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| Okay, good morning everybody. Hope you are doing |
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| 2 |
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| well after this weekend. Have some time to read |
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| 3 |
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| something about Sir Thomas Wyatt, his poem. Okay? |
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| 4 |
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| And, of course, like, having a good impression about |
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| 5 |
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| the previous class. So, as usual, let us start by |
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| listening to a report. Who's ready to read her |
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| 7 |
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| report? Who's willing to read her report? Okay? |
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| 8 |
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| Good. The last lecture was very formal, because |
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| 9 |
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| the cameras were *found*. All of us were not in |
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| 10 |
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| the normal state, including Dr. Akram. Anyway, Dr. |
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| 11 |
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| Akram wrote some part of the poem, which was not |
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| 12 |
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| written in the right way as a poem. It's called |
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| 13 |
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| Forty Love. We were surprised. Then he wrote |
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| another poem, which was so strange one. It's |
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| called An-An-Tee-Tee. So he asked us to put it in |
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| 16 |
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| a metrical language. One student did it, and all |
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| 17 |
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| of us started laughing. Then he read it like a |
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| 18 |
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| poem. It was a Chinese language. In fact, last |
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| 19 |
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| lecture was very funny, and it was a good start |
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| 20 |
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| to our day with that. OK, thank you very much. Now, |
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| 21 |
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| again, is anybody willing to? Yes? |
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| 22 |
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| So far, it's been a positive response. |
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| 23 |
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| But again, if you have a problem, you can |
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| 24 |
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| complain. It's not a big deal, you know? Okay. |
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| 25 |
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| Really it was an interesting lecture last week. I |
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| 26 |
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| admire the system of education by distance very |
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| 27 |
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| much. How it's beautiful to find my lecture when I |
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| 28 |
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| need it on my computer despite my feeling in |
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| 29 |
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| restriction because of *recording* devices in more |
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| 30 |
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| than one place. One of my happiness reasons also |
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| 31 |
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| the easiness of the poetry introduction that makes |
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| 32 |
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| me trust in the poetry material. Okay, thank you |
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| 33 |
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| very much. Next time, I'm going to ask randomly. |
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| 34 |
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| I'm not going to tell you who's willing, okay? |
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| 35 |
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| Now, what about, like, the poem? I mean, who's |
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| 36 |
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| lost a hand? What about the, |
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| 37 |
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| I mean, the poet himself, Sir Thomas Wyatt? I |
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| 38 |
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| think you had time to prepare and to write a |
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| 39 |
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| response. So I need somebody with a response, and |
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| 40 |
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| then I have to ask each student. |
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| 41 |
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| Who's ready to read a response? Yes, please. |
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| 42 |
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| When Dr. Habib asked us to write our first |
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| 43 |
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| response about our first gorgeous poem, Who's Lost |
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| 44 |
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| a Hunt, I knew that we were going to write about |
