued for a settlement, which is recorded in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated income statement.
In
addition, the Company received certain additional demands from stockholders asserting that the proxy materials filed by the Company in
connection with the Merger contained alleged material misstatements and/or omissions in violation of federal law. In response to these
demands, the Company agreed to make, and did make, certain supplemental disclosures to the proxy materials. At this time, the Company
is unable to predict the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome.
Stendhal
On
September 19, 2018, Stendhal filed a Demand for Arbitration before the International Centre for Dispute Resolution (Case No. 01-18-0003-5013)
relating to the Co-development and Commercialization Agreement with Especificos Stendhal SA de CV (the "Stendhal Agreement").
In the demand, Stendhal alleged that (i) the Company breached the Stendhal Agreement when it made certain statements regarding its AIM2CERV
program, (ii) that Stendhal was subsequently entitled to terminate the Agreement for cause, which it did so at the time and (iii) that
the Company owes Stendhal damages pursuant to the terms of the Stendhal Agreement. Stendhal is seeking to recover $
3
million paid to
the Company in 2017 as support payments for the AIM2CERV clinical trial along with approximately $
0.3
million in expenses incurred. Stendhal
is also seeking fees associated with the arbitration and interest. The Company has answered Stendhal's Demand for Arbitration and
denied that it breached the Stendhal Agreement. The Company also alleges that Stendhal breached its obligations to the Company by, among
other things, failing to make support payments that became due in 2018 and that Stendhal therefore owes the Company $
3
million. Advaxis
is also seeking fees associated with the arbitration and interest.
F-
24
From
October 21-23, 2019, an evidentiary hearing for the arbitration was conducted. On April 1, 2020, the Arbitrator issued a final award
denying Stendhal's claim in full. The Arbitrator found that the Company had not repudiated the Agreement and did not owe Stendhal
damages, fees, or interest associated with the arbitration. The Arbitrator also denied the Company's claim that Stendhal breached
its obligations to the Company. The parties were ordered to bear their own attorneys' fees and evenly split administrative fees
and expenses for the arbitration.
11.
LEASES
Operating
Leases
The
Company leased its corporate office and manufacturing facility in Princeton, New Jersey under an operating lease that was set to expire
in
November 2025
.
The Company had the option to renew the lease term for two additional five-year terms. The renewal periods were not included the lease
term for purposes of determining the lease liability or right-of-use asset. The Company provided a security deposit of approximately
$
182,000
,
which was recorded as other assets in the consolidated balance sheet as of October 31, 2020.
The
Company identified and assessed the following significant assumptions in recognizing its right-of-use assets and corresponding lease
liabilities:
●
As
    the Company does not have sufficient insight to determine an implicit rate, the Company estimated the incremental borrowing rate
    in calculating the present value of the lease payments. The Company utilized a synthetic credit rating model to determine a benchmark
    for its incremental borrowing rate for its leases. The benchmark rate was adjusted to arrive at an appropriate discount rate for
    the lease.
●
Since
    the Company elected to account for each lease component and its associated non-lease components as a single combined component, all
    contract consideration was allocated to the combined lease component.
●
Renewal
    option periods have not been included in the determination of the lease terms as they are not deemed reasonably certain of exercise.
●
Variable
    lease payments, such as common area maintenance, real estate taxes, and property insurance are not included in the determination
    of the lease's right-of-use asset or lease liability.
On
March 26, 2021, the Company entered into a Lease Termination and Surrender Agreement with respect to this lease agreement. The Lease
Termination and Surrender Agreement provides for the early termination of the lease, which became effective on March 31, 2021. In connection
with the early termination of the lease, the Company was required to pay a $
1,000,000
termination payment. The unapplied security deposit
totaling approximately $
182,000
was credited against the termination fee for a net payment of approximately $
818,000
. The Company wrote
off of the remaining right-of-use asset of approximately $
4.5
million and lease liability of approximately $
5.6
million. After consideration
of the termination payment and write off of remaining right-of-use asset and lease liability, the Company recorded a net gain of approximately
$
0.1
million.
On
March 25, 2021, the Company entered into a new lease agreement for its corporate office/lab with base rent of approximately $
29,000
per
year, plus other expenses. The lease expires on
March 25, 2022
and the Company has the option to renew the lease for one additional successive
one-year term upon six months written notice to the landlord. This new lease was accounted for as a short-term lease at inception, and
the Company elected not to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability. In September 2021, the Company exercised its option to
renew the lease, extending the lease term until
March 25, 2023
. Since the renewed lease term exceeds one-year, the lease no longer qualifies
for the short-term lease exception, resulting in the recognition of a right-of-use asset and operating lease liability of approximately
$
43,000
.
F-
25
Supplemental
balance sheet information related to leases as of October 31 was as follows (in thousands):
October 31, 2021
October 31, 2020
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets
$
40
$
4,839
Operating lease liability
$
28
$
962
Operating lease liability, net of current portion
12
5,055
Total operating lease liabilities
$
40
$
6,017
Supplemental
lease expense related to leases was as follows (in thousands):
Lease Cost (in thousands)
Statements of Operations Classification
For the Fiscal
Year Ended
October 31, 2021
For the Fiscal
Year Ended
October 31, 2020
Operating lease cost
General and administrative
$
1,302
$
1,158
Short-term lease cost
General and administrative
14
320
Variable lease cost
General and administrative
180
547
Total lease expense
$
1,496
$
2,025
Other
information related to leases where the Company is the lessee is as follows:
October 31, 2021
October 31, 2020
Weighted-average remaining lease term
1.4
years
5.1
years
Weighted-average discount rate
3.79
%
6.5
%
Supplemental
cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows:
For the Fiscal
Year Ended
October 31, 2021
For the Fiscal
Year Ended
October 31, 2020
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities
$
547
$
1,233
Future
minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of October 31, 2021 were as follows:
Fiscal Year ending October 31,
2022
$
29
2023
12
Total minimum lease payments
41
Less: Imputed interest
(
1
)
Total
$
40
F-
26
12.
INCOME TAXES
The
income tax provision (benefit) consists of the following (in thousands):
October 31, 2021
October 31, 2020
Federal
Current
$
-
$
-
Deferred
141
(
4,578
)
State and Local
Current
-
-
Deferred
131
(
1,445
)
Foreign
Current
50
50
Deferred
-
-
Change in valuation allowance
(
272
)
(
6,023
)
Income tax provision (benefit)
$
50
$
50
The
Company has U.S. federal net operating loss carryovers ("NOLs") of approximately $
314.8
million and $
299.2
million at October
31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, available to offset taxable income. The Company has $
56.0
million of NOLs which do not expire, the remainder
of which are subject to expiration through
2038
. The Company conducted an Internal Revenue Code Section 382 analysis through October
31, 2019. Based on that analysis, some NOLs incurred through October 31, 2019 are subject to limitation and will expire. Subsequent period
NOLs have not been studied for the Internal Revenue Code Section 382 limitation. The Company also has New Jersey State Net Operating
Loss carryovers of approximately $
153.7
million and $
137.6
million as of October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, available to offset
future taxable income through 2041. Utilization of New Jersey NOLs may be similarly limited.
In
assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of
the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon future generation for
taxable income during the periods in which temporary differences representing net future deductible amounts become deductible. Management
considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this
assessment. After consideration of all the information available, management believes that significant uncertainty exists with respect
to future realization of the deferred tax assets and has therefore established a full valuation allowance.
