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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">REGISTRATION STATEMENT</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">RITCHIE BROS. AUCTIONEERS INCORPORATED</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Canada</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)</font></div>
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<td valign="top" width="4%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Not Applicable</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">9500 Glenlyon Parkway</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Burnaby, British Columbia</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Canada&#160;&#160;V5J 0C6</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">(778) 331-5500</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">(Address of Principal Executive Offices)</font></div>
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<td colspan="3" valign="top" width="92%">
<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">(Full title of the plan)</font></div>

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<td valign="top" width="1%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers (America) Inc.</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">15500 Eastex Frwy</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Humble, Texas 77396</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Telephone: (713) 445-5200</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Christopher L. Doerksen</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Dorsey &amp; Whitney LLP</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">701 Fifth Avenue, Suite 6100</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Seattle, WA 98104</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">(206) 903-8800</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of &#8220;large accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;accelerated filer&#8221; and &#8220;smaller reporting company&#8221; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</font></div>

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<td width="50%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman">Large accelerated filer <font style="FONT-FAMILY: wingdings; DISPLAY: inline">&#254;</font></font></td>
<td width="50%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman">Accelerated filer <font style="FONT-FAMILY: wingdings; DISPLAY: inline">o</font></font></td>
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<td width="50%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman">&#160;</font></td>
<td width="50%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman">&#160;</font></td>
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<td width="50%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman">Non-accelerated filer <font style="FONT-FAMILY: wingdings; DISPLAY: inline">o</font><br>
&#160;(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</font></td>
<td valign="top" width="50%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman">Smaller reporting company <font style="FONT-FAMILY: wingdings; DISPLAY: inline">o</font></font></td>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE</font></div>

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<td align="left" valign="bottom" width="46%" style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid">
<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Title of Each Class of</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Securities to be Registered</font></div>
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<td colspan="2" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: black 2px solid">
<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Amount to</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">be Registered<font style="FONT-SIZE: 70%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: text-top; DISPLAY: inline">(1)</font></font></div>
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<td nowrap valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; BORDER-LEFT: black 2px solid"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td colspan="2" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid">
<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Proposed Maximum <br>
Offering Price <br>
Per Share<font style="FONT-SIZE: 70%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: text-top; DISPLAY: inline">(2)</font></font></div>
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<td nowrap valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; BORDER-LEFT: black 2px solid"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td colspan="2" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid">
<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Proposed Maximum <br>
Aggregate Offering Price</font></div>
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<td nowrap valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; BORDER-LEFT: black 2px solid"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td colspan="2" valign="bottom" width="10%" style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid">
<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Amount of <br>
Registration Fee</font></div>
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<td nowrap valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
</tr><tr>
<td align="left" valign="bottom" width="46%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid">
<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">Common shares, no par value<font style="FONT-SIZE: 70%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: text-top; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">(3)</font></font></div>
</td>
<td valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: left; BORDER-LEFT: black 2px solid"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="11%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: right"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">3,500,000</font></td>
<td nowrap valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; BORDER-LEFT: black 2px solid"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">$</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="11%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: right"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">28.47</font></td>
<td nowrap valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; BORDER-LEFT: black 2px solid"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">$</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="11%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: right"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">99,645,000</font></td>
<td nowrap valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; BORDER-LEFT: black 2px solid"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">$</font></td>
<td valign="bottom" width="9%" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: right"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">10,035</font></td>
<td nowrap valign="bottom" width="1%" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;</font></td>
</tr></table>
</div>

<div style="DISPLAY: block; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt">&#160;</div>

<div style="DISPLAY: block; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt">
<div>
<table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="hangingindent" width="100%" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman">
<tr valign="top">
<td style="WIDTH: 27pt">
<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(1)</font></div>
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<td>
<div align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">Pursuant to Rule 416(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement also covers any additional securities that may be offered or issued to prevent dilution resulting from stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions in accordance with the provisions of the plan.</font></div>
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<div align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(h)(1) and 457(c).&#160;&#160;The proposed maximum aggregate offering price is based upon the average of the high and low prices of the common shares reported on the New York Stock Exchange on August 11, 2016.</font></div>
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<div align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">Represents common shares, without par value, that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of stock options granted under the plan.</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">PART II.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Item 3.&#160;&#160;Incorporation of Documents by Reference.</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">The following documents filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the&#160;&#8220;Commission&#8221;)&#160;&#160;are hereby incorporated in this registration statement by reference:</font></div>

