b = "Hello, World!"
print(b[2:5]) # Output: "llo"
print(len(b))

a = "Hello, World!"
print(len(a))
print(a.lower())
print(a.upper())
print(a.replace('H','J'))
print(a.split(","))


txt="It is raining outside and I am feeling cold"
x= "ain" in txt
y= "ain" not in txt

print(x)
print(y)

a="Sachisma"
b="Tripathy"
c=a+b
print(c)


