x = "hello world, after full stop"
z = "      hello world, after full stop     a"
V = "HELLO WORLD,"
print(x.capitalize())
print(x.split())
print(x.upper())
print(x.lower())


# indexing
print(x[0])
print(x[0:7])
print(x)
print(x.strip())
print(x.lstrip())
print(x.rstrip())
print(V.islower())
print(x.isupper())
print(x.replace("h", "S"))
print(x.split(" "))