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| 45 |
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| our first impression when we read the poem for the |
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| 46 |
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| first time. At the same time, first impressions |
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| 47 |
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| differ widely, and it's very *unreal* to have a. I may |
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| 48 |
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| like the poem, but the other may not. I may enjoy |
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| 49 |
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| it, but my friend may not. All these questions |
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| 50 |
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| came to my mind and made me a little bit confused. |
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| 51 |
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| But the teacher said that the first impression may |
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| 52 |
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| differ from one person to another, but at the same |
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| 53 |
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| time there is one common understanding and |
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| 54 |
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| realization *that* comes after your realization to the |
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| 55 |
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| language and the use of the language and the |
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| 56 |
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| historical background about the poem and about |
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| 57 |
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| itself, himself. We are lucky to begin with one of |
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| 58 |
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| the best sonnets ever written by Wyatt, which is |
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| 59 |
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| "Who's Lost a Hunt." It's held by Wyatt's imitation for |
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| 60 |
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| the *line*, written by Petrarch, a 14th century |
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| 61 |
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| Italian poet. He describes a hunt where a deer is |
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| 62 |
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| birthed and ultimately owned by the royal who owns |
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| 63 |
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| the land. When I looked on the poems that the |
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| 64 |
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| teacher selected, I realized that they selected |
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| 65 |
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| poems *that* were the most common poems in certain ages. |
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| 66 |
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| For example, this poem written in the Elizabethan |
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| 67 |
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| age when the courtly love was one of the most |
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| 68 |
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| important themes. Courtly love could be defined as |
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| 69 |
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| unsuccessful love that exists between two unequal |
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| 70 |
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| sides, the lover from a non-upper class but the |
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| 71 |
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| lady from a high class. And it's worth mentioning |
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| 72 |
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| that Wyatt was succeeded in making his personal |
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| 73 |
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| experience and his personal feeling equal with |
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| 74 |
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| the public one. It reached our heart and which |
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| 75 |
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| made it a realistic one. The poem opens with a sort |
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| 76 |
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| of open invitation to hunters who wants to take a |
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| 77 |
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| capture hind. Furthermore, he describes that Anne |
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| 78 |
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| who she's the high class lady, became the |
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| 79 |
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| property of the king alone. He introduced the |
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| 80 |
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| sonnet, which is a form of lyrical poetry written |
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| 81 |
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| in a different shape. It's written in accordance |
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| 82 |
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| with a set of rules and it consists of 14 lines. |
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| 83 |
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| The first eight lines form one unit and the last |
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| 84 |
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| six, it's another. And it was introduced to |
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| 85 |
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| England by Wyatt. So he's considered the father of |
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| 86 |
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| English sonnet. Moreover, I liked the using of |