The
Company evaluated the provisions of ASC 740 related to the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise's
financial statements. ASC 740 prescribes a comprehensive model for how a company should recognize, present, and disclose uncertain positions
that the company has taken or expects to take in its tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not
to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. Differences between tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return
and the net benefit recognized and measured pursuant to the interpretation are referred to as "unrecognized benefits." A
liability is recognized (or amount of net operating loss carry forward or amount of tax refundable is reduced) for unrecognized tax benefit
because it represents an enterprise's potential future obligation to the taxing authority for a tax position that was not recognized
as a result of applying the provisions of ASC 740.
If
applicable, interest costs related to the unrecognized tax benefits are required to be calculated and would be classified as other expense
in the consolidated statement of operations. Penalties would be recognized as a component of general and administrative expenses
in the consolidated statement of operations.
No
interest or penalties on unpaid tax were recorded during the years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of October 31, 2021,
and 2020, no liability for unrecognized tax benefits was required to be reported. The Company does not expect any significant changes
in its unrecognized tax benefits in the next year.
The
Company files tax returns in the U.S. federal and state jurisdictions and is subject to examination by tax authorities beginning with
the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018.
F-
27
The
Company's deferred tax assets (liabilities) consisted of the effects of temporary differences attributable to the following (in
thousands):
Years Ended
October 31, 2021
October 31, 2020
Deferred Tax Assets
Net operating loss carryovers
$
32,971
$
28,553
Stock-based compensation
4,566
10,132
Research and development credits
11,371
10,742
Capitalized R&D costs
14,536
13,822
Adoption of ASC 842 – Lease Liability
11
1,691
Other deferred tax assets
92
224
Total deferred tax assets
$
63,547
$
65,164
Valuation allowance
(
62,573
)
(
62,845
)
Deferred tax asset, net of valuation allowance
$
974
$
2,319
Deferred Tax Liabilities
Adoption of ASC 842 – ROU Asset
(
11
)
(
1,360
)
Patent cost
(
943
)
(
917
)
Other deferred tax liabilities
(
20
)
(
42
)
Total deferred tax liabilities
$
(
974
)
$
(
2,319
)
Net deferred tax asset (liability)
$
-
$
-
The
expected tax (expense) benefit based on the statutory rate is reconciled with actual tax expense benefit as follows:
Years Ended
October 31, 2021
October 31, 2020
US Federal statutory rate
21.00
%
21.00
%
State income tax, net of federal benefit
(
0.73
)
5.48
Merger costs
(
1.68
)
0.00
Other permanent differences
(
0.02
)
(
0.05
)
Research and development credits
3.09
1.73
Warrant Liability
1.14
0.00
Foreign taxes
(
0.28
)
(
0.19
)
Change in valuation allowance
1.52
(
22.82
)
Stock option expirations
(
24.32
)
(
5.33
)
Income tax (provision) benefit
(
0.28
)%
(
0.19
)%
The
"Foreign taxes" income tax expense in the consolidated statement of operations for both the years ended October 31,
2021 and 2020 pertain to
a
Taiwan Excise tax of $50,000 levied in connection with the GBP Revenue.
13.
FAIR VALUE
The
authoritative guidance for fair value measurements defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid
to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or the most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants on the measurement date. Market participants are buyers and sellers in the principal market that are (i)
independent, (ii) knowledgeable, (iii) able to transact, and (iv) willing to transact. The guidance describes a fair value hierarchy
based on the levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure
fair value which are the following:
●
Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
●
Level 2— Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets
or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or corroborated by observable market
data or substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
●
Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the value of the assets
or liabilities.
F-
28
The
following table provides the assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of October 31, 2021 and October
31, 2020:
October 31, 2021
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Cash equivalents (money market funds)
$
17,153
$
-
$
-
$
17,153
Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $
0.30
through September 2024
-
-
27
27
Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $
0.70
through 5 years after the date such warrants become exercisable, if ever (Private Placement Warrants)
-
-
4,902
4,902
Total
$
17,153
$
-
$
4,929
$
22,082
October 31, 2020
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Cash equivalents (money market funds)
$
17,149
$
-
$
-
$
17,149
Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $
0.372
through September 2024
-
-
17
17
$
17,149
$
$
17
$
17,166
The
following table sets forth a summary of the changes in the fair value of the Company's warrant liabilities:
Year Ended October 31,
2021
2020
Beginning balance
$
17
$
19
Warrants issued
5,882
-
Warrant exercises
-
(
2
)
Change in fair value
(
970
)
-
Ending balance
$
4,929
$
17
14.
EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN
The
Company sponsors a 401(k) Plan. Employees become eligible for participation upon the start of employment. Participants may elect to have
a portion of their salary deferred and contributed to the 401(k) Plan up to the limit allowed under the Internal Revenue Code. The Company
makes a matching contribution to the plan for each participant who has elected to make tax-deferred contributions for the plan year.
The Company made matching contributions which amounted to approximately $
0.1
million for each of the years ended October 31,
2021 and 2020, respectively. These amounts were charged to the consolidated statement of operations. The employer contributions
vest immediately.
15.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On
January 31, 2022, the Company closed on an offering with certain institutional investors for the private placement of
1,000,000
shares
of Series D convertible redeemable preferred stock. The shares to be sold have an aggregate stated value of $
5,000,000
. Each share of
the Series D preferred stock has a purchase price of $
4.75
, representing an original issue discount of
5
%
of the stated value. The shares
of Series D preferred stock are convertible into shares of the Company's common stock, upon the occurrence of certain events, at
a conversion price of $
0.25
per share. The conversion, at the option of the stockholder, may occur at any time following the receipt
of the stockholders' approval for a reverse stock split. The Company will be permitted to compel conversion of the Series D preferred
stock after the fulfillment of certain conditions and subject to certain limitations.
The Series D preferred stock will also have a liquidation
preference over the common stock, and may be redeemed by the investors, in accordance with certain terms, for a redemption price equal
to 105% of the stated value, or in certain circumstances, 110% of the stated value
. The Company and the holders of the Series D preferred
stock will also enter into a registration rights agreement to register the resale of the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion
of the Series D preferred stock. Total gross proceeds from the offering, before deducting the financial advisor's fees and other estimated
offering expenses, are $
4.75
million.
F-
29
ADVAXIS,
INC.
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In
thousands, except share and per share data)
January 31, 2022
October 31, 2021
(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$
36,480
$
41,614
Restricted cash
5,250
-
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
1,386
1,643
Total current assets
43,116
43,257
Property and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation)
100
118
Intangible assets (net of accumulated amortization)
3,238
3,354
Operating right-of-use asset (net of accumulated amortization)
33
40
Other assets
11
11
Total assets
$
46,498
$
46,780
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
$
345
$
87
Accrued expenses
2,131
2,836
Current portion of operating lease liability
29
28
Preferred stock redemption liability
87
-
Common stock warrant liability
1,127
4,929
Total current liabilities
3,719
7,880
Operating lease liability, net of current portion
5
12
Total liabilities
3,724
7,892
Contingencies – Note 10
Series D convertible preferred stock- $
0.001
par value;
1,000,000
shares authorized, issued and outstanding at January 31, 2022; Liquidation preference of $
5,250
at January 31, 2022.
4,225
-
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $
0.001
par value;
4,000,000
and
5,000,000
shares authorized,
0
shares issued and outstanding at January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021.
-
-
Common stock - $
0.001
par value;
170,000,000
shares authorized,
145,638,459
shares issued and outstanding at January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021.
