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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 1, 2017</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Registration No.&#160;333-<font style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><u>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</u></font></div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">FORM S-8</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">REGISTRATION STATEMENT</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: italic; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">UNDER</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: italic; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">ANTHERA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Delaware</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">20-1852016</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">(State or Other Jurisdiction of</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Incorporation or Organization)</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">(I.R.S. Employer</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Identification No.)</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">25801 Industrial Boulevard, Suite B</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Hayward, California 94545</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">(510) 856-5600</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">(Address of Principal Executive Offices)</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">2013 S</font>TOCK<font style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> O</font>PTION<font style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</font>AND<font style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> I</font>NCENTIVE<font style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> P</font>LAN</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">2010 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">(Full Title of the Plans)</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Craig Thompson</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Chief Executive Officer</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">25801 Industrial Boulevard, Suite B</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Hayward, California 94545</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Telephone: (510)&#160;856-5600</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Facsimile: (510)&#160;856-5597</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">(Name and Address of Agent For Service)</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: italic; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Copy to:</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Bradley A. Bugdanowitz, Esq.</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">G<font style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">OODWIN</font> P<font style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">ROCTER</font> LLP</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Three Embarcadero Center</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">San Francisco, California 94111</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Telephone: (415)&#160;733-6000</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Facsimile: (415)&#160;677-9041</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer,&#160; a smaller reporting company or emerging growth company. See the definitions of &#8220;large accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;accelerated filer&#8221;,&#8220;smaller reporting company&#8221; and &#8220;emerging growth company&#8221; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Large&#160;accelerated&#160;filer&#160; </div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Accelerated&#160;filer</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Smaller&#160;reporting&#160;company</div>
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  <td style="WIDTH: 19.22%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom" colspan="4">(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 23.39%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">Emerging growth company</td>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.&#160; &#9744;</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">to be Registered</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 12.44%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 4px double; BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 2px solid">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Amount</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">to be<font style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br>
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  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 0.71%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 4px double">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 12.7%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 4px double; BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 2px solid">
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  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 0.71%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 4px double">
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  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 12.94%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 4px double; BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 2px solid">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Proposed<font style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br>
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  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 0.71%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 4px double">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 14.48%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 4px double">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Amount&#160;of</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Registration&#160;Fee</div>
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  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 44.63%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; TEXT-INDENT: -10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; MARGIN-LEFT: 10pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share</div>
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  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 0.71%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 2px solid">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 12.44%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 2px solid">
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  </td>
  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 0.71%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 12.7%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 2px solid">
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  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 0.71%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 12.94%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 2px solid">
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 14.48%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">$99.98</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 4px double; WIDTH: 44.63%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 4px double; WIDTH: 0.71%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 2px solid">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 4px double; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 12.44%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 2px solid">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 4px double; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 0.71%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 4px double; WIDTH: 12.7%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 2px solid">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 4px double; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 0.71%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 4px double; WIDTH: 12.94%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 2px solid">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 4px double; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 0.71%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 4px double; WIDTH: 14.48%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 2px solid">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  </table>
  </div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
  <table style="WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" id="z544053a1117c42ac99fbe72fd6a8d39e" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(1)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &#8220;Securities Act&#8221;), this registration statement shall also cover any additional shares of Common Stock which become issuable under the above-named plans by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization or any other similar transaction effected without the receipt of consideration which results in an increase in the number of our outstanding shares of Common Stock.</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  </table>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
