"""
MicroPython Nokia 5110 PCD8544 84x48 LCD driver
https://github.com/mcauser/micropython-pcd8544

MIT License
Copyright (c) 2016 Mike Causer

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
"""

from micropython import const
from ustruct import pack
from utime import sleep_us

# Function set 0010 0xxx
FUNCTION_SET     = const(0x20)
POWER_DOWN       = const(0x04)
ADDRESSING_VERT  = const(0x02)
EXTENDED_INSTR   = const(0x01)

# Display control 0000 1x0x
DISPLAY_BLANK    = const(0x08)
DISPLAY_ALL      = const(0x09)
DISPLAY_NORMAL   = const(0x0c)
DISPLAY_INVERSE  = const(0x0d)

# Temperature control 0000 01xx
TEMP_COEFF_0     = const(0x04)
TEMP_COEFF_1     = const(0x05)
TEMP_COEFF_2     = const(0x06) # default
TEMP_COEFF_3     = const(0x07)

# Bias system 0001 0xxx
BIAS_1_100       = const(0x10)
BIAS_1_80        = const(0x11)
BIAS_1_65        = const(0x12)
BIAS_1_48        = const(0x13)
BIAS_1_40        = const(0x14) # default
BIAS_1_24        = const(0x15)
BIAS_1_18        = const(0x16)
BIAS_1_10        = const(0x17)

# Set operation voltage
SET_VOP          = const(0x80)

# DDRAM addresses
COL_ADDR         = const(0x80) # x pos (0~83)
BANK_ADDR        = const(0x40) # y pos, in banks of 8 rows (0~5)

class PCD8544:
    def __init__(self, spi, cs, dc, rst=None):
        self.width  = 84
        self.height = 48

        self.spi    = spi
        self.cs     = cs   # chip enable, active LOW
        self.dc     = dc   # data HIGH, command LOW
        self.rst    = rst  # reset, active LOW

        self.cs.init(self.cs.OUT, value=1)
        self.dc.init(self.dc.OUT, value=0)

        if self.rst:
            self.rst.init(self.rst.OUT, value=1)
        self.reset()
        self.init()

    def init(self, horizontal=True, contrast=0x3f, bias=BIAS_1_40, temp=TEMP_COEFF_2):
        # power up, horizontal addressing, basic instruction set
        self.fn = FUNCTION_SET

        # switch to vertical addressing
        if not horizontal:
            self.fn |= ADDRESSING_VERT

        self.contrast(contrast, bias, temp)
        self.cmd(DISPLAY_NORMAL)
        self.clear()

    def reset(self):
        # issue reset impulse to reset the display
        self.rst(1)
        sleep_us(100)
        self.rst(0)
        sleep_us(100) # reset impulse has to be >100 ns and <100 ms
        self.rst(1)
        sleep_us(100)

    def power_on(self):
        self.cs(1)
        self.fn &= ~POWER_DOWN
        self.cmd(self.fn)

    def power_off(self):
        self.fn |= POWER_DOWN
        self.cmd(self.fn)

    def contrast(self, contrast=0x3f, bias=BIAS_1_40, temp=TEMP_COEFF_2):
        for cmd in (
            # extended instruction set is required to set temp, bias and vop
            self.fn | EXTENDED_INSTR,
            # set temperature coefficient
            temp,
            # set bias system (n=3 recommended mux rate 1:40/1:34)
            bias,
            # set contrast with operating voltage (0x00~0x7f)
            # 0x00 = 3.00V, 0x3f = 6.84V, 0x7f = 10.68V
            # starting at 3.06V, each bit increments voltage by 0.06V at room temperature
            SET_VOP | contrast,
            # revert to basic instruction set
            self.fn & ~EXTENDED_INSTR):
            self.cmd(cmd)

    def invert(self, invert):
        self.cmd(DISPLAY_INVERSE if invert else DISPLAY_NORMAL)

    def clear(self):
        # clear DDRAM, reset x,y position to 0,0
        self.data([0] * (self.height * self.width // 8))
        self.position(0, 0)

    def position(self, x, y):
        # set cursor to column x (0~83), bank y (0~5)
        self.cmd(COL_ADDR | x) # set x pos (0~83)
        self.cmd(BANK_ADDR | y) # set y pos (0~5)

    def cmd(self, command):
        self.dc(0)
        self.cs(0)
        self.spi.write(bytearray([command]))
        self.cs(1)

    def data(self, data):
        self.dc(1)
        self.cs(0)
        self.spi.write(pack('B'*len(data), *data))
        self.cs(1)
