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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 7, 2015</font></b></p>
<p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Registration No.&nbsp;333-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></b></p>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="5" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:18.0pt;font-weight:bold;">UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</font></b></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</font></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="5" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:18.0pt;font-weight:bold;">FORM&nbsp;S-8</font></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="3" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold;">REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER<br> THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933</font></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="5" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:18.0pt;font-weight:bold;">IRONWOOD PHARMACEUTICALS,&nbsp;INC.</font></b></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Delaware</font></b></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">04-3404176</font></b></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">301 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142</font></b></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Amended and Restated 2010 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan</font></b></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(Full Title of the Plan)</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Halley E. Gilbert<br> Senior Vice President, Chief Legal Officer, and Secretary<br> 301 Binney Street<br> Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142</font></b></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(Name and Address of Agent for Service)</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">(617)&nbsp;621-7722</font></b></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(Telephone Number,&nbsp;Including Area Code, of Agent for Service)</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Please send copies of all communications to:</font></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Paul M. Kinsella<br>  </font></b>Ropes&nbsp;&amp; Gray LLP</p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Prudential Tower</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">800 Boylston Street</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Boston, Massachusetts 02199-3600</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(617)&nbsp;951-7000</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of &#147;large accelerated filer,&#148; &#147;accelerated filer&#148; and &#147;smaller reporting company&#148; in Rule&nbsp;12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
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<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 20.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Large accelerated filer </font><font face="Wingdings">x</font></p>    </td>
<td width="16%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:16.08%;">
<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Accelerated filer </font><font face="Wingdings">&#168;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="35%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:35.98%;">
<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Non-accelerated filer </font><font face="Wingdings">&#168;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="24%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:24.44%;">
<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Smaller reporting company </font><font face="Wingdings">&#168;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="16%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:16.08%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="35%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:35.98%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)</font></p>    </td>
<td width="24%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:24.44%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>  </table>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE</font></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-top:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.5%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="10%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-top:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:10.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Proposed&nbsp;Maximum</font></b></p>    </td>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Proposed</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-top:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.5%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Amount&nbsp;of</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="1%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-top:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="41%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:41.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Title&nbsp;of&nbsp;Securities&nbsp;to&nbsp;be</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.5%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="10%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:10.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Amount&nbsp;to&nbsp;be</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.5%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="13%" colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:13.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Offering&nbsp;Price&nbsp;Per</font></b></p>    </td>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="15%" colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:15.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Maximum&nbsp;Aggregate</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.5%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="10%" colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:10.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Registration</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="1%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="41%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:41.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Registered</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.5%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Registered&nbsp;(1)</font></b></p>    </td>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="13%" colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:13.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Share&nbsp;(2)</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.5%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="15%" colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:15.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Offering&nbsp;Price&nbsp;(2)</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.5%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="10%" colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:10.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Fee</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="1%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="41%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:41.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.1pt;text-indent:-10.1pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Class&nbsp;A   Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.5%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="10%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:10.0%;">
<p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">5,632,917</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.5%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="1%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.12%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">$</font></p>    </td>
<td width="11%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:11.88%;">
<p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">10.43</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.5%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="1%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.12%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">$</font></p>    </td>
<td width="13%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:13.88%;">
