content listlengths 1 1 | teacher_response stringlengths 21 22.5k | answer stringclasses 4
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Q-fever is caused by:\nChoices:\nA. Rochaemelia Quintana\nB. Coxiella burnetti\nC. Mycoplasma hominis\nD. None of the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercas... | Q-fever is caused by Coxiella burnetti. Rickettsial disease: Disease Agent Epidemic typhus Murine typhus Scrub typhus Indian tick typhus RMSF Rickettsial pox R. prowazekii R.typhi R.tsutsugamushi R. conori R. rickettsia R. akari genital trat infections,infeility,aboion, postpaum fever, chorioamnionitis and lowbih weigh... | B |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Cherry red spot is seen in\nChoices:\nA. Tay Sach's disease\nB. Batten Mayous disease\nC. von Gerkie's disease\nD. Mucopolysaccharidosis\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> usin... | (A) Tay Sach's disease # CHERRY RED SPOT is seen in central retinal artery occlusion, Tay-Sach's disease, Niemann-Pick's disease, Gaucher's disease and Berlin's oedema.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Following are complications of chicken pox except –\nChoices:\nA. Meningitis\nB. Pneumonia\nC. Enteritis\nD. Reyes Syndrome\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercas... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Radiation Dose Monitoring in Occupational Workers is done by\nChoices:\nA. TLD Badge\nB. Linear Accelerator\nC. Collimators\nD. Grid\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an... | TLD Batch (Thermoluminescent Dosimeter) It is used to evaluate occupational radiation exposure It is made up of lithium flouride (LiF) or Calcium suphate Dysprosium It is worn under lead apron
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Nodular regenerating hyperplasia is associated with aEUR'\nChoices:\nA. Budd-chiari syndrome\nB. Alcohol\nC. Drug\nD. Hepatitis B\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an up... | Drug [Ref: www.ijpmonline.org; Depament of Pathology AFMC Pune D.shelly, MS Tevetial Nodular regenerative hvperplasia Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver is an uncommon condition characterized by diffuse benign transformation of the hepatic parenchyma into small regenerative nodules with minimal or no fibrous... | C |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Apo B48 & Apo B100 is synthesized from the same mRNA; the difference between them is due to:\nChoices:\nA. RNA splicing '\nB. Allelic exclusion\nC. Deamination of cytidine to uridine\nD. Upstream repression\n</Qu... | Ans is 'c' i.e. Deamination of cytidine to Uridine.Apo B-48 and apo B-100 are synthesized from the same mRNA.Apo B-100 is synthesized in Liver and forms part of LDL, VLDL and IDL.Apo B-48 is synthesized in Intestines and forms part of chylomicrons and chylomicron remnants.Apo B-100 is the full length translation of cor... | C |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Maximum pressure in left ventricle seen is -\nChoices:\nA. 2 mm Hg\nB. 25 mm Hg\nC. 80 mm Hg\nD. 120 mm Hg\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C... | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 120 mm Hg Pressures in various nordons of CVSo Right ventricleo Left ventricleo Right atriumo Left atriumo Aortao Pulmonary artery------25/0 mm Hg (systolic/diastolic)120/0 mm Hg2 mm Hg5 mm Hg120/80 mm Hg25/8 mm Hg
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>All of the following are presentin pterygomandibular space except\nChoices:\nA. Nerve to mylohyoid\nB. Chorda tympani\nC. Long buccal nerve\nD. Nerve to pterygoid\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Not a feature of triad of hepatopulmonary syndrome\nChoices:\nA. Liver disease\nB. Hypoxemia\nC. Pulmonary arteriovenous shunting\nD. Cardiac dysfunction\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> a... |
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Uses of alpha 2 agonists are all EXCEPT\nChoices:\nA. To produce sedation\nB. Glaucoma\nC. Benign hyperplasia of prostate\nD. Hypeension\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> usin... | Alpha 2 antagonists like prazosin, tamsulosin are used in BPH, as they relax urinary bladder neck and the prostate capsule. All the others are the uses of alpha 2 agonists. From medical pharmacology Padmaja 4th edition page no 101,103
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Chronic constipation in children is seen in all A/E –\nChoices:\nA. Hirschspring disease\nB. Jejunal polyp\nC. Hypothyroidism\nD. Stricture\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> u... |
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following is not a contraindication for bronchoscopy:\nChoices:\nA. Lesions of cervical spine\nB. Cardiac failure\nC. Active bleeding\nD. Trismus\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answ... | Bronchoscopy is a procedure used for endoscopic examination of tracheobronchial tree. Contraindications of Bronchoscopy Emergency bronchoscopy has no contraindication as it may be a lifesaving procedure. Elective bronchoscopy may have the following contraindications: General contraindications such as HT, DM, bleeding d... | C |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Most common cause of menorrhagia in childbear-ing period:\nChoices:\nA. Fibroid\nB. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding\nC. Pelvic endometriosis\nD. Adenomyosis\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer>... |
