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  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>As filed with the Securities and Exchange
  Commission on November 2, 2015</B></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>Registration No. 333-</B>&nbsp;_____</P>
  
  <!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 3pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 2pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 100%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"></P>
  
  
  
  
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 18pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 14pt">UNITED
  STATES<BR>
  SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</FONT></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Washington, D.C. 20549</P>
  
  <!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="margin: 10pt 0"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; width: 21%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 16pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0">FORM S-8</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">REGISTRATION
  STATEMENT</FONT></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">UNDER</FONT></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">THE SECURITIES
  ACT OF 1933</FONT></P>
  
  <!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="margin: 10pt 0"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; width: 21%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 20pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">ROYAL BANK OF CANADA</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its
  Charter)</P>
  
  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="width: 34%">
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Canada</b><br>
          (State or Other Jurisdiction of<br>
          Incorporation or Organization)</P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P></td>
      <TD ROWSPAN="2" STYLE="width: 33%">
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10pt 0 0; text-align: center"><b>200 Bay Street </b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Royal Bank Plaza </b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Toronto, Ontario </b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Canada, M5J2J5</b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Tel: 416-955-7806</b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Address and telephone number of Registrant&rsquo;s
          principal executive offices)</P>
  </td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 33%">
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>13-5357855</b><br>
          (I.R.S. Employer<br>
          Identification Number)</P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</td>
      <TD>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>6029</b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Primary Standard Industrial Classification
          Code Number (if applicable))</P></td></tr>
  </table>
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10pt 0 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>2000
  City National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for<BR>
   Plan Years 2004/05 and Later)</B></FONT></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10pt 0 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>2000
  City National Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for<BR>
   Plan Years 2005 and Later)</B></FONT></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Full Title of Plans)</P>
  
  <!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="margin: 10pt 0"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; width: 21%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Daniel L. Torbenson</B></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Royal Bank of Canada </B></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>30 Hudson Street </B></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Jersey City, New Jersey, USA 07302-4600 </B></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Tel: 212-437-9264</B></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone
  number, including area code, of agent for service)</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: center"><B>with copies to:</B></P>
  
  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <td style="width: 34%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Paul D. Guthrie</b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Royal Bank of Canada</b><br>
          <b>200 Bay Street</b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Royal Bank Plaza</b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Toronto, Ontario</b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Canada, M5J2J5</b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Tel: 416-974-6516</b></P></td>
      <td style="width: 33%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</td>
      <td style="width: 33%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Donald R. Crawshaw</b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Sullivan &amp; Cromwell LLP</b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>125 Broad Street</b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>New York, New York 10004</b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Tel: 212-558-4000</b></P></td></tr>
  </table>
  <!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="margin: 10pt 0"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; width: 21%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant
  is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions
  of &ldquo;large accelerated filer,&rdquo; &ldquo;accelerated filer&rdquo; and &ldquo;smaller reporting company&rdquo; in Rule 12b-2
  of the Exchange Act:</P>
  
  <TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="width: 66%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &#9746;&nbsp;&nbsp;Large Accelerated Filer</td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 2%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 32%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &#9744;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accelerated Filer</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &#9744;&nbsp;&nbsp;Non-Accelerated Filer (Do not check if smaller reporting company)</td>
      <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</td>
      <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &#9744;&nbsp;&nbsp;Smaller Reporting Company</td></tr>
  </table>
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>
  
  <!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid; width: 100%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B></B></P>
  
  
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B></B></P>
  
  <!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
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      <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: center"><B>CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE</B></P>
  
  <!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="text-align: center; margin: 0"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; width: 21%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 1pt">
      <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; border-left: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; font-size: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; font-size: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; font-size: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; font-size: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; border-right: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; font-size: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
      <TD STYLE="width: 36%; border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><b>Title Of Securities</b><br>
  <b>To Be Registered</b></td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 16%; border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><b>Amount To Be Registered (2)</b></td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 16%; border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><b>Proposed Maximum</b><br>
  <b>Offering Price</b><br>
  <b>Per Share</b></td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 16%; border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><b>Proposed Maximum</b><br>
  <b>Aggregate</b><br>
  <b>Offering Price</b></td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 16%; border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; border-right: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><b>Amount Of</b><br>
  <b>Registration</b><br>
  <b>Fee</b></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
      <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0.1in; text-indent: -0.1in">&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred Compensation Obligations issuable under the 2000 City National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2004/05 and Later) (1)</td>
      <td style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">$185,000,000</td>
      <td style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">100%</td>
      <td style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">$185,000,000</td>
      <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 0.5pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">$18,629.50</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
      <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0.1in; text-indent: -0.1in">&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred Compensation Obligations issuable under the 2000 City National Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2005 and Later) (1)</td>
      <td style="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">$10,000,000</td>
      <td style="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">100%</td>
      <td style="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">$10,000,000</td>
      <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 0.5pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">$1,007.00</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; border-left: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0.1in; text-indent: -0.1in">&nbsp;</td>
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</td>
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</td>
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">TOTAL</td>
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; border-right: Black 0.5pt solid">$19,636.50</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 1pt">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; border-left: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0.1in; text-indent: -0.1in; font-size: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; font-size: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; font-size: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; font-size: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; border-right: Black 0.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </table>
  <!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="margin: 10pt 0"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 0.5pt solid; width: 21%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->
  