<p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">58,723,159.73</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.5%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="1%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.12%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">$</font></p>    </td>
<td width="8%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:8.86%;">
<p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">6,823.63</font></p>    </td>
<td width="1%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr height="0">
<td width="290" style="border:none;"></td>
<td width="17" style="border:none;"></td>
<td width="70" style="border:none;"></td>
<td width="17" style="border:none;"></td>
<td width="8" style="border:none;"></td>
<td width="89" style="border:none;"></td>
<td width="17" style="border:none;"></td>
<td width="8" style="border:none;"></td>
<td width="98" style="border:none;"></td>
<td width="17" style="border:none;"></td>
<td width="7" style="border:none;"></td>
<td width="62" style="border:none;"></td>
<td width="7" style="border:none;"></td>   </tr> </table>
<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .25in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(1)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>This Registration Statement covers an aggregate of 5,632,917 shares of the Registrant&#146;s Class&nbsp;A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the &#147;Common Stock&#148;), that may be issued pursuant to awards granted under the equity plan identified above (the &#147;Plan&#148;). In addition, pursuant to Rule&nbsp;416(a)&nbsp;under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &#147;Securities Act of 1933&#148;), this Registration Statement also covers such additional shares of Common Stock as may be issued pursuant to the provisions of the Plan to which this Registration Statement relates.</p>
<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .25in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(2)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>Pursuant to Rules&nbsp;457(c)&nbsp;and 457(h)(1)&nbsp;under the Securities Act of 1933, the proposed maximum offering price per share and the maximum aggregate offering price for the shares have been calculated solely for the purpose of computing the registration fee on the basis of the average high and low prices of the Common Stock as reported by the Nasdaq Global Select Market on August 3, 2015 to be $10.59 and $10.26, respectively.</p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<div style="border-bottom:solid windowtext 3.0pt;border-left:none;border-right:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<p style="border:none;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;padding:0in;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
</div>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade align="left" style="color:#010101;"></div>
</div>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">EXPLANATORY NOTE</font></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:24.75pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The Registrant increased the number of shares of its Common Stock available for issuance under its Amended and Restated 2010 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan by 5,632,917 shares. Pursuant to Instruction E to Form&nbsp;S-8, the Registrant incorporates by reference, except to the extent supplemented, amended or superseded by the information set forth herein, into this Registration Statement the entire contents of its Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;S-8 (File No.&nbsp;333-165231) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#147;Commission&#148;) on March&nbsp;5, 2010.</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Item 8.</font></b>&#160;&#160; <b>Exhibits.</b></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Exhibit</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Description</font></b></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4.1</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Amended and Restated   2010 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed as   Exhibit&nbsp;4.1 to Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;S-8 filed with the   Commission on October&nbsp;12, 2012.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4.2</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Form&nbsp;of Stock   Option Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2010 Employee, Director and   Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed as Exhibit&nbsp;10.3.1 to Annual   Report on Form&nbsp;10-K filed with the Commission on February&nbsp;18, 2015.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4.3</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Form&nbsp;of   Non-employee Director Restricted Stock Agreement under the Amended and   Restated 2010 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed   as Exhibit&nbsp;10.3.2 to Annual Report on Form&nbsp;10-K filed with the   Commission on February&nbsp;18, 2015.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4.4</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Form&nbsp;of Restricted   Stock Unit Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2010 Employee, Director   and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed as Exhibit&nbsp;10.3.3 to Annual   Report on Form&nbsp;10-K filed with the Commission on February&nbsp;18, 2015.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">5.1</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Opinion of   Ropes&nbsp;&amp; Gray LLP. Filed herewith.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">23.1</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Consent of   Ropes&nbsp;&amp; Gray LLP (included in Opinion filed as Exhibit&nbsp;5.1).</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">23.2</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Consent of Independent   Registered Public Accounting Firm. Filed herewith.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">24</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Power of Attorney   (included on the signature page&nbsp;of this registration statement). Filed   herewith.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>  </table>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;">2<a name="PB_2_211304_8278"></a></p>
<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade align="left" style="color:#010101;"></div>
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<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">SIGNATURES</font></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:24.75pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form&nbsp;S-8, and has duly caused this registration statement on Form&nbsp;S-8 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Cambridge, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on August 7, 2015.</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">IRONWOOD   PHARMACEUTICALS,&nbsp;INC.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="4%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:4.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">By:</font></p>    </td>
<td width="46%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:46.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/   Peter M. Hecht</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="4%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:4.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="46%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:46.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Peter   M. Hecht</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="4%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:4.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="46%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:46.