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following acts by inhibiting HMG CoA reductase?\nChoices:\nA. Ezetimibe\nB. Gemfibrozil\nC. Clofibrate\nD. Lovastatin\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an u... | Ans. d (Lovastatin). (Ref. Harrison, Principle of Medicine, 17th/Table 350-6; KDT\ Pharmacology, 4th ed., 618) Lipid-lowering agents Drug Major Indications Mechanism Common Side Effects HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) Lovastatin,Pravastatin. Simvastatin, Fluvastatin Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin Elevated LDL-C |Cho... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>1st evidence of calcification of Upper 1st molar is seen in\nChoices:\nA. at birth\nB. 16 wk IU\nC. 1 year after birth\nD. 2 years after birth\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer... |
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Indicators of the Elimination of neonatal Tetanus includes the following EXCEPT\nChoices:\nA. Incidence rate < 0.1/1000 live births\nB. > 75% deliveries conducted by trained dais\nC. > 90% coverage of 3 antenatal... | Ans. c (> 90% coverage of 3 antenatal visits) (Ref. Park PSM 22nd/262, 263)NEONATAL TETANUS# WHO estimates that only 5% of neonatal tetanus cases are actually reported, even from well developed surveillance systems. For this reason, neonatal tetanus is called "the silent killer".# Signs of neonatal tetanus usually appe... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which factor of S.Aureus is responsible for Coagglutination reaction?\nChoices:\nA. Protein-A\nB. Clumping factor\nC. Hemolysin\nD. Techoic acid\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answ... | Protein-A binds to Fc region of IgG leaving Fab region free to bind to an antigen, forming the basis of coagglutination reaction.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>All of the following can cause obstruction of hepatobiliary system EXCEPT\nChoices:\nA. Ankylostoma duodenale\nB. Ascaris lumbricoides\nC. Clonorchis sinensis\nD. Fasciola hepatica\n</Question>\nAt the end presen... | Ankylostoma * The adult parasites live in the small intestine of man, mostly in the jejunum, less frequently in duodenum and infrequently in the ileum. * Ascaris and liver flukes are known to cause biliary obstruction.
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Regression of mile stones occur after normal development upto _______ in Rett's disease\nChoices:\nA. 5 months\nB. 1 year\nC. 2 years\nD. 1 months\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </an... | Rett's disease is characterized by regression of milestones after normal development upto 5 months. There is also deceleration in head circumference leading to microcephaly.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Nosocomial infection occurs in hospital in\nChoices:\nA. <12 hours\nB. 12-14 hours\nC. 24-48 hours\nD. >48 hours\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A... | The term hospital infection, hospital-acquired infection or nosocomial infection are applied to infections developing in hospitalized patients, not present or in incubation at the time of their admission.
Such infections may become evident during their stay in hospital or, sometimes, only after their discharge.
Infecti... | D |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Drug safely given in Pregnancy -\nChoices:\nA. Antifolate\nB. Quinine\nC. Chloroquine\nD. Primaquine\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D... | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Chloroquine
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The exercise-induced hyperventilation during vigorrous exercise is produced due to the receptors present in\nChoices:\nA. Medulla oblongata\nB. Lung parenchyma\nC. Carotid bodies\nD. Trachea and large bronchi\n</... | The exercise-induced hyperventilation during vigorous exercise is produced due to the receptors present in carotid bodies. When exercise becomes more vigourous,, buffering of the increased amounts of lactic acid that are produced liberates more CO2, and fuher increases ventilation. The additional increase in ventilatio... | C |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Spastic paraplegia can be caused by the following except\nChoices:\nA. Motor neuron disease\nB. Chronic lead poisoning\nC. Vitamin B12 deficiency\nD. Cervical spondylosis\n</Question>\nAt the end present your ans... | Harrison's principles of internal medicine17th edition.and Vishram singh textbook of clinical neuroanatomy 2nd edition. *Myelopathy from cervical spondylosis is a common cause of spastic or spastic-ataxic gait *Subacute combined degeneration(vitaminB12 deficiency )causing myelopathy is characterised by subacute paraest... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following inhalational agent is the most soluble in blood?\nChoices:\nA. Halothane\nB. Isoflurane\nC. Enflurane\nD. Desflurane\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> u... | Blood/gas partition coefficient:· The ratio of concentration in blood to that in gas. High value denotes an agent very soluble in blood. Inhalational agent coefficient Halothane Isoflurane Enflurane Desflurane Sevoflurane
Most soluble in blood is halothane.
Least soluble in blood is desflurane.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>DMPA is an injectible contraceptive given every -\nChoices:\nA. Three weeks\nB. Two months\nC. Three months\nD. Two years\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase ... | park's textbook of preventive and social medicine 23rd edition. *DMPA has been in use since 1960s.The standard dose is an I'M injection of 150 mg every 3 months.It gives protection from pregnancy in 99% of women for at least 3 months.