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| 87 |
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| figure of speech that the poet uses in his poem. |
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| 88 |
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| For instance, the using of *alliteration* in the |
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| 89 |
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| first, third, and the fifth lines, which add a |
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| 90 |
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| musical tone to the poem. Metaphors are also used, |
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| 91 |
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| which is a central figure of speech. When he |
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| 92 |
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| compares between a lady to a hand in the first |
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| 93 |
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| line, and when he compares between the task of |
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| 94 |
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| catching air to the task of catching a wind. |
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| 95 |
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| Another figurative device found in the poem is the |
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| 96 |
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| paradox, which is clearly seen at the end of the |
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| 97 |
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| poem. Here, Wyatt declares that although she's a |
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| 98 |
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| pure stem, it's dangerous to hold her as she is |
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| 99 |
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| wild. Talking about the rhyme in "Who's Lost a Hunt", |
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| 100 |
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| Wyatt uses a *iambic pentameter* in which a |
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| 101 |
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| line has five pairs of unstressed syllabus. To |
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| 102 |
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| conclude, I'd like to confess that the poem is |
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| 103 |
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| amazing and the poet succeeded in describing his |
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| 104 |
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| suffering and his sorrow, talking about one of the |
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| 105 |
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| most important themes in his age, which is |
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| 106 |
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| courtly love. Last but not least, I want to say |
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| 107 |
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| that he did succeed in ending it perfectly. Okay, |
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| 108 |
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| I think she is worth a big applause. |
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| 109 |
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| Thank you very much. This is a very, you know, |
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| 110 |
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| thorough, entire response, which makes up, like, |
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| 111 |
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| responsibility great. There have been many terms |
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| 112 |
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| that have been introduced, like the sonnet, |
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| 113 |
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| courtly love, rhyme, rhythm, you know, the poem, |
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| 114 |
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| the age. So this is what we are going to do today. |
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| 115 |
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| But again, as a point of entry, I would like to go |
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| 116 |
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| through your response, whether you liked the poem |
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| 117 |
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| or you didn't like the poem. Those who liked the |
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| 118 |
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| poem should say why. Those who didn't like, again, |
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| 119 |
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| they should justify why they didn't like it. |
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| 120 |
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| Okay, again, courtly love is, you know, an issue |
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| 121 |
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| which we have to explain, you know. But were you |
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| 122 |
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| happy with the poet? Like, you think he's a good |
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| 123 |
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| poet? Did you admire the poet? Did you? He's a |
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| 124 |
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| nice gentleman? Like, okay, the poet, I think in |
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| 125 |
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| the poem, Do you know what is it about? Like what |
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| 126 |
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| is it about? |
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| 127 |
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| Okay, is it about like a man hunting? Huh? No? |
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| 128 |
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| Why? You know, the poet declares from the very |
