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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on August 17, 2020</p>
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Registration No.&#160;333-&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;border-top:Double 2.25pt;padding-top:1pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:16pt;">UNITED STATES</font></p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:16pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:11pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Washington, D.C. 20549 </p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:12pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:16pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">FORM S-8 </p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:16pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">REGISTRATION STATEMENT </p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;font-size:11pt;font-family:Times New Roman;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">UNDER </p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;font-size:11pt;font-family:Times New Roman;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:24pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">ATYR PHARMA, INC. </p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) </p>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Delaware</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">20-3435077</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">(State or other jurisdiction of</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">incorporation or organization)</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">(I.R.S. Employer<br />Identification No.)</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite #250 </p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">San Diego, CA 92121</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">(Address of Principal Executive Offices) </p>
<p style="margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">ATYR PHARMA, INC. 2015 STOCK OPTION AND INCENTIVE PLAN, AS AMENDED </p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">(Full title of the plans)</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Sanjay S. Shukla, M.D., M.S.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">President, Chief Executive Officer and Director </p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite #250 </p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">San Diego, CA 92121 </p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">(Name and address of agent for service) </p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">(858) 731-8389 </p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">(Telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160; </p>
<p style="text-align:justify;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer,&nbsp;&nbsp;a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of &#8220;large accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;accelerated filer,&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#8220;smaller reporting company&#8221; and &#8220;emerging growth company,&#8221; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</p>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Large&#160;accelerated&#160;filer</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;font-family:'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">&#9744;</font></p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Accelerated&#160;filer</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;font-family:'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">&#9744;</font></p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:4pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;font-family:'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">&#9746;</font><font style="font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Smaller&#160;reporting&#160;company</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Emerging growth&#160;company</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:justify;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-top:12pt;border-bottom:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.&nbsp;&nbsp;<font style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><font style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">&#9746;</font></font></p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-top:12pt;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin-top:12pt;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_textHF_105_19"></a>&nbsp;</p>
<hr style="page-break-after:always;width:100%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_textHF_105_17"></a>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-top:12pt;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_AEIOULastRenderedPageBreakAEIOU2"></a><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE </font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:5pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:2pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td colspan="2" valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:1.26%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:2pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td valign="middle"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:12.24%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:2pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td colspan="2" valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:1.16%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:2pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td valign="middle"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:14.98%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:2pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:0.62%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:2pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td valign="middle"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:13.06%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:2pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:0.62%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:2pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td valign="middle"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:12.54%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:2pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="border-top:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:5pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
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<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:43.52%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Title&#160;of&#160;securities</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">to&#160;be&#160;registered</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:0.62%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000; border-left:solid 0.75pt #000000;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td colspan="3" valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:13.42%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Amount</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">to&#160;be</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">registered(1)</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:0.62%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000; border-left:solid 0.75pt #000000;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:14.98%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Proposed</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">maximum<br />offering&#160;price<br />per&#160;share(2)</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:0.62%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000; border-left:solid 0.75pt #000000;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:13.06%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Proposed</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">maximum</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">aggregate</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">offering&#160;price(2)</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:0.62%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000; border-left:solid 0.75pt #000000;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:12.54%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Amount&#160;of<br />registration&#160;fee</p></td>
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<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:43.52%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000;">
<p style="text-align:justify;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Common stock, $0.001 par value per share</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:0.62%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000; border-left:solid 0.75pt #000000;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td colspan="3" valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:13.42%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">350,000 shares(3)</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:0.62%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000; border-left:solid 0.75pt #000000;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:14.98%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">$&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.7155</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:0.62%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000; border-left:solid 0.75pt #000000;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:13.06%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">$1,300,425&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:0.62%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000; border-left:solid 0.75pt #000000;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:12.54%; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:5.1pt;;text-indent:-5.1pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">$169.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </p></td>
</tr>
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<td colspan="11" valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:100%;">