146
146
Additional paid-in capital
467,368
467,342
Accumulated deficit
(
428,965
)
(
428,600
)
Total stockholders' equity
38,549
38,888
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
$
46,498
$
46,780
The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.
F-
30
ADVAXIS,
INC.
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
(In
thousands, except share and per share data)
Three Months Ended
January 31,
2022
2021
Revenue
$
-
$
1,615
Operating expenses:
Research and development expenses
1,654
2,570
General and administrative expenses
2,510
3,008
Total operating expenses
4,164
5,578
Loss from operations
(
4,164
)
(
3,963
)
Other income (expense):
Interest income, net
1
1
Net changes in fair value of derivative liabilities
3,802
(
27
)
Other (expense) income
(
4
)
12
Net loss before income taxes
(
365
)
(
3,977
)
Income tax expense
-
-
Net loss
$
(
365
)
$
(
3,977
)
Net loss per common share, basic and diluted
$
(
0.00
)
$
(
0.05
)
Weighted average number of common shares, basic and diluted
145,638,459
83,943,982
The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.
F-
31
ADVAXIS,
INC.
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(In
thousands)
Three Months Ended
January 31,
2022
2021
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss
$
(
365
)
$
(
3,977
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Share based compensation
26
236
(Gain) loss on change in value of warrants
(
3,802
)
27
Loss on disposal of property and equipment
-
12
Abandonment of intangible assets
104
-
Depreciation expense
18
192
Amortization expense of intangible assets
70
67
Amortization of right-of-use asset
7
195
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses, other current assets and deferred expenses
257
463
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
(
447
)
394
Deferred revenue
-
(
165
)
Operating lease liabilities
(
6
)
(
230
)
Net cash used in operating activities
(
4,138
)
(
2,786
)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Cost of intangible assets
(
58
)
(
210
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(
58
)
(
210
)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net proceeds of issuance of Series D preferred stock
4,312
-
Net proceeds of issuance of common stock and warrants
-
8,550
Warrant exercises
-
2,586
Net cash provided by financing activities
4,312
11,136
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
116
8,140
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year
41,614
25,178
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of year
$
41,730
$
33,318
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the condensed statements of cash flows:
Cash and cash equivalents
36,480
33,318
Restricted cash
5,250
-
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in condensed statements of cash flows
41,730
33,318
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid for taxes
$
-
$
-
The
accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements.
F-
32
ADVAXIS,
INC.
NOTES
TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1.
NATURE OF OPERATIONS
Advaxis,
Inc. ("Advaxis" or the "Company") is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization
of proprietary
Listeria monocytogenes
("
Lm
")-based antigen delivery products. The Company is using its
Lm
platform directed against tumor-specific targets in order to engage the patient's immune system to destroy tumor cells. Through
a license from the University of Pennsylvania, Advaxis has exclusive access to this proprietary formulation of attenuated
Lm
called
Lm
Technology
TM
. Advaxis' proprietary approach is designed to deploy a unique mechanism of action that redirects
the immune system to attack cancer in three distinct ways:
●
Alerting and training the
    immune system by activating multiple pathways in Antigen-Presenting Cells ("APCs") with the equivalent of multiple adjuvants;
●
Attacking the tumor by
    generating a strong, cancer-specific T cell response; and
●
Breaking down tumor protection
    through suppression of the protective cells in the tumor microenvironment ("TME") that shields the tumor from the immune
    system. This enables the activated T cells to begin working to attack the tumor cells.
Advaxis'
proprietary
Lm
platform technology has demonstrated clinical activity in several of its programs and has been dosed in over 470
patients across multiple clinical trials and in various tumor types. The Company believes that
Lm
Technology immunotherapies can
complement and address significant unmet needs in the current oncology treatment landscape. Specifically, its product candidates have
the potential to work synergistically with other immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, while having a generally well-tolerated
safety profile.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Liquidity
and Management's Plans
Similar
to other development stage biotechnology companies, the Company's products that are being developed have not generated significant
revenue. As a result, the Company has suffered recurring losses and requires significant cash resources to execute its business plans.
These losses are expected to continue for the foreseeable future.
As
of January 31, 2022, the Company had approximately $
36.5
million in cash and cash equivalents. Although the Company expects to have sufficient
capital to fund its obligations, as they become due, in the ordinary course of business until at least one year from the issuance of
these consolidated financial statements, the actual amount of cash that it will need to operate is subject to many factors.
The
Company recognizes it will need to raise additional capital in order to continue to execute its business plan in the future. There is
no assurance that additional financing will be available when needed or that management will be able to obtain financing on terms acceptable
to the Company or whether the Company will become profitable and generate positive operating cash flow. If the Company is unable to raise
sufficient additional funds, it will have to further scale back its operations.
2.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Basis
of Presentation/Estimates
The
accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information, and in accordance
with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") with respect to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01
of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial
statements and the accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 2022 has been derived from the
Company's October 31, 2021 audited financial statements. In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated
financial statements furnished include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary for a fair statement of the
results for the interim periods presented.
F-
33
Operating
results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. The preparation of financial
statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets,
liabilities, revenues, expenses, and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements and during the reporting period.
Significant estimates include the timelines associated with revenue recognition on upfront payments received, fair value and recoverability
of the carrying value of property and equipment and intangible assets, fair value of warrant liability, grant date fair value of options,
deferred tax assets and any related valuation allowance and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis,
the Company evaluates its estimates, based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable
under the circumstances. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates.
These
unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements of the Company
as of and for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 and notes thereto contained in the Company's 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K,
as filed with the SEC on February 14, 2022.
Principles
of Consolidation
The
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany accounts
and transactions have been eliminated.
Restricted
Cash
On
January 31, 2022, the Company transferred $
5,250
,000 into an escrow fund to fund a potential Series D preferred stock redemption.
Convertible
Preferred Stock
Preferred
shares subject to mandatory redemption are classified as liability instruments and are measured at fair value. The Company classifies
conditionally redeemable preferred shares, which includes preferred shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the
control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company's control,
as temporary equity ("mezzanine") until such time as the conditions are removed or lapse.
Derivative
Financial Instruments
The
Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market or foreign currency risks. The Company evaluates
all of its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives.
For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair
value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. For share-based
derivative financial instruments, the Company used the Monte Carlo simulation model, the Black Scholes model and a binomial model
to value the derivative instruments at inception and on subsequent valuation dates. The classification of derivative instruments, including
whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative
liabilities are classified in the consolidated balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of
the instrument could be required within 12 months after the balance sheet date.
F-
34
Net
Income (Loss) per Share
Basic
net income or loss per common share is computed by dividing net income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share give effect to dilutive options, warrants, restricted
stock units and other potential common stock outstanding during the period. In the case of a net loss, the impact of the potential common
stock resulting from warrants, outstanding stock options and convertible debt are not included in the computation of diluted loss per
share, as the effect would be anti-dilutive. In the case of net income, the impact of the potential common stock resulting from these
instruments that have intrinsic value are included in the diluted earnings per share. The table below sets forth the number of potential
shares of common stock that have been excluded from diluted net loss per share:
As of January 31,
2022
2021
Warrants
30,225,397
8,014,220
Series D convertible redeemable preferred stock
20,000,000
-
Stock options
888,058
1,047,377
Restricted stock units
-
5,556
Total
51,113,455
9,067,153
Recent
Accounting Standards
In
December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Simplification of Income Taxes (Topic 740) Income Taxes ("ASU 2019-12"). ASU
2019-12 simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The amendments
also improve consistent application of and simplify U.S. GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance.