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Endodontic therapy is contraindicated for a single-rooted tooth that has:\nChoices:\nA. Discoloration\nB. An acute apical abscess\nC. A vertical fracture of the root and an associated deep periodontal defect\nD. ... | The vertical fracture of teeth has poorer prognosis, in addition to this presence of periodontal problem contraindicates root canal therapy.
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Glomular filtration rate increases if: September 2005\nChoices:\nA. Increased plasma oncotic pressure\nB. Decreased glomerular hydrostatic pressure\nC. Increased renal blood flow\nD. Increased tubular hydrostatic... | Ans. C: Increased renal blood flow GFR = Kf x Net filtration pressure Net filtration pressure represents the sum of the hydrostatic and colloid osmotic forces that either our/oppose filtration across glomerular capillaries Hydrostatic pressure inside the glomerular capillaries (PGC) - Promotes filtration Hydrostatic pr... | C |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Upper segment : lower segment ratio in Growth hormone deficiency:\nChoices:\nA. Increases\nB. Decreases\nC. Remains unchanged\nD. Cannot comment\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answ... | - Growth hormone deficiency is a cause of propoionate sho stature - so upper segment : lower segment ratio remains normal or unchanged. CLINICAL FEATURES OF GH DEFICIENCY: Delayed bone age, dentition, pubey, milestones Hypoglycemia Frontal bossing High pitched voice Sho stature DIAGNOSIS: 1. GH stimulation test : Done ... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Mechanism of action of 5–FU is :\nChoices:\nA. Antimetabolite\nB. Direct DNA chelating agent\nC. Anti-Mitotic\nD. Topoisomerase inhibitor\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> usi... |
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following Vitamins has been evaluated for the treatment of Fish odour syndrome:\nChoices:\nA. Ribofalvin\nB. Thiamine\nC. Biotin\nD. Niacin\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> an... | Trimethylaminuria (TMAU) also known as fish odour syndrome or stale Fish syndrome, is caused by defects in a protein called Flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3). Riboflavin, a precursor of the FAD prosthetic group of FMOs may help maximize residual FMO3 enzyme activity in patients with Trimethylaminuria, allowing f... | A |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>In which of the tooth is the mesiodistal measurements is greater lingually than facially:\nChoices:\nA. Maxillary 1st premolar\nB. Mandibular 2nd premolar\nC. Mandibular 1st premolar\nD. Maxillary 1st molar\n</Qu... |
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Structures passing through Calot&;s triangle are all EXCEPT:\nChoices:\nA. A) Poal vein\nB. B) Cystic aery\nC. C) Right hepatic aery\nD. D) Lymph node of Lund\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answ... | THE HEPATOBILIARY TRIANGLE OR CYSTOHEPATIC TRIANGLE OR CALOT&;S TRIANGLE: Boundaries: Common hepatic duct medially Cystic duct inferiorly Inferior surface of liver superiorly Contents: Cystic aery Right hepatic aery Lymph node of Lund Ref: Gray&;s anatomy text book of anatomy BD chaurasia 21st Ed.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>True regarding excitation contraction coupling in smooth muscles is\nChoices:\nA. Presence of troponin is essential\nB. Sustained contraction occurs with high calcium concentration\nC. Phosphorylation of actin is... | Troponin is needed for skeletal muscle contraction, not smooth muscle. Sustained contraction occurs due to ‘latch’.
Myosin needs to be phosphorylated rather than actin for smooth muscle contraction.
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Hofmann elimination is-\nChoices:\nA. Inactivation of drug by metabolizing enzyme\nB. Unchanged excretion by kidney\nC. Excretion in feces\nD. Inactivation by molecular rearrangement\n</Question>\nAt the end pres... | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Inactivation by molecular rearrangement This refers to inactivation of the drug in the body fluids by spontaneous molecular rearrangement without the agency of any enzyme.
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Prolonged use of one of the following anticonvulsant can produce weight loss -\nChoices:\nA. Gabapentin\nB. Oxcarbazepine\nC. Topiramate\nD. Valproic acid\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> ... | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Topiramate o Use of topiramate is limited by its unwanted side effects paicularly weight loss, sedation and naming difficulties. Note - Other drug causing weight loss is Felbamate.
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Lower first molar has which of the following occlusal shapes\nChoices:\nA. Pentagonal\nB. Trapezoid\nC. Rectangular\nD. Any of the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> usin... | In previous question only one has to be selected so answer should be Pentagonal. But other occlusal forms are also found in lower first molar.