<p style="text-align:right;border-top:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:5pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="11" valign="bottom"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:100%;">
<p style="border-top:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:5pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:6pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<div>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;">
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:4%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">(1)</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:96%;">
<p style="text-align:justify;margin-bottom:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Pursuant to Rule 416(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &#8220;Securities Act&#8221;), this Registration Statement shall also cover any additional shares of the Registrant&#8217;s Common Stock (&#8220;Common Stock&#8221;) that become issuable under the aTyr Pharma, Inc. 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended (the &#8220;2015 Plan&#8221;) by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization or other similar transaction.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:4%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">(2)</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:96%;">
<p style="text-align:justify;margin-bottom:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">This estimate is made pursuant to Rule 457(h)(1) and Rule 457(c) of the Securities Act solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee. The price per share and aggregate offering price are based upon the average of the high and low prices of the Common Stock on August 12, 2020, as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:4%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">(3)</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:96%;">
<p style="text-align:justify;margin-bottom:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#000000;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Represents 350,000 additional shares of Common Stock reserved and available for issuance under the 2015 Plan, as approved by the Company&#8217;s stockholders at its annual meeting on May 6, 2020 (the &#8220;2020 Annual Meeting&#8221;).&nbsp;&nbsp;At the 2020 Annual Meeting, the Company&#8217;s stockholders approved an amendment to the 2015 Plan to increase the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock authorized for issuance under the 2015 Plan by 350,000 shares to 951,945 shares of Common Stock.</p></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin-top:12pt;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_textHF_105_18"></a>&nbsp;</p>
<hr style="page-break-after:always;width:100%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_textHF_105_17"></a>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-align:center;line-height:11pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_AEIOULastRenderedPageBreakAEIOU3"></a><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE</font></p>
<p style="line-height:11pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:5.38%;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">This Registration Statement is being filed for the purpose of increasing the number of securities of the same class as other securities for which a Registration Statement of the Registrant on Form S-8 relating to the same employee benefit plan is effective.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;line-height:9pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:5.45%;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">The Registrant previously registered shares of its Common Stock for issuance under the 2015 Plan under Registration Statements on Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on <a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000119312515177251/d921783ds8.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">May 7, 2015 (File No. 333-203955)</font></a><font style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">, </font><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000119312515177251/d921783ds8.htm"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459016015797/life-s8_20160401.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">April 1, 2016 (File No. 333-210543)</font></a><font style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">, </font><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000119312515177251/d921783ds8.htm"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459016015797/life-s8_20160401.htm"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459017005005/life-s8.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">March 22, 2017 (File No. 333-216880)</font></a><font style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">, </font><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000119312515177251/d921783ds8.htm"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459016015797/life-s8_20160401.htm"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459017005005/life-s8.htm"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459018006614/life-s8.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">March 23, 2018 (333-223865)</font></a><font style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">, and </font><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000119312515177251/d921783ds8.htm"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459016015797/life-s8_20160401.htm"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459017005005/life-s8.htm"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459018006614/life-s8.htm"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459019019755/life-s8.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">May 20, 2019 (File No. 333-231594)</font></a><font style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">. Pursuant to General Instruction E to Form S-8, this Registration Statement hereby incorporates by reference the contents of the Registration Statements referenced above.</font></p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-top:12pt; clear:both;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<hr style="page-break-after:always;width:100%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_AEIOULastRenderedPageBreakAEIOU4"></a><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Item 8. Exhibits</font><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p>
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<td colspan="3" valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:65.98%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;;font-size:8pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td colspan="2" valign="top"  style="width:19.02%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Incorporated by Reference</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;;font-size:8pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:12pt;;text-indent:-12pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_text_1_285"></a><a name="_cp_text_1_285"></a>Exhibit</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:12pt;;text-indent:-12pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Number</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_19_286"></a><a name="_cp_text_1_288"></a>Exhibit Title</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_289"></a>Form</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_290"></a>File No.</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_291"></a>Exhibit</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:8pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_292"></a>Filing Date</p></td>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">3.1</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000119312515166665/d819057dex32.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;color:#0000FF;">Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_297"></a>S-1/A</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_298"></a>333-203272</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_299"></a>3.2</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_300"></a>May 1, 2015</p></td>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">3.2</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#0000FF;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459019024064/life-ex31_7.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">8-K</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">001-37378</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">3.1</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">June 28, 2019</p></td>
</tr>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">3.3</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#0000FF;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459020024729/life-ex33_130.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">10-Q</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">001-37378</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">3.3</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">May 12, 2020</p></td>