ASU 2019-12 is effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within
those fiscal years. The Company adopted this standard effective November 1, 2021 and it is not material to the financial results of the
Company.
In
August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity's Own Equity, which
simplifies the accounting for certain convertible instruments, amends guidance on derivative scope exceptions for contracts in an entity's
own equity, and modifies the guidance on diluted earnings per share ("EPS") calculations as a result of these changes. The
standard will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and can be applied on either a fully retrospective
or modified retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company adopted
this standard effective November 1, 2021 and it is not material to the financial results of the Company.
Management
does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material impact
on the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
3.
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property
and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):
January 31, 2022
October 31, 2021
Laboratory equipment
$
179
$
179
Computer equipment
241
241
Total property and equipment
420
420
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(
320
)
(
302
)
Net property and equipment
$
100
$
118
Depreciation
expense for the three months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021 was approximately $
18
,000 and $
192
,000, respectively.
F-
35
4.
INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible
assets, net consisted of the following (in thousands):
January 31, 2022
October 31, 2021
Patents
$
4,769
$
4,836
Licenses
777
777
Software
98
98
Total intangibles
5,644
5,711
Accumulated amortization
(
2,406
)
(
2,357
)
Intangible assets
$
3,238
$
3,354
The
expiration dates of the existing patents range from 2021 to 2039 but the expiration dates can be extended based on market approval if
granted and/or based on existing laws and regulations. Capitalized costs associated with patent applications that are abandoned without
future value are charged to expense when the determination is made not to further pursue the application. Patent applications having
a net book value of approximately $
104
,000 and $
0
were abandoned and were charged to general and administrative expenses in the statement
of operations for each of the three months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Amortization expense for intangible assets
that was charged to general and administrative expense in the statement of operations aggregated approximately $
70
,000 and $
67
,000 for
the three months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Management
has reviewed its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset might
not be recoverable. Net assets are recorded on the balance sheet for patents and licenses related to axalimogene filolisbac (AXAL), ADXS-HOT,
ADXS-PSA and other products that are in development. However, if a competitor were to gain FDA approval for a similar treatment before
the Company or if future clinical trials fail to meet the targeted endpoints, the Company will likely record an impairment related to
these assets. In addition, if an application is rejected or fails to be issued, the Company would record an impairment of its estimated
book value. Lastly, if the Company is unable to raise enough capital to continue funding its studies and developing its intellectual
property, the Company would likely record an impairment to these assets.
As
of January 31, 2022, the estimated amortization expense by fiscal year based on the current carrying value of intangible assets is as
follows (in thousands):
Fiscal year ending
October 31,
2022 (Remaining)
$
211
2023
282
2024
282
2025
282
2026
282
Thereafter
1,899
Total
$
3,238
5.
ACCRUED EXPENSES
:
The
following table summarizes accrued expenses included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):
January 31, 2022
October 31, 2021
Salaries and other compensation
$
170
$
55
Vendors
1,524
1,968
Professional fees
237
613
Other
200
200
Total accrued expenses
$
2,131
$
2,836
F-
36
6.
LEASES
Operating
Leases
The
Company previously leased a corporate office and manufacturing facility in Princeton, New Jersey under an operating lease that was set
to expire in
November 2025
. On March 26, 2021, the Company entered into a Lease Termination and Surrender Agreement with respect to this
lease agreement. The Lease Termination and Surrender Agreement provides for the early termination of the lease, which became effective
on March 31, 2021. In connection with the early termination of the lease, the Company was required to pay a $
1,000,000
termination payment.
The unapplied security deposit totaling approximately $
182,000
was credited against the termination fee for a net payment of approximately
$
818,000
. The Company wrote off of the remaining right-of-use asset of approximately $
4.5
million and lease liability of approximately
$
5.6
million. After consideration of the termination payment and write off of remaining right-of-use asset and lease liability, the Company
recorded a net gain of approximately $
0.1
million.
On
March 25, 2021, the Company entered into a new lease agreement for its corporate office/lab with base rent of approximately $
29,000
per
year, plus other expenses. The lease expires on
March 25, 2022
and the Company has the option to renew the lease for one additional successive
one-year term upon six months written notice to the landlord. This new lease was accounted for as a short-term lease at inception, and
the Company elected not to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability. In September 2021, the Company exercised its option to
renew the lease, extending the lease term until
March 25, 2023
. Since the renewed lease term exceeds one-year, the lease no longer qualifies
for the short-term lease exception, resulting in the recognition of a right-of-use asset and operating lease liability of approximately
$
43
,000.
Supplemental
balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):
January 31, 2022
October 31, 2021
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets
$
33
$
40
Operating lease liability
$
29
$
28
Operating lease liability, net of current portion
5
12
Total operating lease liabilities
$
34
$
40
Supplemental
lease expense related to leases was as follows (in thousands):
Lease
    Cost (in thousands)
Statements
    of Operations Classification
For
    the Three
Months Ended
January 31, 2022
For
    the Three
Months Ended
January 31, 2021
Operating lease
    cost
General and
    administrative
7
290
Variable
    lease cost
General
    and administrative
$
9
437
Total
    lease expense
$
16
727
Other
information related to leases where the Company is the lessee is as follows:
January 31, 2022
October 31, 2021
Weighted-average remaining lease term
1.2
years
1.4
years
Weighted-average discount rate
3.79
%
3.79
%
Supplemental
cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows:
For the Three
Months Ended
January 31, 2022
For the Three
Months Ended
January 31, 2021
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities
$
7
$
324
F-
37
Future
minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of January 31, 2022 were as follows:
Fiscal Year ending October 31,
2022 (Remaining)
$
22
2023
13
Total minimum lease payments
35
Less: Imputed interest
(
1
)
Total
$
34
7.
COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANTS AND WARRANT LIABILITY
Warrants
As
of January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, there were outstanding and exercisable warrants to purchase
30,225,397
shares of our common
stock with exercise prices ranging from $
0.30
to $
281.25
per share. Information on the outstanding warrants is as follows:
Exercise
Price
Number of Shares
Underlying Warrants
Expiration Date
Type of Financing
$
281.25
25
N/A
Other warrants
$
0.25
70,297
July 2024
September 2018 Public Offering
$
2.80
327,338
September 2024
July 2019 Public Offering
$
0.35
4,578,400
November 2025
November 2020 Public Offering
$
0.70
11,244,135
April 2026
April 2021 Registered Direct Offering (Accompanying Warrants)
$
0.70
14,005,202
5 years after the date such warrants become exercisable, if ever
April 2021 Private Placement (Private Placement Warrants)
Grand Total
30,225,397
As
of January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, the Company had
16,149,898
of its total
30,225,397
outstanding warrants classified as equity (equity
warrants).
Warrant
Liability
As
of January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, the Company had
14,075,499
of its total
30,225,397
outstanding warrants from an April 2021
private offering of common stock and warrants (the "April 2021 Private Placement") and a September 2018 public offering of
common stock and warrants (the "September 2018 Public Offering") classified as liabilities (liability warrants).
