Los judíos polacos y rusos, al menos al inicio de la era comunista, solían ser súbditos leales del Estado comunista, porque prometía (resultó ser que falsamente) protegerlos de la violencia de los nacionalistas antisemitas.
Polish and Russian Jews, at least at the beginning of the communist era, were often loyal subjects of the communist state, because it promised (falsely, as it turned out) to protect them against the violence of anti-Semitic nationalists.