</tr>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">3.4</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000119312515148013/d819057dex34.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;color:#0000FF;">Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_305"></a>S-1/A</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_306"></a>333-203272</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_307"></a>3.4</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_308"></a>April 27, 2015</p></td>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#000000;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">3.5</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#0000FF;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459017018196/life-ex31_6.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Class X Convertible Preferred Stock</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">8-K</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">001-37378</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">3.1</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">August 31, 2017</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#000000;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.1</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#0000FF;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000119312515148013/d819057dex41.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Specimen</font><font style="text-decoration:underline;color:#000000;"> </font><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Common</font><font style="text-decoration:underline;color:#000000;"> </font><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Stock</font><font style="text-decoration:underline;color:#000000;"> </font><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Certificate</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">S-1/A</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">333-203272</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.1</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">April 27, 2015</p></td>
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<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#000000;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.2</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#0000FF;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000119312515120170/d819057dex43.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Comerica Bank on March 18, 2011</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">S-1</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">333-203272</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.3</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">April 6, 2015</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#000000;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.3</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#0000FF;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000119312515120170/d819057dex44.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Silicon Valley Bank on July 24, 2013</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">S-1</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">333-203272</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.4</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">April 6, 2015</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#000000;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.4</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#0000FF;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459017004631/life-ex45_669.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Silicon Valley Bank on November 18, 2016</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#252525;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><font style="Background-color:#FFFFFF;">10-K</font></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#252525;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><font style="Background-color:#FFFFFF;">001-37378</font></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#252525;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><font style="Background-color:#FFFFFF;">4.5</font></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">March 16, 2017</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#000000;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.5</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#0000FF;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459017004631/life-ex46_668.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Solar Capital Ltd on November 18, 2016</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#252525;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><font style="Background-color:#FFFFFF;">10-K</font></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#252525;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><font style="Background-color:#FFFFFF;">001-37378</font></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#252525;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><font style="Background-color:#FFFFFF;">4.6</font></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">March 16, 2017</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#000000;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.6</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#0000FF;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459017017690/life-ex47_235.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Silicon Valley Bank on June 30, 2017</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">10-Q</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">001-37378</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.7</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">August 14, 2017</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#000000;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.7</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#0000FF;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459017017690/life-ex48_234.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Solar Capital Ltd on June 30, 2017</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">10-Q</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">001-37378</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.8</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">August 14, 2017</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.8</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#0000FF;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459018006333/life-ex48_470.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Silicon Valley Bank on December 22, 2017</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">10-K</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">001-37378</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#252525;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><font style="Background-color:#FFFFFF;">4.8</font></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">March 20, 2018</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">4.9</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#0000FF;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459018006333/life-ex49_469.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Solar Capital Ltd on December 22, 2017</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">10-K</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">001-37378</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#252525;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><font style="Background-color:#FFFFFF;">4.9</font></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">March 20, 2018</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">5.1 </p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="life-ex51_71.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Opinion of Cooley&nbsp;&nbsp;LLP</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#8212;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#8212;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#8212;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Filed herewith</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">23.1</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="life-ex51_71.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Consent of Cooley LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#8212;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#8212;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#8212;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Filed herewith</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:8.24%;white-space:nowrap;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">23.2</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;width:50.3%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="life-ex232_30.htm"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</font></a></p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.44%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#8212;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:11.54%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#8212;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:7.48%;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#8212;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="width:15%;">
<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Filed herewith</p></td>
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<tr>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">24.1</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="#POWEROFATTORNEY"><font style="text-decoration:underline;">Power of Attorney (included on the signature page hereto)</font></a></p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_531"></a>&#8212;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_532"></a>&#8212;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_533"></a>&#8212;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_cp_table_18_534"></a>Filed herewith</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">99.1</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1339970/000156459020023612/life-ex101_47.htm"><font style="font-size:10pt;text-decoration:underline;">aTyr Pharma Inc. 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended</font></a></p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">8-K</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">001-37378</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">10.1</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:8pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">May 8, 2020</p></td>
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<p style="margin-top:12pt;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<hr style="page-break-after:always;width:100%;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="_AEIOULastRenderedPageBreakAEIOU5"></a><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">SIGNATURES</font></p>