  <table style="WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" id="zc77b1c90ad9149b28b53c7bf810a7141" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(2)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Represents (i) 500,000 additional shares of Common Stock that were added to the shares authorized for issuance under the registrant&#8217;s 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended (the &#8220;2013 Plan&#8221;) pursuant to approvals by the Board of Directors and stockholders, (ii) 27,344 additional shares of Common Stock that were added to the shares authorized for issuance under the registrant&#8217;s 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the &#8220;2010 ESPP&#8221;), pursuant to approvals by the Board of Directors and stockholders, and (iii) 3,906 shares of Common Stock that were automatically added to the shares authorized for issuance under the 2010 ESPP on each January 1, pursuant to an &#8220;evergreen&#8221; provision contained in the 2010 ESPP. Pursuant to the provision contained in the 2010 ESPP, on each January 1, the number of shares of stock reserved and available for issuance under the 2010 ESPP is cumulatively increased by the lesser of (i) 1% of the number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the immediately preceding December 31 or (ii) 3,906 shares of Common Stock. Pursuant to approvals by the Board of Directors and stockholders, the &#8220;evergreen&#8221; provision in the 2010 ESPP was amended such that on January 1, 2018 and each January 1 thereafter,&#160; the number of shares of stock reserved and available for issuance under the 2010 ESPP is cumulatively increased by the lesser of (i) 1% of the number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the immediately preceding December 31 or (ii) 31,250 shares of Common Stock.</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  </table>
  
  <div><br>
  </div>
  
  <table style="WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" id="z4dbcdc99b48c45998221e0112fbd5043" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(3)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457 of the Securities Act, and based on the average of the high and low sale prices of the registrant&#8217;s Common Stock, as quoted on the Nasdaq Global Market, on May 31, 2017.</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  </table>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Proposed sales to take place as soon after the effective date of the registration statement as awards granted, exercised or distributed under the above-named plans.</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="MARGIN-TOP: 10pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10pt; CLEAR: both" id="DSPFPageBreakArea">
  <div style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: always" id="DSPFPageBreak">
  <hr style="BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #000000; MARGIN: 4px 0px; WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; HEIGHT: 2px; COLOR: #000000; CLEAR: both; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px" noshade="noshade">
  </div>
  </div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">REGISTRATION OF ADDITIONAL SECURITIES</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">This Registration Statement relates solely to the registration of additional securities of the same class as other securities for which a registration statement on this form relating to an employee benefit plan is effective. Pursuant to General Instruction E of Form&#160;S-8, this Registration Statement hereby incorporates by reference the contents of (i)&#160;the registration statement on Form&#160;S-8 filed by the Registrant on May&#160;17, 2013 (Registration No.&#160;333-196740) with respect to the 2013 Plan, (ii)&#160;the registration statement on Form&#160;S-8 filed by the Registrant on June&#160;13, 2014 (Registration No.&#160;333-196740) with respect to the 2013 Plan.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Part II</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Item&#160;3.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Incorporation of Documents by Reference.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The SEC allows us to &#8220;incorporate by reference&#8221; the information we file with them, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this registration statement, and later information filed with the SEC will update and supersede this information. We hereby incorporate by reference into this registration statement the following documents previously filed with the SEC:</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
  <table style="WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" id="zf6c7a845d777431bafa9a540aac24c68" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4.01%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(a)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 92%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The Registrant&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December&#160;31, 2016;</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  </table>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
  <table style="WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" id="zfa01d2b47dc940cd9081e80fbfb5d56c" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4.01%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(b)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 92%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The Registrant&#8217;s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017;</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  </table>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
  <table style="WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" id="za5a6fede692b42f199a59e5f91471e80" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4.01%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(c)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 92%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The Registrant&#8217;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March&#160;31, 2017;</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  </table>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
  <table style="WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" id="zce611548bbc34cee9c4273a28c562360" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4.01%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(d)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 92%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The Registrant&#8217;s Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 16, 2017, March 16, 2017, March 31, 2017,&#160; April 27, 2017, April 28, 2017 and May 18, 2017.</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  </table>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
  <table style="WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" id="zc90fa152c97445e4a8422e89684eac60" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4.01%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(e)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 92%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The description of the registrant&#8217;s common stock contained in the registrant&#8217;s registration statement on Form 8-A (Registration No.&#160;001-34637), filed by the registrant with the SEC under Section&#160;12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;), on February&#160;22, 2010, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  </table>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">All documents that the registrant subsequently files pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment to this registration statement which indicates that all of the shares of common stock offered have been sold or which deregisters all of such shares then remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this registration statement and to be a part hereof from the date of the filing of such documents; except as to any portion of any future annual or quarterly report to stockholders or document or current report furnished under current Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K that is not deemed filed under such provisions. For the purposes of this registration statement, any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this registration statement.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Under no circumstances will any information filed under current items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K be deemed incorporated herein by reference unless such Form 8-K expressly provides to the contrary.</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="MARGIN-TOP: 10pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10pt; CLEAR: both" id="DSPFPageBreakArea">
  <div style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: always" id="DSPFPageBreak">
  <hr style="BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #000000; MARGIN: 4px 0px; WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; HEIGHT: 2px; COLOR: #000000; CLEAR: both; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px" noshade="noshade">
  </div>
  </div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Item&#160;4.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Description of Securities.</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">&#160;</div>