  <TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The Deferred Compensation Obligations are unsecured obligations of Royal Bank of Canada to pay deferred compensation in the
  future in accordance with the terms of the 2000 City National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for
  Plan Years 2004/05 and Later) and 2000 City National Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years
  2005 and Later).</TD></TR></TABLE>
  
  <TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The amount registered is based upon an estimate of the amount of compensation to be deferred by participants, estimated to
  be U.S.$185,000,000 for the 2000 City National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2004/05
  and Later) and U.S.$10,000,000 for the 2000 City National Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan
  Years 2005 and Later), and is estimated solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(h) under the
  Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;Securities Act&rdquo;).</TD></TR></TABLE>
  
  
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  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">PART
  I</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none">INFORMATION
  REQUIRED IN THE SECTION 10(A) PROSPECTUS</FONT></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Item 1. Plan Information.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">The
  documents containing information specified in Part I of Form S-8 will be sent or given to participants in the plans listed on the
  cover of this Registration Statement (together, the &ldquo;Plans&rdquo;) as specified by Rule 428(b)(1) of the Securities Act.
  Such documents are not required to be, and are not, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;Commission&rdquo;)
  either as part of this Registration Statement or as prospectuses or prospectus supplements pursuant to Rule 424 of the Securities
  Act. Those documents and the documents incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement pursuant to Item 3 of Part II
  of this Registration Statement, taken together, constitute a prospectus that meets the requirements of Section 10(a) of the Securities
  Act.</FONT></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt">Item 2. Registrant Information and Employee Plan Annual
  Information.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">Upon
  written or oral request, any of the documents incorporated by reference in Item 3 of Part II of this Registration Statement (which
  documents are incorporated by reference in the Section 10(a) prospectus), other documents required to be delivered to eligible
  participants pursuant to Rule 428(b) or additional information about the Plans are available without charge. Requests should be
  directed to Royal Bank of Canada, 200 Bay Street, Royal Bank Plaza, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5J2J5, Attention: Corporate Secretary
  (telephone: (416) 955-7806).</FONT></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">PART
  II</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">INFORMATION
  REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt">Item 3. Incorporation of Documents by
  Reference.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify">The Registrant hereby incorporates by
  reference into this Registration Statement the following documents previously filed with the Commission (excluding any portions
  of such documents that have been &ldquo;furnished&rdquo; but not &ldquo;filed&rdquo;) pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of
  1934, as amended (the &ldquo;Exchange Act&rdquo;):</P>
  
  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <td style="width: 48%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt"><b>RBC Filings with the Commission</b></td>
      <td style="width: 52%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt"><b>Period and/or Filing Date</b></td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Annual Report on Form 40-F</td>
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Year ended October 31, 2014, as filed December 3, 2014</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
      <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -9pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 9pt">Description of the Registrant&rsquo;s common shares contained under the heading &ldquo;Description of Capital Structure&rdquo; in Exhibit 1 (the Royal Bank of Canada Annual Information Form dated December&nbsp;2, 2014) to the Form 40-F</td>
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Filed December 3, 2014</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
      <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 15pt; TEXT-INDENT: -9pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 9pt">Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K (which has as an exhibit RBC&rsquo;s Material Change Report)*</td>
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Filed January 23, 2015</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K*</td>
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Filed February 25, 2015</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K*</td>
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Filed April 1, 2015</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K*</td>
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Filed April 22, 2015</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K*</td>
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Filed May 28, 2015</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K*</td>
      <td style="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Filed August 26, 2015</td></tr>
  </table>
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">--------------</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify">* Other than the portions of those documents
  not deemed to be filed.</P>
  