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<div><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(a)&#160;&#160;</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify">
<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">The Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, filed with the Commission on February&#160;25, 2016;</font></font></div>
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<div><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(b)&#160;&#160;</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">All other reports filed by the Company under Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;) since December 31, 2015; and</font></div>
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<div><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(c)&#160;&#160;</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">The description of the Company&#8217;s common shares contained in the Company&#8217;s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Commission on September&#160;26, 1997, including any amendments or reports filed for the purposes of updating such description.</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">All documents filed by the Company pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date hereof and prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment that indicate that all securities offered have been sold or which deregisters all securities then remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference herein and to be a part hereof from the date of filing of such documents. Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for the purposes of this registration statement to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this registration statement.</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">Not Applicable.</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">None.</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">Item 6.&#160;&#160;Indemnification of Directors and Officers.</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-STYLE: italic; DISPLAY: inline">Canada Business Corporations Act</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">The Company is a Canadian corporation governed by the <font style="FONT-STYLE: italic; DISPLAY: inline">Canada Business Corporations Act</font>, as amended (the &#8220;CBCA&#8221;). Section&#160;124 of the CBCA provides as follows:</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(1) <font style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline; DISPLAY: inline">Indemnification</font>. A corporation may indemnify a director or officer of the corporation, a former director or officer of the corporation or another individual who acts or acted at the corporation&#8217;s request as a director or officer, or an individual acting in a similar capacity, of another entity, against all costs, charges and expenses, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment, reasonably incurred by the individual in respect of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding in which the individual is involved because of that association with the corporation or other entity.</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(2) <font style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline; DISPLAY: inline">Advance of costs</font>. A corporation may advance moneys to a director, officer or other individual for the costs, charges and expenses of a proceeding referred to in subsection (1). The individual shall repay the moneys if the individual does not fulfill the conditions of subsection (3).</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(3) <font style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline; DISPLAY: inline">Limitation</font>. A corporation may not indemnify an individual under subsection (1)&#160;unless the individual</font></div>

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<div align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the corporation, or, as the case may be, to the best interests of the other entity for which the individual acted as director or officer or in a similar capacity at the corporation&#8217;s request; and</font></div>
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<div align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">in the case of a criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary penalty, the individual had reasonable grounds for believing that the individual&#8217;s conduct was lawful.</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(4) <font style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline; DISPLAY: inline">Indemnification in derivative actions</font>. A corporation may with the approval of a court, indemnify an individual referred to in subsection (1), or advance moneys under subsection (2), in respect of an action by or on behalf of the corporation or other entity to procure a judgment in its favour, to which the individual is made a party because of the individual&#8217;s association with the corporation or other entity as described in subsection (1)&#160;against all costs, charges and expenses reasonably incurred by the individual in connection with such action, if the individual fulfils the conditions set out in subsection (3).</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(5) <font style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline; DISPLAY: inline">Right to Indemnity</font>. Despite subsection (1), an individual referred to in that subsection is entitled to indemnity from the corporation in respect of all costs, charges and expenses reasonably incurred by the individual in connection with the defence of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding to which the individual is subject because of the individual&#8217;s association with the corporation or other entity as described in subsection (1), if the individual seeking indemnity</font></div>

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<div align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">was not judged by the court or other competent authority to have committed any fault or omitted to do anything that the individual ought to have done; and</font></div>
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<div align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">fulfils the conditions set out in subsection (3).</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(6) <font style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline; DISPLAY: inline">Insurance</font>. A corporation may purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of an individual referred to in subsection (1)&#160;against any liability incurred by the individual</font></div>