  </div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Not applicable.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Item&#160;5.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Interests of Named Experts and Counsel.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">None.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Item&#160;6.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Indemnification of Directors and Officers.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Section&#160;145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the &#8220;DGCL&#8221;) authorizes a corporation to indemnify its directors and officers against liabilities arising out of actions, suits and proceedings to which they are made or threatened to be made a party by reason of the fact that they have served or are currently serving as a director or officer to a corporation. The indemnity may cover expenses (including attorneys&#8217; fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the director or officer in connection with any such action, suit or proceeding. Section&#160;145 permits corporations to pay expenses (including attorneys&#8217; fees) incurred by directors and officers in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding. In addition, Section&#160;145 provides that a corporation has the power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of its directors and officers against any liability asserted against them and incurred by them in their capacity as a director or officer, or arising out of their status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify the director or officer against such liability under Section&#160;145.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">We have adopted provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws to be in effect at the completion of this offering that limit or eliminate the personal liability of our directors to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as it now exists or may in the future be amended. Consequently, a director will not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages or breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability for:</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#8226; any breach of the director&#8217;s duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders;</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#8226; any act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#8226; any unlawful payment related to dividends or unlawful stock purchases, redemptions or other distributions; or</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#8226; any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">These limitations of liability do not alter director liability under the federal securities laws and do not affect the availability of equitable remedies such as an injunction or rescission.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">In addition, our bylaws provide that:</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#8226; we will indemnify our directors, officers and, in the discretion of our board of directors, certain employees to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as it now exists or may in the future be amended; and</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#8226; we will advance reasonable expenses, including attorneys&#8217; fees, to our directors and, in the discretion of our board of directors, to our officers and certain employees, in connection with legal proceedings relating to their service for or on behalf of us, subject to limited exceptions.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and our executive officers and, in several cases, amended and restated indemnification agreements with certain of their affiliates. These agreements provide that we will indemnify each of our directors, executive officers and, at times, their affiliates to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Under these agreements, we will advance expenses, including attorneys&#8217; fees, judgments, fines and settlement amounts, to each indemnified director, executive officer or affiliate in connection with any proceeding in which indemnification is available and we will indemnify our directors and officers for any action or proceeding arising out of that person&#8217;s services as an officer or director brought on behalf of Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. or in furtherance of our rights. Additionally, each of our directors may have certain rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses or insurance provided by their affiliates, which indemnification relates to and might apply to the same proceedings arising out of such director&#8217;s services as a director referenced herein.&#160; Nonetheless, we have agreed in the indemnification agreements that our obligations to those same directors are primary and any obligation of the affiliates of those directors to advance expenses or to provide indemnification for the expenses or liabilities incurred by those directors are secondary.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="MARGIN-TOP: 10pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10pt; CLEAR: both" id="DSPFPageBreakArea">
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  </div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">We also maintain general liability insurance which covers certain liabilities of our directors and officers arising out of claims based on acts or omissions in their capacities as directors or officers, including liabilities under the Securities Act.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Item&#160;7.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Exemption from Registration Claimed.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Not applicable.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Item&#160;8.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Exhibits.</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
  <div>
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
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  <td style="WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">&#160;</td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">&#160;</td>
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  <td style="WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">&#160;</td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 5.42%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom" colspan="2">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Exhibit<font style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br>
  </font> No.</div>
  </td>
  <td style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 2px solid; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Description</div>
  </td>
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  <td style="WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.1</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Specimen certificate evidencing shares of common stock (1)</div>
  </td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.2</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (2)</div>
  </td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.3</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Certificate of Amendment to the Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed October 12, 2012&#160;(3)</div>
  </td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.4</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Certificate of Amendment to the Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed July 12, 2013 and effective July 15, 2013&#160;(4)</div>
  </td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.5</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Certificate of Amendment to the Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed July 12, 2013 and effective July 15, 2013&#160;(5)</div>
  </td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.6</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Amended and Restated Bylaws (6)</div>
  </td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.7</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series X Convertible Preferred Stock filed on September 12, 2016 (7)</div>
  </td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.8</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Amended and Restated Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series X Convertible Preferred Stock filed on September 15, 2016 (8)</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.9</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series X-1 Convertible Preferred Stock filed on September 12, 2016 (9)</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.10</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Specimen Series X Convertible Preferred Stock certificate (10)</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Opinion of Goodwin Procter LLP</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">23.2</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <div>&#160;</div>
  
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  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
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  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.81%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.81%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.81%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.53%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.81%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.41%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.53%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.53%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Non-Employees Directors Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan&#160;(17)</div>
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  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.41%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.59%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.53%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.81%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">99.11</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan&#160;(18)</div>
  </td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.41%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.59%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.53%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.81%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">99.12</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan&#160;(19)</div>
  </td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.41%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.59%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.53%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.81%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">99.13</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan&#160;(20)</div>