The
warrants issued in the April 2021 Private Placement will become exercisable only on such day, if ever, that is 14 days after the Company
files an amendment to the Company's Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares
of common stock, $
0.001
par value per share from
170,000,000
shares to
300,000,000
shares. These warrants expire five years after the
date they become exercisable. As of January 31, 2022, the Company did not have sufficient authorized common stock to allow for the issuance
of common stock underlying these warrants. The Company did not receive stockholder authorization to increase the authorized shares from
170,000,000
to
300,000,000
shares at the stockholder's meeting commenced on June 3, 2021. The Company was subsequently required
to file a proxy to seek an increase in the number of authorized shares and did not file such a proxy but rather elected to seek a reverse
stock split to, among other things, increase the shares available. Accordingly, based on certain indemnification provisions of the securities
purchase agreement, the Company concluded that liability classification is warranted. The Company utilized the Black Scholes model to
calculate the fair value of these warrants at issuance and at each subsequent reporting date.
F-
38
In
measuring the warrant liability for the warrants issued in the April 2021 Private Placement at January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021,
the Company used the following inputs in its Black Scholes model:
January 31, 2022
October 31, 2021
Exercise Price
$
0.70
$
0.70
Stock Price
$
0.136
$
0.485
Expected Term
5
.00 years
5
.00 years
Volatility %
108
%
106
%
Risk Free Rate
1.62
%
1.18
%
The
September 2018 Public Offering warrants contain a down round feature, except for exempt issuances as defined in the warrant agreement,
in which the exercise price would immediately be reduced to match a dilutive issuance of common stock, options, convertible securities
and changes in option price or rate of conversion. As of January 31, 2021, the down round feature was triggered four times and the exercise
price of the warrants were reduced from $
22.50
to $
0.25
. The warrants require liability classification as the warrant agreement requires
the Company to maintain an effective registration statement and does not specify any circumstances under which settlement in other than
cash would be permitted or required. As a result, net cash settlement is assumed and liability classification is warranted. For these
liability warrants, the Company utilized the Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the fair value of these warrants at issuance and
at each subsequent reporting date.
In
measuring the warrant liability for the September 2018 Public Offering warrants at January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, the Company
used the following inputs in its Monte Carlo simulation model:
January 31, 2022
October 31, 2021
Exercise Price
$
0.25
$
0.30
Stock Price
$
0.136
$
0.485
Expected Term
2.61
years
2.87
years
Volatility %
118
%
123
%
Risk Free Rate
1.29
%
0.77
%
At
January 31, 2022 and October 31, 2021, the fair value of the warrant liability was approximately $
1,127,000
and $
4,929,000
, respectively.
For the three months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company reported income of approximately $
3,802,000
and expense of $
27,000
,
respectively, due to changes in the fair value of the warrant liability.
8.
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Atachbarian
On
November 15, 2021, a purported stockholder of the Company commenced an action against the Company and certain of its directors in the
U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey, entitled Atachbarian v. Advaxis, Inc., et al., No. 3:21-cv-20006. The plaintiff alleges
that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties and violated Section 14(a) and Rule 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
and Rule 14a-9 promulgated thereunder by allegedly failing to disclose certain matters in its Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Commission
File No. 333-259065 (the "Registration Statement") filed in connection with a proposed merger with Biosight Ltd. (the "Previously
Proposed Merger"). On December 15, 2021, pursuant to an understanding reached with the plaintiff, the Company made certain other additional disclosures that mooted the demands asserted in the complaint. On December 17,
2021, the plaintiff filed a notice of voluntary dismissal with prejudice. On February 7, 2022, the Company and the plaintiff reached
a settlement agreement, which is recorded in accrued expenses in the consolidated balance statement.
F-
39
Purported
Stockholder Claims Related to Biosight Transaction
Between
September 16, 2021, and November 4, 2021, the Company received demand letters on behalf of six purported stockholders of the Company,
alleging that the Company failed to disclose certain matters in the Registration Statement, and demanding that the Company disclose such
information in a supplemental disclosure filed with the SEC. On October 14, 2021, the Company filed an amendment to the Registration
Statement and on November 8, 2021, the Company made certain other additional disclosures that
mooted the demands asserted in the above-referenced letters. The six plaintiffs have made a settlement demand. The Company believes it
has adequately accrued for a settlement, which is recorded in accrued expenses in the consolidated  balance sheet.
In
addition, the Company received certain additional demands from stockholders asserting that the proxy materials filed by the Company in
connection with the Previously Proposed Merger contained alleged material misstatements and/or omissions in violation of federal law.
In response to these demands, the Company agreed to make, and did make, certain supplemental disclosures to the proxy materials. At this
time, the Company is unable to predict the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome.
9.
TEMPORARY EQUITY
Series
D Convertible Preferred Stock Offering
On
January 31, 2022, the Company closed on an offering with certain institutional investors for the private placement of
1,000,000
shares
of Series D convertible redeemable preferred stock ("Series D preferred stock"). The shares to be sold have an aggregate
stated value of $
5,000,000
. Each share of the Series D preferred stock has a purchase price of $
4.75
, representing an original issue
discount of
5
% of the stated value. Total net proceeds from the offering, after deducting the financial advisor's fees and other
estimated offering expenses, were approximately $
4,312,000
.
The
Company has called a special meeting of stockholders to consider an amendment (the "Amendment") to the Company's Amended
and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, to effect a reverse stock split of the outstanding shares of common stock by a ratio to be
determined by the Board of Directors of the Company within a range to be specified in the proposal put to the stockholders for approval
of the Amendment. The investors have agreed in the Purchase Agreement to not transfer, offer, sell, contract to sell, hypothecate, pledge
or otherwise dispose of the shares of the Series D preferred stock until the reverse stock split and to vote the shares of the Series
D preferred stock purchased in the offering in a manner that "mirrors" the proportions on which the shares of common stock
(excluding any shares of common stock that are not voted) are voted on the reverse stock split and the Amendment. The Amendment requires
the approval of the majority of the votes associated with the Company's outstanding stock entitled to vote on the proposal. The
certificate of designation provides that the Series D preferred stock will have no voting rights, other than the right to vote as a class
on certain specified matters, except that each share of Series D preferred stock will have the right to cast
30,000
votes per share of
Series D preferred stock on the reverse stock split.
The
Series D preferred stock can be converted at the option of the holder at any time after the Company has received stockholder approval
for a reverse stock split and filed the requisite amendment with the Delaware Secretary of State's office to effectuate the reverse
stock split, subject to beneficial ownership limitations. The Company will be permitted to compel conversion of the Series D preferred
stock after the fulfillment of certain conditions and subject to certain limitations. The Series D preferred stock is convertible into
shares of Common Stock at a rate of $
0.25
per share for the Series D preferred stock. In addition, on or after the reverse stock split
date, and subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, the Company can cause the holder of the Series D Preferred Stock to convert
their shares of Series D Preferred Stock, subject to such beneficial ownership limitations.
F-
40
The
Series D preferred stock has a liquidation preference over the common stock, and may be redeemed by the investors. Each holder of the
Series D preferred stock has the right to cause the Company to redeem all or part of their shares of the Series D preferred stock from
the earlier of receipt of stockholder approval of the reverse stock split or 90 days following the original issue date until 120 days
following the original issue date (the "Redemption Date") in cash at a redemption price equal to
105
% of the stated value
plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends, if any, on such shares (whether or not earned or declared, but excluding interest
on such dividends) up to, but excluding, the Redemption Date. Under certain circumstances, the commencement of the period during which
the Series D preferred stock may be redeemed may be extended from 90 days following the original issue date to 135 days following the
original issue date, in which case the Redemption Date would be extended to 165 days following the original issue date. Should such extension
occur, the redemption price would be increased to an amount equal to
110
% of the stated value plus an amount equal to accumulated but
unpaid dividends, if any, on such shares.