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<div align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">in the individual&#8217;s capacity as a director or officer of the corporation; or</font></div>
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<div align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">in the individual&#8217;s capacity as a director or officer, or similar capacity, of another entity, if the individual acts or acted in that capacity at the corporation&#8217;s request.</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(7) <font style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline; DISPLAY: inline">Application to court</font>. A corporation, an individual or an entity referred to in subsection (1)&#160;may apply to a court for an order approving an indemnity under this section and the court may so order and make any further order that it sees fit.</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(8) <font style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline; DISPLAY: inline">Notice to Director</font>. An applicant under subsection (7)&#160;shall give the Director notice of the application and the Director is entitled to appear and be heard in person or by counsel.</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">(9) <font style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline; DISPLAY: inline">Other notice</font>. On an application under subsection (7)&#160;the court may order notice to be given to any interested person and the person is entitled to appear and be heard in person or by counsel.</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">Sections 6 and 7 of By-Law No.&#160;1 of the Company provide as follows:</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">6. <font style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline; DISPLAY: inline">Indemnification of Directors and Officers</font>. The Company shall indemnify a director or officer of the Company, a former director or officer of the Company or a person who acts or acted at the Company&#8217;s request as a director or officer of a body corporate of which the Company is or was a shareholder or creditor, and his heirs and legal representatives to the extent permitted by the <font style="FONT-STYLE: italic; DISPLAY: inline">Canada Business Corporations Act</font>.</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">7. <font style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline; DISPLAY: inline">Indemnity of Others</font>. Except as otherwise required by the <font style="FONT-STYLE: italic; DISPLAY: inline">Canada Business Corporations Act</font> and subject to paragraph 6, the Company may from time to time indemnify and save harmless any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Company) by reason of the fact that he is or was an employee or agent of the Company, or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, agent of or participant in another body corporate, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including legal fees), judgments, fines and any amount actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if he acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Company and, with respect to any criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary penalty, had reasonable grounds for believing that his conduct was lawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement or conviction shall not, of itself, create a </font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">The Company carries liability insurance which provides for coverage for officers and directors of the Company and its subsidiaries, subject to a deductible for executive indemnification.</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-STYLE: italic; DISPLAY: inline">Indemnification Agreements</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">In addition, the Company has entered into separate indemnification agreements with each of its executive officers and directors, which agreements provide for indemnification of the director or officer, to the fullest extent permitted by law, against certain expenses, judgments, fines and amounts incurred by each such officer or director in connection with certain threatened, pending or completed actions, suits or proceedings.&#160;&#160;The indemnification agreements also provide that, upon a good faith determination by the Company&#8217;s board of directors, the Company will advance funds to the indemnified person for any costs, charges, expenses retainers or legal fees incurred of paid by the indemnified person in connection with certain claims.&#160;&#160;The indemnified person may be required to repay such advances in certain situations if a court determines that the indemnified person was not entitled to be indemnified or if the indemnified person was reimbursed by an insurer or other third party in respect of the same subject matter.</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-STYLE: italic; DISPLAY: inline">Securities Act of 1933</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the&#160;&#8220;Securities Act&#8221;) may be permitted to directors, officers and persons controlling the Company pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the Company has been informed that in the opinion of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">to include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement.&#160;&#160;</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160;Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the &#8220;Calculation of Registration Fee&#8221; table in the effective registration statement;</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline"><font style="FONT-STYLE: italic; DISPLAY: inline">provided</font>, <font style="FONT-STYLE: italic; DISPLAY: inline">however</font>, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-8 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in this registration statement;</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; and</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify">&#160;</div>

<div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrant&#8217;s annual report pursuant to Section&#160;13(a) or Section&#160;15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan&#8217;s annual report pursuant to section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify">&#160;</div>

<div>
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<td>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify">&#160;</div>

<div id="PGBRK" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt">
<div id="FTR">
<div id="GLFTR" style="WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">5</font></div>
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<div style="WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></div>

<div style="WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: center">
<hr style="COLOR: black" noshade size="2">
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<div id="HDR">
<div id="GLHDR" style="WIDTH: 100%" align="right"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></div>

<br>
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</div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; DISPLAY: inline">SIGNATURES</font></div>