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  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(1)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as the same numbered exhibit to the registrant&#8217;s Amendment No.&#160;3 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No.&#160;333-161930), filed with the SEC on January&#160;29, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
  </td>
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  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(2)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 3.6 to the registrant&#8217;s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No.&#160;333-161930), filed with the SEC on February&#160;3, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
  </td>
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  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(3)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as the same numbered exhibit to the registrant&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March&#160;26, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
  </td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(4)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit&#160;3.1 to the registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on July&#160;16, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(5)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 28, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(6)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 3.4 to the registrant&#8217;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August&#160;10, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(7)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 12, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
  </td>
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  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(8)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 15, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
  </td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(9)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 12, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
  </td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(10)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 12, 2016 and incorporated by reference.</div>
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  <div>&#160;</div>
  
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  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <table style="WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" id="z3ebc4f3e79014d75917df5fa9923ab1f" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(11)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Appendix A to the registrant&#8217;s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on June&#160;8, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
  </td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(12)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the registrant&#8217;s Amendment No.&#160;4 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No.&#160;333-161930), filed with the SEC on February&#160;3, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
  </td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(13)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant&#8217;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the SEC on May&#160;14, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(14)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Appendix B to the registrant&#8217;s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
  </td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(15)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Annex A to the registrants Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
  </td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(16)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 10.13 to the registrant&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March&#160;28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(17)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 10.14 to the registrant&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March&#160;28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(18)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 10.115 to the registrant&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March&#160;28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
  </td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="WIDTH: 4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(19)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 10.16 to the registrant&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March&#160;28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(20)</div>
  </td>
  <td style="WIDTH: 96%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 10.17 to the registrant&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March&#160;28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Item&#160;9.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Undertakings.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(i) To include any prospectus required by Section&#160;10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the &#8220;Calculation of Registration Fee&#8221; table in the effective registration statement;</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font style="FONT-STYLE: italic; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Provided, however</font>, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) of this section shall not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section&#160;13 or Section&#160;15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d)) that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant&#8217;s annual report pursuant to Section&#160;13(a) or Section&#160;15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan&#8217;s annual report pursuant to Section&#160;15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="MARGIN-TOP: 10pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10pt; CLEAR: both" id="DSPFPageBreakArea">
  <div style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: always" id="DSPFPageBreak">
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  </div>
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  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">(b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
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  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">SIGNATURES</div>
  
  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Hayward, state of California, on this 1st day of June, 2017.</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">By:</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">/s/ <font style="FONT-STYLE: italic; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Craig Thompson</font></div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Craig Thompson</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Chief Executive Officer</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">We, the undersigned officers and directors of Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., hereby severally constitute and appoint Craig Thompson and May Liu, and each of them singly (with full power to each of them to act alone), our true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution in each of them for him and in his name, place and stead, and in any and all capacities, to sign for us and in our names in the capacities indicated below any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite or necessary to be done in and about the premises, as full to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; TEXT-INDENT: -10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; MARGIN-LEFT: 10pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">David E. Thompson</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Director</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">June 1, 2017</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; TEXT-INDENT: -10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; MARGIN-LEFT: 10pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Christopher S. Henney</div>
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  <div>&#160;</div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">EXHIBIT INDEX</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Exhibit<font style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br>
  </font> No.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Description</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.1</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Specimen certificate evidencing shares of common stock (1)</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.2</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (2)</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.3</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Certificate of Amendment to the Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed October 12, 2012&#160;(3)</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.4</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Certificate of Amendment to the Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed July 12, 2013 and effective July 15, 2013&#160;(4)</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.5</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Certificate of Amendment to the Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed April 28, 2017 and effective April 28, 2017 (5)</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.6</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Amended and Restated Bylaws (6)</div>
