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<P id=PARA1 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on </B><B>May 12, 2017</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA2 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA3 style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; MARGIN: 0pt 0pt 0pt 36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>Registration No. 333-</B></FONT></P>
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<P id=PARA5 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>UNITED STATES</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA6 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA7 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>Washington, D.C. 20549</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA8 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA9 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA10 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>FORM&nbsp;S-8</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA11 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA12 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA13 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA14 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>PROTAGENIC THERAPEUTICS, INC</B><B>.</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA15 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA16 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
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<P id=PARA17 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>Delaware</B></FONT></P></TD>
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<P id=PARA18 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>06-1390025</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<P id=PARA19 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(State or other jurisdiction of</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA20 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Incorporation or organization)</FONT></P></TD>
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<P id=PARA21 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<P id=PARA22 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
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<P id=PARA23 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<P id=PARA24 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>149 Fifth Avenue, Suite 500, New York, New York</B></FONT></P></TD>
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<P id=PARA25 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>10010</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<P id=PARA26 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;(Address of Principal Executive Offices)</FONT></P></TD>
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<P id=PARA27 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(Zip Code)</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P id=PARA29 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA30 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>PROTAGENIC THERAPEUTICS, INC</B><B>. 2016 </B><B>EQUITY COMPENSATION</B><B> PLAN</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA31 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(Full title of the plan)</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA32 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA33 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>Alexander K. Arrow</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA34 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>Chief Financial Officer</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA35 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>149 Fifth Avenue, Suite 500</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA36 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>New York, NY 10010</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA37 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(Name and address of agent for service)</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA38 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA39 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>212-994-8200</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA40 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(Telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA41 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA42 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>with copies of communications to:</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA43 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA44 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>Kenneth S. Goodwin</B><B>,&nbsp;Esq.</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA45 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Meister Seelig &amp; Fein LLP</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA46 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">125 Park Avenue, 7<SUP style="vertical-align: baseline; position: relative; bottom:.33em;">th</SUP> Floor</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA47 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">New York, NY 10017</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA48 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(212) 655-3563</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA49 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA50 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or emerging growth company.&nbsp;&nbsp;See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company" and &#8220;emerging growth company&#8221; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA51 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
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<P id=PARA52 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Large accelerated filer</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 30%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; PADDING-LEFT: 9pt">
<P id=PARA53 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&#9744;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 16%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA54 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Accelerated filer</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 24%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; PADDING-LEFT: 9pt">
<P id=PARA55 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&#9744;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<TD style="HEIGHT: 0px; WIDTH: 30%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" noWrap>
<P id=PARA56 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 30%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; PADDING-LEFT: 9pt">
<P id=PARA58 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&#9744;</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"></FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="HEIGHT: 0px; WIDTH: 16%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" noWrap>
<P id=PARA61 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Smaller reporting company</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 24%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; PADDING-LEFT: 9pt">
<P id=PARA62 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&#8999;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<TD style="WIDTH: 30%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">Emerging Growth Company </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 30%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; PADDING-LEFT: 9pt">&#9744;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 16%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 24%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P id=PARA64 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA65 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. &#9744;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA316.1 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
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<P id=PARA316.2 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA67 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE</B></FONT></P>
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<P id=PARA69 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Title of securities to be registered</FONT></P></TD>
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<P id=PARA70 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Amount to be <BR>registered(1)</FONT></P></TD>
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<P id=PARA71 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Proposed maximum <BR>offering price per <BR>share(2)</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #000000 1px solid; WIDTH: 17%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 1px solid">
<P id=PARA72 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Proposed maximum <BR>aggregate offering <BR>price(2)</FONT></P></TD>
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<P id=PARA73 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Amount of <BR>registration fee(2)</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<P id=PARA74 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share</FONT></P></TD>
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<P id=PARA75 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">564,378 shares</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 17%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff">
<P id=PARA76 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">$2.20</FONT></P></TD>
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<P id=PARA77 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">$1,241,631.60</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 16%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cceeff">
<P id=PARA78 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">$143.91</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
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<P id=PARA80 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(1)</FONT></P></TD>
