Datasets:

electricsheepafrica
/

africa-synth-mental-health-cadmium-kidney-disease-all

record_id string	scenario string	year int64	setting string	age int64	sex string	exposure_source string	is_occupational int64	exposure_years int64	smoking int64	urine_cd_ug_g_creat float64	blood_cd_ugL float64	elevated_urine_cd int64	elevated_blood_cd int64	proteinuria int64	b2_microglobulin_elevated int64	nag_elevated int64	reduced_egfr int64	ckd_stage string	kidney_stones int64	calcium_loss int64	bone_pain int64	lung_effects int64	soil_cd_mgkg float64	crop_cd_exceedance int64	biomonitoring_done int64	soil_tested int64	kidney_screening int64	any_health_effect int64
MIN-00000	mining_smelting_community	2,022	mining_town	51	female	mining_occupational	1	4	0	2.73	2.47	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	11.01	0	0	0	1	0
MIN-00001	mining_smelting_community	2,022	peri_urban	37	male	mixed	0	11	0	2.65	3.44	1	1	1	1	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.49	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00002	mining_smelting_community	2,017	mining_town	49	male	smoking	0	4	0	2.07	2.87	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	5.85	1	1	0	0	0
MIN-00003	mining_smelting_community	2,021	rural_adjacent	32	female	mining_occupational	1	20	0	7.51	0.91	1	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.92	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00004	mining_smelting_community	2,014	mining_town	47	male	contaminated_food	0	9	0	5.73	2.08	1	1	0	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	7.03	1	0	0	0	1
MIN-00005	mining_smelting_community	2,017	mining_town	33	female	smelter_community	1	3	1	2.39	4.77	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	8.38	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00006	mining_smelting_community	2,017	mining_town	46	female	mining_occupational	1	3	0	2.31	2.87	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	5.67	1	0	0	0	0
MIN-00007	mining_smelting_community	2,011	peri_urban	30	female	contaminated_food	0	3	0	2.94	1.03	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	20.23	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00008	mining_smelting_community	2,014	mining_town	33	male	mining_occupational	1	18	0	3.09	1.34	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	9.95	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00009	mining_smelting_community	2,016	rural_adjacent	52	male	mixed	0	14	0	3.39	1.69	1	1	1	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	5.59	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00010	mining_smelting_community	2,020	mining_town	46	female	mining_occupational	1	4	0	12.86	7.03	1	1	1	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.79	0	0	1	0	1
MIN-00011	mining_smelting_community	2,012	peri_urban	18	female	contaminated_food	0	4	1	4.03	6.5	1	1	0	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.98	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00012	mining_smelting_community	2,024	mining_town	43	female	mining_occupational	1	12	0	25.47	7.71	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	1	11.63	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00013	mining_smelting_community	2,019	rural_adjacent	73	male	smelter_community	1	18	0	0.88	1.04	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	38.21	1	0	0	0	0
MIN-00014	mining_smelting_community	2,015	mining_town	51	male	mining_occupational	1	11	1	4.35	3.2	1	1	1	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	5	0	1	0	0	1
MIN-00015	mining_smelting_community	2,014	peri_urban	45	male	smelter_community	1	13	1	13.43	4.39	1	1	0	1	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	6.01	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00016	mining_smelting_community	2,018	rural_adjacent	18	male	contaminated_food	0	13	1	1.31	4.57	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.97	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00017	mining_smelting_community	2,023	peri_urban	57	female	smoking	0	14	0	2.77	2.6	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	8.65	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00018	mining_smelting_community	2,021	mining_town	18	male	mixed	0	8	0	5.79	1.64	1	1	0	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.17	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00019	mining_smelting_community	2,021	rural_adjacent	64	female	mixed	0	15	1	16.81	4.68	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	5.89	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00020	mining_smelting_community	2,012	rural_adjacent	24	male	smoking	0	7	0	4.11	4.15	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	25.5	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00021	mining_smelting_community	2,010	peri_urban	18	male	smelter_community	1	7	0	5.29	2.95	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	1	5.51	1	0	1	0	1
MIN-00022	mining_smelting_community	2,012	rural_adjacent	52	female	contaminated_food	0	10	1	10.1	1.13	1	1	0	1	0	0	none	1	0	0	0	4.1	0	0	0	1	1
MIN-00023	mining_smelting_community	2,013	mining_town	38	female	contaminated_food	0	6	1	1.63	2.2	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	1.9	0	0	0	1	0
MIN-00024	mining_smelting_community	2,023	peri_urban	53	male	mining_occupational	1	5	0	4.9	2.23	1	1	0	1	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.96	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00025	mining_smelting_community	2,017	mining_town	41	male	smelter_community	1	6	0	3.43	3.02	1	1	0	1	1	0	none	0	1	0	0	10.84	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00026	mining_smelting_community	2,020	mining_town	34	female	smelter_community	1	12	0	4.17	5.91	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	6.76	0	0	0	1	0
MIN-00027	mining_smelting_community	2,023	mining_town	35	male	mining_occupational	1	17	0	2.69	0.76	1	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	1.75	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00028	mining_smelting_community	2,022	mining_town	46	female	smelter_community	1	12	1	9.79	4.61	1	1	1	1	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	4.37	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00029	mining_smelting_community	2,017	peri_urban	34	male	mixed	0	14	0	5.79	1.81	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	2.8	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00030	mining_smelting_community	2,021	mining_town	24	female	smelter_community	1	14	0	4.42	8.48	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	2.68	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00031	mining_smelting_community	2,013	mining_town	51	male	mixed	0	15	0	1.12	2.4	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	1.81	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00032	mining_smelting_community	2,023	peri_urban	22	female	mixed	0	16	0	1.38	1.51	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	5.95	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00033	mining_smelting_community	2,010	rural_adjacent	32	female	smelter_community	1	1	0	2.22	5.37	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	6.84	0	1	0	0	0