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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; DISPLAY: inline"><font id="TAB1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt"></font><font style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline; DISPLAY: inline">The Company</font>.&#160;&#160;Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Company certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Burnaby, Province of British Columbia, Canada, on this 12th day of August, 2016.</font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="justify">&#160;</div>

<div align="center">
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<td width="50%" style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman">&#160;</font></td>
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<td width="50%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman">&#160;</font></td>
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<td width="50%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman">&#160;</font></td>
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<div>&#160;</div>

<div style="DISPLAY: block; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt">&#160;</div>

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<div style="DISPLAY: block; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><br>
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<div style="DISPLAY: block; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><br>
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<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="2%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
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<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="2%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="16%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">Ravi K. Saligram</font></div>
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<td valign="top" width="2%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">Chief Executive Officer, Director and Authorized Representative in the United States <br>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">August 12, 2016</font></div>
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<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="2%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="16%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
</tr><tr>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="2%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="16%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">Sharon R. Driscoll</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">Chief Financial Officer <br>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">August 12, 2016</font></div>
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<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="2%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="16%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
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<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="2%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="16%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline"><font style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline; DISPLAY: inline">/s/ Beverley A. Briscoe</font><font id="TAB2" style="COLOR: black; LETTER-SPACING: 3pt">&#160;</font></font></div>