The
holders of Series D preferred stock will be entitled to dividends, on an as-if converted basis, equal to dividends actually paid, if
any, on shares of common stock.
The
$
4.75
million in gross proceeds of the offering are held in an escrow account, along with an additional $
500,000
deposited by the Company
to cover the aggregate original issue discount as well as the additional amount that would be necessary to fund the
105
% redemption price
until the expiration of the redemption period for the Series D Preferred Stock, as applicable, subject to the earlier payment to redeeming
holders. Upon expiration of the redemption period, any proceeds remaining in escrow will be disbursed to the Company.
In
connection with the Offering, the Company and the investors entered into a registration rights agreement, pursuant to which the Company
is required to file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission to register for resale the shares that are issued
upon the conversion of shares of Series D preferred stock. The registration statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on or before the 60th calendar day following the first date on which shares are issued upon the conversion of shares of Series
D preferred stock.
Since
the Series D preferred stock has a redemption feature at the option of the holder, it is classified as temporary equity. At the January
31, 2022 issuance date, the Series D preferred stock was recorded on the balance sheet at approximately $
4,225
,000, which is the $
4,312,000
net proceeds less the $
87,000
value of the bifurcated preferred stock redemption liability (see below).
Preferred
Stock Redemption Liability
The
Company evaluated the preferred stock redemption feature under ASC 815. Since the preferred stock redemption feature is not considered
to be clearly and closely related to the preferred stock host and the redemption feature meets the four characteristics of a derivative
under ASC 815, the preferred stock redemption feature is required to be bifurcated from the preferred stock host and valued as a liability.
The Company utilized a binomial model to calculate the fair value of the preferred stock redemption feature at issuance.
In
measuring the preferred stock redemption liability at January 31, 2022 (issuance date), the Company used the following inputs in its
binomial model:
January 31, 2022
Exercise Price
$
0.25
Stock Price
$
0.136
Volatility %
105
%
Risk Free Rate
1.00
%
At
January 31, 2022, the fair value of
the preferred stock
redemption liability
was approximately $
87,000
.
F-
41
10.
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
A
summary of the changes in stockholders' equity for the three months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021 is presented below (in thousands,
except share data):
Preferred Stock
Common Stock
Additional Paid-In
Accumulated
Total Shareholders'
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Capital
Deficit
Equity
Balance at November 1, 2020
-
$
-
78,074,023
$
78
$
440,840
$
(
410,738
)
$
30,180
Stock-based compensation
-
-
-
-
236
-
236
Advaxis public offerings, net of offering costs
-
-
30,666,665
31
8,519
-
8,550
Warrant exercises
-
-
7,390,000
7
2,579
-
2,586
Net Loss
-
-
-
-
-
(
3,977
)
(
3,977
)
Balance at January 31, 2021
-
$
-
116,130,688
$
116
$
452,174
$
(
414,715
)
$
37,575
Preferred Stock
Common Stock
Additional
Paid-In
Accumulated
Total
Shareholders'
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Capital
Deficit
Equity
Balance at November 1, 2021
-
$
-
145,638,459
$
146
$
467,342
$
(
428,600
)
$
38,888
Stock-based compensation
-
-
-
-
26
-
26
Net Loss
-
-
-
-
-
(
365
)
(
365
)
Balance at January 31, 2022
-
$
-
145,638,459
$
146
$
467,368
$
(
428,965
)
$
38,549
11.
SHARE BASED COMPENSATION
The
following table summarizes share-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
Three Months Ended January 31,
2022
2021
Research and development
$
13
$
57
General and administrative
13
179
Total
$
26
$
236
Stock
Options
A
summary of changes in the stock option plan for the three months ended January 31, 2022 is as follows:
Shares
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
In Years
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)
Outstanding as of October 31, 2021
893,946
$
19.32
7.80
$
27
Cancelled or expired
(
5,888
)
277.50
Outstanding as of January 31, 2022
888,058
$
17.61
7.55
$
-
Vested and exercisable at January 31, 2022
484,641
$
31.80
6.89
$
-
F-
42
The
following table summarizes information about the outstanding and exercisable options at January 31, 2022:
Options
    Outstanding
Options
    Exercisable
Weighted
Weighted
Weighted
Weighted
Average
Average
Average
Average
Exercise
Number
Remaining
Exercise
Number
Remaining
Exercise
Price
    Range
Outstanding
Contractual
Price
Exercisable
Contractual
Price
$
.30
-$
1.00
672,500
8.29
$
0.54
270,000
8.20
$
0.50
$
1.01
-$
10.00
55,379
6.80
$
7.47
54,462
6.79
$
7.56
$
10.01
-$
100.00
90,432
5.97
$
29.02
90,432
5.97
$
29.02
$
100.01
-$
258.30
69,747
3.07
$
175.51
69,747
3.07
$
175.51
As
of January 31, 2022, there was approximately $
125,000
of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock option awards, which
is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted average vesting period of
1.38
years.
Potential
Acceleration of Stock Options
In
the event of a merger transaction, similar to the Previously Proposed Merger Agreement, all of the Chief Executive Officer's
73,777
unvested stock options, pursuant to his employment agreement, would accelerate.
12.
LICENSING AGREEMENTS
OS
Therapies LLC
On
September 4, 2018, the Company entered into a development, license and supply agreement with OS Therapies ("OST") for the
use of ADXS31-164, also known as ADXS-HER2, for evaluation in the treatment of osteosarcoma in humans. Under the terms of the license
agreement, as amended, OST will be responsible for the conduct and funding of a clinical study evaluating ADXS-HER2 in recurrent, completely
resected osteosarcoma. Under the most recent amendment to the licensing agreement, OST agreed to pay Advaxis $
25,000
per month ("Monthly
Payment") starting on April 30, 2020 until it achieved its funding milestone of $
2,337,500
. Upon receipt of the first Monthly Payment,
Advaxis initiated the transfer of the intellectual property and licensing rights of ADXS31-164, which were licensed pursuant to the Penn
Agreement, back to the University of Pennsylvania. Contemporaneously, OST will enter negotiations with the University of Pennsylvania
to establish a licensing agreement for ADXS31-164 to OST for clinical and commercial development of the ADXS31-164 technology.
During
the three months ended January 31, 2021,
the Company received an aggregate of $1,615,000 from OS Therapies upon achievement of the funding
milestone set forth in the license agreement
. The Company therefore transferred and OST took full ownership of the IND application for
ADXS31-164 in its entirety along with agreements and promises contained therein, as well as all obligations associated with this IND
or any HER2 product/program development.
13.
FAIR VALUE
The
authoritative guidance for fair value measurements defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid
to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or the most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants on the measurement date. Market participants are buyers and sellers in the principal market that are (i)
independent, (ii) knowledgeable, (iii) able to transact, and (iv) willing to transact. The guidance describes a fair value hierarchy
based on the levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure
fair value which are the following:
●
Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
●
Level 2— Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets
or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or corroborated by observable market
data or substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
F-
43
●
Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the value of the assets
or liabilities.
