Datasets:

electricsheepafrica
/

africa-synth-cancer-arsenic-groundwater-health-senegal

record_id string	scenario string	year int64	setting string	age int64	sex string	is_child int64	water_source string	litres_per_day float64	water_arsenic_ugL float64	above_who_10 int64	above_50 int64	exposure_years int64	cumulative_dose_mg float64	water_tested int64	safe_alternative_available int64	uses_safe_alternative int64	urine_arsenic_ugL float64	elevated_urine_as int64	melanosis int64	keratosis int64	skin_lesion int64	skin_cancer int64	any_cancer int64	cardiovascular int64	diabetes int64	neuropathy int64	child_cognitive int64	adverse_pregnancy int64	malnourished int64	fluoride_coexposure int64	iron_coexposure int64
GEO-00000	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,022	rural	48	female	0	borehole	1.5	28.1	1	0	8	119.7	0	0	0	28.6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
GEO-00001	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,020	peri_urban	22	female	0	surface_water	2.2	10.9	1	0	12	102.6	1	0	0	8.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00002	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,014	peri_urban	48	female	0	piped	2.9	5.4	0	0	11	64	0	0	0	5.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00003	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,020	rural	4	female	1	shallow_well	3	48	1	0	13	675.8	1	0	0	48.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00004	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,022	peri_urban	29	female	0	borehole	2.2	17.6	1	0	4	56.8	0	0	0	10.7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00005	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,016	rural	11	female	1	surface_water	1.8	10.6	1	0	16	110	0	0	0	3.6	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00006	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,023	peri_urban	25	male	0	shallow_well	3.8	20.1	1	0	4	110.8	0	1	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00007	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,019	rural	46	male	0	surface_water	1.7	20	1	0	14	172.4	0	0	0	15.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00008	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,012	peri_urban	34	female	0	piped	3.3	6.3	0	0	4	30.4	1	0	0	13.6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00009	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,024	rural	26	male	0	surface_water	2.6	63.7	1	1	10	613.8	0	0	0	83.7	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00010	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,012	peri_urban	31	male	0	shallow_well	1.6	11	1	0	13	84.4	0	0	0	6	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00011	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,022	peri_urban	11	male	1	borehole	2.9	16	1	0	8	135.4	0	0	0	21.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00012	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,017	urban	68	female	0	surface_water	1.3	8.7	0	0	11	46.6	0	0	0	3.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00013	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,014	rural	15	female	0	borehole	1.6	17.8	1	0	11	111.9	0	0	0	9.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1
GEO-00014	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,011	rural	53	male	0	borehole	2.5	25	1	0	6	139.2	1	0	0	81.2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00015	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,010	urban	3	female	1	surface_water	1.6	9.7	0	0	11	63	0	0	0	5.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00016	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,018	rural	66	male	0	borehole	2.2	23.6	1	0	4	77.2	0	0	0	20.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00017	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,018	peri_urban	22	female	0	borehole	3.1	21	1	0	15	359.3	0	0	0	19.5	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00018	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,014	rural	22	female	0	borehole	3.4	43.7	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	33.6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00019	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,012	rural	41	male	0	piped	3.2	26.6	1	0	11	336.8	0	0	0	9.5	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00020	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,016	urban	50	female	0	borehole	4.4	20.7	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	13.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00021	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,015	urban	39	male	0	surface_water	2.5	9.7	0	0	12	108.5	0	0	0	3.9	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00022	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,020	rural	32	male	0	shallow_well	1.5	6.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
GEO-00023	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,012	rural	59	female	0	surface_water	2	3.9	0	0	5	14.3	0	0	0	6.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00024	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,013	urban	23	female	0	shallow_well	2.8	34.8	1	0	16	562	0	0	0	39.6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00025	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,014	rural	19	female	0	shallow_well	2.8	11.6	1	0	2	23.4	0	0	0	5.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00026	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,019	peri_urban	29	female	0	borehole	2.2	66.3	1	1	4	215.6	0	0	0	45.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00027	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,015	peri_urban	46	female	0	borehole	2.3	37.9	1	0	8	251.3	0	0	0	18.6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00028	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,024	peri_urban	24	female	0	piped	2.3	11	1	0	9	81.4	0	0	0	9.8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00029	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,017	rural	61	female	0	shallow_well	3.8	17.9	1	0	5	122.9	0	1	1	3.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00030	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,020	peri_urban	38	male	0	shallow_well	3	35.6	1	0	12	472.2	0	0	0	20.