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Propranolol is useful in the management of which of the following side effects of a typical neuroleptic ?\nChoices:\nA. Parkinsonism\nB. Acute muscle dystonia\nC. Tardive dyskinesia\nD. Akathisia\n</Question>\nAt... |
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Methylene blue reduction test is done for estimating?\nChoices:\nA. Fat content of milk\nB. Sugar content of milk\nC. Protein content of milk\nD. Bacterial activity in milk\n</Question>\nAt the end present your a... | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Bacterial activity in milk
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>In decorticate animal which reflex is lost?\nChoices:\nA. Hopping and placing reflex\nB. Tonic neck reflex\nC. Tonic labyrinthine reflex\nD. Stretch reflex\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer>... | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hoping and placing reflex o First read the integrating centers of various postural reflexes.Postural reflexIntegrating centerMuscle toneSpinal cordPositive supporting reactionSpinal cordCrossed extensor reflexesSpinal cordTonic labyrinthine reflexesMedulla oblongataTonic neck reflexesMedulla oblongata... | A |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>If ketamine is the only agent used in reducing a dislocated shoulder, its actions will include:\nChoices:\nA. Analgesia\nB. Bradycardia\nC. Hypotension\nD. Respiratory depression\n</Question>\nAt the end present ... | Ketamine - is a powerful analgesic agent. - It increases blood pressure, intraocular presure and intracranial tension. - It does not depress CVS and respiratory system.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Differentials for acute appendicitis in a kid is all except\nChoices:\nA. Gastroenteritis\nB. Volvulus\nC. Trauma\nD. Torsion\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an upperc... | Differential diagnosis The differential diagnosis includes: Perforated peptic ulcer Biliary colic Acute cholecystitis Pneumonia Pleuritic pain Myocardial infarction Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Bones ossified at bih:\nChoices:\nA. Lower end of femur\nB. Calcaneum\nC. Upper end tibia\nD. All\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D)."... | A i.e., Lower end femur B i.e., Calcaneum C i.e., Upper end tibia
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Loop diuretics acts on ?\nChoices:\nA. Descending limb\nB. Thick ascending limb\nC. Coical segment\nD. Collecting duct\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase let... | Ans. is b' i.e., Thick ascending limb
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Following is test marker of alcohol induced liver injury:\nChoices:\nA. Gamma Glutamyl Transferase\nB. MCV\nC. SGPT/SGOT <2\nD. SGOT/SGPT >2\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> ... | Most common chronic liver disease in India is Alcoholic liver disease An SGOT: SGPT ratio>2:1 is suggestive while a ratio >3:1 is highly suggestive of alcoholic liver disease. The AST in alcoholic liver disease is rarely>300 U/L and the SGPT is often normal. A low level of SGPT in the serum is due to an alcohol induced... | D |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Common drugs responsible for Lichenoid reaction is/are:\nChoices:\nA. Antihypertensive.\nB. NSAIDS.\nC. Pencillamine.\nD. All of the above.\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> u... | Lichenoid reactions are drug induced and exhibit histopathological features similar to lichen planus. The common drugs implicated in oral lichenoid reactions are - antihypertensives, NSAIDS, pencillamine followed by dapsone, ketocanazole, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, chloroquine, and oral hypoglycemic ... | D |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>True about Bidutamide is?\nChoices:\nA. Binds to androgen receptor\nB. Causes gynecomastia\nC. It can be given as monotherapy in prostatic carcinoma\nD. All are true\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer i... | ANSWER: (D) All are trueREF: Cancer Chemotherapy and Biotherapy: Principles and Practice by bruce A. Chabner, Dan L. Longo Page 679, Goodman Gillman's 11th ed p. 1021ANDROGEN RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS(Flutamide, Bicalutamide, and Nilutamide)* Bicalutamide is an oral non-steroidal anti-androgen used in the treatment of prost... | D |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which one of the following is a branch of the facial nerve\nChoices:\nA. Deep petrosal nerve\nB. Lesser superficial petrosal nerve\nC. External petrosal nerve\nD. Greater superficial petrosal nerve\n</Question>\n... |
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>In which of the following condition frequent change of specatcles is seen\nChoices:\nA. Morgagnian cataract\nB. Incipient cataract\nC. Primary open angle glaucoma\nD. Presbyopia\n</Question>\nAt the end present y... | Ans. (b) Incipient cataract2 cheeky, confusing questions on the change of a wordFrequent change of glasses - cortical (incipient) or nuclear cataractFrequent change of presbyopic glasses - primary open angle glaucoma.