  
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3 -->
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      <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
      <!-- Field: /Page -->
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify">All documents subsequently filed by
  the Registrant pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment
  which indicates that all securities offered hereby have been sold or which deregisters all securities covered hereby then remaining
  unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in, and to be part of, this Registration Statement from the filing date
  of each such document. Any statement, including financial statements, contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated
  by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this Registration Statement to the extent that
  a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference
  herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified
  or superseded, to constitute a part of this Registration Statement. Unless expressly incorporated into this Registration Statement,
  a report furnished on Form 6-K prior or subsequent to the date hereof shall not be incorporated by reference into this Registration
  Statement.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt">Item 4. Description of Securities.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><U>Deferred Compensation
  Obligations </U></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify">Under the 2000 City
  National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2004/05 and Later) and the 2000 City National
  Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2005 and Later) (the &ldquo;Plans&rdquo;), the Registrant
  will provide employees and directors who are eligible to participate with the opportunity to defer a specified percentage or dollar
  amount of their compensation. This amount will then be deemed to be credited to a notional account which  City National Bank
  will establish on its books in the name of the participant. Participants may elect to have amounts credited to their account according
  to the performance of several notional investment options, including, without limitation, an account indexed to the value of the
  Registrant&rsquo;s Common Shares.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify">A
  description of these investment alternatives will be included in the documents referred to in Part I of this Registration
  Statement and delivered to participants in the Plans. The obligation ultimately to pay such deferred amounts in accordance
  with the Plans (the &ldquo;Deferred Compensation Obligations&rdquo;) will be unsecured obligations of the Registrant and will
  rank pari passu with other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness of the Registrant from time to time outstanding.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">The participant&rsquo;s
  election, if available under the terms of the applicable Plan, will determine the amount of compensation to be deferred, subject
  to maximum deferral limits set under the applicable Plan. At the time the participant makes a deferral election, he or she will
  specify the date on which payment of the balance of the account will be made or commenced. Payments in respect to all account balances
  will be made in cash.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify">No part of a participant&rsquo;s
  account shall be liable for the debts, contracts, or engagements of any participant, his or her beneficiary, or successors in interest,
  nor shall a participant&rsquo;s account be subject to execution by levy, attachment, or garnishment or by any other legal or equitable
  proceeding, nor shall any such person have any right to alienate, anticipate, sell, transfer, commute, pledge, encumber, or assign
  any benefits or payments thereunder in any manner whatsoever, except if necessary to comply with a domestic relations order. However,
  the Registrant reserves the right to amend, modify, suspend or terminate the Plans at any time, except that no amendment, modification,
  suspension or termination shall have any retroactive effect to reduce any amounts allocated to a participant&rsquo;s account.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><B>Item 5. Interests
  of Named Experts and Counsel.</B></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Not Applicable.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Item 6. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">RBC&rsquo;s by-laws provide that RBC will indemnify a director or
  officer of RBC or a former director or officer of RBC, or a person who acts or acted at RBC&rsquo;s request as a director or officer
  of an entity of which RBC is or was a shareholder or creditor, and such person&rsquo;s heirs and legal representatives (the &ldquo;indemnified
  persons&rdquo;), against all costs, charges, expenses and taxes, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment,
  reasonably incurred by such person in respect of any civil, criminal or administrative action or proceeding to which such person
  is made a party by reason of being or having been a director or officer of RBC or such an entity and including all</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>
  
