Mouse embryonic fibroblasts exhibiting disruption or overexpression of IGF-1R ( R- cells and R+ cells ) were used to examine the level of apoptosis , autophagy , and production of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) .
B-OrganismTaxon O O O O O O O B-GeneOrGeneProduct O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B-ChemicalEntity I-ChemicalEntity I-ChemicalEntity O B-ChemicalEntity O O