def a(x):
   '''
   x: int or float.
   '''
   return x + 1
 

def b(x):
   '''
   x: int or float.
   '''
   return x + 1.0


def c(x, y):
   '''
   x: int or float. 
   y: int or float.
   '''
   return x + y
 
def d(x, y):
   '''
   x: Can be of any type.
   y: Can be of any type.
   '''
   return x > y

def e(x, y, z):
   '''
   x: Can be of any type.
   y: Can be of any type.
   z: Can be of any type.
   '''
   return x >= y and x <= z

def f(x, y):
   '''
   x: int or float.
   y: int or float
   '''
   x + y - 2

print "a(6): %d " % a(6)
print "a(-5.3): %d" % a(-5.3)
print "a(a(a(6))): %d" % a(a(a(6)))
print "c(a(1), b(1)): %d" % c(a(1), b(1))
print "d('apple', 11.1): %d" % d('apple', 11.1)
print "e(a(3), b(4), c(3, 4)): %d" %e(a(3), b(4), c(3, 4)) 