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  </td>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.7</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series X Convertible Preferred Stock filed on September 12, 2016 (7)</div>
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  </td>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.8</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Amended and Restated Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series X Convertible Preferred Stock filed on September 15, 2016 (8)</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.9</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series X-1 Convertible Preferred Stock filed on September 12, 2016 (9)</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4.10</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Specimen Series X Convertible Preferred Stock certificate (10)</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">5.1</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">23.1</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
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  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">23.2</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Consent of Goodwin Procter LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)</div>
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  </tr>
  
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">24.1</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Power of attorney (included on signature page)</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">99.1</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (11)</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">99.2</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Company Employees Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (12)</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">99.3</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Non-Employee Directors Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (12)</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">99.4</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (12)</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.49%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.51%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.67%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.74%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">99.5</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 3.9%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 89.62%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (12)</div>
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  </tr>
  </table>
  </div>
  
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.81%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">99.6</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan&#160;(13)</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.41%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.59%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.53%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.81%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, and amendments thereto (14)</div>
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  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.41%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.59%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.53%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.81%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">99.8</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended (15)</div>
  </td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.41%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.59%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.53%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.81%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
  </td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Company Employees Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan&#160;(16)</div>
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  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.41%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.59%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.53%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.81%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Non-Employees Directors Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan&#160;(17)</div>
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  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.41%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.59%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.53%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 4.81%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 1.07%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 92.52%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan&#160;(18)</div>
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  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 6.41%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="3">&#160;</td>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 93.59%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  
  <tr>
  <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff; WIDTH: 0.53%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan&#160;(19)</div>
  </td>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan&#160;(20)</div>
  </td>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as the same numbered exhibit to the registrant&#8217;s Amendment No.&#160;3 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No.&#160;333-161930), filed with the SEC on January&#160;29, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 3.6 to the registrant&#8217;s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No.&#160;333-161930), filed with the SEC on February&#160;3, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as the same numbered exhibit to the registrant&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March&#160;26, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit&#160;3.1 to the registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on July&#160;16, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 28, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 3.4 to the registrant&#8217;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August&#160;10, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 12, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 15, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 12, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 12, 2016 and incorporated by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Appendix A to the registrant&#8217;s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on June&#160;8, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the registrant&#8217;s Amendment No.&#160;4 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No.&#160;333-161930), filed with the SEC on February&#160;3, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant&#8217;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the SEC on May&#160;14, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Appendix B to the registrant&#8217;s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Annex A to the registrants Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 10.13 to the registrant&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March&#160;28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 10.14 to the registrant&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March&#160;28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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  <div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Filed as Exhibit 10.115 to the registrant&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March&#160;28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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metadata_documents: [{"type": "S-8", "sequence": "1", "filename": "b61170s8.htm", "secsgml_size_bytes": 172198}]
metadata_filer: {"company-data": {"conformed-name": "Anthera Pharmaceuticals Inc", "cik": "0001316175", "assigned-sic": "2834", "irs-number": "201852016", "state-of-incorporation": "DE", "fiscal-year-end": "1231"}, "filing-values": {"form-type": "S-8", "act": "33", "file-number": "333-218420", "film-number": "17885174"}, "business-address": {"street1": "25801 INDUSTRIAL BOULEVARD, SUITE B", "city": "HAYWARD", "state": "CA", "zip": "94545", "phone": "(510) 856-5600"}, "mail-address": {"street1": "25801 INDUSTRIAL BOULEVARD, SUITE B", "city": "HAYWARD", "state": "CA", "zip": "94545"}}
text: As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 1, 2017
  Registration No. 333-
  SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
  WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
  FORM S-8
  REGISTRATION STATEMENT
  UNDER
  THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
  ANTHERA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
  (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
  Delaware
  20-1852016
  (State or Other Jurisdiction of
  Incorporation or Organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
  Identification No.)
  25801 Industrial Boulevard, Suite B
  Hayward, California 94545
  (510) 856-5600
  (Address of Principal Executive Offices)
  2013 S
  TOCK
  O
  PTION
  AND
  I
  NCENTIVE
  P
  LAN
  2010 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
  (Full Title of the Plans)
  Craig Thompson
  Chief Executive Officer
  25801 Industrial Boulevard, Suite B
  Hayward, California 94545
  Telephone: (510) 856-5600
  Facsimile: (510) 856-5597
  (Name and Address of Agent For Service)
  Copy to:
  Bradley A. Bugdanowitz, Esq.