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00031	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,020	rural	51	male	0	borehole	2	41.3	1	0	10	298.3	0	1	1	2.9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00032	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,021	rural	19	female	0	surface_water	1.5	18.8	1	0	19	198.9	0	0	0	4.2	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00033	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,011	rural	23	female	0	surface_water	2.9	3.2	0	0	12	40.1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00034	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,010	rural	23	male	0	shallow_well	2.2	87.1	1	1	4	276.1	0	0	0	241.3	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00035	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,023	rural	45	male	0	piped	3.1	65.6	1	1	10	732.4	0	1	0	13.9	0	1	0	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00036	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,017	urban	34	female	0	borehole	2.4	5.2	0	0	1	4.7	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1
GEO-00037	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,023	rural	42	female	0	piped	3.2	17.7	1	0	16	326.5	0	0	0	7.9	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1
GEO-00038	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,014	rural	18	female	0	borehole	2.3	9.7	0	0	9	73.6	0	0	0	3.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1
GEO-00039	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,018	rural	6	male	1	piped	1.7	9.2	0	0	15	84.3	0	0	0	3.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00040	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,012	urban	37	male	0	borehole	1.2	3.2	0	0	15	21	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00041	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,019	urban	55	female	0	borehole	3	37.5	1	0	16	659.6	0	0	0	33	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00042	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,012	peri_urban	42	female	0	surface_water	2.5	13.9	1	0	18	225.3	0	1	0	8.6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0
GEO-00043	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,014	peri_urban	15	male	0	shallow_well	3.5	68.5	1	1	9	794.3	0	0	0	46.8	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
GEO-00044	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,016	peri_urban	39	female	0	borehole	3.7	8.6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00045	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,023	urban	18	male	0	borehole	4	18.4	1	0	19	505.9	0	0	0	10.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00046	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,017	rural	35	male	0	borehole	2.8	36.9	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	9.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00047	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,018	rural	34	male	0	shallow_well	3.1	26.5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	13.9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00048	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,024	rural	40	male	0	shallow_well	0.5	5.2	0	0	5	4.8	0	0	0	3.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00049	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,022	rural	23	male	0	surface_water	1.5	16	1	0	4	34.5	0	0	0	13.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00050	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,015	rural	59	male	0	borehole	1.8	27.9	1	0	7	128.7	0	0	0	15.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00051	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,019	rural	33	male	0	borehole	2.7	56.3	1	1	12	658.5	0	0	0	27.3	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00052	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,015	peri_urban	75	female	0	piped	3.8	11.3	1	0	4	62.5	0	1	0	5.8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00053	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,024	rural	16	male	0	shallow_well	1.4	37.5	1	0	12	224.7	0	0	0	35	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00054	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,020	rural	61	male	0	piped	2.4	13.8	1	0	13	158.1	0	0	0	13.6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
GEO-00055	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,013	peri_urban	5	male	1	shallow_well	2.5	19.5	1	0	8	144.4	0	0	0	14.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00056	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,015	urban	38	female	0	borehole	2.1	25	1	0	14	265.1	0	0	0	22.5	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00057	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,021	peri_urban	36	female	0	shallow_well	3.7	28.7	1	0	12	462	0	0	0	15.7	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00058	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,012	rural	6	male	1	borehole	3.6	328	1	1	7	2,979.2	0	1	1	51	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
GEO-00059	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,019	rural	49	female	0	surface_water	3.5	63.8	1	1	12	972.1	0	0	0	75.4	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00060	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,018	urban	36	female	0	borehole	2.2	34.5	1	0	5	139.3	0	1	1	3.6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00061	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,011	rural	58	male	0	piped	2.4	10	1	0	18	160.1	0	0	0	4.3	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00062	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,016	urban	61	female	0	borehole	1.6	17.9	1	0	8	81.1	0	0	0	6.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00063	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,021	peri_urban	21	male	0	borehole	2.8	7.5	0	0	14	108	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00064	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,011	rural	70	male	0	shallow_well	3.7	9.5	0	0	3	38.3	0	0	0	5.