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<P id=PARA81 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Covers 564,378 shares of common stock issuable under the Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. 2016 Equity Compensation Plan (the &#8220;2016 Plan&#8221;). In addition, pursuant to Rule&nbsp;416(c)&nbsp;under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &#8220;Securities Act&#8221;), this Registration Statement shall also cover any additional shares of the Registrant&#8217;s common stock that become issuable under the 2016 Plan, by reason of any stock split, stock dividend or other similar transaction that increases the number of the outstanding shares of the Registrant&#8217;s common stock.</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<P id=PARA82 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(2)</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 97%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA83 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">The proposed maximum offering price per share and the proposed maximum aggregate offering price have been estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to paragraph (h)&nbsp;of Rule&nbsp;457 promulgated under the Securities Act and are based on the weighted average exercise price (rounded to the nearest cent) for outstanding stock options granted pursuant to the 2016 Plan.</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P id=PARA85 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman"></FONT></P>
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<P id=PARA86 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>EXPLANATORY NOTE</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA87 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA88 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Pursuant to General Instruction E to Form S-8 under the Securities Act, this Registration Statement is filed by Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) for the purpose of registering additional shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the &#8220;Common Stock&#8221;) under the 2016 Plan. The number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the 2016 Plan is subject to an automatic annual increase on January 1 of each year beginning in 2017 equal to 5.5% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year or a lesser number of shares of Common Stock determined by the Board of Directors of the Company (the &#8220;Evergreen Provision&#8221;). This Registration Statement registers an aggregate of&nbsp;564,378&nbsp;additional shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the 2016 Plan as a result of the Evergreen Provision.</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA89 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 22.5pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA90 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">The shares of Common Stock registered pursuant to this Registration Statement are of the same class of securities as the shares of Common Stock registered for issuance under the 2016 Plan pursuant to the currently effective Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-214553) filed on November 10, 2016. The information contained in the Registrant&#8217;s registration statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-214553) is hereby incorporated by reference pursuant to General Instruction E.</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA318.1 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
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<DIV id=PGFTR318  style="WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: center">&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV id=PGNUM318  style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: center">&nbsp;I-1</DIV>
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<DIV id=PGHDR318  style="WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: left">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV>
<P id=PARA318.2 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA92 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>PART II</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA93 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><BR><B>INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA94 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA95 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>Item 3. Incorporation of Documents by Reference.</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA96 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA97 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">The Registrant hereby incorporates by reference the following documents (other than the portions of those documents furnished or otherwise not deemed to be filed) on file with the Commission (File No. 000-51353):</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA98 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA99 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
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<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 36pt">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 36pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA102 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(a)</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA103 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">the Registrant&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on April 17, 2017; and the Registrant&#8217;s Amended Annual Report on Form 10-K/A, filed on May 5, 2017</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P id=PARA104 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA105 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0pt 0pt 72pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA106 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
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<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 36pt">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 36pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA109 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(b)</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA110 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">the description of the Registrant&#8217;s common stock contained in Item 11 of Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant&#8217;s Registration Statement on Form 10, filed on September 30, 2014 (as updated by the description of the Company&#8217;s common stock contained in its Prospectus dated February 9, 2017 filed pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b)(3)&nbsp;of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &#8220;Securities Act&#8221;) (Registration No. 333-213671).</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P id=PARA111 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA112 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0pt 0pt 36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA113 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA114 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">All documents subsequently filed (other than the portions of those documents furnished or otherwise not deemed to be filed) by the Registrant pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;), prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement which indicates that all securities offered hereby have been sold or which deregisters all securities then remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement and to be a part hereof from the date of filing of such documents.</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA115 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA116 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Any statement contained herein or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this Registration Statement to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such earlier statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this Registration Statement.</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA117 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA118 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>Item 8. Exhibits.</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA119 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA120 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">For a list of exhibits, see the Exhibit Index in this Registration Statement, which is incorporated into this Item by reference.</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA121 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman"></FONT></P>
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<DIV id=PGFTR122  style="WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: center">&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV id=PGNUM122  style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: center">II-1</DIV>
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<DIV id=PGHDR122  style="WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: left">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV>
<P id=PARA122.2 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA125 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>SIGNATURES</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA126 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA127 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 27.5pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form&nbsp;S-8 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, State of New York, on this&nbsp;12th&nbsp;day of May, 2017.</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA128 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA129 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
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<P id=PARA130 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 50.2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>
<P id=PARA131 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>PROTAGENIC THERAPEUTICS, INC</B><B>.</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<TD style="WIDTH: 49.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA132 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 30.5%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>
<P id=PARA133 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 19.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA134 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 49.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA135 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 3.7%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA136 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">By:</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 26.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid">