  G
  OODWIN
  P
  ROCTER
  LLP
  Three Embarcadero Center
  San Francisco, California 94111
  Telephone: (415) 733-6000
  Facsimile: (415) 677-9041
  Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer,  a smaller reporting company or emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer","smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
  Large accelerated filer
  ☐
  Accelerated filer
  ☒
  Non-accelerated filer
  ☐
  Smaller reporting company
  ☐
  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  Emerging growth company
  ☐
  If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐
  CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
  Title of Securities
  to be Registered
  Amount
  to be
  Registered (1)
  Proposed
  Maximum
  Offering Price
  per Share
  Proposed
  Maximum
  Aggregate
  Offering Price
  Amount of
  Registration Fee
  Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
  539,063
  Shares (2)
  $1.60 (3)
  $862,500.40
  $99.98
  (1)
  Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), this registration statement shall also cover any additional shares of Common Stock which become issuable under the above-named plans by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization or any other similar transaction effected without the receipt of consideration which results in an increase in the number of our outstanding shares of Common Stock.
  (2)
  Represents (i) 500,000 additional shares of Common Stock that were added to the shares authorized for issuance under the registrant's 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended (the "2013 Plan") pursuant to approvals by the Board of Directors and stockholders, (ii) 27,344 additional shares of Common Stock that were added to the shares authorized for issuance under the registrant's 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "2010 ESPP"), pursuant to approvals by the Board of Directors and stockholders, and (iii) 3,906 shares of Common Stock that were automatically added to the shares authorized for issuance under the 2010 ESPP on each January 1, pursuant to an "evergreen" provision contained in the 2010 ESPP. Pursuant to the provision contained in the 2010 ESPP, on each January 1, the number of shares of stock reserved and available for issuance under the 2010 ESPP is cumulatively increased by the lesser of (i) 1% of the number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the immediately preceding December 31 or (ii) 3,906 shares of Common Stock. Pursuant to approvals by the Board of Directors and stockholders, the "evergreen" provision in the 2010 ESPP was amended such that on January 1, 2018 and each January 1 thereafter,  the number of shares of stock reserved and available for issuance under the 2010 ESPP is cumulatively increased by the lesser of (i) 1% of the number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the immediately preceding December 31 or (ii) 31,250 shares of Common Stock.
  (3)
  Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457 of the Securities Act, and based on the average of the high and low sale prices of the registrant's Common Stock, as quoted on the Nasdaq Global Market, on May 31, 2017.
  Proposed sales to take place as soon after the effective date of the registration statement as awards granted, exercised or distributed under the above-named plans.
  REGISTRATION OF ADDITIONAL SECURITIES
  This Registration Statement relates solely to the registration of additional securities of the same class as other securities for which a registration statement on this form relating to an employee benefit plan is effective. Pursuant to General Instruction E of Form S-8, this Registration Statement hereby incorporates by reference the contents of (i) the registration statement on Form S-8 filed by the Registrant on May 17, 2013 (Registration No. 333-196740) with respect to the 2013 Plan, (ii) the registration statement on Form S-8 filed by the Registrant on June 13, 2014 (Registration No. 333-196740) with respect to the 2013 Plan.
  Part II
  INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT
  Item 3.     Incorporation of Documents by Reference.
  The SEC allows us to "incorporate by reference" the information we file with them, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this registration statement, and later information filed with the SEC will update and supersede this information. We hereby incorporate by reference into this registration statement the following documents previously filed with the SEC:
  (a)
  The Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016;
  (b)
  The Registrant's Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017;
  (c)
  The Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017;
  (d)
  The Registrant's Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 16, 2017, March 16, 2017, March 31, 2017,  April 27, 2017, April 28, 2017 and May 18, 2017.
  (e)
  The description of the registrant's common stock contained in the registrant's registration statement on Form 8-A (Registration No. 001-34637), filed by the registrant with the SEC under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), on February 22, 2010, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.
  All documents that the registrant subsequently files pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment to this registration statement which indicates that all of the shares of common stock offered have been sold or which deregisters all of such shares then remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this registration statement and to be a part hereof from the date of the filing of such documents; except as to any portion of any future annual or quarterly report to stockholders or document or current report furnished under current Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K that is not deemed filed under such provisions. For the purposes of this registration statement, any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this registration statement.
  Under no circumstances will any information filed under current items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K be deemed incorporated herein by reference unless such Form 8-K expressly provides to the contrary.
  Item 4.     Description of Securities.
  Not applicable.
  Item 5.     Interests of Named Experts and Counsel.
  None.
  Item 6.     Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
  Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL") authorizes a corporation to indemnify its directors and officers against liabilities arising out of actions, suits and proceedings to which they are made or threatened to be made a party by reason of the fact that they have served or are currently serving as a director or officer to a corporation. The indemnity may cover expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the director or officer in connection with any such action, suit or proceeding. Section 145 permits corporations to pay expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred by directors and officers in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding. In addition, Section 145 provides that a corporation has the power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of its directors and officers against any liability asserted against them and incurred by them in their capacity as a director or officer, or arising out of their status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify the director or officer against such liability under Section 145.