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00065	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,019	rural	31	female	0	borehole	1.4	4.8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2.8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00066	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,024	rural	45	male	0	surface_water	1.6	16.2	1	0	11	101.2	0	1	1	2.8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00067	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,017	rural	20	female	0	shallow_well	2	50.8	1	1	9	333.5	0	0	0	55.6	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00068	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,019	peri_urban	62	female	0	borehole	2.8	14.1	1	0	10	144.2	1	0	0	10.5	0	1	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00069	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,014	rural	27	female	0	shallow_well	3.2	5.9	0	0	6	41.1	0	0	0	3.7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00070	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,016	rural	13	female	1	surface_water	2.8	25.2	1	0	19	493.1	1	0	0	6.2	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00071	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,013	rural	48	male	0	borehole	3.2	32	1	0	12	449	0	1	0	97.7	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00072	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,010	urban	11	male	1	borehole	4	38.3	1	0	8	451	0	0	0	19.7	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00073	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,011	urban	52	female	0	surface_water	2.8	3.4	0	0	9	32	0	0	0	2.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00074	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,011	rural	41	male	0	surface_water	3.7	9.1	0	0	12	147.1	0	0	0	7.9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00075	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,020	rural	27	female	0	surface_water	3.5	52.5	1	1	5	336.4	0	0	0	56.4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00076	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,014	peri_urban	48	female	0	borehole	1.8	5.6	0	0	11	40.5	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00077	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,017	rural	44	female	0	piped	3.7	9	0	0	21	253.6	0	0	0	6.7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00078	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,020	peri_urban	31	male	0	borehole	1.3	17.5	1	0	18	153.2	0	0	0	11.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00079	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,019	peri_urban	28	female	0	piped	1.6	19.2	1	0	4	44.3	0	0	0	25.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00080	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,014	rural	44	male	0	borehole	1.2	30.3	1	0	6	76.6	0	0	0	5.7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
GEO-00081	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,017	rural	44	female	0	shallow_well	1.6	157.5	1	1	5	450.8	0	0	0	54.1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00082	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,015	rural	6	male	1	surface_water	2.2	4.3	0	0	6	20.6	0	0	0	4.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00083	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,024	rural	48	male	0	borehole	2.3	34.2	1	0	9	261	0	0	0	20.9	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
GEO-00084	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,021	rural	51	male	0	shallow_well	1.4	6.9	0	0	9	31.4	0	0	0	5.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00085	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,013	rural	44	female	0	surface_water	2.2	19.5	1	0	8	125.1	0	1	0	16.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00086	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,023	peri_urban	63	male	0	surface_water	1.5	7	0	0	10	39	0	0	0	8.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00087	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,018	rural	31	female	0	surface_water	3.5	24.5	1	0	8	251.9	0	0	0	18.6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00088	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,017	urban	40	female	0	borehole	1.2	28.3	1	0	12	151.4	0	0	0	30.7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0
GEO-00089	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,024	rural	6	female	1	piped	2.6	3.2	0	0	12	36.9	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00090	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,020	rural	32	female	0	borehole	3	22.5	1	0	4	99.1	0	0	0	9.8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1
GEO-00091	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,012	peri_urban	25	female	0	shallow_well	2.4	24.3	1	0	8	172.3	0	0	0	25.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00092	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,020	urban	24	female	0	borehole	3.2	12.3	1	0	6	86.5	0	0	0	14.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
GEO-00093	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,020	rural	16	male	0	borehole	3.2	10.8	1	0	24	299.8	0	0	0	4.9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00094	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,019	peri_urban	49	female	0	shallow_well	1.7	46.9	1	0	16	469.7	0	0	0	33.8	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	1
GEO-00095	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,020	rural	29	male	0	piped	1	15.5	1	0	9	49	0	0	0	2.9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00096	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,018	peri_urban	1	female	1	borehole	3	11.2	1	0	13	159.8	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00097	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,016	peri_urban	18	male	0	borehole	3.2	6.3	0	0	3	22.2	0	0	0	1.9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
GEO-00098	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,014	rural	43	female	0	borehole	3.3	35.8	1	0	3	130.9	0	0	0	50.2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1
GEO-00099	geogenic_sahel_hotspot	2,013	peri_urban	23	female	0	surface_water	1	29.3	1	0	19	210.6	0	0	0	27.1	0	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