MIN-00034	mining_smelting_community	2,021	rural_adjacent	27	female	smoking	0	13	0	10.99	1.92	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	1	0	0	0	3.75	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00035	mining_smelting_community	2,023	mining_town	18	male	mining_occupational	1	10	1	8.29	5.14	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	4.53	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00036	mining_smelting_community	2,016	rural_adjacent	67	male	smelter_community	1	5	0	4.5	1.48	1	1	0	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.93	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00037	mining_smelting_community	2,018	peri_urban	51	female	mining_occupational	1	4	0	4.61	10.44	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	12.01	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00038	mining_smelting_community	2,013	peri_urban	62	female	mixed	0	13	0	7.41	0.65	1	0	1	1	1	1	none	0	0	0	0	4.21	1	0	0	0	1
MIN-00039	mining_smelting_community	2,013	mining_town	36	male	mining_occupational	1	16	0	3.47	2.2	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	4.67	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00040	mining_smelting_community	2,014	mining_town	51	male	smelter_community	1	14	1	8.09	3.35	1	1	0	1	1	0	none	1	0	0	0	10.08	0	0	0	1	1
MIN-00041	mining_smelting_community	2,023	peri_urban	47	female	mixed	0	12	0	1.57	8.55	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	9.1	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00042	mining_smelting_community	2,015	mining_town	45	male	mining_occupational	1	8	0	13.18	7.05	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	6.6	0	0	1	1	1
MIN-00043	mining_smelting_community	2,024	peri_urban	40	female	mixed	0	10	0	3.11	1.6	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	4.59	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00044	mining_smelting_community	2,019	peri_urban	45	female	smoking	0	18	0	1.31	2.06	0	1	0	1	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.51	1	0	0	0	1
MIN-00045	mining_smelting_community	2,012	rural_adjacent	32	male	mixed	0	13	0	0.66	0.82	0	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	11.7	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00046	mining_smelting_community	2,023	rural_adjacent	26	male	mining_occupational	1	23	1	23.58	3.83	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	9.07	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00047	mining_smelting_community	2,013	mining_town	44	male	mining_occupational	1	14	0	5.92	1.39	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.76	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00048	mining_smelting_community	2,024	peri_urban	18	male	mining_occupational	1	10	0	3.42	2.86	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	1	1	0	3.7	1	0	0	0	1
MIN-00049	mining_smelting_community	2,013	mining_town	35	female	contaminated_food	0	6	0	1.04	3.16	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.23	1	0	0	0	0
MIN-00050	mining_smelting_community	2,023	mining_town	45	male	mining_occupational	1	17	0	10.86	3.43	1	1	1	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	18.67	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00051	mining_smelting_community	2,012	rural_adjacent	57	female	mining_occupational	1	15	0	3.27	4.39	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.9	1	0	0	0	1
MIN-00052	mining_smelting_community	2,017	mining_town	47	male	mining_occupational	1	20	0	20.52	2.5	1	1	0	1	0	0	none	0	0	0	1	1.92	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00053	mining_smelting_community	2,012	mining_town	38	male	mixed	0	6	0	8.36	1.95	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	5.87	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00054	mining_smelting_community	2,023	peri_urban	49	female	contaminated_food	0	17	0	14.4	5.5	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	8.9	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00055	mining_smelting_community	2,012	mining_town	50	female	contaminated_food	0	14	0	10.91	1.85	1	1	0	1	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.95	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00056	mining_smelting_community	2,018	peri_urban	34	female	mining_occupational	1	11	0	8.93	2.82	1	1	0	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	8.79	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00057	mining_smelting_community	2,020	mining_town	27	female	mixed	0	6	0	1.31	2.21	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	14.01	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00058	mining_smelting_community	2,016	mining_town	33	female	mining_occupational	1	11	0	5.01	5.95	1	1	1	0	0	1	none	0	0	0	0	12.59	0	0	0	1	1
MIN-00059	mining_smelting_community	2,012	rural_adjacent	40	female	contaminated_food	0	3	0	5.86	2.12	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.16	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00060	mining_smelting_community	2,024	mining_town	56	male	mining_occupational	1	15	0	6.08	1.11	1	1	0	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	4.23	1	0	0	0	1
MIN-00061	mining_smelting_community	2,018	mining_town	46	male	smelter_community	1	10	1	4.24	10.85	1	1	1	1	0	0	none	0	0	0	1	4.45	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00062	mining_smelting_community	2,021	peri_urban	18	male	mining_occupational	1	12	1	7.62	2.98	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	8.15	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00063	mining_smelting_community	2,013	mining_town	34	male	smoking	0	6	0	24.3	7.37	1	1	1	1	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	4.71	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00064	mining_smelting_community	2,018	mining_town	52	female	mining_occupational	1	11	0	2.73	3.11	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	8.45	1	0	0	0	1
MIN-00065	mining_smelting_community	2,013	mining_town	20	male	mining_occupational	1	11	0	2.06	1.63	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	4.39	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00066	mining_smelting_community	2,020	mining_town	59	female	smoking	0	14	0	1.72	3.42	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	7.43	1	0	0	0	0