  We have adopted provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws to be in effect at the completion of this offering that limit or eliminate the personal liability of our directors to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as it now exists or may in the future be amended. Consequently, a director will not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages or breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability for:
  • any breach of the director's duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders;
  • any act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;
  • any unlawful payment related to dividends or unlawful stock purchases, redemptions or other distributions; or
  • any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.
  These limitations of liability do not alter director liability under the federal securities laws and do not affect the availability of equitable remedies such as an injunction or rescission.
  In addition, our bylaws provide that:
  • we will indemnify our directors, officers and, in the discretion of our board of directors, certain employees to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as it now exists or may in the future be amended; and
  • we will advance reasonable expenses, including attorneys' fees, to our directors and, in the discretion of our board of directors, to our officers and certain employees, in connection with legal proceedings relating to their service for or on behalf of us, subject to limited exceptions.
  We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and our executive officers and, in several cases, amended and restated indemnification agreements with certain of their affiliates. These agreements provide that we will indemnify each of our directors, executive officers and, at times, their affiliates to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Under these agreements, we will advance expenses, including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines and settlement amounts, to each indemnified director, executive officer or affiliate in connection with any proceeding in which indemnification is available and we will indemnify our directors and officers for any action or proceeding arising out of that person's services as an officer or director brought on behalf of Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. or in furtherance of our rights. Additionally, each of our directors may have certain rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses or insurance provided by their affiliates, which indemnification relates to and might apply to the same proceedings arising out of such director's services as a director referenced herein.  Nonetheless, we have agreed in the indemnification agreements that our obligations to those same directors are primary and any obligation of the affiliates of those directors to advance expenses or to provide indemnification for the expenses or liabilities incurred by those directors are secondary.
  We also maintain general liability insurance which covers certain liabilities of our directors and officers arising out of claims based on acts or omissions in their capacities as directors or officers, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
  Item 7.     Exemption from Registration Claimed.
  Not applicable.
  Item 8.     Exhibits.
  Exhibit
  No.
  Description
  4.1
  Specimen certificate evidencing shares of common stock (1)
  4.2
  Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (2)
  4.3
  Certificate of Amendment to the Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed October 12, 2012 (3)
  4.4
  Certificate of Amendment to the Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed July 12, 2013 and effective July 15, 2013 (4)
  4.5
  Certificate of Amendment to the Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed July 12, 2013 and effective July 15, 2013 (5)
  4.6
  Amended and Restated Bylaws (6)
  4.7
  Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series X Convertible Preferred Stock filed on September 12, 2016 (7)
  4.8
  Amended and Restated Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series X Convertible Preferred Stock filed on September 15, 2016 (8)
  4.9
  Form of Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series X-1 Convertible Preferred Stock filed on September 12, 2016 (9)
  4.10
  Specimen Series X Convertible Preferred Stock certificate (10)
  5.1
  Opinion of Goodwin Procter LLP
  23.1
  Consent of BDO USA, LLP, independent registered public accounting firm
  23.2
  Consent of Goodwin Procter LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
  24.1
  Power of attorney (included on signature page)
  99.1
  Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (11)
  99.2
  Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Company Employees Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (12)
  99.3
  Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Non-Employee Directors Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (12)
  99.4
  Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (12)
  99.5
  Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (12)
  99.6
  Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (13)
  99.7
  2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, and amendments thereto (14)
  99.8
  2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (15)
  99.9
  Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Company Employees Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (16)
  99.10
  Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Non-Employees Directors Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (17)
  99.11
  Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (18)
  99.12
  Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (19)
  99.13
  Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (20)
  (1)
  Filed as the same numbered exhibit to the registrant's Amendment No. 3 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-161930), filed with the SEC on January 29, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (2)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.6 to the registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No. 333-161930), filed with the SEC on February 3, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (3)
  Filed as the same numbered exhibit to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 26, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (4)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on July 16, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference.
  (5)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 28, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (6)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.4 to the registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 10, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (7)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 12, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (8)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 15, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (9)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 12, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (10)
  Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 12, 2016 and incorporated by reference.
