SentenceTransformer based on sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 384-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for retrieval.

Model Details

Model Description

  • Model Type: Sentence Transformer
  • Base model: sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2
  • Maximum Sequence Length: 256 tokens
  • Output Dimensionality: 384 dimensions
  • Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity
  • Supported Modality: Text

Model Sources

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'transformer_task': 'feature-extraction', 'modality_config': {'text': {'method': 'forward', 'method_output_name': 'last_hidden_state'}}, 'module_output_name': 'token_embeddings', 'architecture': 'BertModel'})
  (1): Pooling({'embedding_dimension': 384, 'pooling_mode': 'mean', 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize({})
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("kitrakrev/smart-router-embeddings")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    '["Can steadily increased unnecessary base out prism correction to help distance vision, cause esophoria?"]',
    '["Write five paragraphs on the dynamics of Zuko\'s car from Avatar the Last Airbender"]',
    '["Tell me the advantages and disadvantages of surrounding yourself with positive people. Be sarcastic! \\n"]',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 384]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities)
# tensor([[1.0000, 0.9051, 0.6981],
#         [0.9051, 1.0000, 0.6690],
#         [0.6981, 0.6690, 1.0000]])

Evaluation

Metrics

Semantic Similarity

Metric Value
pearson_cosine 0.7111
spearman_cosine 0.4162

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

  • Size: 54,000 training samples
  • Columns: sentence_0 and sentence_1
  • Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
    sentence_0 sentence_1
    type string string
    details
    • min: 7 tokens
    • mean: 59.14 tokens
    • max: 256 tokens
    • min: 7 tokens
    • mean: 56.77 tokens
    • max: 256 tokens
  • Samples:
    sentence_0 sentence_1
    ["wirte python DDD code by using Fastapi for subsribtions(like Netflix, Amazone Prime, etc.) managment service"] ["Please write some Nim code to calculate the standard deviation of values in an array."]
    ["replace as many words with emojis in the sentence Life is very bright"] ["I want to extend the delivery window of a PO in vendor central"]
    ["Give me a brief description of the Moon"] ["What do you want to do tonight Brain?"]
  • Loss: MultipleNegativesRankingLoss with these parameters:
    {
        "scale": 20.0,
        "similarity_fct": "cos_sim",
        "gather_across_devices": false,
        "directions": [
            "query_to_doc"
        ],
        "partition_mode": "joint",
        "hardness_mode": null,
        "hardness_strength": 0.0
    }
    

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

  • per_device_train_batch_size: 512
  • num_train_epochs: 5
  • fp16: True
  • per_device_eval_batch_size: 512
  • multi_dataset_batch_sampler: round_robin

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand
  • per_device_train_batch_size: 512
  • num_train_epochs: 5
  • max_steps: -1
  • learning_rate: 5e-05
  • lr_scheduler_type: linear
  • lr_scheduler_kwargs: None
  • warmup_steps: 0
  • optim: adamw_torch_fused
  • optim_args: None
  • weight_decay: 0.0
  • adam_beta1: 0.9
  • adam_beta2: 0.999
  • adam_epsilon: 1e-08
  • optim_target_modules: None
  • gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
  • average_tokens_across_devices: True
  • max_grad_norm: 1
  • label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
  • bf16: False
  • fp16: True
  • bf16_full_eval: False
  • fp16_full_eval: False
  • tf32: None
  • gradient_checkpointing: False
  • gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
  • torch_compile: False
  • torch_compile_backend: None
  • torch_compile_mode: None
  • use_liger_kernel: False
  • liger_kernel_config: None
  • use_cache: False
  • neftune_noise_alpha: None
  • torch_empty_cache_steps: None
  • auto_find_batch_size: False
  • log_on_each_node: True
  • logging_nan_inf_filter: True
  • include_num_input_tokens_seen: no
  • log_level: passive
  • log_level_replica: warning
  • disable_tqdm: False
  • project: huggingface
  • trackio_space_id: trackio
  • per_device_eval_batch_size: 512
  • prediction_loss_only: True
  • eval_on_start: False
  • eval_do_concat_batches: True
  • eval_use_gather_object: False
  • eval_accumulation_steps: None
  • include_for_metrics: []
  • batch_eval_metrics: False
  • save_only_model: False
  • save_on_each_node: False
  • enable_jit_checkpoint: False
  • push_to_hub: False
  • hub_private_repo: None
  • hub_model_id: None
  • hub_strategy: every_save
  • hub_always_push: False
  • hub_revision: None
  • load_best_model_at_end: False
  • ignore_data_skip: False
  • restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
  • full_determinism: False
  • seed: 42
  • data_seed: None
  • use_cpu: False
  • accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
  • parallelism_config: None
  • dataloader_drop_last: False
  • dataloader_num_workers: 0
  • dataloader_pin_memory: True
  • dataloader_persistent_workers: False
  • dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
  • remove_unused_columns: True
  • label_names: None
  • train_sampling_strategy: random
  • length_column_name: length
  • ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
  • ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
  • ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
  • ddp_backend: None
  • ddp_timeout: 1800
  • fsdp: []
  • fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
  • deepspeed: None
  • debug: []
  • skip_memory_metrics: True
  • do_predict: False
  • resume_from_checkpoint: None
  • warmup_ratio: None
  • local_rank: -1
  • prompts: None
  • batch_sampler: batch_sampler
  • multi_dataset_batch_sampler: round_robin
  • router_mapping: {}
  • learning_rate_mapping: {}

Training Logs

Epoch Step Training Loss routing-eval_spearman_cosine
0.9434 100 - 0.3702
1.0 106 - 0.3727
1.8868 200 - 0.3995
2.0 212 - 0.4019
2.8302 300 - 0.4110
3.0 318 - 0.4122
3.7736 400 - 0.4137
4.0 424 - 0.4155
4.7170 500 4.5425 0.4162

Training Time

  • Training: 5.5 minutes
  • Evaluation: 28.8 seconds
  • Total: 6.0 minutes

Framework Versions

  • Python: 3.13.2
  • Sentence Transformers: 5.4.1
  • Transformers: 5.5.4
  • PyTorch: 2.8.0+cu128
  • Accelerate: 1.10.1
  • Datasets: 4.8.4
  • Tokenizers: 0.22.1

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss

@misc{oord2019representationlearningcontrastivepredictive,
      title={Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Coding},
      author={Aaron van den Oord and Yazhe Li and Oriol Vinyals},
      year={2019},
      eprint={1807.03748},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.LG},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.03748},
}
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