old_contents: from __future__ import unicode_literals
  
  from django.db import models
  
  
  class EmailAddressManager(models.Manager):
  
      def add_email(self, user, email, **kwargs):
          confirm = kwargs.pop("confirm", False)
          email_address = self.create(user=user, email=email, **kwargs)
          if confirm and not email_address.verified:
              email_address.send_confirmation()
          return email_address
  
      def get_primary(self, user):
          try:
              return self.get(user=user, primary=True)
          except self.model.DoesNotExist:
              return None
  
      def get_users_for(self, email):
          # this is a list rather than a generator because we probably want to
          # do a len() on it right away
          return [address.user for address in self.filter(verified=True, email=email)]
  
  
  class EmailConfirmationManager(models.Manager):
  
      def delete_expired_confirmations(self):
          for confirmation in self.all():
              if confirmation.key_expired():
                  confirmation.delete()
  
new_contents: from __future__ import unicode_literals
  
  from django.db import models
  
  
  class EmailAddressManager(models.Manager):
  
      def add_email(self, user, email, **kwargs):
          confirm = kwargs.pop("confirm", False)
          email_address, __ = self.get_or_create(user=user, email=email, default=kwargs)
          if confirm and not email_address.verified:
              email_address.send_confirmation()
          return email_address
  
      def get_primary(self, user):
          try:
              return self.get(user=user, primary=True)
          except self.model.DoesNotExist:
              return None
  
      def get_users_for(self, email):
          # this is a list rather than a generator because we probably want to
          # do a len() on it right away
          return [address.user for address in self.filter(verified=True, email=email)]
  
  
  class EmailConfirmationManager(models.Manager):
  
      def delete_expired_confirmations(self):
          for confirmation in self.all():
              if confirmation.key_expired():
                  confirmation.delete()
  
subject: Use get_or_create instead of just create