  <!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 4 -->
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      <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
      <!-- Field: /Page -->
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">taxes, duties,
  imposts or governmental charges whatsoever (&ldquo;taxes&rdquo;) levied on amounts paid to so indemnify such person against such
  costs, charges, expenses and taxes if: (i)&nbsp;the indemnified person acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best
  interests of RBC; and (ii)&nbsp;in the case of a criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary
  penalty, such person had reasonable grounds for believing that such person&rsquo;s conduct was lawful. RBC&rsquo;s by-laws further
  provide that the foregoing indemnification will not apply in respect of an action by or on behalf of RBC to obtain a judgment in
  its favor unless the approval of a court is obtained as required by the Bank Act. RBC will exercise all reasonable efforts to obtain
  or assist in obtaining such approval.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Under the Bank Act, the indemnified persons referred to above are
  entitled to indemnity from RBC in respect of all costs, charges and expenses, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy
  a judgment, reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the defense of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative
  or other proceeding to which the person is subject because of their association with RBC or another entity, if the person seeking
  indemnity:&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr>
      <td style="width: 5%">&nbsp;</td>
      <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%">&bull;</td>
      <td style="vertical-align: top">was not judged by the court or other competent authority to have committed any fault or omitted to do anything they ought to have done; and </td></tr>
  </table>
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr>
      <td style="width: 5%">&nbsp;</td>
      <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%">&bull;</td>
      <td style="vertical-align: top">fulfills the conditions set out in (i)&nbsp;and (ii)&nbsp;above. </td></tr>
  </table>
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">RBC has obtained director&rsquo;s and officer&rsquo;s liability
  insurance coverage, which, subject to policy terms and limitations, provides indemnification and reimbursement coverage for directors
  and officers of RBC in certain circumstances where RBC is unable to provide indemnification to such directors and officers.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
  Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the registrant
  has been informed that in the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities
  Act and is therefore unenforceable.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><B>Item 7. Exemption
  From Registration Claimed.</B></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Not applicable.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt">Item 8. Exhibits.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">The exhibits listed
  in the exhibit index beginning immediately following the signature pages hereto are filed herewith or incorporated herein by reference.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Item 9. Undertakings.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0">(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 17.25pt">(1) To file, during any period in which offers or
  sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10pt 0 0 34.5pt">(i) to include any prospectus required by Section
  10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10pt 0 0 34.5pt; text-align: justify">(ii) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events
  arising after the effective date of the Registration Statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually
  or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the Registration Statement. Notwithstanding
  the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of the securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would
  not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be
  reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume
  and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the &ldquo;Calculation of Registration
  Fee&rdquo; table in the effective Registration Statement; and<BR>
  &nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 34.5pt; text-align: justify">(iii) to include any material information with respect
  to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the Registration Statement or any material change to such information in
  the Registration Statement;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 17.25pt"></P>
  
  <!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 5 -->
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  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 17.25pt; text-align: justify">PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and
  (a)(1)(ii) above do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained
  in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange
  Act that are incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10pt 0 0 17.25pt; text-align: justify">(2) That, for the purpose of determining any
  liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement
  relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the
  initial bona fide offering thereof.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10pt 0 0 17.25pt; text-align: justify">(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective
  amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10pt 0 0; text-align: justify">(b) The Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of
  determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrant&rsquo;s annual report pursuant to Section
  13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan&rsquo;s annual report
  pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be
  deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that
  time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10pt 0 0; text-align: justify">(c) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under
  the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing
  provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is against
  public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
  against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling
  person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or
  controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel
  the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification
  by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  
  <!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 6 -->
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  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">SIGNATURES</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Pursuant to the requirements
  of the Securities Act, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements
  for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
  duly authorized, in the city of Toronto, Province of Ontario, Canada, on November 2, 2015.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="RIGHT" STYLE="width: 50%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <td colspan="4"><b>ROYAL BANK OF CANADA</b></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <td colspan="4">&nbsp;</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD COLSPAN="4">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD COLSPAN="4">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD>By:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">/s/ David I. McKay</TD></TR>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <TD>&nbsp;</td>
      <td colspan="2">Name:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </td>
      <TD>David I. McKay</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <TD>&nbsp;</td>
      <td colspan="2">Title:</td>
      <TD>President and Chief Executive Officer</td></tr>
  <tr>
      <TD STYLE="width: 6%">&nbsp;</td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 91%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
  </table><BR STYLE="clear: both">
  
  <P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 7 -->
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      <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
      <!-- Field: /Page -->
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 as amended,
  this registration statement has been signed below by the following persons in Toronto, Canada, in the capacities and on the dates
  indicated.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>
  
  <TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Signature</B></FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Title</B></FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Date</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
      <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">/s/ David I. McKay</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">President and</P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Chief Executive Officer</P></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
      <TD STYLE="width: 40%; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">David I. McKay</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="width: 2%; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="width: 28%; text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="width: 3%; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="width: 27%; text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
      <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
      <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">/s/ Janice R. Fukakusa</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Chief Administrative Officer<BR>
          and Chief Financial Officer</P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(principal financial officer)</P></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Janice R. Fukakusa</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
      <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
      <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">/s/ Rod Bolger</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: -5.85pt">Executive Vice
          President, Finance</P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">and Controller</P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(principal accounting officer)</P></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Rod Bolger</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Chair of the Board</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Kathleen P. Taylor</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">W. Geoffrey Beattie</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Jacynthe C&ocirc;t&eacute;</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Toos N. Daruvala</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">David F. Denison</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Richard L. George</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Alice D. Laberge</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Michael H. McCain</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Heather Munroe-Blum</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
  
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>
  
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  <TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">J. Pedro Reinhard</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Thomas A. Renyi</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Edward Sonshine</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Bridget A. van Kralingen</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Thierry Vandal</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">November 2, 2015</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Victor L. Young</FONT></TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
      <TD STYLE="width: 40%; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="width: 2%; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="width: 28%; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="width: 3%; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD STYLE="width: 27%; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
  