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following is seen in Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis?\nChoices:\nA. Multiple joints affected\nB. Symmetrical joint symptoms\nC. Morning stiffness, joint pain and swelling\nD. All of the above\n</Qu... | (D) All of the above[?]Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology marked by a symmetric, peripheral polyarthritis.It is the most common form of chronic inflammatory arthritis & often results in joint damage and physical disability.Because it is a systemic disease, RA may result in a... | D |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Anagen phase of the hair indicates:\nChoices:\nA. The phase of activity and growth\nB. The phase of transition\nC. The phase of resting\nD. The phase of degeneration\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer i... | Ans is 'a' i.e. the phase of activity and growth Hair cycle and growthThe hair during its life, passes through three different phases of growth and shedding. This cycle is independent of the cycle of the neighbouring follicles i.e. the neighbouring follicles are not synchronized in growth. These stages of hair cycle ar... | A |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which substance evokes the umami taste sensation in humans?\nChoices:\nA. Glucose\nB. Glutamic acid\nC. Glucosamine\nD. Gelatin\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppe... | The fifth taste sense, umami, was recently added to the four classic tastes. This taste has actually been known for almost 100 years, and it became established once its receptor was identified. It is triggered by glutamate and paicularly by the monosodium glutamate (MSG) used so extensively in Asian cooking. The taste ... | B |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>DOC for belladona poisoning\nChoices:\nA. Neostigmine\nB. Physostigmine\nC. Pyridostigmine\nD. Edrophonium\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C... | Physostigmine is an anticholinesterase & chemically it is a tertiary amine which can cross BBB.
It is DOC for Belladona, Datura & Atropine poisoning.
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following gene defects is associated with development of medullary carcinoma of thyroid -\nChoices:\nA. Ret proto oncogene\nB. FAP gene\nC. Rb gene\nD. BRCA 1 gene\n</Question>\nAt the end present yo... |
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>All are true about Hypothyroidism except:\nChoices:\nA. Delayed dentition\nB. Widened fontanelle\nC. Distended abdomen\nD. All are true\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using... | d. All are true(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2669-2773, Ghai 8/e p 516-521)If left untreated, a child with Hypothyroidism develops the following features:Growth will be stunted, the extremities are shortFace: Depressed bridge of nose, swollen eyelids, thick, broad, protruding tongueDelayed Dentition, hoarse voice; Broad hands ... | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>True statement regarding Nitric oxide is :\nChoices:\nA. NO is synthesized from arginine\nB. NO is spontaneous produced from NO2\nC. NO causes vasoconstriction\nD. NO is released from mitochondria\n</Question>\nA... | A i.e. NO is synthesized from arginine
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The given ECG of a neonate born to a mother with SLE shows?\nChoices:\nA. Complete hea block\nB. Mobitz I hea block\nC. Mobitz II hea block\nD. Sick sinus syndrome\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in ... | The atrial rate is approximately 100 bpm (RED TRACING) and ventricular rate is 40 bpm (BLUE TRACING). Since the two rates are independent it suggests complete hea block/ AV dissociation. Causes of complete hea block: Inferior wall MI AV conduction blocking drugs ,CCB, beta blockers and digoxin Degeneration of conductin... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>In gestational trophoblastic disease, metastases most commonly occur to:\nChoices:\nA. Brain\nB. Liver\nC. Lungs\nD. Bone\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase ... | Ans-C Lungs Shaw 15th/259 Hydatidiform moles are abnormal pregnancies characterized histologically by aberrant changes within the placenta. Specifically, the chorionic villi in these placentas show varying degrees of trophoblastic proliferation and edema of the villous stroma. They are of two types: partial and complet... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>'Train of four' is characteristically used in concern with\nChoices:\nA. Malignant hypehermia\nB. Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers\nC. Mechanical ventilation\nD. To check hemodynamic parameters\n</Question... | Train-of-four stimulation devotes four successive 200 - ms stimuli in 2 s (2 Hz). The twitches in a train-of-four pattern progressively fade as relaxation increases. The ratio of the responses to the first and fouh twitches is a sensitive indicator of nondepolarizing muscle paralysis. Disappearance of the fouh twitch r... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Maximum shortening of limbs occur in\nChoices:\nA. Trochantric femur\nB. Post dislocation of hip\nC. neck femur\nD. Anterior dislocation of hip\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answe... | Ans. is 'b' i.e. posterior dislocation of hip Be sure of the answer, we have been taught this in the clinics.Shortening of the limb is seen in: (in decreasing order)Post dislocation of hip (maximum) shaft femur Intertrochanteric neck femur
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The rate of formation of CSF per day:\nChoices:\nA. 1000 c.c.\nB. 2000 c.c.\nC. 5000 c.c.\nD. 8000 c.c.\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, o... | 5000 c.c.