<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">Beverley A. Briscoe</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">Chair of the Board</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">August 12, 2016</font></div>
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</tr><tr>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="2%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="16%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
</tr><tr>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="2%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="16%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">Robert G. Elton</font></div>
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<td valign="top" width="2%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">Director</font></div>
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<td valign="top" width="16%">
<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">August 12, 2016</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="2%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="16%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
</tr><tr>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="2%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="31%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td valign="top" width="16%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">Erik Olsson</font></div>
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<td valign="top" width="2%"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">&#160; </font></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="31%">
<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="left"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">Director</font></div>
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<div style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt" align="center"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: times new roman; DISPLAY: inline">August 12, 2016</font></div>
</td>
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{"company-data": {"conformed-name": "RITCHIE BROS AUCTIONEERS INC", "cik": "0001046102", "assigned-sic": "7389", "irs-number": "000000000", "state-of-incorporation": "A6", "fiscal-year-end": "1231"}, "filing-values": {"form-type": "S-8", "act": "33", "file-number": "333-213114", "film-number": "161829014"}, "business-address": {"street1": "9500 GLENLYON PARKWAY", "city": "BURNABY", "state": "A1", "zip": "V5J 0C6", "phone": "7783315500"}, "mail-address": {"street1": "9500 GLENLYON PARKWAY", "city": "BURNABY", "state": "A1", "zip": "V5J 0C6"}}
ritchiebros_s8.htm
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM S-8
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
RITCHIE BROS. AUCTIONEERS INCORPORATED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Canada
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
Not Applicable
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
9500 Glenlyon Parkway
Burnaby, British Columbia
Canada  V5J 0C6
(778) 331-5500
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated
Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan
(Full title of the plan)
Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers (America) Inc.
15500 Eastex Frwy
Humble, Texas 77396
Telephone: (713) 445-5200
(Name, address and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
With a copy to
Christopher L. Doerksen
Dorsey & Whitney LLP
701 Fifth Avenue, Suite 6100
Seattle, WA 98104
(206) 903-8800
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
þ
Accelerated filer
o
Non-accelerated filer
o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company
o
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of Each Class of
Securities to be Registered
Amount to
be Registered
(1)
Proposed Maximum
Offering Price
Per Share
(2)
Proposed Maximum
Aggregate Offering Price
Amount of
Registration Fee
Common shares, no par value
(3)
3,500,000
$
28.47
$
99,645,000
$
10,035
(1)
Pursuant to Rule 416(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement also covers any additional securities that may be offered or issued to prevent dilution resulting from stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions in accordance with the provisions of the plan.
(2)
Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(h)(1) and 457(c).  The proposed maximum aggregate offering price is based upon the average of the high and low prices of the common shares reported on the New York Stock Exchange on August 11, 2016.
(3)
Represents common shares, without par value, that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of stock options granted under the plan.
PART II.                      INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT
Item 3.  Incorporation of Documents by Reference.
The following documents filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission")  are hereby incorporated in this registration statement by reference:
(a)
The Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, filed with the Commission on February 25, 2016;
(b)
All other reports filed by the Company under Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") since December 31, 2015; and
(c)
The description of the Company's common shares contained in the Company's Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Commission on September 26, 1997, including any amendments or reports filed for the purposes of updating such description.
All documents filed by the Company pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date hereof and prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment that indicate that all securities offered have been sold or which deregisters all securities then remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference herein and to be a part hereof from the date of filing of such documents. Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for the purposes of this registration statement to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this registration statement.
Item 4.  Description of Securities.
Not Applicable.
Item 5.  Interests of Named Experts and Counsel.
None.
Item 6.  Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Canada Business Corporations Act
The Company is a Canadian corporation governed by the
Canada Business Corporations Act
, as amended (the "CBCA"). Section 124 of the CBCA provides as follows:
(1)
Indemnification
. A corporation may indemnify a director or officer of the corporation, a former director or officer of the corporation or another individual who acts or acted at the corporation's request as a director or officer, or an individual acting in a similar capacity, of another entity, against all costs, charges and expenses, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment, reasonably incurred by the individual in respect of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding in which the individual is involved because of that association with the corporation or other entity.
(2)
Advance of costs
. A corporation may advance moneys to a director, officer or other individual for the costs, charges and expenses of a proceeding referred to in subsection (1). The individual shall repay the moneys if the individual does not fulfill the conditions of subsection (3).
(3)
Limitation
. A corporation may not indemnify an individual under subsection (1) unless the individual
(a)
acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the corporation, or, as the case may be, to the best interests of the other entity for which the individual acted as director or officer or in a similar capacity at the corporation's request; and
2
(b)
in the case of a criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary penalty, the individual had reasonable grounds for believing that the individual's conduct was lawful.
(4)
Indemnification in derivative actions
. A corporation may with the approval of a court, indemnify an individual referred to in subsection (1), or advance moneys under subsection (2), in respect of an action by or on behalf of the corporation or other entity to procure a judgment in its favour, to which the individual is made a party because of the individual's association with the corporation or other entity as described in subsection (1) against all costs, charges and expenses reasonably incurred by the individual in connection with such action, if the individual fulfils the conditions set out in subsection (3).
(5)
Right to Indemnity