<P id=PARA137 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">/s/ Garo H. Armen&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 19.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA138 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<TD style="WIDTH: 49.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA139 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 3.7%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA140 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 26.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA141 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Garo H. Armen</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 19.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA142 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 49.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA143 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 3.7%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA144 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 46.5%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>
<P id=PARA145 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Chairman</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA146 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(Principal Executive Officer and</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA147 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Duly Authorized Officer)</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P id=PARA149 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman"></FONT></P>
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<DIV id=PGFTR151  style="WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: center">&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV id=PGNUM151  style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: center">II-2</DIV>
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<DIV id=PGHDR151  style="WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: left">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV>
<P id=PARA151.2 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA154 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>POWER OF ATTORNEY AND SIGNATURES</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA155 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA156 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 27.5pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Garo H. Armen and Alexander K. Arrow, and each of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this Registration Statement, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Commission, and hereby grants to such attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA157 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 27.5pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA158 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA159 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA160 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
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<P id=PARA161 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><U><B>Signatures</B></U></FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA162 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA163 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><U><B>Title</B></U></FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA164 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA165 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><U><B>Date</B></U></FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<P id=PARA166 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA167 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA168 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA169 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA170 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<P id=PARA171 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">/s/ Garo H. Armen</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA172 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA173 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Director and Chairman of the Board</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA174 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA175 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">May 12, 2017</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA176 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Garo H. Armen</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA177 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA178 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(Principal Executive Officer)</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA179 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA180 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA181 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA182 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA183 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA184 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA185 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid">
<P id=PARA186 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">/s/ Alexander K. Arrow</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA187 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA188 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Chief Financial Officer </FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA189 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA190 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">May 12, 2017</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA191 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Alexander K. Arrow</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA192 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA193 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">(Principal Financial Officer)</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA194 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA195 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA196 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA197 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA198 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA199 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA200 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid">
<P id=PARA201 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">/s/ Robert B. Stein</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA202 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA203 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Director</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA204 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA205 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">May 12, 2017</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA206 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Robert B. Stein</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA207 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA208 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA209 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA210 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA211 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA212 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA213 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA214 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA215 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid">
<P id=PARA216 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">/s/ Khalil Barrage</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA217 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA218 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Director</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA219 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA220 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">May 12, 2017</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA221 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Khalil Barrage</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA222 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA223 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA224 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA225 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA226 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA227 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA228 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA229 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA230 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid">
<P id=PARA231 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">/s/ Gregory H. Ekizian</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA232 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA233 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Director</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA234 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA235 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">May 12, 2017</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA236 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Gregory H. Ekizian</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA237 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA238 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA239 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA240 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA241 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA242 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA243 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA244 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA245 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid">