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Botulism is a disease of\nChoices:\nA. Neural transmission caused by the toxin of the bacterium clostridium botulinum\nB. Muscular transmission caused by the toxin of the bacterium clostridium botulinum\nC. Neuro... | Clostridium botulinum produces a powerful exotoxin. It acts by blocking the production or release of acetylcholine at the synapses and neuromuscular junction. Thus blocks neuromuscular transmission. Reference: Textbook of Microbiology; Anathanarayan and paniker's; 10th edition; Page no: 269
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>In Peutz-Jegher's syndrome, polyps are seen in: March 2004\nChoices:\nA. Anus\nB. Rectum\nC. Small bowel\nD. Stomach\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase lette... | Ans. C i.e. Small bowel
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Prusian blue detects?\nChoices:\nA. Ferric iron\nB. Ferrous iron\nC. Glycogen\nD. Lipids\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
"ro... | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ferric iron o Perl's iron stain/Prussian blue method: It is the classic method for demonstrating iron in tissues. The section is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid to release ferric ions from binding proteins. These ions then react with potassium ferrocyanide to produce an insoluble blue compound (... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Multiple hepatic mets is seen in:\nChoices:\nA. Ca stomach\nB. Ca head of pancreas\nC. Ca gall bladder\nD. Peri ampullary Ca\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an upperca... | Ans: c (Ca gall bladder) Ref: Bailey, p. 1113This is the max we could get-By the time gall bladder neoplasm are discovered, most have invaded liver centrifugally and many have extended to the cyctic duct and adjacent bile duct- Robbins (father), 7th ed, p. 935TreatmentIf malignancy proved histologically from a benign g... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>What is the most likely cause of these skin changes?\nChoices:\nA. Asteatotic eczema\nB. Chronic venous stasis\nC. Necrobiosis lipoidica\nD. Pretibial myxedema\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <ans... | Answer B. Chronic venous stasisThe chronic changes of dependent edema with hyperkeratosis, papillomatous plaques, and loosely adherent crust and cobblestone-like nodules is most consistent with chronic venous stasis, and is known as elephantiasis nostras verrucosa.
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Creatinine, NO & urea are synthesized from which amino acid?\nChoices:\nA. Arginine\nB. Citrulline\nC. Aspaate\nD. Glycine\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase... | 1. Creatinine - Three amino acid -glycine, arginine and methionine-are required for creatine formation FORMATION OF CREATININE 2. NO is synthesized from arginine by enzyme NOS (Nitric Oxide Synthase). FORMATION OF NO 3. Urea is formed from arginine by enzyme arginase UREA CYCLE
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following graft resembles TMJ morphologically, structurally, functionally, histologically:\nChoices:\nA. Costocondral graft.\nB. Calvarial graft.\nC. Sternoclavicular graft.\nD. Metatarsal graft.\n</... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Rivastigmine is given in:\nChoices:\nA. Depression\nB. Alzheimer's disease\nC. Schizophrenia\nD. OCD\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D... | (Ref: Katzung, 10th ed. Ch 7)* Rivastigmine is a parasympathomimetic drug used for the treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type and dementia due to Parkinson's disease* DOC for Alzheimer's disorder-Donepezil* DOC for OCD: Fluoxetine* DOC for parkinsonism: Levodpa + Carbidopa* DOC for drug induced ... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Patient come with a midline swelling in the neck measuring 2cms in size On H P E it shows orphan annie eye nuclei Most likely diagnosis\nChoices:\nA. Papillary thyroid ca\nB. medullary thyroid ca\nC. Toxic nodula... | Orphan Annie eyed nuclei are characteristic histopathological feature of PTC ref : bailey and love 27th ed
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Vaccine in the UPI which aims at preventing blindness is -\nChoices:\nA. Measles\nB. Rubella\nC. DPT\nD. Polio\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, ... | Measles blindness is the single leading cause of blindness among children in low-income countries, accounting for an estimated 15,000 to 60,000 cases of blindness per year.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Seminal stain can be detected by\nChoices:\nA. Phenolphthalein test\nB. Reine's test\nC. Barberio's test\nD. Paraffin test\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase... | Test for seminal stains
Creatine phosphokinase test
Acid phosphatase test
Florence test (Choline iodide crystals)
Barberio's test (Crystals of spesmin picrate).