  
  <P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 9pt; text-indent: -9pt; text-align: justify">* David I. McKay, by signing his name
  hereto, does sign this document on behalf of the above-noted individuals, pursuant to power of attorney duly executed by such individuals
  which has been filed as an exhibit to this registration statement.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="RIGHT" STYLE="width: 50%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <td colspan="4">&nbsp;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <td colspan="4">&nbsp;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <td colspan="4">&nbsp;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <td colspan="4">&nbsp;</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD>By:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">/s/ David I. McKay</TD></TR>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <TD></td>
      <td colspan="2">Name:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </td>
      <TD>David I. McKay</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <TD>&nbsp;</td>
      <td colspan="2">Title:</td>
      <TD>Attorney-In-Fact</td></tr>
  <tr>
      <TD STYLE="width: 6%">&nbsp;</td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 91%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
  </table><BR STYLE="clear: both">
  
  <!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 9 -->
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      <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
      <!-- Field: /Page -->
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE</B></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the requirements of Section 6(a) of the Securities
  Act of 1933, the Authorized Representative has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
  solely in his capacity as the duly authorized representative of Royal Bank of Canada in the United States, in the City of New York,
  State of New York, on November 2, 2015.</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="RIGHT" STYLE="width: 50%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr>
      <TD STYLE="width: 100%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
      <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid">/s/ Daniel L. Torbenson</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Daniel L. Torbenson</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
      <td>Authorized Representative in the United States</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
      <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</td></tr>
  </table><BR STYLE="clear: both">
  
  <!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 10 -->
      <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: rgb(000,000,000) 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
      <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
      <!-- Field: /Page -->
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>
  
  <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">EXHIBIT
  INDEX</P>
  
  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
      <TD STYLE="width: 13%">
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><b>Exhibit</b></P>
          <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><b>Number</b></P></td>
      <TD STYLE="width: 87%"><b>Description</b></td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;4.1</td>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Royal Bank of Canada By-Laws adopted January 8, 1981, with revisions to March 31, 2006 (this Exhibit is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Form S-8 filed on December 7, 2011)</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp; 4.2</td>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">2000 City National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2004/05 and Later, Effective on November 2, 2015)</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp; 4.3</td>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">2000 City National Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2005 and Later, Effective on November 2, 2015)</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp; 5.1</td>
      <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Opinion of Osler, Hoskin &amp; Harcourt LLP regarding authorization of the assumption by Royal Bank of Canada of the obligations under the 2000 City National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2004/05 and Later, Effective on November 2, 2015) and 2000 City National Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2005 and Later, Effective on November 2, 2015)</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp; 5.2</td>
      <TD>Opinion of Sullivan &amp; Cromwell LLP</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center">23.1</td>
      <TD>Consent of Deloitte&nbsp;LLP</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
      <TD STYLE="text-align: center">24.1</td>
      <TD>Powers of Attorney</td></tr>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
      <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </table>
  
