old_contents: #! /usr/bin/env python
  # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
  # vi:ts=4:et
  
  import pycurl
  import unittest
  import nose.tools
  
  from . import appmanager
  from . import util
  
  setup_module, teardown_module = appmanager.setup(('app', 8380))
  
  # NB: HTTP RFC requires headers to be latin1 encoded, which we violate.
  # See the comments under /header_utf8 route in app.py.
  
  class HeaderTest(unittest.TestCase):
      def setUp(self):
          self.curl = pycurl.Curl()
      
      def tearDown(self):
          self.curl.close()
      
      def test_ascii_string_header(self):
          self.check('x-test-header: ascii', 'ascii')
      
      def test_ascii_unicode_header(self):
          self.check(util.u('x-test-header: ascii'), 'ascii')
      
      # on python 2 unicode is accepted in strings because strings are byte strings
      @util.only_python3
      @nose.tools.raises(UnicodeEncodeError)
      def test_unicode_string_header(self):
          self.check('x-test-header: Москва', 'Москва')
      
      @nose.tools.raises(UnicodeEncodeError)
      def test_unicode_unicode_header(self):
          self.check(util.u('x-test-header: Москва'), util.u('Москва'))
      
      def test_encoded_unicode_header(self):
          self.check(util.u('x-test-header: Москва').encode('utf-8'), util.u('Москва'))
      
      def check(self, send, expected):
          self.curl.setopt(pycurl.URL, 'http://localhost:8380/header_utf8?h=x-test-header')
          sio = util.BytesIO()
          self.curl.setopt(pycurl.WRITEFUNCTION, sio.write)
          self.curl.setopt(pycurl.HTTPHEADER, [send])
          self.curl.perform()
          self.assertEqual(expected, sio.getvalue().decode('utf-8'))
  
new_contents: #! /usr/bin/env python
  # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
  # vi:ts=4:et
  
  import pycurl
  import unittest
  import nose.tools
  
  from . import appmanager
  from . import util
  
  setup_module, teardown_module = appmanager.setup(('app', 8380))
  
  # NB: HTTP RFC requires headers to be latin1 encoded, which we violate.
  # See the comments under /header_utf8 route in app.py.
  
  class HeaderTest(unittest.TestCase):
      def setUp(self):
          self.curl = pycurl.Curl()
      
      def tearDown(self):
          self.curl.close()
      
      def test_ascii_string_header(self):
          self.check('x-test-header: ascii', 'ascii')
      
      def test_ascii_unicode_header(self):
          self.check(util.u('x-test-header: ascii'), 'ascii')
      
      # on python 2 unicode is accepted in strings because strings are byte strings
      @util.only_python3
      @nose.tools.raises(UnicodeEncodeError)
      def test_unicode_string_header(self):
          self.check('x-test-header: Москва', 'Москва')
      
      @nose.tools.raises(UnicodeEncodeError)
      def test_unicode_unicode_header(self):
          self.check(util.u('x-test-header: Москва'), util.u('Москва'))
      
      def test_encoded_unicode_header(self):
          self.check(util.u('x-test-header: Москва').encode('utf-8'), util.u('Москва'))
      
      def check(self, send, expected):
          # check as list and as tuple, because they may be handled differently
          self.do_check([send], expected)
          self.do_check((send,), expected)
      
      def do_check(self, send, expected):
          self.curl.setopt(pycurl.URL, 'http://localhost:8380/header_utf8?h=x-test-header')
          sio = util.BytesIO()
          self.curl.setopt(pycurl.WRITEFUNCTION, sio.write)
          self.curl.setopt(pycurl.HTTPHEADER, send)
          self.curl.perform()
          self.assertEqual(expected, sio.getvalue().decode('utf-8'))
  
subject: Check that headers can be given in a tuple