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| 129 |
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| beginning, who's supposed to hunt. I know *that* where is |
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| 130 |
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| a knight. So don't you think this is a hunting |
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| 131 |
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| position? Huh? You think *that* he is going to hunt |
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| 132 |
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| something? But when we read it after *adapting*, we |
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| 133 |
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| discover that he's talking about his mistress. OK. |
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| 134 |
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| So this is not about hunting, but rather it's |
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| 135 |
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| about something else. It's about the relationship |
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| 136 |
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| between a man and a woman. In this sense, this |
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| 137 |
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| kind of poetry or literature, we call it what? |
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| 138 |
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| Allegorical. OK. Thank you very much. It is |
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| 139 |
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| allegorical. *Allegory* means to speak in the |
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| 140 |
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| terms about something in the terms of something |
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| 141 |
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| else. This is what we call allegory. Okay? |
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| 142 |
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| Good. |
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| 143 |
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| Let's see someone else. |
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| 144 |
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| But again, we might say, |
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| 145 |
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| Why wasn't he very straightforward? Okay. So why? |
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| 146 |
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| We might think of an answer later. Good. Let's see |
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| 147 |
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| somebody else. Go ahead. Do you like the poem or |
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| 148 |
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| do you like the poem? Okay. |
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| 149 |
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| Let's see. What about the poet? Have you read |
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| 150 |
| 00:10:19,670 --> 00:10:22,570 |
| something about the poet? You mentioned the |
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| 151 |
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| sonnet. What is a sonnet? What is a sonnet? Yes? |
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| 152 |
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| Yes, so it is a poem formed of 14 lines. Now you |
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| 153 |
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| said like in her response she said Sir Thomas |
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| 154 |
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| Wyatt was the father of the English sonnet. What |
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| 155 |
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| does this mean? Like, was he the one who created |
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| 156 |
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| the sonnet? Was he? Yes? |
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| 157 |
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| Yeah, he brought it from Rome. Very good. He |
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| 158 |
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| brought *the* sonnet from Petrarch. |
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| 159 |
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| Petrarch was a famous Italian poet. And you know, |
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| 160 |
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| Sir Thomas Wyatt had the chance because he was an |
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| 161 |
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| ambassador. He was a courtier living in the court |
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| 162 |
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| of, you know, Henry VIII. He had the chance. He |
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| 163 |
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| had the chance to go to Rome, and he *translated*. |
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| 164 |
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| He met Petrarch. He translated some of his poems, |
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| 165 |
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| and he started to use, you know, this type of, you |
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| 166 |
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| know, or this form. in order to express a very |
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| 167 |
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| traditional English theme, which is courtly love. |
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| 168 |
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| Again, courtly love is a term which requires some |
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| 169 |
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| definition. What is courtly love? Because, you |
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| 170 |
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| know, I want you to understand *that* this is like a |
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| 171 |
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| theme which reflected the culture of the time. And |