<p style="text-align:justify;margin-top:4pt;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of San Diego, State of California, this 17th day of August, 2020. </p>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:8pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:8pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:8pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:8pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">ATYR PHARMA, INC.</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:7pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">By:</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="margin-bottom:1pt;border-bottom:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">/s/ Sanjay S. Shukla</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#000000;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Sanjay S. Shukla, M.D., M.S.</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-style:italic;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">President and Chief Executive Officer</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-top:12pt;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;"><a name="POWEROFATTORNEY"></a>POWER OF ATTORNEY AND SIGNATURES</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;margin-top:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">We, the undersigned officers and directors of aTyr Pharma, Inc., hereby severally constitute and appoint Sanjay S. Shukla, M.D., M.S. and Jill M. Broadfoot, and each of them singly (with full power to each of them to act alone), our true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution in each of them for him and in his name, place and stead, and in any and all capacities, to sign for us and in our names in the capacities indicated below any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement on Form S-8, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite or necessary to be done in and about the premises, as full to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. </p>
<p style="text-align:justify;margin-top:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;text-indent:0%;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated below. </p>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;border-bottom:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-bottom:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Signature</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;border-bottom:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-bottom:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Title</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;border-bottom:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-bottom:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Date</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;border-bottom:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">/s/ Sanjay S. Shukla</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:10pt;;text-indent:-10pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">President, Chief Executive Officer and Director</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">August 17, 2020</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;color:#000000;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Sanjay S. Shukla, M.D., M.S.</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:10pt;;text-indent:-10pt;;font-style:italic;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">(Principal Executive Officer)</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;border-bottom:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">/s/ Jill M. Broadfoot </p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:10pt;;text-indent:-10pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Principal Financial and Accounting Officer</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">August 17, 2020</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Jill M. Broadfoot</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:10pt;;text-indent:-10pt;;font-style:italic;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td colspan="2" valign="middle"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td colspan="2" valign="middle"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;border-bottom:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">/s/ John K. Clarke</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:10pt;;text-indent:-10pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Chairman of the Board and Director</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">August 17, 2020</p></td>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">John K. Clarke</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td colspan="2" valign="middle"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td colspan="2" valign="middle"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;border-bottom:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">/s/ Jane A. Gross</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:10pt;;text-indent:-10pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Director</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">August 17, 2020</p></td>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Jane A. Gross, Ph.D.</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td colspan="2" valign="middle"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
<td colspan="2" valign="middle"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<tr>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt; border-bottom:solid 0.75pt #000000;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">/s/ Jeffrey S. Hatfield</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:10pt;;text-indent:-10pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Director</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt; border-bottom:solid 0.75pt transparent;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">August 17, 2020</p></td>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt; border-top:solid 0.75pt #000000;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Jeffrey S. Hatfield</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:10pt;;text-indent:-10pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:10pt;;text-indent:-10pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;border-bottom:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">/s/ Timothy P. Couglin</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:10pt;;text-indent:-10pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Director</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">August 17, 2020</p></td>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Timothy P. Coughlin</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:10pt;;text-indent:-10pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:1pt;border-bottom:Solid 0.75pt #000000;padding-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">/s/ Svetlana Lucas</p></td>
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<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">&#160;&#160;</p></td>
<td valign="top"  style="padding-left:0pt;padding-Right:0pt;padding-Top:0pt;padding-Bottom:0pt;">
<p style="margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:10pt;;text-indent:-10pt;;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;font-variant: normal;">Director</p></td>
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<p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-left:0pt;;text-indent:0pt;;font-size:10pt;">&nbsp;</p></td>
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[{"type": "S-8", "sequence": "1", "filename": "life-s8.htm", "description": "S-8", "secsgml_size_bytes": 132029}]
{"company-data": {"conformed-name": "aTYR PHARMA INC", "cik": "0001339970", "assigned-sic": "2836", "irs-number": "203435077", "state-of-incorporation": "DE", "fiscal-year-end": "1231"}, "filing-values": {"form-type": "S-8", "act": "33", "file-number": "333-248090", "film-number": "201111344"}, "business-address": {"street1": "3545 JOHN HOPKINS COURT, STE #250", "city": "SAN DIEGO", "state": "CA", "zip": "92121", "phone": "858-731-8389"}, "mail-address": {"street1": "3545 JOHN HOPKINS COURT, STE #250", "city": "SAN DIEGO", "state": "CA", "zip": "92121"}}
life-s8.htm
As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on August 17, 2020
Registration No. 333-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-8
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
ATYR PHARMA, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
20-3435077
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite #250
San Diego, CA 92121
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
ATYR PHARMA, INC. 2015 STOCK OPTION AND INCENTIVE PLAN, AS AMENDED
(Full title of the plans)
Sanjay S. Shukla, M.D., M.S.
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite #250
San Diego, CA 92121
(Name and address of agent for service)
(858) 731-8389
(Telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer,  a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer,"  "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company," in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
☐
Accelerated filer
☐
Non-accelerated filer
☒
Smaller reporting company
☒
Emerging growth company
☒
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.
☒
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of securities
to be registered
Amount
to be
registered(1)
Proposed
maximum
offering price
per share(2)
Proposed
maximum
aggregate
offering price(2)
Amount of
registration fee
Common stock, $0.001 par value per share
350,000 shares(3)
$       3.7155
$1,300,425
$169.00
(1)
Pursuant to Rule 416(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), this Registration Statement shall also cover any additional shares of the Registrant's Common Stock ("Common Stock") that become issuable under the aTyr Pharma, Inc. 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended (the "2015 Plan") by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization or other similar transaction.
(2)
This estimate is made pursuant to Rule 457(h)(1) and Rule 457(c) of the Securities Act solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee. The price per share and aggregate offering price are based upon the average of the high and low prices of the Common Stock on August 12, 2020, as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market.