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metadata_documents: [{"type": "S-8", "sequence": "1", "filename": "s1029152s8.htm", "description": "DC", "secsgml_size_bytes": 87051}]
metadata_filer: {"company-data": {"conformed-name": "ROYAL BANK OF CANADA", "cik": "0001000275", "assigned-sic": "6029", "irs-number": "000000000", "state-of-incorporation": "A6", "fiscal-year-end": "1031"}, "filing-values": {"form-type": "S-8", "act": "33", "file-number": "333-207750", "film-number": "151191476"}, "business-address": {"street1": "ROYAL BANK PLAZA", "street2": "200 BAY STREET", "city": "TORONTO", "state": "A6", "zip": "M5J2J5", "phone": "2128587116"}, "mail-address": {"street1": "ROYAL BANK PLAZA", "street2": "200 BAY STREET", "city": "TORONTO", "state": "A6", "zip": "M5J2J5"}, "former-company": {"former-conformed-name": "ROYAL BANK OF CANADA \\", "date-changed": "19950908"}}
text: As filed with the Securities and Exchange
  Commission on November 2, 2015
  Registration No. 333-
  _____
  UNITED
  STATES
  SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
  Washington, D.C. 20549
  FORM S-8
  REGISTRATION
  STATEMENT
  UNDER
  THE SECURITIES
  ACT OF 1933
  ROYAL BANK OF CANADA
  (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its
  Charter)
  Canada
  (State or Other Jurisdiction of
  Incorporation or Organization)
  200 Bay Street
  Royal Bank Plaza
  Toronto, Ontario
  Canada, M5J2J5
  Tel: 416-955-7806
  (Address and telephone number of Registrant's
          principal executive offices)
  13-5357855
  (I.R.S. Employer
  Identification Number)
  6029
  (Primary Standard Industrial Classification
          Code Number (if applicable))
  2000
  City National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for
  Plan Years 2004/05 and Later)
  2000
  City National Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for
  Plan Years 2005 and Later)
  (Full Title of Plans)
  Daniel L. Torbenson
  Royal Bank of Canada
  30 Hudson Street
  Jersey City, New Jersey, USA 07302-4600
  Tel: 212-437-9264
  (Name, address, including zip code, and telephone
  number, including area code, of agent for service)
  with copies to:
  Paul D. Guthrie
  Royal Bank of Canada
  200 Bay Street
  Royal Bank Plaza
  Toronto, Ontario
  Canada, M5J2J5
  Tel: 416-974-6516
  Donald R. Crawshaw
  Sullivan & Cromwell LLP
  125 Broad Street
  New York, New York 10004
  Tel: 212-558-4000
  Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant
  is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions
  of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2
  of the Exchange Act:
  ☒  Large Accelerated Filer
  ☐  Accelerated Filer
  ☐  Non-Accelerated Filer (Do not check if smaller reporting company)
  ☐  Smaller Reporting Company
  CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
  Title Of Securities
  To Be Registered
  Amount To Be Registered (2)
  Proposed Maximum
  Offering Price
  Per Share
  Proposed Maximum
  Aggregate
  Offering Price
  Amount Of
  Registration
  Fee
  Deferred Compensation Obligations issuable under the 2000 City National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2004/05 and Later) (1)
  $185,000,000
  100%
  $185,000,000
  $18,629.50
  Deferred Compensation Obligations issuable under the 2000 City National Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2005 and Later) (1)
  $10,000,000
  100%
  $10,000,000
  $1,007.00
  TOTAL
  $19,636.50
  (1)
  The Deferred Compensation Obligations are unsecured obligations of Royal Bank of Canada to pay deferred compensation in the
  future in accordance with the terms of the 2000 City National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for
  Plan Years 2004/05 and Later) and 2000 City National Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years
  2005 and Later).
  (2)
  The amount registered is based upon an estimate of the amount of compensation to be deferred by participants, estimated to
  be U.S.$185,000,000 for the 2000 City National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2004/05
  and Later) and U.S.$10,000,000 for the 2000 City National Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan
  Years 2005 and Later), and is estimated solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(h) under the
  Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act").
  PART
  I
  INFORMATION
  REQUIRED IN THE SECTION 10(A) PROSPECTUS
  Item 1. Plan Information.
  The
  documents containing information specified in Part I of Form S-8 will be sent or given to participants in the plans listed on the
  cover of this Registration Statement (together, the "Plans") as specified by Rule 428(b)(1) of the Securities Act.
  Such documents are not required to be, and are not, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission")
  either as part of this Registration Statement or as prospectuses or prospectus supplements pursuant to Rule 424 of the Securities
  Act. Those documents and the documents incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement pursuant to Item 3 of Part II
  of this Registration Statement, taken together, constitute a prospectus that meets the requirements of Section 10(a) of the Securities
  Act.
  Item 2. Registrant Information and Employee Plan Annual
  Information.
  Upon
  written or oral request, any of the documents incorporated by reference in Item 3 of Part II of this Registration Statement (which
  documents are incorporated by reference in the Section 10(a) prospectus), other documents required to be delivered to eligible
  participants pursuant to Rule 428(b) or additional information about the Plans are available without charge. Requests should be
  directed to Royal Bank of Canada, 200 Bay Street, Royal Bank Plaza, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5J2J5, Attention: Corporate Secretary
  (telephone: (416) 955-7806).
  PART
  II
  INFORMATION
  REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT
  Item 3. Incorporation of Documents by
  Reference.
  The Registrant hereby incorporates by
  reference into this Registration Statement the following documents previously filed with the Commission (excluding any portions
  of such documents that have been "furnished" but not "filed") pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of
  1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"):
  RBC Filings with the Commission
  Period and/or Filing Date
  Annual Report on Form 40-F
  Year ended October 31, 2014, as filed December 3, 2014
  Description of the Registrant's common shares contained under the heading "Description of Capital Structure" in Exhibit 1 (the Royal Bank of Canada Annual Information Form dated December 2, 2014) to the Form 40-F
  Filed December 3, 2014
  Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K (which has as an exhibit RBC's Material Change Report)*
  Filed January 23, 2015
  Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K*
  Filed February 25, 2015
  Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K*
  Filed April 1, 2015
  Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K*
  Filed April 22, 2015
  Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K*
  Filed May 28, 2015
  Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K*
  Filed August 26, 2015
  --------------
  * Other than the portions of those documents
  not deemed to be filed.
  All documents subsequently filed by
  the Registrant pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment
  which indicates that all securities offered hereby have been sold or which deregisters all securities covered hereby then remaining
  unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in, and to be part of, this Registration Statement from the filing date
  of each such document. Any statement, including financial statements, contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated
  by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this Registration Statement to the extent that
  a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference
  herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified
  or superseded, to constitute a part of this Registration Statement. Unless expressly incorporated into this Registration Statement,
  a report furnished on Form 6-K prior or subsequent to the date hereof shall not be incorporated by reference into this Registration
  Statement.
  Item 4. Description of Securities.
  Deferred Compensation
  Obligations
  Under the 2000 City
  National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2004/05 and Later) and the 2000 City National
  Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2005 and Later) (the "Plans"), the Registrant
  will provide employees and directors who are eligible to participate with the opportunity to defer a specified percentage or dollar
  amount of their compensation. This amount will then be deemed to be credited to a notional account which  City National Bank
  will establish on its books in the name of the participant. Participants may elect to have amounts credited to their account according
  to the performance of several notional investment options, including, without limitation, an account indexed to the value of the
  Registrant's Common Shares.
  A
  description of these investment alternatives will be included in the documents referred to in Part I of this Registration
  Statement and delivered to participants in the Plans. The obligation ultimately to pay such deferred amounts in accordance
  with the Plans (the "Deferred Compensation Obligations") will be unsecured obligations of the Registrant and will
  rank pari passu with other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness of the Registrant from time to time outstanding.
  The participant's
  election, if available under the terms of the applicable Plan, will determine the amount of compensation to be deferred, subject
  to maximum deferral limits set under the applicable Plan. At the time the participant makes a deferral election, he or she will
  specify the date on which payment of the balance of the account will be made or commenced. Payments in respect to all account balances
  will be made in cash.
  No part of a participant's
  account shall be liable for the debts, contracts, or engagements of any participant, his or her beneficiary, or successors in interest,
  nor shall a participant's account be subject to execution by levy, attachment, or garnishment or by any other legal or equitable
  proceeding, nor shall any such person have any right to alienate, anticipate, sell, transfer, commute, pledge, encumber, or assign
  any benefits or payments thereunder in any manner whatsoever, except if necessary to comply with a domestic relations order. However,
  the Registrant reserves the right to amend, modify, suspend or terminate the Plans at any time, except that no amendment, modification,
  suspension or termination shall have any retroactive effect to reduce any amounts allocated to a participant's account.
  Item 5. Interests
  of Named Experts and Counsel.
  Not Applicable.
  Item 6. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
  RBC's by-laws provide that RBC will indemnify a director or
  officer of RBC or a former director or officer of RBC, or a person who acts or acted at RBC's request as a director or officer
  of an entity of which RBC is or was a shareholder or creditor, and such person's heirs and legal representatives (the "indemnified
  persons"), against all costs, charges, expenses and taxes, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment,
  reasonably incurred by such person in respect of any civil, criminal or administrative action or proceeding to which such person
  is made a party by reason of being or having been a director or officer of RBC or such an entity and including all
  taxes, duties,
  imposts or governmental charges whatsoever ("taxes") levied on amounts paid to so indemnify such person against such
  costs, charges, expenses and taxes if: (i) the indemnified person acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best
  interests of RBC; and (ii) in the case of a criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary
  penalty, such person had reasonable grounds for believing that such person's conduct was lawful. RBC's by-laws further
  provide that the foregoing indemnification will not apply in respect of an action by or on behalf of RBC to obtain a judgment in
  its favor unless the approval of a court is obtained as required by the Bank Act. RBC will exercise all reasonable efforts to obtain
  or assist in obtaining such approval.
  Under the Bank Act, the indemnified persons referred to above are
  entitled to indemnity from RBC in respect of all costs, charges and expenses, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy
  a judgment, reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the defense of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative
  or other proceeding to which the person is subject because of their association with RBC or another entity, if the person seeking
  indemnity:
  •
  was not judged by the court or other competent authority to have committed any fault or omitted to do anything they ought to have done; and
  •
  fulfills the conditions set out in (i) and (ii) above.
  RBC has obtained director's and officer's liability
  insurance coverage, which, subject to policy terms and limitations, provides indemnification and reimbursement coverage for directors
  and officers of RBC in certain circumstances where RBC is unable to provide indemnification to such directors and officers.
  Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
  Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the registrant
  has been informed that in the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities
  Act and is therefore unenforceable.
  Item 7. Exemption
  From Registration Claimed.
  Not applicable.