MIN-00067	mining_smelting_community	2,024	mining_town	44	female	mining_occupational	1	15	1	17.85	8.07	1	1	0	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	1.41	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00068	mining_smelting_community	2,019	peri_urban	44	female	smelter_community	1	16	0	13.8	1.87	1	1	0	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	2.78	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00069	mining_smelting_community	2,010	rural_adjacent	34	female	contaminated_food	0	12	1	18.83	4.66	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	5.22	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00070	mining_smelting_community	2,019	mining_town	33	female	smelter_community	1	13	0	1.01	1.68	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	0.84	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00071	mining_smelting_community	2,024	peri_urban	58	male	smelter_community	1	4	0	2.06	3.19	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	1	0	0	0	1.77	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00072	mining_smelting_community	2,016	peri_urban	43	male	contaminated_food	0	2	1	9.42	1.22	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	6.94	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00073	mining_smelting_community	2,017	mining_town	32	female	mixed	0	13	0	7.21	2.34	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	1	0	0	6.93	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00074	mining_smelting_community	2,017	mining_town	18	male	mining_occupational	1	14	0	9.98	5.28	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	4.92	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00075	mining_smelting_community	2,024	peri_urban	18	male	smelter_community	1	1	0	9.37	1.3	1	1	0	1	0	0	none	0	1	0	0	18.41	1	0	0	0	1
MIN-00076	mining_smelting_community	2,014	mining_town	36	male	mining_occupational	1	16	0	5.85	2.49	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	2.75	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00077	mining_smelting_community	2,016	rural_adjacent	36	male	smelter_community	1	13	0	6.7	4.34	1	1	0	1	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	5.9	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00078	mining_smelting_community	2,018	mining_town	45	female	mining_occupational	1	11	1	32.85	9.31	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	1	0	0	0	3.79	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00079	mining_smelting_community	2,016	peri_urban	54	female	smelter_community	1	14	0	3.61	1.16	1	1	0	1	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	1.03	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00080	mining_smelting_community	2,024	mining_town	65	male	contaminated_food	0	12	0	6.46	1.54	1	1	1	0	0	1	none	0	0	0	0	3.23	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00081	mining_smelting_community	2,021	rural_adjacent	22	female	mining_occupational	1	19	1	4.44	5.06	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	9.36	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00082	mining_smelting_community	2,018	peri_urban	18	female	contaminated_food	0	10	0	2.5	4.78	1	1	1	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	6.21	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00083	mining_smelting_community	2,022	rural_adjacent	26	female	mixed	0	17	0	3.22	5.67	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	6.59	1	0	0	0	0
MIN-00084	mining_smelting_community	2,022	peri_urban	29	male	smoking	0	11	0	3.91	1.53	1	1	0	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	8.33	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00085	mining_smelting_community	2,016	rural_adjacent	21	male	contaminated_food	0	0	1	13.41	3.42	1	1	0	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	9.67	1	0	0	0	1
MIN-00086	mining_smelting_community	2,020	peri_urban	45	male	smelter_community	1	13	0	1.51	2.42	0	1	1	0	0	1	none	0	0	0	0	5.73	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00087	mining_smelting_community	2,014	mining_town	29	male	mining_occupational	1	1	0	1.92	3.54	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	11.04	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00088	mining_smelting_community	2,015	peri_urban	42	male	smoking	0	18	0	7.54	2.51	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.62	1	0	0	0	0
MIN-00089	mining_smelting_community	2,019	mining_town	29	female	mining_occupational	1	15	0	2.9	0.98	1	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	26.58	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00090	mining_smelting_community	2,011	mining_town	40	male	smoking	0	11	0	3.89	3.27	1	1	0	1	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	4.11	1	0	0	0	1
MIN-00091	mining_smelting_community	2,011	mining_town	31	male	smelter_community	1	17	1	1.52	1.64	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.61	1	0	1	0	0
MIN-00092	mining_smelting_community	2,021	peri_urban	18	female	smelter_community	1	9	0	7.85	2.27	1	1	0	1	1	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.32	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00093	mining_smelting_community	2,012	mining_town	68	male	mining_occupational	1	6	0	3.71	2.56	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	9.48	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00094	mining_smelting_community	2,012	mining_town	47	male	contaminated_food	0	7	1	6.72	2.79	1	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	10.79	0	0	0	0	1
MIN-00095	mining_smelting_community	2,012	peri_urban	28	female	mining_occupational	1	5	0	1.34	4.14	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	3.65	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00096	mining_smelting_community	2,024	peri_urban	43	female	smoking	0	16	0	0.51	1.39	0	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	1.64	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00097	mining_smelting_community	2,010	mining_town	35	female	mining_occupational	1	10	1	3.37	2.87	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	1.3	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00098	mining_smelting_community	2,023	rural_adjacent	18	male	mining_occupational	1	13	0	5.91	4.37	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	7.85	0	0	0	0	0
MIN-00099	mining_smelting_community	2,024	rural_adjacent	51	male	smelter_community	1	14	0	3.75	2.85	1	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	0	0	0	9.25	0	0	0	0	0

