old_contents: # Time:  O(n)
  # Space: O(1)
  
  # We have some permutation A of [0, 1, ..., N - 1], where N is the length of A.
  # The number of (global) inversions is the number of i < j with 0 <= i < j < N and A[i] > A[j].
  # The number of local inversions is the number of i with 0 <= i < N and A[i] > A[i+1].
  # Return true if and only if the number of global inversions is equal to the number of local inversions.
  #
  # Example 1:
  #
  # Input: A = [1,0,2]
  # Output: true
  # Explanation: There is 1 global inversion, and 1 local inversion.
  # Example 2:
  #
  # Input: A = [1,2,0]
  # Output: false
  # Explanation: There are 2 global inversions, and 1 local inversion.
  #
  # Note:
  # - A will be a permutation of [0, 1, ..., A.length - 1].
  # - A will have length in range [1, 5000].
  # - The time limit for this problem has been reduced.
  
  class Solution(object):
      def isIdealPermutation(self, A):
          """
          :type A: List[int]
          :rtype: bool
          """
          return all(abs(v-i) <= 1 for i,v in enumerate(A))
   
  
new_contents: # Time:  O(n)
  # Space: O(1)
  
  # We have some permutation A of [0, 1, ..., N - 1], where N is the length of A.
  # The number of (global) inversions is the number of i < j with 0 <= i < j < N and A[i] > A[j].
  # The number of local inversions is the number of i with 0 <= i < N and A[i] > A[i+1].
  # Return true if and only if the number of global inversions is equal to the number of local inversions.
  #
  # Example 1:
  #
  # Input: A = [1,0,2]
  # Output: true
  # Explanation: There is 1 global inversion, and 1 local inversion.
  #
  # Example 2:
  #
  # Input: A = [1,2,0]
  # Output: false
  # Explanation: There are 2 global inversions, and 1 local inversion.
  #
  # Note:
  # - A will be a permutation of [0, 1, ..., A.length - 1].
  # - A will have length in range [1, 5000].
  # - The time limit for this problem has been reduced.
  
  class Solution(object):
      def isIdealPermutation(self, A):
          """
          :type A: List[int]
          :rtype: bool
          """
          return all(abs(v-i) <= 1 for i,v in enumerate(A))
   
  
subject: Update global-and-local-inversions.py