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README.md
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---
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license: cc-by-4.0
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task_categories:
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- other
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- time-series-forecasting
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tags:
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- weather
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- meteorology
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- wrf
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- severe-weather
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- netcdf
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- cf-conventions
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- climate
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- atmospheric-science
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- simulation
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- high-resolution
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size_categories:
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- 1K<n<10K
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pretty_name: WRF 250m Severe Weather Simulations (NetCDF4)
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---
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# WRF 250m Severe Weather Simulations — CF-Compliant NetCDF4
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18 high-resolution (250m) WRF-ARW severe weather simulations in standard CF-compliant NetCDF4 format. Ready for immediate use with xarray, MetPy, Panoply, QGIS, GrADS, NCL, CDO, and any CF-aware tool.
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This is the NetCDF4 version of [wrf-250m-severe-weather-overlays](https://huggingface.co/datasets/deepguess/wrf-250m-severe-weather-overlays). Same data, standard format.
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## Quick Start
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```python
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import xarray as xr
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ds = xr.open_dataset("carr_fire.nc")
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print(ds)
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# Plot composite reflectivity at timestep 200
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ds["refc"].isel(time=200).plot(cmap="turbo", vmin=-10, vmax=75)
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# Time series at a point
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ds["t2m"].sel(y=400, x=400).plot()
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```
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## Events
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| File | Event | Category | Date | Location | Timesteps |
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|------|-------|----------|------|----------|-----------|
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| `buffalo_blizzard.nc` | Buffalo Blizzard | winter | 2022-12-23 | Buffalo, NY | 14 |
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| `ca_atmos_river.nc` | CA Atmospheric River | flooding | 2021-12-30 | Northern California | 421 |
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| `ca_pineapple_express.nc` | CA Pineapple Express 2023 | flooding | 2023-01-04 | California | 421 |
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| `camp_fire.nc` | Camp Fire | wildfire | 2018-11-08 | Paradise, CA | 418 |
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| `carr_fire.nc` | Carr Fire | wildfire | 2018-07-23 | Redding, CA | 421 |
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| `death_valley.nc` | Death Valley Record Heat | heat | 2020-08-16 | Death Valley, CA | 357 |
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| `denver_hail.nc` | Denver Hailstorm | hail | 2024-05-31 | Denver, CO | 421 |
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| `enderlin_ef5.nc` | Enderlin EF5 Tornado | tornado | 2025-06-21 | Enderlin, ND | 359 |
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| `la_fires.nc` | LA Fires | wildfire | 2020-09-06 | Los Angeles, CA | 421 |
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| `la_fires_peak.nc` | LA Fires Peak 2025 | wildfire | 2025-01-07 | Los Angeles, CA | 421 |
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| `mayfield.nc` | Mayfield EF4 Tornado | tornado | 2021-12-11 | Mayfield, KY | 22 |
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| `michael.nc` | Hurricane Michael | hurricane | 2018-10-10 | Panama City, FL | 34 |
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| `nashville.nc` | Nashville EF3 Tornado | tornado | 2020-03-03 | Nashville, TN | 42 |
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| `pineapple_express.nc` | Pineapple Express | flooding | 2024-02-04 | Southern California | 418 |
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| `pnw_windstorm.nc` | PNW Windstorm | wind | 2020-09-08 | Pacific Northwest | 360 |
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| `seattle_heat_dome.nc` | Seattle Heat Dome | heat | 2021-06-28 | Seattle, WA | 21 |
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| `sfbay.nc` | SF Bay Area Fires | wildfire | 2020-09-06 | San Francisco Bay Area, CA | 421 |
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| `tx_freeze.nc` | Texas Freeze | winter | 2021-02-16 | Texas | 22 |
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**Total: 5,014 timesteps across 18 events** at 1-minute resolution, 800x800 grid (250m).
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## Variables
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| Variable | CF standard_name | Units | Description |
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|----------|-----------------|-------|-------------|
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| `t2m` | `air_temperature` | degC | 2m Temperature |
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| `u10` | `eastward_wind` | m s⁻¹ | 10m U-wind |
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| `v10` | `northward_wind` | m s⁻¹ | 10m V-wind |
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| `wind_speed_10m` | `wind_speed` | m s⁻¹ | 10m Wind Speed |
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| `wind_direction_10m` | `wind_from_direction` | degree | 10m Wind Direction |
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| `surface_pressure` | `surface_air_pressure` | hPa | Surface Pressure |
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| `pblh` | `atmosphere_boundary_layer_thickness` | m | PBL Height |
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| `hfx` | `surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux` | W m⁻² | Sensible Heat Flux |
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| `lh` | `surface_upward_latent_heat_flux` | W m⁻² | Latent Heat Flux |
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| `rain_rate` | `lwe_precipitation_rate` | mm hr⁻¹ | Rain Rate |
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| `refc` | — | dBZ | Composite Reflectivity |
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| `wspd10max` | — | m s⁻¹ | Max 10m Wind Gust |
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| `w_up_max` | — | m s⁻¹ | Max Updraft Speed |
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| `w_dn_max` | — | m s⁻¹ | Max Downdraft Speed |
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| `updraft_helicity` | — | m² s⁻² | Max Updraft Helicity 2-5km |
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| `hail_max` | — | mm | Max Hail Diameter |
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All variables include `grid_mapping = "lambert_conformal_conic"` and `coordinates = "lat lon"` for proper geospatial referencing.
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## Format Details
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- **Format**: NetCDF4 / HDF5 with CF-1.8 conventions
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- **Dimensions**: `time` (unlimited) × `y` (800) × `x` (800)
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- **Coordinates**: 2D `lat(y,x)` and `lon(y,x)` arrays (Lambert Conformal grid)
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- **Projection**: Lambert Conformal Conic — per-event parameters in `lambert_conformal_conic` variable and `wrf_config.json`
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- **Compression**: zlib level 4, chunked (1, 800, 800) per variable — one timestep per chunk
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- **Data type**: float32
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## WRF Configuration
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Each event was run with WRF-ARW v4.7.1 at 250m resolution (d03 domain). Full WRF namelist parameters are in `wrf_config.json`, keyed by event name. Key settings:
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- **Grid**: 800 × 800, dx=dy=250m
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- **Vertical**: 81 levels, hybrid coordinates
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- **Microphysics**: Thompson (MP=8)
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- **Radiation**: RRTMG (RA=4)
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- **Adaptive timestep**: 1-2s
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## Tools That Work Out of the Box
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- **Python**: xarray, MetPy, netCDF4, scipy
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- **Desktop**: Panoply, ncview, QGIS
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- **Command line**: CDO, NCO, ncdump
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- **Languages**: NCL, GrADS, MATLAB, R (ncdf4), Julia (NCDatasets.jl)
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## Citation
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```bibtex
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@dataset{wrf_250m_severe_2025,
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title={WRF 250m Severe Weather Simulations},
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author={Fahrenheit Research},
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year={2025},
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url={https://huggingface.co/datasets/deepguess/wrf-250m-severe-weather-netcdf4},
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license={CC-BY-4.0}
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}
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```
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## License
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CC-BY-4.0
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