  (11)
  Filed as Appendix A to the registrant's Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on June 8, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (12)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the registrant's Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-161930), filed with the SEC on February 3, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (13)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the SEC on May 14, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (14)
  Filed as Appendix B to the registrant's Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (15)
  Filed as Annex A to the registrants Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (16)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.13 to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (17)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.14 to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (18)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.115 to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (19)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.16 to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (20)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.17 to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.
  Item 9.     Undertakings.
  (1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
  (i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;
  (ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of Registration Fee" table in the effective registration statement;
  (iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;
  Provided, however
  , that paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) of this section shall not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d)) that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement.
  (2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
  (3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
  (a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
  (b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
  SIGNATURES
  Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Hayward, state of California, on this 1st day of June, 2017.
  Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
  By:
  /s/
  Craig Thompson
  Craig Thompson
  Chief Executive Officer
  POWER OF ATTORNEY
  We, the undersigned officers and directors of Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., hereby severally constitute and appoint Craig Thompson and May Liu, and each of them singly (with full power to each of them to act alone), our true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution in each of them for him and in his name, place and stead, and in any and all capacities, to sign for us and in our names in the capacities indicated below any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite or necessary to be done in and about the premises, as full to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
  Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.
  Signature
  Title
  Date
  /s/ Craig Thompson
  Chief Executive Officer and Director
  June 1, 2017
  Craig Thompson
  (Principal Executive Officer)
  /s/ May Liu
  Senior Vice President, Finance and Administration
  June 1, 2017
  May Liu
  (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)
  /s/ Paul F. Truex
  Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors
  June 1, 2017
  Paul F. Truex
  /s/ Brent Furse
  Director
  June 1, 2017
  Brent Furse
  /s/ Brian R. Mueller
  Director
  June 1, 2017
  Brian R. Mueller
  /s/ Philip T. Sager
  Director
  June 1, 2017
  Philip T. Sager
  /s/ David E. Thompson
  Director
  June 1, 2017
  David E. Thompson
  /s/ Christopher S. Henney
  Director
  June 1, 2017
  Christopher S. Henney
  EXHIBIT INDEX
  Exhibit
  No.
  Description
  4.1
  Specimen certificate evidencing shares of common stock (1)
  4.2
  Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (2)
  4.3
  Certificate of Amendment to the Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed October 12, 2012 (3)
  4.4
  Certificate of Amendment to the Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed July 12, 2013 and effective July 15, 2013 (4)
  4.5
  Certificate of Amendment to the Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed April 28, 2017 and effective April 28, 2017 (5)
  4.6
  Amended and Restated Bylaws (6)
  4.7
  Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series X Convertible Preferred Stock filed on September 12, 2016 (7)
  4.8
  Amended and Restated Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series X Convertible Preferred Stock filed on September 15, 2016 (8)
  4.9
  Form of Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series X-1 Convertible Preferred Stock filed on September 12, 2016 (9)
  4.10
  Specimen Series X Convertible Preferred Stock certificate (10)
  5.1
  Opinion of Goodwin Procter LLP
  23.1
  Consent of BDO USA, LLP, independent registered public accounting firm
  23.2
  Consent of Goodwin Procter LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
  24.1
  Power of attorney (included on signature page)
  99.1
  Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (11)
  99.2
  Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Company Employees Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (12)
  99.3
  Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Non-Employee Directors Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (12)
  99.4
  Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (12)
  99.5
  Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (12)
  99.6
  Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Under the Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (13)
  99.7
  2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, and amendments thereto (14)
  99.8
  2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended (15)
  99.9
  Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Company Employees Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (16)
  99.10
  Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Non-Employees Directors Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (17)
  99.11
  Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (18)
  99.12
  Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (19)
  99.13
  Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Under the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (20)
  (1)
  Filed as the same numbered exhibit to the registrant's Amendment No. 3 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-161930), filed with the SEC on January 29, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (2)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.6 to the registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No. 333-161930), filed with the SEC on February 3, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (3)
  Filed as the same numbered exhibit to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 26, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (4)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on July 16, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference.
  (5)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 28, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (6)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.4 to the registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 10, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (7)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 12, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (8)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 15, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (9)
  Filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 12, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (10)
  Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 12, 2016 and incorporated by reference.
  (11)
  Filed as Appendix A to the registrant's Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on June 8, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (12)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the registrant's Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-161930), filed with the SEC on February 3, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (13)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the SEC on May 14, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (14)
  Filed as Appendix B to the registrant's Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (15)
  Filed as Annex A to the registrants Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (16)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.13 to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (17)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.14 to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (18)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.115 to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (19)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.16 to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.
  (20)
  Filed as Exhibit 10.17 to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.