The
following table provides the assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of January 31, 2022 and October
31, 2021 (in thousands):
Fair value measured at January 31, 2022
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Financial assets at fair value:
Cash equivalents (money market funds)
$
17,154
$
-
$
-
$
17,154
Total Financial Assets at Fair Value
$
17,154
$
-
$
-
$
17,154
Financial liabilities at fair value:
Preferred stock redemption liability
$
-
$
-
$
87
$
87
Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $
0.25
through September 2024
-
-
7
7
Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $
0.70
through 5 years after the date such warrants become exercisable, if ever (Private Placement Warrants)
-
-
1,120
1,120
Total financial liabilities at fair value
$
-
$
-
$
1,214
$
1,214
Fair value measured at October 31, 2021
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Financial assets at fair value:
Cash equivalents (money market funds)
$
17,153
$
-
$
-
$
17,153
Total Financial Assets at Fair Value
$
17,153
$
-
$
-
$
17,153
Financial liabilities at fair value:
Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $
0.30
through September 2024
$
-
$
-
$
27
$
27
Common stock warrant liability, warrants exercisable at $
0.70
through 5 years after the date such warrants become exercisable, if ever (Private Placement Warrants)
-
-
4,902
4,902
Total financial liabilities at fair value
$
-
$
-
$
4,929
$
4,929
The
following table presents changes in Level 3 liabilities measured at fair value (in thousands) for the three months ended January 31,
2022. Unobservable inputs were used to determine the fair value of positions that the Company has classified within the Level 3 category.
Preferred Stock Redemption Liability
Warrant Liabilities
Total
Fair value at October 31, 2021
$
-
$
4,929
$
4,929
Additions
87
-
87
Change in fair value
-
(
3,802
)
(
3,802
)
Fair value at January 31, 2022
$
87
$
1,127
$
1,214
F-
44
Shares of Common Stock
and
Warrants to Purchase
Shares of Common Stock
ADVAXIS,
INC.
PROSPECTUS
A.G.P.
,
2022
Until
          , 2022, (25 days after the date of this prospectus) all dealers that effect transactions in the shares of our common stock, whether
or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers' obligation
to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
PART
II
INFORMATION
NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item
13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The
following table sets forth all expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, payable by us in connection with the sale
of the shares of common stock being registered. All of such expenses are estimates, except the fees payable to the SEC and the Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority.
Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee
$
2,317.50
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority fee*
$
Stock exchange fees*
Printing and mailing expenses*
Legal fees and expenses*
Accounting fees and expenses*
Transfer agent and registrar fees*
Miscellaneous fees and expenses*
Total:
$
*
To be provided by amendment.
Item
14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Section
145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or the DGCL, authorizes a corporation to indemnify its directors and officers against liabilities
arising out of actions, suits and proceedings to which they are made or threatened to be made a party by reason of the fact that they
have served or are currently serving as a director or officer to a corporation. The indemnity may cover expenses (including attorneys'
fees) judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the director or officer in connection with
any such action, suit or proceeding. Section 145 permits corporations to pay expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred by directors
and officers in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding. In addition, Section 145 provides that a corporation
has the power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of its directors and officers against any liability asserted against them
and incurred by them in their capacity as a director or officer, or arising out of their status as such, whether or not the corporation
would have the power to indemnify the director or officer against such liability under Section 145.
We
have adopted provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws to be in effect at the consummation of this offering that limit
or eliminate the personal liability of our directors to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as it now exists or may in the future
be amended. Consequently, a director will not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages or breach of fiduciary
duty as a director, except for liability for:
●
any
    breach of the director's duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders;
●
any
    act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;
●
any
    unlawful payments related to dividends or unlawful stock purchases, redemptions or other distributions; or
●
any
    transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.
These
limitations of liability do not alter director liability under the federal securities laws and do not affect the availability of equitable
remedies such as an injunction or rescission.
In
addition, our bylaws provide that:
●
we
    will indemnify our directors, officers and, in the discretion of our board of directors, certain employees to the fullest extent
    permitted by the DGCL, as it now exists or may in the future be amended; and
●
we
    will advance reasonable expenses, including attorneys' fees, to our directors and, in the discretion of our board of directors,
    to our officers and certain employees, in connection with legal proceedings relating to their service for or on behalf of us, subject
    to limited exceptions.
II-
1
We
have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and intend to enter into such agreements with certain of our
executive officers. These agreements provide that we will indemnify each of our directors, certain of our executive officers and, at
times, their affiliates to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. We will advance expenses, including attorneys' fees (but
excluding judgments, fines and settlement amounts), to each indemnified director, executive officer or affiliate in connection with any
proceeding in which indemnification is available and we will indemnify our directors and officers for any action or proceeding arising
out of that person's services as a director or officer brought on behalf of the Company and/or in furtherance of our rights. Additionally,
each of our directors may have certain rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses and/or insurance provided by their affiliates,
which indemnification relates to and might apply to the same proceedings arising out of such director's services as a director
referenced herein. Nonetheless, we have agreed in the indemnification agreements that the Company's obligations to those same directors
are primary and any obligation of the affiliates of those directors to advance expenses or to provide indemnification for the expenses
or liabilities incurred by those directors are secondary.
We
also maintain general liability insurance which covers certain liabilities of our directors and officers arising out of claims based
on acts or omissions in their capacities as directors or officers, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
The
underwriting agreement filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this registration statement provides for indemnification of us and our directors and officers
by the underwriters against certain liabilities under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act.
Item
15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
On
January 31, 2022, the Company completed the issuance and sale, in a private placement under Regulation D under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended, of 1,000,000 shares of the Company's Series D Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share
(the "Series D Preferred Stock"). The shares of Series D Preferred Stock were convertible, at a conversion price of $0.25
per share (subject in certain circumstances to adjustments), into shares of the Company's common stock, par value $0.001 per share.
All shares of the Series D Preferred Stock were redeemed on April 7, 2022.
Item
16. Exhibits
1.1
Form
    of Underwriting Agreement (to be filed by amendment).
3.1
Form of Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc.
3.2
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Incorporated by reference to Annex C to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on May 15, 2006.
3.3
Certificate of Designations of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series B Preferred Stock of the registrant, dated July 19, 2010. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 20, 2010.
3.4
Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on August 16, 2012. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 17, 2012.
3.5
Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on July 11, 2013 (reverse stock split). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 15, 2013.
3.6
Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on July 12, 2013 (reverse stock split). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 15, 2013.
II-
2
3.7
Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on July 9, 2014. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 10, 2014.
3.8
Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on March 10, 2016. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 11, 2016.
3.9
Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on March 21, 2018. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 21, 2018.
3.10
Second Amended and Restated By-Laws of Advaxis, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 5, 2021.
3.11
Amendment No. 1 to the Second Amended and Restated By-Laws of Advaxis, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 20, 2021.
3.12
Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights, and Limitations of Series D Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.13 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 14, 2022.
3.13
Certificate of Correction to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022
3.14
Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022
3.15
Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022
3.16
Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022
3.17
Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022
3.18
Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.6 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022
II-
3
3.19
Certificate of Correction to the Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advaxis, Inc., filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.7 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022
3.20
Amendment No. 2 to the Second Amended and Restated By-Laws of Advaxis, Inc., Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.9 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022
3.21
Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series D Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 1, 2022
4.1
Form of Warrant Agency Agreement, dated as of September 11, 2018 between Advaxis, Inc. and Continental Stock Transfer and Trust Company (and Form of Warrant contained therein), Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 11, 2018.
4.2
Form of Common Warrant dated July 25, 2019 Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 25, 2019.
4.3
Form of Common Stock Warrant dated November 27, 2020. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 27, 2020.
4.4
Form of Pre-Funded Warrant. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 12, 2021.
4.5
Form of Accompanying Warrant. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 12, 2021.
4.6
Form of Private Placement Warrant. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 12, 2021.
4.7
Description of each class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 14, 2022.