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Treatment of Endrin poisoning is with\nChoices:\nA. Atropine\nB. Oximes\nC. Suppoive measures\nD. All of the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter ... | Of all the chlorinated insecticide compounds, endrin is the most toxic. It is chiefly used against pests of cotton, paddy, sugarcane and tobacco. It is a popular insecticide with action against a wide variety of plant pests and, therefore, also known as plant penicillin. Endrin, an organochlorine insecticide (chlorinat... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 21-year-old woman incurs a blow to her head from a fall while mountain biking. She then has loss of consciousness for 5 minutes. On examination her deep tendon reflexes are diminished. A head CT scan 6 hours la... | Concussion leads to altered consciousness, starting with the instantaneous onset of transient neurologic dysfunction with head trauma, amnesia for the event, then neurologic recovery or post-concussion syndrome with disabling neuropsychiatric manifestations, worsening with repeated concussions. There are no radiologic ... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Sinus bradycardia with MI\nChoices:\nA. Atropine\nB. Digoxin\nC. Calcium channel blocker\nD. Propranolol\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, ... |
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Z score measures the bone mineral density compred to ?\nChoices:\nA. Age, Race and sex matched individuals\nB. Race and sex matched individuals\nC. Sex matched individuals\nD. None of the above\n</Question>\nAt t... | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Age, Race and sex matched individuals T Score and Z score are the measures of bone mineral density. Z score : Measures the bone mineral density in terms standard detion from the mean bone mineral density of age, race and sex matched individuals. T score : Measures the bone mineral density in terms sta... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Toxic shock syndrome is due to which vaccine\nChoices:\nA. Measles\nB. Mumps\nC. Salk\nD. Tetanus\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D)."... |
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Number of air changes in a drawing room per hour should be at least\nChoices:\nA. 5-Apr\nB. 4-Mar\nC. 3-Feb\nD. 6-May\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase lett... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Most common bone fractured during birth -(MP 98)\nChoices:\nA. Scapula\nB. Humerus\nC. Clavicle\nD. Radius\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C... | Bones may be broken (fractured) during a difficult delivery. A fracture of the collarbone (clavicle) is most common. The upper arm bone (humerus) or upper leg bone (femur) may break during a difficult delivery. However, arm or leg fractures are very unusual. A fractured bone in a newborn is kept from moving as much as ... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>CPPD crystals are seen in which disease\nChoices:\nA. Hypothyroidiam\nB. Primary hypehyroidism\nC. Hemochromatosis\nD. All of the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using... | CPPD crystals is seen in primary hypehyroidism, hemochromatosis, hypomagenesia, Hypophosphatasia and hypothyroidism Refer Harrison 20th/ ep 2167 maheswari 9th ed
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Serum Lithium level is increased by all the following drugs EXCEPT\nChoices:\nA. Aspirin\nB. Chlorthiazide\nC. Tetracycline\nD. Verapamil\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> usi... | (D) Verapamil > Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents can facilitate renal proximal tubular resorption of Li+ and thereby increase concentrations in plasma to toxic levels.This interaction appears to be particularly prominent with indomethacin, but also may occur with ibuprofen, naproxen, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in... | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Investigation of choice for bronchiectasis is: September 2009\nChoices:\nA. Chest X-ray\nB. MRI\nC. CT scan\nD. V-P scan\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase l... | Ans. C: CT Scan High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) is the investigation of choice for the diagnosis of bronchiectasis. It shows dilated bronchi adjacent to vascular structure forming a signet ring shape. The diameter of the lumen of the bronchi is characteristically larger than that of the vascular structure. T... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Counterfeit drug is -\nChoices:\nA. Fake medicine\nB. Contains the wrong ingredient\nC. They have active ingredient in wrong dose\nD. All the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </a... | Ans. is 'd' i.e., A11 the above o Counterfeit medicine is fake medicine.o It may be contaminated or contain the wrong or no active ingredient,o They could have the right active ingredient but at the wrong dose,o Counterfeit drugs are illegal and may be harmful to your health.
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which diuretic could be considered appropriate for combining with ACE inhibitors\nChoices:\nA. Spironolactone\nB. Eplerenone\nC. Hydrochlorothiazide\nD. Amiloride\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <... | ACE inhibitors are contra-indicated in the presence of hyperkalemia.Aldosterone antagonists and epithelial sodium channel blockers are potassium sparing diuretics and should not be combined with ACE inhibitors. Thiazides on the other hand cause hypokalemia and can be combined with ACE inhibitors.
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>What is the most common cause of respiratory distress in newborns?\nChoices:\nA. Congenital pneumonia\nB. Hyaline membrane disease\nC. Congenital diaphragma c hernia\nD. Transient tachypnea of the newborn\n</Ques... | Transient tachypnea of the newborn is a respiratory problem that can be seen in the newborn sholy after delivery. It is caused by retained fetal lung fluid due to impaired clearance mechanisms. It is the most common cause of respiratory distress in term neonates. Ref : essential paediatrics op ghai 9edition Pg no : 210... | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>THEME AND FOCUS: GLYCOLYSIS Case Study: A 42-year-old man presented with symptoms of weakness, fatigue, shoness of breath, and dizziness. His hemoglobin level was less than 7 g/dl (normal for a male being greater... | Pyruvate kinase deficiency would be most likely cause of patient's anemia | lactate production in the erythrocyte indicates a defect in glycolysis. Pyruvate kinase deficiency 2nd most common cause (after glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency) of enzyme deficiency related to hemolytic anemia. In G6PD deficiency -... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Painful are syndrome is seen in all except -\nChoices:\nA. Complete tear of supraspinatus\nB. # greater tuberosity\nC. Subacromial bursitis\nD. Supraspinatus tendinitis\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answe... | Painful are syndrome is seen in incomplete tear of supraspinatus tendon (not in complete tear).