<P id=PARA246 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">/s/ Joshua Silverman</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA247 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA248 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Director</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA249 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA250 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">May 12, 2017</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA251 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Joshua Silverman</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA252 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA253 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA254 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA255 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 31%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">
<P id=PARA256 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 45%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 20%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle">&nbsp; </TD></TR></TABLE>
<P id=PARA258 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman"></FONT></P>
<DIV id=PGBK260  style="WIDTH: 100%; MARGIN-LEFT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0pt">
<DIV id=PGFTR260  style="WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: center">&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV id=PGNUM260  style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: center">II-3</DIV>
<HR style="HEIGHT: 2px; WIDTH: 100%; PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: always; COLOR: #000000" noShade>

<DIV id=PGHDR260  style="WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: left">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV>
<P id=PARA260.2 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA263 style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>EXHIBIT INDEX</B></FONT></P>
<P id=PARA264 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<TABLE id=TBL303  style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-INDENT: 0px" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>

<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid" colSpan=3>
<P id=PARA265 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>Exhibit</B></FONT></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P id=PARA266 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"><B>Number</B></FONT>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center" colSpan=2>
<P><B></B>&nbsp;</P>
<P><B>Description</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>&nbsp;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>2.1</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of February 12, 2016, by and among Atrinsic, Inc. a Delaware corporation, Protagenic Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on February 12, 2016)</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>&nbsp;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>2.2</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>Certificate of Ownership and Merger&nbsp;Merging Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. with and into Atrinsic, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on June 20, 2016 (the &#8220;June 20 Form 8-K&#8221;))</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>&nbsp;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>2.3</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>
<P id=PARA279 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Agreement of Merger of Atrinsic, Inc. and Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc.&nbsp;(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to the June 20 Form 8-K)</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>
<P id=PARA282 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA283 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>
<P id=PARA284 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>
<P id=PARA285 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">3.1</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA286 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>
<P id=PARA287 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the June 20 Form 8-K)</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>&nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>
<P id=PARA288 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">3.2</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<P id=PARA289 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>
<P id=PARA290 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Bylaws of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on July 15, 2016)</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>&nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>
<P id=PARA291 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">*5.1</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>
<P id=PARA292 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Opinion of Meister Seelig &amp; Fein LLP re legality</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>&nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>
<P id=PARA293 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">*23.1</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>
<P id=PARA294 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>&nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>
<P id=PARA295 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">*23.2</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>
<P id=PARA296 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Consent of Meister Seelig &amp; Fein LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>&nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>
<P id=PARA297 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">*24.1</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>
<P id=PARA298 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Powers of Attorney (included on signature page)</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>&nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>
<P id=PARA299 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">99.1</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>
<P id=PARA300 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. 2016 Equity Compensation Plan&nbsp;(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the June 20 Form 8-K)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"></FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<TABLE id=TBL307  style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-INDENT: 0px" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>

<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>&nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>
<P id=PARA304 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">99.2</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>
<P id=PARA305 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement under the Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. 2016 Equity Compensation Plan&nbsp;(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the June 20 Form 8-K)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"></FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<TABLE id=TBL313  style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-INDENT: 0px" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>

<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>&nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD style="WIDTH: 7.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=3>
<P id=PARA308 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">99.3</FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 2.4%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">&nbsp; </TD>
<TD style="WIDTH: 89.8%; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top" colSpan=2>
<P id=PARA309 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. 2016 Equity Compensation Plan&nbsp;(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the June 20 Form 8-K)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"></FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P id=PARA314 style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25"><U><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></U><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif"> <BR>* &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Each document marked with an asterisk is filed herewith.</FONT></P>
<P id=PARA315 style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt">II-4</P></BODY></HTML>
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atrn20170512_s8.htm
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
May 12, 2017
Registration No. 333-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-8
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
PROTAGENIC THERAPEUTICS, INC
.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
06-1390025
(State or other jurisdiction of
Incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
149 Fifth Avenue, Suite 500, New York, New York
10010
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(Zip Code)
PROTAGENIC THERAPEUTICS, INC
. 2016
EQUITY COMPENSATION
PLAN
(Full title of the plan)
Alexander K. Arrow
Chief Financial Officer
149 Fifth Avenue, Suite 500
New York, NY 10010
(Name and address of agent for service)
212-994-8200
(Telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
with copies of communications to:
Kenneth S. Goodwin
, Esq.
Meister Seelig & Fein LLP
125 Park Avenue, 7
th
Floor
New York, NY 10017
(212) 655-3563
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or emerging growth company.  See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
☐
Accelerated filer
☐
Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
☐
Smaller reporting company
⌧
Emerging Growth Company
☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of securities to be registered
Amount to be
registered(1)
Proposed maximum
offering price per
share(2)
Proposed maximum
aggregate offering
price(2)
Amount of
registration fee(2)
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share
564,378 shares
$2.20
$1,241,631.60
$143.91
(1)
Covers 564,378 shares of common stock issuable under the Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. 2016 Equity Compensation Plan (the "2016 Plan"). In addition, pursuant to Rule 416(c) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), this Registration Statement shall also cover any additional shares of the Registrant's common stock that become issuable under the 2016 Plan, by reason of any stock split, stock dividend or other similar transaction that increases the number of the outstanding shares of the Registrant's common stock.