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| 172 |
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| the culture of the time was a little bit masculine |
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| 173 |
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| culture. You know, courtly love was, you know, was |
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| 174 |
| 00:12:16,460 --> 00:12:20,920 |
| *a* type of poetry which was written by like |
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| 175 |
| 00:12:20,920 --> 00:12:29,080 |
| courtiers. Okay. So what is courtly love? Yes. I |
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| 176 |
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| think it is a traditional English game. Okay. With |
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| 177 |
| 00:12:33,820 --> 00:12:37,640 |
| a, with a man. They see a woman and fall in love |
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| 178 |
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| with her. He put himself in a room for two *court* |
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| 179 |
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| days. Yes. If the woman of his beloved accepted |
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| 180 |
| 00:12:47,570 --> 00:12:54,930 |
| him, he will write the best poem to express his |
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| 181 |
| 00:12:54,930 --> 00:13:01,110 |
| beloved. And if she rejected him, he will write |
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| 182 |
| 00:13:01,110 --> 00:13:04,910 |
| the best poem to express his family. That's it. |
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| 183 |
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| You know, yes, it is very traditional, very old |
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| 184 |
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| English theme, you know, and It was like Chaucer, |
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| 185 |
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| a 14th century. Have you heard of Chaucer? Chaucer |
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| 186 |
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| was, you know, the father of English literature. |
| |
| 187 |
| 00:13:25,380 --> 00:13:28,180 |
| He was writing courtly love and *before* him. And it |
| |
| 188 |
| 00:13:28,180 --> 00:13:30,740 |
| seems like courtly love was influenced by |
| |
| 189 |
| 00:13:30,740 --> 00:13:34,280 |
| troubadour poets who used to live in France and |
| |
| 223 |
| 00:16:34,530 --> 00:16:37,930 |
| Eight lines. Eight lines, and the sestet, we have? |
| |
| 224 |
| 00:16:37,950 --> 00:16:44,310 |
| Six lines. Six lines. And she mentioned, like, |
| |
| 225 |
| 00:16:45,530 --> 00:16:47,730 |
| that the Petrarchan sonnet was a little bit |
| |
| 226 |
| 00:16:47,730 --> 00:16:53,330 |
| distinguished for its rhyme scheme. When we are |
| |
| 227 |
| 00:16:53,330 --> 00:16:57,590 |
| talking about rhyme scheme, we have to look at the |
| |
| 228 |
| 00:16:57,590 --> 00:16:58,590 |
| poem in this way. |
| |
| 229 |
| 00:17:01,900 --> 00:17:05,360 |
| We have to look at the, you know, the last line. |
| |
| 230 |
| 00:17:08,420 --> 00:17:16,860 |
| And, so we should start with a. More, it's a new |
| |
| 231 |
| 00:17:16,860 --> 00:17:21,260 |
| rhyme. You see, it should be, should it be a if |
| |
| 232 |
| 00:17:21,260 --> 00:17:27,080 |
| no. And, you know, let's take the poem like this. |
| |
| 233 |
| 00:17:27,640 --> 00:17:27,940 |
| Sorry. |
| |
| 234 |
| 00:17:31,020 --> 00:17:35,420 |
| Because I want you to know how the right scheme is |
| |
| 235 |
| 00:17:35,420 --> 00:17:49,600 |
| taken. No problem. |
| |
| 236 |
| 00:17:57,980 --> 00:17:59,940 |
| Okay, so we failed. |
| |
| 237 |
| 00:18:04,520 --> 00:18:08,600 |
| Okay, so if we are talking about, we can do it in |
| |
| 238 |
| 00:18:08,600 --> 00:18:09,040 |
| this way. |
| |
| 239 |
| 00:18:19,320 --> 00:18:25,540 |
| Okay, "I'm" is the first sound. So if we go, it |
| |
| 240 |
| 00:18:25,540 --> 00:18:27,200 |
| should be given a sign A. |
| |
| 241 |
| 00:18:30,220 --> 00:18:35,960 |
| It is another one, so it should be B. Then we have |
| |
| 242 |
| 00:18:35,960 --> 00:18:41,180 |
| sore, which is exactly the same. So we have A, B, |
| |
| 243 |
| 00:18:41,620 --> 00:18:51,360 |
| B, and then A. Okay, so we have A, B, B, A, then |
| |
| 244 |
| 00:18:51,360 --> 00:18:58,390 |
| what? A, you know? B, B, A. So this is what we |
| |
| 245 |
| 00:18:58,390 --> 00:19:04,090 |
| call the octave. Okay? And now the system should |
| |
| 246 |
| 00:19:04,090 --> 00:19:07,430 |
| be assigned. |
| |
| 247 |
| 00:19:09,450 --> 00:19:12,790 |
| So we have one, two, three, four, five, six, |
| |
| 248 |
| 00:19:12,930 --> 00:19:17,890 |
| seven, eight. And now we have doubt. Okay? It |
| |
| 249 |
| 00:19:17,890 --> 00:19:29,580 |
| should be what? C, D, D, C. So C, D. C, D. Then we |
| |
| 250 |
| 00:19:29,580 --> 00:19:33,340 |
| have a new rhyme, which is E, E. So this is the |
| |
| 251 |
| 00:19:33,340 --> 00:19:36,600 |
| rhyme scheme of the Petrarchan Sonnet. I want you |
| |
| 252 |
| 00:19:36,600 --> 00:19:41,360 |
| to like, to be aware of the, because later, this |
| |
| 253 |
| 00:19:41,360 --> 00:19:45,520 |
| sonnet will not remain as it is. Henry Howard, |
| |
| 254 |
| 00:19:45,660 --> 00:19:50,880 |
| Earl of Surrey, will come and develop this form |
| |
| 255 |
| 00:19:50,880 --> 00:19:57,980 |
| and it will assume a purely English identity. Now, |
| |
| 256 |
| 00:19:58,680 --> 00:20:01,340 |
| identity, |
| |
| 257 |
| 00:20:02,560 --> 00:20:05,560 |
| nationalism, these are issues which, you know, we |
| |
| 258 |
| 00:20:05,560 --> 00:20:10,500 |
| might discuss when we are discussing the poem. I |
| |
| 259 |
| 00:20:10,500 --> 00:20:13,680 |
| don't want, like, to go far. Let's go back to the |
| |
| 260 |
| 00:20:13,680 --> 00:20:15,840 |
| poem. Have you read it aloud? I mean, the poem. |
| |
| 261 |
| 00:20:16,040 --> 00:20:19,080 |
| Have you read it aloud? How did it sound? |
| |
| 262 |
| 00:20:23,540 --> 00:20:24,100 |
| Okay. |
| |
| 263 |
| 00:20:27,740 --> 00:20:34,700 |
| So you started to feel with the poet. Okay. |
| |
| 264 |
| 00:20:37,260 --> 00:20:40,840 |
| So, I don't know, like, how you read it. |
| |
| 265 |
| 00:20:44,040 --> 00:20:47,680 |
| Did anybody, like, read the poem, like, in a |
| |
| 266 |
| 00:20:47,680 --> 00:20:51,720 |
| lyrical, in singing it? Like, who's lost a heart? |
| |
| 267 |
| 00:20:51,820 --> 00:20:58,820 |
| I know where is a nine. Or like So |
| |
| 268 |
| 00:20:58,820 --> 00:21:03,160 |
| it is available on the YouTube good and which one |
| |
| 269 |