. Despite subsection (1), an individual referred to in that subsection is entitled to indemnity from the corporation in respect of all costs, charges and expenses reasonably incurred by the individual in connection with the defence of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding to which the individual is subject because of the individual's association with the corporation or other entity as described in subsection (1), if the individual seeking indemnity
(a)
was not judged by the court or other competent authority to have committed any fault or omitted to do anything that the individual ought to have done; and
(b)
fulfils the conditions set out in subsection (3).
(6)
Insurance
. A corporation may purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of an individual referred to in subsection (1) against any liability incurred by the individual
(a)
in the individual's capacity as a director or officer of the corporation; or
(b)
in the individual's capacity as a director or officer, or similar capacity, of another entity, if the individual acts or acted in that capacity at the corporation's request.
(7)
Application to court
. A corporation, an individual or an entity referred to in subsection (1) may apply to a court for an order approving an indemnity under this section and the court may so order and make any further order that it sees fit.
(8)
Notice to Director
. An applicant under subsection (7) shall give the Director notice of the application and the Director is entitled to appear and be heard in person or by counsel.
(9)
Other notice
. On an application under subsection (7) the court may order notice to be given to any interested person and the person is entitled to appear and be heard in person or by counsel.
By-laws of the Company
Sections 6 and 7 of By-Law No. 1 of the Company provide as follows:
6.
Indemnification of Directors and Officers
. The Company shall indemnify a director or officer of the Company, a former director or officer of the Company or a person who acts or acted at the Company's request as a director or officer of a body corporate of which the Company is or was a shareholder or creditor, and his heirs and legal representatives to the extent permitted by the
Canada Business Corporations Act
.
7.
Indemnity of Others
. Except as otherwise required by the
Canada Business Corporations Act
and subject to paragraph 6, the Company may from time to time indemnify and save harmless any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Company) by reason of the fact that he is or was an employee or agent of the Company, or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, agent of or participant in another body corporate, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including legal fees), judgments, fines and any amount actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if he acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Company and, with respect to any criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary penalty, had reasonable grounds for believing that his conduct was lawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement or conviction shall not, of itself, create a
3
presumption that the person did not act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Company and, with respect to any criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary penalty, had no reasonable grounds for believing that his conduct was lawful.
Insurance
The Company carries liability insurance which provides for coverage for officers and directors of the Company and its subsidiaries, subject to a deductible for executive indemnification.
Indemnification Agreements
In addition, the Company has entered into separate indemnification agreements with each of its executive officers and directors, which agreements provide for indemnification of the director or officer, to the fullest extent permitted by law, against certain expenses, judgments, fines and amounts incurred by each such officer or director in connection with certain threatened, pending or completed actions, suits or proceedings.  The indemnification agreements also provide that, upon a good faith determination by the Company's board of directors, the Company will advance funds to the indemnified person for any costs, charges, expenses retainers or legal fees incurred of paid by the indemnified person in connection with certain claims.  The indemnified person may be required to repay such advances in certain situations if a court determines that the indemnified person was not entitled to be indemnified or if the indemnified person was reimbursed by an insurer or other third party in respect of the same subject matter.
Securities Act of 1933
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") may be permitted to directors, officers and persons controlling the Company pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the Company has been informed that in the opinion of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
Item 7.  Exemption from Registration Claimed.
Not Applicable.
Item 8.  Exhibits.
Exhibit Number
Exhibit
4.1
Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 8, 2016)
5.1
Opinion of McCarthy Tétrault LLP
23.1
Consent of McCarthy Tétrault LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
23.2
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP
24.1
Powers of Attorney (included in signature page)
Item 9.  Undertakings.
(a)
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1)
to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
(i)
to include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;
(ii)
to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement.
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of Registration Fee" table in the effective registration statement;
(iii)
to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;
provided
,
however
, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-8 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in this registration statement;
(2)
that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; and
(3)
to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
(b)
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's annual report pursuant to section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(h)
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.  In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
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SIGNATURES
The Company
.  Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Company certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Burnaby, Province of British Columbia, Canada, on this 12th day of August, 2016.
RITCHIE BROS. AUCTIONEERS INCORPORATED
By:
/s/
Sharon R. Driscoll
Name:
Sharon R. Driscoll
Title:
Chief Financial Officer
POWERS OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS,
that each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Ravi K. Saligram and Sharon R. Driscoll, or either of them, as the undersigned's true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution for such person and in such person's name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments), exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith to this registration statement and any related registration statements necessary to register additional securities and to file the same with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith with the Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all intents and purposes as such person might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorney-in-fact and agent, or their substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature
Title
Date
/s/ Ravi K. Saligram
Ravi K. Saligram
Chief Executive Officer, Director and Authorized Representative in the United States
(Principal Executive Officer)
August 12, 2016
/s/ Sharon R. Driscoll
Sharon R. Driscoll
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
August 12, 2016
/s/ Beverley A. Briscoe
Beverley A. Briscoe
Chair of the Board
August 12, 2016
/s/ Robert G. Elton
Robert G. Elton
Director
August 12, 2016
/s/ Erik Olsson
Erik Olsson
Director
August 12, 2016
/s/ Eric Patel
Eric Patel
Director
August 12, 2016
/s/ Edward B. Pitoniak
Edward B. Pitoniak
Director
August 12, 2016
/s/ Sarah Raiss
Sarah Raiss
Director
August 12, 2016
/s/ Christopher Zimmerman
Christopher Zimmerman
Director
August 12, 2016
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Number
Exhibit
4.1
Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 8, 2016)
5.1
Opinion of McCarthy Tétrault LLP
23.1
Consent of McCarthy Tétrault LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
23.2
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP
24.1
Powers of Attorney (included in signature page)
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