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>In normal conditions of temperature and atmosphere, the rate of cooling of dead body is:\nChoices:\nA. 1.0 F/hour\nB. 1.5 F/hour\nC. 2.0 F/hour\nD. 2.5 F/hour\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answ... | The dead body cools at an average rate of 1.5 degree F per hour in temperate climate and 0.75 degree F in a tropical climate. According to Simpson, the cooling of the body is the only reliable indicator of the lapse of time during the first 18 hours after death. Factors controlling the cooling rate are: Condition of th... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Drug used in Toxoplasmosis is :\nChoices:\nA. Pyrimethamine\nB. Ribovarin\nC. Ganciclovir\nD. Tetracycline\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C... | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Pyrimethamine Doc for Toxoplasmosis - Pyrimethamine and Trimethoprim
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>What is radioresistant –\nChoices:\nA. Cartilage\nB. Seminoma\nC. Ewings sarcoma\nD. GI epithelium\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).... | Bone & cartilage are radioresistant.
Ewing's sarcoma, seminoma and GI epithelium are highly radiosensitive.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Blood soaked linen are disposed in -\nChoices:\nA. Black bag\nB. Red bag\nC. Green bag\nD. White bag\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D... | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Red bag
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Multifocal ERG is useful to assess the function of:\nChoices:\nA. Rods\nB. Macular cones\nC. Ganglion ceils\nD. Retinal pigment epithelium\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> us... | Ans. b. Macular cones (Ref: Yanoff and Duker 4/e p460)Multifocal ERG is useful to assess the function of macular cones.Multifocal ERG (mfERG)The multifocal ERG (mfERG) has supplanted focal ERG testing and records multiple local ERG responses elicited from the central 40--50 degrees of the retina under light- adapted co... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>the aim of the first session with a child patient is to all\nexcept\nChoices:\nA. Establish general communication with the patient and parents\nB. Start restorative procedures\nC. Obtain background information of... |
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A new bom child presented with CHD has cyanosis, become prominanat on breathing and improved in crying. The Diagnosis is\nChoices:\nA. Bilateral choanal atresia\nB. Diaphragmatic hernia\nC. Genitourinary defects\... | i.e. (Bilateral choanal atresia) : (336-Ghai 7th) (178-458-Dhingra 5th)* Affected baby cycles between spells of cyanosis and crying. Attempts at suckling immediately precipitates cyanosis in CHOANAL ATRESIACHOANAL ATRESIA* More often unilateral. More common in female (2:1), more often on the right side and more often b... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 30-year-old male underwent tooth extraction for dental caries. Now he presents with fever and trismus. Oropharyngeal examination is revealing that the tonsils are pushed medially. There is also a swelling in th... | (d) Parapharyngeal abscess(Ref. Scott Brown, 8th ed., Vol 3; 550)Ludwig's angina is cellulitis of the submandibular space. Its most common underlying cause is dental caries. The patient has fever and trismus. Here the floor of mouth is raised pushing the tongue up and also there is swelling in the neck below the mandib... | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>True regarding EMLA is\nChoices:\nA. Its mixture of 24 mg/g Lidocaine + 25 mg/gm prilocaine used for skin anaesthesia\nB. used as generaL anaesthesia in pediatric use\nC. used for bilateral nerve block\nD. None o... |
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Apoptosis is initiated by?\nChoices:\nA. Caspases\nB. Bd-2\nC. Bd-X\nD. P53\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
"role": "user"
... | ANSWER: (A) CaspasesREF: Robbins 8th Edn Page 295-296See Mechanism of Apoptosis in Pathology 2013 Session 1
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Occlusal offset in an anterior partial veneer crown may generally be necessary to provide:\nChoices:\nA. Retention\nB. Conservation of tooth structure\nC. Esthetics\nD. Structural durability\n</Question>\nAt the ... |
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>All of the following are actions of muscarinic antogonists, except :\nChoices:\nA. Decrease gastric secretions\nB. Decrease respiratory secretions\nC. Contract radial muscles of iris\nD. Fascilitates AV conductio... | Ans is 'c' i.e. Contract radial muscles of iris o Radial muscles are innervated by sympathetic systems not by parasympathetic (muscarinic) system Iris muscles that control the size of pupil There are two types of muscles in iris that control the size of pupil: i) The iris sphincter or constrictor pupillae (circular mus... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 50 year oldlady sprained her ankle 2 months back from which she made a steady recovery. 2 months after the injury she gradually developed severe pain in her right ankle with significant limitation of ankle move... | Presence of severe persistent pain, edema, decreased range of motion (motor features) and trophic changes (shiny skin) two month after sustaining a soft tissue injury suggests a diagnosis of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I (Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy).
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following bacteria is isolated with Cetrimide agar:\nChoices:\nA. Clostridium Perfringens\nB. Clostridium tetani\nC. Pseudomonas aeruginosa\nD. E.Coli\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in ... | Ans. (c) Pseudomonas aeruginosaRef: Microbiology by Ananthanarayan and Paniker 8th ed. / 317* Pseudomonas is isolated from feces or other samples by using selective media such as cetrimide agar.* E.Coli is cultured in Mac-conkey media* Clostridium tetani grows on ordinary media and is improved by blood and serum.* Clos... | C |
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