| 00:21:03,160 --> 00:21:11,400 |
| like did you like the singing Okay both Okay |
| |
| 270 |
| 00:21:11,400 --> 00:21:18,020 |
| Okay, |
| |
| 271 |
| 00:21:18,020 --> 00:21:24,490 |
| so let me read it aloud for you and Who's lost a |
| |
| 272 |
| 00:21:24,490 --> 00:21:29,490 |
| hunt? I know where is a nine. But as for me, alas, |
| |
| 273 |
| 00:21:29,870 --> 00:21:33,890 |
| I may know more. The vain travel hath worried me |
| |
| 274 |
| 00:21:33,890 --> 00:21:38,270 |
| so sore. Among them that farthest comes behind. It |
| |
| 275 |
| 00:21:38,270 --> 00:21:41,810 |
| may I by no means my willed mind draw from the |
| |
| 276 |
| 00:21:41,810 --> 00:21:46,550 |
| deer. But as chief bee leaves a four, fainting I |
| |
| 277 |
| 00:21:46,550 --> 00:21:51,150 |
| follow. I leave after four. Since in a net I seek |
| |
| 278 |
| 00:21:51,150 --> 00:21:55,830 |
| to hold the wind. Who lost her hunt, I put him out |
| |
| 279 |
| 00:21:55,830 --> 00:22:00,230 |
| of doubt, as well as I may spend his time in vain. |
| |
| 280 |
| 00:22:00,750 --> 00:22:03,490 |
| And the graven with diamonds and letters plain, |
| |
| 281 |
| 00:22:04,190 --> 00:22:09,630 |
| there is written her fair neck round about, no |
| |
| 282 |
| 00:22:09,630 --> 00:22:14,130 |
| limit and jar for Caesar I am, and while for the |
| |
| 283 |
| 00:22:14,130 --> 00:22:22,450 |
| cold though I seem tame. Very sad, huh? Who's sad? |
| |
| 284 |
| 00:22:23,920 --> 00:22:26,920 |
| You or the poet? The poet. And you are not made |
| |
| 285 |
| 00:22:26,920 --> 00:22:33,340 |
| sad? Look at him. He's poor. He's impoverished. |
| |
| 286 |
| 00:22:34,200 --> 00:22:38,300 |
| He's abject. You understand abject? Very poor. |
| |
| 287 |
| 00:22:38,560 --> 00:22:41,460 |
| Because this is, you know, what should happen in |
| |
| 288 |
| 00:22:41,460 --> 00:22:47,480 |
| courtly love. We have a poet who's abject. Why? |
| |
| 289 |
| 00:22:47,620 --> 00:22:50,780 |
| Because of the cruelty of a lady. So it is the |
| |
| 290 |
| 00:22:50,780 --> 00:22:57,420 |
| lady Who causes all this misery for the poet? Why? |
| |
| 291 |
| 00:22:57,540 --> 00:23:02,560 |
| Because she's not compassionate. She doesn't |
| |
| 292 |
| 00:23:02,560 --> 00:23:07,400 |
| understand him. And she causes, I bet you don't |
| |
| 293 |
| 00:23:07,400 --> 00:23:11,500 |
| like this, of course. This is too much. But that's |
| |
| 294 |
| 00:23:11,500 --> 00:23:18,880 |
| what happened in Cordula. So a man wanted to |
| |
| 295 |
| 00:23:18,880 --> 00:23:24,850 |
| confirm you know, his masculinity. How? How can |
| |
| 296 |
| 00:23:24,850 --> 00:23:29,390 |
| you show yourself that you're a gentleman? Just by |
| |
| 297 |
| 00:23:29,390 --> 00:23:35,550 |
| contrasting yourself, you know, with a woman, |
| |
| 298 |
| 00:23:35,910 --> 00:23:38,570 |
| right? So we have here, if we have to look at the |
| |
| 299 |
| 00:23:38,570 --> 00:23:42,990 |
| man and assign some attributes to him, we'll find |
| |
| 300 |
| 00:23:42,990 --> 00:23:48,410 |
| him what? Give some attributes. He's gentle? Go |
| |
| 301 |
| 00:23:48,410 --> 00:23:55,290 |
| ahead. He's gentle, a bit sincere, noble, honest, |
| |
| 302 |
| 00:23:56,530 --> 00:23:58,650 |
| self-confident, |
| |
| 303 |
| 00:24:00,290 --> 00:24:05,330 |
| sensitive, and if you look at the lady, she's |
| |
| 304 |
| 00:24:05,330 --> 00:24:10,170 |
| what? She is beautiful, |
| |
| 305 |
| 00:24:12,770 --> 00:24:13,730 |
| arrogant, |
| |
| 306 |
| 00:24:16,020 --> 00:24:18,080 |
| You have to be responsible for every word. |
| |
| 307 |
| 00:24:18,220 --> 00:24:23,900 |
| Changeable? Like fickle? You know? What else? |
| |
| 308 |
| 00:24:24,120 --> 00:24:33,240 |
| Cruel? Why? Why is she cruel? Because she doesn't |
| |
| 309 |
| 00:24:33,240 --> 00:24:41,680 |
| reciprocate the poet's feelings. Okay. I think |
| |
| 310 |
| 00:24:41,680 --> 00:24:46,940 |
| if we read it in courtly love, we might not enjoy |
| |
| 311 |
| 00:24:46,940 --> 00:24:52,260 |
| the aesthetics of the poem. So let's look at the |
| |
| 312 |
| 00:24:52,260 --> 00:24:56,320 |
| poem, because I said that the culture of the time |
| |
| 313 |
| 00:24:56,320 --> 00:25:01,320 |
| before, we have to understand the poem in its |
| |
| 314 |
| 00:25:01,320 --> 00:25:05,900 |
| cultural and historical context. The 16th century |
| |
| 315 |
| 00:25:05,900 --> 00:25:10,250 |
| was an age of expansion, was an age of even |
| |
| 316 |
| 00:25:10,250 --> 00:25:14,450 |
| establishing its identity. Henry VIII, who took |
| |
| 317 |
| 00:25:14,450 --> 00:25:23,530 |
| power in 1519, was a very powerful king and he |
| |
| 318 |
| 00:25:23,530 --> 00:25:30,750 |
| wanted to establish the idea of Great Britain. So |
| |
| 319 |
| 00:25:30,750 --> 00:25:33,790 |
| he succeeded in getting Wales because Wales was |
| |
| 320 |
| 00:25:33,790 --> 00:25:40,990 |
| not part of the Great Britain, and even by fourth |
| |
| 321 |
| 00:25:40,990 --> 00:25:45,870 |
| island in order to have. So he became the monarch |
| |
| 322 |
| 00:25:45,870 --> 00:25:52,890 |
| of Great Britain. And during his time, England was |
| |
| 323 |
| 00:25:52,890 --> 00:25:56,790 |
| exposed to the Renaissance. And when I say |
| |
| 324 |
| 00:25:56,790 --> 00:26:02,190 |
| Renaissance, we talk about the |
| |
| 325 |
| 00:26:02,190 --> 00:26:06,180 |
| rebirth, the coming civilization. And of course, |
| |
| 326 |
| 00:26:07,020 --> 00:26:11,040 |
| Italy, I mean Rome, where the Pope was, it was the |
| |
| 327 |
| 00:26:11,040 --> 00:26:12,600 |
| center of Renaissance. |
| |
| 328 |
| 00:26:15,160 --> 00:26:18,840 |
| England also was powerful. It wanted to expand. |
| |
| 329 |
| 00:26:19,620 --> 00:26:23,020 |
| You know, the king, you know, had an army and a |
| |
| 330 |
| 00:26:23,020 --> 00:26:29,040 |
| fleet. So it was the age of chivalry, chivalry |
| |
| 331 |
| 00:26:29,040 --> 00:26:33,320 |
| like knighthood. It was the age of heroism because |
| |
| 332 |
| 00:26:33,620 --> 00:26:36,820 |
| If you want to expand, if you want to annex a new |
| |
| 333 |
| 00:26:36,820 --> 00:26:41,520 |
| land, you need heroes. So that was the culture of |
| |
| 334 |
| 00:26:41,520 --> 00:26:47,220 |
| the time. And as we said, heroism in that age, |
| |
| 335 |
| 00:26:48,040 --> 00:26:51,640 |
| unfortunately, was not distinguished without |
| |
| 336 |
| 00:26:51,640 --> 00:26:57,540 |
| something like courtly love. So courtly love was an |
| |
| 337 |
| 00:26:57,540 --> 00:27:00,760 |
| issue. You cannot prove yourself. You cannot be a |
| |
| 338 |
| 00:27:00,760 --> 00:27:03,480 |
| courtier and you cannot be influential until you |
| |
| 339 |
| 00:27:03,480 --> 00:27:07,300 |
| show that you are a courtly lover. |
| |
| 340 |
| 00:27:09,760 --> 00:27:15,120 |
| Of course, like Henry VIII was a controversial |
| |
| 341 |
| 00:27:15,120 --> 00:27:19,340 |
| king. He got married for six times. You know, |