5.1
Opinion
    of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP (to be filed by amendment).
10.1
License Agreement, between the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania and the registrant dated as of June 17, 2002, as Amended and Restated on February 13, 2007. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to Annual Report on Form 10-KSB filed with the SEC on February 13, 2007.
10.2
Amended and Restated 2009 Stock Option Plan of the registrant. Incorporated by reference to Annex A to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on April 30, 2010.
10.3
Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated Patent License Agreement between the registrant and the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania dated as of May 10, 2010. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on June 3, 2010.
10.4
2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan of registrant. Incorporated by reference to Annex A to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on August 29, 2011.
10.5
Amendment No. 1, dated as of March 26, 2007, to the License Agreement, between the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania and Advaxis, Inc. dated as of June 17, 2002, as amended and restated on February 13, 2007. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on June 14, 2012.
II-
4
10.6
Amendment No. 3, dated as of December 12, 2011, to the License Agreement, between the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania and Advaxis, Inc. dated as of June 17, 2002, as amended and restated on February 13, 2007. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on June 14, 2012.
10.7
Amendment No. 1 to 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan of registrant. Incorporated by reference to Annex B to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on July 19, 2012.
10.8
Indemnification Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 20, 2013.
10.9
Exclusive License and Technology Transfer Agreement by and between Advaxis, Inc. and Global BioPharma, Inc., dated December 9, 2013. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.79 to Annual Report on Form 10-K/A filed with the SEC on February 6, 2014.
10.10
Distribution and Supply Agreement, dated as of January 20, 2014, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and Biocon, Limited. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on March 17, 2014.
10.11
Exclusive License Agreement, dated March 19, 2014, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and Aratana Therapeutics, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on June 10, 2014.
10.12
Clinical Trial Collaboration Agreement, dated July 21, 2014, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and MedImmune, LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on September 9, 2014.
10.13
5
th
Amendment to the Amended & Restated License Agreement, dated July 25, 2014, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and University of Pennsylvania. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on September 9, 2014.
10.14
Amendment No. 2 to the Advaxis, Inc. 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan, effective July 9, 2014. Incorporated by reference to Annex A to Current Report on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on May 20, 2014.
10.15
Amended and Restated 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan, dated September 8, 2014. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on September 9, 2014.
10.16
Master Services Agreement for Technical Transfer and Clinical Supply, dated February 5, 2014, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and SynCo Bio Partners B.V. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 11, 2014.
10.17
Clinical Trial Collaboration and Supply Agreement by and between Advaxis, Inc. and Merck & Co. dated August 22, 2014. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.101 to Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on January 6, 2015.
10.18
Co-Development and Commercialization Agreement between Advaxis, Inc. and Especificos Stendhal SA de CV dated February 3, 2016. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on February 26, 2016.
10.19
2015 Incentive Plan of registrant. Incorporated by reference to Annex A to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on April 7, 2015.
10.20
Amendment to the Advaxis, Inc. 2015 Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on February 11, 2016.
II-
5
10.21
Amendment to the Advaxis, Inc. 2015 Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on February 10, 2017.
10.22
Amendment to the Advaxis, Inc. 2015 Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to DEF 14A Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on March 20, 2020.
10.23
Sales Agreement, dated May 8, 2020, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 8, 2020).
10.24
Purchase Agreement, dated July 30, 2020, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 3, 2020).
10.25
Lease Agreement, dated March 25, 2021, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and Princeton Corporate Plaza, LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 30, 2021.
10.26
Lease Termination and Surrender Agreement, dated March 26, 2021, by and between Advaxis, Inc. and 300 CR LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 30, 2021.
10.27
Securities Purchase Agreement dated April 12, 2021, by and among Advaxis, Inc. and the purchasers identified on the signature pages thereto. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 12, 2021.
10.28
Form of Investor Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 12, 2021.
10.29
Amendment to the Advaxis, Inc. 2015 Incentive Plan, dated as of February 11, 2021. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 4, 2021.
10.30
Employment Agreement between Advaxis, Inc. and Kenneth A. Berlin, dated April 23, 2018. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 23, 2018.
10.31
Employment Agreement between Advaxis, Inc. and Andres Gutierrez, M.D., dated April 23, 2018. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K/A filed with the SEC on February 26, 2021.
10.32
Termination Letter from Advaxis, Inc. to Biosight LTD., dated December 30, 2021, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 30, 2021.
10.33
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement between Advaxis, Inc. and the investors thereto, dated January 27, 2022, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022.
10.34
Form of Registration Rights Agreement by and among Advaxis, Inc. and the investors named therein, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 28, 2022.
23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (filed herewith).
23.2
Consent
    of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1) (to be filed by amendment).
24.1
Power of Attorney (included on signature page).
107
Filing Fee Exhibit (filed herewith).
II-
6
(b)
Financial Statement Schedules
.
Schedules
not listed above have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the financial
statements or notes thereto.
Item
17. Undertakings
The
undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1)
to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement: (i) to
include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act; (ii) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising
after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in
the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which
was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus
filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20%
change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "
Calculation of Registration Fee
" table in the effective
registration statement; and (iii) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed
in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement; provided, however, that paragraphs
(i), (ii) and (iii) do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-1 and the information required to be included in a post-effective
amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section
13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained
in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement;
(2)
that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be
a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed
to be the initial
bona fide
offering thereof;
(3)
to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the
termination of the offering;
(4)
that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser: Each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)
as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses
filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used
after effectiveness.
Provided
,
however
, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of
the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or
prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use,
supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement
or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use; and
II-
7
(5)
that, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution
of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant
to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities
are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to
the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
(a)
any
    preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule
    424;
(b)
any
    free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by
    the undersigned registrant;
(c)
the
    portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant
    or its securities provided by or on behalf of an undersigned registrant; and
(d)
any
    other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.
Insofar
as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of
the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities
and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred
or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is
asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless
in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the
question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final
adjudication of such issue.
II-
8
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Princeton, Mercer County, State of New Jersey, on May 12,
2022.
Advaxis,
    Inc.
By:
/s/
    Kenneth Berlin
Name:
Kenneth Berlin
Title:
President
and Chief Executive Officer
Power
of Attorney
We,
the undersigned officers and directors of Advaxis, Inc., hereby severally constitute and appoint Kenneth Berlin, true and lawful attorney-in-fact
and agent, acting alone, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead,
in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments (including post-effective amendments, exhibits thereto and other documents in
connection therewith) to this registration statement on Form S-1 and all documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every
act and thing requisite and necessary to be done to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and all requirements
of the Securities and Exchange Commission, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying
and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or their, his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully
do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed below by the following persons
in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
SIGNATURE
TITLE
DATE
/s/ Kenneth Berlin
President and Chief Executive Officer
Kenneth
    Berlin
(Principal
    Executive Officer)
May
    12,
2022
/s/ Igor Gitelman
Interim Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting
    Officer, VP of Finance
Igor Gitelman
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
May
    12,
2022
/s/
    David Sidransky
David
    Sidransky
Chairman
    of the Board
May
    12,
2022
/s/
    James P. Patton
James
    P. Patton
Vice
    Chairman of the Board
May
12,
2022
/s/
    Roni A. Appel
Roni
    A. Appel
Director
May
    12,
2022
/s/
    Richard J. Berman
Richard
    J. Berman
Director
May
    12,
2022
/s/
    Samir N. Khleif
Samir
    N. Khleif
Director
May
    12,
2022
II-
9