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Chief   Executive Officer</font></p>    </td>   </tr>  </table>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">POWER OF ATTORNEY</font></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Peter M. Hecht, Thomas Graney and Halley E. Gilbert, and each of them singly, his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement on Form&nbsp;S-8 of Ironwood Pharmaceuticals,&nbsp;Inc., and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents full power and authority to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or their substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement on Form&nbsp;S-8 has been signed by the following persons in the capacities identified and on August 7, 2015:</font></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Signature</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Title</font></b></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="49%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/ Peter M. Hecht</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Chief Executive Officer   and Director</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Peter M. Hecht</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">(Principal   Executive Officer)</font></i></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="49%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/ Thomas Graney</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Chief Financial Officer</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Thomas Graney</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">(Principal   Financial Officer)</font></i></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="49%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/ Gina Consylman</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Corporate Controller   and Chief Accounting Officer</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Gina Consylman</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">(Principal   Accounting Officer)</font></i></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/ Terrance G. McGuire</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Chairman of the Board</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Terrance G. McGuire</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/ George H. Conrades</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">George H. Conrades</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/ Marsha H. Fanucci</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Marsha H. Fanucci</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/ Julie H. McHugh</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Julie H. McHugh</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/ Lawrence S. Olanoff</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Lawrence S. Olanoff</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/ Edward P. Owens</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Edward P. Owens</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/ Bryan E. Roberts</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Bryan E. Roberts</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/ Christopher T.   Walsh</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Christopher T. Walsh</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/ Douglas E. Williams</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.02%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Douglas E. Williams</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.04%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>  </table>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;">3<a name="PB_3_211756_4048"></a></p>
<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade align="left" style="color:#010101;"></div>
</div>
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<br clear="all" style="page-break-before:always;">
<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">EXHIBIT&nbsp;INDEX</font></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse:collapse;">
<tr>
<td width="6%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Exhibit</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Description</font></b></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4.1</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Amended and Restated   2010 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed as   Exhibit&nbsp;4.1 to Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;S-8 filed with the   Commission on October&nbsp;12, 2012.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4.2</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Form&nbsp;of Stock   Option Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2010 Employee, Director and   Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed as Exhibit&nbsp;10.3.1 to Annual   Report on Form&nbsp;10-K filed with the Commission on February&nbsp;18, 2015.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4.3</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Form&nbsp;of   Non-employee Director Restricted Stock Agreement under the Amended and   Restated 2010 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed   as Exhibit&nbsp;10.3.2 to Annual Report on Form&nbsp;10-K filed with the   Commission on February&nbsp;18, 2015.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4.4</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Form&nbsp;of Restricted   Stock Unit Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2010 Employee, Director   and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed as Exhibit&nbsp;10.3.3 to Annual   Report on Form&nbsp;10-K filed with the Commission on February&nbsp;18, 2015.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">5.1</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Opinion of   Ropes&nbsp;&amp; Gray LLP. Filed herewith.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">23.1</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Consent of   Ropes&nbsp;&amp; Gray LLP (included in Opinion filed as Exhibit&nbsp;5.1).</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
<tr>
<td width="6%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:6.0%;">
<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
<td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.0%;">
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">23.2</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Consent of Independent   Registered Public Accounting Firm. Filed herewith.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>    </td>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">24</font></p>    </td>
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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Power of Attorney   (included on the signature page&nbsp;of this registration statement). Filed   herewith.</font></p>    </td>   </tr>  </table>
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<p align="center" style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;">4<a name="PB_4_211918_2882"></a></p>
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{"company-data": {"conformed-name": "IRONWOOD PHARMACEUTICALS INC", "cik": "0001446847", "assigned-sic": "2834", "irs-number": "043404176", "state-of-incorporation": "DE"}, "filing-values": {"form-type": "S-8", "act": "33", "file-number": "333-206227", "film-number": "151037741"}, "business-address": {"street1": "301 BINNEY STREET", "city": "CAMBRIDGE", "state": "MA", "zip": "02142", "phone": "617-621-7722"}, "mail-address": {"street1": "301 BINNEY STREET", "city": "CAMBRIDGE", "state": "MA", "zip": "02142"}}
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 7, 2015
Registration No. 333-
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM S-8
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
IRONWOOD PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Delaware
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
04-3404176
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
301 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
Amended and Restated 2010 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan
(Full Title of the Plan)
Halley E. Gilbert
Senior Vice President, Chief Legal Officer, and Secretary
301 Binney Street
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
(617) 621-7722
(Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Agent for Service)
Please send copies of all communications to:
Paul M. Kinsella
Ropes & Gray LLP
Prudential Tower
800 Boylston Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02199-3600
(617) 951-7000
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer
x
Accelerated filer
¨
Non-accelerated filer
¨
Smaller reporting company
¨
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Proposed Maximum
Proposed
Amount of
Title of Securities to be
Amount to be
Offering Price Per
Maximum Aggregate
Registration
Registered
Registered (1)
Share (2)
Offering Price (2)
Fee
Class A   Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
5,632,917
$
10.43
$
58,723,159.73
$
6,823.63
(1)
This Registration Statement covers an aggregate of 5,632,917 shares of the Registrant's Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "Common Stock"), that may be issued pursuant to awards granted under the equity plan identified above (the "Plan"). In addition, pursuant to Rule 416(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act of 1933"), this Registration Statement also covers such additional shares of Common Stock as may be issued pursuant to the provisions of the Plan to which this Registration Statement relates.