| |
| 342 |
| 00:27:19,400 --> 00:27:25,500 |
| there were six queens, you know. And he first got |
| |
| 343 |
| 00:27:25,500 --> 00:27:31,320 |
| married to Catherine, who was the bride of his |
| |
| 344 |
| 00:27:31,320 --> 00:27:36,320 |
| brother Arthur. Then he got married to Anne |
| |
| 345 |
| 00:27:36,320 --> 00:27:40,160 |
| Boleyn, the one whom he fell in love with. And I |
| |
| 346 |
| 00:27:40,160 --> 00:27:44,020 |
| think Anne Boleyn is in the background of the |
| |
| 347 |
| 00:27:44,020 --> 00:27:49,620 |
| poem. But all these marriages had to be confirmed |
| |
| 348 |
| 00:27:49,620 --> 00:27:55,570 |
| by the Pope in Italy. The Pope had an upper hand. |
| |
| 349 |
| 00:27:56,070 --> 00:28:00,050 |
| So if he wanted to marry or to change anything, he |
| |
| 350 |
| 00:28:00,050 --> 00:28:04,130 |
| had to consult or the Pope in Rome had to give him |
| |
| 351 |
| 00:28:04,130 --> 00:28:09,110 |
| an agreement. But during his time, like later, he |
| |
| 352 |
| 00:28:09,110 --> 00:28:15,330 |
| succeeded in 1533 |
| |
| 353 |
| 00:28:15,330 --> 00:28:23,400 |
| to break up with the Catholic Church of Rome and |
| |
| 354 |
| 00:28:23,400 --> 00:28:27,100 |
| started to establish the, you know, or to |
| |
| 355 |
| 00:28:27,100 --> 00:28:31,260 |
| encourage the established church, which is of |
| |
| 356 |
| 00:28:31,260 --> 00:28:34,520 |
| England, which was Protestant. So they had some |
| |
| 357 |
| 00:28:34,520 --> 00:28:40,700 |
| differences with that, and he succeeded in fixing |
| |
| 358 |
| 00:28:40,700 --> 00:28:44,680 |
| the English identity. So the issue of identity, it |
| |
| 359 |
| 00:28:44,680 --> 00:28:48,340 |
| was there in politics, I mean, nationalism. It was |
| |
| 360 |
| 00:28:48,340 --> 00:28:52,920 |
| in politics. It was in, you know, religion. It was |
| |
| 361 |
| 00:28:52,920 --> 00:28:59,420 |
| even at social level. Okay. Now if we go to the |
| |
| 362 |
| 00:28:59,420 --> 00:29:03,240 |
| poem, because I don't want to deprive ourselves |
| |
| 363 |
| 00:29:03,240 --> 00:29:06,140 |
| from the aesthetics of the poem. Who's lost to |
| |
| 364 |
| 00:29:06,140 --> 00:29:12,040 |
| hunt? I know where is unarmed. It's a question |
| |
| 365 |
| 00:29:12,040 --> 00:29:20,360 |
| declaring that for people that whoever is |
| |
| 366 |
| 00:29:20,360 --> 00:29:28,350 |
| interested In finding a hind, a deer, I can tell |
| |
| 367 |
| 00:29:28,350 --> 00:29:36,330 |
| him. But as for me, alas, I may know more. So you |
| |
| 368 |
| 00:29:36,330 --> 00:29:40,950 |
| see here the poet is disinterested, is |
| |
| 369 |
| 00:29:40,950 --> 00:29:46,290 |
| disinterested in hunting. Why? So we ask why. And |
| |
| 370 |
| 00:29:46,290 --> 00:29:50,850 |
| we expect that you know, in the octave, he's going |
| |
| 371 |
| 00:29:50,850 --> 00:29:54,190 |
| to list the reasons. Why is he disinterested |
| |
| 372 |
| 00:29:54,190 --> 00:29:57,910 |
| according to the poem? Why is he disinterested? |
| |
| 373 |
| 00:30:01,170 --> 00:30:09,230 |
| Yes? Because he tries? Yeah, because sometimes |
| |
| 374 |
| 00:30:09,230 --> 00:30:12,230 |
| like when you try to hunt and you fail, you try to |
| |
| 375 |
| 00:30:12,230 --> 00:30:14,530 |
| hunt and you fail, you get bored and you get |
| |
| 376 |
| 00:30:14,530 --> 00:30:18,950 |
| disinterested. Good. But as for me, alas, I may |
| |
| 377 |
| 00:30:18,950 --> 00:30:24,870 |
| know more. I'm not going to do it again. Why? In |
| |
| 378 |
| 00:30:24,870 --> 00:30:29,670 |
| the third line, he's trying to say why. He's |
| |
| 379 |
| 00:30:29,670 --> 00:30:33,950 |
| trying to warrant his decision, to justify his |
| |
| 380 |
| 00:30:33,950 --> 00:30:38,970 |
| decision. He says, the veil travailed, which is a |
| |
| 381 |
| 00:30:38,970 --> 00:30:42,810 |
| French word, wearied me so sore. |
| |
| 382 |
| 00:30:46,340 --> 00:30:52,300 |
| exhausted me, like the efforts, the vain. What's |
| |
| 383 |
| 00:30:52,300 --> 00:30:56,340 |
| mean vain? At some point, it is very important to |
| |
| 384 |
| 00:30:56,340 --> 00:31:00,540 |
| understand the dictionary meaning of the words, |
| |
| 385 |
| 00:31:00,660 --> 00:31:03,200 |
| the prose meaning of the poem. So at this stage, |
| |
| 386 |
| 00:31:03,240 --> 00:31:07,200 |
| as you see, we are paraphrasing the poem and |
| |
| 387 |
| 00:31:07,200 --> 00:31:11,540 |
| paraphrasing the poem is only a step towards a |
| |
| 388 |
| 00:31:11,540 --> 00:31:15,380 |
| total appreciation or a total understanding of the |
| |
| 389 |
| 00:31:15,380 --> 00:31:23,410 |
| poem. The vein traveled without benefit. The vein |
| |
| 390 |
| 00:31:23,410 --> 00:31:28,710 |
| traveled without benefit. The vein traveled |
| |
| 391 |
| 00:31:28,710 --> 00:31:31,570 |
| without benefit. The vein traveled without |
| |
| 392 |
| 00:31:31,570 --> 00:31:32,190 |
| benefit. The vein traveled without benefit. The |
| |
| 393 |
| 00:31:32,190 --> 00:31:32,310 |
| without benefit. The vein traveled without |
| |
| 394 |
| 00:31:32,310 --> 00:31:32,370 |
| benefit. The vein traveled without benefit. The |
| |
| 395 |
| 00:31:32,370 --> 00:31:32,390 |
| without benefit. The vein traveled without |
| |
| 396 |
| 00:31:32,390 --> 00:31:32,410 |
| benefit. The vein traveled without benefit. The |
| |
| 397 |
| 00:31:32,410 --> 00:31:32,690 |
| vein traveled without benefit. The vein traveled |
| |
| 398 |
| 00:31:32,690 --> 00:31:35,510 |
| without benefit. The vein traveled without |
| |
| 399 |
| 00:31:35,510 --> 00:31:41,090 |
| benefit. The vein traveled without benefit. The |
| |
| 400 |
| 00:31:41,090 --> 00:31:46,440 |
| vein Yeah, there is a kind of alliteration, so |
| |
| 401 |
| 00:31:46,440 --> 00:31:50,340 |
| sore. Like somebody, this alliteration, so sore. |
| |
| 402 |
| 00:31:50,820 --> 00:31:56,080 |
| The vain travel has wearied me so sore. Somebody |
| |
| 403 |
| 00:31:56,080 --> 00:32:00,240 |
| like complaining against like this. It was very |
| |
| 404 |
| 00:32:00,240 --> 00:32:05,240 |
| painful. Among them, that farthest comes behind. |
| |
| 405 |
| 00:32:06,120 --> 00:32:12,370 |
| So, he is not going to be the first. in hunting, |
| |
| 406 |
| 00:32:12,770 --> 00:32:19,450 |
| but rather they lost. Yet may I by no means my |
| |
| 407 |
| 00:32:19,450 --> 00:32:23,490 |
| wearied mind draw from the deer. Again he's asking |
| |
| 408 |
| 00:32:23,490 --> 00:32:27,750 |
| question, do you think like I'm giving up because |
| |
| 409 |
| 00:32:27,750 --> 00:32:28,510 |
| of no reasons? |
| |
| 410 |
| 00:32:32,310 --> 00: |
| |
| 445 |
| 00:35:14,930 --> 00:35:20,170 |
| decision to quit, with his decision to leave. |
| |
| 446 |
| 00:35:21,550 --> 00:35:27,230 |
| Since in a net, I seek to hold the money. Wow, I |
| |
| 447 |
| 00:35:27,230 --> 00:35:31,230 |
| think this is self-explanatory. What a very |
| |
| 448 |
| 00:35:31,230 --> 00:35:34,850 |