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⚠️ Synthetic dataset — Parameterized from published SSA literature, not real observations. Not suitable for empirical analysis or policy inference.

Arsenic in Groundwater & Health in Sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract

Synthetic dataset modelling arsenic exposure from contaminated groundwater, biomarker levels, and health outcomes across three hydrogeological scenarios in SSA. WHO estimates 140 million people in 70+ countries drink water with arsenic >10 µg/L. In SSA, geogenic arsenic occurs in Sahel crystalline aquifers (Burkina Faso), mining-affected areas (Ghana), and Rift Valley volcanic formations. Long-term exposure causes skin lesions, skin/bladder/lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and child cognitive impairment.

Scenarios

Geogenic Sahel Hotspot: Burkina Faso-type crystalline rock aquifers with natural arsenic release; ~40% exceed WHO guideline.
Mining-Affected Area: Ghana Tarkwa-type gold mining belt with combined anthropogenic and geogenic contamination; ~50% exceed WHO guideline.
Rift Valley Volcanic: East African Rift volcanic geology with moderate arsenic and co-occurring fluoride.

Parameterization Evidence

Parameter	Value	Source	Year
140M people in 70+ countries drink water >10 µg/L As	Global burden	WHO Fact Sheet	2023
94-220M at risk globally	Risk estimate	WHO / statistical modelling	2023
Arsenic = IARC Group 1 carcinogen	Classification	IARC	2012
Skin lesions after ~5 years exposure; precursor to skin cancer	Health effects	WHO	2023
Burkina Faso: elevated As in 1,498 groundwater samples	SSA data	ScienceDirect (Burkina Faso study)	2017
Ghana: 15.8% of population exposed in certain basins	SSA data	ScienceDirect (Ghana hazard model)	2024
Tarkwa mining area: elevated As in drinking water/urine	Mining exposure	PubMed 17084882	2006
Meru County Kenya: As in groundwater linked to skin cancer	East Africa	EU Open Science (2024)	2024
CVD, diabetes, cognitive effects with chronic exposure	Chronic disease	WHO	2023

Validation

The 8-panel validation report covers: water arsenic distributions with WHO guideline overlay, exceedance rates, skin effects, dose-response scatter, cancer/chronic disease, water source distribution, testing/mitigation practices, and urine arsenic biomarker distributions.

Usage

from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("electricsheepafrica/arsenic-groundwater-health", "geogenic_sahel_hotspot")

Limitations

Synthetic data; not for clinical decision-making.
Arsenic concentrations modelled as log-normal; real spatial variability is complex.
Cancer latency simplified; does not capture multi-decade exposure windows.
Most SSA countries lack routine arsenic monitoring, limiting real-world validation.

References

WHO. Arsenic Fact Sheet. 2023.
IARC. Arsenic and arsenic compounds. Monographs, Vol 100C. 2012.
Groundwater arsenic contamination in Burkina Faso, West Africa. Sci Total Environ, 2017.
Estimating groundwater geogenic arsenic contamination in Ghana. ScienceDirect, 2024.
Contamination status of arsenic in drinking water in Tarkwa, Ghana. PubMed 17084882, 2006.
PLOS ONE. Arsenic in drinking water: analysis of global drinking water regulations. 2022.

Citation

@dataset{electricsheepafrica_arsenic_groundwater_health_2025,
  title={Arsenic in Groundwater and Health in Sub-Saharan Africa},
  author={Electric Sheep Africa},
  year={2025},
  publisher={HuggingFace},
  url={https://huggingface.co/datasets/electricsheepafrica/arsenic-groundwater-health}
}

License

CC-BY-4.0

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