(2)
Pursuant to Rules 457(c) and 457(h)(1) under the Securities Act of 1933, the proposed maximum offering price per share and the maximum aggregate offering price for the shares have been calculated solely for the purpose of computing the registration fee on the basis of the average high and low prices of the Common Stock as reported by the Nasdaq Global Select Market on August 3, 2015 to be $10.59 and $10.26, respectively.
EXPLANATORY NOTE
The Registrant increased the number of shares of its Common Stock available for issuance under its Amended and Restated 2010 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan by 5,632,917 shares. Pursuant to Instruction E to Form S-8, the Registrant incorporates by reference, except to the extent supplemented, amended or superseded by the information set forth herein, into this Registration Statement the entire contents of its Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-165231) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") on March 5, 2010.
Item 8.
Exhibits.
Exhibit
Description
4.1
Amended and Restated   2010 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed as   Exhibit 4.1 to Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed with the   Commission on October 12, 2012.
4.2
Form of Stock   Option Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2010 Employee, Director and   Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed as Exhibit 10.3.1 to Annual   Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on February 18, 2015.
4.3
Form of   Non-employee Director Restricted Stock Agreement under the Amended and   Restated 2010 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed   as Exhibit 10.3.2 to Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the   Commission on February 18, 2015.
4.4
Form of Restricted   Stock Unit Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2010 Employee, Director   and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed as Exhibit 10.3.3 to Annual   Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on February 18, 2015.
5.1
Opinion of   Ropes & Gray LLP. Filed herewith.
23.1
Consent of   Ropes & Gray LLP (included in Opinion filed as Exhibit 5.1).
23.2
Consent of Independent   Registered Public Accounting Firm. Filed herewith.
24
Power of Attorney   (included on the signature page of this registration statement). Filed   herewith.
2
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8, and has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-8 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Cambridge, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on August 7, 2015.
IRONWOOD   PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By:
/s/   Peter M. Hecht
Peter   M. Hecht
Chief   Executive Officer
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Peter M. Hecht, Thomas Graney and Halley E. Gilbert, and each of them singly, his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement on Form S-8 of Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents full power and authority to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or their substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement on Form S-8 has been signed by the following persons in the capacities identified and on August 7, 2015:
Signature
Title
/s/ Peter M. Hecht
Chief Executive Officer   and Director
Peter M. Hecht
(Principal   Executive Officer)
/s/ Thomas Graney
Chief Financial Officer
Thomas Graney
(Principal   Financial Officer)
/s/ Gina Consylman
Corporate Controller   and Chief Accounting Officer
Gina Consylman
(Principal   Accounting Officer)
/s/ Terrance G. McGuire
Chairman of the Board
Terrance G. McGuire
/s/ George H. Conrades
Director
George H. Conrades
/s/ Marsha H. Fanucci
Director
Marsha H. Fanucci
/s/ Julie H. McHugh
Director
Julie H. McHugh
/s/ Lawrence S. Olanoff
Director
Lawrence S. Olanoff
/s/ Edward P. Owens
Director
Edward P. Owens
/s/ Bryan E. Roberts
Director
Bryan E. Roberts
/s/ Christopher T.   Walsh
Director
Christopher T. Walsh
/s/ Douglas E. Williams
Director
Douglas E. Williams
3
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
Description
4.1
Amended and Restated   2010 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed as   Exhibit 4.1 to Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed with the   Commission on October 12, 2012.
4.2
Form of Stock   Option Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2010 Employee, Director and   Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed as Exhibit 10.3.1 to Annual   Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on February 18, 2015.
4.3
Form of   Non-employee Director Restricted Stock Agreement under the Amended and   Restated 2010 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed   as Exhibit 10.3.2 to Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the   Commission on February 18, 2015.
4.4
Form of Restricted   Stock Unit Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2010 Employee, Director   and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Filed as Exhibit 10.3.3 to Annual   Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on February 18, 2015.
5.1
Opinion of   Ropes & Gray LLP. Filed herewith.
23.1
Consent of   Ropes & Gray LLP (included in Opinion filed as Exhibit 5.1).
23.2
Consent of Independent   Registered Public Accounting Firm. Filed herewith.
24
Power of Attorney   (included on the signature page of this registration statement). Filed   herewith.
4