No, there isn't really a way to mark it as not recommended. 
The best we can do is mark the road as having no sidewalk/bikelane and then map the alternative routes that have sidewalks/bikelanes.

If there are tags on the road that indicate no sidewalk/bikelane, the routing software will penalize this road. Essentially the software will multiple the travel time by some number to make this route less favorable. But that only works if the alternative road is about the same travel time.