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⚠️ Synthetic dataset — Parameterized from published SSA literature, not real observations. Not suitable for empirical analysis or policy inference.

Cadmium Exposure & Kidney Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract

Synthetic dataset modelling cadmium exposure, biomarkers, and renal/bone health outcomes across three settings in SSA. Cadmium causes irreversible renal tubular dysfunction at urine Cd >2 µg/g-creatinine (ATSDR). Sources include mining/smelting, phosphate fertilizers, contaminated food, and smoking.

Parameterization Evidence

Parameter	Value	Source	Year
Tubular proteinuria at urine Cd >2 µg/g-creat	Threshold	ATSDR Toxicological Profile	2012
Nephropathy irreversible; determinant of mortality	Disease	CDC/ATSDR CSEM	2023
Smoking synergy with Cd nephropathy	Synergy	Sage Journals	2017
Environmental Cd in industrialized countries	Global	MDPI	2023

Validation

Usage

from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("electricsheepafrica/cadmium-kidney-disease", "mining_smelting_community")

References

ATSDR. Cadmium Toxicological Profile. 2012.
CDC/ATSDR CSEM. Cadmium Toxicity. 2023.
Price RG. Cadmium nephropathy and smoking. Biomarkers, 2017.
MDPI. Environmental Cd exposure levels. 2023.

Citation

@dataset{electricsheepafrica_cadmium_kidney_disease_2025,
  title={Cadmium Exposure and Kidney Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa},
  author={Electric Sheep Africa},
  year={2025},
  publisher={HuggingFace},
  url={https://huggingface.co/datasets/electricsheepafrica/cadmium-kidney-disease}
}

License

CC-BY-4.0

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