  Item 8. Exhibits.
  The exhibits listed
  in the exhibit index beginning immediately following the signature pages hereto are filed herewith or incorporated herein by reference.
  Item 9. Undertakings.
  (a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
  (1) To file, during any period in which offers or
  sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:
  (i) to include any prospectus required by Section
  10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;
  (ii) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events
  arising after the effective date of the Registration Statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually
  or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the Registration Statement. Notwithstanding
  the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of the securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would
  not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be
  reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume
  and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of Registration
  Fee" table in the effective Registration Statement; and
  (iii) to include any material information with respect
  to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the Registration Statement or any material change to such information in
  the Registration Statement;
  PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and
  (a)(1)(ii) above do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained
  in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange
  Act that are incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement.
  (2) That, for the purpose of determining any
  liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement
  relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the
  initial bona fide offering thereof.
  (3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective
  amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
  (b) The Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of
  determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrant's annual report pursuant to Section
  13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's annual report
  pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be
  deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that
  time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
  (c) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under
  the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing
  provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is against
  public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
  against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling
  person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or
  controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel
  the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification
  by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
  SIGNATURES
  Pursuant to the requirements
  of the Securities Act, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements
  for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
  duly authorized, in the city of Toronto, Province of Ontario, Canada, on November 2, 2015.
  ROYAL BANK OF CANADA
  By:
  /s/ David I. McKay
  Name:
  David I. McKay
  Title:
  President and Chief Executive Officer
  Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 as amended,
  this registration statement has been signed below by the following persons in Toronto, Canada, in the capacities and on the dates
  indicated.
  Signature
  Title
  Date
  /s/ David I. McKay
  President and
  Chief Executive Officer
  November 2, 2015
  David I. McKay
  /s/ Janice R. Fukakusa
  Chief Administrative Officer
  and Chief Financial Officer
  (principal financial officer)
  November 2, 2015
  Janice R. Fukakusa
  /s/ Rod Bolger
  Executive Vice
          President, Finance
  and Controller
  (principal accounting officer)
  November 2, 2015
  Rod Bolger
  *
  Chair of the Board
  November 2, 2015
  Kathleen P. Taylor
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  W. Geoffrey Beattie
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  Jacynthe Côté
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  Toos N. Daruvala
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  David F. Denison
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  Richard L. George
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  Alice D. Laberge
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  Michael H. McCain
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  Heather Munroe-Blum
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  J. Pedro Reinhard
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  Thomas A. Renyi
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  Edward Sonshine
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  Bridget A. van Kralingen
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  Thierry Vandal
  *
  Director
  November 2, 2015
  Victor L. Young
  * David I. McKay, by signing his name
  hereto, does sign this document on behalf of the above-noted individuals, pursuant to power of attorney duly executed by such individuals
  which has been filed as an exhibit to this registration statement.
  By:
  /s/ David I. McKay
  Name:
  David I. McKay
  Title:
  Attorney-In-Fact
  AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE
  Pursuant to the requirements of Section 6(a) of the Securities
  Act of 1933, the Authorized Representative has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
  solely in his capacity as the duly authorized representative of Royal Bank of Canada in the United States, in the City of New York,
  State of New York, on November 2, 2015.
  /s/ Daniel L. Torbenson
  Daniel L. Torbenson
  Authorized Representative in the United States
  EXHIBIT
  INDEX
  Exhibit
  Number
  Description
  4.1
  Royal Bank of Canada By-Laws adopted January 8, 1981, with revisions to March 31, 2006 (this Exhibit is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant's Form S-8 filed on December 7, 2011)
  4.2
  2000 City National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2004/05 and Later, Effective on November 2, 2015)
  4.3
  2000 City National Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2005 and Later, Effective on November 2, 2015)
  5.1
  Opinion of Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt LLP regarding authorization of the assumption by Royal Bank of Canada of the obligations under the 2000 City National Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2004/05 and Later, Effective on November 2, 2015) and 2000 City National Bank Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Amended and Restated for Plan Years 2005 and Later, Effective on November 2, 2015)
  5.2
  Opinion of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP
  23.1
  Consent of Deloitte LLP
  24.1
  Powers of Attorney