(2)
The proposed maximum offering price per share and the proposed maximum aggregate offering price have been estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to paragraph (h) of Rule 457 promulgated under the Securities Act and are based on the weighted average exercise price (rounded to the nearest cent) for outstanding stock options granted pursuant to the 2016 Plan.
EXPLANATORY NOTE
Pursuant to General Instruction E to Form S-8 under the Securities Act, this Registration Statement is filed by Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. (the "Company") for the purpose of registering additional shares of the Company's common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the "Common Stock") under the 2016 Plan. The number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the 2016 Plan is subject to an automatic annual increase on January 1 of each year beginning in 2017 equal to 5.5% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year or a lesser number of shares of Common Stock determined by the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Evergreen Provision"). This Registration Statement registers an aggregate of 564,378 additional shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the 2016 Plan as a result of the Evergreen Provision.
The shares of Common Stock registered pursuant to this Registration Statement are of the same class of securities as the shares of Common Stock registered for issuance under the 2016 Plan pursuant to the currently effective Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-214553) filed on November 10, 2016. The information contained in the Registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-214553) is hereby incorporated by reference pursuant to General Instruction E.
I-1
PART II
INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT
Item 3. Incorporation of Documents by Reference.
The Registrant hereby incorporates by reference the following documents (other than the portions of those documents furnished or otherwise not deemed to be filed) on file with the Commission (File No. 000-51353):
(a)
the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on April 17, 2017; and the Registrant's Amended Annual Report on Form 10-K/A, filed on May 5, 2017
(b)
the description of the Registrant's common stock contained in Item 11 of Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form 10, filed on September 30, 2014 (as updated by the description of the Company's common stock contained in its Prospectus dated February 9, 2017 filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") (Registration No. 333-213671).
All documents subsequently filed (other than the portions of those documents furnished or otherwise not deemed to be filed) by the Registrant pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement which indicates that all securities offered hereby have been sold or which deregisters all securities then remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement and to be a part hereof from the date of filing of such documents.
Any statement contained herein or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this Registration Statement to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such earlier statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this Registration Statement.
Item 8. Exhibits.
For a list of exhibits, see the Exhibit Index in this Registration Statement, which is incorporated into this Item by reference.
II-1
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, State of New York, on this 12th day of May, 2017.
PROTAGENIC THERAPEUTICS, INC
.
By:
/s/ Garo H. Armen
Garo H. Armen
Chairman
(Principal Executive Officer and
Duly Authorized Officer)
II-2
POWER OF ATTORNEY AND SIGNATURES
Each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Garo H. Armen and Alexander K. Arrow, and each of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this Registration Statement, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Commission, and hereby grants to such attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.
Signatures
Title
Date
/s/ Garo H. Armen
Director and Chairman of the Board
May 12, 2017
Garo H. Armen
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ Alexander K. Arrow
Chief Financial Officer
May 12, 2017
Alexander K. Arrow
(Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ Robert B. Stein
Director
May 12, 2017
Robert B. Stein
/s/ Khalil Barrage
Director
May 12, 2017
Khalil Barrage
/s/ Gregory H. Ekizian
Director
May 12, 2017
Gregory H. Ekizian
/s/ Joshua Silverman
Director
May 12, 2017
Joshua Silverman
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
Number
Description
2.1
Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of February 12, 2016, by and among Atrinsic, Inc. a Delaware corporation, Protagenic Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on February 12, 2016)
2.2
Certificate of Ownership and Merger Merging Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. with and into Atrinsic, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on June 20, 2016 (the "June 20 Form 8-K"))
2.3
Agreement of Merger of Atrinsic, Inc. and Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to the June 20 Form 8-K)
3.1
Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the June 20 Form 8-K)
3.2
Bylaws of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on July 15, 2016)
*5.1
Opinion of Meister Seelig & Fein LLP re legality
*23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
*23.2
Consent of Meister Seelig & Fein LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
*24.1
Powers of Attorney (included on signature page)
99.1
Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. 2016 Equity Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the June 20 Form 8-K)
99.2
Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement under the Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. 2016 Equity Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the June 20 Form 8-K)
99.3
Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc. 2016 Equity Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the June 20 Form 8-K)
*      Each document marked with an asterisk is filed herewith.
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