| frustrating image, isn't it? Like if somebody is |
| |
| 449 |
| 00:35:34,850 --> 00:35:39,550 |
| trying to hold the wind in a net. How do you |
| |
| 450 |
| 00:35:39,550 --> 00:35:43,590 |
| describe this effort? If somebody is trying to |
| |
| 451 |
| 00:35:43,590 --> 00:35:43,890 |
| hold. |
| |
| 452 |
| 00:35:47,050 --> 00:35:51,050 |
| It's a waste of time. Very disappointing. Very |
| |
| 453 |
| 00:35:51,050 --> 00:35:53,690 |
| disappointing experience. Like somebody who is |
| |
| 454 |
| 00:35:53,690 --> 00:35:58,500 |
| trying to hold the wind. What? In a net. So do you |
| |
| 455 |
| 00:35:58,500 --> 00:36:03,780 |
| think it will be held? No. Okay. Since in a net, I |
| |
| 456 |
| 00:36:03,780 --> 00:36:10,240 |
| seek to hold the wind. It's impossible. Who's next |
| |
| 457 |
| 00:36:10,240 --> 00:36:16,180 |
| to hunt? I put, you know, him out of doubt. This |
| |
| 458 |
| 00:36:16,180 --> 00:36:20,600 |
| is the beginning of the system, the second part of |
| |
| 459 |
| 00:36:20,600 --> 00:36:26,460 |
| the poem. I put him out of a doubt, like the poet |
| |
| 460 |
| 00:36:26,460 --> 00:36:31,880 |
| is in a position to advise other people. He's |
| |
| 461 |
| 00:36:31,880 --> 00:36:37,760 |
| sagacious, very wise, and he was made sagacious by |
| |
| 462 |
| 00:36:37,760 --> 00:36:42,240 |
| his own experience, as well as I may spend his |
| |
| 463 |
| 00:36:42,240 --> 00:36:47,220 |
| time in vain. So the poet's personal experience |
| |
| 464 |
| 00:36:47,220 --> 00:36:54,260 |
| made him like in a position to advise other |
| |
| 465 |
| 00:36:54,260 --> 00:37:00,600 |
| people. He is going to spend his time in vain and |
| |
| 466 |
| 00:37:00,600 --> 00:37:04,540 |
| graven with diamonds and letters plain, there is |
| |
| 467 |
| 00:37:04,540 --> 00:37:09,060 |
| written her fair neck round about. I think this |
| |
| 468 |
| 00:37:09,060 --> 00:37:12,860 |
| line has some indication about the beauty. Because |
| |
| 469 |
| 00:37:12,860 --> 00:37:15,040 |
| you know, in courtly love, yes, as you mentioned, |
| |
| 470 |
| 00:37:15,600 --> 00:37:17,980 |
| the lady should be beautiful. |
| |
| 471 |
| 00:37:20,530 --> 00:37:25,230 |
| There is written, what is written? Her fair neck |
| |
| 472 |
| 00:37:25,230 --> 00:37:31,230 |
| round about, no limi tangere. Don't touch me. You |
| |
| 473 |
| 00:37:31,230 --> 00:37:35,170 |
| know, this is like in Latin, no limi tangere for |
| |
| 474 |
| 00:37:35,170 --> 00:37:38,790 |
| Caesar's ayat. And we understand who's Caesar. |
| |
| 475 |
| 00:37:39,590 --> 00:37:44,010 |
| Who's Caesar? Henry. So we are having a poet who |
| |
| 476 |
| 00:37:44,010 --> 00:37:48,710 |
| fell in love with the king you know, potential |
| |
| 477 |
| 00:37:48,710 --> 00:37:53,910 |
| wife or potential mistress. And that, you know, is |
| |
| 478 |
| 00:37:53,910 --> 00:37:56,870 |
| like very precarious, very dangerous. And perhaps |
| |
| 479 |
| 00:37:56,870 --> 00:38:01,370 |
| you might have read that, you know, he was put in |
| |
| 480 |
| 00:38:01,370 --> 00:38:04,670 |
| prison like because of this, you know, suspected |
| |
| 481 |
| 00:38:04,670 --> 00:38:07,510 |
| relation. There was, you know, some suspicion that |
| |
| 482 |
| 00:38:07,510 --> 00:38:11,170 |
| he was in relation, but there was no concrete |
| |
| 483 |
| 00:38:11,170 --> 00:38:14,850 |
| evidence of that relation. So he was put in the |
| |
| 484 |
| 00:38:14,850 --> 00:38:18,740 |
| tower, he was in prison. And Anne Boleyn herself, |
| |
| 485 |
| 00:38:19,120 --> 00:38:22,560 |
| who became the wife, was beheaded by the king. |
| |
| 486 |
| 00:38:23,200 --> 00:38:26,540 |
| She, you know, was executed by the king. Why? |
| |
| 487 |
| 00:38:26,620 --> 00:38:34,640 |
| Because she was accused of adultery. And wild for |
| |
| 488 |
| 00:38:34,640 --> 00:38:38,040 |
| to hold though I seem tame. Yeah, it's a paradox. |
| |
| 489 |
| 00:38:38,680 --> 00:38:44,520 |
| How come you are wild and tame? You know? And this |
| |
| 490 |
| 00:38:44,520 --> 00:38:48,990 |
| paradox shows or reflects the nature, the elusive |
| |
| 491 |
| 00:38:48,990 --> 00:38:53,070 |
| nature of that lady. So she's not attainable. |
| |
| 492 |
| 00:38:53,670 --> 00:38:57,910 |
| She's very elusive. It is difficult to catch her. |
| |
| 493 |
| 00:38:58,630 --> 00:39:03,490 |
| Now, today, like this is what I want to say today. |
| |
| 494 |
| 00:39:04,570 --> 00:39:08,670 |
| We have not read the poem as, you know, what we |
| |
| 495 |
| 00:39:08,670 --> 00:39:12,720 |
| said in the last lecture. So we talked a little |
| |
| 496 |
| 00:39:12,720 --> 00:39:15,980 |
| bit about the atmosphere, the general context of |
| |
| 497 |
| 00:39:15,980 --> 00:39:19,540 |
| the poem. Next time, we have to read to delve |
| |
| 498 |
| 00:39:19,540 --> 00:39:25,040 |
| deeper into the aesthetics and to see how the poet |
| |
| 499 |
| 00:39:25,040 --> 00:39:29,960 |
| was successful or was not successful. So what you |
| |
| 500 |
| 00:39:29,960 --> 00:39:33,320 |
| have to do again is to look at the poem, to look |
| |
| 501 |
| 00:39:33,320 --> 00:39:37,500 |
| at, you know, the figures of speech, to look at |
| |
| 502 |
| 00:39:37,500 --> 00:39:41,340 |
| certain, to look at the tone, the attitude, and |
| |
| 503 |
| 00:39:41,340 --> 00:39:45,320 |
| then We are going to talk about poetry by using |
| |
| 504 |
| 00:39:45,320 --> 00:39:50,300 |
| specialized language and general language. I hope |
| |
| 505 |
| 00:39:50,300 --> 00:39:55,600 |
| that, you know, you enjoy listening. If not, like |
| |
| 506 |
| 00:39:55,600 --> 00:39:57,520 |
| you can complain. But do you have any question |
| |
| 507 |
| 00:39:57,520 --> 00:40:00,680 |
| like before? Or do you want to add anything? Yes? |
| |
| 508 |
| 00:40:05,170 --> 00:40:09,110 |
| No, the Petrarchian Sonnet. We're talking about |
| |
| 509 |
| 00:40:09,110 --> 00:40:12,150 |
| Petrarchian Sonnet. The Petrarchian Sonnet |
| |
| 510 |
| 00:40:12,150 --> 00:40:19,770 |
| consists only of two, yes, two parts. Now I think |
| |
| 511 |
| 00:40:19,770 --> 00:40:24,030 |
| I left for you in the reader something about the |
| |
| 512 |
| 00:40:24,030 --> 00:40:29,090 |
| sonnet, so you have to study like what is the |
| |
| 513 |
| 00:40:29,090 --> 00:40:31,490 |
| Petrarchian Sonnet? You can read, what is the |
| |
| 514 |
| 00:40:31,490 --> 00:40:34,320 |
| Petrarchian Sonnet? What is the Shakespearean |
| |
| 515 |
| 00:40:34,320 --> 00:40:38,700 |
| sonnet? How this sonnet was developed? And how it |
| |
| 516 |
| 00:40:38,700 --> 00:40:44,240 |
| became or it assumed like a very British form? |
| |
| 517 |
| 00:40:45,560 --> 00:40:50,300 |
| Any other question? Thank you very much and see |
| |
| 518 |
| 00:40:50,300 --> 00:40:55,960 |
| you next time for a new lecture on the same topic. |
| |
| 519 |
| 00:40:56,420 --> 00:40:56,800 |
| Thank you. |
| |
| |