(3)
Represents 350,000 additional shares of Common Stock reserved and available for issuance under the 2015 Plan, as approved by the Company's stockholders at its annual meeting on May 6, 2020 (the "2020 Annual Meeting").  At the 2020 Annual Meeting, the Company's stockholders approved an amendment to the 2015 Plan to increase the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock authorized for issuance under the 2015 Plan by 350,000 shares to 951,945 shares of Common Stock.
INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
This Registration Statement is being filed for the purpose of increasing the number of securities of the same class as other securities for which a Registration Statement of the Registrant on Form S-8 relating to the same employee benefit plan is effective.
The Registrant previously registered shares of its Common Stock for issuance under the 2015 Plan under Registration Statements on Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
May 7, 2015 (File No. 333-203955)
,
April 1, 2016 (File No. 333-210543)
,
March 22, 2017 (File No. 333-216880)
,
March 23, 2018 (333-223865)
, and
May 20, 2019 (File No. 333-231594)
. Pursuant to General Instruction E to Form S-8, this Registration Statement hereby incorporates by reference the contents of the Registration Statements referenced above.
Item 8. Exhibits
Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit
Number
Exhibit Title
Form
File No.
Exhibit
Filing Date
3.1
Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant
S-1/A
333-203272
3.2
May 1, 2015
3.2
Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant
8-K
001-37378
3.1
June 28, 2019
3.3
Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant
10-Q
001-37378
3.3
May 12, 2020
3.4
Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant
S-1/A
333-203272
3.4
April 27, 2015
3.5
Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Class X Convertible Preferred Stock
8-K
001-37378
3.1
August 31, 2017
4.1
Specimen
Common
Stock
Certificate
S-1/A
333-203272
4.1
April 27, 2015
4.2
Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Comerica Bank on March 18, 2011
S-1
333-203272
4.3
April 6, 2015
4.3
Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Silicon Valley Bank on July 24, 2013
S-1
333-203272
4.4
April 6, 2015
4.4
Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Silicon Valley Bank on November 18, 2016
10-K
001-37378
4.5
March 16, 2017
4.5
Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Solar Capital Ltd on November 18, 2016
10-K
001-37378
4.6
March 16, 2017
4.6
Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Silicon Valley Bank on June 30, 2017
10-Q
001-37378
4.7
August 14, 2017
4.7
Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Solar Capital Ltd on June 30, 2017
10-Q
001-37378
4.8
August 14, 2017
4.8
Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Silicon Valley Bank on December 22, 2017
10-K
001-37378
4.8
March 20, 2018
4.9
Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Solar Capital Ltd on December 22, 2017
10-K
001-37378
4.9
March 20, 2018
5.1
Opinion of Cooley  LLP
—
—
—
Filed herewith
23.1
Consent of Cooley LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
—
—
—
Filed herewith
23.2
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
—
—
—
Filed herewith
24.1
Power of Attorney (included on the signature page hereto)
—
—
—
Filed herewith
99.1
aTyr Pharma Inc. 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended
8-K
001-37378
10.1
May 8, 2020
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of San Diego, State of California, this 17th day of August, 2020.
ATYR PHARMA, INC.
By:
/s/ Sanjay S. Shukla
Sanjay S. Shukla, M.D., M.S.
President and Chief Executive Officer
POWER OF ATTORNEY AND SIGNATURES
We, the undersigned officers and directors of aTyr Pharma, Inc., hereby severally constitute and appoint Sanjay S. Shukla, M.D., M.S. and Jill M. Broadfoot, and each of them singly (with full power to each of them to act alone), our true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution in each of them for him and in his name, place and stead, and in any and all capacities, to sign for us and in our names in the capacities indicated below any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement on Form S-8, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite or necessary to be done in and about the premises, as full to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated below.
Signature
Title
Date
/s/ Sanjay S. Shukla
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
August 17, 2020
Sanjay S. Shukla, M.D., M.S.
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ Jill M. Broadfoot
Principal Financial and Accounting Officer
August 17, 2020
Jill M. Broadfoot
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
/s/ John K. Clarke
Chairman of the Board and Director
August 17, 2020
John K. Clarke
/s/ Jane A. Gross
Director
August 17, 2020
Jane A. Gross, Ph.D.
/s/ Jeffrey S. Hatfield
Director
August 17, 2020
Jeffrey S. Hatfield
/s/ Timothy P. Couglin
Director
August 17, 2020
Timothy P. Coughlin
/s/ Svetlana Lucas
Director
August 17, 2020
Svetlana Lucas, Ph.D.
/s/ Paul Schimmel
Director
August 17, 2020
Paul Schimmel, Ph.D.